_ Git - youtube-dl/blob - youtube_dl/extractor/youtube.py

   1 # coding: utf-8
   2
   3 from __future__ import unicode_literals
   4
   5
   6 import itertools
   7 import json
   8 import os.path
   9 import random
  10 import re
  11 import time
  12 import traceback
  13
  14 from .common import InfoExtractor, SearchInfoExtractor
  15 from ..jsinterp import JSInterpreter
  16 from ..swfinterp import SWFInterpreter
  17 from ..compat import (
  18     compat_chr,
  19     compat_HTTPError,
  20     compat_kwargs,
  21     compat_parse_qs,
  22     compat_urllib_parse_unquote,
  23     compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus,
  24     compat_urllib_parse_urlencode,
  25     compat_urllib_parse_urlparse,
  26     compat_urlparse,
  27     compat_str,
  28 )
  29 from ..utils import (
  30     bool_or_none,
  31     clean_html,
  32     error_to_compat_str,
  33     extract_attributes,
  34     ExtractorError,
  35     float_or_none,
  36     get_element_by_attribute,
  37     get_element_by_id,
  38     int_or_none,
  39     mimetype2ext,
  40     orderedSet,
  41     parse_codecs,
  42     parse_duration,
  43     remove_quotes,
  44     remove_start,
  45     smuggle_url,
  46     str_or_none,
  47     str_to_int,
  48     try_get,
  49     unescapeHTML,
  50     unified_strdate,
  51     unsmuggle_url,
  52     uppercase_escape,
  53     url_or_none,
  54     urlencode_postdata,
  55 )
  56
  57
  58 class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
  59     """Provide base functions for Youtube extractors"""
  60     _LOGIN_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin'
  61     _TWOFACTOR_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/signin/challenge'
  62
  63     _LOOKUP_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/sl/lookup'
  64     _CHALLENGE_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/sl/challenge'
  65     _TFA_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/challenge?hl=en&TL={0}'
  66
  67     _NETRC_MACHINE = 'youtube'
  68     # If True it will raise an error if no login info is provided
  69     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = False
  70
  71     _PLAYLIST_ID_RE = r'(?:PL|LL|EC|UU|FL|RD|UL|TL|PU|OLAK5uy_)[0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,}'
  72
  73     def _set_language(self):
  74         self._set_cookie(
  75             '.youtube.com', 'PREF', 'f1=50000000&hl=en',
  76             # YouTube sets the expire time to about two months
  77             expire_time=time.time() + 2 * 30 * 24 * 3600)
  78
  79     def _ids_to_results(self, ids):
  80         return [
  81             self.url_result(vid_id, 'Youtube', video_id=vid_id)
  82             for vid_id in ids]
  83
  84     def _login(self):
  85         """
  86         Attempt to log in to YouTube.
  87         True is returned if successful or skipped.
  88         False is returned if login failed.
  89
  90         If _LOGIN_REQUIRED is set and no authentication was provided, an error is raised.
  91         """
  92         username, password = self._get_login_info()
  93         # No authentication to be performed
  94         if username is None:
  95             if self._LOGIN_REQUIRED and self._downloader.params.get('cookiefile') is None:
  96                 raise ExtractorError('No login info available, needed for using %s.' % self.IE_NAME, expected=True)
  97             return True
  98
  99         login_page = self._download_webpage(
 100             self._LOGIN_URL, None,
 101             note='Downloading login page',
 102             errnote='unable to fetch login page', fatal=False)
 103         if login_page is False:
 104             return
 105
 106         login_form = self._hidden_inputs(login_page)
 107
 108         def req(url, f_req, note, errnote):
 109             data = login_form.copy()
 110             data.update({
 111                 'pstMsg': 1,
 112                 'checkConnection': 'youtube',
 113                 'checkedDomains': 'youtube',
 114                 'hl': 'en',
 115                 'deviceinfo': '[null,null,null,[],null,"US",null,null,[],"GlifWebSignIn",null,[null,null,[]]]',
 116                 'f.req': json.dumps(f_req),
 117                 'flowName': 'GlifWebSignIn',
 118                 'flowEntry': 'ServiceLogin',
 119                 # TODO: reverse actual botguard identifier generation algo
 120                 'bgRequest': '["identifier",""]',
 121             })
 122             return self._download_json(
 123                 url, None, note=note, errnote=errnote,
 124                 transform_source=lambda s: re.sub(r'^[^[]*', '', s),
 125                 fatal=False,
 126                 data=urlencode_postdata(data), headers={
 127                     'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8',
 128                     'Google-Accounts-XSRF': 1,
 129                 })
 130
 131         def warn(message):
 132             self._downloader.report_warning(message)
 133
 134         lookup_req = [
 135             username,
 136             None, [], None, 'US', None, None, 2, False, True,
 137             [
 138                 None, None,
 139                 [2, 1, None, 1,
 140                  'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?passive=true&continue=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fsignin%3Fnext%3D%252F%26action_handle_signin%3Dtrue%26hl%3Den%26app%3Ddesktop%26feature%3Dsign_in_button&hl=en&service=youtube&uilel=3&requestPath=%2FServiceLogin&Page=PasswordSeparationSignIn',
 141                  None, [], 4],
 142                 1, [None, None, []], None, None, None, True
 143             ],
 144             username,
 145         ]
 146
 147         lookup_results = req(
 148             self._LOOKUP_URL, lookup_req,
 149             'Looking up account info', 'Unable to look up account info')
 150
 151         if lookup_results is False:
 152             return False
 153
 154         user_hash = try_get(lookup_results, lambda x: x[0][2], compat_str)
 155         if not user_hash:
 156             warn('Unable to extract user hash')
 157             return False
 158
 159         challenge_req = [
 160             user_hash,
 161             None, 1, None, [1, None, None, None, [password, None, True]],
 162             [
 163                 None, None, [2, 1, None, 1, 'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?passive=true&continue=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fsignin%3Fnext%3D%252F%26action_handle_signin%3Dtrue%26hl%3Den%26app%3Ddesktop%26feature%3Dsign_in_button&hl=en&service=youtube&uilel=3&requestPath=%2FServiceLogin&Page=PasswordSeparationSignIn', None, [], 4],
 164                 1, [None, None, []], None, None, None, True
 165             ]]
 166
 167         challenge_results = req(
 168             self._CHALLENGE_URL, challenge_req,
 169             'Logging in', 'Unable to log in')
 170
 171         if challenge_results is False:
 172             return
 173
 174         login_res = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[0][5], list)
 175         if login_res:
 176             login_msg = try_get(login_res, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
 177             warn(
 178                 'Unable to login: %s' % 'Invalid password'
 179                 if login_msg == 'INCORRECT_ANSWER_ENTERED' else login_msg)
 180             return False
 181
 182         res = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[0][-1], list)
 183         if not res:
 184             warn('Unable to extract result entry')
 185             return False
 186
 187         login_challenge = try_get(res, lambda x: x[0][0], list)
 188         if login_challenge:
 189             challenge_str = try_get(login_challenge, lambda x: x[2], compat_str)
 190             if challenge_str == 'TWO_STEP_VERIFICATION':
 191                 # SEND_SUCCESS - TFA code has been successfully sent to phone
 192                 # QUOTA_EXCEEDED - reached the limit of TFA codes
 193                 status = try_get(login_challenge, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
 194                 if status == 'QUOTA_EXCEEDED':
 195                     warn('Exceeded the limit of TFA codes, try later')
 196                     return False
 197
 198                 tl = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[1][2], compat_str)
 199                 if not tl:
 200                     warn('Unable to extract TL')
 201                     return False
 202
 203                 tfa_code = self._get_tfa_info('2-step verification code')
 204
 205                 if not tfa_code:
 206                     warn(
 207                         'Two-factor authentication required. Provide it either interactively or with --twofactor <code>'
 208                         '(Note that only TOTP (Google Authenticator App) codes work at this time.)')
 209                     return False
 210
 211                 tfa_code = remove_start(tfa_code, 'G-')
 212
 213                 tfa_req = [
 214                     user_hash, None, 2, None,
 215                     [
 216                         9, None, None, None, None, None, None, None,
 217                         [None, tfa_code, True, 2]
 218                     ]]
 219
 220                 tfa_results = req(
 221                     self._TFA_URL.format(tl), tfa_req,
 222                     'Submitting TFA code', 'Unable to submit TFA code')
 223
 224                 if tfa_results is False:
 225                     return False
 226
 227                 tfa_res = try_get(tfa_results, lambda x: x[0][5], list)
 228                 if tfa_res:
 229                     tfa_msg = try_get(tfa_res, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
 230                     warn(
 231                         'Unable to finish TFA: %s' % 'Invalid TFA code'
 232                         if tfa_msg == 'INCORRECT_ANSWER_ENTERED' else tfa_msg)
 233                     return False
 234
 235                 check_cookie_url = try_get(
 236                     tfa_results, lambda x: x[0][-1][2], compat_str)
 237             else:
 238                 CHALLENGES = {
 239                     'LOGIN_CHALLENGE': "This device isn't recognized. For your security, Google wants to make sure it's really you.",
 240                     'USERNAME_RECOVERY': 'Please provide additional information to aid in the recovery process.',
 241                     'REAUTH': "There is something unusual about your activity. For your security, Google wants to make sure it's really you.",
 242                 }
 243                 challenge = CHALLENGES.get(
 244                     challenge_str,
 245                     '%s returned error %s.' % (self.IE_NAME, challenge_str))
 246                 warn('%s\nGo to https://accounts.google.com/, login and solve a challenge.' % challenge)
 247                 return False
 248         else:
 249             check_cookie_url = try_get(res, lambda x: x[2], compat_str)
 250
 251         if not check_cookie_url:
 252             warn('Unable to extract CheckCookie URL')
 253             return False
 254
 255         check_cookie_results = self._download_webpage(
 256             check_cookie_url, None, 'Checking cookie', fatal=False)
 257
 258         if check_cookie_results is False:
 259             return False
 260
 261         if 'https://myaccount.google.com/' not in check_cookie_results:
 262             warn('Unable to log in')
 263             return False
 264
 265         return True
 266
 267     def _download_webpage_handle(self, *args, **kwargs):
 268         query = kwargs.get('query', {}).copy()
 269         query['disable_polymer'] = 'true'
 270         kwargs['query'] = query
 271         return super(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, self)._download_webpage_handle(
 272             *args, **compat_kwargs(kwargs))
 273
 274     def _real_initialize(self):
 275         if self._downloader is None:
 276             return
 277         self._set_language()
 278         if not self._login():
 279             return
 280
 281
 282 class YoutubeEntryListBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
 283     # Extract entries from page with "Load more" button
 284     def _entries(self, page, playlist_id):
 285         more_widget_html = content_html = page
 286         for page_num in itertools.count(1):
 287             for entry in self._process_page(content_html):
 288                 yield entry
 289
 290             mobj = re.search(r'data-uix-load-more-href="/?(?P<more>[^"]+)"', more_widget_html)
 291             if not mobj:
 292                 break
 293
 294             count = 0
 295             retries = 3
 296             while count <= retries:
 297                 try:
 298                     # Downloading page may result in intermittent 5xx HTTP error
 299                     # that is usually worked around with a retry
 300                     more = self._download_json(
 301                         'https://youtube.com/%s' % mobj.group('more'), playlist_id,
 302                         'Downloading page #%s%s'
 303                         % (page_num, ' (retry #%d)' % count if count else ''),
 304                         transform_source=uppercase_escape)
 305                     break
 306                 except ExtractorError as e:
 307                     if isinstance(e.cause, compat_HTTPError) and e.cause.code in (500, 503):
 308                         count += 1
 309                         if count <= retries:
 310                             continue
 311                     raise
 312
 313             content_html = more['content_html']
 314             if not content_html.strip():
 315                 # Some webpages show a "Load more" button but they don't
 316                 # have more videos
 317                 break
 318             more_widget_html = more['load_more_widget_html']
 319
 320
 321 class YoutubePlaylistBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeEntryListBaseInfoExtractor):
 322     def _process_page(self, content):
 323         for video_id, video_title in self.extract_videos_from_page(content):
 324             yield self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id, video_title)
 325
 326     def extract_videos_from_page_impl(self, video_re, page, ids_in_page, titles_in_page):
 327         for mobj in re.finditer(video_re, page):
 328             # The link with index 0 is not the first video of the playlist (not sure if still actual)
 329             if 'index' in mobj.groupdict() and mobj.group('id') == '0':
 330                 continue
 331             video_id = mobj.group('id')
 332             video_title = unescapeHTML(
 333                 mobj.group('title')) if 'title' in mobj.groupdict() else None
 334             if video_title:
 335                 video_title = video_title.strip()
 336             if video_title == '► Play all':
 337                 video_title = None
 338             try:
 339                 idx = ids_in_page.index(video_id)
 340                 if video_title and not titles_in_page[idx]:
 341                     titles_in_page[idx] = video_title
 342             except ValueError:
 343                 ids_in_page.append(video_id)
 344                 titles_in_page.append(video_title)
 345
 346     def extract_videos_from_page(self, page):
 347         ids_in_page = []
 348         titles_in_page = []
 349         self.extract_videos_from_page_impl(
 350             self._VIDEO_RE, page, ids_in_page, titles_in_page)
 351         return zip(ids_in_page, titles_in_page)
 352
 353
 354 class YoutubePlaylistsBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeEntryListBaseInfoExtractor):
 355     def _process_page(self, content):
 356         for playlist_id in orderedSet(re.findall(
 357                 r'<h3[^>]+class="[^"]*yt-lockup-title[^"]*"[^>]*><a[^>]+href="/?playlist\?list=([0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,})"',
 358                 content)):
 359             yield self.url_result(
 360                 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=%s' % playlist_id, 'YoutubePlaylist')
 361
 362     def _real_extract(self, url):
 363         playlist_id = self._match_id(url)
 364         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, playlist_id)
 365         title = self._og_search_title(webpage, fatal=False)
 366         return self.playlist_result(self._entries(webpage, playlist_id), playlist_id, title)
 367
 368
 369 class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
 370     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com'
 371     _VALID_URL = r"""(?x)^
 372                      (
 373                          (?:https?://|//)                                    # http(s):// or protocol-independent URL
 374                          (?:(?:(?:(?:\w+\.)?[yY][oO][uU][tT][uU][bB][eE](?:-nocookie|kids)?\.com/|
 375                             (?:www\.)?deturl\.com/www\.youtube\.com/|
 376                             (?:www\.)?pwnyoutube\.com/|
 377                             (?:www\.)?hooktube\.com/|
 378                             (?:www\.)?yourepeat\.com/|
 379                             tube\.majestyc\.net/|
 380                             # Invidious instances taken from https://github.com/omarroth/invidious/wiki/Invidious-Instances
 381                             (?:(?:www|dev)\.)?invidio\.us/|
 382                             (?:(?:www|no)\.)?invidiou\.sh/|
 383                             (?:(?:www|fi|de)\.)?invidious\.snopyta\.org/|
 384                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.kabi\.tk/|
 385                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.13ad\.de/|
 386                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.mastodon\.host/|
 387                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.nixnet\.xyz/|
 388                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.drycat\.fr/|
 389                             (?:www\.)?tube\.poal\.co/|
 390                             (?:www\.)?vid\.wxzm\.sx/|
 391                             (?:www\.)?yt\.elukerio\.org/|
 392                             (?:www\.)?yt\.lelux\.fi/|
 393                             (?:www\.)?kgg2m7yk5aybusll\.onion/|
 394                             (?:www\.)?qklhadlycap4cnod\.onion/|
 395                             (?:www\.)?axqzx4s6s54s32yentfqojs3x5i7faxza6xo3ehd4bzzsg2ii4fv2iid\.onion/|
 396                             (?:www\.)?c7hqkpkpemu6e7emz5b4vyz7idjgdvgaaa3dyimmeojqbgpea3xqjoid\.onion/|
 397                             (?:www\.)?fz253lmuao3strwbfbmx46yu7acac2jz27iwtorgmbqlkurlclmancad\.onion/|
 398                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.l4qlywnpwqsluw65ts7md3khrivpirse744un3x7mlskqauz5pyuzgqd\.onion/|
 399                             (?:www\.)?owxfohz4kjyv25fvlqilyxast7inivgiktls3th44jhk3ej3i7ya\.b32\.i2p/|
 400                             youtube\.googleapis\.com/)                        # the various hostnames, with wildcard subdomains
 401                          (?:.*?\#/)?                                          # handle anchor (#/) redirect urls
 402                          (?:                                                  # the various things that can precede the ID:
 403                              (?:(?:v|embed|e)/(?!videoseries))                # v/ or embed/ or e/
 404                              |(?:                                             # or the v= param in all its forms
 405                                  (?:(?:watch|movie)(?:_popup)?(?:\.php)?/?)?  # preceding watch(_popup|.php) or nothing (like /?v=xxxx)
 406                                  (?:\?|\#!?)                                  # the params delimiter ? or # or #!
 407                                  (?:.*?[&;])??                                # any other preceding param (like /?s=tuff&v=xxxx or ?s=tuff&amp;v=V36LpHqtcDY)
 408                                  v=
 409                              )
 410                          ))
 411                          |(?:
 412                             youtu\.be|                                        # just youtu.be/xxxx
 413                             vid\.plus|                                        # or vid.plus/xxxx
 414                             zwearz\.com/watch|                                # or zwearz.com/watch/xxxx
 415                          )/
 416                          |(?:www\.)?cleanvideosearch\.com/media/action/yt/watch\?videoId=
 417                          )
 418                      )?                                                       # all until now is optional -> you can pass the naked ID
 419                      ([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})                                      # here is it! the YouTube video ID
 420                      (?!.*?\blist=
 421                         (?:
 422                             %(playlist_id)s|                                  # combined list/video URLs are handled by the playlist IE
 423                             WL                                                # WL are handled by the watch later IE
 424                         )
 425                      )
 426                      (?(1).+)?                                                # if we found the ID, everything can follow
 427                      $""" % {'playlist_id': YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._PLAYLIST_ID_RE}
 428     _NEXT_URL_RE = r'[\?&]next_url=([^&]+)'
 429     _formats = {
 430         '5': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 400, 'height': 240, 'acodec': 'mp3', 'abr': 64, 'vcodec': 'h263'},
 431         '6': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 450, 'height': 270, 'acodec': 'mp3', 'abr': 64, 'vcodec': 'h263'},
 432         '13': {'ext': '3gp', 'acodec': 'aac', 'vcodec': 'mp4v'},
 433         '17': {'ext': '3gp', 'width': 176, 'height': 144, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 24, 'vcodec': 'mp4v'},
 434         '18': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 640, 'height': 360, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 96, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 435         '22': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 1280, 'height': 720, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 436         '34': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 640, 'height': 360, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 437         '35': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 438         # itag 36 videos are either 320x180 (BaW_jenozKc) or 320x240 (__2ABJjxzNo), abr varies as well
 439         '36': {'ext': '3gp', 'width': 320, 'acodec': 'aac', 'vcodec': 'mp4v'},
 440         '37': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 1920, 'height': 1080, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 441         '38': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 4096, 'height': 3072, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 442         '43': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 640, 'height': 360, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 443         '44': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 444         '45': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 1280, 'height': 720, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 445         '46': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 1920, 'height': 1080, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 446         '59': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 447         '78': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 448
 449
 450         # 3D videos
 451         '82': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 452         '83': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 453         '84': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 454         '85': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 455         '100': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'vp8', 'preference': -20},
 456         '101': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8', 'preference': -20},
 457         '102': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8', 'preference': -20},
 458
 459         # Apple HTTP Live Streaming
 460         '91': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 461         '92': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 462         '93': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 463         '94': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 464         '95': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 256, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 465         '96': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 256, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 466         '132': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 467         '151': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 72, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 24, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 468
 469         # DASH mp4 video
 470         '133': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 471         '134': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 472         '135': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 473         '136': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 474         '137': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 475         '138': {'ext': 'mp4', 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},  # Height can vary (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4559)
 476         '160': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 477         '212': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 478         '264': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 479         '298': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264', 'fps': 60},
 480         '299': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264', 'fps': 60},
 481         '266': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 482
 483         # Dash mp4 audio
 484         '139': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 485         '140': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 486         '141': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 256, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 487         '256': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 488         '258': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 489         '325': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'dtse', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 490         '328': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'ec-3', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 491
 492         # Dash webm
 493         '167': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'width': 640, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 494         '168': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 495         '169': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'width': 1280, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 496         '170': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'width': 1920, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 497         '218': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 498         '219': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 499         '278': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 500         '242': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 501         '243': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 502         '244': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 503         '245': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 504         '246': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 505         '247': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 506         '248': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 507         '271': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 508         # itag 272 videos are either 3840x2160 (e.g. RtoitU2A-3E) or 7680x4320 (sLprVF6d7Ug)
 509         '272': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 510         '302': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 511         '303': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 512         '308': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 513         '313': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 514         '315': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 515
 516         # Dash webm audio
 517         '171': {'ext': 'webm', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'abr': 128},
 518         '172': {'ext': 'webm', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'abr': 256},
 519
 520         # Dash webm audio with opus inside
 521         '249': {'ext': 'webm', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 50},
 522         '250': {'ext': 'webm', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 70},
 523         '251': {'ext': 'webm', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 160},
 524
 525         # RTMP (unnamed)
 526         '_rtmp': {'protocol': 'rtmp'},
 527
 528         # av01 video only formats sometimes served with "unknown" codecs
 529         '394': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
 530         '395': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
 531         '396': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
 532         '397': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
 533     }
 534     _SUBTITLE_FORMATS = ('srv1', 'srv2', 'srv3', 'ttml', 'vtt')
 535
 536     _GEO_BYPASS = False
 537
 538     IE_NAME = 'youtube'
 539     _TESTS = [
 540         {
 541             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc&t=1s&end=9',
 542             'info_dict': {
 543                 'id': 'BaW_jenozKc',
 544                 'ext': 'mp4',
 545                 'title': 'youtube-dl test video "\'/\\ä↭𝕐',
 546                 'uploader': 'Philipp Hagemeister',
 547                 'uploader_id': 'phihag',
 548                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/phihag',
 549                 'channel_id': 'UCLqxVugv74EIW3VWh2NOa3Q',
 550                 'channel_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCLqxVugv74EIW3VWh2NOa3Q',
 551                 'upload_date': '20121002',
 552                 'description': 'test chars:  "\'/\\ä↭𝕐\ntest URL: https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/1892\n\nThis is a test video for youtube-dl.\n\nFor more information, contact phihag@phihag.de .',
 553                 'categories': ['Science & Technology'],
 554                 'tags': ['youtube-dl'],
 555                 'duration': 10,
 556                 'view_count': int,
 557                 'like_count': int,
 558                 'dislike_count': int,
 559                 'start_time': 1,
 560                 'end_time': 9,
 561             }
 562         },
 563         {
 564             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UxxajLWwzqY',
 565             'note': 'Test generic use_cipher_signature video (#897)',
 566             'info_dict': {
 567                 'id': 'UxxajLWwzqY',
 568                 'ext': 'mp4',
 569                 'upload_date': '20120506',
 570                 'title': 'Icona Pop - I Love It (feat. Charli XCX) [OFFICIAL VIDEO]',
 571                 'alt_title': 'I Love It (feat. Charli XCX)',
 572                 'description': 'md5:19a2f98d9032b9311e686ed039564f63',
 573                 'tags': ['Icona Pop i love it', 'sweden', 'pop music', 'big beat records', 'big beat', 'charli',
 574                          'xcx', 'charli xcx', 'girls', 'hbo', 'i love it', "i don't care", 'icona', 'pop',
 575                          'iconic ep', 'iconic', 'love', 'it'],
 576                 'duration': 180,
 577                 'uploader': 'Icona Pop',
 578                 'uploader_id': 'IconaPop',
 579                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/IconaPop',
 580                 'creator': 'Icona Pop',
 581                 'track': 'I Love It (feat. Charli XCX)',
 582                 'artist': 'Icona Pop',
 583             }
 584         },
 585         {
 586             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=07FYdnEawAQ',
 587             'note': 'Test VEVO video with age protection (#956)',
 588             'info_dict': {
 589                 'id': '07FYdnEawAQ',
 590                 'ext': 'mp4',
 591                 'upload_date': '20130703',
 592                 'title': 'Justin Timberlake - Tunnel Vision (Official Music Video) (Explicit)',
 593                 'alt_title': 'Tunnel Vision',
 594                 'description': 'md5:07dab3356cde4199048e4c7cd93471e1',
 595                 'duration': 419,
 596                 'uploader': 'justintimberlakeVEVO',
 597                 'uploader_id': 'justintimberlakeVEVO',
 598                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/justintimberlakeVEVO',
 599                 'creator': 'Justin Timberlake',
 600                 'track': 'Tunnel Vision',
 601                 'artist': 'Justin Timberlake',
 602                 'age_limit': 18,
 603             }
 604         },
 605         {
 606             'url': '//www.YouTube.com/watch?v=yZIXLfi8CZQ',
 607             'note': 'Embed-only video (#1746)',
 608             'info_dict': {
 609                 'id': 'yZIXLfi8CZQ',
 610                 'ext': 'mp4',
 611                 'upload_date': '20120608',
 612                 'title': 'Principal Sexually Assaults A Teacher - Episode 117 - 8th June 2012',
 613                 'description': 'md5:09b78bd971f1e3e289601dfba15ca4f7',
 614                 'uploader': 'SET India',
 615                 'uploader_id': 'setindia',
 616                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/setindia',
 617                 'age_limit': 18,
 618             }
 619         },
 620         {
 621             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc&v=UxxajLWwzqY',
 622             'note': 'Use the first video ID in the URL',
 623             'info_dict': {
 624                 'id': 'BaW_jenozKc',
 625                 'ext': 'mp4',
 626                 'title': 'youtube-dl test video "\'/\\ä↭𝕐',
 627                 'uploader': 'Philipp Hagemeister',
 628                 'uploader_id': 'phihag',
 629                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/phihag',
 630                 'upload_date': '20121002',
 631                 'description': 'test chars:  "\'/\\ä↭𝕐\ntest URL: https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/1892\n\nThis is a test video for youtube-dl.\n\nFor more information, contact phihag@phihag.de .',
 632                 'categories': ['Science & Technology'],
 633                 'tags': ['youtube-dl'],
 634                 'duration': 10,
 635                 'view_count': int,
 636                 'like_count': int,
 637                 'dislike_count': int,
 638             },
 639             'params': {
 640                 'skip_download': True,
 641             },
 642         },
 643         {
 644             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a9LDPn-MO4I',
 645             'note': '256k DASH audio (format 141) via DASH manifest',
 646             'info_dict': {
 647                 'id': 'a9LDPn-MO4I',
 648                 'ext': 'm4a',
 649                 'upload_date': '20121002',
 650                 'uploader_id': '8KVIDEO',
 651                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/8KVIDEO',
 652                 'description': '',
 653                 'uploader': '8KVIDEO',
 654                 'title': 'UHDTV TEST 8K VIDEO.mp4'
 655             },
 656             'params': {
 657                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 658                 'format': '141',
 659             },
 660             'skip': 'format 141 not served anymore',
 661         },
 662         # DASH manifest with encrypted signature
 663         {
 664             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IB3lcPjvWLA',
 665             'info_dict': {
 666                 'id': 'IB3lcPjvWLA',
 667                 'ext': 'm4a',
 668                 'title': 'Afrojack, Spree Wilson - The Spark (Official Music Video) ft. Spree Wilson',
 669                 'description': 'md5:8f5e2b82460520b619ccac1f509d43bf',
 670                 'duration': 244,
 671                 'uploader': 'AfrojackVEVO',
 672                 'uploader_id': 'AfrojackVEVO',
 673                 'upload_date': '20131011',
 674             },
 675             'params': {
 676                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 677                 'format': '141/bestaudio[ext=m4a]',
 678             },
 679         },
 680         # JS player signature function name containing $
 681         {
 682             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nfWlot6h_JM',
 683             'info_dict': {
 684                 'id': 'nfWlot6h_JM',
 685                 'ext': 'm4a',
 686                 'title': 'Taylor Swift - Shake It Off',
 687                 'description': 'md5:307195cd21ff7fa352270fe884570ef0',
 688                 'duration': 242,
 689                 'uploader': 'TaylorSwiftVEVO',
 690                 'uploader_id': 'TaylorSwiftVEVO',
 691                 'upload_date': '20140818',
 692             },
 693             'params': {
 694                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 695                 'format': '141/bestaudio[ext=m4a]',
 696             },
 697         },
 698         # Controversy video
 699         {
 700             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T4XJQO3qol8',
 701             'info_dict': {
 702                 'id': 'T4XJQO3qol8',
 703                 'ext': 'mp4',
 704                 'duration': 219,
 705                 'upload_date': '20100909',
 706                 'uploader': 'Amazing Atheist',
 707                 'uploader_id': 'TheAmazingAtheist',
 708                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/TheAmazingAtheist',
 709                 'title': 'Burning Everyone\'s Koran',
 710                 'description': 'SUBSCRIBE: http://www.youtube.com/saturninefilms\n\nEven Obama has taken a stand against freedom on this issue: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/09/09/obama-gma-interview-quran_n_710282.html',
 711             }
 712         },
 713         # Normal age-gate video (No vevo, embed allowed)
 714         {
 715             'url': 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=HtVdAasjOgU',
 716             'info_dict': {
 717                 'id': 'HtVdAasjOgU',
 718                 'ext': 'mp4',
 719                 'title': 'The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt - The Sword Of Destiny Trailer',
 720                 'description': r're:(?s).{100,}About the Game\n.*?The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt.{100,}',
 721                 'duration': 142,
 722                 'uploader': 'The Witcher',
 723                 'uploader_id': 'WitcherGame',
 724                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/WitcherGame',
 725                 'upload_date': '20140605',
 726                 'age_limit': 18,
 727             },
 728         },
 729         # Age-gate video with encrypted signature
 730         {
 731             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6kLq3WMV1nU',
 732             'info_dict': {
 733                 'id': '6kLq3WMV1nU',
 734                 'ext': 'mp4',
 735                 'title': 'Dedication To My Ex (Miss That) (Lyric Video)',
 736                 'description': 'md5:33765bb339e1b47e7e72b5490139bb41',
 737                 'duration': 246,
 738                 'uploader': 'LloydVEVO',
 739                 'uploader_id': 'LloydVEVO',
 740                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/LloydVEVO',
 741                 'upload_date': '20110629',
 742                 'age_limit': 18,
 743             },
 744         },
 745         # video_info is None (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4421)
 746         # YouTube Red ad is not captured for creator
 747         {
 748             'url': '__2ABJjxzNo',
 749             'info_dict': {
 750                 'id': '__2ABJjxzNo',
 751                 'ext': 'mp4',
 752                 'duration': 266,
 753                 'upload_date': '20100430',
 754                 'uploader_id': 'deadmau5',
 755                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/deadmau5',
 756                 'creator': 'Dada Life, deadmau5',
 757                 'description': 'md5:12c56784b8032162bb936a5f76d55360',
 758                 'uploader': 'deadmau5',
 759                 'title': 'Deadmau5 - Some Chords (HD)',
 760                 'alt_title': 'This Machine Kills Some Chords',
 761             },
 762             'expected_warnings': [
 763                 'DASH manifest missing',
 764             ]
 765         },
 766         # Olympics (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4431)
 767         {
 768             'url': 'lqQg6PlCWgI',
 769             'info_dict': {
 770                 'id': 'lqQg6PlCWgI',
 771                 'ext': 'mp4',
 772                 'duration': 6085,
 773                 'upload_date': '20150827',
 774                 'uploader_id': 'olympic',
 775                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/olympic',
 776                 'description': 'HO09  - Women -  GER-AUS - Hockey - 31 July 2012 - London 2012 Olympic Games',
 777                 'uploader': 'Olympic',
 778                 'title': 'Hockey - Women -  GER-AUS - London 2012 Olympic Games',
 779             },
 780             'params': {
 781                 'skip_download': 'requires avconv',
 782             }
 783         },
 784         # Non-square pixels
 785         {
 786             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_b-2C3KPAM0',
 787             'info_dict': {
 788                 'id': '_b-2C3KPAM0',
 789                 'ext': 'mp4',
 790                 'stretched_ratio': 16 / 9.,
 791                 'duration': 85,
 792                 'upload_date': '20110310',
 793                 'uploader_id': 'AllenMeow',
 794                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/AllenMeow',
 795                 'description': 'made by Wacom from Korea | 字幕&加油添醋 by TY\'s Allen | 感謝heylisa00cavey1001同學熱情提供梗及翻譯',
 796                 'uploader': '孫ᄋᄅ',
 797                 'title': '[A-made] 變態妍字幕版 太妍 我就是這樣的人',
 798             },
 799         },
 800         # url_encoded_fmt_stream_map is empty string
 801         {
 802             'url': 'qEJwOuvDf7I',
 803             'info_dict': {
 804                 'id': 'qEJwOuvDf7I',
 805                 'ext': 'webm',
 806                 'title': 'Обсуждение судебной практики по выборам 14 сентября 2014 года в Санкт-Петербурге',
 807                 'description': '',
 808                 'upload_date': '20150404',
 809                 'uploader_id': 'spbelect',
 810                 'uploader': 'Наблюдатели Петербурга',
 811             },
 812             'params': {
 813                 'skip_download': 'requires avconv',
 814             },
 815             'skip': 'This live event has ended.',
 816         },
 817         # Extraction from multiple DASH manifests (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/6097)
 818         {
 819             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FIl7x6_3R5Y',
 820             'info_dict': {
 821                 'id': 'FIl7x6_3R5Y',
 822                 'ext': 'webm',
 823                 'title': 'md5:7b81415841e02ecd4313668cde88737a',
 824                 'description': 'md5:116377fd2963b81ec4ce64b542173306',
 825                 'duration': 220,
 826                 'upload_date': '20150625',
 827                 'uploader_id': 'dorappi2000',
 828                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/dorappi2000',
 829                 'uploader': 'dorappi2000',
 830                 'formats': 'mincount:31',
 831             },
 832             'skip': 'not actual anymore',
 833         },
 834         # DASH manifest with segment_list
 835         {
 836             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/embed/CsmdDsKjzN8',
 837             'md5': '8ce563a1d667b599d21064e982ab9e31',
 838             'info_dict': {
 839                 'id': 'CsmdDsKjzN8',
 840                 'ext': 'mp4',
 841                 'upload_date': '20150501',  # According to '<meta itemprop="datePublished"', but in other places it's 20150510
 842                 'uploader': 'Airtek',
 843                 'description': 'Retransmisión en directo de la XVIII media maratón de Zaragoza.',
 844                 'uploader_id': 'UCzTzUmjXxxacNnL8I3m4LnQ',
 845                 'title': 'Retransmisión XVIII Media maratón Zaragoza 2015',
 846             },
 847             'params': {
 848                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 849                 'format': '135',  # bestvideo
 850             },
 851             'skip': 'This live event has ended.',
 852         },
 853         {
 854             # Multifeed videos (multiple cameras), URL is for Main Camera
 855             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jqWvoWXjCVs',
 856             'info_dict': {
 857                 'id': 'jqWvoWXjCVs',
 858                 'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream',
 859                 'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 860             },
 861             'playlist': [{
 862                 'info_dict': {
 863                     'id': 'jqWvoWXjCVs',
 864                     'ext': 'mp4',
 865                     'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream (Main Camera)',
 866                     'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 867                     'duration': 7335,
 868                     'upload_date': '20150721',
 869                     'uploader': 'Beer Games Beer',
 870                     'uploader_id': 'beergamesbeer',
 871                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/beergamesbeer',
 872                     'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
 873                 },
 874             }, {
 875                 'info_dict': {
 876                     'id': '6h8e8xoXJzg',
 877                     'ext': 'mp4',
 878                     'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream (kreestuh)',
 879                     'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 880                     'duration': 7337,
 881                     'upload_date': '20150721',
 882                     'uploader': 'Beer Games Beer',
 883                     'uploader_id': 'beergamesbeer',
 884                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/beergamesbeer',
 885                     'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
 886                 },
 887             }, {
 888                 'info_dict': {
 889                     'id': 'PUOgX5z9xZw',
 890                     'ext': 'mp4',
 891                     'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream (grizzle)',
 892                     'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 893                     'duration': 7337,
 894                     'upload_date': '20150721',
 895                     'uploader': 'Beer Games Beer',
 896                     'uploader_id': 'beergamesbeer',
 897                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/beergamesbeer',
 898                     'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
 899                 },
 900             }, {
 901                 'info_dict': {
 902                     'id': 'teuwxikvS5k',
 903                     'ext': 'mp4',
 904                     'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream (zim)',
 905                     'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 906                     'duration': 7334,
 907                     'upload_date': '20150721',
 908                     'uploader': 'Beer Games Beer',
 909                     'uploader_id': 'beergamesbeer',
 910                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/beergamesbeer',
 911                     'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
 912                 },
 913             }],
 914             'params': {
 915                 'skip_download': True,
 916             },
 917             'skip': 'This video is not available.',
 918         },
 919         {
 920             # Multifeed video with comma in title (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8536)
 921             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gVfLd0zydlo',
 922             'info_dict': {
 923                 'id': 'gVfLd0zydlo',
 924                 'title': 'DevConf.cz 2016 Day 2 Workshops 1 14:00 - 15:30',
 925             },
 926             'playlist_count': 2,
 927             'skip': 'Not multifeed anymore',
 928         },
 929         {
 930             'url': 'https://vid.plus/FlRa-iH7PGw',
 931             'only_matching': True,
 932         },
 933         {
 934             'url': 'https://zwearz.com/watch/9lWxNJF-ufM/electra-woman-dyna-girl-official-trailer-grace-helbig.html',
 935             'only_matching': True,
 936         },
 937         {
 938             # Title with JS-like syntax "};" (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7468)
 939             # Also tests cut-off URL expansion in video description (see
 940             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/1892,
 941             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8164)
 942             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lsguqyKfVQg',
 943             'info_dict': {
 944                 'id': 'lsguqyKfVQg',
 945                 'ext': 'mp4',
 946                 'title': '{dark walk}; Loki/AC/Dishonored; collab w/Elflover21',
 947                 'alt_title': 'Dark Walk - Position Music',
 948                 'description': 'md5:8085699c11dc3f597ce0410b0dcbb34a',
 949                 'duration': 133,
 950                 'upload_date': '20151119',
 951                 'uploader_id': 'IronSoulElf',
 952                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/IronSoulElf',
 953                 'uploader': 'IronSoulElf',
 954                 'creator': 'Todd Haberman,  Daniel Law Heath and Aaron Kaplan',
 955                 'track': 'Dark Walk - Position Music',
 956                 'artist': 'Todd Haberman,  Daniel Law Heath and Aaron Kaplan',
 957                 'album': 'Position Music - Production Music Vol. 143 - Dark Walk',
 958             },
 959             'params': {
 960                 'skip_download': True,
 961             },
 962         },
 963         {
 964             # Tags with '};' (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7468)
 965             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ms7iBXnlUO8',
 966             'only_matching': True,
 967         },
 968         {
 969             # Video with yt:stretch=17:0
 970             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q39EVAstoRM',
 971             'info_dict': {
 972                 'id': 'Q39EVAstoRM',
 973                 'ext': 'mp4',
 974                 'title': 'Clash Of Clans#14 Dicas De Ataque Para CV 4',
 975                 'description': 'md5:ee18a25c350637c8faff806845bddee9',
 976                 'upload_date': '20151107',
 977                 'uploader_id': 'UCCr7TALkRbo3EtFzETQF1LA',
 978                 'uploader': 'CH GAMER DROID',
 979             },
 980             'params': {
 981                 'skip_download': True,
 982             },
 983             'skip': 'This video does not exist.',
 984         },
 985         {
 986             # Video licensed under Creative Commons
 987             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M4gD1WSo5mA',
 988             'info_dict': {
 989                 'id': 'M4gD1WSo5mA',
 990                 'ext': 'mp4',
 991                 'title': 'md5:e41008789470fc2533a3252216f1c1d1',
 992                 'description': 'md5:a677553cf0840649b731a3024aeff4cc',
 993                 'duration': 721,
 994                 'upload_date': '20150127',
 995                 'uploader_id': 'BerkmanCenter',
 996                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/BerkmanCenter',
 997                 'uploader': 'The Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society',
 998                 'license': 'Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed)',
 999             },
1000             'params': {
1001                 'skip_download': True,
1002             },
1003         },
1004         {
1005             # Channel-like uploader_url
1006             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eQcmzGIKrzg',
1007             'info_dict': {
1008                 'id': 'eQcmzGIKrzg',
1009                 'ext': 'mp4',
1010                 'title': 'Democratic Socialism and Foreign Policy | Bernie Sanders',
1011                 'description': 'md5:dda0d780d5a6e120758d1711d062a867',
1012                 'duration': 4060,
1013                 'upload_date': '20151119',
1014                 'uploader': 'Bernie Sanders',
1015                 'uploader_id': 'UCH1dpzjCEiGAt8CXkryhkZg',
1016                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCH1dpzjCEiGAt8CXkryhkZg',
1017                 'license': 'Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed)',
1018             },
1019             'params': {
1020                 'skip_download': True,
1021             },
1022         },
1023         {
1024             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;amp;v=V36LpHqtcDY',
1025             'only_matching': True,
1026         },
1027         {
1028             # YouTube Red paid video (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/10059)
1029             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i1Ko8UG-Tdo',
1030             'only_matching': True,
1031         },
1032         {
1033             # Rental video preview
1034             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yYr8q0y5Jfg',
1035             'info_dict': {
1036                 'id': 'uGpuVWrhIzE',
1037                 'ext': 'mp4',
1038                 'title': 'Piku - Trailer',
1039                 'description': 'md5:c36bd60c3fd6f1954086c083c72092eb',
1040                 'upload_date': '20150811',
1041                 'uploader': 'FlixMatrix',
1042                 'uploader_id': 'FlixMatrixKaravan',
1043                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/FlixMatrixKaravan',
1044                 'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
1045             },
1046             'params': {
1047                 'skip_download': True,
1048             },
1049             'skip': 'This video is not available.',
1050         },
1051         {
1052             # YouTube Red video with episode data
1053             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iqKdEhx-dD4',
1054             'info_dict': {
1055                 'id': 'iqKdEhx-dD4',
1056                 'ext': 'mp4',
1057                 'title': 'Isolation - Mind Field (Ep 1)',
1058                 'description': 'md5:46a29be4ceffa65b92d277b93f463c0f',
1059                 'duration': 2085,
1060                 'upload_date': '20170118',
1061                 'uploader': 'Vsauce',
1062                 'uploader_id': 'Vsauce',
1063                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/Vsauce',
1064                 'series': 'Mind Field',
1065                 'season_number': 1,
1066                 'episode_number': 1,
1067             },
1068             'params': {
1069                 'skip_download': True,
1070             },
1071             'expected_warnings': [
1072                 'Skipping DASH manifest',
1073             ],
1074         },
1075         {
1076             # The following content has been identified by the YouTube community
1077             # as inappropriate or offensive to some audiences.
1078             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6SJNVb0GnPI',
1079             'info_dict': {
1080                 'id': '6SJNVb0GnPI',
1081                 'ext': 'mp4',
1082                 'title': 'Race Differences in Intelligence',
1083                 'description': 'md5:5d161533167390427a1f8ee89a1fc6f1',
1084                 'duration': 965,
1085                 'upload_date': '20140124',
1086                 'uploader': 'New Century Foundation',
1087                 'uploader_id': 'UCEJYpZGqgUob0zVVEaLhvVg',
1088                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCEJYpZGqgUob0zVVEaLhvVg',
1089             },
1090             'params': {
1091                 'skip_download': True,
1092             },
1093         },
1094         {
1095             # itag 212
1096             'url': '1t24XAntNCY',
1097             'only_matching': True,
1098         },
1099         {
1100             # geo restricted to JP
1101             'url': 'sJL6WA-aGkQ',
1102             'only_matching': True,
1103         },
1104         {
1105             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MuAGGZNfUkU&list=RDMM',
1106             'only_matching': True,
1107         },
1108         {
1109             'url': 'https://invidio.us/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc',
1110             'only_matching': True,
1111         },
1112         {
1113             # DRM protected
1114             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s7_qI6_mIXc',
1115             'only_matching': True,
1116         },
1117         {
1118             # Video with unsupported adaptive stream type formats
1119             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z4Vy8R84T1U',
1120             'info_dict': {
1121                 'id': 'Z4Vy8R84T1U',
1122                 'ext': 'mp4',
1123                 'title': 'saman SMAN 53 Jakarta(Sancety) opening COFFEE4th at SMAN 53 Jakarta',
1124                 'description': 'md5:d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e',
1125                 'duration': 433,
1126                 'upload_date': '20130923',
1127                 'uploader': 'Amelia Putri Harwita',
1128                 'uploader_id': 'UCpOxM49HJxmC1qCalXyB3_Q',
1129                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCpOxM49HJxmC1qCalXyB3_Q',
1130                 'formats': 'maxcount:10',
1131             },
1132             'params': {
1133                 'skip_download': True,
1134                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': False,
1135             },
1136             'skip': 'not actual anymore',
1137         },
1138         {
1139             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1140             'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/watch?v=MgNrAu2pzNs',
1141             'info_dict': {
1142                 'id': 'MgNrAu2pzNs',
1143                 'ext': 'mp4',
1144                 'title': 'Voyeur Girl',
1145                 'description': 'md5:7ae382a65843d6df2685993e90a8628f',
1146                 'upload_date': '20190312',
1147                 'uploader': 'Stephen - Topic',
1148                 'uploader_id': 'UC-pWHpBjdGG69N9mM2auIAA',
1149                 'artist': 'Stephen',
1150                 'track': 'Voyeur Girl',
1151                 'album': 'it\'s too much love to know my dear',
1152                 'release_date': '20190313',
1153                 'release_year': 2019,
1154             },
1155             'params': {
1156                 'skip_download': True,
1157             },
1158         },
1159         {
1160             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1161             # Retrieve 'artist' field from 'Artist:' in video description
1162             # when it is present on youtube music video
1163             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k0jLE7tTwjY',
1164             'info_dict': {
1165                 'id': 'k0jLE7tTwjY',
1166                 'ext': 'mp4',
1167                 'title': 'Latch Feat. Sam Smith',
1168                 'description': 'md5:3cb1e8101a7c85fcba9b4fb41b951335',
1169                 'upload_date': '20150110',
1170                 'uploader': 'Various Artists - Topic',
1171                 'uploader_id': 'UCNkEcmYdjrH4RqtNgh7BZ9w',
1172                 'artist': 'Disclosure',
1173                 'track': 'Latch Feat. Sam Smith',
1174                 'album': 'Latch Featuring Sam Smith',
1175                 'release_date': '20121008',
1176                 'release_year': 2012,
1177             },
1178             'params': {
1179                 'skip_download': True,
1180             },
1181         },
1182         {
1183             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1184             # handle multiple artists on youtube music video
1185             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=74qn0eJSjpA',
1186             'info_dict': {
1187                 'id': '74qn0eJSjpA',
1188                 'ext': 'mp4',
1189                 'title': 'Eastside',
1190                 'description': 'md5:290516bb73dcbfab0dcc4efe6c3de5f2',
1191                 'upload_date': '20180710',
1192                 'uploader': 'Benny Blanco - Topic',
1193                 'uploader_id': 'UCzqz_ksRu_WkIzmivMdIS7A',
1194                 'artist': 'benny blanco, Halsey, Khalid',
1195                 'track': 'Eastside',
1196                 'album': 'Eastside',
1197                 'release_date': '20180713',
1198                 'release_year': 2018,
1199             },
1200             'params': {
1201                 'skip_download': True,
1202             },
1203         },
1204         {
1205             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1206             # handle youtube music video with release_year and no release_date
1207             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-hcAI0g-f5M',
1208             'info_dict': {
1209                 'id': '-hcAI0g-f5M',
1210                 'ext': 'mp4',
1211                 'title': 'Put It On Me',
1212                 'description': 'md5:f6422397c07c4c907c6638e1fee380a5',
1213                 'upload_date': '20180426',
1214                 'uploader': 'Matt Maeson - Topic',
1215                 'uploader_id': 'UCnEkIGqtGcQMLk73Kp-Q5LQ',
1216                 'artist': 'Matt Maeson',
1217                 'track': 'Put It On Me',
1218                 'album': 'The Hearse',
1219                 'release_date': None,
1220                 'release_year': 2018,
1221             },
1222             'params': {
1223                 'skip_download': True,
1224             },
1225         },
1226         {
1227             'url': 'https://www.youtubekids.com/watch?v=3b8nCWDgZ6Q',
1228             'only_matching': True,
1229         },
1230     ]
1231
1232     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
1233         super(YoutubeIE, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
1234         self._player_cache = {}
1235
1236     def report_video_info_webpage_download(self, video_id):
1237         """Report attempt to download video info webpage."""
1238         self.to_screen('%s: Downloading video info webpage' % video_id)
1239
1240     def report_information_extraction(self, video_id):
1241         """Report attempt to extract video information."""
1242         self.to_screen('%s: Extracting video information' % video_id)
1243
1244     def report_unavailable_format(self, video_id, format):
1245         """Report extracted video URL."""
1246         self.to_screen('%s: Format %s not available' % (video_id, format))
1247
1248     def report_rtmp_download(self):
1249         """Indicate the download will use the RTMP protocol."""
1250         self.to_screen('RTMP download detected')
1251
1252     def _signature_cache_id(self, example_sig):
1253         """ Return a string representation of a signature """
1254         return '.'.join(compat_str(len(part)) for part in example_sig.split('.'))
1255
1256     def _extract_signature_function(self, video_id, player_url, example_sig):
1257         id_m = re.match(
1258             r'.*?[-.](?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)(?:/watch_as3|/html5player(?:-new)?|(?:/[a-z]{2,3}_[A-Z]{2})?/base)?\.(?P<ext>[a-z]+)$',
1259             player_url)
1260         if not id_m:
1261             raise ExtractorError('Cannot identify player %r' % player_url)
1262         player_type = id_m.group('ext')
1263         player_id = id_m.group('id')
1264
1265         # Read from filesystem cache
1266         func_id = '%s_%s_%s' % (
1267             player_type, player_id, self._signature_cache_id(example_sig))
1268         assert os.path.basename(func_id) == func_id
1269
1270         cache_spec = self._downloader.cache.load('youtube-sigfuncs', func_id)
1271         if cache_spec is not None:
1272             return lambda s: ''.join(s[i] for i in cache_spec)
1273
1274         download_note = (
1275             'Downloading player %s' % player_url
1276             if self._downloader.params.get('verbose') else
1277             'Downloading %s player %s' % (player_type, player_id)
1278         )
1279         if player_type == 'js':
1280             code = self._download_webpage(
1281                 player_url, video_id,
1282                 note=download_note,
1283                 errnote='Download of %s failed' % player_url)
1284             res = self._parse_sig_js(code)
1285         elif player_type == 'swf':
1286             urlh = self._request_webpage(
1287                 player_url, video_id,
1288                 note=download_note,
1289                 errnote='Download of %s failed' % player_url)
1290             code = urlh.read()
1291             res = self._parse_sig_swf(code)
1292         else:
1293             assert False, 'Invalid player type %r' % player_type
1294
1295         test_string = ''.join(map(compat_chr, range(len(example_sig))))
1296         cache_res = res(test_string)
1297         cache_spec = [ord(c) for c in cache_res]
1298
1299         self._downloader.cache.store('youtube-sigfuncs', func_id, cache_spec)
1300         return res
1301
1302     def _print_sig_code(self, func, example_sig):
1303         def gen_sig_code(idxs):
1304             def _genslice(start, end, step):
1305                 starts = '' if start == 0 else str(start)
1306                 ends = (':%d' % (end + step)) if end + step >= 0 else ':'
1307                 steps = '' if step == 1 else (':%d' % step)
1308                 return 's[%s%s%s]' % (starts, ends, steps)
1309
1310             step = None
1311             # Quelch pyflakes warnings - start will be set when step is set
1312             start = '(Never used)'
1313             for i, prev in zip(idxs[1:], idxs[:-1]):
1314                 if step is not None:
1315                     if i - prev == step:
1316                         continue
1317                     yield _genslice(start, prev, step)
1318                     step = None
1319                     continue
1320                 if i - prev in [-1, 1]:
1321                     step = i - prev
1322                     start = prev
1323                     continue
1324                 else:
1325                     yield 's[%d]' % prev
1326             if step is None:
1327                 yield 's[%d]' % i
1328             else:
1329                 yield _genslice(start, i, step)
1330
1331         test_string = ''.join(map(compat_chr, range(len(example_sig))))
1332         cache_res = func(test_string)
1333         cache_spec = [ord(c) for c in cache_res]
1334         expr_code = ' + '.join(gen_sig_code(cache_spec))
1335         signature_id_tuple = '(%s)' % (
1336             ', '.join(compat_str(len(p)) for p in example_sig.split('.')))
1337         code = ('if tuple(len(p) for p in s.split(\'.\')) == %s:\n'
1338                 '    return %s\n') % (signature_id_tuple, expr_code)
1339         self.to_screen('Extracted signature function:\n' + code)
1340
1341     def _parse_sig_js(self, jscode):
1342         funcname = self._search_regex(
1343             (r'\b[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*encodeURIComponent\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1344              r'\b[a-zA-Z0-9]+\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*encodeURIComponent\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1345              r'\b(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2})\s*=\s*function\(\s*a\s*\)\s*{\s*a\s*=\s*a\.split\(\s*""\s*\)',
1346              r'(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\s*=\s*function\(\s*a\s*\)\s*{\s*a\s*=\s*a\.split\(\s*""\s*\)',
1347              # Obsolete patterns
1348              r'(["\'])signature\1\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1349              r'\.sig\|\|(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1350              r'yt\.akamaized\.net/\)\s*\|\|\s*.*?\s*[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?:encodeURIComponent\s*\()?\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1351              r'\b[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1352              r'\b[a-zA-Z0-9]+\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1353              r'\bc\s*&&\s*a\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*\([^)]*\)\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1354              r'\bc\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*\([^)]*\)\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1355              r'\bc\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*\([^)]*\)\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\('),
1356             jscode, 'Initial JS player signature function name', group='sig')
1357
1358         jsi = JSInterpreter(jscode)
1359         initial_function = jsi.extract_function(funcname)
1360         return lambda s: initial_function([s])
1361
1362     def _parse_sig_swf(self, file_contents):
1363         swfi = SWFInterpreter(file_contents)
1364         TARGET_CLASSNAME = 'SignatureDecipher'
1365         searched_class = swfi.extract_class(TARGET_CLASSNAME)
1366         initial_function = swfi.extract_function(searched_class, 'decipher')
1367         return lambda s: initial_function([s])
1368
1369     def _decrypt_signature(self, s, video_id, player_url, age_gate=False):
1370         """Turn the encrypted s field into a working signature"""
1371
1372         if player_url is None:
1373             raise ExtractorError('Cannot decrypt signature without player_url')
1374
1375         if player_url.startswith('//'):
1376             player_url = 'https:' + player_url
1377         elif not re.match(r'https?://', player_url):
1378             player_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin(
1379                 'https://www.youtube.com', player_url)
1380         try:
1381             player_id = (player_url, self._signature_cache_id(s))
1382             if player_id not in self._player_cache:
1383                 func = self._extract_signature_function(
1384                     video_id, player_url, s
1385                 )
1386                 self._player_cache[player_id] = func
1387             func = self._player_cache[player_id]
1388             if self._downloader.params.get('youtube_print_sig_code'):
1389                 self._print_sig_code(func, s)
1390             return func(s)
1391         except Exception as e:
1392             tb = traceback.format_exc()
1393             raise ExtractorError(
1394                 'Signature extraction failed: ' + tb, cause=e)
1395
1396     def _get_subtitles(self, video_id, webpage):
1397         try:
1398             subs_doc = self._download_xml(
1399                 'https://video.google.com/timedtext?hl=en&type=list&v=%s' % video_id,
1400                 video_id, note=False)
1401         except ExtractorError as err:
1402             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to download video subtitles: %s' % error_to_compat_str(err))
1403             return {}
1404
1405         sub_lang_list = {}
1406         for track in subs_doc.findall('track'):
1407             lang = track.attrib['lang_code']
1408             if lang in sub_lang_list:
1409                 continue
1410             sub_formats = []
1411             for ext in self._SUBTITLE_FORMATS:
1412                 params = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
1413                     'lang': lang,
1414                     'v': video_id,
1415                     'fmt': ext,
1416                     'name': track.attrib['name'].encode('utf-8'),
1417                 })
1418                 sub_formats.append({
1419                     'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/api/timedtext?' + params,
1420                     'ext': ext,
1421                 })
1422             sub_lang_list[lang] = sub_formats
1423         if not sub_lang_list:
1424             self._downloader.report_warning('video doesn\'t have subtitles')
1425             return {}
1426         return sub_lang_list
1427
1428     def _get_ytplayer_config(self, video_id, webpage):
1429         patterns = (
1430             # User data may contain arbitrary character sequences that may affect
1431             # JSON extraction with regex, e.g. when '};' is contained the second
1432             # regex won't capture the whole JSON. Yet working around by trying more
1433             # concrete regex first keeping in mind proper quoted string handling
1434             # to be implemented in future that will replace this workaround (see
1435             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7468,
1436             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/7599)
1437             r';ytplayer\.config\s*=\s*({.+?});ytplayer',
1438             r';ytplayer\.config\s*=\s*({.+?});',
1439         )
1440         config = self._search_regex(
1441             patterns, webpage, 'ytplayer.config', default=None)
1442         if config:
1443             return self._parse_json(
1444                 uppercase_escape(config), video_id, fatal=False)
1445
1446     def _get_automatic_captions(self, video_id, webpage):
1447         """We need the webpage for getting the captions url, pass it as an
1448            argument to speed up the process."""
1449         self.to_screen('%s: Looking for automatic captions' % video_id)
1450         player_config = self._get_ytplayer_config(video_id, webpage)
1451         err_msg = 'Couldn\'t find automatic captions for %s' % video_id
1452         if not player_config:
1453             self._downloader.report_warning(err_msg)
1454             return {}
1455         try:
1456             args = player_config['args']
1457             caption_url = args.get('ttsurl')
1458             if caption_url:
1459                 timestamp = args['timestamp']
1460                 # We get the available subtitles
1461                 list_params = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
1462                     'type': 'list',
1463                     'tlangs': 1,
1464                     'asrs': 1,
1465                 })
1466                 list_url = caption_url + '&' + list_params
1467                 caption_list = self._download_xml(list_url, video_id)
1468                 original_lang_node = caption_list.find('track')
1469                 if original_lang_node is None:
1470                     self._downloader.report_warning('Video doesn\'t have automatic captions')
1471                     return {}
1472                 original_lang = original_lang_node.attrib['lang_code']
1473                 caption_kind = original_lang_node.attrib.get('kind', '')
1474
1475                 sub_lang_list = {}
1476                 for lang_node in caption_list.findall('target'):
1477                     sub_lang = lang_node.attrib['lang_code']
1478                     sub_formats = []
1479                     for ext in self._SUBTITLE_FORMATS:
1480                         params = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
1481                             'lang': original_lang,
1482                             'tlang': sub_lang,
1483                             'fmt': ext,
1484                             'ts': timestamp,
1485                             'kind': caption_kind,
1486                         })
1487                         sub_formats.append({
1488                             'url': caption_url + '&' + params,
1489                             'ext': ext,
1490                         })
1491                     sub_lang_list[sub_lang] = sub_formats
1492                 return sub_lang_list
1493
1494             def make_captions(sub_url, sub_langs):
1495                 parsed_sub_url = compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(sub_url)
1496                 caption_qs = compat_parse_qs(parsed_sub_url.query)
1497                 captions = {}
1498                 for sub_lang in sub_langs:
1499                     sub_formats = []
1500                     for ext in self._SUBTITLE_FORMATS:
1501                         caption_qs.update({
1502                             'tlang': [sub_lang],
1503                             'fmt': [ext],
1504                         })
1505                         sub_url = compat_urlparse.urlunparse(parsed_sub_url._replace(
1506                             query=compat_urllib_parse_urlencode(caption_qs, True)))
1507                         sub_formats.append({
1508                             'url': sub_url,
1509                             'ext': ext,
1510                         })
1511                     captions[sub_lang] = sub_formats
1512                 return captions
1513
1514             # New captions format as of 22.06.2017
1515             player_response = args.get('player_response')
1516             if player_response and isinstance(player_response, compat_str):
1517                 player_response = self._parse_json(
1518                     player_response, video_id, fatal=False)
1519                 if player_response:
1520                     renderer = player_response['captions']['playerCaptionsTracklistRenderer']
1521                     base_url = renderer['captionTracks'][0]['baseUrl']
1522                     sub_lang_list = []
1523                     for lang in renderer['translationLanguages']:
1524                         lang_code = lang.get('languageCode')
1525                         if lang_code:
1526                             sub_lang_list.append(lang_code)
1527                     return make_captions(base_url, sub_lang_list)
1528
1529             # Some videos don't provide ttsurl but rather caption_tracks and
1530             # caption_translation_languages (e.g. 20LmZk1hakA)
1531             # Does not used anymore as of 22.06.2017
1532             caption_tracks = args['caption_tracks']
1533             caption_translation_languages = args['caption_translation_languages']
1534             caption_url = compat_parse_qs(caption_tracks.split(',')[0])['u'][0]
1535             sub_lang_list = []
1536             for lang in caption_translation_languages.split(','):
1537                 lang_qs = compat_parse_qs(compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(lang))
1538                 sub_lang = lang_qs.get('lc', [None])[0]
1539                 if sub_lang:
1540                     sub_lang_list.append(sub_lang)
1541             return make_captions(caption_url, sub_lang_list)
1542         # An extractor error can be raise by the download process if there are
1543         # no automatic captions but there are subtitles
1544         except (KeyError, IndexError, ExtractorError):
1545             self._downloader.report_warning(err_msg)
1546             return {}
1547
1548     def _mark_watched(self, video_id, video_info, player_response):
1549         playback_url = url_or_none(try_get(
1550             player_response,
1551             lambda x: x['playbackTracking']['videostatsPlaybackUrl']['baseUrl']) or try_get(
1552             video_info, lambda x: x['videostats_playback_base_url'][0]))
1553         if not playback_url:
1554             return
1555         parsed_playback_url = compat_urlparse.urlparse(playback_url)
1556         qs = compat_urlparse.parse_qs(parsed_playback_url.query)
1557
1558         # cpn generation algorithm is reverse engineered from base.js.
1559         # In fact it works even with dummy cpn.
1560         CPN_ALPHABET = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789-_'
1561         cpn = ''.join((CPN_ALPHABET[random.randint(0, 256) & 63] for _ in range(0, 16)))
1562
1563         qs.update({
1564             'ver': ['2'],
1565             'cpn': [cpn],
1566         })
1567         playback_url = compat_urlparse.urlunparse(
1568             parsed_playback_url._replace(query=compat_urllib_parse_urlencode(qs, True)))
1569
1570         self._download_webpage(
1571             playback_url, video_id, 'Marking watched',
1572             'Unable to mark watched', fatal=False)
1573
1574     @staticmethod
1575     def _extract_urls(webpage):
1576         # Embedded YouTube player
1577         entries = [
1578             unescapeHTML(mobj.group('url'))
1579             for mobj in re.finditer(r'''(?x)
1580             (?:
1581                 <iframe[^>]+?src=|
1582                 data-video-url=|
1583                 <embed[^>]+?src=|
1584                 embedSWF\(?:\s*|
1585                 <object[^>]+data=|
1586                 new\s+SWFObject\(
1587             )
1588             (["\'])
1589                 (?P<url>(?:https?:)?//(?:www\.)?youtube(?:-nocookie)?\.com/
1590                 (?:embed|v|p)/[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}.*?)
1591             \1''', webpage)]
1592
1593         # lazyYT YouTube embed
1594         entries.extend(list(map(
1595             unescapeHTML,
1596             re.findall(r'class="lazyYT" data-youtube-id="([^"]+)"', webpage))))
1597
1598         # Wordpress "YouTube Video Importer" plugin
1599         matches = re.findall(r'''(?x)<div[^>]+
1600             class=(?P<q1>[\'"])[^\'"]*\byvii_single_video_player\b[^\'"]*(?P=q1)[^>]+
1601             data-video_id=(?P<q2>[\'"])([^\'"]+)(?P=q2)''', webpage)
1602         entries.extend(m[-1] for m in matches)
1603
1604         return entries
1605
1606     @staticmethod
1607     def _extract_url(webpage):
1608         urls = YoutubeIE._extract_urls(webpage)
1609         return urls[0] if urls else None
1610
1611     @classmethod
1612     def extract_id(cls, url):
1613         mobj = re.match(cls._VALID_URL, url, re.VERBOSE)
1614         if mobj is None:
1615             raise ExtractorError('Invalid URL: %s' % url)
1616         video_id = mobj.group(2)
1617         return video_id
1618
1619     @staticmethod
1620     def _extract_chapters(description, duration):
1621         if not description:
1622             return None
1623         chapter_lines = re.findall(
1624             r'(?:^|<br\s*/>)([^<]*<a[^>]+onclick=["\']yt\.www\.watch\.player\.seekTo[^>]+>(\d{1,2}:\d{1,2}(?::\d{1,2})?)</a>[^>]*)(?=$|<br\s*/>)',
1625             description)
1626         if not chapter_lines:
1627             return None
1628         chapters = []
1629         for next_num, (chapter_line, time_point) in enumerate(
1630                 chapter_lines, start=1):
1631             start_time = parse_duration(time_point)
1632             if start_time is None:
1633                 continue
1634             if start_time > duration:
1635                 break
1636             end_time = (duration if next_num == len(chapter_lines)
1637                         else parse_duration(chapter_lines[next_num][1]))
1638             if end_time is None:
1639                 continue
1640             if end_time > duration:
1641                 end_time = duration
1642             if start_time > end_time:
1643                 break
1644             chapter_title = re.sub(
1645                 r'<a[^>]+>[^<]+</a>', '', chapter_line).strip(' \t-')
1646             chapter_title = re.sub(r'\s+', ' ', chapter_title)
1647             chapters.append({
1648                 'start_time': start_time,
1649                 'end_time': end_time,
1650                 'title': chapter_title,
1651             })
1652         return chapters
1653
1654     def _real_extract(self, url):
1655         url, smuggled_data = unsmuggle_url(url, {})
1656
1657         proto = (
1658             'http' if self._downloader.params.get('prefer_insecure', False)
1659             else 'https')
1660
1661         start_time = None
1662         end_time = None
1663         parsed_url = compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(url)
1664         for component in [parsed_url.fragment, parsed_url.query]:
1665             query = compat_parse_qs(component)
1666             if start_time is None and 't' in query:
1667                 start_time = parse_duration(query['t'][0])
1668             if start_time is None and 'start' in query:
1669                 start_time = parse_duration(query['start'][0])
1670             if end_time is None and 'end' in query:
1671                 end_time = parse_duration(query['end'][0])
1672
1673         # Extract original video URL from URL with redirection, like age verification, using next_url parameter
1674         mobj = re.search(self._NEXT_URL_RE, url)
1675         if mobj:
1676             url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/' + compat_urllib_parse_unquote(mobj.group(1)).lstrip('/')
1677         video_id = self.extract_id(url)
1678
1679         # Get video webpage
1680         url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s&gl=US&hl=en&has_verified=1&bpctr=9999999999' % video_id
1681         video_webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
1682
1683         # Attempt to extract SWF player URL
1684         mobj = re.search(r'swfConfig.*?"(https?:\\/\\/.*?watch.*?-.*?\.swf)"', video_webpage)
1685         if mobj is not None:
1686             player_url = re.sub(r'\\(.)', r'\1', mobj.group(1))
1687         else:
1688             player_url = None
1689
1690         dash_mpds = []
1691
1692         def add_dash_mpd(video_info):
1693             dash_mpd = video_info.get('dashmpd')
1694             if dash_mpd and dash_mpd[0] not in dash_mpds:
1695                 dash_mpds.append(dash_mpd[0])
1696
1697         def add_dash_mpd_pr(pl_response):
1698             dash_mpd = url_or_none(try_get(
1699                 pl_response, lambda x: x['streamingData']['dashManifestUrl'],
1700                 compat_str))
1701             if dash_mpd and dash_mpd not in dash_mpds:
1702                 dash_mpds.append(dash_mpd)
1703
1704         is_live = None
1705         view_count = None
1706
1707         def extract_view_count(v_info):
1708             return int_or_none(try_get(v_info, lambda x: x['view_count'][0]))
1709
1710         def extract_player_response(player_response, video_id):
1711             pl_response = str_or_none(player_response)
1712             if not pl_response:
1713                 return
1714             pl_response = self._parse_json(pl_response, video_id, fatal=False)
1715             if isinstance(pl_response, dict):
1716                 add_dash_mpd_pr(pl_response)
1717                 return pl_response
1718
1719         player_response = {}
1720
1721         # Get video info
1722         video_info = {}
1723         embed_webpage = None
1724         if re.search(r'player-age-gate-content">', video_webpage) is not None:
1725             age_gate = True
1726             # We simulate the access to the video from www.youtube.com/v/{video_id}
1727             # this can be viewed without login into Youtube
1728             url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/embed/%s' % video_id
1729             embed_webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id, 'Downloading embed webpage')
1730             data = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
1731                 'video_id': video_id,
1732                 'eurl': 'https://youtube.googleapis.com/v/' + video_id,
1733                 'sts': self._search_regex(
1734                     r'"sts"\s*:\s*(\d+)', embed_webpage, 'sts', default=''),
1735             })
1736             video_info_url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/get_video_info?' + data
1737             try:
1738                 video_info_webpage = self._download_webpage(
1739                     video_info_url, video_id,
1740                     note='Refetching age-gated info webpage',
1741                     errnote='unable to download video info webpage')
1742             except ExtractorError:
1743                 video_info_webpage = None
1744             if video_info_webpage:
1745                 video_info = compat_parse_qs(video_info_webpage)
1746                 pl_response = video_info.get('player_response', [None])[0]
1747                 player_response = extract_player_response(pl_response, video_id)
1748                 add_dash_mpd(video_info)
1749                 view_count = extract_view_count(video_info)
1750         else:
1751             age_gate = False
1752             # Try looking directly into the video webpage
1753             ytplayer_config = self._get_ytplayer_config(video_id, video_webpage)
1754             if ytplayer_config:
1755                 args = ytplayer_config['args']
1756                 if args.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map') or args.get('hlsvp'):
1757                     # Convert to the same format returned by compat_parse_qs
1758                     video_info = dict((k, [v]) for k, v in args.items())
1759                     add_dash_mpd(video_info)
1760                 # Rental video is not rented but preview is available (e.g.
1761                 # https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yYr8q0y5Jfg,
1762                 # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/10532)
1763                 if not video_info and args.get('ypc_vid'):
1764                     return self.url_result(
1765                         args['ypc_vid'], YoutubeIE.ie_key(), video_id=args['ypc_vid'])
1766                 if args.get('livestream') == '1' or args.get('live_playback') == 1:
1767                     is_live = True
1768                 if not player_response:
1769                     player_response = extract_player_response(args.get('player_response'), video_id)
1770             if not video_info or self._downloader.params.get('youtube_include_dash_manifest', True):
1771                 add_dash_mpd_pr(player_response)
1772
1773         def extract_unavailable_message():
1774             messages = []
1775             for tag, kind in (('h1', 'message'), ('div', 'submessage')):
1776                 msg = self._html_search_regex(
1777                     r'(?s)<{tag}[^>]+id=["\']unavailable-{kind}["\'][^>]*>(.+?)</{tag}>'.format(tag=tag, kind=kind),
1778                     video_webpage, 'unavailable %s' % kind, default=None)
1779                 if msg:
1780                     messages.append(msg)
1781             if messages:
1782                 return '\n'.join(messages)
1783
1784         if not video_info and not player_response:
1785             unavailable_message = extract_unavailable_message()
1786             if not unavailable_message:
1787                 unavailable_message = 'Unable to extract video data'
1788             raise ExtractorError(
1789                 'YouTube said: %s' % unavailable_message, expected=True, video_id=video_id)
1790
1791         if not isinstance(video_info, dict):
1792             video_info = {}
1793
1794         video_details = try_get(
1795             player_response, lambda x: x['videoDetails'], dict) or {}
1796
1797         video_title = video_info.get('title', [None])[0] or video_details.get('title')
1798         if not video_title:
1799             self._downloader.report_warning('Unable to extract video title')
1800             video_title = '_'
1801
1802         description_original = video_description = get_element_by_id("eow-description", video_webpage)
1803         if video_description:
1804
1805             def replace_url(m):
1806                 redir_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin(url, m.group(1))
1807                 parsed_redir_url = compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(redir_url)
1808                 if re.search(r'^(?:www\.)?(?:youtube(?:-nocookie)?\.com|youtu\.be)$', parsed_redir_url.netloc) and parsed_redir_url.path == '/redirect':
1809                     qs = compat_parse_qs(parsed_redir_url.query)
1810                     q = qs.get('q')
1811                     if q and q[0]:
1812                         return q[0]
1813                 return redir_url
1814
1815             description_original = video_description = re.sub(r'''(?x)
1816                 <a\s+
1817                     (?:[a-zA-Z-]+="[^"]*"\s+)*?
1818                     (?:title|href)="([^"]+)"\s+
1819                     (?:[a-zA-Z-]+="[^"]*"\s+)*?
1820                     class="[^"]*"[^>]*>
1821                 [^<]+\.{3}\s*
1822                 </a>
1823             ''', replace_url, video_description)
1824             video_description = clean_html(video_description)
1825         else:
1826             video_description = self._html_search_meta('description', video_webpage) or video_details.get('shortDescription')
1827
1828         if not smuggled_data.get('force_singlefeed', False):
1829             if not self._downloader.params.get('noplaylist'):
1830                 multifeed_metadata_list = try_get(
1831                     player_response,
1832                     lambda x: x['multicamera']['playerLegacyMulticameraRenderer']['metadataList'],
1833                     compat_str) or try_get(
1834                     video_info, lambda x: x['multifeed_metadata_list'][0], compat_str)
1835                 if multifeed_metadata_list:
1836                     entries = []
1837                     feed_ids = []
1838                     for feed in multifeed_metadata_list.split(','):
1839                         # Unquote should take place before split on comma (,) since textual
1840                         # fields may contain comma as well (see
1841                         # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8536)
1842                         feed_data = compat_parse_qs(compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(feed))
1843
1844                         def feed_entry(name):
1845                             return try_get(feed_data, lambda x: x[name][0], compat_str)
1846
1847                         feed_id = feed_entry('id')
1848                         if not feed_id:
1849                             continue
1850                         feed_title = feed_entry('title')
1851                         title = video_title
1852                         if feed_title:
1853                             title += ' (%s)' % feed_title
1854                         entries.append({
1855                             '_type': 'url_transparent',
1856                             'ie_key': 'Youtube',
1857                             'url': smuggle_url(
1858                                 '%s://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s' % (proto, feed_data['id'][0]),
1859                                 {'force_singlefeed': True}),
1860                             'title': title,
1861                         })
1862                         feed_ids.append(feed_id)
1863                     self.to_screen(
1864                         'Downloading multifeed video (%s) - add --no-playlist to just download video %s'
1865                         % (', '.join(feed_ids), video_id))
1866                     return self.playlist_result(entries, video_id, video_title, video_description)
1867             else:
1868                 self.to_screen('Downloading just video %s because of --no-playlist' % video_id)
1869
1870         if view_count is None:
1871             view_count = extract_view_count(video_info)
1872         if view_count is None and video_details:
1873             view_count = int_or_none(video_details.get('viewCount'))
1874
1875         if is_live is None:
1876             is_live = bool_or_none(video_details.get('isLive'))
1877
1878         # Check for "rental" videos
1879         if 'ypc_video_rental_bar_text' in video_info and 'author' not in video_info:
1880             raise ExtractorError('"rental" videos not supported. See https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/359 for more information.', expected=True)
1881
1882         def _extract_filesize(media_url):
1883             return int_or_none(self._search_regex(
1884                 r'\bclen[=/](\d+)', media_url, 'filesize', default=None))
1885
1886         streaming_formats = try_get(player_response, lambda x: x['streamingData']['formats'], list) or []
1887         streaming_formats.extend(try_get(player_response, lambda x: x['streamingData']['adaptiveFormats'], list) or [])
1888
1889         if 'conn' in video_info and video_info['conn'][0].startswith('rtmp'):
1890             self.report_rtmp_download()
1891             formats = [{
1892                 'format_id': '_rtmp',
1893                 'protocol': 'rtmp',
1894                 'url': video_info['conn'][0],
1895                 'player_url': player_url,
1896             }]
1897         elif not is_live and (streaming_formats or len(video_info.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map', [''])[0]) >= 1 or len(video_info.get('adaptive_fmts', [''])[0]) >= 1):
1898             encoded_url_map = video_info.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map', [''])[0] + ',' + video_info.get('adaptive_fmts', [''])[0]
1899             if 'rtmpe%3Dyes' in encoded_url_map:
1900                 raise ExtractorError('rtmpe downloads are not supported, see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/343 for more information.', expected=True)
1901             formats = []
1902             formats_spec = {}
1903             fmt_list = video_info.get('fmt_list', [''])[0]
1904             if fmt_list:
1905                 for fmt in fmt_list.split(','):
1906                     spec = fmt.split('/')
1907                     if len(spec) > 1:
1908                         width_height = spec[1].split('x')
1909                         if len(width_height) == 2:
1910                             formats_spec[spec[0]] = {
1911                                 'resolution': spec[1],
1912                                 'width': int_or_none(width_height[0]),
1913                                 'height': int_or_none(width_height[1]),
1914                             }
1915             for fmt in streaming_formats:
1916                 itag = str_or_none(fmt.get('itag'))
1917                 if not itag:
1918                     continue
1919                 quality = fmt.get('quality')
1920                 quality_label = fmt.get('qualityLabel') or quality
1921                 formats_spec[itag] = {
1922                     'asr': int_or_none(fmt.get('audioSampleRate')),
1923                     'filesize': int_or_none(fmt.get('contentLength')),
1924                     'format_note': quality_label,
1925                     'fps': int_or_none(fmt.get('fps')),
1926                     'height': int_or_none(fmt.get('height')),
1927                     # bitrate for itag 43 is always 2147483647
1928                     'tbr': float_or_none(fmt.get('averageBitrate') or fmt.get('bitrate'), 1000) if itag != '43' else None,
1929                     'width': int_or_none(fmt.get('width')),
1930                 }
1931
1932             for fmt in streaming_formats:
1933                 if fmt.get('drmFamilies') or fmt.get('drm_families'):
1934                     continue
1935                 url = url_or_none(fmt.get('url'))
1936
1937                 if not url:
1938                     cipher = fmt.get('cipher')
1939                     if not cipher:
1940                         continue
1941                     url_data = compat_parse_qs(cipher)
1942                     url = url_or_none(try_get(url_data, lambda x: x['url'][0], compat_str))
1943                     if not url:
1944                         continue
1945                 else:
1946                     cipher = None
1947                     url_data = compat_parse_qs(compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(url).query)
1948
1949                 stream_type = int_or_none(try_get(url_data, lambda x: x['stream_type'][0]))
1950                 # Unsupported FORMAT_STREAM_TYPE_OTF
1951                 if stream_type == 3:
1952                     continue
1953
1954                 format_id = fmt.get('itag') or url_data['itag'][0]
1955                 if not format_id:
1956                     continue
1957                 format_id = compat_str(format_id)
1958
1959                 if cipher:
1960                     if 's' in url_data or self._downloader.params.get('youtube_include_dash_manifest', True):
1961                         ASSETS_RE = r'"assets":.+?"js":\s*("[^"]+")'
1962                         jsplayer_url_json = self._search_regex(
1963                             ASSETS_RE,
1964                             embed_webpage if age_gate else video_webpage,
1965                             'JS player URL (1)', default=None)
1966                         if not jsplayer_url_json and not age_gate:
1967                             # We need the embed website after all
1968                             if embed_webpage is None:
1969                                 embed_url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/embed/%s' % video_id
1970                                 embed_webpage = self._download_webpage(
1971                                     embed_url, video_id, 'Downloading embed webpage')
1972                             jsplayer_url_json = self._search_regex(
1973                                 ASSETS_RE, embed_webpage, 'JS player URL')
1974
1975                         player_url = json.loads(jsplayer_url_json)
1976                         if player_url is None:
1977                             player_url_json = self._search_regex(
1978                                 r'ytplayer\.config.*?"url"\s*:\s*("[^"]+")',
1979                                 video_webpage, 'age gate player URL')
1980                             player_url = json.loads(player_url_json)
1981
1982                     if 'sig' in url_data:
1983                         url += '&signature=' + url_data['sig'][0]
1984                     elif 's' in url_data:
1985                         encrypted_sig = url_data['s'][0]
1986
1987                         if self._downloader.params.get('verbose'):
1988                             if player_url is None:
1989                                 player_version = 'unknown'
1990                                 player_desc = 'unknown'
1991                             else:
1992                                 if player_url.endswith('swf'):
1993                                     player_version = self._search_regex(
1994                                         r'-(.+?)(?:/watch_as3)?\.swf$', player_url,
1995                                         'flash player', fatal=False)
1996                                     player_desc = 'flash player %s' % player_version
1997                                 else:
1998                                     player_version = self._search_regex(
1999                                         [r'html5player-([^/]+?)(?:/html5player(?:-new)?)?\.js',
2000                                          r'(?:www|player(?:_ias)?)[-.]([^/]+)(?:/[a-z]{2,3}_[A-Z]{2})?/base\.js'],
2001                                         player_url,
2002                                         'html5 player', fatal=False)
2003                                     player_desc = 'html5 player %s' % player_version
2004
2005                             parts_sizes = self._signature_cache_id(encrypted_sig)
2006                             self.to_screen('{%s} signature length %s, %s' %
2007                                            (format_id, parts_sizes, player_desc))
2008
2009                         signature = self._decrypt_signature(
2010                             encrypted_sig, video_id, player_url, age_gate)
2011                         sp = try_get(url_data, lambda x: x['sp'][0], compat_str) or 'signature'
2012                         url += '&%s=%s' % (sp, signature)
2013                 if 'ratebypass' not in url:
2014                     url += '&ratebypass=yes'
2015
2016                 dct = {
2017                     'format_id': format_id,
2018                     'url': url,
2019                     'player_url': player_url,
2020                 }
2021                 if format_id in self._formats:
2022                     dct.update(self._formats[format_id])
2023                 if format_id in formats_spec:
2024                     dct.update(formats_spec[format_id])
2025
2026                 # Some itags are not included in DASH manifest thus corresponding formats will
2027                 # lack metadata (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/5993).
2028                 # Trying to extract metadata from url_encoded_fmt_stream_map entry.
2029                 mobj = re.search(r'^(?P<width>\d+)[xX](?P<height>\d+)$', url_data.get('size', [''])[0])
2030                 width, height = (int(mobj.group('width')), int(mobj.group('height'))) if mobj else (None, None)
2031
2032                 if width is None:
2033                     width = int_or_none(fmt.get('width'))
2034                 if height is None:
2035                     height = int_or_none(fmt.get('height'))
2036
2037                 filesize = int_or_none(url_data.get(
2038                     'clen', [None])[0]) or _extract_filesize(url)
2039
2040                 quality = url_data.get('quality', [None])[0] or fmt.get('quality')
2041                 quality_label = url_data.get('quality_label', [None])[0] or fmt.get('qualityLabel')
2042
2043                 tbr = (float_or_none(url_data.get('bitrate', [None])[0], 1000)
2044                        or float_or_none(fmt.get('bitrate'), 1000)) if format_id != '43' else None
2045                 fps = int_or_none(url_data.get('fps', [None])[0]) or int_or_none(fmt.get('fps'))
2046
2047                 more_fields = {
2048                     'filesize': filesize,
2049                     'tbr': tbr,
2050                     'width': width,
2051                     'height': height,
2052                     'fps': fps,
2053                     'format_note': quality_label or quality,
2054                 }
2055                 for key, value in more_fields.items():
2056                     if value:
2057                         dct[key] = value
2058                 type_ = url_data.get('type', [None])[0] or fmt.get('mimeType')
2059                 if type_:
2060                     type_split = type_.split(';')
2061                     kind_ext = type_split[0].split('/')
2062                     if len(kind_ext) == 2:
2063                         kind, _ = kind_ext
2064                         dct['ext'] = mimetype2ext(type_split[0])
2065                         if kind in ('audio', 'video'):
2066                             codecs = None
2067                             for mobj in re.finditer(
2068                                     r'(?P<key>[a-zA-Z_-]+)=(?P<quote>["\']?)(?P<val>.+?)(?P=quote)(?:;|$)', type_):
2069                                 if mobj.group('key') == 'codecs':
2070                                     codecs = mobj.group('val')
2071                                     break
2072                             if codecs:
2073                                 dct.update(parse_codecs(codecs))
2074                 if dct.get('acodec') == 'none' or dct.get('vcodec') == 'none':
2075                     dct['downloader_options'] = {
2076                         # Youtube throttles chunks >~10M
2077                         'http_chunk_size': 10485760,
2078                     }
2079                 formats.append(dct)
2080         else:
2081             manifest_url = (
2082                 url_or_none(try_get(
2083                     player_response,
2084                     lambda x: x['streamingData']['hlsManifestUrl'],
2085                     compat_str))
2086                 or url_or_none(try_get(
2087                     video_info, lambda x: x['hlsvp'][0], compat_str)))
2088             if manifest_url:
2089                 formats = []
2090                 m3u8_formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
2091                     manifest_url, video_id, 'mp4', fatal=False)
2092                 for a_format in m3u8_formats:
2093                     itag = self._search_regex(
2094                         r'/itag/(\d+)/', a_format['url'], 'itag', default=None)
2095                     if itag:
2096                         a_format['format_id'] = itag
2097                         if itag in self._formats:
2098                             dct = self._formats[itag].copy()
2099                             dct.update(a_format)
2100                             a_format = dct
2101                     a_format['player_url'] = player_url
2102                     # Accept-Encoding header causes failures in live streams on Youtube and Youtube Gaming
2103                     a_format.setdefault('http_headers', {})['Youtubedl-no-compression'] = 'True'
2104                     formats.append(a_format)
2105             else:
2106                 error_message = extract_unavailable_message()
2107                 if not error_message:
2108                     error_message = clean_html(try_get(
2109                         player_response, lambda x: x['playabilityStatus']['reason'],
2110                         compat_str))
2111                 if not error_message:
2112                     error_message = clean_html(
2113                         try_get(video_info, lambda x: x['reason'][0], compat_str))
2114                 if error_message:
2115                     raise ExtractorError(error_message, expected=True)
2116                 raise ExtractorError('no conn, hlsvp, hlsManifestUrl or url_encoded_fmt_stream_map information found in video info')
2117
2118         # uploader
2119         video_uploader = try_get(
2120             video_info, lambda x: x['author'][0],
2121             compat_str) or str_or_none(video_details.get('author'))
2122         if video_uploader:
2123             video_uploader = compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(video_uploader)
2124         else:
2125             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to extract uploader name')
2126
2127         # uploader_id
2128         video_uploader_id = None
2129         video_uploader_url = None
2130         mobj = re.search(
2131             r'<link itemprop="url" href="(?P<uploader_url>https?://www\.youtube\.com/(?:user|channel)/(?P<uploader_id>[^"]+))">',
2132             video_webpage)
2133         if mobj is not None:
2134             video_uploader_id = mobj.group('uploader_id')
2135             video_uploader_url = mobj.group('uploader_url')
2136         else:
2137             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to extract uploader nickname')
2138
2139         channel_id = (
2140             str_or_none(video_details.get('channelId'))
2141             or self._html_search_meta(
2142                 'channelId', video_webpage, 'channel id', default=None)
2143             or self._search_regex(
2144                 r'data-channel-external-id=(["\'])(?P<id>(?:(?!\1).)+)\1',
2145                 video_webpage, 'channel id', default=None, group='id'))
2146         channel_url = 'http://www.youtube.com/channel/%s' % channel_id if channel_id else None
2147
2148         # thumbnail image
2149         # We try first to get a high quality image:
2150         m_thumb = re.search(r'<span itemprop="thumbnail".*?href="(.*?)">',
2151                             video_webpage, re.DOTALL)
2152         if m_thumb is not None:
2153             video_thumbnail = m_thumb.group(1)
2154         elif 'thumbnail_url' not in video_info:
2155             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to extract video thumbnail')
2156             video_thumbnail = None
2157         else:   # don't panic if we can't find it
2158             video_thumbnail = compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(video_info['thumbnail_url'][0])
2159
2160         # upload date
2161         upload_date = self._html_search_meta(
2162             'datePublished', video_webpage, 'upload date', default=None)
2163         if not upload_date:
2164             upload_date = self._search_regex(
2165                 [r'(?s)id="eow-date.*?>(.*?)</span>',
2166                  r'(?:id="watch-uploader-info".*?>.*?|["\']simpleText["\']\s*:\s*["\'])(?:Published|Uploaded|Streamed live|Started) on (.+?)[<"\']'],
2167                 video_webpage, 'upload date', default=None)
2168         upload_date = unified_strdate(upload_date)
2169
2170         video_license = self._html_search_regex(
2171             r'<h4[^>]+class="title"[^>]*>\s*License\s*</h4>\s*<ul[^>]*>\s*<li>(.+?)</li',
2172             video_webpage, 'license', default=None)
2173
2174         m_music = re.search(
2175             r'''(?x)
2176                 <h4[^>]+class="title"[^>]*>\s*Music\s*</h4>\s*
2177                 <ul[^>]*>\s*
2178                 <li>(?P<title>.+?)
2179                 by (?P<creator>.+?)
2180                 (?:
2181                     \(.+?\)|
2182                     <a[^>]*
2183                         (?:
2184                             \bhref=["\']/red[^>]*>|             # drop possible
2185                             >\s*Listen ad-free with YouTube Red # YouTube Red ad
2186                         )
2187                     .*?
2188                 )?</li
2189             ''',
2190             video_webpage)
2191         if m_music:
2192             video_alt_title = remove_quotes(unescapeHTML(m_music.group('title')))
2193             video_creator = clean_html(m_music.group('creator'))
2194         else:
2195             video_alt_title = video_creator = None
2196
2197         def extract_meta(field):
2198             return self._html_search_regex(
2199                 r'<h4[^>]+class="title"[^>]*>\s*%s\s*</h4>\s*<ul[^>]*>\s*<li>(.+?)</li>\s*' % field,
2200                 video_webpage, field, default=None)
2201
2202         track = extract_meta('Song')
2203         artist = extract_meta('Artist')
2204         album = extract_meta('Album')
2205
2206         # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
2207         release_date = release_year = None
2208         if video_description:
2209             mobj = re.search(r'(?s)Provided to YouTube by [^\n]+\n+(?P<track>[^·]+)·(?P<artist>[^\n]+)\n+(?P<album>[^\n]+)(?:.+?℗\s*(?P<release_year>\d{4})(?!\d))?(?:.+?Released on\s*:\s*(?P<release_date>\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}))?(.+?\nArtist\s*:\s*(?P<clean_artist>[^\n]+))?', video_description)
2210             if mobj:
2211                 if not track:
2212                     track = mobj.group('track').strip()
2213                 if not artist:
2214                     artist = mobj.group('clean_artist') or ', '.join(a.strip() for a in mobj.group('artist').split('·'))
2215                 if not album:
2216                     album = mobj.group('album'.strip())
2217                 release_year = mobj.group('release_year')
2218                 release_date = mobj.group('release_date')
2219                 if release_date:
2220                     release_date = release_date.replace('-', '')
2221                     if not release_year:
2222                         release_year = int(release_date[:4])
2223                 if release_year:
2224                     release_year = int(release_year)
2225
2226         m_episode = re.search(
2227             r'<div[^>]+id="watch7-headline"[^>]*>\s*<span[^>]*>.*?>(?P<series>[^<]+)</a></b>\s*S(?P<season>\d+)\s*•\s*E(?P<episode>\d+)</span>',
2228             video_webpage)
2229         if m_episode:
2230             series = unescapeHTML(m_episode.group('series'))
2231             season_number = int(m_episode.group('season'))
2232             episode_number = int(m_episode.group('episode'))
2233         else:
2234             series = season_number = episode_number = None
2235
2236         m_cat_container = self._search_regex(
2237             r'(?s)<h4[^>]*>\s*Category\s*</h4>\s*<ul[^>]*>(.*?)</ul>',
2238             video_webpage, 'categories', default=None)
2239         if m_cat_container:
2240             category = self._html_search_regex(
2241                 r'(?s)<a[^<]+>(.*?)</a>', m_cat_container, 'category',
2242                 default=None)
2243             video_categories = None if category is None else [category]
2244         else:
2245             video_categories = None
2246
2247         video_tags = [
2248             unescapeHTML(m.group('content'))
2249             for m in re.finditer(self._meta_regex('og:video:tag'), video_webpage)]
2250
2251         def _extract_count(count_name):
2252             return str_to_int(self._search_regex(
2253                 r'-%s-button[^>]+><span[^>]+class="yt-uix-button-content"[^>]*>([\d,]+)</span>'
2254                 % re.escape(count_name),
2255                 video_webpage, count_name, default=None))
2256
2257         like_count = _extract_count('like')
2258         dislike_count = _extract_count('dislike')
2259
2260         if view_count is None:
2261             view_count = str_to_int(self._search_regex(
2262                 r'<[^>]+class=["\']watch-view-count[^>]+>\s*([\d,\s]+)', video_webpage,
2263                 'view count', default=None))
2264
2265         average_rating = (
2266             float_or_none(video_details.get('averageRating'))
2267             or try_get(video_info, lambda x: float_or_none(x['avg_rating'][0])))
2268
2269         # subtitles
2270         video_subtitles = self.extract_subtitles(video_id, video_webpage)
2271         automatic_captions = self.extract_automatic_captions(video_id, video_webpage)
2272
2273         video_duration = try_get(
2274             video_info, lambda x: int_or_none(x['length_seconds'][0]))
2275         if not video_duration:
2276             video_duration = int_or_none(video_details.get('lengthSeconds'))
2277         if not video_duration:
2278             video_duration = parse_duration(self._html_search_meta(
2279                 'duration', video_webpage, 'video duration'))
2280
2281         # annotations
2282         video_annotations = None
2283         if self._downloader.params.get('writeannotations', False):
2284             xsrf_token = self._search_regex(
2285                 r'([\'"])XSRF_TOKEN\1\s*:\s*([\'"])(?P<xsrf_token>[A-Za-z0-9+/=]+)\2',
2286                 video_webpage, 'xsrf token', group='xsrf_token', fatal=False)
2287             invideo_url = try_get(
2288                 player_response, lambda x: x['annotations'][0]['playerAnnotationsUrlsRenderer']['invideoUrl'], compat_str)
2289             if xsrf_token and invideo_url:
2290                 xsrf_field_name = self._search_regex(
2291                     r'([\'"])XSRF_FIELD_NAME\1\s*:\s*([\'"])(?P<xsrf_field_name>\w+)\2',
2292                     video_webpage, 'xsrf field name',
2293                     group='xsrf_field_name', default='session_token')
2294                 video_annotations = self._download_webpage(
2295                     self._proto_relative_url(invideo_url),
2296                     video_id, note='Downloading annotations',
2297                     errnote='Unable to download video annotations', fatal=False,
2298                     data=urlencode_postdata({xsrf_field_name: xsrf_token}))
2299
2300         chapters = self._extract_chapters(description_original, video_duration)
2301
2302         # Look for the DASH manifest
2303         if self._downloader.params.get('youtube_include_dash_manifest', True):
2304             dash_mpd_fatal = True
2305             for mpd_url in dash_mpds:
2306                 dash_formats = {}
2307                 try:
2308                     def decrypt_sig(mobj):
2309                         s = mobj.group(1)
2310                         dec_s = self._decrypt_signature(s, video_id, player_url, age_gate)
2311                         return '/signature/%s' % dec_s
2312
2313                     mpd_url = re.sub(r'/s/([a-fA-F0-9\.]+)', decrypt_sig, mpd_url)
2314
2315                     for df in self._extract_mpd_formats(
2316                             mpd_url, video_id, fatal=dash_mpd_fatal,
2317                             formats_dict=self._formats):
2318                         if not df.get('filesize'):
2319                             df['filesize'] = _extract_filesize(df['url'])
2320                         # Do not overwrite DASH format found in some previous DASH manifest
2321                         if df['format_id'] not in dash_formats:
2322                             dash_formats[df['format_id']] = df
2323                         # Additional DASH manifests may end up in HTTP Error 403 therefore
2324                         # allow them to fail without bug report message if we already have
2325                         # some DASH manifest succeeded. This is temporary workaround to reduce
2326                         # burst of bug reports until we figure out the reason and whether it
2327                         # can be fixed at all.
2328                         dash_mpd_fatal = False
2329                 except (ExtractorError, KeyError) as e:
2330                     self.report_warning(
2331                         'Skipping DASH manifest: %r' % e, video_id)
2332                 if dash_formats:
2333                     # Remove the formats we found through non-DASH, they
2334                     # contain less info and it can be wrong, because we use
2335                     # fixed values (for example the resolution). See
2336                     # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/5774 for an
2337                     # example.
2338                     formats = [f for f in formats if f['format_id'] not in dash_formats.keys()]
2339                     formats.extend(dash_formats.values())
2340
2341         # Check for malformed aspect ratio
2342         stretched_m = re.search(
2343             r'<meta\s+property="og:video:tag".*?content="yt:stretch=(?P<w>[0-9]+):(?P<h>[0-9]+)">',
2344             video_webpage)
2345         if stretched_m:
2346             w = float(stretched_m.group('w'))
2347             h = float(stretched_m.group('h'))
2348             # yt:stretch may hold invalid ratio data (e.g. for Q39EVAstoRM ratio is 17:0).
2349             # We will only process correct ratios.
2350             if w > 0 and h > 0:
2351                 ratio = w / h
2352                 for f in formats:
2353                     if f.get('vcodec') != 'none':
2354                         f['stretched_ratio'] = ratio
2355
2356         if not formats:
2357             if 'reason' in video_info:
2358                 if 'The uploader has not made this video available in your country.' in video_info['reason']:
2359                     regions_allowed = self._html_search_meta(
2360                         'regionsAllowed', video_webpage, default=None)
2361                     countries = regions_allowed.split(',') if regions_allowed else None
2362                     self.raise_geo_restricted(
2363                         msg=video_info['reason'][0], countries=countries)
2364                 reason = video_info['reason'][0]
2365                 if 'Invalid parameters' in reason:
2366                     unavailable_message = extract_unavailable_message()
2367                     if unavailable_message:
2368                         reason = unavailable_message
2369                 raise ExtractorError(
2370                     'YouTube said: %s' % reason,
2371                     expected=True, video_id=video_id)
2372             if video_info.get('license_info') or try_get(player_response, lambda x: x['streamingData']['licenseInfos']):
2373                 raise ExtractorError('This video is DRM protected.', expected=True)
2374
2375         self._sort_formats(formats)
2376
2377         self.mark_watched(video_id, video_info, player_response)
2378
2379         return {
2380             'id': video_id,
2381             'uploader': video_uploader,
2382             'uploader_id': video_uploader_id,
2383             'uploader_url': video_uploader_url,
2384             'channel_id': channel_id,
2385             'channel_url': channel_url,
2386             'upload_date': upload_date,
2387             'license': video_license,
2388             'creator': video_creator or artist,
2389             'title': video_title,
2390             'alt_title': video_alt_title or track,
2391             'thumbnail': video_thumbnail,
2392             'description': video_description,
2393             'categories': video_categories,
2394             'tags': video_tags,
2395             'subtitles': video_subtitles,
2396             'automatic_captions': automatic_captions,
2397             'duration': video_duration,
2398             'age_limit': 18 if age_gate else 0,
2399             'annotations': video_annotations,
2400             'chapters': chapters,
2401             'webpage_url': proto + '://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s' % video_id,
2402             'view_count': view_count,
2403             'like_count': like_count,
2404             'dislike_count': dislike_count,
2405             'average_rating': average_rating,
2406             'formats': formats,
2407             'is_live': is_live,
2408             'start_time': start_time,
2409             'end_time': end_time,
2410             'series': series,
2411             'season_number': season_number,
2412             'episode_number': episode_number,
2413             'track': track,
2414             'artist': artist,
2415             'album': album,
2416             'release_date': release_date,
2417             'release_year': release_year,
2418         }
2419
2420
2421 class YoutubePlaylistIE(YoutubePlaylistBaseInfoExtractor):
2422     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com playlists'
2423     _VALID_URL = r"""(?x)(?:
2424                         (?:https?://)?
2425                         (?:\w+\.)?
2426                         (?:
2427                             (?:
2428                                 youtube(?:kids)?\.com|
2429                                 invidio\.us
2430                             )
2431                             /
2432                             (?:
2433                                (?:course|view_play_list|my_playlists|artist|playlist|watch|embed/(?:videoseries|[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}))
2434                                \? (?:.*?[&;])*? (?:p|a|list)=
2435                             |  p/
2436                             )|
2437                             youtu\.be/[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}\?.*?\blist=
2438                         )
2439                         (
2440                             (?:PL|LL|EC|UU|FL|RD|UL|TL|PU|OLAK5uy_)?[0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,}
2441                             # Top tracks, they can also include dots
2442                             |(?:MC)[\w\.]*
2443                         )
2444                         .*
2445                      |
2446                         (%(playlist_id)s)
2447                      )""" % {'playlist_id': YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._PLAYLIST_ID_RE}
2448     _TEMPLATE_URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=%s'
2449     _VIDEO_RE_TPL = r'href="\s*/watch\?v=%s(?:&amp;(?:[^"]*?index=(?P<index>\d+))?(?:[^>]+>(?P<title>[^<]+))?)?'
2450     _VIDEO_RE = _VIDEO_RE_TPL % r'(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})'
2451     IE_NAME = 'youtube:playlist'
2452     _TESTS = [{
2453         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL4lCao7KL_QFVb7Iudeipvc2BCavECqzc',
2454         'info_dict': {
2455             'uploader_id': 'UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
2456             'uploader': 'Sergey M.',
2457             'id': 'PL4lCao7KL_QFVb7Iudeipvc2BCavECqzc',
2458             'title': 'youtube-dl public playlist',
2459         },
2460         'playlist_count': 1,
2461     }, {
2462         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL4lCao7KL_QFodcLWhDpGCYnngnHtQ-Xf',
2463         'info_dict': {
2464             'uploader_id': 'UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
2465             'uploader': 'Sergey M.',
2466             'id': 'PL4lCao7KL_QFodcLWhDpGCYnngnHtQ-Xf',
2467             'title': 'youtube-dl empty playlist',
2468         },
2469         'playlist_count': 0,
2470     }, {
2471         'note': 'Playlist with deleted videos (#651). As a bonus, the video #51 is also twice in this list.',
2472         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwP_SiAcdui0KVebT0mU9Apz359a4ubsC',
2473         'info_dict': {
2474             'title': '29C3: Not my department',
2475             'id': 'PLwP_SiAcdui0KVebT0mU9Apz359a4ubsC',
2476             'uploader': 'Christiaan008',
2477             'uploader_id': 'ChRiStIaAn008',
2478         },
2479         'playlist_count': 96,
2480     }, {
2481         'note': 'issue #673',
2482         'url': 'PLBB231211A4F62143',
2483         'info_dict': {
2484             'title': '[OLD]Team Fortress 2 (Class-based LP)',
2485             'id': 'PLBB231211A4F62143',
2486             'uploader': 'Wickydoo',
2487             'uploader_id': 'Wickydoo',
2488         },
2489         'playlist_mincount': 26,
2490     }, {
2491         'note': 'Large playlist',
2492         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUBABnxM4Ar9ten8Mdjj1j0Q',
2493         'info_dict': {
2494             'title': 'Uploads from Cauchemar',
2495             'id': 'UUBABnxM4Ar9ten8Mdjj1j0Q',
2496             'uploader': 'Cauchemar',
2497             'uploader_id': 'Cauchemar89',
2498         },
2499         'playlist_mincount': 799,
2500     }, {
2501         'url': 'PLtPgu7CB4gbY9oDN3drwC3cMbJggS7dKl',
2502         'info_dict': {
2503             'title': 'YDL_safe_search',
2504             'id': 'PLtPgu7CB4gbY9oDN3drwC3cMbJggS7dKl',
2505         },
2506         'playlist_count': 2,
2507         'skip': 'This playlist is private',
2508     }, {
2509         'note': 'embedded',
2510         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/embed/videoseries?list=PL6IaIsEjSbf96XFRuNccS_RuEXwNdsoEu',
2511         'playlist_count': 4,
2512         'info_dict': {
2513             'title': 'JODA15',
2514             'id': 'PL6IaIsEjSbf96XFRuNccS_RuEXwNdsoEu',
2515             'uploader': 'milan',
2516             'uploader_id': 'UCEI1-PVPcYXjB73Hfelbmaw',
2517         }
2518     }, {
2519         'url': 'http://www.youtube.com/embed/_xDOZElKyNU?list=PLsyOSbh5bs16vubvKePAQ1x3PhKavfBIl',
2520         'playlist_mincount': 485,
2521         'info_dict': {
2522             'title': '2018 Chinese New Singles (11/6 updated)',
2523             'id': 'PLsyOSbh5bs16vubvKePAQ1x3PhKavfBIl',
2524             'uploader': 'LBK',
2525             'uploader_id': 'sdragonfang',
2526         }
2527     }, {
2528         'note': 'Embedded SWF player',
2529         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/p/YN5VISEtHet5D4NEvfTd0zcgFk84NqFZ?hl=en_US&fs=1&rel=0',
2530         'playlist_count': 4,
2531         'info_dict': {
2532             'title': 'JODA7',
2533             'id': 'YN5VISEtHet5D4NEvfTd0zcgFk84NqFZ',
2534         },
2535         'skip': 'This playlist does not exist',
2536     }, {
2537         'note': 'Buggy playlist: the webpage has a "Load more" button but it doesn\'t have more videos',
2538         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUXw-G3eDE9trcvY2sBMM_aA',
2539         'info_dict': {
2540             'title': 'Uploads from Interstellar Movie',
2541             'id': 'UUXw-G3eDE9trcvY2sBMM_aA',
2542             'uploader': 'Interstellar Movie',
2543             'uploader_id': 'InterstellarMovie1',
2544         },
2545         'playlist_mincount': 21,
2546     }, {
2547         # Playlist URL that does not actually serve a playlist
2548         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqZTN594JQw&list=PLMYEtVRpaqY00V9W81Cwmzp6N6vZqfUKD4',
2549         'info_dict': {
2550             'id': 'FqZTN594JQw',
2551             'ext': 'webm',
2552             'title': "Smiley's People 01 detective, Adventure Series, Action",
2553             'uploader': 'STREEM',
2554             'uploader_id': 'UCyPhqAZgwYWZfxElWVbVJng',
2555             'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCyPhqAZgwYWZfxElWVbVJng',
2556             'upload_date': '20150526',
2557             'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
2558             'description': 'md5:507cdcb5a49ac0da37a920ece610be80',
2559             'categories': ['People & Blogs'],
2560             'tags': list,
2561             'view_count': int,
2562             'like_count': int,
2563             'dislike_count': int,
2564         },
2565         'params': {
2566             'skip_download': True,
2567         },
2568         'skip': 'This video is not available.',
2569         'add_ie': [YoutubeIE.ie_key()],
2570     }, {
2571         'url': 'https://youtu.be/yeWKywCrFtk?list=PL2qgrgXsNUG5ig9cat4ohreBjYLAPC0J5',
2572         'info_dict': {
2573             'id': 'yeWKywCrFtk',
2574             'ext': 'mp4',
2575             'title': 'Small Scale Baler and Braiding Rugs',
2576             'uploader': 'Backus-Page House Museum',
2577             'uploader_id': 'backuspagemuseum',
2578             'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/backuspagemuseum',
2579             'upload_date': '20161008',
2580             'description': 'md5:800c0c78d5eb128500bffd4f0b4f2e8a',
2581             'categories': ['Nonprofits & Activism'],
2582             'tags': list,
2583             'like_count': int,
2584             'dislike_count': int,
2585         },
2586         'params': {
2587             'noplaylist': True,
2588             'skip_download': True,
2589         },
2590     }, {
2591         # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/21844
2592         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzH6n4zXuckpfMu_4Ff8E7Z1behQks5ba',
2593         'info_dict': {
2594             'title': 'Data Analysis with Dr Mike Pound',
2595             'id': 'PLzH6n4zXuckpfMu_4Ff8E7Z1behQks5ba',
2596             'uploader_id': 'Computerphile',
2597             'uploader': 'Computerphile',
2598         },
2599         'playlist_mincount': 11,
2600     }, {
2601         'url': 'https://youtu.be/uWyaPkt-VOI?list=PL9D9FC436B881BA21',
2602         'only_matching': True,
2603     }, {
2604         'url': 'TLGGrESM50VT6acwMjAyMjAxNw',
2605         'only_matching': True,
2606     }, {
2607         # music album playlist
2608         'url': 'OLAK5uy_m4xAFdmMC5rX3Ji3g93pQe3hqLZw_9LhM',
2609         'only_matching': True,
2610     }, {
2611         'url': 'https://invidio.us/playlist?list=PLDIoUOhQQPlXr63I_vwF9GD8sAKh77dWU',
2612         'only_matching': True,
2613     }, {
2614         'url': 'https://www.youtubekids.com/watch?v=Agk7R8I8o5U&list=PUZ6jURNr1WQZCNHF0ao-c0g',
2615         'only_matching': True,
2616     }]
2617
2618     def _real_initialize(self):
2619         self._login()
2620
2621     def extract_videos_from_page(self, page):
2622         ids_in_page = []
2623         titles_in_page = []
2624
2625         for item in re.findall(
2626                 r'(<[^>]*\bdata-video-id\s*=\s*["\'][0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}[^>]+>)', page):
2627             attrs = extract_attributes(item)
2628             video_id = attrs['data-video-id']
2629             video_title = unescapeHTML(attrs.get('data-title'))
2630             if video_title:
2631                 video_title = video_title.strip()
2632             ids_in_page.append(video_id)
2633             titles_in_page.append(video_title)
2634
2635         # Fallback with old _VIDEO_RE
2636         self.extract_videos_from_page_impl(
2637             self._VIDEO_RE, page, ids_in_page, titles_in_page)
2638
2639         # Relaxed fallbacks
2640         self.extract_videos_from_page_impl(
2641             r'href="\s*/watch\?v\s*=\s*(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})', page,
2642             ids_in_page, titles_in_page)
2643         self.extract_videos_from_page_impl(
2644             r'data-video-ids\s*=\s*["\'](?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})', page,
2645             ids_in_page, titles_in_page)
2646
2647         return zip(ids_in_page, titles_in_page)
2648
2649     def _extract_mix(self, playlist_id):
2650         # The mixes are generated from a single video
2651         # the id of the playlist is just 'RD' + video_id
2652         ids = []
2653         last_id = playlist_id[-11:]
2654         for n in itertools.count(1):
2655             url = 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=%s&list=%s' % (last_id, playlist_id)
2656             webpage = self._download_webpage(
2657                 url, playlist_id, 'Downloading page {0} of Youtube mix'.format(n))
2658             new_ids = orderedSet(re.findall(
2659                 r'''(?xs)data-video-username=".*?".*?
2660                            href="/watch\?v=([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})&amp;[^"]*?list=%s''' % re.escape(playlist_id),
2661                 webpage))
2662             # Fetch new pages until all the videos are repeated, it seems that
2663             # there are always 51 unique videos.
2664             new_ids = [_id for _id in new_ids if _id not in ids]
2665             if not new_ids:
2666                 break
2667             ids.extend(new_ids)
2668             last_id = ids[-1]
2669
2670         url_results = self._ids_to_results(ids)
2671
2672         search_title = lambda class_name: get_element_by_attribute('class', class_name, webpage)
2673         title_span = (
2674             search_title('playlist-title')
2675             or search_title('title long-title')
2676             or search_title('title'))
2677         title = clean_html(title_span)
2678
2679         return self.playlist_result(url_results, playlist_id, title)
2680
2681     def _extract_playlist(self, playlist_id):
2682         url = self._TEMPLATE_URL % playlist_id
2683         page = self._download_webpage(url, playlist_id)
2684
2685         # the yt-alert-message now has tabindex attribute (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/11604)
2686         for match in re.findall(r'<div class="yt-alert-message"[^>]*>([^<]+)</div>', page):
2687             match = match.strip()
2688             # Check if the playlist exists or is private
2689             mobj = re.match(r'[^<]*(?:The|This) playlist (?P<reason>does not exist|is private)[^<]*', match)
2690             if mobj:
2691                 reason = mobj.group('reason')
2692                 message = 'This playlist %s' % reason
2693                 if 'private' in reason:
2694                     message += ', use --username or --netrc to access it'
2695                 message += '.'
2696                 raise ExtractorError(message, expected=True)
2697             elif re.match(r'[^<]*Invalid parameters[^<]*', match):
2698                 raise ExtractorError(
2699                     'Invalid parameters. Maybe URL is incorrect.',
2700                     expected=True)
2701             elif re.match(r'[^<]*Choose your language[^<]*', match):
2702                 continue
2703             else:
2704                 self.report_warning('Youtube gives an alert message: ' + match)
2705
2706         playlist_title = self._html_search_regex(
2707             r'(?s)<h1 class="pl-header-title[^"]*"[^>]*>\s*(.*?)\s*</h1>',
2708             page, 'title', default=None)
2709
2710         _UPLOADER_BASE = r'class=["\']pl-header-details[^>]+>\s*<li>\s*<a[^>]+\bhref='
2711         uploader = self._html_search_regex(
2712             r'%s["\']/(?:user|channel)/[^>]+>([^<]+)' % _UPLOADER_BASE,
2713             page, 'uploader', default=None)
2714         mobj = re.search(
2715             r'%s(["\'])(?P<path>/(?:user|channel)/(?P<uploader_id>.+?))\1' % _UPLOADER_BASE,
2716             page)
2717         if mobj:
2718             uploader_id = mobj.group('uploader_id')
2719             uploader_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin(url, mobj.group('path'))
2720         else:
2721             uploader_id = uploader_url = None
2722
2723         has_videos = True
2724
2725         if not playlist_title:
2726             try:
2727                 # Some playlist URLs don't actually serve a playlist (e.g.
2728                 # https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqZTN594JQw&list=PLMYEtVRpaqY00V9W81Cwmzp6N6vZqfUKD4)
2729                 next(self._entries(page, playlist_id))
2730             except StopIteration:
2731                 has_videos = False
2732
2733         playlist = self.playlist_result(
2734             self._entries(page, playlist_id), playlist_id, playlist_title)
2735         playlist.update({
2736             'uploader': uploader,
2737             'uploader_id': uploader_id,
2738             'uploader_url': uploader_url,
2739         })
2740
2741         return has_videos, playlist
2742
2743     def _check_download_just_video(self, url, playlist_id):
2744         # Check if it's a video-specific URL
2745         query_dict = compat_urlparse.parse_qs(compat_urlparse.urlparse(url).query)
2746         video_id = query_dict.get('v', [None])[0] or self._search_regex(
2747             r'(?:(?:^|//)youtu\.be/|youtube\.com/embed/(?!videoseries))([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})', url,
2748             'video id', default=None)
2749         if video_id:
2750             if self._downloader.params.get('noplaylist'):
2751                 self.to_screen('Downloading just video %s because of --no-playlist' % video_id)
2752                 return video_id, self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id)
2753             else:
2754                 self.to_screen('Downloading playlist %s - add --no-playlist to just download video %s' % (playlist_id, video_id))
2755                 return video_id, None
2756         return None, None
2757
2758     def _real_extract(self, url):
2759         # Extract playlist id
2760         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
2761         if mobj is None:
2762             raise ExtractorError('Invalid URL: %s' % url)
2763         playlist_id = mobj.group(1) or mobj.group(2)
2764
2765         video_id, video = self._check_download_just_video(url, playlist_id)
2766         if video:
2767             return video
2768
2769         if playlist_id.startswith(('RD', 'UL', 'PU')):
2770             # Mixes require a custom extraction process
2771             return self._extract_mix(playlist_id)
2772
2773         has_videos, playlist = self._extract_playlist(playlist_id)
2774         if has_videos or not video_id:
2775             return playlist
2776
2777         # Some playlist URLs don't actually serve a playlist (see
2778         # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/10537).
2779         # Fallback to plain video extraction if there is a video id
2780         # along with playlist id.
2781         return self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id)
2782
2783
2784 class YoutubeChannelIE(YoutubePlaylistBaseInfoExtractor):
2785     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com channels'
2786     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:youtu\.be|(?:\w+\.)?youtube(?:-nocookie|kids)?\.com|(?:www\.)?invidio\.us)/channel/(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]+)'
2787     _TEMPLATE_URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/%s/videos'
2788     _VIDEO_RE = r'(?:title="(?P<title>[^"]+)"[^>]+)?href="/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]+)&?'
2789     IE_NAME = 'youtube:channel'
2790     _TESTS = [{
2791         'note': 'paginated channel',
2792         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
2793         'playlist_mincount': 91,
2794         'info_dict': {
2795             'id': 'UUKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
2796             'title': 'Uploads from lex will',
2797             'uploader': 'lex will',
2798             'uploader_id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
2799         }
2800     }, {
2801         'note': 'Age restricted channel',
2802         # from https://www.youtube.com/user/DeusExOfficial
2803         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCs0ifCMCm1icqRbqhUINa0w',
2804         'playlist_mincount': 64,
2805         'info_dict': {
2806             'id': 'UUs0ifCMCm1icqRbqhUINa0w',
2807             'title': 'Uploads from Deus Ex',
2808             'uploader': 'Deus Ex',
2809             'uploader_id': 'DeusExOfficial',
2810         },
2811     }, {
2812         'url': 'https://invidio.us/channel/UC23qupoDRn9YOAVzeoxjOQA',
2813         'only_matching': True,
2814     }, {
2815         'url': 'https://www.youtubekids.com/channel/UCyu8StPfZWapR6rfW_JgqcA',
2816         'only_matching': True,
2817     }]
2818
2819     @classmethod
2820     def suitable(cls, url):
2821         return (False if YoutubePlaylistsIE.suitable(url) or YoutubeLiveIE.suitable(url)
2822                 else super(YoutubeChannelIE, cls).suitable(url))
2823
2824     def _build_template_url(self, url, channel_id):
2825         return self._TEMPLATE_URL % channel_id
2826
2827     def _real_extract(self, url):
2828         channel_id = self._match_id(url)
2829
2830         url = self._build_template_url(url, channel_id)
2831
2832         # Channel by page listing is restricted to 35 pages of 30 items, i.e. 1050 videos total (see #5778)
2833         # Workaround by extracting as a playlist if managed to obtain channel playlist URL
2834         # otherwise fallback on channel by page extraction
2835         channel_page = self._download_webpage(
2836             url + '?view=57', channel_id,
2837             'Downloading channel page', fatal=False)
2838         if channel_page is False:
2839             channel_playlist_id = False
2840         else:
2841             channel_playlist_id = self._html_search_meta(
2842                 'channelId', channel_page, 'channel id', default=None)
2843             if not channel_playlist_id:
2844                 channel_url = self._html_search_meta(
2845                     ('al:ios:url', 'twitter:app:url:iphone', 'twitter:app:url:ipad'),
2846                     channel_page, 'channel url', default=None)
2847                 if channel_url:
2848                     channel_playlist_id = self._search_regex(
2849                         r'vnd\.youtube://user/([0-9A-Za-z_-]+)',
2850                         channel_url, 'channel id', default=None)
2851         if channel_playlist_id and channel_playlist_id.startswith('UC'):
2852             playlist_id = 'UU' + channel_playlist_id[2:]
2853             return self.url_result(
2854                 compat_urlparse.urljoin(url, '/playlist?list=%s' % playlist_id), 'YoutubePlaylist')
2855
2856         channel_page = self._download_webpage(url, channel_id, 'Downloading page #1')
2857         autogenerated = re.search(r'''(?x)
2858                 class="[^"]*?(?:
2859                     channel-header-autogenerated-label|
2860                     yt-channel-title-autogenerated
2861                 )[^"]*"''', channel_page) is not None
2862
2863         if autogenerated:
2864             # The videos are contained in a single page
2865             # the ajax pages can't be used, they are empty
2866             entries = [
2867                 self.url_result(
2868                     video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id,
2869                     video_title=video_title)
2870                 for video_id, video_title in self.extract_videos_from_page(channel_page)]
2871             return self.playlist_result(entries, channel_id)
2872
2873         try:
2874             next(self._entries(channel_page, channel_id))
2875         except StopIteration:
2876             alert_message = self._html_search_regex(
2877                 r'(?s)<div[^>]+class=(["\']).*?\byt-alert-message\b.*?\1[^>]*>(?P<alert>[^<]+)</div>',
2878                 channel_page, 'alert', default=None, group='alert')
2879             if alert_message:
2880                 raise ExtractorError('Youtube said: %s' % alert_message, expected=True)
2881
2882         return self.playlist_result(self._entries(channel_page, channel_id), channel_id)
2883
2884
2885 class YoutubeUserIE(YoutubeChannelIE):
2886     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com user videos (URL or "ytuser" keyword)'
2887     _VALID_URL = r'(?:(?:https?://(?:\w+\.)?youtube\.com/(?:(?P<user>user|c)/)?(?!(?:attribution_link|watch|results|shared)(?:$|[^a-z_A-Z0-9-])))|ytuser:)(?!feed/)(?P<id>[A-Za-z0-9_-]+)'
2888     _TEMPLATE_URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/%s/%s/videos'
2889     IE_NAME = 'youtube:user'
2890
2891     _TESTS = [{
2892         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/TheLinuxFoundation',
2893         'playlist_mincount': 320,
2894         'info_dict': {
2895             'id': 'UUfX55Sx5hEFjoC3cNs6mCUQ',
2896             'title': 'Uploads from The Linux Foundation',
2897             'uploader': 'The Linux Foundation',
2898             'uploader_id': 'TheLinuxFoundation',
2899         }
2900     }, {
2901         # Only available via https://www.youtube.com/c/12minuteathlete/videos
2902         # but not https://www.youtube.com/user/12minuteathlete/videos
2903         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/12minuteathlete/videos',
2904         'playlist_mincount': 249,
2905         'info_dict': {
2906             'id': 'UUVjM-zV6_opMDx7WYxnjZiQ',
2907             'title': 'Uploads from 12 Minute Athlete',
2908             'uploader': '12 Minute Athlete',
2909             'uploader_id': 'the12minuteathlete',
2910         }
2911     }, {
2912         'url': 'ytuser:phihag',
2913         'only_matching': True,
2914     }, {
2915         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/gametrailers',
2916         'only_matching': True,
2917     }, {
2918         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/gametrailers',
2919         'only_matching': True,
2920     }, {
2921         # This channel is not available, geo restricted to JP
2922         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/kananishinoSMEJ/videos',
2923         'only_matching': True,
2924     }]
2925
2926     @classmethod
2927     def suitable(cls, url):
2928         # Don't return True if the url can be extracted with other youtube
2929         # extractor, the regex would is too permissive and it would match.
2930         other_yt_ies = iter(klass for (name, klass) in globals().items() if name.startswith('Youtube') and name.endswith('IE') and klass is not cls)
2931         if any(ie.suitable(url) for ie in other_yt_ies):
2932             return False
2933         else:
2934             return super(YoutubeUserIE, cls).suitable(url)
2935
2936     def _build_template_url(self, url, channel_id):
2937         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
2938         return self._TEMPLATE_URL % (mobj.group('user') or 'user', mobj.group('id'))
2939
2940
2941 class YoutubeLiveIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
2942     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com live streams'
2943     _VALID_URL = r'(?P<base_url>https?://(?:\w+\.)?youtube\.com/(?:(?:user|channel|c)/)?(?P<id>[^/]+))/live'
2944     IE_NAME = 'youtube:live'
2945
2946     _TESTS = [{
2947         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/TheYoungTurks/live',
2948         'info_dict': {
2949             'id': 'a48o2S1cPoo',
2950             'ext': 'mp4',
2951             'title': 'The Young Turks - Live Main Show',
2952             'uploader': 'The Young Turks',
2953             'uploader_id': 'TheYoungTurks',
2954             'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/TheYoungTurks',
2955             'upload_date': '20150715',
2956             'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
2957             'description': 'md5:438179573adcdff3c97ebb1ee632b891',
2958             'categories': ['News & Politics'],
2959             'tags': ['Cenk Uygur (TV Program Creator)', 'The Young Turks (Award-Winning Work)', 'Talk Show (TV Genre)'],
2960             'like_count': int,
2961             'dislike_count': int,
2962         },
2963         'params': {
2964             'skip_download': True,
2965         },
2966     }, {
2967         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1yBKRuGpC1tSM73A0ZjYjQ/live',
2968         'only_matching': True,
2969     }, {
2970         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/CommanderVideoHq/live',
2971         'only_matching': True,
2972     }, {
2973         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/TheYoungTurks/live',
2974         'only_matching': True,
2975     }]
2976
2977     def _real_extract(self, url):
2978         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
2979         channel_id = mobj.group('id')
2980         base_url = mobj.group('base_url')
2981         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, channel_id, fatal=False)
2982         if webpage:
2983             page_type = self._og_search_property(
2984                 'type', webpage, 'page type', default='')
2985             video_id = self._html_search_meta(
2986                 'videoId', webpage, 'video id', default=None)
2987             if page_type.startswith('video') and video_id and re.match(
2988                     r'^[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}$', video_id):
2989                 return self.url_result(video_id, YoutubeIE.ie_key())
2990         return self.url_result(base_url)
2991
2992
2993 class YoutubePlaylistsIE(YoutubePlaylistsBaseInfoExtractor):
2994     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com user/channel playlists'
2995     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:\w+\.)?youtube\.com/(?:user|channel)/(?P<id>[^/]+)/playlists'
2996     IE_NAME = 'youtube:playlists'
2997
2998     _TESTS = [{
2999         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/ThirstForScience/playlists',
3000         'playlist_mincount': 4,
3001         'info_dict': {
3002             'id': 'ThirstForScience',
3003             'title': 'ThirstForScience',
3004         },
3005     }, {
3006         # with "Load more" button
3007         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/igorkle1/playlists?view=1&sort=dd',
3008         'playlist_mincount': 70,
3009         'info_dict': {
3010             'id': 'igorkle1',
3011             'title': 'Игорь Клейнер',
3012         },
3013     }, {
3014         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCiU1dHvZObB2iP6xkJ__Icw/playlists',
3015         'playlist_mincount': 17,
3016         'info_dict': {
3017             'id': 'UCiU1dHvZObB2iP6xkJ__Icw',
3018             'title': 'Chem Player',
3019         },
3020         'skip': 'Blocked',
3021     }]
3022
3023
3024 class YoutubeSearchBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubePlaylistBaseInfoExtractor):
3025     _VIDEO_RE = r'href="\s*/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})(?:[^"]*"[^>]+\btitle="(?P<title>[^"]+))?'
3026
3027
3028 class YoutubeSearchIE(SearchInfoExtractor, YoutubeSearchBaseInfoExtractor):
3029     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com searches'
3030     # there doesn't appear to be a real limit, for example if you search for
3031     # 'python' you get more than 8.000.000 results
3032     _MAX_RESULTS = float('inf')
3033     IE_NAME = 'youtube:search'
3034     _SEARCH_KEY = 'ytsearch'
3035     _EXTRA_QUERY_ARGS = {}
3036     _TESTS = []
3037
3038     def _get_n_results(self, query, n):
3039         """Get a specified number of results for a query"""
3040
3041         videos = []
3042         limit = n
3043
3044         url_query = {
3045             'search_query': query.encode('utf-8'),
3046         }
3047         url_query.update(self._EXTRA_QUERY_ARGS)
3048         result_url = 'https://www.youtube.com/results?' + compat_urllib_parse_urlencode(url_query)
3049
3050         for pagenum in itertools.count(1):
3051             data = self._download_json(
3052                 result_url, video_id='query "%s"' % query,
3053                 note='Downloading page %s' % pagenum,
3054                 errnote='Unable to download API page',
3055                 query={'spf': 'navigate'})
3056             html_content = data[1]['body']['content']
3057
3058             if 'class="search-message' in html_content:
3059                 raise ExtractorError(
3060                     '[youtube] No video results', expected=True)
3061
3062             new_videos = list(self._process_page(html_content))
3063             videos += new_videos
3064             if not new_videos or len(videos) > limit:
3065                 break
3066             next_link = self._html_search_regex(
3067                 r'href="(/results\?[^"]*\bsp=[^"]+)"[^>]*>\s*<span[^>]+class="[^"]*\byt-uix-button-content\b[^"]*"[^>]*>Next',
3068                 html_content, 'next link', default=None)
3069             if next_link is None:
3070                 break
3071             result_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin('https://www.youtube.com/', next_link)
3072
3073         if len(videos) > n:
3074             videos = videos[:n]
3075         return self.playlist_result(videos, query)
3076
3077
3078 class YoutubeSearchDateIE(YoutubeSearchIE):
3079     IE_NAME = YoutubeSearchIE.IE_NAME + ':date'
3080     _SEARCH_KEY = 'ytsearchdate'
3081     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com searches, newest videos first'
3082     _EXTRA_QUERY_ARGS = {'search_sort': 'video_date_uploaded'}
3083
3084
3085 class YoutubeSearchURLIE(YoutubeSearchBaseInfoExtractor):
3086     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com search URLs'
3087     IE_NAME = 'youtube:search_url'
3088     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/results\?(.*?&)?(?:search_query|q)=(?P<query>[^&]+)(?:[&]|$)'
3089     _TESTS = [{
3090         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/results?baz=bar&search_query=youtube-dl+test+video&filters=video&lclk=video',
3091         'playlist_mincount': 5,
3092         'info_dict': {
3093             'title': 'youtube-dl test video',
3094         }
3095     }, {
3096         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/results?q=test&sp=EgQIBBgB',
3097         'only_matching': True,
3098     }]
3099
3100     def _real_extract(self, url):
3101         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
3102         query = compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(mobj.group('query'))
3103         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, query)
3104         return self.playlist_result(self._process_page(webpage), playlist_title=query)
3105
3106
3107 class YoutubeShowIE(YoutubePlaylistsBaseInfoExtractor):
3108     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com (multi-season) shows'
3109     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/show/(?P<id>[^?#]*)'
3110     IE_NAME = 'youtube:show'
3111     _TESTS = [{
3112         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/show/airdisasters',
3113         'playlist_mincount': 5,
3114         'info_dict': {
3115             'id': 'airdisasters',
3116             'title': 'Air Disasters',
3117         }
3118     }]
3119
3120     def _real_extract(self, url):
3121         playlist_id = self._match_id(url)
3122         return super(YoutubeShowIE, self)._real_extract(
3123             'https://www.youtube.com/show/%s/playlists' % playlist_id)
3124
3125
3126 class YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
3127     """
3128     Base class for feed extractors
3129     Subclasses must define the _FEED_NAME and _PLAYLIST_TITLE properties.
3130     """
3131     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = True
3132
3133     @property
3134     def IE_NAME(self):
3135         return 'youtube:%s' % self._FEED_NAME
3136
3137     def _real_initialize(self):
3138         self._login()
3139
3140     def _entries(self, page):
3141         # The extraction process is the same as for playlists, but the regex
3142         # for the video ids doesn't contain an index
3143         ids = []
3144         more_widget_html = content_html = page
3145         for page_num in itertools.count(1):
3146             matches = re.findall(r'href="\s*/watch\?v=([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})', content_html)
3147
3148             # 'recommended' feed has infinite 'load more' and each new portion spins
3149             # the same videos in (sometimes) slightly different order, so we'll check
3150             # for unicity and break when portion has no new videos
3151             new_ids = list(filter(lambda video_id: video_id not in ids, orderedSet(matches)))
3152             if not new_ids:
3153                 break
3154
3155             ids.extend(new_ids)
3156
3157             for entry in self._ids_to_results(new_ids):
3158                 yield entry
3159
3160             mobj = re.search(r'data-uix-load-more-href="/?(?P<more>[^"]+)"', more_widget_html)
3161             if not mobj:
3162                 break
3163
3164             more = self._download_json(
3165                 'https://youtube.com/%s' % mobj.group('more'), self._PLAYLIST_TITLE,
3166                 'Downloading page #%s' % page_num,
3167                 transform_source=uppercase_escape)
3168             content_html = more['content_html']
3169             more_widget_html = more['load_more_widget_html']
3170
3171     def _real_extract(self, url):
3172         page = self._download_webpage(
3173             'https://www.youtube.com/feed/%s' % self._FEED_NAME,
3174             self._PLAYLIST_TITLE)
3175         return self.playlist_result(
3176             self._entries(page), playlist_title=self._PLAYLIST_TITLE)
3177
3178
3179 class YoutubeWatchLaterIE(YoutubePlaylistIE):
3180     IE_NAME = 'youtube:watchlater'
3181     IE_DESC = 'Youtube watch later list, ":ytwatchlater" for short (requires authentication)'
3182     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/(?:feed/watch_later|(?:playlist|watch)\?(?:.+&)?list=WL)|:ytwatchlater'
3183
3184     _TESTS = [{
3185         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=WL',
3186         'only_matching': True,
3187     }, {
3188         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bCNU9TrbiRk&index=1&list=WL',
3189         'only_matching': True,
3190     }]
3191
3192     def _real_extract(self, url):
3193         _, video = self._check_download_just_video(url, 'WL')
3194         if video:
3195             return video
3196         _, playlist = self._extract_playlist('WL')
3197         return playlist
3198
3199
3200 class YoutubeFavouritesIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
3201     IE_NAME = 'youtube:favorites'
3202     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com favourite videos, ":ytfav" for short (requires authentication)'
3203     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/my_favorites|:ytfav(?:ou?rites)?'
3204     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = True
3205
3206     def _real_extract(self, url):
3207         webpage = self._download_webpage('https://www.youtube.com/my_favorites', 'Youtube Favourites videos')
3208         playlist_id = self._search_regex(r'list=(.+?)["&]', webpage, 'favourites playlist id')
3209         return self.url_result(playlist_id, 'YoutubePlaylist')
3210
3211
3212 class YoutubeRecommendedIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
3213     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com recommended videos, ":ytrec" for short (requires authentication)'
3214     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/feed/recommended|:ytrec(?:ommended)?'
3215     _FEED_NAME = 'recommended'
3216     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = 'Youtube Recommended videos'
3217
3218
3219 class YoutubeSubscriptionsIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
3220     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com subscriptions feed, "ytsubs" keyword (requires authentication)'
3221     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/feed/subscriptions|:ytsubs(?:criptions)?'
3222     _FEED_NAME = 'subscriptions'
3223     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = 'Youtube Subscriptions'
3224
3225
3226 class YoutubeHistoryIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
3227     IE_DESC = 'Youtube watch history, ":ythistory" for short (requires authentication)'
3228     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/feed/history|:ythistory'
3229     _FEED_NAME = 'history'
3230     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = 'Youtube History'
3231
3232
3233 class YoutubeTruncatedURLIE(InfoExtractor):
3234     IE_NAME = 'youtube:truncated_url'
3235     IE_DESC = False  # Do not list
3236     _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
3237         (?:https?://)?
3238         (?:\w+\.)?[yY][oO][uU][tT][uU][bB][eE](?:-nocookie)?\.com/
3239         (?:watch\?(?:
3240             feature=[a-z_]+|
3241             annotation_id=annotation_[^&]+|
3242             x-yt-cl=[0-9]+|
3243             hl=[^&]*|
3244             t=[0-9]+
3245         )?
3246         |
3247             attribution_link\?a=[^&]+
3248         )
3249         $
3250     '''
3251
3252     _TESTS = [{
3253         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?annotation_id=annotation_3951667041',
3254         'only_matching': True,
3255     }, {
3256         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?',
3257         'only_matching': True,
3258     }, {
3259         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?x-yt-cl=84503534',
3260         'only_matching': True,
3261     }, {
3262         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=foo',
3263         'only_matching': True,
3264     }, {
3265         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?hl=en-GB',
3266         'only_matching': True,
3267     }, {
3268         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=2372',
3269         'only_matching': True,
3270     }]
3271
3272     def _real_extract(self, url):
3273         raise ExtractorError(
3274             'Did you forget to quote the URL? Remember that & is a meta '
3275             'character in most shells, so you want to put the URL in quotes, '
3276             'like  youtube-dl '
3277             '"https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=foo&v=BaW_jenozKc" '
3278             ' or simply  youtube-dl BaW_jenozKc  .',
3279             expected=True)
3280
3281
3282 class YoutubeTruncatedIDIE(InfoExtractor):
3283     IE_NAME = 'youtube:truncated_id'
3284     IE_DESC = False  # Do not list
3285     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{1,10})$'
3286
3287     _TESTS = [{
3288         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N_708QY7Ob',
3289         'only_matching': True,
3290     }]
3291
3292     def _real_extract(self, url):
3293         video_id = self._match_id(url)
3294         raise ExtractorError(
3295             'Incomplete YouTube ID %s. URL %s looks truncated.' % (video_id, url),
3296             expected=True)