16f1e5024cf9eda8b724b1f3ee5ecb5558352ac6
[dnssec-prover] / src / validation.rs
1 //! Utilities to deserialize and validate RFC 9102 proofs
2
3 use alloc::borrow::ToOwned;
4 use alloc::vec::Vec;
5 use alloc::vec;
6 use core::cmp;
7
8 use ring::signature;
9
10 use crate::crypto;
11 use crate::rr::*;
12 use crate::ser::write_name;
13
14 /// Gets the trusted root anchors
15 ///
16 /// These are available at <https://data.iana.org/root-anchors/root-anchors.xml>
17 pub fn root_hints() -> Vec<DS> {
18         #[allow(unused_mut)]
19         let mut res = vec![DS {
20                 name: ".".try_into().unwrap(), key_tag: 19036, alg: 8, digest_type: 2,
21                 digest: hex_lit::hex!("49AAC11D7B6F6446702E54A1607371607A1A41855200FD2CE1CDDE32F24E8FB5").to_vec(),
22         }, DS {
23                 name: ".".try_into().unwrap(), key_tag: 20326, alg: 8, digest_type: 2,
24                 digest: hex_lit::hex!("E06D44B80B8F1D39A95C0B0D7C65D08458E880409BBC683457104237C7F8EC8D").to_vec(),
25         }];
26         // In tests, add the trust anchor from RFC 9102
27         #[cfg(test)]
28         res.push(DS {
29                 name: ".".try_into().unwrap(), key_tag: 47005, alg: 13, digest_type: 2,
30                 digest: hex_lit::hex!("2eb6e9f2480126691594d649a5a613de3052e37861634641bb568746f2ffc4d4").to_vec(),
31         });
32         res
33 }
34
35 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
36 /// An error when validating DNSSEC signatures or other data
37 pub enum ValidationError {
38         /// An algorithm used in signing was not supported.
39         ///
40         /// In general DNS usage the resulting data should be used anyway, as we were able to verify
41         /// that a zone wished to use the unsupported algorithm.
42         ///
43         /// However, in cases where signing is mandatory, this can be treated as an error.
44         UnsupportedAlgorithm,
45         /// The provided data was invalid or signatures did not validate.
46         Invalid,
47 }
48
49 pub(crate) fn bytes_to_rsa_pk<'a>(pubkey: &'a [u8])
50 -> Result<signature::RsaPublicKeyComponents<&'a [u8]>, ()> {
51         if pubkey.len() <= 3 { return Err(()); }
52
53         let mut pos = 0;
54         let exponent_length;
55         if pubkey[0] == 0 {
56                 exponent_length = ((pubkey[1] as usize) << 8) | (pubkey[2] as usize);
57                 pos += 3;
58         } else {
59                 exponent_length = pubkey[0] as usize;
60                 pos += 1;
61         }
62
63         if pubkey.len() <= pos + exponent_length { return Err(()); }
64         Ok(signature::RsaPublicKeyComponents {
65                 n: &pubkey[pos + exponent_length..],
66                 e: &pubkey[pos..pos + exponent_length]
67         })
68 }
69
70 fn verify_rrsig<'a, RR: Record, Keys>(sig: &RRSig, dnskeys: Keys, mut records: Vec<&RR>)
71 -> Result<(), ValidationError>
72 where Keys: IntoIterator<Item = &'a DnsKey> {
73         for record in records.iter() {
74                 if sig.ty != record.ty() { return Err(ValidationError::Invalid); }
75         }
76         for dnskey in dnskeys.into_iter() {
77                 if dnskey.key_tag() == sig.key_tag {
78                         // Protocol must be 3, otherwise its not DNSSEC
79                         if dnskey.protocol != 3 { continue; }
80                         // The ZONE flag must be set if we're going to validate RRs with this key.
81                         if dnskey.flags & 0b1_0000_0000 == 0 { continue; }
82                         if dnskey.alg != sig.alg { continue; }
83
84                         let mut signed_data = Vec::with_capacity(2048);
85                         signed_data.extend_from_slice(&sig.ty.to_be_bytes());
86                         signed_data.extend_from_slice(&sig.alg.to_be_bytes());
87                         signed_data.extend_from_slice(&sig.labels.to_be_bytes());
88                         signed_data.extend_from_slice(&sig.orig_ttl.to_be_bytes());
89                         signed_data.extend_from_slice(&sig.expiration.to_be_bytes());
90                         signed_data.extend_from_slice(&sig.inception.to_be_bytes());
91                         signed_data.extend_from_slice(&sig.key_tag.to_be_bytes());
92                         write_name(&mut signed_data, &sig.key_name);
93
94                         records.sort_unstable();
95
96                         for record in records.iter() {
97                                 let record_labels = record.name().labels() as usize;
98                                 let labels = sig.labels.into();
99                                 if record_labels != labels {
100                                         if record_labels < labels { return Err(ValidationError::Invalid); }
101                                         let signed_name = record.name().trailing_n_labels(sig.labels);
102                                         debug_assert!(signed_name.is_some());
103                                         if let Some(name) = signed_name {
104                                                 signed_data.extend_from_slice(b"\x01*");
105                                                 write_name(&mut signed_data, name);
106                                         } else { return Err(ValidationError::Invalid); }
107                                 } else {
108                                         write_name(&mut signed_data, record.name());
109                                 }
110                                 signed_data.extend_from_slice(&record.ty().to_be_bytes());
111                                 signed_data.extend_from_slice(&1u16.to_be_bytes()); // The INternet class
112                                 signed_data.extend_from_slice(&sig.orig_ttl.to_be_bytes());
113                                 record.write_u16_len_prefixed_data(&mut signed_data);
114                         }
115
116                         let sig_validation = match sig.alg {
117                                 8|10 => {
118                                         let alg = if sig.alg == 8 {
119                                                 &signature::RSA_PKCS1_1024_8192_SHA256_FOR_LEGACY_USE_ONLY
120                                         } else {
121                                                 &signature::RSA_PKCS1_1024_8192_SHA512_FOR_LEGACY_USE_ONLY
122                                         };
123                                         bytes_to_rsa_pk(&dnskey.pubkey).map_err(|_| ValidationError::Invalid)?
124                                                 .verify(alg, &signed_data, &sig.signature)
125                                                 .map_err(|_| ValidationError::Invalid)
126                                 },
127                                 13|14 => {
128                                         let alg = if sig.alg == 13 {
129                                                 &signature::ECDSA_P256_SHA256_FIXED
130                                         } else {
131                                                 &signature::ECDSA_P384_SHA384_FIXED
132                                         };
133
134                                         // Add 0x4 identifier to the ECDSA pubkey as expected by ring.
135                                         let mut key = Vec::with_capacity(dnskey.pubkey.len() + 1);
136                                         key.push(0x4);
137                                         key.extend_from_slice(&dnskey.pubkey);
138
139                                         signature::UnparsedPublicKey::new(alg, &key)
140                                                 .verify(&signed_data, &sig.signature)
141                                                 .map_err(|_| ValidationError::Invalid)
142                                 },
143                                 15 => {
144                                         signature::UnparsedPublicKey::new(&signature::ED25519, &dnskey.pubkey)
145                                                 .verify(&signed_data, &sig.signature)
146                                                 .map_err(|_| ValidationError::Invalid)
147                                 },
148                                 _ => return Err(ValidationError::UnsupportedAlgorithm),
149                         };
150                         #[cfg(fuzzing)] {
151                                 // When fuzzing, treat any signature starting with a 1 as valid, but only after
152                                 // parsing and checking signatures to give that code a chance to panic.
153                                 if sig.signature.get(0) == Some(&1) {
154                                         return Ok(());
155                                 }
156                         }
157                         sig_validation?;
158
159                         return Ok(());
160                 }
161         }
162         Err(ValidationError::Invalid)
163 }
164
165 fn verify_dnskey_rrsig<'a, T, I>(sig: &RRSig, dses: T, records: Vec<&DnsKey>)
166 -> Result<(), ValidationError>
167 where T: IntoIterator<IntoIter = I>, I: Iterator<Item = &'a DS> + Clone {
168         let mut validated_dnskeys = Vec::with_capacity(records.len());
169         let dses = dses.into_iter();
170
171         let mut had_known_digest_type = false;
172         let mut had_ds = false;
173         for ds in dses.clone() {
174                 had_ds = true;
175                 if ds.digest_type == 1 || ds.digest_type == 2 || ds.digest_type == 4 {
176                         had_known_digest_type = true;
177                         break;
178                 }
179         }
180         if !had_ds { return Err(ValidationError::Invalid); }
181         if !had_known_digest_type { return Err(ValidationError::UnsupportedAlgorithm); }
182
183         for dnskey in records.iter() {
184                 // Only use SHA1 DS records if we don't have any SHA256/SHA384 DS RRs.
185                 let trust_sha1 = dses.clone().all(|ds| ds.digest_type != 2 && ds.digest_type != 4);
186                 for ds in dses.clone() {
187                         if ds.alg != dnskey.alg { continue; }
188                         if dnskey.key_tag() == ds.key_tag {
189                                 let mut ctx = match ds.digest_type {
190                                         1 if trust_sha1 => crypto::hash::Hasher::sha1(),
191                                         2 => crypto::hash::Hasher::sha256(),
192                                         // TODO: 4 => crypto::hash::Hasher::sha384(),
193                                         _ => continue,
194                                 };
195                                 write_name(&mut ctx, &dnskey.name);
196                                 ctx.update(&dnskey.flags.to_be_bytes());
197                                 ctx.update(&dnskey.protocol.to_be_bytes());
198                                 ctx.update(&dnskey.alg.to_be_bytes());
199                                 ctx.update(&dnskey.pubkey);
200                                 let hash = ctx.finish();
201                                 if hash.as_ref() == &ds.digest {
202                                         validated_dnskeys.push(*dnskey);
203                                         break;
204                                 }
205                         }
206                 }
207         }
208         verify_rrsig(sig, validated_dnskeys.iter().map(|k| *k), records)
209 }
210
211 /// Given a set of [`RR`]s, [`verify_rr_stream`] checks what it can and returns the set of
212 /// non-[`RRSig`]/[`DnsKey`]/[`DS`] records which it was able to verify using this struct.
213 ///
214 /// It also contains signing and expiry times, which must be validated before considering the
215 /// contained records verified.
216 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
217 pub struct VerifiedRRStream<'a> {
218         /// The set of verified [`RR`]s.
219         ///
220         /// These are not valid unless the current UNIX time is between [`Self::valid_from`] and
221         /// [`Self::expires`].
222         pub verified_rrs: Vec<&'a RR>,
223         /// The latest [`RRSig::inception`] of all the [`RRSig`]s validated to verify
224         /// [`Self::verified_rrs`].
225         ///
226         /// Any records in [`Self::verified_rrs`] should not be considered valid unless this is before
227         /// the current UNIX time.
228         ///
229         /// While the field here is a u64, the algorithm used to identify rollovers will fail in 2133.
230         pub valid_from: u64,
231         /// The earliest [`RRSig::expiration`] of all the [`RRSig`]s validated to verify
232         /// [`Self::verified_rrs`].
233         ///
234         /// Any records in [`Self::verified_rrs`] should not be considered valid unless this is after
235         /// the current UNIX time.
236         ///
237         /// While the field here is a u64, the algorithm used to identify rollovers will fail in 2133.
238         pub expires: u64,
239         /// The minimum [`RRSig::orig_ttl`] of all the [`RRSig`]s validated to verify
240         /// [`Self::verified_rrs`].
241         ///
242         /// Any caching of [`Self::verified_rrs`] must not last longer than this value, in seconds.
243         pub max_cache_ttl: u32,
244 }
245
246 fn resolve_time(time: u32) -> u64 {
247         // RFC 2065 was published in January 1997, so we arbitrarily use that as a cutoff and assume
248         // any timestamps before then are actually past 2106 instead.
249         // We ignore leap years for simplicity.
250         if time < 60*60*24*365*27 {
251                 (time as u64) + (u32::MAX as u64)
252         } else {
253                 time.into()
254         }
255 }
256
257 /// Verifies the given set of resource records.
258 ///
259 /// Given a set of arbitrary records, this attempts to validate DNSSEC data from the [`root_hints`]
260 /// through to any supported non-DNSSEC record types.
261 ///
262 /// All records which could be validated are returned, though if an error is found validating any
263 /// contained record, only `Err` will be returned.
264 ///
265 /// You MUST check that the current UNIX time is between [`VerifiedRRStream::valid_from`] and
266 /// [`VerifiedRRStream::expires`].
267 pub fn verify_rr_stream<'a>(inp: &'a [RR]) -> Result<VerifiedRRStream<'a>, ValidationError> {
268         let mut zone = ".";
269         let mut res = Vec::new();
270         let mut pending_ds_sets = Vec::with_capacity(1);
271         let mut latest_inception = 0;
272         let mut earliest_expiry = u64::MAX;
273         let mut min_ttl = u32::MAX;
274         'next_zone: while zone == "." || !pending_ds_sets.is_empty() {
275                 let mut found_unsupported_alg = false;
276                 let next_ds_set;
277                 if let Some((next_zone, ds_set)) = pending_ds_sets.pop() {
278                         next_ds_set = Some(ds_set);
279                         zone = next_zone;
280                 } else {
281                         debug_assert_eq!(zone, ".");
282                         next_ds_set = None;
283                 }
284
285                 for rrsig in inp.iter()
286                         .filter_map(|rr| if let RR::RRSig(sig) = rr { Some(sig) } else { None })
287                         .filter(|rrsig| rrsig.name.as_str() == zone && rrsig.ty == DnsKey::TYPE)
288                 {
289                         let dnskeys = inp.iter()
290                                 .filter_map(|rr| if let RR::DnsKey(dnskey) = rr { Some(dnskey) } else { None })
291                                 .filter(move |dnskey| dnskey.name.as_str() == zone);
292                         let dnskeys_verified = if zone == "." {
293                                 verify_dnskey_rrsig(rrsig, &root_hints(), dnskeys.clone().collect())
294                         } else {
295                                 debug_assert!(next_ds_set.is_some());
296                                 if next_ds_set.is_none() { break 'next_zone; }
297                                 verify_dnskey_rrsig(rrsig, next_ds_set.clone().unwrap(), dnskeys.clone().collect())
298                         };
299                         if dnskeys_verified.is_ok() {
300                                 latest_inception = cmp::max(latest_inception, resolve_time(rrsig.inception));
301                                 earliest_expiry = cmp::min(earliest_expiry, resolve_time(rrsig.expiration));
302                                 min_ttl = cmp::min(min_ttl, rrsig.orig_ttl);
303                                 for rrsig in inp.iter()
304                                         .filter_map(|rr| if let RR::RRSig(sig) = rr { Some(sig) } else { None })
305                                         .filter(move |rrsig| rrsig.key_name.as_str() == zone && rrsig.ty != DnsKey::TYPE)
306                                 {
307                                         if !rrsig.name.ends_with(zone) { return Err(ValidationError::Invalid); }
308                                         let signed_records = inp.iter()
309                                                 .filter(|rr| rr.name() == &rrsig.name && rr.ty() == rrsig.ty);
310                                         verify_rrsig(rrsig, dnskeys.clone(), signed_records.clone().collect())?;
311                                         latest_inception = cmp::max(latest_inception, resolve_time(rrsig.inception));
312                                         earliest_expiry = cmp::min(earliest_expiry, resolve_time(rrsig.expiration));
313                                         min_ttl = cmp::min(min_ttl, rrsig.orig_ttl);
314                                         match rrsig.ty {
315                                                 // RRSigs shouldn't cover child `DnsKey`s or other `RRSig`s
316                                                 RRSig::TYPE|DnsKey::TYPE => return Err(ValidationError::Invalid),
317                                                 DS::TYPE => {
318                                                         if !pending_ds_sets.iter().any(|(pending_zone, _)| pending_zone == &rrsig.name.as_str()) {
319                                                                 pending_ds_sets.push((
320                                                                         &rrsig.name,
321                                                                         signed_records.filter_map(|rr|
322                                                                                 if let RR::DS(ds) = rr { Some(ds) }
323                                                                                 else { debug_assert!(false, "We already filtered by type"); None })
324                                                                 ));
325                                                         }
326                                                 },
327                                                 _ => {
328                                                         for record in signed_records {
329                                                                 if !res.contains(&record) { res.push(record); }
330                                                         }
331                                                 },
332                                         }
333                                 }
334                                 continue 'next_zone;
335                         } else if dnskeys_verified == Err(ValidationError::UnsupportedAlgorithm) {
336                                 // There may be redundant signatures by different keys, where one we don't supprt
337                                 // and another we do. Ignore ones we don't support, but if there are no more,
338                                 // return UnsupportedAlgorithm
339                                 found_unsupported_alg = true;
340                         } else {
341                                 // We don't explicitly handle invalid signatures here, instead we move on to the
342                                 // next RRSig (if there is one) and return `Invalid` if no `RRSig`s match.
343                         }
344                 }
345                 // No RRSigs were able to verify our DnsKey set
346                 if found_unsupported_alg {
347                         return Err(ValidationError::UnsupportedAlgorithm);
348                 } else {
349                         return Err(ValidationError::Invalid);
350                 }
351         }
352         if res.is_empty() { Err(ValidationError::Invalid) }
353         else if latest_inception >= earliest_expiry { Err(ValidationError::Invalid) }
354         else {
355                 Ok(VerifiedRRStream {
356                         verified_rrs: res, valid_from: latest_inception, expires: earliest_expiry,
357                         max_cache_ttl: min_ttl,
358                 })
359         }
360 }
361
362 impl<'a> VerifiedRRStream<'a> {
363         /// Given a name, resolve any [`CName`] records and return any verified records which were
364         /// pointed to by the original name.
365         ///
366         /// Note that because of [`CName`]s, the [`RR::name`] in the returned records may or may not be
367         /// equal to `name`.
368         ///
369         /// You MUST still check that the current UNIX time is between
370         /// [`VerifiedRRStream::valid_from`] and [`VerifiedRRStream::expires`] before
371         /// using any records returned here.
372         pub fn resolve_name<'b>(&self, name_param: &'b Name) -> Vec<&'a RR> where 'a: 'b {
373                 let mut dname_name;
374                 let mut name = name_param;
375                 loop {
376                         let mut cname_search = self.verified_rrs.iter()
377                                 .filter(|rr| rr.name() == name)
378                                 .filter_map(|rr| if let RR::CName(cn) = rr { Some(cn) } else { None });
379                         if let Some(cname) = cname_search.next() {
380                                 name = &cname.canonical_name;
381                                 continue;
382                         }
383
384                         let mut dname_search = self.verified_rrs.iter()
385                                 .filter(|rr| name.ends_with(&**rr.name()))
386                                 .filter_map(|rr| if let RR::DName(dn) = rr { Some(dn) } else { None });
387                         if let Some(dname) = dname_search.next() {
388                                 let prefix = name.strip_suffix(&*dname.name).expect("We just filtered for this");
389                                 let resolved_name = prefix.to_owned() + &dname.delegation_name;
390                                 dname_name = if let Ok(name) = resolved_name.try_into() {
391                                         name
392                                 } else {
393                                         // This should only happen if the combined name ended up being too long
394                                         return Vec::new();
395                                 };
396                                 name = &dname_name;
397                                 continue;
398                         }
399
400                         return self.verified_rrs.iter().filter(|rr| rr.name() == name).map(|rr| *rr).collect();
401                 }
402         }
403 }
404
405 #[cfg(test)]
406 mod tests {
407         #![allow(deprecated)]
408
409         use super::*;
410
411         use alloc::borrow::ToOwned;
412
413         use crate::ser::{parse_rr_stream, write_rr};
414
415         use hex_conservative::FromHex;
416         use rand::seq::SliceRandom;
417
418         fn root_dnskey() -> (Vec<DnsKey>, Vec<RR>) {
419                 let dnskeys = vec![DnsKey {
420                         name: ".".try_into().unwrap(), flags: 256, protocol: 3, alg: 8,
421                         pubkey: base64::decode("AwEAAentCcIEndLh2QSK+pHFq/PkKCwioxt75d7qNOUuTPMo0Fcte/NbwDPbocvbZ/eNb5RV/xQdapaJASQ/oDLsqzD0H1+JkHNuuKc2JLtpMxg4glSE4CnRXT2CnFTW5IwOREL+zeqZHy68OXy5ngW5KALbevRYRg/q2qFezRtCSQ0knmyPwgFsghVYLKwi116oxwEU5yZ6W7npWMxt5Z+Qs8diPNWrS5aXLgJtrWUGIIuFfuZwXYziGRP/z3o1EfMo9zZU19KLopkoLXX7Ls/diCXdSEdJXTtFA8w0/OKQviuJebfKscoElCTswukVZ1VX5gbaFEo2xWhHJ9Uo63wYaTk=").unwrap(),
422                 }, DnsKey {
423                         name: ".".try_into().unwrap(), flags: 257, protocol: 3, alg: 8,
424                         pubkey: base64::decode("AwEAAaz/tAm8yTn4Mfeh5eyI96WSVexTBAvkMgJzkKTOiW1vkIbzxeF3+/4RgWOq7HrxRixHlFlExOLAJr5emLvN7SWXgnLh4+B5xQlNVz8Og8kvArMtNROxVQuCaSnIDdD5LKyWbRd2n9WGe2R8PzgCmr3EgVLrjyBxWezF0jLHwVN8efS3rCj/EWgvIWgb9tarpVUDK/b58Da+sqqls3eNbuv7pr+eoZG+SrDK6nWeL3c6H5Apxz7LjVc1uTIdsIXxuOLYA4/ilBmSVIzuDWfdRUfhHdY6+cn8HFRm+2hM8AnXGXws9555KrUB5qihylGa8subX2Nn6UwNR1AkUTV74bU=").unwrap(),
425                 }];
426                 let dnskey_rrsig = RRSig {
427                         name: ".".try_into().unwrap(), ty: DnsKey::TYPE, alg: 8, labels: 0, orig_ttl: 172800,
428                         expiration: 1710201600, inception: 1708387200, key_tag: 20326, key_name: ".".try_into().unwrap(),
429                         signature: base64::decode("GIgwndRLXgt7GX/JNEqSvpYw5ij6EgeQivdC/hmNNuOd2MCQRSxZx2DdLZUoK0tmn2XmOd0vYP06DgkIMUpIXcBstw/Um55WQhvBkBTPIhuB3UvKYJstmq+8hFHWVJwKHTg9xu38JA43VgCV2AbzurbzNOLSgq+rDPelRXzpLr5aYE3y+EuvL+I5gusm4MMajnp5S+ioWOL+yWOnQE6XKoDmlrfcTrYfRSxRtJewPmGeCbNdwEUBOoLUVdkCjQG4uFykcKL40cY8EOhVmM3kXAyuPuNe2Xz1QrIcVad/U4FDns+hd8+W+sWnr8QAtIUFT5pBjXooGS02m6eMdSeU6g==").unwrap(),
430                 };
431                 let root_hints = root_hints();
432                 verify_dnskey_rrsig(&dnskey_rrsig, &root_hints, dnskeys.iter().collect()).unwrap();
433                 let rrs = vec![dnskeys[0].clone().into(), dnskeys[1].clone().into(), dnskey_rrsig.into()];
434                 (dnskeys, rrs)
435         }
436
437         fn com_dnskey() -> (Vec<DnsKey>, Vec<RR>) {
438                 let root_dnskeys = root_dnskey().0;
439                 let mut com_ds = vec![DS {
440                         name: "com.".try_into().unwrap(), key_tag: 19718, alg: 13, digest_type: 2,
441                         digest: Vec::from_hex("8ACBB0CD28F41250A80A491389424D341522D946B0DA0C0291F2D3D771D7805A").unwrap(),
442                 }];
443                 let ds_rrsig = RRSig {
444                         name: "com.".try_into().unwrap(), ty: DS::TYPE, alg: 8, labels: 1, orig_ttl: 86400,
445                         expiration: 1710133200, inception: 1709006400, key_tag: 30903, key_name: ".".try_into().unwrap(),
446                         signature: base64::decode("WEf7UPqoulxab83nVy/518TpZcC3og0paZ7Lag5iOqGdmGvZnB0yQ42s25iqB/mL6ZU+sSUwYoclcW36Tv/yHgS813T2wOgQ4Jh01aCsjkjvpgpbtnDTxg8bL30LV1obhQhOBFu5SqD4FOMeaV9Fqcff7Z72vC1UdVy0us2Kbhti3uQYrKQlGYcDMlgQAyOE0WEaLT74YfKFTpZvIK0UfUfdUAAiM0Z6PUi7BoyToIN+eKKPvny/+4BP9iVvAOmPMgr+kq/qIWOdsvUaq/S+k7VEPTJEi+i2gODgbMC+3EZZpZie9kv1EEAwGwBtGjE7bLlA1QUbuVeTgczIzrYriQ==").unwrap(),
447                 };
448                 verify_rrsig(&ds_rrsig, &root_dnskeys, com_ds.iter().collect()).unwrap();
449                 let dnskeys = vec![DnsKey {
450                         name: "com.".try_into().unwrap(), flags: 256, protocol: 3, alg: 13,
451                         pubkey: base64::decode("5i9qjJgyH+9MBz7VO269/srLQB/xRRllyUoVq8oLBZshPe4CGzDSFGnXAM3L/QPzB9ULpJuuy7jcxmBZ5Ebo7A==").unwrap(),
452                 }, DnsKey {
453                         name: "com.".try_into().unwrap(), flags: 257, protocol: 3, alg: 13,
454                         pubkey: base64::decode("tx8EZRAd2+K/DJRV0S+hbBzaRPS/G6JVNBitHzqpsGlz8huE61Ms9ANe6NSDLKJtiTBqfTJWDAywEp1FCsEINQ==").unwrap(),
455                 }];
456                 let dnskey_rrsig = RRSig {
457                         name: "com.".try_into().unwrap(), ty: DnsKey::TYPE, alg: 13, labels: 1, orig_ttl: 86400,
458                         expiration: 1710342155, inception: 1709045855, key_tag: 19718, key_name: "com.".try_into().unwrap(),
459                         signature: base64::decode("lF2B9nXZn0CgytrHH6xB0NTva4G/aWvg/ypnSxJ8+ZXlvR0C4974yB+nd2ZWzWMICs/oPYMKoQHqxVjnGyu8nA==").unwrap(),
460                 };
461                 verify_dnskey_rrsig(&dnskey_rrsig, &com_ds, dnskeys.iter().collect()).unwrap();
462                 let rrs = vec![com_ds.pop().unwrap().into(), ds_rrsig.into(),
463                         dnskeys[0].clone().into(), dnskeys[1].clone().into(), dnskey_rrsig.into()];
464                 (dnskeys, rrs)
465         }
466
467         fn ninja_dnskey() -> (Vec<DnsKey>, Vec<RR>) {
468                 let root_dnskeys = root_dnskey().0;
469                 let mut ninja_ds = vec![DS {
470                         name: "ninja.".try_into().unwrap(), key_tag: 46082, alg: 8, digest_type: 2,
471                         digest: Vec::from_hex("C8F816A7A575BDB2F997F682AAB2653BA2CB5EDDB69B036A30742A33BEFAF141").unwrap(),
472                 }];
473                 let ds_rrsig = RRSig {
474                         name: "ninja.".try_into().unwrap(), ty: DS::TYPE, alg: 8, labels: 1, orig_ttl: 86400,
475                         expiration: 1710133200, inception: 1709006400, key_tag: 30903, key_name: ".".try_into().unwrap(),
476                         signature: base64::decode("4fLiekxJy1tHW3sMzmPA/i4Mn6TYoCHDKbcvk3t3N6IXMkACSgU+6P5NxSMxo5Xa7YL5UuE1ICDKxel5o5WzyvjaRQA//hZomjwnCzqyG2XoS6Va8cULSOA5jOU153NSCvos39iHeJnuPINzbMAfsKcg6Ib/IDmNnpouQF53hQzVy+5MGLlGPUZjSO6b4GIslyKpLG0tBLKXM5rZXREPJClEY+LWKOtAS1iARqdsWmSnKxZCpgnEjmkqJBtjCus+s6AtMteBHIFyebwA7oUDNtJ3Im1dO5b6sUoGP8gUgnqdFELSLEeEhKYKpO+jSruI8g/gjNIb5C9vDwAtcSoAew==").unwrap(),
477                 };
478                 verify_rrsig(&ds_rrsig, &root_dnskeys, ninja_ds.iter().collect()).unwrap();
479                 let dnskeys = vec![DnsKey {
480                         name: "ninja.".try_into().unwrap(), flags: 256, protocol: 3, alg: 8,
481                         pubkey: base64::decode("AwEAAb6FWe0O0qxUkA+LghF71OPWt0WNqBaCi34HCV6Agjz70RN/j7yGi3xCExM8MkzyrbXd5yYFP4X7TCGEzI5ofLNq7GVIj9laZO0WYS8DNdCMN7qkVVaYeR2UeeGsdvIJqRWzlynABAKnCzX+y5np77FBsle4cAIGxJE/0F5kn61F").unwrap(),
482                 }, DnsKey {
483                         name: "ninja.".try_into().unwrap(), flags: 256, protocol: 3, alg: 8,
484                         pubkey: base64::decode("AwEAAZlkeshgX2Q9i/X4zZMc2ciKO2a3+mOiOCuYHYbwt/43XXdcHdjtOUrWFFJkGBBWsHQZ/Bg0CeUGqvUGywd3ndY5IAX+e7PnuIUlhKDcNmntcQbxhrH+cpmOoB3Xo/96JoVjurPxTuJE23I1oA+0aESc581f4pKEbTp4WI7m5xNn").unwrap(),
485                 }, DnsKey {
486                         name: "ninja.".try_into().unwrap(), flags: 257, protocol: 3, alg: 8,
487                         pubkey: base64::decode("AwEAAcceTJ3Ekkmiez70L8uNVrTDrHZxXHrQHEHQ1DJZDRXDxizuSy0prDXy1yybMqcKAkPL0IruvJ9vHg5j2eHN/hM8RVqCQ1wHgLdQASyUL37VtmLuyNmuiFpYmT+njXVh/tzRHZ4cFxrLAtACWDe6YaPApnVkJ0FEcMnKCQaymBaLX02WQOYuG3XdBr5mQQTtMs/kR/oh83QBcSxyCg3KS7G8IPP6MQPK0za94gsW9zlI5rgN2gpSjbU2qViGjDhw7N3PsC37PLTSLirUmkufeMkP9sfhDjAbP7Nv6FmpTDAIRmBmV0HBT/YNBTUBP89DmEDsrYL8knjkrOaLqV5wgkk=").unwrap(),
488                 }];
489                 let dnskey_rrsig = RRSig {
490                         name: "ninja.".try_into().unwrap(), ty: DnsKey::TYPE, alg: 8, labels: 1, orig_ttl: 3600,
491                         expiration: 1710689605, inception: 1708871605, key_tag: 46082, key_name: "ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
492                         signature: base64::decode("kYxV1z+9Ikxqbr13N+8HFWWnAUcvHkr/dmkdf21mliUhH4cxeYCXC6a95X+YzjYQEQi3fU+S346QBDJkbFYCca5q/TzUdE7ej1B/0uTzhgNrQznm0O6sg6DI3HuqDfZp2oaBQm2C/H4vjkcUW9zxgKP8ON0KKLrZUuYelGazeGSOscjDDlmuNMD7tHhFrmK9BiiX+8sp8Cl+IE5ArP+CPXsII+P+R2QTmTqw5ovJch2FLRMRqCliEzTR/IswBI3FfegZR8h9xJ0gfyD2rDqf6lwJhD1K0aS5wxia+bgzpRIKwiGfP87GDYzkygHr83QbmZS2YG1nxlnQ2rgkqTGgXA==").unwrap(),
493                 };
494                 verify_dnskey_rrsig(&dnskey_rrsig, &ninja_ds, dnskeys.iter().collect()).unwrap();
495                 let rrs = vec![ninja_ds.pop().unwrap().into(), ds_rrsig.into(),
496                         dnskeys[0].clone().into(), dnskeys[1].clone().into(), dnskeys[2].clone().into(),
497                         dnskey_rrsig.into()];
498                 (dnskeys, rrs)
499         }
500
501         fn mattcorallo_dnskey() -> (Vec<DnsKey>, Vec<RR>) {
502                 let com_dnskeys = com_dnskey().0;
503                 let mut mattcorallo_ds = vec![DS {
504                         name: "mattcorallo.com.".try_into().unwrap(), key_tag: 25630, alg: 13, digest_type: 2,
505                         digest: Vec::from_hex("DC608CA62BE89B3B9DB1593F9A59930D24FBA79D486E19C88A7792711EC00735").unwrap(),
506                 }];
507                 let ds_rrsig = RRSig {
508                         name: "mattcorallo.com.".try_into().unwrap(), ty: DS::TYPE, alg: 13, labels: 2, orig_ttl: 86400,
509                         expiration: 1709359258, inception: 1708750258, key_tag: 4534, key_name: "com.".try_into().unwrap(),
510                         signature: base64::decode("VqYztN78+g170QPeFOqWFkU1ZrKIsndUYj3Y+8x1ZR1v/YGJXLQe5qkcLWjrl/vMyCgknC3Q/dhcS2ag0a7W1w==").unwrap(),
511                 };
512                 verify_rrsig(&ds_rrsig, &com_dnskeys, mattcorallo_ds.iter().collect()).unwrap();
513                 let dnskeys = vec![DnsKey {
514                         name: "mattcorallo.com.".try_into().unwrap(), flags: 257, protocol: 3, alg: 13,
515                         pubkey: base64::decode("8BP51Etiu4V6cHvGCYqwNqCip4pvHChjEgkgG4zpdDvO9YRcTGuV/p71hAUut2/qEdxqXfUOT/082BJ/Z089DA==").unwrap(),
516                 }, DnsKey {
517                         name: "mattcorallo.com.".try_into().unwrap(), flags: 256, protocol: 3, alg: 13,
518                         pubkey: base64::decode("AhUlQ8qk7413R0m4zKfTDHb/FQRlKag+ncGXxNxT+qTzSZTb9E5IGjo9VCEp6+IMqqpkd4GrXpN9AzDvlcU9Ig==").unwrap(),
519                 }, DnsKey {
520                         name: "mattcorallo.com.".try_into().unwrap(), flags: 256, protocol: 3, alg: 13,
521                         pubkey: base64::decode("s165ZpubX31FC2CVeIVVvnPpTnJUoOM8CGt3wk4AtxPftYadgI8uFM43F4QaD67v8B8Vshl63frxN50dc44VHQ==").unwrap(),
522                 }];
523                 let dnskey_rrsig = RRSig {
524                         name: "mattcorallo.com.".try_into().unwrap(), ty: DnsKey::TYPE, alg: 13, labels: 2, orig_ttl: 604800,
525                         expiration:1710262250, inception: 1709047250, key_tag: 25630, key_name: "mattcorallo.com.".try_into().unwrap(),
526                         signature: base64::decode("dMLDvNU96m+tfgpDIQPxMBJy7T0xyZDj3Wws4b4E6+g3nt5iULdWJ8Eqrj+86KLerOVt7KH4h/YcHP18hHdMGA==").unwrap(),
527                 };
528                 verify_dnskey_rrsig(&dnskey_rrsig, &mattcorallo_ds, dnskeys.iter().collect()).unwrap();
529                 let rrs = vec![mattcorallo_ds.pop().unwrap().into(), ds_rrsig.into(),
530                         dnskeys[0].clone().into(), dnskeys[1].clone().into(), dnskeys[2].clone().into(),
531                         dnskey_rrsig.into()];
532                 (dnskeys, rrs)
533         }
534
535         fn mattcorallo_txt_record() -> (Txt, RRSig) {
536                 let txt_resp = Txt {
537                         name: "matt.user._bitcoin-payment.mattcorallo.com.".try_into().unwrap(),
538                         data: "bitcoin:?b12=lno1qsgqmqvgm96frzdg8m0gc6nzeqffvzsqzrxqy32afmr3jn9ggkwg3egfwch2hy0l6jut6vfd8vpsc3h89l6u3dm4q2d6nuamav3w27xvdmv3lpgklhg7l5teypqz9l53hj7zvuaenh34xqsz2sa967yzqkylfu9xtcd5ymcmfp32h083e805y7jfd236w9afhavqqvl8uyma7x77yun4ehe9pnhu2gekjguexmxpqjcr2j822xr7q34p078gzslf9wpwz5y57alxu99s0z2ql0kfqvwhzycqq45ehh58xnfpuek80hw6spvwrvttjrrq9pphh0dpydh06qqspp5uq4gpyt6n9mwexde44qv7lstzzq60nr40ff38u27un6y53aypmx0p4qruk2tf9mjwqlhxak4znvna5y".to_owned().into_bytes(),
539                 };
540                 let txt_rrsig = RRSig {
541                         name: "matt.user._bitcoin-payment.mattcorallo.com.".try_into().unwrap(),
542                         ty: Txt::TYPE, alg: 13, labels: 5, orig_ttl: 3600, expiration: 1710182540,
543                         inception: 1708967540, key_tag: 47959, key_name: "mattcorallo.com.".try_into().unwrap(),
544                         signature: base64::decode("vwI89CkCzWI2Iwgl3UeiSo4GKSaKCh7/E/7nE8Hbb1WQvdpwdKSB6jE4nwM1BN4wdPhi7kxd7hyS/uGiKZjxsg==").unwrap(),
545                 };
546                 (txt_resp, txt_rrsig)
547         }
548
549         fn bitcoin_ninja_dnskey() -> (Vec<DnsKey>, Vec<RR>) {
550                 let ninja_dnskeys = ninja_dnskey().0;
551                 let mut bitcoin_ninja_ds = vec![DS {
552                         name: "bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(), key_tag: 63175, alg: 13, digest_type: 2,
553                         digest: Vec::from_hex("D554267D7F730B9602BF4436F46BB967EFE3C4202CA7F082F2D5DD24DF4EBDED").unwrap(),
554                 }];
555                 let ds_rrsig = RRSig {
556                         name: "bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(), ty: DS::TYPE, alg: 8, labels: 2, orig_ttl: 3600,
557                         expiration: 1710689605, inception: 1708871605, key_tag: 34164, key_name: "ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
558                         signature: base64::decode("g/Xyv6cwrGlpEyhXDV1vdKpoy9ZH7HF6MK/41q0GyCrd9wL8BrzKQgwvLqOBhvfUWACJd66CJpEMZnSwH8ZDEcWYYsd8nY2giGX7In/zGz+PA35HlFqy2BgvQcWCaN5Ht/+BUTgZXHbJBEko1iWLZ1yhciD/wA+XTqS7ScQUu88=").unwrap(),
559                 };
560                 verify_rrsig(&ds_rrsig, &ninja_dnskeys, bitcoin_ninja_ds.iter().collect()).unwrap();
561                 let dnskeys = vec![DnsKey {
562                         name: "bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(), flags: 257, protocol: 3, alg: 13,
563                         pubkey: base64::decode("0lIZI5BH7kk75R/+1RMReQE0J2iQw0lY2aQ6eCM7F1E9ZMNcIGC1cDl5+FcAU1mP8F3Ws2FjgvCC0S2q8OBF2Q==").unwrap(),
564                 }, DnsKey {
565                         name: "bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(), flags: 256, protocol: 3, alg: 13,
566                         pubkey: base64::decode("zbm2rKgzXDtRFV0wFmnlUMdOXWcNKEjGIHsZ7bAnTzbh7TJEzPctSttCaTvdaORxLL4AiOk+VG2iXnL2UuC/xQ==").unwrap(),
567                 }];
568                 let dnskey_rrsig = RRSig {
569                         name: "bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(), ty: DnsKey::TYPE, alg: 13, labels: 2, orig_ttl: 604800,
570                         expiration: 1709947337, inception: 1708732337, key_tag: 63175, key_name: "bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
571                         signature: base64::decode("Y3To5FZoZuBDUMtIBZXqzRtufyRqOlDqbHVcoZQitXxerCgNQ1CsVdmoFVMmZqRV5n4itINX2x+9G/31j410og==").unwrap(),
572                 };
573                 verify_dnskey_rrsig(&dnskey_rrsig, &bitcoin_ninja_ds, dnskeys.iter().collect()).unwrap();
574                 let rrs = vec![bitcoin_ninja_ds.pop().unwrap().into(), ds_rrsig.into(),
575                         dnskeys[0].clone().into(), dnskeys[1].clone().into(), dnskey_rrsig.into()];
576                 (dnskeys, rrs)
577         }
578
579         fn bitcoin_ninja_txt_record() -> (Txt, RRSig) {
580                 let txt_resp = Txt {
581                         name: "txt_test.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
582                         data: "dnssec_prover_test".to_owned().into_bytes(),
583                 };
584                 let txt_rrsig = RRSig {
585                         name: "txt_test.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
586                         ty: Txt::TYPE, alg: 13, labels: 4, orig_ttl: 30, expiration: 1709950937,
587                         inception: 1708735937, key_tag: 37639, key_name: "bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
588                         signature: base64::decode("S5swe6BMTqwLBU6FH2D50j5A9i5hzli79Vlf5xB515s6YhmcqodbPZnFlN49RdBE43PKi9MJcXpHTiBxvTYBeQ==").unwrap(),
589                 };
590                 (txt_resp, txt_rrsig)
591         }
592
593         fn bitcoin_ninja_cname_record() -> (CName, RRSig) {
594                 let cname_resp = CName {
595                         name: "cname_test.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
596                         canonical_name: "txt_test.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
597                 };
598                 let cname_rrsig = RRSig {
599                         name: "cname_test.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
600                         ty: CName::TYPE, alg: 13, labels: 4, orig_ttl: 30, expiration: 1709950937,
601                         inception: 1708735937, key_tag: 37639, key_name: "bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
602                         signature: base64::decode("S8AYftjBADKutt4XKVzqfY7EpvbanpwOGhMDk0lEDFpvNRjl0fZ1k/FEW6AXSUyX2wOaX8hvwXUuZjpr5INuMw==").unwrap(),
603                 };
604                 (cname_resp, cname_rrsig)
605         }
606
607         fn bitcoin_ninja_txt_sort_edge_cases_records() -> (Vec<Txt>, RRSig) {
608                 let txts = vec![Txt {
609                         name: "txt_sort_order.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
610                         data: "aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaab".to_owned().into_bytes(),
611                 }, Txt {
612                         name: "txt_sort_order.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
613                         data: "aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa".to_owned().into_bytes(),
614                 }, Txt {
615                         name: "txt_sort_order.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
616                         data: "aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaabaa".to_owned().into_bytes(),
617                 }, Txt {
618                         name: "txt_sort_order.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
619                         data: "aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaba".to_owned().into_bytes(),
620                 }, Txt {
621                         name: "txt_sort_order.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
622                         data: "aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa".to_owned().into_bytes(),
623                 }, Txt {
624                         name: "txt_sort_order.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
625                         data: "aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaab".to_owned().into_bytes(),
626                 }, Txt {
627                         name: "txt_sort_order.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
628                         data: "aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa".to_owned().into_bytes(),
629                 }, Txt {
630                         name: "txt_sort_order.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
631                         data: "aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaba".to_owned().into_bytes(),
632                 }];
633                 let rrsig = RRSig {
634                         name: "txt_sort_order.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
635                         ty: Txt::TYPE, alg: 13, labels: 4, orig_ttl: 30, expiration: 1709950937,
636                         inception: 1708735937, key_tag: 37639, key_name: "bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
637                         signature: base64::decode("kUKbtoNYM6qnu95QJoyUwtzZoMTcRVfNfIIqSwROLdMYqqq70REjCu99ecjOW/Zm2XRsJ9KgGBB/SuiBdunLew==").unwrap(),
638                 };
639                 (txts, rrsig)
640         }
641
642         /// Note that the NSEC3 proofs here are for asdf., any other prefix may fail NSEC checks.
643         fn bitcoin_ninja_wildcard_record(pfx: &str) -> (Txt, RRSig, NSec3, RRSig) {
644                 let name: Name = (pfx.to_owned() + ".wildcard_test.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.").try_into().unwrap();
645                 let txt_resp = Txt {
646                         name: name.clone(),
647                         data: "wildcard_test".to_owned().into_bytes(),
648                 };
649                 let txt_rrsig = RRSig {
650                         name: name.clone(),
651                         ty: Txt::TYPE, alg: 13, labels: 4, orig_ttl: 30, expiration: 1709950937,
652                         inception: 1708735937, key_tag: 37639, key_name: "bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
653                         signature: base64::decode("Y+grWXzbZfrcoHRZC9kfRzWp002jZzBDmpSQx6qbUgN0x3aH9kZIOVy0CtQH2vwmLUxoJ+RlezgunNI6LciBzQ==").unwrap(),
654                 };
655                 let nsec3 = NSec3 {
656                         name: "s5sn15c8lcpo7v7f1p0ms6vlbdejt0kd.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
657                         hash_algo: 1, flags: 0, hash_iterations: 0, salt: Vec::from_hex("059855BD1077A2EB").unwrap(),
658                         next_name_hash: crate::base32::decode("T8QO5GO6M76HBR5Q6T3G6BDR79KBMDSA").unwrap(),
659                         types: NSecTypeMask::from_types(&[AAAA::TYPE, RRSig::TYPE]),
660                 };
661                 let nsec3_rrsig = RRSig {
662                         name: "s5sn15c8lcpo7v7f1p0ms6vlbdejt0kd.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
663                         ty: NSec3::TYPE, alg: 13, labels: 3, orig_ttl: 60, expiration: 1710267741,
664                         inception: 1709052741, key_tag: 37639, key_name: "bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
665                         signature: base64::decode("Aiz6My3goWQuIIw/XNUo+kICsp9e4C5XUUs/0Ap+WIEFJsaN/MPGegiR/c5GUGdtHt1GdeP9CU3H1OGkN9MpWQ==").unwrap(),
666                 };
667                 (txt_resp, txt_rrsig, nsec3, nsec3_rrsig)
668         }
669
670         fn bitcoin_ninja_cname_wildcard_record() -> (CName, RRSig, Txt, RRSig, [(NSec3, RRSig); 3]) {
671                 let cname_resp = CName {
672                         name: "asdf.cname_wildcard_test.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
673                         canonical_name: "cname.wildcard_test.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
674                 };
675                 let cname_rrsig = RRSig {
676                         name: "asdf.cname_wildcard_test.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
677                         ty: CName::TYPE, alg: 13, labels: 4, orig_ttl: 30, expiration: 1709950937,
678                         inception: 1708735937, key_tag: 37639, key_name: "bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
679                         signature: base64::decode("qR/zy8JyihI4qCAMwn7jGU6FARW/Hl8/u+cajef9raKs5aOxnZpCrp19Tot9qPG6px9PzqaghAIP1EmxfgxtRQ==").unwrap(),
680                 };
681                 let nsec3_a = NSec3 {
682                         name: "2tn37cu4ulmlqqke9a3dc9g8bt8b4f6s.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
683                         hash_algo: 1, flags: 0, hash_iterations: 0,
684                         salt: Vec::from_hex("059855BD1077A2EB").unwrap(),
685                         next_name_hash: crate::base32::decode("4OKFHSHS41D00EDL0HNPMT7R6IKMJ48H").unwrap(),
686                         types: NSecTypeMask::from_types(&[DName::TYPE, RRSig::TYPE]),
687                 };
688                 let nsec3_a_rrsig = RRSig {
689                         name: "2tn37cu4ulmlqqke9a3dc9g8bt8b4f6s.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
690                         ty: NSec3::TYPE, alg: 13, labels: 3, orig_ttl: 60, expiration: 1710266541,
691                         inception: 1709051541, key_tag: 37639, key_name: "bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
692                         signature: base64::decode("tSsPsYIf1o5+piUZX9YwcWKSZgVQOB37TRdb+VL0PmcPaLpzFGJCwU0snn8tMN/BuILG+KZY+UPmAEZZFz4Fvg==").unwrap(),
693                 };
694                 let nsec3_b = NSec3 {
695                         name: "cjqf7lfu6ev77k9m2o6iih56kbfnshin.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
696                         hash_algo: 1, flags: 0, hash_iterations: 0,
697                         salt: Vec::from_hex("059855BD1077A2EB").unwrap(),
698                         next_name_hash: crate::base32::decode("DD3MT23L63OIHQPIMA5O2NULSVIGIJ3N").unwrap(),
699                         types: NSecTypeMask::from_types(&[A::TYPE, AAAA::TYPE, RRSig::TYPE]),
700                 };
701                 let nsec3_b_rrsig = RRSig {
702                         name: "cjqf7lfu6ev77k9m2o6iih56kbfnshin.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
703                         ty: NSec3::TYPE, alg: 13, labels: 3, orig_ttl: 60, expiration: 1710238940,
704                         inception: 1709023940, key_tag: 37639, key_name: "bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
705                         signature: base64::decode("CtYriOUI6RzoIG3SigHbBYiTkrEvmSEvP+aOLo1wylqkbBT2iG7pK8VNucKETqMZCROLnmRBw8DHK/8rosKYsA==").unwrap(),
706                 };
707                 let (txt_resp, txt_rrsig, nsec3_c, nsec3_c_rrsig) = bitcoin_ninja_wildcard_record("asdf");
708                 (cname_resp, cname_rrsig, txt_resp, txt_rrsig,
709                         [(nsec3_a, nsec3_a_rrsig), (nsec3_b, nsec3_b_rrsig), (nsec3_c, nsec3_c_rrsig)])
710         }
711
712         fn bitcoin_ninja_nsec_dnskey() -> (Vec<DnsKey>, Vec<RR>) {
713                 let bitcoin_ninja_dnskeys = bitcoin_ninja_dnskey().0;
714                 let mut bitcoin_ninja_ds = vec![DS {
715                         name: "nsec_tests.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
716                         key_tag: 8036, alg: 13, digest_type: 2,
717                         digest: Vec::from_hex("8EC0DAE4501233979196EBED206212BCCC49E40E086EC2E56558EC1F6FB62715").unwrap(),
718                 }];
719                 let ds_rrsig = RRSig {
720                         name: "nsec_tests.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
721                         ty: DS::TYPE, alg: 13, labels: 4, orig_ttl: 30, expiration: 1710190967, inception: 1708975967,
722                         key_tag: 37639, key_name: "bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
723                         signature: base64::decode("qUexI1yufru0lzkND4uY1r8bsXrXnMVNjPxTLbLauRo/+YW041w9wFu4sl2/cqq3psWvGcBVTltwIdjDJQUcZQ==").unwrap(),
724                 };
725                 verify_rrsig(&ds_rrsig, &bitcoin_ninja_dnskeys, bitcoin_ninja_ds.iter().collect()).unwrap();
726                 let dnskeys = vec![DnsKey {
727                         name: "nsec_tests.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(), flags: 257, protocol: 3, alg: 13,
728                         pubkey: base64::decode("MUnIhm31ySIr9WXIBVQc38wlSHHvYaKIOFR8WYl4O9MJBlywWeUdx16oGinCe2FjjMkUkKn9kV5zzWhGmrdIbQ==").unwrap(),
729                 }, DnsKey {
730                         name: "nsec_tests.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(), flags: 256, protocol: 3, alg: 13,
731                         pubkey: base64::decode("GGZP8k44sro2iTzWKFoHOnbvrAhNiQv+Ng2hr0WNyb24aA5rLYLFac3N7B82xRU2odd60utYJkmU0yA//zyOzw==").unwrap(),
732                 }];
733                 let dnskey_rrsig = RRSig {
734                         name: "nsec_tests.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
735                         ty: DnsKey::TYPE, alg: 13, labels: 4, orig_ttl: 604800, expiration: 1710190613, inception: 1708975613,
736                         key_tag: 8036, key_name: "nsec_tests.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
737                         signature: base64::decode("nX+hkH14Kvjp26Z8x/pjYh5CQW3p9lZQQ+FVJcKHyfjAilEubpw6ihlPpb3Ddh9BbyxhCEFhXDMG2g4od9Y2ow==").unwrap(),
738                 };
739                 verify_dnskey_rrsig(&dnskey_rrsig, &bitcoin_ninja_ds, dnskeys.iter().collect()).unwrap();
740                 let rrs = vec![bitcoin_ninja_ds.pop().unwrap().into(), ds_rrsig.into(),
741                         dnskeys[0].clone().into(), dnskeys[1].clone().into(), dnskey_rrsig.into()];
742                 (dnskeys, rrs)
743         }
744
745         fn bitcoin_ninja_nsec_record() -> (Txt, RRSig) {
746                 let txt_resp = Txt {
747                         name: "a.nsec_tests.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
748                         data: "txt_a".to_owned().into_bytes(),
749                 };
750                 let txt_rrsig = RRSig {
751                         name: "a.nsec_tests.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
752                         ty: Txt::TYPE, alg: 13, labels: 5, orig_ttl: 30, expiration: 1710201091, inception: 1708986091,
753                         key_tag: 42215, key_name: "nsec_tests.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
754                         signature: base64::decode("rhDcZvSk4ngyDmMif3oBmoDMO1YoimRrvOp/ErlSaujN+OCMKocgWkssedQCx7hyLxwsFLvaaiNXCr/7ZaSe4Q==").unwrap(),
755                 };
756                 (txt_resp, txt_rrsig)
757         }
758
759         fn bitcoin_ninja_nsec_wildcard_record(pfx: &str) -> (Txt, RRSig, NSec, RRSig) {
760                 let name: Name = (pfx.to_owned() + ".wildcard_test.nsec_tests.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.").try_into().unwrap();
761                 let txt_resp = Txt {
762                         name: name.clone(),
763                         data: "wildcard_test".to_owned().into_bytes(),
764                 };
765                 let txt_rrsig = RRSig {
766                         name: name.clone(),
767                         ty: Txt::TYPE, alg: 13, labels: 5, orig_ttl: 30, expiration: 1710190613, inception: 1708975613,
768                         key_tag: 42215, key_name: "nsec_tests.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
769                         signature: base64::decode("E3+tEe5TxI8OSNP+LVHsOagjQ/9heD6a4ICYBgS8mkfRuqgFeXhz22n4f2LzssdXe1xzwayt7nROdHdqdfHDYg==").unwrap(),
770                 };
771                 let nsec = NSec {
772                         name: "*.wildcard_test.nsec_tests.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
773                         next_name: "override.wildcard_test.nsec_tests.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
774                         types: NSecTypeMask::from_types(&[Txt::TYPE, RRSig::TYPE, NSec::TYPE]),
775                 };
776                 let nsec_rrsig = RRSig {
777                         name: "*.wildcard_test.nsec_tests.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
778                         ty: NSec::TYPE, alg: 13, labels: 5, orig_ttl: 60, expiration: 1710191561, inception: 1708976561,
779                         key_tag: 42215, key_name: "nsec_tests.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
780                         signature: base64::decode("ZjQMw1dt1a61d4ls3pMkCnBiWRaMyAwn6UapRaYNtdA8cTbbqbhzJZCvc6ZBhZ90CzxCYR0h/eavowlF1j53Gg==").unwrap(),
781                 };
782                 (txt_resp, txt_rrsig, nsec, nsec_rrsig)
783         }
784
785         fn bitcoin_ninja_nsec_post_override_wildcard_record(pfx: &str) -> (Txt, RRSig, NSec, RRSig) {
786                 let name: Name = (pfx.to_owned() + ".wildcard_test.nsec_tests.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.").try_into().unwrap();
787                 let txt_resp = Txt {
788                         name: name.clone(),
789                         data: "wildcard_test".to_owned().into_bytes(),
790                 };
791                 let txt_rrsig = RRSig {
792                         name: name.clone(),
793                         ty: Txt::TYPE, alg: 13, labels: 5, orig_ttl: 30, expiration: 1710190613, inception: 1708975613,
794                         key_tag: 42215, key_name: "nsec_tests.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
795                         signature: base64::decode("E3+tEe5TxI8OSNP+LVHsOagjQ/9heD6a4ICYBgS8mkfRuqgFeXhz22n4f2LzssdXe1xzwayt7nROdHdqdfHDYg==").unwrap(),
796                 };
797                 let nsec = NSec {
798                         name: "override.wildcard_test.nsec_tests.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
799                         next_name: "nsec_tests.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
800                         types: NSecTypeMask::from_types(&[Txt::TYPE, RRSig::TYPE, NSec::TYPE]),
801                 };
802                 let nsec_rrsig = RRSig {
803                         name: "override.wildcard_test.nsec_tests.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
804                         ty: NSec::TYPE, alg: 13, labels: 6, orig_ttl: 60, expiration: 1710201063, inception: 1708986063,
805                         key_tag: 42215, key_name: "nsec_tests.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap(),
806                         signature: base64::decode("pBNXnNPR0fiGEtkm/0PlnDW830JWv8KgnyhnOit6wLHtiWoLhMiS48utji3FbTfelCnePjbLh/t7SF941O2QTA==").unwrap(),
807                 };
808                 (txt_resp, txt_rrsig, nsec, nsec_rrsig)
809         }
810
811         #[test]
812         fn check_txt_record_a() {
813                 let dnskeys = mattcorallo_dnskey().0;
814                 let (txt, txt_rrsig) = mattcorallo_txt_record();
815                 let txt_resp = [txt];
816                 verify_rrsig(&txt_rrsig, &dnskeys, txt_resp.iter().collect()).unwrap();
817         }
818
819         #[test]
820         fn check_single_txt_proof() {
821                 let mut rr_stream = Vec::new();
822                 for rr in root_dnskey().1 { write_rr(&rr, 1, &mut rr_stream); }
823                 for rr in com_dnskey().1 { write_rr(&rr, 1, &mut rr_stream); }
824                 for rr in mattcorallo_dnskey().1 { write_rr(&rr, 1, &mut rr_stream); }
825                 let (txt, txt_rrsig) = mattcorallo_txt_record();
826                 for rr in [RR::Txt(txt), RR::RRSig(txt_rrsig)] { write_rr(&rr, 1, &mut rr_stream); }
827
828                 let mut rrs = parse_rr_stream(&rr_stream).unwrap();
829                 rrs.shuffle(&mut rand::rngs::OsRng);
830                 let verified_rrs = verify_rr_stream(&rrs).unwrap();
831                 assert_eq!(verified_rrs.verified_rrs.len(), 1);
832                 if let RR::Txt(txt) = &verified_rrs.verified_rrs[0] {
833                         assert_eq!(txt.name.as_str(), "matt.user._bitcoin-payment.mattcorallo.com.");
834                         assert_eq!(txt.data, b"bitcoin:?b12=lno1qsgqmqvgm96frzdg8m0gc6nzeqffvzsqzrxqy32afmr3jn9ggkwg3egfwch2hy0l6jut6vfd8vpsc3h89l6u3dm4q2d6nuamav3w27xvdmv3lpgklhg7l5teypqz9l53hj7zvuaenh34xqsz2sa967yzqkylfu9xtcd5ymcmfp32h083e805y7jfd236w9afhavqqvl8uyma7x77yun4ehe9pnhu2gekjguexmxpqjcr2j822xr7q34p078gzslf9wpwz5y57alxu99s0z2ql0kfqvwhzycqq45ehh58xnfpuek80hw6spvwrvttjrrq9pphh0dpydh06qqspp5uq4gpyt6n9mwexde44qv7lstzzq60nr40ff38u27un6y53aypmx0p4qruk2tf9mjwqlhxak4znvna5y");
835                 } else { panic!(); }
836                 assert_eq!(verified_rrs.valid_from, 1709047250); // The mattcorallo.com. DNSKEY RRSig was created last
837                 assert_eq!(verified_rrs.expires, 1709359258); // The mattcorallo.com. DS RRSig expires first
838                 assert_eq!(verified_rrs.max_cache_ttl, 3600); // The TXT record had the shortest TTL
839         }
840
841         #[test]
842         fn check_txt_record_b() {
843                 let dnskeys = bitcoin_ninja_dnskey().0;
844                 let (txt, txt_rrsig) = bitcoin_ninja_txt_record();
845                 let txt_resp = [txt];
846                 verify_rrsig(&txt_rrsig, &dnskeys, txt_resp.iter().collect()).unwrap();
847         }
848
849         #[test]
850         fn check_cname_record() {
851                 let dnskeys = bitcoin_ninja_dnskey().0;
852                 let (cname, cname_rrsig) = bitcoin_ninja_cname_record();
853                 let cname_resp = [cname];
854                 verify_rrsig(&cname_rrsig, &dnskeys, cname_resp.iter().collect()).unwrap();
855         }
856
857         #[test]
858         fn check_multi_zone_proof() {
859                 let mut rr_stream = Vec::new();
860                 for rr in root_dnskey().1 { write_rr(&rr, 1, &mut rr_stream); }
861                 for rr in com_dnskey().1 { write_rr(&rr, 1, &mut rr_stream); }
862                 for rr in ninja_dnskey().1 { write_rr(&rr, 1, &mut rr_stream); }
863                 for rr in mattcorallo_dnskey().1 { write_rr(&rr, 1, &mut rr_stream); }
864                 let (txt, txt_rrsig) = mattcorallo_txt_record();
865                 for rr in [RR::Txt(txt), RR::RRSig(txt_rrsig)] { write_rr(&rr, 1, &mut rr_stream); }
866                 for rr in bitcoin_ninja_dnskey().1 { write_rr(&rr, 1, &mut rr_stream); }
867                 let (txt, txt_rrsig) = bitcoin_ninja_txt_record();
868                 for rr in [RR::Txt(txt), RR::RRSig(txt_rrsig)] { write_rr(&rr, 1, &mut rr_stream); }
869                 let (cname, cname_rrsig) = bitcoin_ninja_cname_record();
870                 for rr in [RR::CName(cname), RR::RRSig(cname_rrsig)] { write_rr(&rr, 1, &mut rr_stream); }
871
872                 let mut rrs = parse_rr_stream(&rr_stream).unwrap();
873                 rrs.shuffle(&mut rand::rngs::OsRng);
874                 let mut verified_rrs = verify_rr_stream(&rrs).unwrap();
875                 verified_rrs.verified_rrs.sort();
876                 assert_eq!(verified_rrs.verified_rrs.len(), 3);
877                 if let RR::Txt(txt) = &verified_rrs.verified_rrs[0] {
878                         assert_eq!(txt.name.as_str(), "matt.user._bitcoin-payment.mattcorallo.com.");
879                         assert_eq!(txt.data, b"bitcoin:?b12=lno1qsgqmqvgm96frzdg8m0gc6nzeqffvzsqzrxqy32afmr3jn9ggkwg3egfwch2hy0l6jut6vfd8vpsc3h89l6u3dm4q2d6nuamav3w27xvdmv3lpgklhg7l5teypqz9l53hj7zvuaenh34xqsz2sa967yzqkylfu9xtcd5ymcmfp32h083e805y7jfd236w9afhavqqvl8uyma7x77yun4ehe9pnhu2gekjguexmxpqjcr2j822xr7q34p078gzslf9wpwz5y57alxu99s0z2ql0kfqvwhzycqq45ehh58xnfpuek80hw6spvwrvttjrrq9pphh0dpydh06qqspp5uq4gpyt6n9mwexde44qv7lstzzq60nr40ff38u27un6y53aypmx0p4qruk2tf9mjwqlhxak4znvna5y");
880                 } else { panic!(); }
881                 if let RR::Txt(txt) = &verified_rrs.verified_rrs[1] {
882                         assert_eq!(txt.name.as_str(), "txt_test.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.");
883                         assert_eq!(txt.data, b"dnssec_prover_test");
884                 } else { panic!(); }
885                 if let RR::CName(cname) = &verified_rrs.verified_rrs[2] {
886                         assert_eq!(cname.name.as_str(), "cname_test.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.");
887                         assert_eq!(cname.canonical_name.as_str(), "txt_test.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.");
888                 } else { panic!(); }
889
890                 let filtered_rrs =
891                         verified_rrs.resolve_name(&"cname_test.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap());
892                 assert_eq!(filtered_rrs.len(), 1);
893                 if let RR::Txt(txt) = &filtered_rrs[0] {
894                         assert_eq!(txt.name.as_str(), "txt_test.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.");
895                         assert_eq!(txt.data, b"dnssec_prover_test");
896                 } else { panic!(); }
897         }
898
899         #[test]
900         fn check_wildcard_record() {
901                 // Wildcard proof works for any name, even multiple names
902                 let dnskeys = bitcoin_ninja_dnskey().0;
903                 let (txt, txt_rrsig, _, _) = bitcoin_ninja_wildcard_record("name");
904                 let txt_resp = [txt];
905                 verify_rrsig(&txt_rrsig, &dnskeys, txt_resp.iter().collect()).unwrap();
906
907                 let (txt, txt_rrsig, _, _) = bitcoin_ninja_wildcard_record("anoter_name");
908                 let txt_resp = [txt];
909                 verify_rrsig(&txt_rrsig, &dnskeys, txt_resp.iter().collect()).unwrap();
910
911                 let (txt, txt_rrsig, _, _) = bitcoin_ninja_wildcard_record("multiple.names");
912                 let txt_resp = [txt];
913                 verify_rrsig(&txt_rrsig, &dnskeys, txt_resp.iter().collect()).unwrap();
914         }
915
916         #[test]
917         fn check_wildcard_proof() {
918                 let mut rr_stream = Vec::new();
919                 for rr in root_dnskey().1 { write_rr(&rr, 1, &mut rr_stream); }
920                 for rr in ninja_dnskey().1 { write_rr(&rr, 1, &mut rr_stream); }
921                 for rr in bitcoin_ninja_dnskey().1 { write_rr(&rr, 1, &mut rr_stream); }
922                 let (cname, cname_rrsig, txt, txt_rrsig, nsec3s) = bitcoin_ninja_cname_wildcard_record();
923                 for rr in [RR::CName(cname), RR::RRSig(cname_rrsig)] { write_rr(&rr, 1, &mut rr_stream); }
924                 for rr in [RR::Txt(txt), RR::RRSig(txt_rrsig)] { write_rr(&rr, 1, &mut rr_stream); }
925                 for (rra, rrb) in nsec3s { write_rr(&rra, 1, &mut rr_stream); write_rr(&rrb, 1, &mut rr_stream); }
926
927                 let mut rrs = parse_rr_stream(&rr_stream).unwrap();
928                 rrs.shuffle(&mut rand::rngs::OsRng);
929                 let mut verified_rrs = verify_rr_stream(&rrs).unwrap();
930                 verified_rrs.verified_rrs.sort();
931                 assert_eq!(verified_rrs.verified_rrs.len(), 5);
932                 if let RR::Txt(txt) = &verified_rrs.verified_rrs[0] {
933                         assert_eq!(txt.name.as_str(), "asdf.wildcard_test.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.");
934                         assert_eq!(txt.data, b"wildcard_test");
935                 } else { panic!(); }
936                 if let RR::CName(cname) = &verified_rrs.verified_rrs[1] {
937                         assert_eq!(cname.name.as_str(), "asdf.cname_wildcard_test.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.");
938                         assert_eq!(cname.canonical_name.as_str(), "cname.wildcard_test.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.");
939                 } else { panic!(); }
940
941                 let filtered_rrs =
942                         verified_rrs.resolve_name(&"asdf.wildcard_test.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.".try_into().unwrap());
943                 assert_eq!(filtered_rrs.len(), 1);
944                 if let RR::Txt(txt) = &filtered_rrs[0] {
945                         assert_eq!(txt.name.as_str(), "asdf.wildcard_test.dnssec_proof_tests.bitcoin.ninja.");
946                         assert_eq!(txt.data, b"wildcard_test");
947                 } else { panic!(); }
948         }
949
950         #[test]
951         fn check_txt_sort_order() {
952                 let mut rr_stream = Vec::new();
953                 for rr in root_dnskey().1 { write_rr(&rr, 1, &mut rr_stream); }
954                 for rr in ninja_dnskey().1 { write_rr(&rr, 1, &mut rr_stream); }
955                 for rr in bitcoin_ninja_dnskey().1 { write_rr(&rr, 1, &mut rr_stream); }
956                 let (mut txts, rrsig) = bitcoin_ninja_txt_sort_edge_cases_records();
957                 write_rr(&rrsig, 1, &mut rr_stream);
958                 for txt in txts.iter() { write_rr(txt, 1, &mut rr_stream); }
959
960                 let mut rrs = parse_rr_stream(&rr_stream).unwrap();
961                 rrs.shuffle(&mut rand::rngs::OsRng);
962                 let verified_rrs = verify_rr_stream(&rrs).unwrap();
963                 let mut verified_txts = verified_rrs.verified_rrs
964                         .iter().map(|rr| if let RR::Txt(txt) = rr { txt.clone() } else { panic!(); })
965                         .collect::<Vec<_>>();
966                 verified_txts.sort();
967                 txts.sort();
968                 assert_eq!(verified_txts, txts);
969         }
970
971         #[test]
972         fn rfc9102_parse_test() {
973                 // Note that this is the `AuthenticationChain` field only, and ignores the
974                 // `ExtSupportLifetime` field (stripping the top two 0 bytes from the front).
975 let rfc9102_test_vector = Vec::from_hex("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").unwrap();
976
977                 let mut rrs = parse_rr_stream(&rfc9102_test_vector).unwrap();
978                 rrs.shuffle(&mut rand::rngs::OsRng);
979                 let verified_rrs = verify_rr_stream(&rrs).unwrap();
980                 assert_eq!(verified_rrs.verified_rrs.len(), 1);
981                 if let RR::TLSA(tlsa) = &verified_rrs.verified_rrs[0] {
982                         assert_eq!(tlsa.cert_usage, 3);
983                         assert_eq!(tlsa.selector, 1);
984                         assert_eq!(tlsa.data_ty, 1);
985                         assert_eq!(tlsa.data, Vec::from_hex("8bd1da95272f7fa4ffb24137fc0ed03aae67e5c4d8b3c50734e1050a7920b922").unwrap());
986                 } else { panic!(); }
987         }
988 }