_ Git - youtube-dl/blob - youtube_dl/extractor/youtube.py

   1 # coding: utf-8
   2
   3 import collections
   4 import errno
   5 import io
   6 import itertools
   7 import json
   8 import os.path
   9 import re
  10 import string
  11 import struct
  12 import traceback
  13 import zlib
  14
  15 from .common import InfoExtractor, SearchInfoExtractor
  16 from .subtitles import SubtitlesInfoExtractor
  17 from ..utils import (
  18     compat_chr,
  19     compat_parse_qs,
  20     compat_urllib_parse,
  21     compat_urllib_request,
  22     compat_urlparse,
  23     compat_str,
  24
  25     clean_html,
  26     get_cachedir,
  27     get_element_by_id,
  28     get_element_by_attribute,
  29     ExtractorError,
  30     int_or_none,
  31     PagedList,
  32     RegexNotFoundError,
  33     unescapeHTML,
  34     unified_strdate,
  35     orderedSet,
  36     write_json_file,
  37     uppercase_escape,
  38 )
  39
  40 class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
  41     """Provide base functions for Youtube extractors"""
  42     _LOGIN_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin'
  43     _LANG_URL = r'https://www.youtube.com/?hl=en&persist_hl=1&gl=US&persist_gl=1&opt_out_ackd=1'
  44     _AGE_URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/verify_age?next_url=/&gl=US&hl=en'
  45     _NETRC_MACHINE = 'youtube'
  46     # If True it will raise an error if no login info is provided
  47     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = False
  48
  49     def _set_language(self):
  50         return bool(self._download_webpage(
  51             self._LANG_URL, None,
  52             note=u'Setting language', errnote='unable to set language',
  53             fatal=False))
  54
  55     def _login(self):
  56         (username, password) = self._get_login_info()
  57         # No authentication to be performed
  58         if username is None:
  59             if self._LOGIN_REQUIRED:
  60                 raise ExtractorError(u'No login info available, needed for using %s.' % self.IE_NAME, expected=True)
  61             return False
  62
  63         login_page = self._download_webpage(
  64             self._LOGIN_URL, None,
  65             note=u'Downloading login page',
  66             errnote=u'unable to fetch login page', fatal=False)
  67         if login_page is False:
  68             return
  69
  70         galx = self._search_regex(r'(?s)<input.+?name="GALX".+?value="(.+?)"',
  71                                   login_page, u'Login GALX parameter')
  72
  73         # Log in
  74         login_form_strs = {
  75                 u'continue': u'https://www.youtube.com/signin?action_handle_signin=true&feature=sign_in_button&hl=en_US&nomobiletemp=1',
  76                 u'Email': username,
  77                 u'GALX': galx,
  78                 u'Passwd': password,
  79                 u'PersistentCookie': u'yes',
  80                 u'_utf8': u'霱',
  81                 u'bgresponse': u'js_disabled',
  82                 u'checkConnection': u'',
  83                 u'checkedDomains': u'youtube',
  84                 u'dnConn': u'',
  85                 u'pstMsg': u'0',
  86                 u'rmShown': u'1',
  87                 u'secTok': u'',
  88                 u'signIn': u'Sign in',
  89                 u'timeStmp': u'',
  90                 u'service': u'youtube',
  91                 u'uilel': u'3',
  92                 u'hl': u'en_US',
  93         }
  94         # Convert to UTF-8 *before* urlencode because Python 2.x's urlencode
  95         # chokes on unicode
  96         login_form = dict((k.encode('utf-8'), v.encode('utf-8')) for k,v in login_form_strs.items())
  97         login_data = compat_urllib_parse.urlencode(login_form).encode('ascii')
  98
  99         req = compat_urllib_request.Request(self._LOGIN_URL, login_data)
 100         login_results = self._download_webpage(
 101             req, None,
 102             note=u'Logging in', errnote=u'unable to log in', fatal=False)
 103         if login_results is False:
 104             return False
 105         if re.search(r'(?i)<form[^>]* id="gaia_loginform"', login_results) is not None:
 106             self._downloader.report_warning(u'unable to log in: bad username or password')
 107             return False
 108         return True
 109
 110     def _confirm_age(self):
 111         age_form = {
 112             'next_url': '/',
 113             'action_confirm': 'Confirm',
 114         }
 115         req = compat_urllib_request.Request(self._AGE_URL,
 116             compat_urllib_parse.urlencode(age_form).encode('ascii'))
 117
 118         self._download_webpage(
 119             req, None,
 120             note=u'Confirming age', errnote=u'Unable to confirm age')
 121         return True
 122
 123     def _real_initialize(self):
 124         if self._downloader is None:
 125             return
 126         if not self._set_language():
 127             return
 128         if not self._login():
 129             return
 130         self._confirm_age()
 131
 132
 133 class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, SubtitlesInfoExtractor):
 134     IE_DESC = u'YouTube.com'
 135     _VALID_URL = r"""(?x)^
 136                      (
 137                          (?:https?://|//)?                                    # http(s):// or protocol-independent URL (optional)
 138                          (?:(?:(?:(?:\w+\.)?[yY][oO][uU][tT][uU][bB][eE](?:-nocookie)?\.com/|
 139                             (?:www\.)?deturl\.com/www\.youtube\.com/|
 140                             (?:www\.)?pwnyoutube\.com/|
 141                             (?:www\.)?yourepeat\.com/|
 142                             tube\.majestyc\.net/|
 143                             youtube\.googleapis\.com/)                        # the various hostnames, with wildcard subdomains
 144                          (?:.*?\#/)?                                          # handle anchor (#/) redirect urls
 145                          (?:                                                  # the various things that can precede the ID:
 146                              (?:(?:v|embed|e)/)                               # v/ or embed/ or e/
 147                              |(?:                                             # or the v= param in all its forms
 148                                  (?:(?:watch|movie)(?:_popup)?(?:\.php)?/?)?  # preceding watch(_popup|.php) or nothing (like /?v=xxxx)
 149                                  (?:\?|\#!?)                                  # the params delimiter ? or # or #!
 150                                  (?:.*?&)?                                    # any other preceding param (like /?s=tuff&v=xxxx)
 151                                  v=
 152                              )
 153                          ))
 154                          |youtu\.be/                                          # just youtu.be/xxxx
 155                          )
 156                      )?                                                       # all until now is optional -> you can pass the naked ID
 157                      ([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})                                      # here is it! the YouTube video ID
 158                      (?(1).+)?                                                # if we found the ID, everything can follow
 159                      $"""
 160     _NEXT_URL_RE = r'[\?&]next_url=([^&]+)'
 161     _formats = {
 162         '5': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 400, 'height': 240},
 163         '6': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 450, 'height': 270},
 164         '13': {'ext': '3gp'},
 165         '17': {'ext': '3gp', 'width': 176, 'height': 144},
 166         '18': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 640, 'height': 360},
 167         '22': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 1280, 'height': 720},
 168         '34': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 640, 'height': 360},
 169         '35': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 854, 'height': 480},
 170         '36': {'ext': '3gp', 'width': 320, 'height': 240},
 171         '37': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 1920, 'height': 1080},
 172         '38': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 4096, 'height': 3072},
 173         '43': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 640, 'height': 360},
 174         '44': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 854, 'height': 480},
 175         '45': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 1280, 'height': 720},
 176         '46': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 1920, 'height': 1080},
 177
 178
 179         # 3d videos
 180         '82': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'resolution': '360p', 'format_note': '3D', 'preference': -20},
 181         '83': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'resolution': '480p', 'format_note': '3D', 'preference': -20},
 182         '84': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'resolution': '720p', 'format_note': '3D', 'preference': -20},
 183         '85': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'resolution': '1080p', 'format_note': '3D', 'preference': -20},
 184         '100': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'resolution': '360p', 'format_note': '3D', 'preference': -20},
 185         '101': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'resolution': '480p', 'format_note': '3D', 'preference': -20},
 186         '102': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'resolution': '720p', 'format_note': '3D', 'preference': -20},
 187
 188         # Apple HTTP Live Streaming
 189         '92': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'resolution': '240p', 'format_note': 'HLS', 'preference': -10},
 190         '93': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'resolution': '360p', 'format_note': 'HLS', 'preference': -10},
 191         '94': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'resolution': '480p', 'format_note': 'HLS', 'preference': -10},
 192         '95': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'resolution': '720p', 'format_note': 'HLS', 'preference': -10},
 193         '96': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'resolution': '1080p', 'format_note': 'HLS', 'preference': -10},
 194         '132': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'resolution': '240p', 'format_note': 'HLS', 'preference': -10},
 195         '151': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 72, 'resolution': '72p', 'format_note': 'HLS', 'preference': -10},
 196
 197         # DASH mp4 video
 198         '133': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'resolution': '240p', 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'preference': -40},
 199         '134': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'resolution': '360p', 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'preference': -40},
 200         '135': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'resolution': '480p', 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'preference': -40},
 201         '136': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'resolution': '720p', 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'preference': -40},
 202         '137': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'resolution': '1080p', 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'preference': -40},
 203         '138': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1081, 'resolution': '>1080p', 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'preference': -40},
 204         '160': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 192, 'resolution': '192p', 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'preference': -40},
 205         '264': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'resolution': '1080p', 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'preference': -40},
 206
 207         # Dash mp4 audio
 208         '139': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'vcodec': 'none', 'abr': 48, 'preference': -50},
 209         '140': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'vcodec': 'none', 'abr': 128, 'preference': -50},
 210         '141': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'vcodec': 'none', 'abr': 256, 'preference': -50},
 211
 212         # Dash webm
 213         '167': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'width': 640, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'VP8', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40},
 214         '168': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'VP8', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40},
 215         '169': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'width': 1280, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'VP8', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40},
 216         '170': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'width': 1920, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'VP8', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40},
 217         '218': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'VP8', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40},
 218         '219': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'VP8', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40},
 219         '242': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 240, 'resolution': '240p', 'format_note': 'DASH webm', 'preference': -40},
 220         '243': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'resolution': '360p', 'format_note': 'DASH webm', 'preference': -40},
 221         '244': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'resolution': '480p', 'format_note': 'DASH webm', 'preference': -40},
 222         '245': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'resolution': '480p', 'format_note': 'DASH webm', 'preference': -40},
 223         '246': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'resolution': '480p', 'format_note': 'DASH webm', 'preference': -40},
 224         '247': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'resolution': '720p', 'format_note': 'DASH webm', 'preference': -40},
 225         '248': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'resolution': '1080p', 'format_note': 'DASH webm', 'preference': -40},
 226
 227         # Dash webm audio
 228         '171': {'ext': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'none', 'format_note': 'DASH webm audio', 'abr': 48, 'preference': -50},
 229         '172': {'ext': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'none', 'format_note': 'DASH webm audio', 'abr': 256, 'preference': -50},
 230
 231         # RTMP (unnamed)
 232         '_rtmp': {'protocol': 'rtmp'},
 233     }
 234
 235     IE_NAME = u'youtube'
 236     _TESTS = [
 237         {
 238             u"url":  u"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc",
 239             u"file":  u"BaW_jenozKc.mp4",
 240             u"info_dict": {
 241                 u"title": u"youtube-dl test video \"'/\\ä↭𝕐",
 242                 u"uploader": u"Philipp Hagemeister",
 243                 u"uploader_id": u"phihag",
 244                 u"upload_date": u"20121002",
 245                 u"description": u"test chars:  \"'/\\ä↭𝕐\ntest URL: https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/1892\n\nThis is a test video for youtube-dl.\n\nFor more information, contact phihag@phihag.de ."
 246             }
 247         },
 248         {
 249             u"url":  u"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UxxajLWwzqY",
 250             u"file":  u"UxxajLWwzqY.mp4",
 251             u"note": u"Test generic use_cipher_signature video (#897)",
 252             u"info_dict": {
 253                 u"upload_date": u"20120506",
 254                 u"title": u"Icona Pop - I Love It (feat. Charli XCX) [OFFICIAL VIDEO]",
 255                 u"description": u"md5:5b292926389560516e384ac437c0ec07",
 256                 u"uploader": u"Icona Pop",
 257                 u"uploader_id": u"IconaPop"
 258             }
 259         },
 260         {
 261             u"url":  u"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=07FYdnEawAQ",
 262             u"file":  u"07FYdnEawAQ.mp4",
 263             u"note": u"Test VEVO video with age protection (#956)",
 264             u"info_dict": {
 265                 u"upload_date": u"20130703",
 266                 u"title": u"Justin Timberlake - Tunnel Vision (Explicit)",
 267                 u"description": u"md5:64249768eec3bc4276236606ea996373",
 268                 u"uploader": u"justintimberlakeVEVO",
 269                 u"uploader_id": u"justintimberlakeVEVO"
 270             }
 271         },
 272         {
 273             u"url":  u"//www.YouTube.com/watch?v=yZIXLfi8CZQ",
 274             u"file":  u"yZIXLfi8CZQ.mp4",
 275             u"note": u"Embed-only video (#1746)",
 276             u"info_dict": {
 277                 u"upload_date": u"20120608",
 278                 u"title": u"Principal Sexually Assaults A Teacher - Episode 117 - 8th June 2012",
 279                 u"description": u"md5:09b78bd971f1e3e289601dfba15ca4f7",
 280                 u"uploader": u"SET India",
 281                 u"uploader_id": u"setindia"
 282             }
 283         },
 284         {
 285             u"url": u"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a9LDPn-MO4I",
 286             u"file": u"a9LDPn-MO4I.m4a",
 287             u"note": u"256k DASH audio (format 141) via DASH manifest",
 288             u"info_dict": {
 289                 u"upload_date": "20121002",
 290                 u"uploader_id": "8KVIDEO",
 291                 u"description": "No description available.",
 292                 u"uploader": "8KVIDEO",
 293                 u"title": "UHDTV TEST 8K VIDEO.mp4"
 294             },
 295             u"params": {
 296                 u"youtube_include_dash_manifest": True,
 297                 u"format": "141",
 298             },
 299         },
 300         # DASH manifest with encrypted signature
 301         {
 302             u'url': u'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IB3lcPjvWLA',
 303             u'info_dict': {
 304                 u'id': u'IB3lcPjvWLA',
 305                 u'ext': u'm4a',
 306                 u'title': u'Afrojack - The Spark ft. Spree Wilson',
 307                 u'description': u'md5:3199ed45ee8836572865580804d7ac0f',
 308                 u'uploader': u'AfrojackVEVO',
 309                 u'uploader_id': u'AfrojackVEVO',
 310                 u'upload_date': u'20131011',
 311             },
 312             u"params": {
 313                 u'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 314                 u'format': '141',
 315             },
 316         },
 317     ]
 318
 319
 320     @classmethod
 321     def suitable(cls, url):
 322         """Receives a URL and returns True if suitable for this IE."""
 323         if YoutubePlaylistIE.suitable(url): return False
 324         return re.match(cls._VALID_URL, url) is not None
 325
 326     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
 327         super(YoutubeIE, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
 328         self._player_cache = {}
 329
 330     def report_video_info_webpage_download(self, video_id):
 331         """Report attempt to download video info webpage."""
 332         self.to_screen(u'%s: Downloading video info webpage' % video_id)
 333
 334     def report_information_extraction(self, video_id):
 335         """Report attempt to extract video information."""
 336         self.to_screen(u'%s: Extracting video information' % video_id)
 337
 338     def report_unavailable_format(self, video_id, format):
 339         """Report extracted video URL."""
 340         self.to_screen(u'%s: Format %s not available' % (video_id, format))
 341
 342     def report_rtmp_download(self):
 343         """Indicate the download will use the RTMP protocol."""
 344         self.to_screen(u'RTMP download detected')
 345
 346     def _extract_signature_function(self, video_id, player_url, slen):
 347         id_m = re.match(r'.*-(?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)\.(?P<ext>[a-z]+)$',
 348                         player_url)
 349         player_type = id_m.group('ext')
 350         player_id = id_m.group('id')
 351
 352         # Read from filesystem cache
 353         func_id = '%s_%s_%d' % (player_type, player_id, slen)
 354         assert os.path.basename(func_id) == func_id
 355         cache_dir = get_cachedir(self._downloader.params)
 356
 357         cache_enabled = cache_dir is not None
 358         if cache_enabled:
 359             cache_fn = os.path.join(os.path.expanduser(cache_dir),
 360                                     u'youtube-sigfuncs',
 361                                     func_id + '.json')
 362             try:
 363                 with io.open(cache_fn, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as cachef:
 364                     cache_spec = json.load(cachef)
 365                 return lambda s: u''.join(s[i] for i in cache_spec)
 366             except IOError:
 367                 pass  # No cache available
 368
 369         if player_type == 'js':
 370             code = self._download_webpage(
 371                 player_url, video_id,
 372                 note=u'Downloading %s player %s' % (player_type, player_id),
 373                 errnote=u'Download of %s failed' % player_url)
 374             res = self._parse_sig_js(code)
 375         elif player_type == 'swf':
 376             urlh = self._request_webpage(
 377                 player_url, video_id,
 378                 note=u'Downloading %s player %s' % (player_type, player_id),
 379                 errnote=u'Download of %s failed' % player_url)
 380             code = urlh.read()
 381             res = self._parse_sig_swf(code)
 382         else:
 383             assert False, 'Invalid player type %r' % player_type
 384
 385         if cache_enabled:
 386             try:
 387                 test_string = u''.join(map(compat_chr, range(slen)))
 388                 cache_res = res(test_string)
 389                 cache_spec = [ord(c) for c in cache_res]
 390                 try:
 391                     os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(cache_fn))
 392                 except OSError as ose:
 393                     if ose.errno != errno.EEXIST:
 394                         raise
 395                 write_json_file(cache_spec, cache_fn)
 396             except Exception:
 397                 tb = traceback.format_exc()
 398                 self._downloader.report_warning(
 399                     u'Writing cache to %r failed: %s' % (cache_fn, tb))
 400
 401         return res
 402
 403     def _print_sig_code(self, func, slen):
 404         def gen_sig_code(idxs):
 405             def _genslice(start, end, step):
 406                 starts = u'' if start == 0 else str(start)
 407                 ends = (u':%d' % (end+step)) if end + step >= 0 else u':'
 408                 steps = u'' if step == 1 else (u':%d' % step)
 409                 return u's[%s%s%s]' % (starts, ends, steps)
 410
 411             step = None
 412             start = '(Never used)'  # Quelch pyflakes warnings - start will be
 413                                     # set as soon as step is set
 414             for i, prev in zip(idxs[1:], idxs[:-1]):
 415                 if step is not None:
 416                     if i - prev == step:
 417                         continue
 418                     yield _genslice(start, prev, step)
 419                     step = None
 420                     continue
 421                 if i - prev in [-1, 1]:
 422                     step = i - prev
 423                     start = prev
 424                     continue
 425                 else:
 426                     yield u's[%d]' % prev
 427             if step is None:
 428                 yield u's[%d]' % i
 429             else:
 430                 yield _genslice(start, i, step)
 431
 432         test_string = u''.join(map(compat_chr, range(slen)))
 433         cache_res = func(test_string)
 434         cache_spec = [ord(c) for c in cache_res]
 435         expr_code = u' + '.join(gen_sig_code(cache_spec))
 436         code = u'if len(s) == %d:\n    return %s\n' % (slen, expr_code)
 437         self.to_screen(u'Extracted signature function:\n' + code)
 438
 439     def _parse_sig_js(self, jscode):
 440         funcname = self._search_regex(
 441             r'signature=([a-zA-Z]+)', jscode,
 442             u'Initial JS player signature function name')
 443
 444         functions = {}
 445
 446         def argidx(varname):
 447             return string.lowercase.index(varname)
 448
 449         def interpret_statement(stmt, local_vars, allow_recursion=20):
 450             if allow_recursion < 0:
 451                 raise ExtractorError(u'Recursion limit reached')
 452
 453             if stmt.startswith(u'var '):
 454                 stmt = stmt[len(u'var '):]
 455             ass_m = re.match(r'^(?P<out>[a-z]+)(?:\[(?P<index>[^\]]+)\])?' +
 456                              r'=(?P<expr>.*)$', stmt)
 457             if ass_m:
 458                 if ass_m.groupdict().get('index'):
 459                     def assign(val):
 460                         lvar = local_vars[ass_m.group('out')]
 461                         idx = interpret_expression(ass_m.group('index'),
 462                                                    local_vars, allow_recursion)
 463                         assert isinstance(idx, int)
 464                         lvar[idx] = val
 465                         return val
 466                     expr = ass_m.group('expr')
 467                 else:
 468                     def assign(val):
 469                         local_vars[ass_m.group('out')] = val
 470                         return val
 471                     expr = ass_m.group('expr')
 472             elif stmt.startswith(u'return '):
 473                 assign = lambda v: v
 474                 expr = stmt[len(u'return '):]
 475             else:
 476                 raise ExtractorError(
 477                     u'Cannot determine left side of statement in %r' % stmt)
 478
 479             v = interpret_expression(expr, local_vars, allow_recursion)
 480             return assign(v)
 481
 482         def interpret_expression(expr, local_vars, allow_recursion):
 483             if expr.isdigit():
 484                 return int(expr)
 485
 486             if expr.isalpha():
 487                 return local_vars[expr]
 488
 489             m = re.match(r'^(?P<in>[a-z]+)\.(?P<member>.*)$', expr)
 490             if m:
 491                 member = m.group('member')
 492                 val = local_vars[m.group('in')]
 493                 if member == 'split("")':
 494                     return list(val)
 495                 if member == 'join("")':
 496                     return u''.join(val)
 497                 if member == 'length':
 498                     return len(val)
 499                 if member == 'reverse()':
 500                     return val[::-1]
 501                 slice_m = re.match(r'slice\((?P<idx>.*)\)', member)
 502                 if slice_m:
 503                     idx = interpret_expression(
 504                         slice_m.group('idx'), local_vars, allow_recursion-1)
 505                     return val[idx:]
 506
 507             m = re.match(
 508                 r'^(?P<in>[a-z]+)\[(?P<idx>.+)\]$', expr)
 509             if m:
 510                 val = local_vars[m.group('in')]
 511                 idx = interpret_expression(m.group('idx'), local_vars,
 512                                            allow_recursion-1)
 513                 return val[idx]
 514
 515             m = re.match(r'^(?P<a>.+?)(?P<op>[%])(?P<b>.+?)$', expr)
 516             if m:
 517                 a = interpret_expression(m.group('a'),
 518                                          local_vars, allow_recursion)
 519                 b = interpret_expression(m.group('b'),
 520                                          local_vars, allow_recursion)
 521                 return a % b
 522
 523             m = re.match(
 524                 r'^(?P<func>[a-zA-Z$]+)\((?P<args>[a-z0-9,]+)\)$', expr)
 525             if m:
 526                 fname = m.group('func')
 527                 if fname not in functions:
 528                     functions[fname] = extract_function(fname)
 529                 argvals = [int(v) if v.isdigit() else local_vars[v]
 530                            for v in m.group('args').split(',')]
 531                 return functions[fname](argvals)
 532             raise ExtractorError(u'Unsupported JS expression %r' % expr)
 533
 534         def extract_function(funcname):
 535             func_m = re.search(
 536                 r'function ' + re.escape(funcname) +
 537                 r'\((?P<args>[a-z,]+)\){(?P<code>[^}]+)}',
 538                 jscode)
 539             argnames = func_m.group('args').split(',')
 540
 541             def resf(args):
 542                 local_vars = dict(zip(argnames, args))
 543                 for stmt in func_m.group('code').split(';'):
 544                     res = interpret_statement(stmt, local_vars)
 545                 return res
 546             return resf
 547
 548         initial_function = extract_function(funcname)
 549         return lambda s: initial_function([s])
 550
 551     def _parse_sig_swf(self, file_contents):
 552         if file_contents[1:3] != b'WS':
 553             raise ExtractorError(
 554                 u'Not an SWF file; header is %r' % file_contents[:3])
 555         if file_contents[:1] == b'C':
 556             content = zlib.decompress(file_contents[8:])
 557         else:
 558             raise NotImplementedError(u'Unsupported compression format %r' %
 559                                       file_contents[:1])
 560
 561         def extract_tags(content):
 562             pos = 0
 563             while pos < len(content):
 564                 header16 = struct.unpack('<H', content[pos:pos+2])[0]
 565                 pos += 2
 566                 tag_code = header16 >> 6
 567                 tag_len = header16 & 0x3f
 568                 if tag_len == 0x3f:
 569                     tag_len = struct.unpack('<I', content[pos:pos+4])[0]
 570                     pos += 4
 571                 assert pos+tag_len <= len(content)
 572                 yield (tag_code, content[pos:pos+tag_len])
 573                 pos += tag_len
 574
 575         code_tag = next(tag
 576                         for tag_code, tag in extract_tags(content)
 577                         if tag_code == 82)
 578         p = code_tag.index(b'\0', 4) + 1
 579         code_reader = io.BytesIO(code_tag[p:])
 580
 581         # Parse ABC (AVM2 ByteCode)
 582         def read_int(reader=None):
 583             if reader is None:
 584                 reader = code_reader
 585             res = 0
 586             shift = 0
 587             for _ in range(5):
 588                 buf = reader.read(1)
 589                 assert len(buf) == 1
 590                 b = struct.unpack('<B', buf)[0]
 591                 res = res | ((b & 0x7f) << shift)
 592                 if b & 0x80 == 0:
 593                     break
 594                 shift += 7
 595             return res
 596
 597         def u30(reader=None):
 598             res = read_int(reader)
 599             assert res & 0xf0000000 == 0
 600             return res
 601         u32 = read_int
 602
 603         def s32(reader=None):
 604             v = read_int(reader)
 605             if v & 0x80000000 != 0:
 606                 v = - ((v ^ 0xffffffff) + 1)
 607             return v
 608
 609         def read_string(reader=None):
 610             if reader is None:
 611                 reader = code_reader
 612             slen = u30(reader)
 613             resb = reader.read(slen)
 614             assert len(resb) == slen
 615             return resb.decode('utf-8')
 616
 617         def read_bytes(count, reader=None):
 618             if reader is None:
 619                 reader = code_reader
 620             resb = reader.read(count)
 621             assert len(resb) == count
 622             return resb
 623
 624         def read_byte(reader=None):
 625             resb = read_bytes(1, reader=reader)
 626             res = struct.unpack('<B', resb)[0]
 627             return res
 628
 629         # minor_version + major_version
 630         read_bytes(2 + 2)
 631
 632         # Constant pool
 633         int_count = u30()
 634         for _c in range(1, int_count):
 635             s32()
 636         uint_count = u30()
 637         for _c in range(1, uint_count):
 638             u32()
 639         double_count = u30()
 640         read_bytes((double_count-1) * 8)
 641         string_count = u30()
 642         constant_strings = [u'']
 643         for _c in range(1, string_count):
 644             s = read_string()
 645             constant_strings.append(s)
 646         namespace_count = u30()
 647         for _c in range(1, namespace_count):
 648             read_bytes(1)  # kind
 649             u30()  # name
 650         ns_set_count = u30()
 651         for _c in range(1, ns_set_count):
 652             count = u30()
 653             for _c2 in range(count):
 654                 u30()
 655         multiname_count = u30()
 656         MULTINAME_SIZES = {
 657             0x07: 2,  # QName
 658             0x0d: 2,  # QNameA
 659             0x0f: 1,  # RTQName
 660             0x10: 1,  # RTQNameA
 661             0x11: 0,  # RTQNameL
 662             0x12: 0,  # RTQNameLA
 663             0x09: 2,  # Multiname
 664             0x0e: 2,  # MultinameA
 665             0x1b: 1,  # MultinameL
 666             0x1c: 1,  # MultinameLA
 667         }
 668         multinames = [u'']
 669         for _c in range(1, multiname_count):
 670             kind = u30()
 671             assert kind in MULTINAME_SIZES, u'Invalid multiname kind %r' % kind
 672             if kind == 0x07:
 673                 u30()  # namespace_idx
 674                 name_idx = u30()
 675                 multinames.append(constant_strings[name_idx])
 676             else:
 677                 multinames.append('[MULTINAME kind: %d]' % kind)
 678                 for _c2 in range(MULTINAME_SIZES[kind]):
 679                     u30()
 680
 681         # Methods
 682         method_count = u30()
 683         MethodInfo = collections.namedtuple(
 684             'MethodInfo',
 685             ['NEED_ARGUMENTS', 'NEED_REST'])
 686         method_infos = []
 687         for method_id in range(method_count):
 688             param_count = u30()
 689             u30()  # return type
 690             for _ in range(param_count):
 691                 u30()  # param type
 692             u30()  # name index (always 0 for youtube)
 693             flags = read_byte()
 694             if flags & 0x08 != 0:
 695                 # Options present
 696                 option_count = u30()
 697                 for c in range(option_count):
 698                     u30()  # val
 699                     read_bytes(1)  # kind
 700             if flags & 0x80 != 0:
 701                 # Param names present
 702                 for _ in range(param_count):
 703                     u30()  # param name
 704             mi = MethodInfo(flags & 0x01 != 0, flags & 0x04 != 0)
 705             method_infos.append(mi)
 706
 707         # Metadata
 708         metadata_count = u30()
 709         for _c in range(metadata_count):
 710             u30()  # name
 711             item_count = u30()
 712             for _c2 in range(item_count):
 713                 u30()  # key
 714                 u30()  # value
 715
 716         def parse_traits_info():
 717             trait_name_idx = u30()
 718             kind_full = read_byte()
 719             kind = kind_full & 0x0f
 720             attrs = kind_full >> 4
 721             methods = {}
 722             if kind in [0x00, 0x06]:  # Slot or Const
 723                 u30()  # Slot id
 724                 u30()  # type_name_idx
 725                 vindex = u30()
 726                 if vindex != 0:
 727                     read_byte()  # vkind
 728             elif kind in [0x01, 0x02, 0x03]:  # Method / Getter / Setter
 729                 u30()  # disp_id
 730                 method_idx = u30()
 731                 methods[multinames[trait_name_idx]] = method_idx
 732             elif kind == 0x04:  # Class
 733                 u30()  # slot_id
 734                 u30()  # classi
 735             elif kind == 0x05:  # Function
 736                 u30()  # slot_id
 737                 function_idx = u30()
 738                 methods[function_idx] = multinames[trait_name_idx]
 739             else:
 740                 raise ExtractorError(u'Unsupported trait kind %d' % kind)
 741
 742             if attrs & 0x4 != 0:  # Metadata present
 743                 metadata_count = u30()
 744                 for _c3 in range(metadata_count):
 745                     u30()  # metadata index
 746
 747             return methods
 748
 749         # Classes
 750         TARGET_CLASSNAME = u'SignatureDecipher'
 751         searched_idx = multinames.index(TARGET_CLASSNAME)
 752         searched_class_id = None
 753         class_count = u30()
 754         for class_id in range(class_count):
 755             name_idx = u30()
 756             if name_idx == searched_idx:
 757                 # We found the class we're looking for!
 758                 searched_class_id = class_id
 759             u30()  # super_name idx
 760             flags = read_byte()
 761             if flags & 0x08 != 0:  # Protected namespace is present
 762                 u30()  # protected_ns_idx
 763             intrf_count = u30()
 764             for _c2 in range(intrf_count):
 765                 u30()
 766             u30()  # iinit
 767             trait_count = u30()
 768             for _c2 in range(trait_count):
 769                 parse_traits_info()
 770
 771         if searched_class_id is None:
 772             raise ExtractorError(u'Target class %r not found' %
 773                                  TARGET_CLASSNAME)
 774
 775         method_names = {}
 776         method_idxs = {}
 777         for class_id in range(class_count):
 778             u30()  # cinit
 779             trait_count = u30()
 780             for _c2 in range(trait_count):
 781                 trait_methods = parse_traits_info()
 782                 if class_id == searched_class_id:
 783                     method_names.update(trait_methods.items())
 784                     method_idxs.update(dict(
 785                         (idx, name)
 786                         for name, idx in trait_methods.items()))
 787
 788         # Scripts
 789         script_count = u30()
 790         for _c in range(script_count):
 791             u30()  # init
 792             trait_count = u30()
 793             for _c2 in range(trait_count):
 794                 parse_traits_info()
 795
 796         # Method bodies
 797         method_body_count = u30()
 798         Method = collections.namedtuple('Method', ['code', 'local_count'])
 799         methods = {}
 800         for _c in range(method_body_count):
 801             method_idx = u30()
 802             u30()  # max_stack
 803             local_count = u30()
 804             u30()  # init_scope_depth
 805             u30()  # max_scope_depth
 806             code_length = u30()
 807             code = read_bytes(code_length)
 808             if method_idx in method_idxs:
 809                 m = Method(code, local_count)
 810                 methods[method_idxs[method_idx]] = m
 811             exception_count = u30()
 812             for _c2 in range(exception_count):
 813                 u30()  # from
 814                 u30()  # to
 815                 u30()  # target
 816                 u30()  # exc_type
 817                 u30()  # var_name
 818             trait_count = u30()
 819             for _c2 in range(trait_count):
 820                 parse_traits_info()
 821
 822         assert p + code_reader.tell() == len(code_tag)
 823         assert len(methods) == len(method_idxs)
 824
 825         method_pyfunctions = {}
 826
 827         def extract_function(func_name):
 828             if func_name in method_pyfunctions:
 829                 return method_pyfunctions[func_name]
 830             if func_name not in methods:
 831                 raise ExtractorError(u'Cannot find function %r' % func_name)
 832             m = methods[func_name]
 833
 834             def resfunc(args):
 835                 registers = ['(this)'] + list(args) + [None] * m.local_count
 836                 stack = []
 837                 coder = io.BytesIO(m.code)
 838                 while True:
 839                     opcode = struct.unpack('!B', coder.read(1))[0]
 840                     if opcode == 36:  # pushbyte
 841                         v = struct.unpack('!B', coder.read(1))[0]
 842                         stack.append(v)
 843                     elif opcode == 44:  # pushstring
 844                         idx = u30(coder)
 845                         stack.append(constant_strings[idx])
 846                     elif opcode == 48:  # pushscope
 847                         # We don't implement the scope register, so we'll just
 848                         # ignore the popped value
 849                         stack.pop()
 850                     elif opcode == 70:  # callproperty
 851                         index = u30(coder)
 852                         mname = multinames[index]
 853                         arg_count = u30(coder)
 854                         args = list(reversed(
 855                             [stack.pop() for _ in range(arg_count)]))
 856                         obj = stack.pop()
 857                         if mname == u'split':
 858                             assert len(args) == 1
 859                             assert isinstance(args[0], compat_str)
 860                             assert isinstance(obj, compat_str)
 861                             if args[0] == u'':
 862                                 res = list(obj)
 863                             else:
 864                                 res = obj.split(args[0])
 865                             stack.append(res)
 866                         elif mname == u'slice':
 867                             assert len(args) == 1
 868                             assert isinstance(args[0], int)
 869                             assert isinstance(obj, list)
 870                             res = obj[args[0]:]
 871                             stack.append(res)
 872                         elif mname == u'join':
 873                             assert len(args) == 1
 874                             assert isinstance(args[0], compat_str)
 875                             assert isinstance(obj, list)
 876                             res = args[0].join(obj)
 877                             stack.append(res)
 878                         elif mname in method_pyfunctions:
 879                             stack.append(method_pyfunctions[mname](args))
 880                         else:
 881                             raise NotImplementedError(
 882                                 u'Unsupported property %r on %r'
 883                                 % (mname, obj))
 884                     elif opcode == 72:  # returnvalue
 885                         res = stack.pop()
 886                         return res
 887                     elif opcode == 79:  # callpropvoid
 888                         index = u30(coder)
 889                         mname = multinames[index]
 890                         arg_count = u30(coder)
 891                         args = list(reversed(
 892                             [stack.pop() for _ in range(arg_count)]))
 893                         obj = stack.pop()
 894                         if mname == u'reverse':
 895                             assert isinstance(obj, list)
 896                             obj.reverse()
 897                         else:
 898                             raise NotImplementedError(
 899                                 u'Unsupported (void) property %r on %r'
 900                                 % (mname, obj))
 901                     elif opcode == 93:  # findpropstrict
 902                         index = u30(coder)
 903                         mname = multinames[index]
 904                         res = extract_function(mname)
 905                         stack.append(res)
 906                     elif opcode == 97:  # setproperty
 907                         index = u30(coder)
 908                         value = stack.pop()
 909                         idx = stack.pop()
 910                         obj = stack.pop()
 911                         assert isinstance(obj, list)
 912                         assert isinstance(idx, int)
 913                         obj[idx] = value
 914                     elif opcode == 98:  # getlocal
 915                         index = u30(coder)
 916                         stack.append(registers[index])
 917                     elif opcode == 99:  # setlocal
 918                         index = u30(coder)
 919                         value = stack.pop()
 920                         registers[index] = value
 921                     elif opcode == 102:  # getproperty
 922                         index = u30(coder)
 923                         pname = multinames[index]
 924                         if pname == u'length':
 925                             obj = stack.pop()
 926                             assert isinstance(obj, list)
 927                             stack.append(len(obj))
 928                         else:  # Assume attribute access
 929                             idx = stack.pop()
 930                             assert isinstance(idx, int)
 931                             obj = stack.pop()
 932                             assert isinstance(obj, list)
 933                             stack.append(obj[idx])
 934                     elif opcode == 128:  # coerce
 935                         u30(coder)
 936                     elif opcode == 133:  # coerce_s
 937                         assert isinstance(stack[-1], (type(None), compat_str))
 938                     elif opcode == 164:  # modulo
 939                         value2 = stack.pop()
 940                         value1 = stack.pop()
 941                         res = value1 % value2
 942                         stack.append(res)
 943                     elif opcode == 208:  # getlocal_0
 944                         stack.append(registers[0])
 945                     elif opcode == 209:  # getlocal_1
 946                         stack.append(registers[1])
 947                     elif opcode == 210:  # getlocal_2
 948                         stack.append(registers[2])
 949                     elif opcode == 211:  # getlocal_3
 950                         stack.append(registers[3])
 951                     elif opcode == 214:  # setlocal_2
 952                         registers[2] = stack.pop()
 953                     elif opcode == 215:  # setlocal_3
 954                         registers[3] = stack.pop()
 955                     else:
 956                         raise NotImplementedError(
 957                             u'Unsupported opcode %d' % opcode)
 958
 959             method_pyfunctions[func_name] = resfunc
 960             return resfunc
 961
 962         initial_function = extract_function(u'decipher')
 963         return lambda s: initial_function([s])
 964
 965     def _decrypt_signature(self, s, video_id, player_url, age_gate=False):
 966         """Turn the encrypted s field into a working signature"""
 967
 968         if player_url is not None:
 969             if player_url.startswith(u'//'):
 970                 player_url = u'https:' + player_url
 971             try:
 972                 player_id = (player_url, len(s))
 973                 if player_id not in self._player_cache:
 974                     func = self._extract_signature_function(
 975                         video_id, player_url, len(s)
 976                     )
 977                     self._player_cache[player_id] = func
 978                 func = self._player_cache[player_id]
 979                 if self._downloader.params.get('youtube_print_sig_code'):
 980                     self._print_sig_code(func, len(s))
 981                 return func(s)
 982             except Exception:
 983                 tb = traceback.format_exc()
 984                 self._downloader.report_warning(
 985                     u'Automatic signature extraction failed: ' + tb)
 986
 987             self._downloader.report_warning(
 988                 u'Warning: Falling back to static signature algorithm')
 989
 990         return self._static_decrypt_signature(
 991             s, video_id, player_url, age_gate)
 992
 993     def _static_decrypt_signature(self, s, video_id, player_url, age_gate):
 994         if age_gate:
 995             # The videos with age protection use another player, so the
 996             # algorithms can be different.
 997             if len(s) == 86:
 998                 return s[2:63] + s[82] + s[64:82] + s[63]
 999
1000         if len(s) == 93:
1001             return s[86:29:-1] + s[88] + s[28:5:-1]
1002         elif len(s) == 92:
1003             return s[25] + s[3:25] + s[0] + s[26:42] + s[79] + s[43:79] + s[91] + s[80:83]
1004         elif len(s) == 91:
1005             return s[84:27:-1] + s[86] + s[26:5:-1]
1006         elif len(s) == 90:
1007             return s[25] + s[3:25] + s[2] + s[26:40] + s[77] + s[41:77] + s[89] + s[78:81]
1008         elif len(s) == 89:
1009             return s[84:78:-1] + s[87] + s[77:60:-1] + s[0] + s[59:3:-1]
1010         elif len(s) == 88:
1011             return s[7:28] + s[87] + s[29:45] + s[55] + s[46:55] + s[2] + s[56:87] + s[28]
1012         elif len(s) == 87:
1013             return s[6:27] + s[4] + s[28:39] + s[27] + s[40:59] + s[2] + s[60:]
1014         elif len(s) == 86:
1015             return s[80:72:-1] + s[16] + s[71:39:-1] + s[72] + s[38:16:-1] + s[82] + s[15::-1]
1016         elif len(s) == 85:
1017             return s[3:11] + s[0] + s[12:55] + s[84] + s[56:84]
1018         elif len(s) == 84:
1019             return s[78:70:-1] + s[14] + s[69:37:-1] + s[70] + s[36:14:-1] + s[80] + s[:14][::-1]
1020         elif len(s) == 83:
1021             return s[80:63:-1] + s[0] + s[62:0:-1] + s[63]
1022         elif len(s) == 82:
1023             return s[80:37:-1] + s[7] + s[36:7:-1] + s[0] + s[6:0:-1] + s[37]
1024         elif len(s) == 81:
1025             return s[56] + s[79:56:-1] + s[41] + s[55:41:-1] + s[80] + s[40:34:-1] + s[0] + s[33:29:-1] + s[34] + s[28:9:-1] + s[29] + s[8:0:-1] + s[9]
1026         elif len(s) == 80:
1027             return s[1:19] + s[0] + s[20:68] + s[19] + s[69:80]
1028         elif len(s) == 79:
1029             return s[54] + s[77:54:-1] + s[39] + s[53:39:-1] + s[78] + s[38:34:-1] + s[0] + s[33:29:-1] + s[34] + s[28:9:-1] + s[29] + s[8:0:-1] + s[9]
1030
1031         else:
1032             raise ExtractorError(u'Unable to decrypt signature, key length %d not supported; retrying might work' % (len(s)))
1033
1034     def _get_available_subtitles(self, video_id, webpage):
1035         try:
1036             sub_list = self._download_webpage(
1037                 'https://video.google.com/timedtext?hl=en&type=list&v=%s' % video_id,
1038                 video_id, note=False)
1039         except ExtractorError as err:
1040             self._downloader.report_warning(u'unable to download video subtitles: %s' % compat_str(err))
1041             return {}
1042         lang_list = re.findall(r'name="([^"]*)"[^>]+lang_code="([\w\-]+)"', sub_list)
1043
1044         sub_lang_list = {}
1045         for l in lang_list:
1046             lang = l[1]
1047             params = compat_urllib_parse.urlencode({
1048                 'lang': lang,
1049                 'v': video_id,
1050                 'fmt': self._downloader.params.get('subtitlesformat', 'srt'),
1051                 'name': unescapeHTML(l[0]).encode('utf-8'),
1052             })
1053             url = u'https://www.youtube.com/api/timedtext?' + params
1054             sub_lang_list[lang] = url
1055         if not sub_lang_list:
1056             self._downloader.report_warning(u'video doesn\'t have subtitles')
1057             return {}
1058         return sub_lang_list
1059
1060     def _get_available_automatic_caption(self, video_id, webpage):
1061         """We need the webpage for getting the captions url, pass it as an
1062            argument to speed up the process."""
1063         sub_format = self._downloader.params.get('subtitlesformat', 'srt')
1064         self.to_screen(u'%s: Looking for automatic captions' % video_id)
1065         mobj = re.search(r';ytplayer.config = ({.*?});', webpage)
1066         err_msg = u'Couldn\'t find automatic captions for %s' % video_id
1067         if mobj is None:
1068             self._downloader.report_warning(err_msg)
1069             return {}
1070         player_config = json.loads(mobj.group(1))
1071         try:
1072             args = player_config[u'args']
1073             caption_url = args[u'ttsurl']
1074             timestamp = args[u'timestamp']
1075             # We get the available subtitles
1076             list_params = compat_urllib_parse.urlencode({
1077                 'type': 'list',
1078                 'tlangs': 1,
1079                 'asrs': 1,
1080             })
1081             list_url = caption_url + '&' + list_params
1082             caption_list = self._download_xml(list_url, video_id)
1083             original_lang_node = caption_list.find('track')
1084             if original_lang_node is None or original_lang_node.attrib.get('kind') != 'asr' :
1085                 self._downloader.report_warning(u'Video doesn\'t have automatic captions')
1086                 return {}
1087             original_lang = original_lang_node.attrib['lang_code']
1088
1089             sub_lang_list = {}
1090             for lang_node in caption_list.findall('target'):
1091                 sub_lang = lang_node.attrib['lang_code']
1092                 params = compat_urllib_parse.urlencode({
1093                     'lang': original_lang,
1094                     'tlang': sub_lang,
1095                     'fmt': sub_format,
1096                     'ts': timestamp,
1097                     'kind': 'asr',
1098                 })
1099                 sub_lang_list[sub_lang] = caption_url + '&' + params
1100             return sub_lang_list
1101         # An extractor error can be raise by the download process if there are
1102         # no automatic captions but there are subtitles
1103         except (KeyError, ExtractorError):
1104             self._downloader.report_warning(err_msg)
1105             return {}
1106
1107     @classmethod
1108     def extract_id(cls, url):
1109         mobj = re.match(cls._VALID_URL, url, re.VERBOSE)
1110         if mobj is None:
1111             raise ExtractorError(u'Invalid URL: %s' % url)
1112         video_id = mobj.group(2)
1113         return video_id
1114
1115     def _extract_from_m3u8(self, manifest_url, video_id):
1116         url_map = {}
1117         def _get_urls(_manifest):
1118             lines = _manifest.split('\n')
1119             urls = filter(lambda l: l and not l.startswith('#'),
1120                             lines)
1121             return urls
1122         manifest = self._download_webpage(manifest_url, video_id, u'Downloading formats manifest')
1123         formats_urls = _get_urls(manifest)
1124         for format_url in formats_urls:
1125             itag = self._search_regex(r'itag/(\d+?)/', format_url, 'itag')
1126             url_map[itag] = format_url
1127         return url_map
1128
1129     def _extract_annotations(self, video_id):
1130         url = 'https://www.youtube.com/annotations_invideo?features=1&legacy=1&video_id=%s' % video_id
1131         return self._download_webpage(url, video_id, note=u'Searching for annotations.', errnote=u'Unable to download video annotations.')
1132
1133     def _real_extract(self, url):
1134         # Extract original video URL from URL with redirection, like age verification, using next_url parameter
1135         mobj = re.search(self._NEXT_URL_RE, url)
1136         if mobj:
1137             url = 'https://www.youtube.com/' + compat_urllib_parse.unquote(mobj.group(1)).lstrip('/')
1138         video_id = self.extract_id(url)
1139
1140         # Get video webpage
1141         url = 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s&gl=US&hl=en&has_verified=1' % video_id
1142         video_webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
1143
1144         # Attempt to extract SWF player URL
1145         mobj = re.search(r'swfConfig.*?"(https?:\\/\\/.*?watch.*?-.*?\.swf)"', video_webpage)
1146         if mobj is not None:
1147             player_url = re.sub(r'\\(.)', r'\1', mobj.group(1))
1148         else:
1149             player_url = None
1150
1151         # Get video info
1152         self.report_video_info_webpage_download(video_id)
1153         if re.search(r'player-age-gate-content">', video_webpage) is not None:
1154             self.report_age_confirmation()
1155             age_gate = True
1156             # We simulate the access to the video from www.youtube.com/v/{video_id}
1157             # this can be viewed without login into Youtube
1158             data = compat_urllib_parse.urlencode({'video_id': video_id,
1159                                                   'el': 'player_embedded',
1160                                                   'gl': 'US',
1161                                                   'hl': 'en',
1162                                                   'eurl': 'https://youtube.googleapis.com/v/' + video_id,
1163                                                   'asv': 3,
1164                                                   'sts':'1588',
1165                                                   })
1166             video_info_url = 'https://www.youtube.com/get_video_info?' + data
1167             video_info_webpage = self._download_webpage(video_info_url, video_id,
1168                                     note=False,
1169                                     errnote='unable to download video info webpage')
1170             video_info = compat_parse_qs(video_info_webpage)
1171         else:
1172             age_gate = False
1173             for el_type in ['&el=embedded', '&el=detailpage', '&el=vevo', '']:
1174                 video_info_url = ('https://www.youtube.com/get_video_info?&video_id=%s%s&ps=default&eurl=&gl=US&hl=en'
1175                         % (video_id, el_type))
1176                 video_info_webpage = self._download_webpage(video_info_url, video_id,
1177                                         note=False,
1178                                         errnote='unable to download video info webpage')
1179                 video_info = compat_parse_qs(video_info_webpage)
1180                 if 'token' in video_info:
1181                     break
1182         if 'token' not in video_info:
1183             if 'reason' in video_info:
1184                 raise ExtractorError(u'YouTube said: %s' % video_info['reason'][0], expected=True)
1185             else:
1186                 raise ExtractorError(u'"token" parameter not in video info for unknown reason')
1187
1188         if 'view_count' in video_info:
1189             view_count = int(video_info['view_count'][0])
1190         else:
1191             view_count = None
1192
1193         # Check for "rental" videos
1194         if 'ypc_video_rental_bar_text' in video_info and 'author' not in video_info:
1195             raise ExtractorError(u'"rental" videos not supported')
1196
1197         # Start extracting information
1198         self.report_information_extraction(video_id)
1199
1200         # uploader
1201         if 'author' not in video_info:
1202             raise ExtractorError(u'Unable to extract uploader name')
1203         video_uploader = compat_urllib_parse.unquote_plus(video_info['author'][0])
1204
1205         # uploader_id
1206         video_uploader_id = None
1207         mobj = re.search(r'<link itemprop="url" href="http://www.youtube.com/(?:user|channel)/([^"]+)">', video_webpage)
1208         if mobj is not None:
1209             video_uploader_id = mobj.group(1)
1210         else:
1211             self._downloader.report_warning(u'unable to extract uploader nickname')
1212
1213         # title
1214         if 'title' in video_info:
1215             video_title = compat_urllib_parse.unquote_plus(video_info['title'][0])
1216         else:
1217             self._downloader.report_warning(u'Unable to extract video title')
1218             video_title = u'_'
1219
1220         # thumbnail image
1221         # We try first to get a high quality image:
1222         m_thumb = re.search(r'<span itemprop="thumbnail".*?href="(.*?)">',
1223                             video_webpage, re.DOTALL)
1224         if m_thumb is not None:
1225             video_thumbnail = m_thumb.group(1)
1226         elif 'thumbnail_url' not in video_info:
1227             self._downloader.report_warning(u'unable to extract video thumbnail')
1228             video_thumbnail = None
1229         else:   # don't panic if we can't find it
1230             video_thumbnail = compat_urllib_parse.unquote_plus(video_info['thumbnail_url'][0])
1231
1232         # upload date
1233         upload_date = None
1234         mobj = re.search(r'id="eow-date.*?>(.*?)</span>', video_webpage, re.DOTALL)
1235         if mobj is not None:
1236             upload_date = ' '.join(re.sub(r'[/,-]', r' ', mobj.group(1)).split())
1237             upload_date = unified_strdate(upload_date)
1238
1239         # description
1240         video_description = get_element_by_id("eow-description", video_webpage)
1241         if video_description:
1242             video_description = re.sub(r'''(?x)
1243                 <a\s+
1244                     (?:[a-zA-Z-]+="[^"]+"\s+)*?
1245                     title="([^"]+)"\s+
1246                     (?:[a-zA-Z-]+="[^"]+"\s+)*?
1247                     class="yt-uix-redirect-link"\s*>
1248                 [^<]+
1249                 </a>
1250             ''', r'\1', video_description)
1251             video_description = clean_html(video_description)
1252         else:
1253             fd_mobj = re.search(r'<meta name="description" content="([^"]+)"', video_webpage)
1254             if fd_mobj:
1255                 video_description = unescapeHTML(fd_mobj.group(1))
1256             else:
1257                 video_description = u''
1258
1259         def _extract_count(klass):
1260             count = self._search_regex(
1261                 r'class="%s">([\d,]+)</span>' % re.escape(klass),
1262                 video_webpage, klass, default=None)
1263             if count is not None:
1264                 return int(count.replace(',', ''))
1265             return None
1266         like_count = _extract_count(u'likes-count')
1267         dislike_count = _extract_count(u'dislikes-count')
1268
1269         # subtitles
1270         video_subtitles = self.extract_subtitles(video_id, video_webpage)
1271
1272         if self._downloader.params.get('listsubtitles', False):
1273             self._list_available_subtitles(video_id, video_webpage)
1274             return
1275
1276         if 'length_seconds' not in video_info:
1277             self._downloader.report_warning(u'unable to extract video duration')
1278             video_duration = None
1279         else:
1280             video_duration = int(compat_urllib_parse.unquote_plus(video_info['length_seconds'][0]))
1281
1282         # annotations
1283         video_annotations = None
1284         if self._downloader.params.get('writeannotations', False):
1285                 video_annotations = self._extract_annotations(video_id)
1286
1287         # Decide which formats to download
1288         try:
1289             mobj = re.search(r';ytplayer.config = ({.*?});', video_webpage)
1290             if not mobj:
1291                 raise ValueError('Could not find vevo ID')
1292             ytplayer_config = json.loads(mobj.group(1))
1293             args = ytplayer_config['args']
1294             # Easy way to know if the 's' value is in url_encoded_fmt_stream_map
1295             # this signatures are encrypted
1296             if 'url_encoded_fmt_stream_map' not in args:
1297                 raise ValueError(u'No stream_map present')  # caught below
1298             re_signature = re.compile(r'[&,]s=')
1299             m_s = re_signature.search(args['url_encoded_fmt_stream_map'])
1300             if m_s is not None:
1301                 self.to_screen(u'%s: Encrypted signatures detected.' % video_id)
1302                 video_info['url_encoded_fmt_stream_map'] = [args['url_encoded_fmt_stream_map']]
1303             m_s = re_signature.search(args.get('adaptive_fmts', u''))
1304             if m_s is not None:
1305                 if 'adaptive_fmts' in video_info:
1306                     video_info['adaptive_fmts'][0] += ',' + args['adaptive_fmts']
1307                 else:
1308                     video_info['adaptive_fmts'] = [args['adaptive_fmts']]
1309         except ValueError:
1310             pass
1311
1312         def _map_to_format_list(urlmap):
1313             formats = []
1314             for itag, video_real_url in urlmap.items():
1315                 dct = {
1316                     'format_id': itag,
1317                     'url': video_real_url,
1318                     'player_url': player_url,
1319                 }
1320                 if itag in self._formats:
1321                     dct.update(self._formats[itag])
1322                 formats.append(dct)
1323             return formats
1324
1325         if 'conn' in video_info and video_info['conn'][0].startswith('rtmp'):
1326             self.report_rtmp_download()
1327             formats = [{
1328                 'format_id': '_rtmp',
1329                 'protocol': 'rtmp',
1330                 'url': video_info['conn'][0],
1331                 'player_url': player_url,
1332             }]
1333         elif len(video_info.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map', [])) >= 1 or len(video_info.get('adaptive_fmts', [])) >= 1:
1334             encoded_url_map = video_info.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map', [''])[0] + ',' + video_info.get('adaptive_fmts',[''])[0]
1335             if 'rtmpe%3Dyes' in encoded_url_map:
1336                 raise ExtractorError('rtmpe downloads are not supported, see https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/343 for more information.', expected=True)
1337             url_map = {}
1338             for url_data_str in encoded_url_map.split(','):
1339                 url_data = compat_parse_qs(url_data_str)
1340                 if 'itag' in url_data and 'url' in url_data:
1341                     url = url_data['url'][0]
1342                     if 'sig' in url_data:
1343                         url += '&signature=' + url_data['sig'][0]
1344                     elif 's' in url_data:
1345                         encrypted_sig = url_data['s'][0]
1346                         if self._downloader.params.get('verbose'):
1347                             if age_gate:
1348                                 if player_url is None:
1349                                     player_version = 'unknown'
1350                                 else:
1351                                     player_version = self._search_regex(
1352                                         r'-(.+)\.swf$', player_url,
1353                                         u'flash player', fatal=False)
1354                                 player_desc = 'flash player %s' % player_version
1355                             else:
1356                                 player_version = self._search_regex(
1357                                     r'html5player-(.+?)\.js', video_webpage,
1358                                     'html5 player', fatal=False)
1359                                 player_desc = u'html5 player %s' % player_version
1360
1361                             parts_sizes = u'.'.join(compat_str(len(part)) for part in encrypted_sig.split('.'))
1362                             self.to_screen(u'encrypted signature length %d (%s), itag %s, %s' %
1363                                 (len(encrypted_sig), parts_sizes, url_data['itag'][0], player_desc))
1364
1365                         if not age_gate:
1366                             jsplayer_url_json = self._search_regex(
1367                                 r'"assets":.+?"js":\s*("[^"]+")',
1368                                 video_webpage, u'JS player URL')
1369                             player_url = json.loads(jsplayer_url_json)
1370
1371                         signature = self._decrypt_signature(
1372                             encrypted_sig, video_id, player_url, age_gate)
1373                         url += '&signature=' + signature
1374                     if 'ratebypass' not in url:
1375                         url += '&ratebypass=yes'
1376                     url_map[url_data['itag'][0]] = url
1377             formats = _map_to_format_list(url_map)
1378         elif video_info.get('hlsvp'):
1379             manifest_url = video_info['hlsvp'][0]
1380             url_map = self._extract_from_m3u8(manifest_url, video_id)
1381             formats = _map_to_format_list(url_map)
1382         else:
1383             raise ExtractorError(u'no conn, hlsvp or url_encoded_fmt_stream_map information found in video info')
1384
1385         # Look for the DASH manifest
1386         if (self._downloader.params.get('youtube_include_dash_manifest', False)):
1387             try:
1388                 # The DASH manifest used needs to be the one from the original video_webpage.
1389                 # The one found in get_video_info seems to be using different signatures.
1390                 # However, in the case of an age restriction there won't be any embedded dashmpd in the video_webpage.
1391                 # Luckily, it seems, this case uses some kind of default signature (len == 86), so the
1392                 # combination of get_video_info and the _static_decrypt_signature() decryption fallback will work here.
1393                 if age_gate:
1394                     dash_manifest_url = video_info.get('dashmpd')[0]
1395                 else:
1396                     dash_manifest_url = ytplayer_config['args']['dashmpd']
1397                 def decrypt_sig(mobj):
1398                     s = mobj.group(1)
1399                     dec_s = self._decrypt_signature(s, video_id, player_url, age_gate)
1400                     return '/signature/%s' % dec_s
1401                 dash_manifest_url = re.sub(r'/s/([\w\.]+)', decrypt_sig, dash_manifest_url)
1402                 dash_doc = self._download_xml(
1403                     dash_manifest_url, video_id,
1404                     note=u'Downloading DASH manifest',
1405                     errnote=u'Could not download DASH manifest')
1406                 for r in dash_doc.findall(u'.//{urn:mpeg:DASH:schema:MPD:2011}Representation'):
1407                     url_el = r.find('{urn:mpeg:DASH:schema:MPD:2011}BaseURL')
1408                     if url_el is None:
1409                         continue
1410                     format_id = r.attrib['id']
1411                     video_url = url_el.text
1412                     filesize = int_or_none(url_el.attrib.get('{http://youtube.com/yt/2012/10/10}contentLength'))
1413                     f = {
1414                         'format_id': format_id,
1415                         'url': video_url,
1416                         'width': int_or_none(r.attrib.get('width')),
1417                         'tbr': int_or_none(r.attrib.get('bandwidth'), 1000),
1418                         'asr': int_or_none(r.attrib.get('audioSamplingRate')),
1419                         'filesize': filesize,
1420                     }
1421                     try:
1422                         existing_format = next(
1423                             fo for fo in formats
1424                             if fo['format_id'] == format_id)
1425                     except StopIteration:
1426                         f.update(self._formats.get(format_id, {}))
1427                         formats.append(f)
1428                     else:
1429                         existing_format.update(f)
1430
1431             except (ExtractorError, KeyError) as e:
1432                 self.report_warning(u'Skipping DASH manifest: %s' % e, video_id)
1433
1434         self._sort_formats(formats)
1435
1436         return {
1437             'id':           video_id,
1438             'uploader':     video_uploader,
1439             'uploader_id':  video_uploader_id,
1440             'upload_date':  upload_date,
1441             'title':        video_title,
1442             'thumbnail':    video_thumbnail,
1443             'description':  video_description,
1444             'subtitles':    video_subtitles,
1445             'duration':     video_duration,
1446             'age_limit':    18 if age_gate else 0,
1447             'annotations':  video_annotations,
1448             'webpage_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s' % video_id,
1449             'view_count':   view_count,
1450             'like_count': like_count,
1451             'dislike_count': dislike_count,
1452             'formats':      formats,
1453         }
1454
1455 class YoutubePlaylistIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
1456     IE_DESC = u'YouTube.com playlists'
1457     _VALID_URL = r"""(?x)(?:
1458                         (?:https?://)?
1459                         (?:\w+\.)?
1460                         youtube\.com/
1461                         (?:
1462                            (?:course|view_play_list|my_playlists|artist|playlist|watch)
1463                            \? (?:.*?&)*? (?:p|a|list)=
1464                         |  p/
1465                         )
1466                         (
1467                             (?:PL|EC|UU|FL|RD)?[0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,}
1468                             # Top tracks, they can also include dots
1469                             |(?:MC)[\w\.]*
1470                         )
1471                         .*
1472                      |
1473                         ((?:PL|EC|UU|FL|RD)[0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,})
1474                      )"""
1475     _TEMPLATE_URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=%s'
1476     _MORE_PAGES_INDICATOR = r'data-link-type="next"'
1477     _VIDEO_RE = r'href="\s*/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})&amp;[^"]*?index=(?P<index>\d+)'
1478     IE_NAME = u'youtube:playlist'
1479
1480     def _real_initialize(self):
1481         self._login()
1482
1483     def _ids_to_results(self, ids):
1484         return [self.url_result(vid_id, 'Youtube', video_id=vid_id)
1485                        for vid_id in ids]
1486
1487     def _extract_mix(self, playlist_id):
1488         # The mixes are generated from a a single video
1489         # the id of the playlist is just 'RD' + video_id
1490         url = 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=%s&list=%s' % (playlist_id[-11:], playlist_id)
1491         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, playlist_id, u'Downloading Youtube mix')
1492         title_span = (get_element_by_attribute('class', 'title long-title', webpage) or
1493             get_element_by_attribute('class', 'title ', webpage))
1494         title = clean_html(title_span)
1495         video_re = r'data-index="\d+".*?href="/watch\?v=([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})&amp;[^"]*?list=%s' % re.escape(playlist_id)
1496         ids = orderedSet(re.findall(video_re, webpage))
1497         url_results = self._ids_to_results(ids)
1498
1499         return self.playlist_result(url_results, playlist_id, title)
1500
1501     def _real_extract(self, url):
1502         # Extract playlist id
1503         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
1504         if mobj is None:
1505             raise ExtractorError(u'Invalid URL: %s' % url)
1506         playlist_id = mobj.group(1) or mobj.group(2)
1507
1508         # Check if it's a video-specific URL
1509         query_dict = compat_urlparse.parse_qs(compat_urlparse.urlparse(url).query)
1510         if 'v' in query_dict:
1511             video_id = query_dict['v'][0]
1512             if self._downloader.params.get('noplaylist'):
1513                 self.to_screen(u'Downloading just video %s because of --no-playlist' % video_id)
1514                 return self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id)
1515             else:
1516                 self.to_screen(u'Downloading playlist PL%s - add --no-playlist to just download video %s' % (playlist_id, video_id))
1517
1518         if playlist_id.startswith('RD'):
1519             # Mixes require a custom extraction process
1520             return self._extract_mix(playlist_id)
1521         if playlist_id.startswith('TL'):
1522             raise ExtractorError(u'For downloading YouTube.com top lists, use '
1523                 u'the "yttoplist" keyword, for example "youtube-dl \'yttoplist:music:Top Tracks\'"', expected=True)
1524
1525         url = self._TEMPLATE_URL % playlist_id
1526         page = self._download_webpage(url, playlist_id)
1527         more_widget_html = content_html = page
1528
1529         # Extract the video ids from the playlist pages
1530         ids = []
1531
1532         for page_num in itertools.count(1):
1533             matches = re.finditer(self._VIDEO_RE, content_html)
1534             # We remove the duplicates and the link with index 0
1535             # (it's not the first video of the playlist)
1536             new_ids = orderedSet(m.group('id') for m in matches if m.group('index') != '0')
1537             ids.extend(new_ids)
1538
1539             mobj = re.search(r'data-uix-load-more-href="/?(?P<more>[^"]+)"', more_widget_html)
1540             if not mobj:
1541                 break
1542
1543             more = self._download_json(
1544                 'https://youtube.com/%s' % mobj.group('more'), playlist_id, 'Downloading page #%s' % page_num)
1545             content_html = more['content_html']
1546             more_widget_html = more['load_more_widget_html']
1547
1548         playlist_title = self._html_search_regex(
1549                 r'<h1 class="pl-header-title">\s*(.*?)\s*</h1>', page, u'title')
1550
1551         url_results = self._ids_to_results(ids)
1552         return self.playlist_result(url_results, playlist_id, playlist_title)
1553
1554
1555 class YoutubeTopListIE(YoutubePlaylistIE):
1556     IE_NAME = u'youtube:toplist'
1557     IE_DESC = (u'YouTube.com top lists, "yttoplist:{channel}:{list title}"'
1558         u' (Example: "yttoplist:music:Top Tracks")')
1559     _VALID_URL = r'yttoplist:(?P<chann>.*?):(?P<title>.*?)$'
1560
1561     def _real_extract(self, url):
1562         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
1563         channel = mobj.group('chann')
1564         title = mobj.group('title')
1565         query = compat_urllib_parse.urlencode({'title': title})
1566         playlist_re = 'href="([^"]+?%s.*?)"' % re.escape(query)
1567         channel_page = self._download_webpage('https://www.youtube.com/%s' % channel, title)
1568         link = self._html_search_regex(playlist_re, channel_page, u'list')
1569         url = compat_urlparse.urljoin('https://www.youtube.com/', link)
1570
1571         video_re = r'data-index="\d+".*?data-video-id="([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})"'
1572         ids = []
1573         # sometimes the webpage doesn't contain the videos
1574         # retry until we get them
1575         for i in itertools.count(0):
1576             msg = u'Downloading Youtube mix'
1577             if i > 0:
1578                 msg += ', retry #%d' % i
1579             webpage = self._download_webpage(url, title, msg)
1580             ids = orderedSet(re.findall(video_re, webpage))
1581             if ids:
1582                 break
1583         url_results = self._ids_to_results(ids)
1584         return self.playlist_result(url_results, playlist_title=title)
1585
1586
1587 class YoutubeChannelIE(InfoExtractor):
1588     IE_DESC = u'YouTube.com channels'
1589     _VALID_URL = r"^(?:https?://)?(?:youtu\.be|(?:\w+\.)?youtube(?:-nocookie)?\.com)/channel/([0-9A-Za-z_-]+)"
1590     _MORE_PAGES_INDICATOR = 'yt-uix-load-more'
1591     _MORE_PAGES_URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/c4_browse_ajax?action_load_more_videos=1&flow=list&paging=%s&view=0&sort=da&channel_id=%s'
1592     IE_NAME = u'youtube:channel'
1593
1594     def extract_videos_from_page(self, page):
1595         ids_in_page = []
1596         for mobj in re.finditer(r'href="/watch\?v=([0-9A-Za-z_-]+)&?', page):
1597             if mobj.group(1) not in ids_in_page:
1598                 ids_in_page.append(mobj.group(1))
1599         return ids_in_page
1600
1601     def _real_extract(self, url):
1602         # Extract channel id
1603         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
1604         if mobj is None:
1605             raise ExtractorError(u'Invalid URL: %s' % url)
1606
1607         # Download channel page
1608         channel_id = mobj.group(1)
1609         video_ids = []
1610         url = 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/%s/videos' % channel_id
1611         channel_page = self._download_webpage(url, channel_id)
1612         autogenerated = re.search(r'''(?x)
1613                 class="[^"]*?(?:
1614                     channel-header-autogenerated-label|
1615                     yt-channel-title-autogenerated
1616                 )[^"]*"''', channel_page) is not None
1617
1618         if autogenerated:
1619             # The videos are contained in a single page
1620             # the ajax pages can't be used, they are empty
1621             video_ids = self.extract_videos_from_page(channel_page)
1622         else:
1623             # Download all channel pages using the json-based channel_ajax query
1624             for pagenum in itertools.count(1):
1625                 url = self._MORE_PAGES_URL % (pagenum, channel_id)
1626                 page = self._download_json(
1627                     url, channel_id, note=u'Downloading page #%s' % pagenum,
1628                     transform_source=uppercase_escape)
1629
1630                 ids_in_page = self.extract_videos_from_page(page['content_html'])
1631                 video_ids.extend(ids_in_page)
1632
1633                 if self._MORE_PAGES_INDICATOR not in page['load_more_widget_html']:
1634                     break
1635
1636         self._downloader.to_screen(u'[youtube] Channel %s: Found %i videos' % (channel_id, len(video_ids)))
1637
1638         url_entries = [self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id)
1639                        for video_id in video_ids]
1640         return self.playlist_result(url_entries, channel_id)
1641
1642
1643 class YoutubeUserIE(InfoExtractor):
1644     IE_DESC = u'YouTube.com user videos (URL or "ytuser" keyword)'
1645     _VALID_URL = r'(?:(?:(?:https?://)?(?:\w+\.)?youtube\.com/(?:user/)?(?!(?:attribution_link|watch)(?:$|[^a-z_A-Z0-9-])))|ytuser:)(?!feed/)([A-Za-z0-9_-]+)'
1646     _TEMPLATE_URL = 'https://gdata.youtube.com/feeds/api/users/%s'
1647     _GDATA_PAGE_SIZE = 50
1648     _GDATA_URL = 'https://gdata.youtube.com/feeds/api/users/%s/uploads?max-results=%d&start-index=%d&alt=json'
1649     IE_NAME = u'youtube:user'
1650
1651     @classmethod
1652     def suitable(cls, url):
1653         # Don't return True if the url can be extracted with other youtube
1654         # extractor, the regex would is too permissive and it would match.
1655         other_ies = iter(klass for (name, klass) in globals().items() if name.endswith('IE') and klass is not cls)
1656         if any(ie.suitable(url) for ie in other_ies): return False
1657         else: return super(YoutubeUserIE, cls).suitable(url)
1658
1659     def _real_extract(self, url):
1660         # Extract username
1661         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
1662         if mobj is None:
1663             raise ExtractorError(u'Invalid URL: %s' % url)
1664
1665         username = mobj.group(1)
1666
1667         # Download video ids using YouTube Data API. Result size per
1668         # query is limited (currently to 50 videos) so we need to query
1669         # page by page until there are no video ids - it means we got
1670         # all of them.
1671
1672         def download_page(pagenum):
1673             start_index = pagenum * self._GDATA_PAGE_SIZE + 1
1674
1675             gdata_url = self._GDATA_URL % (username, self._GDATA_PAGE_SIZE, start_index)
1676             page = self._download_webpage(
1677                 gdata_url, username,
1678                 u'Downloading video ids from %d to %d' % (
1679                     start_index, start_index + self._GDATA_PAGE_SIZE))
1680
1681             try:
1682                 response = json.loads(page)
1683             except ValueError as err:
1684                 raise ExtractorError(u'Invalid JSON in API response: ' + compat_str(err))
1685             if 'entry' not in response['feed']:
1686                 return
1687
1688             # Extract video identifiers
1689             entries = response['feed']['entry']
1690             for entry in entries:
1691                 title = entry['title']['$t']
1692                 video_id = entry['id']['$t'].split('/')[-1]
1693                 yield {
1694                     '_type': 'url',
1695                     'url': video_id,
1696                     'ie_key': 'Youtube',
1697                     'id': video_id,
1698                     'title': title,
1699                 }
1700         url_results = PagedList(download_page, self._GDATA_PAGE_SIZE)
1701
1702         return self.playlist_result(url_results, playlist_title=username)
1703
1704
1705 class YoutubeSearchIE(SearchInfoExtractor):
1706     IE_DESC = u'YouTube.com searches'
1707     _API_URL = 'https://gdata.youtube.com/feeds/api/videos?q=%s&start-index=%i&max-results=50&v=2&alt=jsonc'
1708     _MAX_RESULTS = 1000
1709     IE_NAME = u'youtube:search'
1710     _SEARCH_KEY = 'ytsearch'
1711
1712     def _get_n_results(self, query, n):
1713         """Get a specified number of results for a query"""
1714
1715         video_ids = []
1716         pagenum = 0
1717         limit = n
1718
1719         while (50 * pagenum) < limit:
1720             result_url = self._API_URL % (compat_urllib_parse.quote_plus(query), (50*pagenum)+1)
1721             data_json = self._download_webpage(
1722                 result_url, video_id=u'query "%s"' % query,
1723                 note=u'Downloading page %s' % (pagenum + 1),
1724                 errnote=u'Unable to download API page')
1725             data = json.loads(data_json)
1726             api_response = data['data']
1727
1728             if 'items' not in api_response:
1729                 raise ExtractorError(
1730                     u'[youtube] No video results', expected=True)
1731
1732             new_ids = list(video['id'] for video in api_response['items'])
1733             video_ids += new_ids
1734
1735             limit = min(n, api_response['totalItems'])
1736             pagenum += 1
1737
1738         if len(video_ids) > n:
1739             video_ids = video_ids[:n]
1740         videos = [self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id)
1741                   for video_id in video_ids]
1742         return self.playlist_result(videos, query)
1743
1744 class YoutubeSearchDateIE(YoutubeSearchIE):
1745     IE_NAME = YoutubeSearchIE.IE_NAME + ':date'
1746     _API_URL = 'https://gdata.youtube.com/feeds/api/videos?q=%s&start-index=%i&max-results=50&v=2&alt=jsonc&orderby=published'
1747     _SEARCH_KEY = 'ytsearchdate'
1748     IE_DESC = u'YouTube.com searches, newest videos first'
1749
1750 class YoutubeShowIE(InfoExtractor):
1751     IE_DESC = u'YouTube.com (multi-season) shows'
1752     _VALID_URL = r'https?://www\.youtube\.com/show/(.*)'
1753     IE_NAME = u'youtube:show'
1754
1755     def _real_extract(self, url):
1756         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
1757         show_name = mobj.group(1)
1758         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, show_name, u'Downloading show webpage')
1759         # There's one playlist for each season of the show
1760         m_seasons = list(re.finditer(r'href="(/playlist\?list=.*?)"', webpage))
1761         self.to_screen(u'%s: Found %s seasons' % (show_name, len(m_seasons)))
1762         return [self.url_result('https://www.youtube.com' + season.group(1), 'YoutubePlaylist') for season in m_seasons]
1763
1764
1765 class YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
1766     """
1767     Base class for extractors that fetch info from
1768     http://www.youtube.com/feed_ajax
1769     Subclasses must define the _FEED_NAME and _PLAYLIST_TITLE properties.
1770     """
1771     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = True
1772     # use action_load_personal_feed instead of action_load_system_feed
1773     _PERSONAL_FEED = False
1774
1775     @property
1776     def _FEED_TEMPLATE(self):
1777         action = 'action_load_system_feed'
1778         if self._PERSONAL_FEED:
1779             action = 'action_load_personal_feed'
1780         return 'https://www.youtube.com/feed_ajax?%s=1&feed_name=%s&paging=%%s' % (action, self._FEED_NAME)
1781
1782     @property
1783     def IE_NAME(self):
1784         return u'youtube:%s' % self._FEED_NAME
1785
1786     def _real_initialize(self):
1787         self._login()
1788
1789     def _real_extract(self, url):
1790         feed_entries = []
1791         paging = 0
1792         for i in itertools.count(1):
1793             info = self._download_webpage(self._FEED_TEMPLATE % paging,
1794                                           u'%s feed' % self._FEED_NAME,
1795                                           u'Downloading page %s' % i)
1796             info = json.loads(info)
1797             feed_html = info['feed_html']
1798             m_ids = re.finditer(r'"/watch\?v=(.*?)["&]', feed_html)
1799             ids = orderedSet(m.group(1) for m in m_ids)
1800             feed_entries.extend(
1801                 self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id)
1802                 for video_id in ids)
1803             if info['paging'] is None:
1804                 break
1805             paging = info['paging']
1806         return self.playlist_result(feed_entries, playlist_title=self._PLAYLIST_TITLE)
1807
1808 class YoutubeSubscriptionsIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
1809     IE_DESC = u'YouTube.com subscriptions feed, "ytsubs" keyword(requires authentication)'
1810     _VALID_URL = r'https?://www\.youtube\.com/feed/subscriptions|:ytsubs(?:criptions)?'
1811     _FEED_NAME = 'subscriptions'
1812     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = u'Youtube Subscriptions'
1813
1814 class YoutubeRecommendedIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
1815     IE_DESC = u'YouTube.com recommended videos, "ytrec" keyword (requires authentication)'
1816     _VALID_URL = r'https?://www\.youtube\.com/feed/recommended|:ytrec(?:ommended)?'
1817     _FEED_NAME = 'recommended'
1818     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = u'Youtube Recommended videos'
1819
1820 class YoutubeWatchLaterIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
1821     IE_DESC = u'Youtube watch later list, "ytwatchlater" keyword (requires authentication)'
1822     _VALID_URL = r'https?://www\.youtube\.com/feed/watch_later|:ytwatchlater'
1823     _FEED_NAME = 'watch_later'
1824     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = u'Youtube Watch Later'
1825     _PERSONAL_FEED = True
1826
1827 class YoutubeHistoryIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
1828     IE_DESC = u'Youtube watch history, "ythistory" keyword (requires authentication)'
1829     _VALID_URL = u'https?://www\.youtube\.com/feed/history|:ythistory'
1830     _FEED_NAME = 'history'
1831     _PERSONAL_FEED = True
1832     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = u'Youtube Watch History'
1833
1834 class YoutubeFavouritesIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
1835     IE_NAME = u'youtube:favorites'
1836     IE_DESC = u'YouTube.com favourite videos, "ytfav" keyword (requires authentication)'
1837     _VALID_URL = r'https?://www\.youtube\.com/my_favorites|:ytfav(?:ou?rites)?'
1838     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = True
1839
1840     def _real_extract(self, url):
1841         webpage = self._download_webpage('https://www.youtube.com/my_favorites', 'Youtube Favourites videos')
1842         playlist_id = self._search_regex(r'list=(.+?)["&]', webpage, u'favourites playlist id')
1843         return self.url_result(playlist_id, 'YoutubePlaylist')
1844
1845
1846 class YoutubeTruncatedURLIE(InfoExtractor):
1847     IE_NAME = 'youtube:truncated_url'
1848     IE_DESC = False  # Do not list
1849     _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
1850         (?:https?://)?[^/]+/watch\?(?:feature=[a-z_]+)?$|
1851         (?:https?://)?(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/attribution_link\?a=[^&]+$
1852     '''
1853
1854     def _real_extract(self, url):
1855         raise ExtractorError(
1856             u'Did you forget to quote the URL? Remember that & is a meta '
1857             u'character in most shells, so you want to put the URL in quotes, '
1858             u'like  youtube-dl '
1859             u'"http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=foo&v=BaW_jenozKc" '
1860             u' or simply  youtube-dl BaW_jenozKc  .',
1861             expected=True)