_ Git - youtube-dl/blob - youtube_dl/extractor/youtube.py

   1 # coding: utf-8
   2
   3 from __future__ import unicode_literals
   4
   5
   6 import itertools
   7 import json
   8 import os.path
   9 import random
  10 import re
  11 import time
  12 import traceback
  13
  14 from .common import InfoExtractor, SearchInfoExtractor
  15 from ..jsinterp import JSInterpreter
  16 from ..swfinterp import SWFInterpreter
  17 from ..compat import (
  18     compat_chr,
  19     compat_HTTPError,
  20     compat_kwargs,
  21     compat_parse_qs,
  22     compat_urllib_parse_unquote,
  23     compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus,
  24     compat_urllib_parse_urlencode,
  25     compat_urllib_parse_urlparse,
  26     compat_urlparse,
  27     compat_str,
  28 )
  29 from ..utils import (
  30     bool_or_none,
  31     clean_html,
  32     dict_get,
  33     error_to_compat_str,
  34     extract_attributes,
  35     ExtractorError,
  36     float_or_none,
  37     get_element_by_attribute,
  38     get_element_by_id,
  39     int_or_none,
  40     mimetype2ext,
  41     orderedSet,
  42     parse_codecs,
  43     parse_duration,
  44     remove_quotes,
  45     remove_start,
  46     smuggle_url,
  47     str_or_none,
  48     str_to_int,
  49     try_get,
  50     unescapeHTML,
  51     unified_strdate,
  52     unsmuggle_url,
  53     uppercase_escape,
  54     url_or_none,
  55     urlencode_postdata,
  56 )
  57
  58
  59 class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
  60     """Provide base functions for Youtube extractors"""
  61     _LOGIN_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin'
  62     _TWOFACTOR_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/signin/challenge'
  63
  64     _LOOKUP_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/sl/lookup'
  65     _CHALLENGE_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/sl/challenge'
  66     _TFA_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/challenge?hl=en&TL={0}'
  67
  68     _NETRC_MACHINE = 'youtube'
  69     # If True it will raise an error if no login info is provided
  70     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = False
  71
  72     _PLAYLIST_ID_RE = r'(?:PL|LL|EC|UU|FL|RD|UL|TL|PU|OLAK5uy_)[0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,}'
  73
  74     def _set_language(self):
  75         self._set_cookie(
  76             '.youtube.com', 'PREF', 'f1=50000000&hl=en',
  77             # YouTube sets the expire time to about two months
  78             expire_time=time.time() + 2 * 30 * 24 * 3600)
  79
  80     def _ids_to_results(self, ids):
  81         return [
  82             self.url_result(vid_id, 'Youtube', video_id=vid_id)
  83             for vid_id in ids]
  84
  85     def _login(self):
  86         """
  87         Attempt to log in to YouTube.
  88         True is returned if successful or skipped.
  89         False is returned if login failed.
  90
  91         If _LOGIN_REQUIRED is set and no authentication was provided, an error is raised.
  92         """
  93         username, password = self._get_login_info()
  94         # No authentication to be performed
  95         if username is None:
  96             if self._LOGIN_REQUIRED and self._downloader.params.get('cookiefile') is None:
  97                 raise ExtractorError('No login info available, needed for using %s.' % self.IE_NAME, expected=True)
  98             return True
  99
 100         login_page = self._download_webpage(
 101             self._LOGIN_URL, None,
 102             note='Downloading login page',
 103             errnote='unable to fetch login page', fatal=False)
 104         if login_page is False:
 105             return
 106
 107         login_form = self._hidden_inputs(login_page)
 108
 109         def req(url, f_req, note, errnote):
 110             data = login_form.copy()
 111             data.update({
 112                 'pstMsg': 1,
 113                 'checkConnection': 'youtube',
 114                 'checkedDomains': 'youtube',
 115                 'hl': 'en',
 116                 'deviceinfo': '[null,null,null,[],null,"US",null,null,[],"GlifWebSignIn",null,[null,null,[]]]',
 117                 'f.req': json.dumps(f_req),
 118                 'flowName': 'GlifWebSignIn',
 119                 'flowEntry': 'ServiceLogin',
 120                 # TODO: reverse actual botguard identifier generation algo
 121                 'bgRequest': '["identifier",""]',
 122             })
 123             return self._download_json(
 124                 url, None, note=note, errnote=errnote,
 125                 transform_source=lambda s: re.sub(r'^[^[]*', '', s),
 126                 fatal=False,
 127                 data=urlencode_postdata(data), headers={
 128                     'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8',
 129                     'Google-Accounts-XSRF': 1,
 130                 })
 131
 132         def warn(message):
 133             self._downloader.report_warning(message)
 134
 135         lookup_req = [
 136             username,
 137             None, [], None, 'US', None, None, 2, False, True,
 138             [
 139                 None, None,
 140                 [2, 1, None, 1,
 141                  'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?passive=true&continue=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fsignin%3Fnext%3D%252F%26action_handle_signin%3Dtrue%26hl%3Den%26app%3Ddesktop%26feature%3Dsign_in_button&hl=en&service=youtube&uilel=3&requestPath=%2FServiceLogin&Page=PasswordSeparationSignIn',
 142                  None, [], 4],
 143                 1, [None, None, []], None, None, None, True
 144             ],
 145             username,
 146         ]
 147
 148         lookup_results = req(
 149             self._LOOKUP_URL, lookup_req,
 150             'Looking up account info', 'Unable to look up account info')
 151
 152         if lookup_results is False:
 153             return False
 154
 155         user_hash = try_get(lookup_results, lambda x: x[0][2], compat_str)
 156         if not user_hash:
 157             warn('Unable to extract user hash')
 158             return False
 159
 160         challenge_req = [
 161             user_hash,
 162             None, 1, None, [1, None, None, None, [password, None, True]],
 163             [
 164                 None, None, [2, 1, None, 1, 'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?passive=true&continue=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fsignin%3Fnext%3D%252F%26action_handle_signin%3Dtrue%26hl%3Den%26app%3Ddesktop%26feature%3Dsign_in_button&hl=en&service=youtube&uilel=3&requestPath=%2FServiceLogin&Page=PasswordSeparationSignIn', None, [], 4],
 165                 1, [None, None, []], None, None, None, True
 166             ]]
 167
 168         challenge_results = req(
 169             self._CHALLENGE_URL, challenge_req,
 170             'Logging in', 'Unable to log in')
 171
 172         if challenge_results is False:
 173             return
 174
 175         login_res = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[0][5], list)
 176         if login_res:
 177             login_msg = try_get(login_res, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
 178             warn(
 179                 'Unable to login: %s' % 'Invalid password'
 180                 if login_msg == 'INCORRECT_ANSWER_ENTERED' else login_msg)
 181             return False
 182
 183         res = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[0][-1], list)
 184         if not res:
 185             warn('Unable to extract result entry')
 186             return False
 187
 188         login_challenge = try_get(res, lambda x: x[0][0], list)
 189         if login_challenge:
 190             challenge_str = try_get(login_challenge, lambda x: x[2], compat_str)
 191             if challenge_str == 'TWO_STEP_VERIFICATION':
 192                 # SEND_SUCCESS - TFA code has been successfully sent to phone
 193                 # QUOTA_EXCEEDED - reached the limit of TFA codes
 194                 status = try_get(login_challenge, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
 195                 if status == 'QUOTA_EXCEEDED':
 196                     warn('Exceeded the limit of TFA codes, try later')
 197                     return False
 198
 199                 tl = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[1][2], compat_str)
 200                 if not tl:
 201                     warn('Unable to extract TL')
 202                     return False
 203
 204                 tfa_code = self._get_tfa_info('2-step verification code')
 205
 206                 if not tfa_code:
 207                     warn(
 208                         'Two-factor authentication required. Provide it either interactively or with --twofactor <code>'
 209                         '(Note that only TOTP (Google Authenticator App) codes work at this time.)')
 210                     return False
 211
 212                 tfa_code = remove_start(tfa_code, 'G-')
 213
 214                 tfa_req = [
 215                     user_hash, None, 2, None,
 216                     [
 217                         9, None, None, None, None, None, None, None,
 218                         [None, tfa_code, True, 2]
 219                     ]]
 220
 221                 tfa_results = req(
 222                     self._TFA_URL.format(tl), tfa_req,
 223                     'Submitting TFA code', 'Unable to submit TFA code')
 224
 225                 if tfa_results is False:
 226                     return False
 227
 228                 tfa_res = try_get(tfa_results, lambda x: x[0][5], list)
 229                 if tfa_res:
 230                     tfa_msg = try_get(tfa_res, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
 231                     warn(
 232                         'Unable to finish TFA: %s' % 'Invalid TFA code'
 233                         if tfa_msg == 'INCORRECT_ANSWER_ENTERED' else tfa_msg)
 234                     return False
 235
 236                 check_cookie_url = try_get(
 237                     tfa_results, lambda x: x[0][-1][2], compat_str)
 238             else:
 239                 CHALLENGES = {
 240                     'LOGIN_CHALLENGE': "This device isn't recognized. For your security, Google wants to make sure it's really you.",
 241                     'USERNAME_RECOVERY': 'Please provide additional information to aid in the recovery process.',
 242                     'REAUTH': "There is something unusual about your activity. For your security, Google wants to make sure it's really you.",
 243                 }
 244                 challenge = CHALLENGES.get(
 245                     challenge_str,
 246                     '%s returned error %s.' % (self.IE_NAME, challenge_str))
 247                 warn('%s\nGo to https://accounts.google.com/, login and solve a challenge.' % challenge)
 248                 return False
 249         else:
 250             check_cookie_url = try_get(res, lambda x: x[2], compat_str)
 251
 252         if not check_cookie_url:
 253             warn('Unable to extract CheckCookie URL')
 254             return False
 255
 256         check_cookie_results = self._download_webpage(
 257             check_cookie_url, None, 'Checking cookie', fatal=False)
 258
 259         if check_cookie_results is False:
 260             return False
 261
 262         if 'https://myaccount.google.com/' not in check_cookie_results:
 263             warn('Unable to log in')
 264             return False
 265
 266         return True
 267
 268     def _download_webpage_handle(self, *args, **kwargs):
 269         query = kwargs.get('query', {}).copy()
 270         query['disable_polymer'] = 'true'
 271         kwargs['query'] = query
 272         return super(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, self)._download_webpage_handle(
 273             *args, **compat_kwargs(kwargs))
 274
 275     def _real_initialize(self):
 276         if self._downloader is None:
 277             return
 278         self._set_language()
 279         if not self._login():
 280             return
 281
 282
 283 class YoutubeEntryListBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
 284     # Extract entries from page with "Load more" button
 285     def _entries(self, page, playlist_id):
 286         more_widget_html = content_html = page
 287         for page_num in itertools.count(1):
 288             for entry in self._process_page(content_html):
 289                 yield entry
 290
 291             mobj = re.search(r'data-uix-load-more-href="/?(?P<more>[^"]+)"', more_widget_html)
 292             if not mobj:
 293                 break
 294
 295             count = 0
 296             retries = 3
 297             while count <= retries:
 298                 try:
 299                     # Downloading page may result in intermittent 5xx HTTP error
 300                     # that is usually worked around with a retry
 301                     more = self._download_json(
 302                         'https://youtube.com/%s' % mobj.group('more'), playlist_id,
 303                         'Downloading page #%s%s'
 304                         % (page_num, ' (retry #%d)' % count if count else ''),
 305                         transform_source=uppercase_escape)
 306                     break
 307                 except ExtractorError as e:
 308                     if isinstance(e.cause, compat_HTTPError) and e.cause.code in (500, 503):
 309                         count += 1
 310                         if count <= retries:
 311                             continue
 312                     raise
 313
 314             content_html = more['content_html']
 315             if not content_html.strip():
 316                 # Some webpages show a "Load more" button but they don't
 317                 # have more videos
 318                 break
 319             more_widget_html = more['load_more_widget_html']
 320
 321
 322 class YoutubePlaylistBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeEntryListBaseInfoExtractor):
 323     def _process_page(self, content):
 324         for video_id, video_title in self.extract_videos_from_page(content):
 325             yield self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id, video_title)
 326
 327     def extract_videos_from_page_impl(self, video_re, page, ids_in_page, titles_in_page):
 328         for mobj in re.finditer(video_re, page):
 329             # The link with index 0 is not the first video of the playlist (not sure if still actual)
 330             if 'index' in mobj.groupdict() and mobj.group('id') == '0':
 331                 continue
 332             video_id = mobj.group('id')
 333             video_title = unescapeHTML(
 334                 mobj.group('title')) if 'title' in mobj.groupdict() else None
 335             if video_title:
 336                 video_title = video_title.strip()
 337             if video_title == '► Play all':
 338                 video_title = None
 339             try:
 340                 idx = ids_in_page.index(video_id)
 341                 if video_title and not titles_in_page[idx]:
 342                     titles_in_page[idx] = video_title
 343             except ValueError:
 344                 ids_in_page.append(video_id)
 345                 titles_in_page.append(video_title)
 346
 347     def extract_videos_from_page(self, page):
 348         ids_in_page = []
 349         titles_in_page = []
 350         self.extract_videos_from_page_impl(
 351             self._VIDEO_RE, page, ids_in_page, titles_in_page)
 352         return zip(ids_in_page, titles_in_page)
 353
 354
 355 class YoutubePlaylistsBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeEntryListBaseInfoExtractor):
 356     def _process_page(self, content):
 357         for playlist_id in orderedSet(re.findall(
 358                 r'<h3[^>]+class="[^"]*yt-lockup-title[^"]*"[^>]*><a[^>]+href="/?playlist\?list=([0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,})"',
 359                 content)):
 360             yield self.url_result(
 361                 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=%s' % playlist_id, 'YoutubePlaylist')
 362
 363     def _real_extract(self, url):
 364         playlist_id = self._match_id(url)
 365         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, playlist_id)
 366         title = self._og_search_title(webpage, fatal=False)
 367         return self.playlist_result(self._entries(webpage, playlist_id), playlist_id, title)
 368
 369
 370 class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
 371     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com'
 372     _VALID_URL = r"""(?x)^
 373                      (
 374                          (?:https?://|//)                                    # http(s):// or protocol-independent URL
 375                          (?:(?:(?:(?:\w+\.)?[yY][oO][uU][tT][uU][bB][eE](?:-nocookie|kids)?\.com/|
 376                             (?:www\.)?deturl\.com/www\.youtube\.com/|
 377                             (?:www\.)?pwnyoutube\.com/|
 378                             (?:www\.)?hooktube\.com/|
 379                             (?:www\.)?yourepeat\.com/|
 380                             tube\.majestyc\.net/|
 381                             # Invidious instances taken from https://github.com/omarroth/invidious/wiki/Invidious-Instances
 382                             (?:(?:www|dev)\.)?invidio\.us/|
 383                             (?:(?:www|no)\.)?invidiou\.sh/|
 384                             (?:(?:www|fi|de)\.)?invidious\.snopyta\.org/|
 385                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.kabi\.tk/|
 386                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.13ad\.de/|
 387                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.mastodon\.host/|
 388                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.nixnet\.xyz/|
 389                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.drycat\.fr/|
 390                             (?:www\.)?tube\.poal\.co/|
 391                             (?:www\.)?vid\.wxzm\.sx/|
 392                             (?:www\.)?yt\.elukerio\.org/|
 393                             (?:www\.)?yt\.lelux\.fi/|
 394                             (?:www\.)?kgg2m7yk5aybusll\.onion/|
 395                             (?:www\.)?qklhadlycap4cnod\.onion/|
 396                             (?:www\.)?axqzx4s6s54s32yentfqojs3x5i7faxza6xo3ehd4bzzsg2ii4fv2iid\.onion/|
 397                             (?:www\.)?c7hqkpkpemu6e7emz5b4vyz7idjgdvgaaa3dyimmeojqbgpea3xqjoid\.onion/|
 398                             (?:www\.)?fz253lmuao3strwbfbmx46yu7acac2jz27iwtorgmbqlkurlclmancad\.onion/|
 399                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.l4qlywnpwqsluw65ts7md3khrivpirse744un3x7mlskqauz5pyuzgqd\.onion/|
 400                             (?:www\.)?owxfohz4kjyv25fvlqilyxast7inivgiktls3th44jhk3ej3i7ya\.b32\.i2p/|
 401                             youtube\.googleapis\.com/)                        # the various hostnames, with wildcard subdomains
 402                          (?:.*?\#/)?                                          # handle anchor (#/) redirect urls
 403                          (?:                                                  # the various things that can precede the ID:
 404                              (?:(?:v|embed|e)/(?!videoseries))                # v/ or embed/ or e/
 405                              |(?:                                             # or the v= param in all its forms
 406                                  (?:(?:watch|movie)(?:_popup)?(?:\.php)?/?)?  # preceding watch(_popup|.php) or nothing (like /?v=xxxx)
 407                                  (?:\?|\#!?)                                  # the params delimiter ? or # or #!
 408                                  (?:.*?[&;])??                                # any other preceding param (like /?s=tuff&v=xxxx or ?s=tuff&amp;v=V36LpHqtcDY)
 409                                  v=
 410                              )
 411                          ))
 412                          |(?:
 413                             youtu\.be|                                        # just youtu.be/xxxx
 414                             vid\.plus|                                        # or vid.plus/xxxx
 415                             zwearz\.com/watch|                                # or zwearz.com/watch/xxxx
 416                          )/
 417                          |(?:www\.)?cleanvideosearch\.com/media/action/yt/watch\?videoId=
 418                          )
 419                      )?                                                       # all until now is optional -> you can pass the naked ID
 420                      ([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})                                      # here is it! the YouTube video ID
 421                      (?!.*?\blist=
 422                         (?:
 423                             %(playlist_id)s|                                  # combined list/video URLs are handled by the playlist IE
 424                             WL                                                # WL are handled by the watch later IE
 425                         )
 426                      )
 427                      (?(1).+)?                                                # if we found the ID, everything can follow
 428                      $""" % {'playlist_id': YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._PLAYLIST_ID_RE}
 429     _NEXT_URL_RE = r'[\?&]next_url=([^&]+)'
 430     _formats = {
 431         '5': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 400, 'height': 240, 'acodec': 'mp3', 'abr': 64, 'vcodec': 'h263'},
 432         '6': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 450, 'height': 270, 'acodec': 'mp3', 'abr': 64, 'vcodec': 'h263'},
 433         '13': {'ext': '3gp', 'acodec': 'aac', 'vcodec': 'mp4v'},
 434         '17': {'ext': '3gp', 'width': 176, 'height': 144, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 24, 'vcodec': 'mp4v'},
 435         '18': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 640, 'height': 360, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 96, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 436         '22': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 1280, 'height': 720, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 437         '34': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 640, 'height': 360, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 438         '35': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 439         # itag 36 videos are either 320x180 (BaW_jenozKc) or 320x240 (__2ABJjxzNo), abr varies as well
 440         '36': {'ext': '3gp', 'width': 320, 'acodec': 'aac', 'vcodec': 'mp4v'},
 441         '37': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 1920, 'height': 1080, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 442         '38': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 4096, 'height': 3072, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 443         '43': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 640, 'height': 360, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 444         '44': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 445         '45': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 1280, 'height': 720, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 446         '46': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 1920, 'height': 1080, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 447         '59': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 448         '78': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 449
 450
 451         # 3D videos
 452         '82': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 453         '83': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 454         '84': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 455         '85': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 456         '100': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'vp8', 'preference': -20},
 457         '101': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8', 'preference': -20},
 458         '102': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8', 'preference': -20},
 459
 460         # Apple HTTP Live Streaming
 461         '91': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 462         '92': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 463         '93': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 464         '94': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 465         '95': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 256, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 466         '96': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 256, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 467         '132': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 468         '151': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 72, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 24, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 469
 470         # DASH mp4 video
 471         '133': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 472         '134': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 473         '135': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 474         '136': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 475         '137': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 476         '138': {'ext': 'mp4', 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},  # Height can vary (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4559)
 477         '160': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 478         '212': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 479         '264': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 480         '298': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264', 'fps': 60},
 481         '299': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264', 'fps': 60},
 482         '266': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 483
 484         # Dash mp4 audio
 485         '139': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 486         '140': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 487         '141': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 256, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 488         '256': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 489         '258': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 490         '325': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'dtse', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 491         '328': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'ec-3', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 492
 493         # Dash webm
 494         '167': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'width': 640, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 495         '168': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 496         '169': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'width': 1280, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 497         '170': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'width': 1920, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 498         '218': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 499         '219': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 500         '278': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 501         '242': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 502         '243': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 503         '244': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 504         '245': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 505         '246': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 506         '247': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 507         '248': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 508         '271': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 509         # itag 272 videos are either 3840x2160 (e.g. RtoitU2A-3E) or 7680x4320 (sLprVF6d7Ug)
 510         '272': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 511         '302': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 512         '303': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 513         '308': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 514         '313': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 515         '315': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 516
 517         # Dash webm audio
 518         '171': {'ext': 'webm', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'abr': 128},
 519         '172': {'ext': 'webm', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'abr': 256},
 520
 521         # Dash webm audio with opus inside
 522         '249': {'ext': 'webm', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 50},
 523         '250': {'ext': 'webm', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 70},
 524         '251': {'ext': 'webm', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 160},
 525
 526         # RTMP (unnamed)
 527         '_rtmp': {'protocol': 'rtmp'},
 528
 529         # av01 video only formats sometimes served with "unknown" codecs
 530         '394': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
 531         '395': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
 532         '396': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
 533         '397': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
 534     }
 535     _SUBTITLE_FORMATS = ('srv1', 'srv2', 'srv3', 'ttml', 'vtt')
 536
 537     _GEO_BYPASS = False
 538
 539     IE_NAME = 'youtube'
 540     _TESTS = [
 541         {
 542             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc&t=1s&end=9',
 543             'info_dict': {
 544                 'id': 'BaW_jenozKc',
 545                 'ext': 'mp4',
 546                 'title': 'youtube-dl test video "\'/\\ä↭𝕐',
 547                 'uploader': 'Philipp Hagemeister',
 548                 'uploader_id': 'phihag',
 549                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/phihag',
 550                 'channel_id': 'UCLqxVugv74EIW3VWh2NOa3Q',
 551                 'channel_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCLqxVugv74EIW3VWh2NOa3Q',
 552                 'upload_date': '20121002',
 553                 'description': 'test chars:  "\'/\\ä↭𝕐\ntest URL: https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/1892\n\nThis is a test video for youtube-dl.\n\nFor more information, contact phihag@phihag.de .',
 554                 'categories': ['Science & Technology'],
 555                 'tags': ['youtube-dl'],
 556                 'duration': 10,
 557                 'view_count': int,
 558                 'like_count': int,
 559                 'dislike_count': int,
 560                 'start_time': 1,
 561                 'end_time': 9,
 562             }
 563         },
 564         {
 565             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UxxajLWwzqY',
 566             'note': 'Test generic use_cipher_signature video (#897)',
 567             'info_dict': {
 568                 'id': 'UxxajLWwzqY',
 569                 'ext': 'mp4',
 570                 'upload_date': '20120506',
 571                 'title': 'Icona Pop - I Love It (feat. Charli XCX) [OFFICIAL VIDEO]',
 572                 'alt_title': 'I Love It (feat. Charli XCX)',
 573                 'description': 'md5:f3ceb5ef83a08d95b9d146f973157cc8',
 574                 'tags': ['Icona Pop i love it', 'sweden', 'pop music', 'big beat records', 'big beat', 'charli',
 575                          'xcx', 'charli xcx', 'girls', 'hbo', 'i love it', "i don't care", 'icona', 'pop',
 576                          'iconic ep', 'iconic', 'love', 'it'],
 577                 'duration': 180,
 578                 'uploader': 'Icona Pop',
 579                 'uploader_id': 'IconaPop',
 580                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/IconaPop',
 581                 'creator': 'Icona Pop',
 582                 'track': 'I Love It (feat. Charli XCX)',
 583                 'artist': 'Icona Pop',
 584             }
 585         },
 586         {
 587             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=07FYdnEawAQ',
 588             'note': 'Test VEVO video with age protection (#956)',
 589             'info_dict': {
 590                 'id': '07FYdnEawAQ',
 591                 'ext': 'mp4',
 592                 'upload_date': '20130703',
 593                 'title': 'Justin Timberlake - Tunnel Vision (Official Music Video) (Explicit)',
 594                 'alt_title': 'Tunnel Vision',
 595                 'description': 'md5:07dab3356cde4199048e4c7cd93471e1',
 596                 'duration': 419,
 597                 'uploader': 'justintimberlakeVEVO',
 598                 'uploader_id': 'justintimberlakeVEVO',
 599                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/justintimberlakeVEVO',
 600                 'creator': 'Justin Timberlake',
 601                 'track': 'Tunnel Vision',
 602                 'artist': 'Justin Timberlake',
 603                 'age_limit': 18,
 604             }
 605         },
 606         {
 607             'url': '//www.YouTube.com/watch?v=yZIXLfi8CZQ',
 608             'note': 'Embed-only video (#1746)',
 609             'info_dict': {
 610                 'id': 'yZIXLfi8CZQ',
 611                 'ext': 'mp4',
 612                 'upload_date': '20120608',
 613                 'title': 'Principal Sexually Assaults A Teacher - Episode 117 - 8th June 2012',
 614                 'description': 'md5:09b78bd971f1e3e289601dfba15ca4f7',
 615                 'uploader': 'SET India',
 616                 'uploader_id': 'setindia',
 617                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/setindia',
 618                 'age_limit': 18,
 619             }
 620         },
 621         {
 622             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc&v=UxxajLWwzqY',
 623             'note': 'Use the first video ID in the URL',
 624             'info_dict': {
 625                 'id': 'BaW_jenozKc',
 626                 'ext': 'mp4',
 627                 'title': 'youtube-dl test video "\'/\\ä↭𝕐',
 628                 'uploader': 'Philipp Hagemeister',
 629                 'uploader_id': 'phihag',
 630                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/phihag',
 631                 'upload_date': '20121002',
 632                 'description': 'test chars:  "\'/\\ä↭𝕐\ntest URL: https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/1892\n\nThis is a test video for youtube-dl.\n\nFor more information, contact phihag@phihag.de .',
 633                 'categories': ['Science & Technology'],
 634                 'tags': ['youtube-dl'],
 635                 'duration': 10,
 636                 'view_count': int,
 637                 'like_count': int,
 638                 'dislike_count': int,
 639             },
 640             'params': {
 641                 'skip_download': True,
 642             },
 643         },
 644         {
 645             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a9LDPn-MO4I',
 646             'note': '256k DASH audio (format 141) via DASH manifest',
 647             'info_dict': {
 648                 'id': 'a9LDPn-MO4I',
 649                 'ext': 'm4a',
 650                 'upload_date': '20121002',
 651                 'uploader_id': '8KVIDEO',
 652                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/8KVIDEO',
 653                 'description': '',
 654                 'uploader': '8KVIDEO',
 655                 'title': 'UHDTV TEST 8K VIDEO.mp4'
 656             },
 657             'params': {
 658                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 659                 'format': '141',
 660             },
 661             'skip': 'format 141 not served anymore',
 662         },
 663         # DASH manifest with encrypted signature
 664         {
 665             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IB3lcPjvWLA',
 666             'info_dict': {
 667                 'id': 'IB3lcPjvWLA',
 668                 'ext': 'm4a',
 669                 'title': 'Afrojack, Spree Wilson - The Spark (Official Music Video) ft. Spree Wilson',
 670                 'description': 'md5:8f5e2b82460520b619ccac1f509d43bf',
 671                 'duration': 244,
 672                 'uploader': 'AfrojackVEVO',
 673                 'uploader_id': 'AfrojackVEVO',
 674                 'upload_date': '20131011',
 675             },
 676             'params': {
 677                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 678                 'format': '141/bestaudio[ext=m4a]',
 679             },
 680         },
 681         # JS player signature function name containing $
 682         {
 683             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nfWlot6h_JM',
 684             'info_dict': {
 685                 'id': 'nfWlot6h_JM',
 686                 'ext': 'm4a',
 687                 'title': 'Taylor Swift - Shake It Off',
 688                 'description': 'md5:bec2185232c05479482cb5a9b82719bf',
 689                 'duration': 242,
 690                 'uploader': 'TaylorSwiftVEVO',
 691                 'uploader_id': 'TaylorSwiftVEVO',
 692                 'upload_date': '20140818',
 693                 'creator': 'Taylor Swift',
 694             },
 695             'params': {
 696                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 697                 'format': '141/bestaudio[ext=m4a]',
 698             },
 699         },
 700         # Controversy video
 701         {
 702             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T4XJQO3qol8',
 703             'info_dict': {
 704                 'id': 'T4XJQO3qol8',
 705                 'ext': 'mp4',
 706                 'duration': 219,
 707                 'upload_date': '20100909',
 708                 'uploader': 'Amazing Atheist',
 709                 'uploader_id': 'TheAmazingAtheist',
 710                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/TheAmazingAtheist',
 711                 'title': 'Burning Everyone\'s Koran',
 712                 'description': 'SUBSCRIBE: http://www.youtube.com/saturninefilms\n\nEven Obama has taken a stand against freedom on this issue: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/09/09/obama-gma-interview-quran_n_710282.html',
 713             }
 714         },
 715         # Normal age-gate video (No vevo, embed allowed)
 716         {
 717             'url': 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=HtVdAasjOgU',
 718             'info_dict': {
 719                 'id': 'HtVdAasjOgU',
 720                 'ext': 'mp4',
 721                 'title': 'The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt - The Sword Of Destiny Trailer',
 722                 'description': r're:(?s).{100,}About the Game\n.*?The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt.{100,}',
 723                 'duration': 142,
 724                 'uploader': 'The Witcher',
 725                 'uploader_id': 'WitcherGame',
 726                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/WitcherGame',
 727                 'upload_date': '20140605',
 728                 'age_limit': 18,
 729             },
 730         },
 731         # Age-gate video with encrypted signature
 732         {
 733             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6kLq3WMV1nU',
 734             'info_dict': {
 735                 'id': '6kLq3WMV1nU',
 736                 'ext': 'mp4',
 737                 'title': 'Dedication To My Ex (Miss That) (Lyric Video)',
 738                 'description': 'md5:33765bb339e1b47e7e72b5490139bb41',
 739                 'duration': 246,
 740                 'uploader': 'LloydVEVO',
 741                 'uploader_id': 'LloydVEVO',
 742                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/LloydVEVO',
 743                 'upload_date': '20110629',
 744                 'age_limit': 18,
 745             },
 746         },
 747         # video_info is None (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4421)
 748         # YouTube Red ad is not captured for creator
 749         {
 750             'url': '__2ABJjxzNo',
 751             'info_dict': {
 752                 'id': '__2ABJjxzNo',
 753                 'ext': 'mp4',
 754                 'duration': 266,
 755                 'upload_date': '20100430',
 756                 'uploader_id': 'deadmau5',
 757                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/deadmau5',
 758                 'creator': 'deadmau5',
 759                 'description': 'md5:12c56784b8032162bb936a5f76d55360',
 760                 'uploader': 'deadmau5',
 761                 'title': 'Deadmau5 - Some Chords (HD)',
 762                 'alt_title': 'Some Chords',
 763             },
 764             'expected_warnings': [
 765                 'DASH manifest missing',
 766             ]
 767         },
 768         # Olympics (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4431)
 769         {
 770             'url': 'lqQg6PlCWgI',
 771             'info_dict': {
 772                 'id': 'lqQg6PlCWgI',
 773                 'ext': 'mp4',
 774                 'duration': 6085,
 775                 'upload_date': '20150827',
 776                 'uploader_id': 'olympic',
 777                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/olympic',
 778                 'description': 'HO09  - Women -  GER-AUS - Hockey - 31 July 2012 - London 2012 Olympic Games',
 779                 'uploader': 'Olympic',
 780                 'title': 'Hockey - Women -  GER-AUS - London 2012 Olympic Games',
 781             },
 782             'params': {
 783                 'skip_download': 'requires avconv',
 784             }
 785         },
 786         # Non-square pixels
 787         {
 788             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_b-2C3KPAM0',
 789             'info_dict': {
 790                 'id': '_b-2C3KPAM0',
 791                 'ext': 'mp4',
 792                 'stretched_ratio': 16 / 9.,
 793                 'duration': 85,
 794                 'upload_date': '20110310',
 795                 'uploader_id': 'AllenMeow',
 796                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/AllenMeow',
 797                 'description': 'made by Wacom from Korea | 字幕&加油添醋 by TY\'s Allen | 感謝heylisa00cavey1001同學熱情提供梗及翻譯',
 798                 'uploader': '孫ᄋᄅ',
 799                 'title': '[A-made] 變態妍字幕版 太妍 我就是這樣的人',
 800             },
 801         },
 802         # url_encoded_fmt_stream_map is empty string
 803         {
 804             'url': 'qEJwOuvDf7I',
 805             'info_dict': {
 806                 'id': 'qEJwOuvDf7I',
 807                 'ext': 'webm',
 808                 'title': 'Обсуждение судебной практики по выборам 14 сентября 2014 года в Санкт-Петербурге',
 809                 'description': '',
 810                 'upload_date': '20150404',
 811                 'uploader_id': 'spbelect',
 812                 'uploader': 'Наблюдатели Петербурга',
 813             },
 814             'params': {
 815                 'skip_download': 'requires avconv',
 816             },
 817             'skip': 'This live event has ended.',
 818         },
 819         # Extraction from multiple DASH manifests (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/6097)
 820         {
 821             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FIl7x6_3R5Y',
 822             'info_dict': {
 823                 'id': 'FIl7x6_3R5Y',
 824                 'ext': 'webm',
 825                 'title': 'md5:7b81415841e02ecd4313668cde88737a',
 826                 'description': 'md5:116377fd2963b81ec4ce64b542173306',
 827                 'duration': 220,
 828                 'upload_date': '20150625',
 829                 'uploader_id': 'dorappi2000',
 830                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/dorappi2000',
 831                 'uploader': 'dorappi2000',
 832                 'formats': 'mincount:31',
 833             },
 834             'skip': 'not actual anymore',
 835         },
 836         # DASH manifest with segment_list
 837         {
 838             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/embed/CsmdDsKjzN8',
 839             'md5': '8ce563a1d667b599d21064e982ab9e31',
 840             'info_dict': {
 841                 'id': 'CsmdDsKjzN8',
 842                 'ext': 'mp4',
 843                 'upload_date': '20150501',  # According to '<meta itemprop="datePublished"', but in other places it's 20150510
 844                 'uploader': 'Airtek',
 845                 'description': 'Retransmisión en directo de la XVIII media maratón de Zaragoza.',
 846                 'uploader_id': 'UCzTzUmjXxxacNnL8I3m4LnQ',
 847                 'title': 'Retransmisión XVIII Media maratón Zaragoza 2015',
 848             },
 849             'params': {
 850                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 851                 'format': '135',  # bestvideo
 852             },
 853             'skip': 'This live event has ended.',
 854         },
 855         {
 856             # Multifeed videos (multiple cameras), URL is for Main Camera
 857             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jqWvoWXjCVs',
 858             'info_dict': {
 859                 'id': 'jqWvoWXjCVs',
 860                 'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream',
 861                 'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 862             },
 863             'playlist': [{
 864                 'info_dict': {
 865                     'id': 'jqWvoWXjCVs',
 866                     'ext': 'mp4',
 867                     'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream (Main Camera)',
 868                     'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 869                     'duration': 7335,
 870                     'upload_date': '20150721',
 871                     'uploader': 'Beer Games Beer',
 872                     'uploader_id': 'beergamesbeer',
 873                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/beergamesbeer',
 874                     'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
 875                 },
 876             }, {
 877                 'info_dict': {
 878                     'id': '6h8e8xoXJzg',
 879                     'ext': 'mp4',
 880                     'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream (kreestuh)',
 881                     'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 882                     'duration': 7337,
 883                     'upload_date': '20150721',
 884                     'uploader': 'Beer Games Beer',
 885                     'uploader_id': 'beergamesbeer',
 886                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/beergamesbeer',
 887                     'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
 888                 },
 889             }, {
 890                 'info_dict': {
 891                     'id': 'PUOgX5z9xZw',
 892                     'ext': 'mp4',
 893                     'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream (grizzle)',
 894                     'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 895                     'duration': 7337,
 896                     'upload_date': '20150721',
 897                     'uploader': 'Beer Games Beer',
 898                     'uploader_id': 'beergamesbeer',
 899                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/beergamesbeer',
 900                     'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
 901                 },
 902             }, {
 903                 'info_dict': {
 904                     'id': 'teuwxikvS5k',
 905                     'ext': 'mp4',
 906                     'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream (zim)',
 907                     'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 908                     'duration': 7334,
 909                     'upload_date': '20150721',
 910                     'uploader': 'Beer Games Beer',
 911                     'uploader_id': 'beergamesbeer',
 912                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/beergamesbeer',
 913                     'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
 914                 },
 915             }],
 916             'params': {
 917                 'skip_download': True,
 918             },
 919             'skip': 'This video is not available.',
 920         },
 921         {
 922             # Multifeed video with comma in title (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8536)
 923             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gVfLd0zydlo',
 924             'info_dict': {
 925                 'id': 'gVfLd0zydlo',
 926                 'title': 'DevConf.cz 2016 Day 2 Workshops 1 14:00 - 15:30',
 927             },
 928             'playlist_count': 2,
 929             'skip': 'Not multifeed anymore',
 930         },
 931         {
 932             'url': 'https://vid.plus/FlRa-iH7PGw',
 933             'only_matching': True,
 934         },
 935         {
 936             'url': 'https://zwearz.com/watch/9lWxNJF-ufM/electra-woman-dyna-girl-official-trailer-grace-helbig.html',
 937             'only_matching': True,
 938         },
 939         {
 940             # Title with JS-like syntax "};" (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7468)
 941             # Also tests cut-off URL expansion in video description (see
 942             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/1892,
 943             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8164)
 944             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lsguqyKfVQg',
 945             'info_dict': {
 946                 'id': 'lsguqyKfVQg',
 947                 'ext': 'mp4',
 948                 'title': '{dark walk}; Loki/AC/Dishonored; collab w/Elflover21',
 949                 'alt_title': 'Dark Walk - Position Music',
 950                 'description': 'md5:8085699c11dc3f597ce0410b0dcbb34a',
 951                 'duration': 133,
 952                 'upload_date': '20151119',
 953                 'uploader_id': 'IronSoulElf',
 954                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/IronSoulElf',
 955                 'uploader': 'IronSoulElf',
 956                 'creator': 'Todd Haberman,  Daniel Law Heath and Aaron Kaplan',
 957                 'track': 'Dark Walk - Position Music',
 958                 'artist': 'Todd Haberman,  Daniel Law Heath and Aaron Kaplan',
 959                 'album': 'Position Music - Production Music Vol. 143 - Dark Walk',
 960             },
 961             'params': {
 962                 'skip_download': True,
 963             },
 964         },
 965         {
 966             # Tags with '};' (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7468)
 967             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ms7iBXnlUO8',
 968             'only_matching': True,
 969         },
 970         {
 971             # Video with yt:stretch=17:0
 972             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q39EVAstoRM',
 973             'info_dict': {
 974                 'id': 'Q39EVAstoRM',
 975                 'ext': 'mp4',
 976                 'title': 'Clash Of Clans#14 Dicas De Ataque Para CV 4',
 977                 'description': 'md5:ee18a25c350637c8faff806845bddee9',
 978                 'upload_date': '20151107',
 979                 'uploader_id': 'UCCr7TALkRbo3EtFzETQF1LA',
 980                 'uploader': 'CH GAMER DROID',
 981             },
 982             'params': {
 983                 'skip_download': True,
 984             },
 985             'skip': 'This video does not exist.',
 986         },
 987         {
 988             # Video licensed under Creative Commons
 989             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M4gD1WSo5mA',
 990             'info_dict': {
 991                 'id': 'M4gD1WSo5mA',
 992                 'ext': 'mp4',
 993                 'title': 'md5:e41008789470fc2533a3252216f1c1d1',
 994                 'description': 'md5:a677553cf0840649b731a3024aeff4cc',
 995                 'duration': 721,
 996                 'upload_date': '20150127',
 997                 'uploader_id': 'BerkmanCenter',
 998                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/BerkmanCenter',
 999                 'uploader': 'The Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society',
1000                 'license': 'Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed)',
1001             },
1002             'params': {
1003                 'skip_download': True,
1004             },
1005         },
1006         {
1007             # Channel-like uploader_url
1008             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eQcmzGIKrzg',
1009             'info_dict': {
1010                 'id': 'eQcmzGIKrzg',
1011                 'ext': 'mp4',
1012                 'title': 'Democratic Socialism and Foreign Policy | Bernie Sanders',
1013                 'description': 'md5:dda0d780d5a6e120758d1711d062a867',
1014                 'duration': 4060,
1015                 'upload_date': '20151119',
1016                 'uploader': 'Bernie Sanders',
1017                 'uploader_id': 'UCH1dpzjCEiGAt8CXkryhkZg',
1018                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCH1dpzjCEiGAt8CXkryhkZg',
1019                 'license': 'Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed)',
1020             },
1021             'params': {
1022                 'skip_download': True,
1023             },
1024         },
1025         {
1026             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;amp;v=V36LpHqtcDY',
1027             'only_matching': True,
1028         },
1029         {
1030             # YouTube Red paid video (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/10059)
1031             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i1Ko8UG-Tdo',
1032             'only_matching': True,
1033         },
1034         {
1035             # Rental video preview
1036             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yYr8q0y5Jfg',
1037             'info_dict': {
1038                 'id': 'uGpuVWrhIzE',
1039                 'ext': 'mp4',
1040                 'title': 'Piku - Trailer',
1041                 'description': 'md5:c36bd60c3fd6f1954086c083c72092eb',
1042                 'upload_date': '20150811',
1043                 'uploader': 'FlixMatrix',
1044                 'uploader_id': 'FlixMatrixKaravan',
1045                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/FlixMatrixKaravan',
1046                 'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
1047             },
1048             'params': {
1049                 'skip_download': True,
1050             },
1051             'skip': 'This video is not available.',
1052         },
1053         {
1054             # YouTube Red video with episode data
1055             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iqKdEhx-dD4',
1056             'info_dict': {
1057                 'id': 'iqKdEhx-dD4',
1058                 'ext': 'mp4',
1059                 'title': 'Isolation - Mind Field (Ep 1)',
1060                 'description': 'md5:46a29be4ceffa65b92d277b93f463c0f',
1061                 'duration': 2085,
1062                 'upload_date': '20170118',
1063                 'uploader': 'Vsauce',
1064                 'uploader_id': 'Vsauce',
1065                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/Vsauce',
1066                 'series': 'Mind Field',
1067                 'season_number': 1,
1068                 'episode_number': 1,
1069             },
1070             'params': {
1071                 'skip_download': True,
1072             },
1073             'expected_warnings': [
1074                 'Skipping DASH manifest',
1075             ],
1076         },
1077         {
1078             # The following content has been identified by the YouTube community
1079             # as inappropriate or offensive to some audiences.
1080             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6SJNVb0GnPI',
1081             'info_dict': {
1082                 'id': '6SJNVb0GnPI',
1083                 'ext': 'mp4',
1084                 'title': 'Race Differences in Intelligence',
1085                 'description': 'md5:5d161533167390427a1f8ee89a1fc6f1',
1086                 'duration': 965,
1087                 'upload_date': '20140124',
1088                 'uploader': 'New Century Foundation',
1089                 'uploader_id': 'UCEJYpZGqgUob0zVVEaLhvVg',
1090                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCEJYpZGqgUob0zVVEaLhvVg',
1091             },
1092             'params': {
1093                 'skip_download': True,
1094             },
1095         },
1096         {
1097             # itag 212
1098             'url': '1t24XAntNCY',
1099             'only_matching': True,
1100         },
1101         {
1102             # geo restricted to JP
1103             'url': 'sJL6WA-aGkQ',
1104             'only_matching': True,
1105         },
1106         {
1107             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MuAGGZNfUkU&list=RDMM',
1108             'only_matching': True,
1109         },
1110         {
1111             'url': 'https://invidio.us/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc',
1112             'only_matching': True,
1113         },
1114         {
1115             # DRM protected
1116             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s7_qI6_mIXc',
1117             'only_matching': True,
1118         },
1119         {
1120             # Video with unsupported adaptive stream type formats
1121             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z4Vy8R84T1U',
1122             'info_dict': {
1123                 'id': 'Z4Vy8R84T1U',
1124                 'ext': 'mp4',
1125                 'title': 'saman SMAN 53 Jakarta(Sancety) opening COFFEE4th at SMAN 53 Jakarta',
1126                 'description': 'md5:d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e',
1127                 'duration': 433,
1128                 'upload_date': '20130923',
1129                 'uploader': 'Amelia Putri Harwita',
1130                 'uploader_id': 'UCpOxM49HJxmC1qCalXyB3_Q',
1131                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCpOxM49HJxmC1qCalXyB3_Q',
1132                 'formats': 'maxcount:10',
1133             },
1134             'params': {
1135                 'skip_download': True,
1136                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': False,
1137             },
1138         },
1139         {
1140             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1141             'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/watch?v=MgNrAu2pzNs',
1142             'info_dict': {
1143                 'id': 'MgNrAu2pzNs',
1144                 'ext': 'mp4',
1145                 'title': 'Voyeur Girl',
1146                 'description': 'md5:7ae382a65843d6df2685993e90a8628f',
1147                 'upload_date': '20190312',
1148                 'uploader': 'Various Artists - Topic',
1149                 'uploader_id': 'UCVWKBi1ELZn0QX2CBLSkiyw',
1150                 'artist': 'Stephen',
1151                 'track': 'Voyeur Girl',
1152                 'album': 'it\'s too much love to know my dear',
1153                 'release_date': '20190313',
1154                 'release_year': 2019,
1155             },
1156             'params': {
1157                 'skip_download': True,
1158             },
1159         },
1160         {
1161             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1162             # Retrieve 'artist' field from 'Artist:' in video description
1163             # when it is present on youtube music video
1164             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k0jLE7tTwjY',
1165             'info_dict': {
1166                 'id': 'k0jLE7tTwjY',
1167                 'ext': 'mp4',
1168                 'title': 'Latch Feat. Sam Smith',
1169                 'description': 'md5:3cb1e8101a7c85fcba9b4fb41b951335',
1170                 'upload_date': '20150110',
1171                 'uploader': 'Various Artists - Topic',
1172                 'uploader_id': 'UCNkEcmYdjrH4RqtNgh7BZ9w',
1173                 'artist': 'Disclosure',
1174                 'track': 'Latch Feat. Sam Smith',
1175                 'album': 'Latch Featuring Sam Smith',
1176                 'release_date': '20121008',
1177                 'release_year': 2012,
1178             },
1179             'params': {
1180                 'skip_download': True,
1181             },
1182         },
1183         {
1184             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1185             # handle multiple artists on youtube music video
1186             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=74qn0eJSjpA',
1187             'info_dict': {
1188                 'id': '74qn0eJSjpA',
1189                 'ext': 'mp4',
1190                 'title': 'Eastside',
1191                 'description': 'md5:290516bb73dcbfab0dcc4efe6c3de5f2',
1192                 'upload_date': '20180710',
1193                 'uploader': 'Benny Blanco - Topic',
1194                 'uploader_id': 'UCzqz_ksRu_WkIzmivMdIS7A',
1195                 'artist': 'benny blanco, Halsey, Khalid',
1196                 'track': 'Eastside',
1197                 'album': 'Eastside',
1198                 'release_date': '20180713',
1199                 'release_year': 2018,
1200             },
1201             'params': {
1202                 'skip_download': True,
1203             },
1204         },
1205         {
1206             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1207             # handle youtube music video with release_year and no release_date
1208             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-hcAI0g-f5M',
1209             'info_dict': {
1210                 'id': '-hcAI0g-f5M',
1211                 'ext': 'mp4',
1212                 'title': 'Put It On Me',
1213                 'description': 'md5:93c55acc682ae7b0c668f2e34e1c069e',
1214                 'upload_date': '20180426',
1215                 'uploader': 'Matt Maeson - Topic',
1216                 'uploader_id': 'UCnEkIGqtGcQMLk73Kp-Q5LQ',
1217                 'artist': 'Matt Maeson',
1218                 'track': 'Put It On Me',
1219                 'album': 'The Hearse',
1220                 'release_date': None,
1221                 'release_year': 2018,
1222             },
1223             'params': {
1224                 'skip_download': True,
1225             },
1226         },
1227         {
1228             'url': 'https://www.youtubekids.com/watch?v=3b8nCWDgZ6Q',
1229             'only_matching': True,
1230         },
1231     ]
1232
1233     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
1234         super(YoutubeIE, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
1235         self._player_cache = {}
1236
1237     def report_video_info_webpage_download(self, video_id):
1238         """Report attempt to download video info webpage."""
1239         self.to_screen('%s: Downloading video info webpage' % video_id)
1240
1241     def report_information_extraction(self, video_id):
1242         """Report attempt to extract video information."""
1243         self.to_screen('%s: Extracting video information' % video_id)
1244
1245     def report_unavailable_format(self, video_id, format):
1246         """Report extracted video URL."""
1247         self.to_screen('%s: Format %s not available' % (video_id, format))
1248
1249     def report_rtmp_download(self):
1250         """Indicate the download will use the RTMP protocol."""
1251         self.to_screen('RTMP download detected')
1252
1253     def _signature_cache_id(self, example_sig):
1254         """ Return a string representation of a signature """
1255         return '.'.join(compat_str(len(part)) for part in example_sig.split('.'))
1256
1257     def _extract_signature_function(self, video_id, player_url, example_sig):
1258         id_m = re.match(
1259             r'.*?-(?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)(?:/watch_as3|/html5player(?:-new)?|(?:/[a-z]{2,3}_[A-Z]{2})?/base)?\.(?P<ext>[a-z]+)$',
1260             player_url)
1261         if not id_m:
1262             raise ExtractorError('Cannot identify player %r' % player_url)
1263         player_type = id_m.group('ext')
1264         player_id = id_m.group('id')
1265
1266         # Read from filesystem cache
1267         func_id = '%s_%s_%s' % (
1268             player_type, player_id, self._signature_cache_id(example_sig))
1269         assert os.path.basename(func_id) == func_id
1270
1271         cache_spec = self._downloader.cache.load('youtube-sigfuncs', func_id)
1272         if cache_spec is not None:
1273             return lambda s: ''.join(s[i] for i in cache_spec)
1274
1275         download_note = (
1276             'Downloading player %s' % player_url
1277             if self._downloader.params.get('verbose') else
1278             'Downloading %s player %s' % (player_type, player_id)
1279         )
1280         if player_type == 'js':
1281             code = self._download_webpage(
1282                 player_url, video_id,
1283                 note=download_note,
1284                 errnote='Download of %s failed' % player_url)
1285             res = self._parse_sig_js(code)
1286         elif player_type == 'swf':
1287             urlh = self._request_webpage(
1288                 player_url, video_id,
1289                 note=download_note,
1290                 errnote='Download of %s failed' % player_url)
1291             code = urlh.read()
1292             res = self._parse_sig_swf(code)
1293         else:
1294             assert False, 'Invalid player type %r' % player_type
1295
1296         test_string = ''.join(map(compat_chr, range(len(example_sig))))
1297         cache_res = res(test_string)
1298         cache_spec = [ord(c) for c in cache_res]
1299
1300         self._downloader.cache.store('youtube-sigfuncs', func_id, cache_spec)
1301         return res
1302
1303     def _print_sig_code(self, func, example_sig):
1304         def gen_sig_code(idxs):
1305             def _genslice(start, end, step):
1306                 starts = '' if start == 0 else str(start)
1307                 ends = (':%d' % (end + step)) if end + step >= 0 else ':'
1308                 steps = '' if step == 1 else (':%d' % step)
1309                 return 's[%s%s%s]' % (starts, ends, steps)
1310
1311             step = None
1312             # Quelch pyflakes warnings - start will be set when step is set
1313             start = '(Never used)'
1314             for i, prev in zip(idxs[1:], idxs[:-1]):
1315                 if step is not None:
1316                     if i - prev == step:
1317                         continue
1318                     yield _genslice(start, prev, step)
1319                     step = None
1320                     continue
1321                 if i - prev in [-1, 1]:
1322                     step = i - prev
1323                     start = prev
1324                     continue
1325                 else:
1326                     yield 's[%d]' % prev
1327             if step is None:
1328                 yield 's[%d]' % i
1329             else:
1330                 yield _genslice(start, i, step)
1331
1332         test_string = ''.join(map(compat_chr, range(len(example_sig))))
1333         cache_res = func(test_string)
1334         cache_spec = [ord(c) for c in cache_res]
1335         expr_code = ' + '.join(gen_sig_code(cache_spec))
1336         signature_id_tuple = '(%s)' % (
1337             ', '.join(compat_str(len(p)) for p in example_sig.split('.')))
1338         code = ('if tuple(len(p) for p in s.split(\'.\')) == %s:\n'
1339                 '    return %s\n') % (signature_id_tuple, expr_code)
1340         self.to_screen('Extracted signature function:\n' + code)
1341
1342     def _parse_sig_js(self, jscode):
1343         funcname = self._search_regex(
1344             (r'\b[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*encodeURIComponent\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1345              r'\b[a-zA-Z0-9]+\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*encodeURIComponent\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1346              r'\b(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2})\s*=\s*function\(\s*a\s*\)\s*{\s*a\s*=\s*a\.split\(\s*""\s*\)',
1347              r'(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\s*=\s*function\(\s*a\s*\)\s*{\s*a\s*=\s*a\.split\(\s*""\s*\)',
1348              # Obsolete patterns
1349              r'(["\'])signature\1\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1350              r'\.sig\|\|(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1351              r'yt\.akamaized\.net/\)\s*\|\|\s*.*?\s*[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?:encodeURIComponent\s*\()?\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1352              r'\b[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1353              r'\b[a-zA-Z0-9]+\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1354              r'\bc\s*&&\s*a\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*\([^)]*\)\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1355              r'\bc\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*\([^)]*\)\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1356              r'\bc\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*\([^)]*\)\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\('),
1357             jscode, 'Initial JS player signature function name', group='sig')
1358
1359         jsi = JSInterpreter(jscode)
1360         initial_function = jsi.extract_function(funcname)
1361         return lambda s: initial_function([s])
1362
1363     def _parse_sig_swf(self, file_contents):
1364         swfi = SWFInterpreter(file_contents)
1365         TARGET_CLASSNAME = 'SignatureDecipher'
1366         searched_class = swfi.extract_class(TARGET_CLASSNAME)
1367         initial_function = swfi.extract_function(searched_class, 'decipher')
1368         return lambda s: initial_function([s])
1369
1370     def _decrypt_signature(self, s, video_id, player_url, age_gate=False):
1371         """Turn the encrypted s field into a working signature"""
1372
1373         if player_url is None:
1374             raise ExtractorError('Cannot decrypt signature without player_url')
1375
1376         if player_url.startswith('//'):
1377             player_url = 'https:' + player_url
1378         elif not re.match(r'https?://', player_url):
1379             player_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin(
1380                 'https://www.youtube.com', player_url)
1381         try:
1382             player_id = (player_url, self._signature_cache_id(s))
1383             if player_id not in self._player_cache:
1384                 func = self._extract_signature_function(
1385                     video_id, player_url, s
1386                 )
1387                 self._player_cache[player_id] = func
1388             func = self._player_cache[player_id]
1389             if self._downloader.params.get('youtube_print_sig_code'):
1390                 self._print_sig_code(func, s)
1391             return func(s)
1392         except Exception as e:
1393             tb = traceback.format_exc()
1394             raise ExtractorError(
1395                 'Signature extraction failed: ' + tb, cause=e)
1396
1397     def _get_subtitles(self, video_id, webpage):
1398         try:
1399             subs_doc = self._download_xml(
1400                 'https://video.google.com/timedtext?hl=en&type=list&v=%s' % video_id,
1401                 video_id, note=False)
1402         except ExtractorError as err:
1403             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to download video subtitles: %s' % error_to_compat_str(err))
1404             return {}
1405
1406         sub_lang_list = {}
1407         for track in subs_doc.findall('track'):
1408             lang = track.attrib['lang_code']
1409             if lang in sub_lang_list:
1410                 continue
1411             sub_formats = []
1412             for ext in self._SUBTITLE_FORMATS:
1413                 params = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
1414                     'lang': lang,
1415                     'v': video_id,
1416                     'fmt': ext,
1417                     'name': track.attrib['name'].encode('utf-8'),
1418                 })
1419                 sub_formats.append({
1420                     'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/api/timedtext?' + params,
1421                     'ext': ext,
1422                 })
1423             sub_lang_list[lang] = sub_formats
1424         if not sub_lang_list:
1425             self._downloader.report_warning('video doesn\'t have subtitles')
1426             return {}
1427         return sub_lang_list
1428
1429     def _get_ytplayer_config(self, video_id, webpage):
1430         patterns = (
1431             # User data may contain arbitrary character sequences that may affect
1432             # JSON extraction with regex, e.g. when '};' is contained the second
1433             # regex won't capture the whole JSON. Yet working around by trying more
1434             # concrete regex first keeping in mind proper quoted string handling
1435             # to be implemented in future that will replace this workaround (see
1436             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7468,
1437             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/7599)
1438             r';ytplayer\.config\s*=\s*({.+?});ytplayer',
1439             r';ytplayer\.config\s*=\s*({.+?});',
1440         )
1441         config = self._search_regex(
1442             patterns, webpage, 'ytplayer.config', default=None)
1443         if config:
1444             return self._parse_json(
1445                 uppercase_escape(config), video_id, fatal=False)
1446
1447     def _get_automatic_captions(self, video_id, webpage):
1448         """We need the webpage for getting the captions url, pass it as an
1449            argument to speed up the process."""
1450         self.to_screen('%s: Looking for automatic captions' % video_id)
1451         player_config = self._get_ytplayer_config(video_id, webpage)
1452         err_msg = 'Couldn\'t find automatic captions for %s' % video_id
1453         if not player_config:
1454             self._downloader.report_warning(err_msg)
1455             return {}
1456         try:
1457             args = player_config['args']
1458             caption_url = args.get('ttsurl')
1459             if caption_url:
1460                 timestamp = args['timestamp']
1461                 # We get the available subtitles
1462                 list_params = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
1463                     'type': 'list',
1464                     'tlangs': 1,
1465                     'asrs': 1,
1466                 })
1467                 list_url = caption_url + '&' + list_params
1468                 caption_list = self._download_xml(list_url, video_id)
1469                 original_lang_node = caption_list.find('track')
1470                 if original_lang_node is None:
1471                     self._downloader.report_warning('Video doesn\'t have automatic captions')
1472                     return {}
1473                 original_lang = original_lang_node.attrib['lang_code']
1474                 caption_kind = original_lang_node.attrib.get('kind', '')
1475
1476                 sub_lang_list = {}
1477                 for lang_node in caption_list.findall('target'):
1478                     sub_lang = lang_node.attrib['lang_code']
1479                     sub_formats = []
1480                     for ext in self._SUBTITLE_FORMATS:
1481                         params = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
1482                             'lang': original_lang,
1483                             'tlang': sub_lang,
1484                             'fmt': ext,
1485                             'ts': timestamp,
1486                             'kind': caption_kind,
1487                         })
1488                         sub_formats.append({
1489                             'url': caption_url + '&' + params,
1490                             'ext': ext,
1491                         })
1492                     sub_lang_list[sub_lang] = sub_formats
1493                 return sub_lang_list
1494
1495             def make_captions(sub_url, sub_langs):
1496                 parsed_sub_url = compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(sub_url)
1497                 caption_qs = compat_parse_qs(parsed_sub_url.query)
1498                 captions = {}
1499                 for sub_lang in sub_langs:
1500                     sub_formats = []
1501                     for ext in self._SUBTITLE_FORMATS:
1502                         caption_qs.update({
1503                             'tlang': [sub_lang],
1504                             'fmt': [ext],
1505                         })
1506                         sub_url = compat_urlparse.urlunparse(parsed_sub_url._replace(
1507                             query=compat_urllib_parse_urlencode(caption_qs, True)))
1508                         sub_formats.append({
1509                             'url': sub_url,
1510                             'ext': ext,
1511                         })
1512                     captions[sub_lang] = sub_formats
1513                 return captions
1514
1515             # New captions format as of 22.06.2017
1516             player_response = args.get('player_response')
1517             if player_response and isinstance(player_response, compat_str):
1518                 player_response = self._parse_json(
1519                     player_response, video_id, fatal=False)
1520                 if player_response:
1521                     renderer = player_response['captions']['playerCaptionsTracklistRenderer']
1522                     base_url = renderer['captionTracks'][0]['baseUrl']
1523                     sub_lang_list = []
1524                     for lang in renderer['translationLanguages']:
1525                         lang_code = lang.get('languageCode')
1526                         if lang_code:
1527                             sub_lang_list.append(lang_code)
1528                     return make_captions(base_url, sub_lang_list)
1529
1530             # Some videos don't provide ttsurl but rather caption_tracks and
1531             # caption_translation_languages (e.g. 20LmZk1hakA)
1532             # Does not used anymore as of 22.06.2017
1533             caption_tracks = args['caption_tracks']
1534             caption_translation_languages = args['caption_translation_languages']
1535             caption_url = compat_parse_qs(caption_tracks.split(',')[0])['u'][0]
1536             sub_lang_list = []
1537             for lang in caption_translation_languages.split(','):
1538                 lang_qs = compat_parse_qs(compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(lang))
1539                 sub_lang = lang_qs.get('lc', [None])[0]
1540                 if sub_lang:
1541                     sub_lang_list.append(sub_lang)
1542             return make_captions(caption_url, sub_lang_list)
1543         # An extractor error can be raise by the download process if there are
1544         # no automatic captions but there are subtitles
1545         except (KeyError, IndexError, ExtractorError):
1546             self._downloader.report_warning(err_msg)
1547             return {}
1548
1549     def _mark_watched(self, video_id, video_info, player_response):
1550         playback_url = url_or_none(try_get(
1551             player_response,
1552             lambda x: x['playbackTracking']['videostatsPlaybackUrl']['baseUrl']) or try_get(
1553             video_info, lambda x: x['videostats_playback_base_url'][0]))
1554         if not playback_url:
1555             return
1556         parsed_playback_url = compat_urlparse.urlparse(playback_url)
1557         qs = compat_urlparse.parse_qs(parsed_playback_url.query)
1558
1559         # cpn generation algorithm is reverse engineered from base.js.
1560         # In fact it works even with dummy cpn.
1561         CPN_ALPHABET = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789-_'
1562         cpn = ''.join((CPN_ALPHABET[random.randint(0, 256) & 63] for _ in range(0, 16)))
1563
1564         qs.update({
1565             'ver': ['2'],
1566             'cpn': [cpn],
1567         })
1568         playback_url = compat_urlparse.urlunparse(
1569             parsed_playback_url._replace(query=compat_urllib_parse_urlencode(qs, True)))
1570
1571         self._download_webpage(
1572             playback_url, video_id, 'Marking watched',
1573             'Unable to mark watched', fatal=False)
1574
1575     @staticmethod
1576     def _extract_urls(webpage):
1577         # Embedded YouTube player
1578         entries = [
1579             unescapeHTML(mobj.group('url'))
1580             for mobj in re.finditer(r'''(?x)
1581             (?:
1582                 <iframe[^>]+?src=|
1583                 data-video-url=|
1584                 <embed[^>]+?src=|
1585                 embedSWF\(?:\s*|
1586                 <object[^>]+data=|
1587                 new\s+SWFObject\(
1588             )
1589             (["\'])
1590                 (?P<url>(?:https?:)?//(?:www\.)?youtube(?:-nocookie)?\.com/
1591                 (?:embed|v|p)/[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}.*?)
1592             \1''', webpage)]
1593
1594         # lazyYT YouTube embed
1595         entries.extend(list(map(
1596             unescapeHTML,
1597             re.findall(r'class="lazyYT" data-youtube-id="([^"]+)"', webpage))))
1598
1599         # Wordpress "YouTube Video Importer" plugin
1600         matches = re.findall(r'''(?x)<div[^>]+
1601             class=(?P<q1>[\'"])[^\'"]*\byvii_single_video_player\b[^\'"]*(?P=q1)[^>]+
1602             data-video_id=(?P<q2>[\'"])([^\'"]+)(?P=q2)''', webpage)
1603         entries.extend(m[-1] for m in matches)
1604
1605         return entries
1606
1607     @staticmethod
1608     def _extract_url(webpage):
1609         urls = YoutubeIE._extract_urls(webpage)
1610         return urls[0] if urls else None
1611
1612     @classmethod
1613     def extract_id(cls, url):
1614         mobj = re.match(cls._VALID_URL, url, re.VERBOSE)
1615         if mobj is None:
1616             raise ExtractorError('Invalid URL: %s' % url)
1617         video_id = mobj.group(2)
1618         return video_id
1619
1620     @staticmethod
1621     def _extract_chapters(description, duration):
1622         if not description:
1623             return None
1624         chapter_lines = re.findall(
1625             r'(?:^|<br\s*/>)([^<]*<a[^>]+onclick=["\']yt\.www\.watch\.player\.seekTo[^>]+>(\d{1,2}:\d{1,2}(?::\d{1,2})?)</a>[^>]*)(?=$|<br\s*/>)',
1626             description)
1627         if not chapter_lines:
1628             return None
1629         chapters = []
1630         for next_num, (chapter_line, time_point) in enumerate(
1631                 chapter_lines, start=1):
1632             start_time = parse_duration(time_point)
1633             if start_time is None:
1634                 continue
1635             if start_time > duration:
1636                 break
1637             end_time = (duration if next_num == len(chapter_lines)
1638                         else parse_duration(chapter_lines[next_num][1]))
1639             if end_time is None:
1640                 continue
1641             if end_time > duration:
1642                 end_time = duration
1643             if start_time > end_time:
1644                 break
1645             chapter_title = re.sub(
1646                 r'<a[^>]+>[^<]+</a>', '', chapter_line).strip(' \t-')
1647             chapter_title = re.sub(r'\s+', ' ', chapter_title)
1648             chapters.append({
1649                 'start_time': start_time,
1650                 'end_time': end_time,
1651                 'title': chapter_title,
1652             })
1653         return chapters
1654
1655     def _real_extract(self, url):
1656         url, smuggled_data = unsmuggle_url(url, {})
1657
1658         proto = (
1659             'http' if self._downloader.params.get('prefer_insecure', False)
1660             else 'https')
1661
1662         start_time = None
1663         end_time = None
1664         parsed_url = compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(url)
1665         for component in [parsed_url.fragment, parsed_url.query]:
1666             query = compat_parse_qs(component)
1667             if start_time is None and 't' in query:
1668                 start_time = parse_duration(query['t'][0])
1669             if start_time is None and 'start' in query:
1670                 start_time = parse_duration(query['start'][0])
1671             if end_time is None and 'end' in query:
1672                 end_time = parse_duration(query['end'][0])
1673
1674         # Extract original video URL from URL with redirection, like age verification, using next_url parameter
1675         mobj = re.search(self._NEXT_URL_RE, url)
1676         if mobj:
1677             url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/' + compat_urllib_parse_unquote(mobj.group(1)).lstrip('/')
1678         video_id = self.extract_id(url)
1679
1680         # Get video webpage
1681         url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s&gl=US&hl=en&has_verified=1&bpctr=9999999999' % video_id
1682         video_webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
1683
1684         # Attempt to extract SWF player URL
1685         mobj = re.search(r'swfConfig.*?"(https?:\\/\\/.*?watch.*?-.*?\.swf)"', video_webpage)
1686         if mobj is not None:
1687             player_url = re.sub(r'\\(.)', r'\1', mobj.group(1))
1688         else:
1689             player_url = None
1690
1691         dash_mpds = []
1692
1693         def add_dash_mpd(video_info):
1694             dash_mpd = video_info.get('dashmpd')
1695             if dash_mpd and dash_mpd[0] not in dash_mpds:
1696                 dash_mpds.append(dash_mpd[0])
1697
1698         def add_dash_mpd_pr(pl_response):
1699             dash_mpd = url_or_none(try_get(
1700                 pl_response, lambda x: x['streamingData']['dashManifestUrl'],
1701                 compat_str))
1702             if dash_mpd and dash_mpd not in dash_mpds:
1703                 dash_mpds.append(dash_mpd)
1704
1705         is_live = None
1706         view_count = None
1707
1708         def extract_view_count(v_info):
1709             return int_or_none(try_get(v_info, lambda x: x['view_count'][0]))
1710
1711         def extract_token(v_info):
1712             return dict_get(v_info, ('account_playback_token', 'accountPlaybackToken', 'token'))
1713
1714         def extract_player_response(player_response, video_id):
1715             pl_response = str_or_none(player_response)
1716             if not pl_response:
1717                 return
1718             pl_response = self._parse_json(pl_response, video_id, fatal=False)
1719             if isinstance(pl_response, dict):
1720                 add_dash_mpd_pr(pl_response)
1721                 return pl_response
1722
1723         player_response = {}
1724
1725         # Get video info
1726         embed_webpage = None
1727         if re.search(r'player-age-gate-content">', video_webpage) is not None:
1728             age_gate = True
1729             # We simulate the access to the video from www.youtube.com/v/{video_id}
1730             # this can be viewed without login into Youtube
1731             url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/embed/%s' % video_id
1732             embed_webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id, 'Downloading embed webpage')
1733             data = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
1734                 'video_id': video_id,
1735                 'eurl': 'https://youtube.googleapis.com/v/' + video_id,
1736                 'sts': self._search_regex(
1737                     r'"sts"\s*:\s*(\d+)', embed_webpage, 'sts', default=''),
1738             })
1739             video_info_url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/get_video_info?' + data
1740             video_info_webpage = self._download_webpage(
1741                 video_info_url, video_id,
1742                 note='Refetching age-gated info webpage',
1743                 errnote='unable to download video info webpage')
1744             video_info = compat_parse_qs(video_info_webpage)
1745             pl_response = video_info.get('player_response', [None])[0]
1746             player_response = extract_player_response(pl_response, video_id)
1747             add_dash_mpd(video_info)
1748             view_count = extract_view_count(video_info)
1749         else:
1750             age_gate = False
1751             video_info = None
1752             sts = None
1753             # Try looking directly into the video webpage
1754             ytplayer_config = self._get_ytplayer_config(video_id, video_webpage)
1755             if ytplayer_config:
1756                 args = ytplayer_config['args']
1757                 if args.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map') or args.get('hlsvp'):
1758                     # Convert to the same format returned by compat_parse_qs
1759                     video_info = dict((k, [v]) for k, v in args.items())
1760                     add_dash_mpd(video_info)
1761                 # Rental video is not rented but preview is available (e.g.
1762                 # https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yYr8q0y5Jfg,
1763                 # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/10532)
1764                 if not video_info and args.get('ypc_vid'):
1765                     return self.url_result(
1766                         args['ypc_vid'], YoutubeIE.ie_key(), video_id=args['ypc_vid'])
1767                 if args.get('livestream') == '1' or args.get('live_playback') == 1:
1768                     is_live = True
1769                 sts = ytplayer_config.get('sts')
1770                 if not player_response:
1771                     player_response = extract_player_response(args.get('player_response'), video_id)
1772             if not video_info or self._downloader.params.get('youtube_include_dash_manifest', True):
1773                 add_dash_mpd_pr(player_response)
1774                 # We also try looking in get_video_info since it may contain different dashmpd
1775                 # URL that points to a DASH manifest with possibly different itag set (some itags
1776                 # are missing from DASH manifest pointed by webpage's dashmpd, some - from DASH
1777                 # manifest pointed by get_video_info's dashmpd).
1778                 # The general idea is to take a union of itags of both DASH manifests (for example
1779                 # video with such 'manifest behavior' see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/6093)
1780                 self.report_video_info_webpage_download(video_id)
1781                 for el in ('embedded', 'detailpage', 'vevo', ''):
1782                     query = {
1783                         'video_id': video_id,
1784                         'ps': 'default',
1785                         'eurl': '',
1786                         'gl': 'US',
1787                         'hl': 'en',
1788                     }
1789                     if el:
1790                         query['el'] = el
1791                     if sts:
1792                         query['sts'] = sts
1793                     video_info_webpage = self._download_webpage(
1794                         '%s://www.youtube.com/get_video_info' % proto,
1795                         video_id, note=False,
1796                         errnote='unable to download video info webpage',
1797                         fatal=False, query=query)
1798                     if not video_info_webpage:
1799                         continue
1800                     get_video_info = compat_parse_qs(video_info_webpage)
1801                     if not player_response:
1802                         pl_response = get_video_info.get('player_response', [None])[0]
1803                         player_response = extract_player_response(pl_response, video_id)
1804                     add_dash_mpd(get_video_info)
1805                     if view_count is None:
1806                         view_count = extract_view_count(get_video_info)
1807                     if not video_info:
1808                         video_info = get_video_info
1809                     get_token = extract_token(get_video_info)
1810                     if get_token:
1811                         # Different get_video_info requests may report different results, e.g.
1812                         # some may report video unavailability, but some may serve it without
1813                         # any complaint (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7362,
1814                         # the original webpage as well as el=info and el=embedded get_video_info
1815                         # requests report video unavailability due to geo restriction while
1816                         # el=detailpage succeeds and returns valid data). This is probably
1817                         # due to YouTube measures against IP ranges of hosting providers.
1818                         # Working around by preferring the first succeeded video_info containing
1819                         # the token if no such video_info yet was found.
1820                         token = extract_token(video_info)
1821                         if not token:
1822                             video_info = get_video_info
1823                         break
1824
1825         def extract_unavailable_message():
1826             messages = []
1827             for tag, kind in (('h1', 'message'), ('div', 'submessage')):
1828                 msg = self._html_search_regex(
1829                     r'(?s)<{tag}[^>]+id=["\']unavailable-{kind}["\'][^>]*>(.+?)</{tag}>'.format(tag=tag, kind=kind),
1830                     video_webpage, 'unavailable %s' % kind, default=None)
1831                 if msg:
1832                     messages.append(msg)
1833             if messages:
1834                 return '\n'.join(messages)
1835
1836         if not video_info:
1837             unavailable_message = extract_unavailable_message()
1838             if not unavailable_message:
1839                 unavailable_message = 'Unable to extract video data'
1840             raise ExtractorError(
1841                 'YouTube said: %s' % unavailable_message, expected=True, video_id=video_id)
1842
1843         video_details = try_get(
1844             player_response, lambda x: x['videoDetails'], dict) or {}
1845
1846         video_title = video_info.get('title', [None])[0] or video_details.get('title')
1847         if not video_title:
1848             self._downloader.report_warning('Unable to extract video title')
1849             video_title = '_'
1850
1851         description_original = video_description = get_element_by_id("eow-description", video_webpage)
1852         if video_description:
1853
1854             def replace_url(m):
1855                 redir_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin(url, m.group(1))
1856                 parsed_redir_url = compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(redir_url)
1857                 if re.search(r'^(?:www\.)?(?:youtube(?:-nocookie)?\.com|youtu\.be)$', parsed_redir_url.netloc) and parsed_redir_url.path == '/redirect':
1858                     qs = compat_parse_qs(parsed_redir_url.query)
1859                     q = qs.get('q')
1860                     if q and q[0]:
1861                         return q[0]
1862                 return redir_url
1863
1864             description_original = video_description = re.sub(r'''(?x)
1865                 <a\s+
1866                     (?:[a-zA-Z-]+="[^"]*"\s+)*?
1867                     (?:title|href)="([^"]+)"\s+
1868                     (?:[a-zA-Z-]+="[^"]*"\s+)*?
1869                     class="[^"]*"[^>]*>
1870                 [^<]+\.{3}\s*
1871                 </a>
1872             ''', replace_url, video_description)
1873             video_description = clean_html(video_description)
1874         else:
1875             video_description = self._html_search_meta('description', video_webpage) or video_details.get('shortDescription')
1876
1877         if not smuggled_data.get('force_singlefeed', False):
1878             if not self._downloader.params.get('noplaylist'):
1879                 multifeed_metadata_list = try_get(
1880                     player_response,
1881                     lambda x: x['multicamera']['playerLegacyMulticameraRenderer']['metadataList'],
1882                     compat_str) or try_get(
1883                     video_info, lambda x: x['multifeed_metadata_list'][0], compat_str)
1884                 if multifeed_metadata_list:
1885                     entries = []
1886                     feed_ids = []
1887                     for feed in multifeed_metadata_list.split(','):
1888                         # Unquote should take place before split on comma (,) since textual
1889                         # fields may contain comma as well (see
1890                         # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8536)
1891                         feed_data = compat_parse_qs(compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(feed))
1892                         entries.append({
1893                             '_type': 'url_transparent',
1894                             'ie_key': 'Youtube',
1895                             'url': smuggle_url(
1896                                 '%s://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s' % (proto, feed_data['id'][0]),
1897                                 {'force_singlefeed': True}),
1898                             'title': '%s (%s)' % (video_title, feed_data['title'][0]),
1899                         })
1900                         feed_ids.append(feed_data['id'][0])
1901                     self.to_screen(
1902                         'Downloading multifeed video (%s) - add --no-playlist to just download video %s'
1903                         % (', '.join(feed_ids), video_id))
1904                     return self.playlist_result(entries, video_id, video_title, video_description)
1905             else:
1906                 self.to_screen('Downloading just video %s because of --no-playlist' % video_id)
1907
1908         if view_count is None:
1909             view_count = extract_view_count(video_info)
1910         if view_count is None and video_details:
1911             view_count = int_or_none(video_details.get('viewCount'))
1912
1913         if is_live is None:
1914             is_live = bool_or_none(video_details.get('isLive'))
1915
1916         # Check for "rental" videos
1917         if 'ypc_video_rental_bar_text' in video_info and 'author' not in video_info:
1918             raise ExtractorError('"rental" videos not supported. See https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/359 for more information.', expected=True)
1919
1920         def _extract_filesize(media_url):
1921             return int_or_none(self._search_regex(
1922                 r'\bclen[=/](\d+)', media_url, 'filesize', default=None))
1923
1924         streaming_formats = try_get(player_response, lambda x: x['streamingData']['formats'], list) or []
1925         streaming_formats.extend(try_get(player_response, lambda x: x['streamingData']['adaptiveFormats'], list) or [])
1926
1927         if 'conn' in video_info and video_info['conn'][0].startswith('rtmp'):
1928             self.report_rtmp_download()
1929             formats = [{
1930                 'format_id': '_rtmp',
1931                 'protocol': 'rtmp',
1932                 'url': video_info['conn'][0],
1933                 'player_url': player_url,
1934             }]
1935         elif not is_live and (streaming_formats or len(video_info.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map', [''])[0]) >= 1 or len(video_info.get('adaptive_fmts', [''])[0]) >= 1):
1936             encoded_url_map = video_info.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map', [''])[0] + ',' + video_info.get('adaptive_fmts', [''])[0]
1937             if 'rtmpe%3Dyes' in encoded_url_map:
1938                 raise ExtractorError('rtmpe downloads are not supported, see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/343 for more information.', expected=True)
1939             formats = []
1940             formats_spec = {}
1941             fmt_list = video_info.get('fmt_list', [''])[0]
1942             if fmt_list:
1943                 for fmt in fmt_list.split(','):
1944                     spec = fmt.split('/')
1945                     if len(spec) > 1:
1946                         width_height = spec[1].split('x')
1947                         if len(width_height) == 2:
1948                             formats_spec[spec[0]] = {
1949                                 'resolution': spec[1],
1950                                 'width': int_or_none(width_height[0]),
1951                                 'height': int_or_none(width_height[1]),
1952                             }
1953             for fmt in streaming_formats:
1954                 itag = str_or_none(fmt.get('itag'))
1955                 if not itag:
1956                     continue
1957                 quality = fmt.get('quality')
1958                 quality_label = fmt.get('qualityLabel') or quality
1959                 formats_spec[itag] = {
1960                     'asr': int_or_none(fmt.get('audioSampleRate')),
1961                     'filesize': int_or_none(fmt.get('contentLength')),
1962                     'format_note': quality_label,
1963                     'fps': int_or_none(fmt.get('fps')),
1964                     'height': int_or_none(fmt.get('height')),
1965                     # bitrate for itag 43 is always 2147483647
1966                     'tbr': float_or_none(fmt.get('averageBitrate') or fmt.get('bitrate'), 1000) if itag != '43' else None,
1967                     'width': int_or_none(fmt.get('width')),
1968                 }
1969
1970             for fmt in streaming_formats:
1971                 if fmt.get('drm_families'):
1972                     continue
1973                 url = url_or_none(fmt.get('url'))
1974
1975                 if not url:
1976                     cipher = fmt.get('cipher')
1977                     if not cipher:
1978                         continue
1979                     url_data = compat_parse_qs(cipher)
1980                     url = url_or_none(try_get(url_data, lambda x: x['url'][0], compat_str))
1981                     if not url:
1982                         continue
1983                 else:
1984                     cipher = None
1985                     url_data = compat_parse_qs(compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(url).query)
1986
1987                 stream_type = int_or_none(try_get(url_data, lambda x: x['stream_type'][0]))
1988                 # Unsupported FORMAT_STREAM_TYPE_OTF
1989                 if stream_type == 3:
1990                     continue
1991
1992                 format_id = fmt.get('itag') or url_data['itag'][0]
1993                 if not format_id:
1994                     continue
1995                 format_id = compat_str(format_id)
1996
1997                 if cipher:
1998                     if 's' in url_data or self._downloader.params.get('youtube_include_dash_manifest', True):
1999                         ASSETS_RE = r'"assets":.+?"js":\s*("[^"]+")'
2000                         jsplayer_url_json = self._search_regex(
2001                             ASSETS_RE,
2002                             embed_webpage if age_gate else video_webpage,
2003                             'JS player URL (1)', default=None)
2004                         if not jsplayer_url_json and not age_gate:
2005                             # We need the embed website after all
2006                             if embed_webpage is None:
2007                                 embed_url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/embed/%s' % video_id
2008                                 embed_webpage = self._download_webpage(
2009                                     embed_url, video_id, 'Downloading embed webpage')
2010                             jsplayer_url_json = self._search_regex(
2011                                 ASSETS_RE, embed_webpage, 'JS player URL')
2012
2013                         player_url = json.loads(jsplayer_url_json)
2014                         if player_url is None:
2015                             player_url_json = self._search_regex(
2016                                 r'ytplayer\.config.*?"url"\s*:\s*("[^"]+")',
2017                                 video_webpage, 'age gate player URL')
2018                             player_url = json.loads(player_url_json)
2019
2020                     if 'sig' in url_data:
2021                         url += '&signature=' + url_data['sig'][0]
2022                     elif 's' in url_data:
2023                         encrypted_sig = url_data['s'][0]
2024
2025                         if self._downloader.params.get('verbose'):
2026                             if player_url is None:
2027                                 player_version = 'unknown'
2028                                 player_desc = 'unknown'
2029                             else:
2030                                 if player_url.endswith('swf'):
2031                                     player_version = self._search_regex(
2032                                         r'-(.+?)(?:/watch_as3)?\.swf$', player_url,
2033                                         'flash player', fatal=False)
2034                                     player_desc = 'flash player %s' % player_version
2035                                 else:
2036                                     player_version = self._search_regex(
2037                                         [r'html5player-([^/]+?)(?:/html5player(?:-new)?)?\.js',
2038                                          r'(?:www|player(?:_ias)?)-([^/]+)(?:/[a-z]{2,3}_[A-Z]{2})?/base\.js'],
2039                                         player_url,
2040                                         'html5 player', fatal=False)
2041                                     player_desc = 'html5 player %s' % player_version
2042
2043                             parts_sizes = self._signature_cache_id(encrypted_sig)
2044                             self.to_screen('{%s} signature length %s, %s' %
2045                                            (format_id, parts_sizes, player_desc))
2046
2047                         signature = self._decrypt_signature(
2048                             encrypted_sig, video_id, player_url, age_gate)
2049                         sp = try_get(url_data, lambda x: x['sp'][0], compat_str) or 'signature'
2050                         url += '&%s=%s' % (sp, signature)
2051                 if 'ratebypass' not in url:
2052                     url += '&ratebypass=yes'
2053
2054                 dct = {
2055                     'format_id': format_id,
2056                     'url': url,
2057                     'player_url': player_url,
2058                 }
2059                 if format_id in self._formats:
2060                     dct.update(self._formats[format_id])
2061                 if format_id in formats_spec:
2062                     dct.update(formats_spec[format_id])
2063
2064                 # Some itags are not included in DASH manifest thus corresponding formats will
2065                 # lack metadata (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/5993).
2066                 # Trying to extract metadata from url_encoded_fmt_stream_map entry.
2067                 mobj = re.search(r'^(?P<width>\d+)[xX](?P<height>\d+)$', url_data.get('size', [''])[0])
2068                 width, height = (int(mobj.group('width')), int(mobj.group('height'))) if mobj else (None, None)
2069
2070                 if width is None:
2071                     width = int_or_none(fmt.get('width'))
2072                 if height is None:
2073                     height = int_or_none(fmt.get('height'))
2074
2075                 filesize = int_or_none(url_data.get(
2076                     'clen', [None])[0]) or _extract_filesize(url)
2077
2078                 quality = url_data.get('quality', [None])[0] or fmt.get('quality')
2079                 quality_label = url_data.get('quality_label', [None])[0] or fmt.get('qualityLabel')
2080
2081                 tbr = (float_or_none(url_data.get('bitrate', [None])[0], 1000)
2082                        or float_or_none(fmt.get('bitrate'), 1000)) if format_id != '43' else None
2083                 fps = int_or_none(url_data.get('fps', [None])[0]) or int_or_none(fmt.get('fps'))
2084
2085                 more_fields = {
2086                     'filesize': filesize,
2087                     'tbr': tbr,
2088                     'width': width,
2089                     'height': height,
2090                     'fps': fps,
2091                     'format_note': quality_label or quality,
2092                 }
2093                 for key, value in more_fields.items():
2094                     if value:
2095                         dct[key] = value
2096                 type_ = url_data.get('type', [None])[0] or fmt.get('mimeType')
2097                 if type_:
2098                     type_split = type_.split(';')
2099                     kind_ext = type_split[0].split('/')
2100                     if len(kind_ext) == 2:
2101                         kind, _ = kind_ext
2102                         dct['ext'] = mimetype2ext(type_split[0])
2103                         if kind in ('audio', 'video'):
2104                             codecs = None
2105                             for mobj in re.finditer(
2106                                     r'(?P<key>[a-zA-Z_-]+)=(?P<quote>["\']?)(?P<val>.+?)(?P=quote)(?:;|$)', type_):
2107                                 if mobj.group('key') == 'codecs':
2108                                     codecs = mobj.group('val')
2109                                     break
2110                             if codecs:
2111                                 dct.update(parse_codecs(codecs))
2112                 if dct.get('acodec') == 'none' or dct.get('vcodec') == 'none':
2113                     dct['downloader_options'] = {
2114                         # Youtube throttles chunks >~10M
2115                         'http_chunk_size': 10485760,
2116                     }
2117                 formats.append(dct)
2118         else:
2119             manifest_url = (
2120                 url_or_none(try_get(
2121                     player_response,
2122                     lambda x: x['streamingData']['hlsManifestUrl'],
2123                     compat_str))
2124                 or url_or_none(try_get(
2125                     video_info, lambda x: x['hlsvp'][0], compat_str)))
2126             if manifest_url:
2127                 formats = []
2128                 m3u8_formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
2129                     manifest_url, video_id, 'mp4', fatal=False)
2130                 for a_format in m3u8_formats:
2131                     itag = self._search_regex(
2132                         r'/itag/(\d+)/', a_format['url'], 'itag', default=None)
2133                     if itag:
2134                         a_format['format_id'] = itag
2135                         if itag in self._formats:
2136                             dct = self._formats[itag].copy()
2137                             dct.update(a_format)
2138                             a_format = dct
2139                     a_format['player_url'] = player_url
2140                     # Accept-Encoding header causes failures in live streams on Youtube and Youtube Gaming
2141                     a_format.setdefault('http_headers', {})['Youtubedl-no-compression'] = 'True'
2142                     formats.append(a_format)
2143             else:
2144                 error_message = extract_unavailable_message()
2145                 if not error_message:
2146                     error_message = clean_html(try_get(
2147                         player_response, lambda x: x['playabilityStatus']['reason'],
2148                         compat_str))
2149                 if not error_message:
2150                     error_message = clean_html(
2151                         try_get(video_info, lambda x: x['reason'][0], compat_str))
2152                 if error_message:
2153                     raise ExtractorError(error_message, expected=True)
2154                 raise ExtractorError('no conn, hlsvp, hlsManifestUrl or url_encoded_fmt_stream_map information found in video info')
2155
2156         # uploader
2157         video_uploader = try_get(
2158             video_info, lambda x: x['author'][0],
2159             compat_str) or str_or_none(video_details.get('author'))
2160         if video_uploader:
2161             video_uploader = compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(video_uploader)
2162         else:
2163             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to extract uploader name')
2164
2165         # uploader_id
2166         video_uploader_id = None
2167         video_uploader_url = None
2168         mobj = re.search(
2169             r'<link itemprop="url" href="(?P<uploader_url>https?://www\.youtube\.com/(?:user|channel)/(?P<uploader_id>[^"]+))">',
2170             video_webpage)
2171         if mobj is not None:
2172             video_uploader_id = mobj.group('uploader_id')
2173             video_uploader_url = mobj.group('uploader_url')
2174         else:
2175             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to extract uploader nickname')
2176
2177         channel_id = (
2178             str_or_none(video_details.get('channelId'))
2179             or self._html_search_meta(
2180                 'channelId', video_webpage, 'channel id', default=None)
2181             or self._search_regex(
2182                 r'data-channel-external-id=(["\'])(?P<id>(?:(?!\1).)+)\1',
2183                 video_webpage, 'channel id', default=None, group='id'))
2184         channel_url = 'http://www.youtube.com/channel/%s' % channel_id if channel_id else None
2185
2186         # thumbnail image
2187         # We try first to get a high quality image:
2188         m_thumb = re.search(r'<span itemprop="thumbnail".*?href="(.*?)">',
2189                             video_webpage, re.DOTALL)
2190         if m_thumb is not None:
2191             video_thumbnail = m_thumb.group(1)
2192         elif 'thumbnail_url' not in video_info:
2193             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to extract video thumbnail')
2194             video_thumbnail = None
2195         else:   # don't panic if we can't find it
2196             video_thumbnail = compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(video_info['thumbnail_url'][0])
2197
2198         # upload date
2199         upload_date = self._html_search_meta(
2200             'datePublished', video_webpage, 'upload date', default=None)
2201         if not upload_date:
2202             upload_date = self._search_regex(
2203                 [r'(?s)id="eow-date.*?>(.*?)</span>',
2204                  r'(?:id="watch-uploader-info".*?>.*?|["\']simpleText["\']\s*:\s*["\'])(?:Published|Uploaded|Streamed live|Started) on (.+?)[<"\']'],
2205                 video_webpage, 'upload date', default=None)
2206         upload_date = unified_strdate(upload_date)
2207
2208         video_license = self._html_search_regex(
2209             r'<h4[^>]+class="title"[^>]*>\s*License\s*</h4>\s*<ul[^>]*>\s*<li>(.+?)</li',
2210             video_webpage, 'license', default=None)
2211
2212         m_music = re.search(
2213             r'''(?x)
2214                 <h4[^>]+class="title"[^>]*>\s*Music\s*</h4>\s*
2215                 <ul[^>]*>\s*
2216                 <li>(?P<title>.+?)
2217                 by (?P<creator>.+?)
2218                 (?:
2219                     \(.+?\)|
2220                     <a[^>]*
2221                         (?:
2222                             \bhref=["\']/red[^>]*>|             # drop possible
2223                             >\s*Listen ad-free with YouTube Red # YouTube Red ad
2224                         )
2225                     .*?
2226                 )?</li
2227             ''',
2228             video_webpage)
2229         if m_music:
2230             video_alt_title = remove_quotes(unescapeHTML(m_music.group('title')))
2231             video_creator = clean_html(m_music.group('creator'))
2232         else:
2233             video_alt_title = video_creator = None
2234
2235         def extract_meta(field):
2236             return self._html_search_regex(
2237                 r'<h4[^>]+class="title"[^>]*>\s*%s\s*</h4>\s*<ul[^>]*>\s*<li>(.+?)</li>\s*' % field,
2238                 video_webpage, field, default=None)
2239
2240         track = extract_meta('Song')
2241         artist = extract_meta('Artist')
2242         album = extract_meta('Album')
2243
2244         # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
2245         release_date = release_year = None
2246         if video_description:
2247             mobj = re.search(r'(?s)Provided to YouTube by [^\n]+\n+(?P<track>[^·]+)·(?P<artist>[^\n]+)\n+(?P<album>[^\n]+)(?:.+?℗\s*(?P<release_year>\d{4})(?!\d))?(?:.+?Released on\s*:\s*(?P<release_date>\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}))?(.+?\nArtist\s*:\s*(?P<clean_artist>[^\n]+))?', video_description)
2248             if mobj:
2249                 if not track:
2250                     track = mobj.group('track').strip()
2251                 if not artist:
2252                     artist = mobj.group('clean_artist') or ', '.join(a.strip() for a in mobj.group('artist').split('·'))
2253                 if not album:
2254                     album = mobj.group('album'.strip())
2255                 release_year = mobj.group('release_year')
2256                 release_date = mobj.group('release_date')
2257                 if release_date:
2258                     release_date = release_date.replace('-', '')
2259                     if not release_year:
2260                         release_year = int(release_date[:4])
2261                 if release_year:
2262                     release_year = int(release_year)
2263
2264         m_episode = re.search(
2265             r'<div[^>]+id="watch7-headline"[^>]*>\s*<span[^>]*>.*?>(?P<series>[^<]+)</a></b>\s*S(?P<season>\d+)\s*•\s*E(?P<episode>\d+)</span>',
2266             video_webpage)
2267         if m_episode:
2268             series = unescapeHTML(m_episode.group('series'))
2269             season_number = int(m_episode.group('season'))
2270             episode_number = int(m_episode.group('episode'))
2271         else:
2272             series = season_number = episode_number = None
2273
2274         m_cat_container = self._search_regex(
2275             r'(?s)<h4[^>]*>\s*Category\s*</h4>\s*<ul[^>]*>(.*?)</ul>',
2276             video_webpage, 'categories', default=None)
2277         if m_cat_container:
2278             category = self._html_search_regex(
2279                 r'(?s)<a[^<]+>(.*?)</a>', m_cat_container, 'category',
2280                 default=None)
2281             video_categories = None if category is None else [category]
2282         else:
2283             video_categories = None
2284
2285         video_tags = [
2286             unescapeHTML(m.group('content'))
2287             for m in re.finditer(self._meta_regex('og:video:tag'), video_webpage)]
2288
2289         def _extract_count(count_name):
2290             return str_to_int(self._search_regex(
2291                 r'-%s-button[^>]+><span[^>]+class="yt-uix-button-content"[^>]*>([\d,]+)</span>'
2292                 % re.escape(count_name),
2293                 video_webpage, count_name, default=None))
2294
2295         like_count = _extract_count('like')
2296         dislike_count = _extract_count('dislike')
2297
2298         if view_count is None:
2299             view_count = str_to_int(self._search_regex(
2300                 r'<[^>]+class=["\']watch-view-count[^>]+>\s*([\d,\s]+)', video_webpage,
2301                 'view count', default=None))
2302
2303         average_rating = (
2304             float_or_none(video_details.get('averageRating'))
2305             or try_get(video_info, lambda x: float_or_none(x['avg_rating'][0])))
2306
2307         # subtitles
2308         video_subtitles = self.extract_subtitles(video_id, video_webpage)
2309         automatic_captions = self.extract_automatic_captions(video_id, video_webpage)
2310
2311         video_duration = try_get(
2312             video_info, lambda x: int_or_none(x['length_seconds'][0]))
2313         if not video_duration:
2314             video_duration = int_or_none(video_details.get('lengthSeconds'))
2315         if not video_duration:
2316             video_duration = parse_duration(self._html_search_meta(
2317                 'duration', video_webpage, 'video duration'))
2318
2319         # annotations
2320         video_annotations = None
2321         if self._downloader.params.get('writeannotations', False):
2322             xsrf_token = self._search_regex(
2323                 r'([\'"])XSRF_TOKEN\1\s*:\s*([\'"])(?P<xsrf_token>[A-Za-z0-9+/=]+)\2',
2324                 video_webpage, 'xsrf token', group='xsrf_token', fatal=False)
2325             invideo_url = try_get(
2326                 player_response, lambda x: x['annotations'][0]['playerAnnotationsUrlsRenderer']['invideoUrl'], compat_str)
2327             if xsrf_token and invideo_url:
2328                 xsrf_field_name = self._search_regex(
2329                     r'([\'"])XSRF_FIELD_NAME\1\s*:\s*([\'"])(?P<xsrf_field_name>\w+)\2',
2330                     video_webpage, 'xsrf field name',
2331                     group='xsrf_field_name', default='session_token')
2332                 video_annotations = self._download_webpage(
2333                     self._proto_relative_url(invideo_url),
2334                     video_id, note='Downloading annotations',
2335                     errnote='Unable to download video annotations', fatal=False,
2336                     data=urlencode_postdata({xsrf_field_name: xsrf_token}))
2337
2338         chapters = self._extract_chapters(description_original, video_duration)
2339
2340         # Look for the DASH manifest
2341         if self._downloader.params.get('youtube_include_dash_manifest', True):
2342             dash_mpd_fatal = True
2343             for mpd_url in dash_mpds:
2344                 dash_formats = {}
2345                 try:
2346                     def decrypt_sig(mobj):
2347                         s = mobj.group(1)
2348                         dec_s = self._decrypt_signature(s, video_id, player_url, age_gate)
2349                         return '/signature/%s' % dec_s
2350
2351                     mpd_url = re.sub(r'/s/([a-fA-F0-9\.]+)', decrypt_sig, mpd_url)
2352
2353                     for df in self._extract_mpd_formats(
2354                             mpd_url, video_id, fatal=dash_mpd_fatal,
2355                             formats_dict=self._formats):
2356                         if not df.get('filesize'):
2357                             df['filesize'] = _extract_filesize(df['url'])
2358                         # Do not overwrite DASH format found in some previous DASH manifest
2359                         if df['format_id'] not in dash_formats:
2360                             dash_formats[df['format_id']] = df
2361                         # Additional DASH manifests may end up in HTTP Error 403 therefore
2362                         # allow them to fail without bug report message if we already have
2363                         # some DASH manifest succeeded. This is temporary workaround to reduce
2364                         # burst of bug reports until we figure out the reason and whether it
2365                         # can be fixed at all.
2366                         dash_mpd_fatal = False
2367                 except (ExtractorError, KeyError) as e:
2368                     self.report_warning(
2369                         'Skipping DASH manifest: %r' % e, video_id)
2370                 if dash_formats:
2371                     # Remove the formats we found through non-DASH, they
2372                     # contain less info and it can be wrong, because we use
2373                     # fixed values (for example the resolution). See
2374                     # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/5774 for an
2375                     # example.
2376                     formats = [f for f in formats if f['format_id'] not in dash_formats.keys()]
2377                     formats.extend(dash_formats.values())
2378
2379         # Check for malformed aspect ratio
2380         stretched_m = re.search(
2381             r'<meta\s+property="og:video:tag".*?content="yt:stretch=(?P<w>[0-9]+):(?P<h>[0-9]+)">',
2382             video_webpage)
2383         if stretched_m:
2384             w = float(stretched_m.group('w'))
2385             h = float(stretched_m.group('h'))
2386             # yt:stretch may hold invalid ratio data (e.g. for Q39EVAstoRM ratio is 17:0).
2387             # We will only process correct ratios.
2388             if w > 0 and h > 0:
2389                 ratio = w / h
2390                 for f in formats:
2391                     if f.get('vcodec') != 'none':
2392                         f['stretched_ratio'] = ratio
2393
2394         if not formats:
2395             token = extract_token(video_info)
2396             if not token:
2397                 if 'reason' in video_info:
2398                     if 'The uploader has not made this video available in your country.' in video_info['reason']:
2399                         regions_allowed = self._html_search_meta(
2400                             'regionsAllowed', video_webpage, default=None)
2401                         countries = regions_allowed.split(',') if regions_allowed else None
2402                         self.raise_geo_restricted(
2403                             msg=video_info['reason'][0], countries=countries)
2404                     reason = video_info['reason'][0]
2405                     if 'Invalid parameters' in reason:
2406                         unavailable_message = extract_unavailable_message()
2407                         if unavailable_message:
2408                             reason = unavailable_message
2409                     raise ExtractorError(
2410                         'YouTube said: %s' % reason,
2411                         expected=True, video_id=video_id)
2412                 else:
2413                     raise ExtractorError(
2414                         '"token" parameter not in video info for unknown reason',
2415                         video_id=video_id)
2416
2417         if not formats and (video_info.get('license_info') or try_get(player_response, lambda x: x['streamingData']['licenseInfos'])):
2418             raise ExtractorError('This video is DRM protected.', expected=True)
2419
2420         self._sort_formats(formats)
2421
2422         self.mark_watched(video_id, video_info, player_response)
2423
2424         return {
2425             'id': video_id,
2426             'uploader': video_uploader,
2427             'uploader_id': video_uploader_id,
2428             'uploader_url': video_uploader_url,
2429             'channel_id': channel_id,
2430             'channel_url': channel_url,
2431             'upload_date': upload_date,
2432             'license': video_license,
2433             'creator': video_creator or artist,
2434             'title': video_title,
2435             'alt_title': video_alt_title or track,
2436             'thumbnail': video_thumbnail,
2437             'description': video_description,
2438             'categories': video_categories,
2439             'tags': video_tags,
2440             'subtitles': video_subtitles,
2441             'automatic_captions': automatic_captions,
2442             'duration': video_duration,
2443             'age_limit': 18 if age_gate else 0,
2444             'annotations': video_annotations,
2445             'chapters': chapters,
2446             'webpage_url': proto + '://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s' % video_id,
2447             'view_count': view_count,
2448             'like_count': like_count,
2449             'dislike_count': dislike_count,
2450             'average_rating': average_rating,
2451             'formats': formats,
2452             'is_live': is_live,
2453             'start_time': start_time,
2454             'end_time': end_time,
2455             'series': series,
2456             'season_number': season_number,
2457             'episode_number': episode_number,
2458             'track': track,
2459             'artist': artist,
2460             'album': album,
2461             'release_date': release_date,
2462             'release_year': release_year,
2463         }
2464
2465
2466 class YoutubePlaylistIE(YoutubePlaylistBaseInfoExtractor):
2467     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com playlists'
2468     _VALID_URL = r"""(?x)(?:
2469                         (?:https?://)?
2470                         (?:\w+\.)?
2471                         (?:
2472                             (?:
2473                                 youtube(?:kids)?\.com|
2474                                 invidio\.us
2475                             )
2476                             /
2477                             (?:
2478                                (?:course|view_play_list|my_playlists|artist|playlist|watch|embed/(?:videoseries|[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}))
2479                                \? (?:.*?[&;])*? (?:p|a|list)=
2480                             |  p/
2481                             )|
2482                             youtu\.be/[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}\?.*?\blist=
2483                         )
2484                         (
2485                             (?:PL|LL|EC|UU|FL|RD|UL|TL|PU|OLAK5uy_)?[0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,}
2486                             # Top tracks, they can also include dots
2487                             |(?:MC)[\w\.]*
2488                         )
2489                         .*
2490                      |
2491                         (%(playlist_id)s)
2492                      )""" % {'playlist_id': YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._PLAYLIST_ID_RE}
2493     _TEMPLATE_URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=%s'
2494     _VIDEO_RE_TPL = r'href="\s*/watch\?v=%s(?:&amp;(?:[^"]*?index=(?P<index>\d+))?(?:[^>]+>(?P<title>[^<]+))?)?'
2495     _VIDEO_RE = _VIDEO_RE_TPL % r'(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})'
2496     IE_NAME = 'youtube:playlist'
2497     _TESTS = [{
2498         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL4lCao7KL_QFVb7Iudeipvc2BCavECqzc',
2499         'info_dict': {
2500             'uploader_id': 'UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
2501             'uploader': 'Sergey M.',
2502             'id': 'PL4lCao7KL_QFVb7Iudeipvc2BCavECqzc',
2503             'title': 'youtube-dl public playlist',
2504         },
2505         'playlist_count': 1,
2506     }, {
2507         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL4lCao7KL_QFodcLWhDpGCYnngnHtQ-Xf',
2508         'info_dict': {
2509             'uploader_id': 'UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
2510             'uploader': 'Sergey M.',
2511             'id': 'PL4lCao7KL_QFodcLWhDpGCYnngnHtQ-Xf',
2512             'title': 'youtube-dl empty playlist',
2513         },
2514         'playlist_count': 0,
2515     }, {
2516         'note': 'Playlist with deleted videos (#651). As a bonus, the video #51 is also twice in this list.',
2517         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwP_SiAcdui0KVebT0mU9Apz359a4ubsC',
2518         'info_dict': {
2519             'title': '29C3: Not my department',
2520             'id': 'PLwP_SiAcdui0KVebT0mU9Apz359a4ubsC',
2521             'uploader': 'Christiaan008',
2522             'uploader_id': 'ChRiStIaAn008',
2523         },
2524         'playlist_count': 96,
2525     }, {
2526         'note': 'issue #673',
2527         'url': 'PLBB231211A4F62143',
2528         'info_dict': {
2529             'title': '[OLD]Team Fortress 2 (Class-based LP)',
2530             'id': 'PLBB231211A4F62143',
2531             'uploader': 'Wickydoo',
2532             'uploader_id': 'Wickydoo',
2533         },
2534         'playlist_mincount': 26,
2535     }, {
2536         'note': 'Large playlist',
2537         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUBABnxM4Ar9ten8Mdjj1j0Q',
2538         'info_dict': {
2539             'title': 'Uploads from Cauchemar',
2540             'id': 'UUBABnxM4Ar9ten8Mdjj1j0Q',
2541             'uploader': 'Cauchemar',
2542             'uploader_id': 'Cauchemar89',
2543         },
2544         'playlist_mincount': 799,
2545     }, {
2546         'url': 'PLtPgu7CB4gbY9oDN3drwC3cMbJggS7dKl',
2547         'info_dict': {
2548             'title': 'YDL_safe_search',
2549             'id': 'PLtPgu7CB4gbY9oDN3drwC3cMbJggS7dKl',
2550         },
2551         'playlist_count': 2,
2552         'skip': 'This playlist is private',
2553     }, {
2554         'note': 'embedded',
2555         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/embed/videoseries?list=PL6IaIsEjSbf96XFRuNccS_RuEXwNdsoEu',
2556         'playlist_count': 4,
2557         'info_dict': {
2558             'title': 'JODA15',
2559             'id': 'PL6IaIsEjSbf96XFRuNccS_RuEXwNdsoEu',
2560             'uploader': 'milan',
2561             'uploader_id': 'UCEI1-PVPcYXjB73Hfelbmaw',
2562         }
2563     }, {
2564         'url': 'http://www.youtube.com/embed/_xDOZElKyNU?list=PLsyOSbh5bs16vubvKePAQ1x3PhKavfBIl',
2565         'playlist_mincount': 485,
2566         'info_dict': {
2567             'title': '2018 Chinese New Singles (11/6 updated)',
2568             'id': 'PLsyOSbh5bs16vubvKePAQ1x3PhKavfBIl',
2569             'uploader': 'LBK',
2570             'uploader_id': 'sdragonfang',
2571         }
2572     }, {
2573         'note': 'Embedded SWF player',
2574         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/p/YN5VISEtHet5D4NEvfTd0zcgFk84NqFZ?hl=en_US&fs=1&rel=0',
2575         'playlist_count': 4,
2576         'info_dict': {
2577             'title': 'JODA7',
2578             'id': 'YN5VISEtHet5D4NEvfTd0zcgFk84NqFZ',
2579         },
2580         'skip': 'This playlist does not exist',
2581     }, {
2582         'note': 'Buggy playlist: the webpage has a "Load more" button but it doesn\'t have more videos',
2583         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUXw-G3eDE9trcvY2sBMM_aA',
2584         'info_dict': {
2585             'title': 'Uploads from Interstellar Movie',
2586             'id': 'UUXw-G3eDE9trcvY2sBMM_aA',
2587             'uploader': 'Interstellar Movie',
2588             'uploader_id': 'InterstellarMovie1',
2589         },
2590         'playlist_mincount': 21,
2591     }, {
2592         # Playlist URL that does not actually serve a playlist
2593         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqZTN594JQw&list=PLMYEtVRpaqY00V9W81Cwmzp6N6vZqfUKD4',
2594         'info_dict': {
2595             'id': 'FqZTN594JQw',
2596             'ext': 'webm',
2597             'title': "Smiley's People 01 detective, Adventure Series, Action",
2598             'uploader': 'STREEM',
2599             'uploader_id': 'UCyPhqAZgwYWZfxElWVbVJng',
2600             'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCyPhqAZgwYWZfxElWVbVJng',
2601             'upload_date': '20150526',
2602             'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
2603             'description': 'md5:507cdcb5a49ac0da37a920ece610be80',
2604             'categories': ['People & Blogs'],
2605             'tags': list,
2606             'view_count': int,
2607             'like_count': int,
2608             'dislike_count': int,
2609         },
2610         'params': {
2611             'skip_download': True,
2612         },
2613         'skip': 'This video is not available.',
2614         'add_ie': [YoutubeIE.ie_key()],
2615     }, {
2616         'url': 'https://youtu.be/yeWKywCrFtk?list=PL2qgrgXsNUG5ig9cat4ohreBjYLAPC0J5',
2617         'info_dict': {
2618             'id': 'yeWKywCrFtk',
2619             'ext': 'mp4',
2620             'title': 'Small Scale Baler and Braiding Rugs',
2621             'uploader': 'Backus-Page House Museum',
2622             'uploader_id': 'backuspagemuseum',
2623             'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/backuspagemuseum',
2624             'upload_date': '20161008',
2625             'description': 'md5:800c0c78d5eb128500bffd4f0b4f2e8a',
2626             'categories': ['Nonprofits & Activism'],
2627             'tags': list,
2628             'like_count': int,
2629             'dislike_count': int,
2630         },
2631         'params': {
2632             'noplaylist': True,
2633             'skip_download': True,
2634         },
2635     }, {
2636         # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/21844
2637         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzH6n4zXuckpfMu_4Ff8E7Z1behQks5ba',
2638         'info_dict': {
2639             'title': 'Data Analysis with Dr Mike Pound',
2640             'id': 'PLzH6n4zXuckpfMu_4Ff8E7Z1behQks5ba',
2641             'uploader_id': 'Computerphile',
2642             'uploader': 'Computerphile',
2643         },
2644         'playlist_mincount': 11,
2645     }, {
2646         'url': 'https://youtu.be/uWyaPkt-VOI?list=PL9D9FC436B881BA21',
2647         'only_matching': True,
2648     }, {
2649         'url': 'TLGGrESM50VT6acwMjAyMjAxNw',
2650         'only_matching': True,
2651     }, {
2652         # music album playlist
2653         'url': 'OLAK5uy_m4xAFdmMC5rX3Ji3g93pQe3hqLZw_9LhM',
2654         'only_matching': True,
2655     }, {
2656         'url': 'https://invidio.us/playlist?list=PLDIoUOhQQPlXr63I_vwF9GD8sAKh77dWU',
2657         'only_matching': True,
2658     }, {
2659         'url': 'https://www.youtubekids.com/watch?v=Agk7R8I8o5U&list=PUZ6jURNr1WQZCNHF0ao-c0g',
2660         'only_matching': True,
2661     }]
2662
2663     def _real_initialize(self):
2664         self._login()
2665
2666     def extract_videos_from_page(self, page):
2667         ids_in_page = []
2668         titles_in_page = []
2669
2670         for item in re.findall(
2671                 r'(<[^>]*\bdata-video-id\s*=\s*["\'][0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}[^>]+>)', page):
2672             attrs = extract_attributes(item)
2673             video_id = attrs['data-video-id']
2674             video_title = unescapeHTML(attrs.get('data-title'))
2675             if video_title:
2676                 video_title = video_title.strip()
2677             ids_in_page.append(video_id)
2678             titles_in_page.append(video_title)
2679
2680         # Fallback with old _VIDEO_RE
2681         self.extract_videos_from_page_impl(
2682             self._VIDEO_RE, page, ids_in_page, titles_in_page)
2683
2684         # Relaxed fallbacks
2685         self.extract_videos_from_page_impl(
2686             r'href="\s*/watch\?v\s*=\s*(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})', page,
2687             ids_in_page, titles_in_page)
2688         self.extract_videos_from_page_impl(
2689             r'data-video-ids\s*=\s*["\'](?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})', page,
2690             ids_in_page, titles_in_page)
2691
2692         return zip(ids_in_page, titles_in_page)
2693
2694     def _extract_mix(self, playlist_id):
2695         # The mixes are generated from a single video
2696         # the id of the playlist is just 'RD' + video_id
2697         ids = []
2698         last_id = playlist_id[-11:]
2699         for n in itertools.count(1):
2700             url = 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=%s&list=%s' % (last_id, playlist_id)
2701             webpage = self._download_webpage(
2702                 url, playlist_id, 'Downloading page {0} of Youtube mix'.format(n))
2703             new_ids = orderedSet(re.findall(
2704                 r'''(?xs)data-video-username=".*?".*?
2705                            href="/watch\?v=([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})&amp;[^"]*?list=%s''' % re.escape(playlist_id),
2706                 webpage))
2707             # Fetch new pages until all the videos are repeated, it seems that
2708             # there are always 51 unique videos.
2709             new_ids = [_id for _id in new_ids if _id not in ids]
2710             if not new_ids:
2711                 break
2712             ids.extend(new_ids)
2713             last_id = ids[-1]
2714
2715         url_results = self._ids_to_results(ids)
2716
2717         search_title = lambda class_name: get_element_by_attribute('class', class_name, webpage)
2718         title_span = (
2719             search_title('playlist-title')
2720             or search_title('title long-title')
2721             or search_title('title'))
2722         title = clean_html(title_span)
2723
2724         return self.playlist_result(url_results, playlist_id, title)
2725
2726     def _extract_playlist(self, playlist_id):
2727         url = self._TEMPLATE_URL % playlist_id
2728         page = self._download_webpage(url, playlist_id)
2729
2730         # the yt-alert-message now has tabindex attribute (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/11604)
2731         for match in re.findall(r'<div class="yt-alert-message"[^>]*>([^<]+)</div>', page):
2732             match = match.strip()
2733             # Check if the playlist exists or is private
2734             mobj = re.match(r'[^<]*(?:The|This) playlist (?P<reason>does not exist|is private)[^<]*', match)
2735             if mobj:
2736                 reason = mobj.group('reason')
2737                 message = 'This playlist %s' % reason
2738                 if 'private' in reason:
2739                     message += ', use --username or --netrc to access it'
2740                 message += '.'
2741                 raise ExtractorError(message, expected=True)
2742             elif re.match(r'[^<]*Invalid parameters[^<]*', match):
2743                 raise ExtractorError(
2744                     'Invalid parameters. Maybe URL is incorrect.',
2745                     expected=True)
2746             elif re.match(r'[^<]*Choose your language[^<]*', match):
2747                 continue
2748             else:
2749                 self.report_warning('Youtube gives an alert message: ' + match)
2750
2751         playlist_title = self._html_search_regex(
2752             r'(?s)<h1 class="pl-header-title[^"]*"[^>]*>\s*(.*?)\s*</h1>',
2753             page, 'title', default=None)
2754
2755         _UPLOADER_BASE = r'class=["\']pl-header-details[^>]+>\s*<li>\s*<a[^>]+\bhref='
2756         uploader = self._html_search_regex(
2757             r'%s["\']/(?:user|channel)/[^>]+>([^<]+)' % _UPLOADER_BASE,
2758             page, 'uploader', default=None)
2759         mobj = re.search(
2760             r'%s(["\'])(?P<path>/(?:user|channel)/(?P<uploader_id>.+?))\1' % _UPLOADER_BASE,
2761             page)
2762         if mobj:
2763             uploader_id = mobj.group('uploader_id')
2764             uploader_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin(url, mobj.group('path'))
2765         else:
2766             uploader_id = uploader_url = None
2767
2768         has_videos = True
2769
2770         if not playlist_title:
2771             try:
2772                 # Some playlist URLs don't actually serve a playlist (e.g.
2773                 # https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqZTN594JQw&list=PLMYEtVRpaqY00V9W81Cwmzp6N6vZqfUKD4)
2774                 next(self._entries(page, playlist_id))
2775             except StopIteration:
2776                 has_videos = False
2777
2778         playlist = self.playlist_result(
2779             self._entries(page, playlist_id), playlist_id, playlist_title)
2780         playlist.update({
2781             'uploader': uploader,
2782             'uploader_id': uploader_id,
2783             'uploader_url': uploader_url,
2784         })
2785
2786         return has_videos, playlist
2787
2788     def _check_download_just_video(self, url, playlist_id):
2789         # Check if it's a video-specific URL
2790         query_dict = compat_urlparse.parse_qs(compat_urlparse.urlparse(url).query)
2791         video_id = query_dict.get('v', [None])[0] or self._search_regex(
2792             r'(?:(?:^|//)youtu\.be/|youtube\.com/embed/(?!videoseries))([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})', url,
2793             'video id', default=None)
2794         if video_id:
2795             if self._downloader.params.get('noplaylist'):
2796                 self.to_screen('Downloading just video %s because of --no-playlist' % video_id)
2797                 return video_id, self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id)
2798             else:
2799                 self.to_screen('Downloading playlist %s - add --no-playlist to just download video %s' % (playlist_id, video_id))
2800                 return video_id, None
2801         return None, None
2802
2803     def _real_extract(self, url):
2804         # Extract playlist id
2805         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
2806         if mobj is None:
2807             raise ExtractorError('Invalid URL: %s' % url)
2808         playlist_id = mobj.group(1) or mobj.group(2)
2809
2810         video_id, video = self._check_download_just_video(url, playlist_id)
2811         if video:
2812             return video
2813
2814         if playlist_id.startswith(('RD', 'UL', 'PU')):
2815             # Mixes require a custom extraction process
2816             return self._extract_mix(playlist_id)
2817
2818         has_videos, playlist = self._extract_playlist(playlist_id)
2819         if has_videos or not video_id:
2820             return playlist
2821
2822         # Some playlist URLs don't actually serve a playlist (see
2823         # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/10537).
2824         # Fallback to plain video extraction if there is a video id
2825         # along with playlist id.
2826         return self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id)
2827
2828
2829 class YoutubeChannelIE(YoutubePlaylistBaseInfoExtractor):
2830     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com channels'
2831     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:youtu\.be|(?:\w+\.)?youtube(?:-nocookie|kids)?\.com|(?:www\.)?invidio\.us)/channel/(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]+)'
2832     _TEMPLATE_URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/%s/videos'
2833     _VIDEO_RE = r'(?:title="(?P<title>[^"]+)"[^>]+)?href="/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]+)&?'
2834     IE_NAME = 'youtube:channel'
2835     _TESTS = [{
2836         'note': 'paginated channel',
2837         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
2838         'playlist_mincount': 91,
2839         'info_dict': {
2840             'id': 'UUKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
2841             'title': 'Uploads from lex will',
2842             'uploader': 'lex will',
2843             'uploader_id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
2844         }
2845     }, {
2846         'note': 'Age restricted channel',
2847         # from https://www.youtube.com/user/DeusExOfficial
2848         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCs0ifCMCm1icqRbqhUINa0w',
2849         'playlist_mincount': 64,
2850         'info_dict': {
2851             'id': 'UUs0ifCMCm1icqRbqhUINa0w',
2852             'title': 'Uploads from Deus Ex',
2853             'uploader': 'Deus Ex',
2854             'uploader_id': 'DeusExOfficial',
2855         },
2856     }, {
2857         'url': 'https://invidio.us/channel/UC23qupoDRn9YOAVzeoxjOQA',
2858         'only_matching': True,
2859     }, {
2860         'url': 'https://www.youtubekids.com/channel/UCyu8StPfZWapR6rfW_JgqcA',
2861         'only_matching': True,
2862     }]
2863
2864     @classmethod
2865     def suitable(cls, url):
2866         return (False if YoutubePlaylistsIE.suitable(url) or YoutubeLiveIE.suitable(url)
2867                 else super(YoutubeChannelIE, cls).suitable(url))
2868
2869     def _build_template_url(self, url, channel_id):
2870         return self._TEMPLATE_URL % channel_id
2871
2872     def _real_extract(self, url):
2873         channel_id = self._match_id(url)
2874
2875         url = self._build_template_url(url, channel_id)
2876
2877         # Channel by page listing is restricted to 35 pages of 30 items, i.e. 1050 videos total (see #5778)
2878         # Workaround by extracting as a playlist if managed to obtain channel playlist URL
2879         # otherwise fallback on channel by page extraction
2880         channel_page = self._download_webpage(
2881             url + '?view=57', channel_id,
2882             'Downloading channel page', fatal=False)
2883         if channel_page is False:
2884             channel_playlist_id = False
2885         else:
2886             channel_playlist_id = self._html_search_meta(
2887                 'channelId', channel_page, 'channel id', default=None)
2888             if not channel_playlist_id:
2889                 channel_url = self._html_search_meta(
2890                     ('al:ios:url', 'twitter:app:url:iphone', 'twitter:app:url:ipad'),
2891                     channel_page, 'channel url', default=None)
2892                 if channel_url:
2893                     channel_playlist_id = self._search_regex(
2894                         r'vnd\.youtube://user/([0-9A-Za-z_-]+)',
2895                         channel_url, 'channel id', default=None)
2896         if channel_playlist_id and channel_playlist_id.startswith('UC'):
2897             playlist_id = 'UU' + channel_playlist_id[2:]
2898             return self.url_result(
2899                 compat_urlparse.urljoin(url, '/playlist?list=%s' % playlist_id), 'YoutubePlaylist')
2900
2901         channel_page = self._download_webpage(url, channel_id, 'Downloading page #1')
2902         autogenerated = re.search(r'''(?x)
2903                 class="[^"]*?(?:
2904                     channel-header-autogenerated-label|
2905                     yt-channel-title-autogenerated
2906                 )[^"]*"''', channel_page) is not None
2907
2908         if autogenerated:
2909             # The videos are contained in a single page
2910             # the ajax pages can't be used, they are empty
2911             entries = [
2912                 self.url_result(
2913                     video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id,
2914                     video_title=video_title)
2915                 for video_id, video_title in self.extract_videos_from_page(channel_page)]
2916             return self.playlist_result(entries, channel_id)
2917
2918         try:
2919             next(self._entries(channel_page, channel_id))
2920         except StopIteration:
2921             alert_message = self._html_search_regex(
2922                 r'(?s)<div[^>]+class=(["\']).*?\byt-alert-message\b.*?\1[^>]*>(?P<alert>[^<]+)</div>',
2923                 channel_page, 'alert', default=None, group='alert')
2924             if alert_message:
2925                 raise ExtractorError('Youtube said: %s' % alert_message, expected=True)
2926
2927         return self.playlist_result(self._entries(channel_page, channel_id), channel_id)
2928
2929
2930 class YoutubeUserIE(YoutubeChannelIE):
2931     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com user videos (URL or "ytuser" keyword)'
2932     _VALID_URL = r'(?:(?:https?://(?:\w+\.)?youtube\.com/(?:(?P<user>user|c)/)?(?!(?:attribution_link|watch|results|shared)(?:$|[^a-z_A-Z0-9-])))|ytuser:)(?!feed/)(?P<id>[A-Za-z0-9_-]+)'
2933     _TEMPLATE_URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/%s/%s/videos'
2934     IE_NAME = 'youtube:user'
2935
2936     _TESTS = [{
2937         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/TheLinuxFoundation',
2938         'playlist_mincount': 320,
2939         'info_dict': {
2940             'id': 'UUfX55Sx5hEFjoC3cNs6mCUQ',
2941             'title': 'Uploads from The Linux Foundation',
2942             'uploader': 'The Linux Foundation',
2943             'uploader_id': 'TheLinuxFoundation',
2944         }
2945     }, {
2946         # Only available via https://www.youtube.com/c/12minuteathlete/videos
2947         # but not https://www.youtube.com/user/12minuteathlete/videos
2948         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/12minuteathlete/videos',
2949         'playlist_mincount': 249,
2950         'info_dict': {
2951             'id': 'UUVjM-zV6_opMDx7WYxnjZiQ',
2952             'title': 'Uploads from 12 Minute Athlete',
2953             'uploader': '12 Minute Athlete',
2954             'uploader_id': 'the12minuteathlete',
2955         }
2956     }, {
2957         'url': 'ytuser:phihag',
2958         'only_matching': True,
2959     }, {
2960         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/gametrailers',
2961         'only_matching': True,
2962     }, {
2963         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/gametrailers',
2964         'only_matching': True,
2965     }, {
2966         # This channel is not available, geo restricted to JP
2967         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/kananishinoSMEJ/videos',
2968         'only_matching': True,
2969     }]
2970
2971     @classmethod
2972     def suitable(cls, url):
2973         # Don't return True if the url can be extracted with other youtube
2974         # extractor, the regex would is too permissive and it would match.
2975         other_yt_ies = iter(klass for (name, klass) in globals().items() if name.startswith('Youtube') and name.endswith('IE') and klass is not cls)
2976         if any(ie.suitable(url) for ie in other_yt_ies):
2977             return False
2978         else:
2979             return super(YoutubeUserIE, cls).suitable(url)
2980
2981     def _build_template_url(self, url, channel_id):
2982         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
2983         return self._TEMPLATE_URL % (mobj.group('user') or 'user', mobj.group('id'))
2984
2985
2986 class YoutubeLiveIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
2987     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com live streams'
2988     _VALID_URL = r'(?P<base_url>https?://(?:\w+\.)?youtube\.com/(?:(?:user|channel|c)/)?(?P<id>[^/]+))/live'
2989     IE_NAME = 'youtube:live'
2990
2991     _TESTS = [{
2992         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/TheYoungTurks/live',
2993         'info_dict': {
2994             'id': 'a48o2S1cPoo',
2995             'ext': 'mp4',
2996             'title': 'The Young Turks - Live Main Show',
2997             'uploader': 'The Young Turks',
2998             'uploader_id': 'TheYoungTurks',
2999             'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/TheYoungTurks',
3000             'upload_date': '20150715',
3001             'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
3002             'description': 'md5:438179573adcdff3c97ebb1ee632b891',
3003             'categories': ['News & Politics'],
3004             'tags': ['Cenk Uygur (TV Program Creator)', 'The Young Turks (Award-Winning Work)', 'Talk Show (TV Genre)'],
3005             'like_count': int,
3006             'dislike_count': int,
3007         },
3008         'params': {
3009             'skip_download': True,
3010         },
3011     }, {
3012         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1yBKRuGpC1tSM73A0ZjYjQ/live',
3013         'only_matching': True,
3014     }, {
3015         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/CommanderVideoHq/live',
3016         'only_matching': True,
3017     }, {
3018         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/TheYoungTurks/live',
3019         'only_matching': True,
3020     }]
3021
3022     def _real_extract(self, url):
3023         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
3024         channel_id = mobj.group('id')
3025         base_url = mobj.group('base_url')
3026         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, channel_id, fatal=False)
3027         if webpage:
3028             page_type = self._og_search_property(
3029                 'type', webpage, 'page type', default='')
3030             video_id = self._html_search_meta(
3031                 'videoId', webpage, 'video id', default=None)
3032             if page_type.startswith('video') and video_id and re.match(
3033                     r'^[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}$', video_id):
3034                 return self.url_result(video_id, YoutubeIE.ie_key())
3035         return self.url_result(base_url)
3036
3037
3038 class YoutubePlaylistsIE(YoutubePlaylistsBaseInfoExtractor):
3039     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com user/channel playlists'
3040     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:\w+\.)?youtube\.com/(?:user|channel)/(?P<id>[^/]+)/playlists'
3041     IE_NAME = 'youtube:playlists'
3042
3043     _TESTS = [{
3044         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/ThirstForScience/playlists',
3045         'playlist_mincount': 4,
3046         'info_dict': {
3047             'id': 'ThirstForScience',
3048             'title': 'ThirstForScience',
3049         },
3050     }, {
3051         # with "Load more" button
3052         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/igorkle1/playlists?view=1&sort=dd',
3053         'playlist_mincount': 70,
3054         'info_dict': {
3055             'id': 'igorkle1',
3056             'title': 'Игорь Клейнер',
3057         },
3058     }, {
3059         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCiU1dHvZObB2iP6xkJ__Icw/playlists',
3060         'playlist_mincount': 17,
3061         'info_dict': {
3062             'id': 'UCiU1dHvZObB2iP6xkJ__Icw',
3063             'title': 'Chem Player',
3064         },
3065         'skip': 'Blocked',
3066     }]
3067
3068
3069 class YoutubeSearchBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubePlaylistBaseInfoExtractor):
3070     _VIDEO_RE = r'href="\s*/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})(?:[^"]*"[^>]+\btitle="(?P<title>[^"]+))?'
3071
3072
3073 class YoutubeSearchIE(SearchInfoExtractor, YoutubeSearchBaseInfoExtractor):
3074     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com searches'
3075     # there doesn't appear to be a real limit, for example if you search for
3076     # 'python' you get more than 8.000.000 results
3077     _MAX_RESULTS = float('inf')
3078     IE_NAME = 'youtube:search'
3079     _SEARCH_KEY = 'ytsearch'
3080     _EXTRA_QUERY_ARGS = {}
3081     _TESTS = []
3082
3083     def _get_n_results(self, query, n):
3084         """Get a specified number of results for a query"""
3085
3086         videos = []
3087         limit = n
3088
3089         url_query = {
3090             'search_query': query.encode('utf-8'),
3091         }
3092         url_query.update(self._EXTRA_QUERY_ARGS)
3093         result_url = 'https://www.youtube.com/results?' + compat_urllib_parse_urlencode(url_query)
3094
3095         for pagenum in itertools.count(1):
3096             data = self._download_json(
3097                 result_url, video_id='query "%s"' % query,
3098                 note='Downloading page %s' % pagenum,
3099                 errnote='Unable to download API page',
3100                 query={'spf': 'navigate'})
3101             html_content = data[1]['body']['content']
3102
3103             if 'class="search-message' in html_content:
3104                 raise ExtractorError(
3105                     '[youtube] No video results', expected=True)
3106
3107             new_videos = list(self._process_page(html_content))
3108             videos += new_videos
3109             if not new_videos or len(videos) > limit:
3110                 break
3111             next_link = self._html_search_regex(
3112                 r'href="(/results\?[^"]*\bsp=[^"]+)"[^>]*>\s*<span[^>]+class="[^"]*\byt-uix-button-content\b[^"]*"[^>]*>Next',
3113                 html_content, 'next link', default=None)
3114             if next_link is None:
3115                 break
3116             result_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin('https://www.youtube.com/', next_link)
3117
3118         if len(videos) > n:
3119             videos = videos[:n]
3120         return self.playlist_result(videos, query)
3121
3122
3123 class YoutubeSearchDateIE(YoutubeSearchIE):
3124     IE_NAME = YoutubeSearchIE.IE_NAME + ':date'
3125     _SEARCH_KEY = 'ytsearchdate'
3126     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com searches, newest videos first'
3127     _EXTRA_QUERY_ARGS = {'search_sort': 'video_date_uploaded'}
3128
3129
3130 class YoutubeSearchURLIE(YoutubeSearchBaseInfoExtractor):
3131     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com search URLs'
3132     IE_NAME = 'youtube:search_url'
3133     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/results\?(.*?&)?(?:search_query|q)=(?P<query>[^&]+)(?:[&]|$)'
3134     _TESTS = [{
3135         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/results?baz=bar&search_query=youtube-dl+test+video&filters=video&lclk=video',
3136         'playlist_mincount': 5,
3137         'info_dict': {
3138             'title': 'youtube-dl test video',
3139         }
3140     }, {
3141         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/results?q=test&sp=EgQIBBgB',
3142         'only_matching': True,
3143     }]
3144
3145     def _real_extract(self, url):
3146         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
3147         query = compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(mobj.group('query'))
3148         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, query)
3149         return self.playlist_result(self._process_page(webpage), playlist_title=query)
3150
3151
3152 class YoutubeShowIE(YoutubePlaylistsBaseInfoExtractor):
3153     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com (multi-season) shows'
3154     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/show/(?P<id>[^?#]*)'
3155     IE_NAME = 'youtube:show'
3156     _TESTS = [{
3157         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/show/airdisasters',
3158         'playlist_mincount': 5,
3159         'info_dict': {
3160             'id': 'airdisasters',
3161             'title': 'Air Disasters',
3162         }
3163     }]
3164
3165     def _real_extract(self, url):
3166         playlist_id = self._match_id(url)
3167         return super(YoutubeShowIE, self)._real_extract(
3168             'https://www.youtube.com/show/%s/playlists' % playlist_id)
3169
3170
3171 class YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
3172     """
3173     Base class for feed extractors
3174     Subclasses must define the _FEED_NAME and _PLAYLIST_TITLE properties.
3175     """
3176     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = True
3177
3178     @property
3179     def IE_NAME(self):
3180         return 'youtube:%s' % self._FEED_NAME
3181
3182     def _real_initialize(self):
3183         self._login()
3184
3185     def _entries(self, page):
3186         # The extraction process is the same as for playlists, but the regex
3187         # for the video ids doesn't contain an index
3188         ids = []
3189         more_widget_html = content_html = page
3190         for page_num in itertools.count(1):
3191             matches = re.findall(r'href="\s*/watch\?v=([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})', content_html)
3192
3193             # 'recommended' feed has infinite 'load more' and each new portion spins
3194             # the same videos in (sometimes) slightly different order, so we'll check
3195             # for unicity and break when portion has no new videos
3196             new_ids = list(filter(lambda video_id: video_id not in ids, orderedSet(matches)))
3197             if not new_ids:
3198                 break
3199
3200             ids.extend(new_ids)
3201
3202             for entry in self._ids_to_results(new_ids):
3203                 yield entry
3204
3205             mobj = re.search(r'data-uix-load-more-href="/?(?P<more>[^"]+)"', more_widget_html)
3206             if not mobj:
3207                 break
3208
3209             more = self._download_json(
3210                 'https://youtube.com/%s' % mobj.group('more'), self._PLAYLIST_TITLE,
3211                 'Downloading page #%s' % page_num,
3212                 transform_source=uppercase_escape)
3213             content_html = more['content_html']
3214             more_widget_html = more['load_more_widget_html']
3215
3216     def _real_extract(self, url):
3217         page = self._download_webpage(
3218             'https://www.youtube.com/feed/%s' % self._FEED_NAME,
3219             self._PLAYLIST_TITLE)
3220         return self.playlist_result(
3221             self._entries(page), playlist_title=self._PLAYLIST_TITLE)
3222
3223
3224 class YoutubeWatchLaterIE(YoutubePlaylistIE):
3225     IE_NAME = 'youtube:watchlater'
3226     IE_DESC = 'Youtube watch later list, ":ytwatchlater" for short (requires authentication)'
3227     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/(?:feed/watch_later|(?:playlist|watch)\?(?:.+&)?list=WL)|:ytwatchlater'
3228
3229     _TESTS = [{
3230         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=WL',
3231         'only_matching': True,
3232     }, {
3233         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bCNU9TrbiRk&index=1&list=WL',
3234         'only_matching': True,
3235     }]
3236
3237     def _real_extract(self, url):
3238         _, video = self._check_download_just_video(url, 'WL')
3239         if video:
3240             return video
3241         _, playlist = self._extract_playlist('WL')
3242         return playlist
3243
3244
3245 class YoutubeFavouritesIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
3246     IE_NAME = 'youtube:favorites'
3247     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com favourite videos, ":ytfav" for short (requires authentication)'
3248     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/my_favorites|:ytfav(?:ou?rites)?'
3249     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = True
3250
3251     def _real_extract(self, url):
3252         webpage = self._download_webpage('https://www.youtube.com/my_favorites', 'Youtube Favourites videos')
3253         playlist_id = self._search_regex(r'list=(.+?)["&]', webpage, 'favourites playlist id')
3254         return self.url_result(playlist_id, 'YoutubePlaylist')
3255
3256
3257 class YoutubeRecommendedIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
3258     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com recommended videos, ":ytrec" for short (requires authentication)'
3259     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/feed/recommended|:ytrec(?:ommended)?'
3260     _FEED_NAME = 'recommended'
3261     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = 'Youtube Recommended videos'
3262
3263
3264 class YoutubeSubscriptionsIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
3265     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com subscriptions feed, "ytsubs" keyword (requires authentication)'
3266     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/feed/subscriptions|:ytsubs(?:criptions)?'
3267     _FEED_NAME = 'subscriptions'
3268     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = 'Youtube Subscriptions'
3269
3270
3271 class YoutubeHistoryIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
3272     IE_DESC = 'Youtube watch history, ":ythistory" for short (requires authentication)'
3273     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/feed/history|:ythistory'
3274     _FEED_NAME = 'history'
3275     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = 'Youtube History'
3276
3277
3278 class YoutubeTruncatedURLIE(InfoExtractor):
3279     IE_NAME = 'youtube:truncated_url'
3280     IE_DESC = False  # Do not list
3281     _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
3282         (?:https?://)?
3283         (?:\w+\.)?[yY][oO][uU][tT][uU][bB][eE](?:-nocookie)?\.com/
3284         (?:watch\?(?:
3285             feature=[a-z_]+|
3286             annotation_id=annotation_[^&]+|
3287             x-yt-cl=[0-9]+|
3288             hl=[^&]*|
3289             t=[0-9]+
3290         )?
3291         |
3292             attribution_link\?a=[^&]+
3293         )
3294         $
3295     '''
3296
3297     _TESTS = [{
3298         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?annotation_id=annotation_3951667041',
3299         'only_matching': True,
3300     }, {
3301         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?',
3302         'only_matching': True,
3303     }, {
3304         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?x-yt-cl=84503534',
3305         'only_matching': True,
3306     }, {
3307         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=foo',
3308         'only_matching': True,
3309     }, {
3310         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?hl=en-GB',
3311         'only_matching': True,
3312     }, {
3313         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=2372',
3314         'only_matching': True,
3315     }]
3316
3317     def _real_extract(self, url):
3318         raise ExtractorError(
3319             'Did you forget to quote the URL? Remember that & is a meta '
3320             'character in most shells, so you want to put the URL in quotes, '
3321             'like  youtube-dl '
3322             '"https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=foo&v=BaW_jenozKc" '
3323             ' or simply  youtube-dl BaW_jenozKc  .',
3324             expected=True)
3325
3326
3327 class YoutubeTruncatedIDIE(InfoExtractor):
3328     IE_NAME = 'youtube:truncated_id'
3329     IE_DESC = False  # Do not list
3330     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{1,10})$'
3331
3332     _TESTS = [{
3333         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N_708QY7Ob',
3334         'only_matching': True,
3335     }]
3336
3337     def _real_extract(self, url):
3338         video_id = self._match_id(url)
3339         raise ExtractorError(
3340             'Incomplete YouTube ID %s. URL %s looks truncated.' % (video_id, url),
3341             expected=True)