+try:
+ from urllib.parse import urlencode as compat_urllib_parse_urlencode
+except ImportError: # Python 2
+ # Python 2 will choke in urlencode on mixture of byte and unicode strings.
+ # Possible solutions are to either port it from python 3 with all
+ # the friends or manually ensure input query contains only byte strings.
+ # We will stick with latter thus recursively encoding the whole query.
+ def compat_urllib_parse_urlencode(query, doseq=0, encoding='utf-8'):
+ def encode_elem(e):
+ if isinstance(e, dict):
+ e = encode_dict(e)
+ elif isinstance(e, (list, tuple,)):
+ list_e = encode_list(e)
+ e = tuple(list_e) if isinstance(e, tuple) else list_e
+ elif isinstance(e, compat_str):
+ e = e.encode(encoding)
+ return e
+
+ def encode_dict(d):
+ return dict((encode_elem(k), encode_elem(v)) for k, v in d.items())
+
+ def encode_list(l):
+ return [encode_elem(e) for e in l]
+
+ return compat_urllib_parse.urlencode(encode_elem(query), doseq=doseq)
+