_ Git - youtube-dl/blob - youtube_dl/extractor/youtube.py

   1 # coding: utf-8
   2
   3 from __future__ import unicode_literals
   4
   5
   6 import itertools
   7 import json
   8 import os.path
   9 import random
  10 import re
  11 import time
  12 import traceback
  13
  14 from .common import InfoExtractor, SearchInfoExtractor
  15 from ..jsinterp import JSInterpreter
  16 from ..swfinterp import SWFInterpreter
  17 from ..compat import (
  18     compat_chr,
  19     compat_HTTPError,
  20     compat_kwargs,
  21     compat_parse_qs,
  22     compat_urllib_parse_unquote,
  23     compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus,
  24     compat_urllib_parse_urlencode,
  25     compat_urllib_parse_urlparse,
  26     compat_urlparse,
  27     compat_str,
  28 )
  29 from ..utils import (
  30     bool_or_none,
  31     clean_html,
  32     dict_get,
  33     error_to_compat_str,
  34     ExtractorError,
  35     float_or_none,
  36     get_element_by_attribute,
  37     get_element_by_id,
  38     int_or_none,
  39     mimetype2ext,
  40     orderedSet,
  41     parse_codecs,
  42     parse_duration,
  43     qualities,
  44     remove_quotes,
  45     remove_start,
  46     smuggle_url,
  47     str_or_none,
  48     str_to_int,
  49     try_get,
  50     unescapeHTML,
  51     unified_strdate,
  52     unsmuggle_url,
  53     uppercase_escape,
  54     url_or_none,
  55     urlencode_postdata,
  56 )
  57
  58
  59 class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
  60     """Provide base functions for Youtube extractors"""
  61     _LOGIN_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin'
  62     _TWOFACTOR_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/signin/challenge'
  63
  64     _LOOKUP_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/sl/lookup'
  65     _CHALLENGE_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/sl/challenge'
  66     _TFA_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/challenge?hl=en&TL={0}'
  67
  68     _NETRC_MACHINE = 'youtube'
  69     # If True it will raise an error if no login info is provided
  70     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = False
  71
  72     _PLAYLIST_ID_RE = r'(?:PL|LL|EC|UU|FL|RD|UL|TL|OLAK5uy_)[0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,}'
  73
  74     def _set_language(self):
  75         self._set_cookie(
  76             '.youtube.com', 'PREF', 'f1=50000000&hl=en',
  77             # YouTube sets the expire time to about two months
  78             expire_time=time.time() + 2 * 30 * 24 * 3600)
  79
  80     def _ids_to_results(self, ids):
  81         return [
  82             self.url_result(vid_id, 'Youtube', video_id=vid_id)
  83             for vid_id in ids]
  84
  85     def _login(self):
  86         """
  87         Attempt to log in to YouTube.
  88         True is returned if successful or skipped.
  89         False is returned if login failed.
  90
  91         If _LOGIN_REQUIRED is set and no authentication was provided, an error is raised.
  92         """
  93         username, password = self._get_login_info()
  94         # No authentication to be performed
  95         if username is None:
  96             if self._LOGIN_REQUIRED and self._downloader.params.get('cookiefile') is None:
  97                 raise ExtractorError('No login info available, needed for using %s.' % self.IE_NAME, expected=True)
  98             return True
  99
 100         login_page = self._download_webpage(
 101             self._LOGIN_URL, None,
 102             note='Downloading login page',
 103             errnote='unable to fetch login page', fatal=False)
 104         if login_page is False:
 105             return
 106
 107         login_form = self._hidden_inputs(login_page)
 108
 109         def req(url, f_req, note, errnote):
 110             data = login_form.copy()
 111             data.update({
 112                 'pstMsg': 1,
 113                 'checkConnection': 'youtube',
 114                 'checkedDomains': 'youtube',
 115                 'hl': 'en',
 116                 'deviceinfo': '[null,null,null,[],null,"US",null,null,[],"GlifWebSignIn",null,[null,null,[]]]',
 117                 'f.req': json.dumps(f_req),
 118                 'flowName': 'GlifWebSignIn',
 119                 'flowEntry': 'ServiceLogin',
 120                 # TODO: reverse actual botguard identifier generation algo
 121                 'bgRequest': '["identifier",""]',
 122             })
 123             return self._download_json(
 124                 url, None, note=note, errnote=errnote,
 125                 transform_source=lambda s: re.sub(r'^[^[]*', '', s),
 126                 fatal=False,
 127                 data=urlencode_postdata(data), headers={
 128                     'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8',
 129                     'Google-Accounts-XSRF': 1,
 130                 })
 131
 132         def warn(message):
 133             self._downloader.report_warning(message)
 134
 135         lookup_req = [
 136             username,
 137             None, [], None, 'US', None, None, 2, False, True,
 138             [
 139                 None, None,
 140                 [2, 1, None, 1,
 141                  'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?passive=true&continue=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fsignin%3Fnext%3D%252F%26action_handle_signin%3Dtrue%26hl%3Den%26app%3Ddesktop%26feature%3Dsign_in_button&hl=en&service=youtube&uilel=3&requestPath=%2FServiceLogin&Page=PasswordSeparationSignIn',
 142                  None, [], 4],
 143                 1, [None, None, []], None, None, None, True
 144             ],
 145             username,
 146         ]
 147
 148         lookup_results = req(
 149             self._LOOKUP_URL, lookup_req,
 150             'Looking up account info', 'Unable to look up account info')
 151
 152         if lookup_results is False:
 153             return False
 154
 155         user_hash = try_get(lookup_results, lambda x: x[0][2], compat_str)
 156         if not user_hash:
 157             warn('Unable to extract user hash')
 158             return False
 159
 160         challenge_req = [
 161             user_hash,
 162             None, 1, None, [1, None, None, None, [password, None, True]],
 163             [
 164                 None, None, [2, 1, None, 1, 'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?passive=true&continue=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fsignin%3Fnext%3D%252F%26action_handle_signin%3Dtrue%26hl%3Den%26app%3Ddesktop%26feature%3Dsign_in_button&hl=en&service=youtube&uilel=3&requestPath=%2FServiceLogin&Page=PasswordSeparationSignIn', None, [], 4],
 165                 1, [None, None, []], None, None, None, True
 166             ]]
 167
 168         challenge_results = req(
 169             self._CHALLENGE_URL, challenge_req,
 170             'Logging in', 'Unable to log in')
 171
 172         if challenge_results is False:
 173             return
 174
 175         login_res = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[0][5], list)
 176         if login_res:
 177             login_msg = try_get(login_res, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
 178             warn(
 179                 'Unable to login: %s' % 'Invalid password'
 180                 if login_msg == 'INCORRECT_ANSWER_ENTERED' else login_msg)
 181             return False
 182
 183         res = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[0][-1], list)
 184         if not res:
 185             warn('Unable to extract result entry')
 186             return False
 187
 188         login_challenge = try_get(res, lambda x: x[0][0], list)
 189         if login_challenge:
 190             challenge_str = try_get(login_challenge, lambda x: x[2], compat_str)
 191             if challenge_str == 'TWO_STEP_VERIFICATION':
 192                 # SEND_SUCCESS - TFA code has been successfully sent to phone
 193                 # QUOTA_EXCEEDED - reached the limit of TFA codes
 194                 status = try_get(login_challenge, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
 195                 if status == 'QUOTA_EXCEEDED':
 196                     warn('Exceeded the limit of TFA codes, try later')
 197                     return False
 198
 199                 tl = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[1][2], compat_str)
 200                 if not tl:
 201                     warn('Unable to extract TL')
 202                     return False
 203
 204                 tfa_code = self._get_tfa_info('2-step verification code')
 205
 206                 if not tfa_code:
 207                     warn(
 208                         'Two-factor authentication required. Provide it either interactively or with --twofactor <code>'
 209                         '(Note that only TOTP (Google Authenticator App) codes work at this time.)')
 210                     return False
 211
 212                 tfa_code = remove_start(tfa_code, 'G-')
 213
 214                 tfa_req = [
 215                     user_hash, None, 2, None,
 216                     [
 217                         9, None, None, None, None, None, None, None,
 218                         [None, tfa_code, True, 2]
 219                     ]]
 220
 221                 tfa_results = req(
 222                     self._TFA_URL.format(tl), tfa_req,
 223                     'Submitting TFA code', 'Unable to submit TFA code')
 224
 225                 if tfa_results is False:
 226                     return False
 227
 228                 tfa_res = try_get(tfa_results, lambda x: x[0][5], list)
 229                 if tfa_res:
 230                     tfa_msg = try_get(tfa_res, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
 231                     warn(
 232                         'Unable to finish TFA: %s' % 'Invalid TFA code'
 233                         if tfa_msg == 'INCORRECT_ANSWER_ENTERED' else tfa_msg)
 234                     return False
 235
 236                 check_cookie_url = try_get(
 237                     tfa_results, lambda x: x[0][-1][2], compat_str)
 238             else:
 239                 CHALLENGES = {
 240                     'LOGIN_CHALLENGE': "This device isn't recognized. For your security, Google wants to make sure it's really you.",
 241                     'USERNAME_RECOVERY': 'Please provide additional information to aid in the recovery process.',
 242                     'REAUTH': "There is something unusual about your activity. For your security, Google wants to make sure it's really you.",
 243                 }
 244                 challenge = CHALLENGES.get(
 245                     challenge_str,
 246                     '%s returned error %s.' % (self.IE_NAME, challenge_str))
 247                 warn('%s\nGo to https://accounts.google.com/, login and solve a challenge.' % challenge)
 248                 return False
 249         else:
 250             check_cookie_url = try_get(res, lambda x: x[2], compat_str)
 251
 252         if not check_cookie_url:
 253             warn('Unable to extract CheckCookie URL')
 254             return False
 255
 256         check_cookie_results = self._download_webpage(
 257             check_cookie_url, None, 'Checking cookie', fatal=False)
 258
 259         if check_cookie_results is False:
 260             return False
 261
 262         if 'https://myaccount.google.com/' not in check_cookie_results:
 263             warn('Unable to log in')
 264             return False
 265
 266         return True
 267
 268     def _download_webpage_handle(self, *args, **kwargs):
 269         query = kwargs.get('query', {}).copy()
 270         query['disable_polymer'] = 'true'
 271         kwargs['query'] = query
 272         return super(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, self)._download_webpage_handle(
 273             *args, **compat_kwargs(kwargs))
 274
 275     def _real_initialize(self):
 276         if self._downloader is None:
 277             return
 278         self._set_language()
 279         if not self._login():
 280             return
 281
 282
 283 class YoutubeEntryListBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
 284     # Extract entries from page with "Load more" button
 285     def _entries(self, page, playlist_id):
 286         more_widget_html = content_html = page
 287         for page_num in itertools.count(1):
 288             for entry in self._process_page(content_html):
 289                 yield entry
 290
 291             mobj = re.search(r'data-uix-load-more-href="/?(?P<more>[^"]+)"', more_widget_html)
 292             if not mobj:
 293                 break
 294
 295             count = 0
 296             retries = 3
 297             while count <= retries:
 298                 try:
 299                     # Downloading page may result in intermittent 5xx HTTP error
 300                     # that is usually worked around with a retry
 301                     more = self._download_json(
 302                         'https://youtube.com/%s' % mobj.group('more'), playlist_id,
 303                         'Downloading page #%s%s'
 304                         % (page_num, ' (retry #%d)' % count if count else ''),
 305                         transform_source=uppercase_escape)
 306                     break
 307                 except ExtractorError as e:
 308                     if isinstance(e.cause, compat_HTTPError) and e.cause.code in (500, 503):
 309                         count += 1
 310                         if count <= retries:
 311                             continue
 312                     raise
 313
 314             content_html = more['content_html']
 315             if not content_html.strip():
 316                 # Some webpages show a "Load more" button but they don't
 317                 # have more videos
 318                 break
 319             more_widget_html = more['load_more_widget_html']
 320
 321
 322 class YoutubePlaylistBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeEntryListBaseInfoExtractor):
 323     def _process_page(self, content):
 324         for video_id, video_title in self.extract_videos_from_page(content):
 325             yield self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id, video_title)
 326
 327     def extract_videos_from_page(self, page):
 328         ids_in_page = []
 329         titles_in_page = []
 330         for mobj in re.finditer(self._VIDEO_RE, page):
 331             # The link with index 0 is not the first video of the playlist (not sure if still actual)
 332             if 'index' in mobj.groupdict() and mobj.group('id') == '0':
 333                 continue
 334             video_id = mobj.group('id')
 335             video_title = unescapeHTML(mobj.group('title'))
 336             if video_title:
 337                 video_title = video_title.strip()
 338             try:
 339                 idx = ids_in_page.index(video_id)
 340                 if video_title and not titles_in_page[idx]:
 341                     titles_in_page[idx] = video_title
 342             except ValueError:
 343                 ids_in_page.append(video_id)
 344                 titles_in_page.append(video_title)
 345         return zip(ids_in_page, titles_in_page)
 346
 347
 348 class YoutubePlaylistsBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeEntryListBaseInfoExtractor):
 349     def _process_page(self, content):
 350         for playlist_id in orderedSet(re.findall(
 351                 r'<h3[^>]+class="[^"]*yt-lockup-title[^"]*"[^>]*><a[^>]+href="/?playlist\?list=([0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,})"',
 352                 content)):
 353             yield self.url_result(
 354                 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=%s' % playlist_id, 'YoutubePlaylist')
 355
 356     def _real_extract(self, url):
 357         playlist_id = self._match_id(url)
 358         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, playlist_id)
 359         title = self._og_search_title(webpage, fatal=False)
 360         return self.playlist_result(self._entries(webpage, playlist_id), playlist_id, title)
 361
 362
 363 class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
 364     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com'
 365     _VALID_URL = r"""(?x)^
 366                      (
 367                          (?:https?://|//)                                    # http(s):// or protocol-independent URL
 368                          (?:(?:(?:(?:\w+\.)?[yY][oO][uU][tT][uU][bB][eE](?:-nocookie)?\.com/|
 369                             (?:www\.)?deturl\.com/www\.youtube\.com/|
 370                             (?:www\.)?pwnyoutube\.com/|
 371                             (?:www\.)?hooktube\.com/|
 372                             (?:www\.)?yourepeat\.com/|
 373                             tube\.majestyc\.net/|
 374                             # Invidious instances taken from https://github.com/omarroth/invidious/wiki/Invidious-Instances
 375                             (?:(?:www|dev)\.)?invidio\.us/|
 376                             (?:(?:www|no)\.)?invidiou\.sh/|
 377                             (?:(?:www|fi|de)\.)?invidious\.snopyta\.org/|
 378                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.kabi\.tk/|
 379                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.enkirton\.net/|
 380                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.13ad\.de/|
 381                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.mastodon\.host/|
 382                             (?:www\.)?tube\.poal\.co/|
 383                             (?:www\.)?vid\.wxzm\.sx/|
 384                             youtube\.googleapis\.com/)                        # the various hostnames, with wildcard subdomains
 385                          (?:.*?\#/)?                                          # handle anchor (#/) redirect urls
 386                          (?:                                                  # the various things that can precede the ID:
 387                              (?:(?:v|embed|e)/(?!videoseries))                # v/ or embed/ or e/
 388                              |(?:                                             # or the v= param in all its forms
 389                                  (?:(?:watch|movie)(?:_popup)?(?:\.php)?/?)?  # preceding watch(_popup|.php) or nothing (like /?v=xxxx)
 390                                  (?:\?|\#!?)                                  # the params delimiter ? or # or #!
 391                                  (?:.*?[&;])??                                # any other preceding param (like /?s=tuff&v=xxxx or ?s=tuff&amp;v=V36LpHqtcDY)
 392                                  v=
 393                              )
 394                          ))
 395                          |(?:
 396                             youtu\.be|                                        # just youtu.be/xxxx
 397                             vid\.plus|                                        # or vid.plus/xxxx
 398                             zwearz\.com/watch|                                # or zwearz.com/watch/xxxx
 399                          )/
 400                          |(?:www\.)?cleanvideosearch\.com/media/action/yt/watch\?videoId=
 401                          )
 402                      )?                                                       # all until now is optional -> you can pass the naked ID
 403                      ([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})                                      # here is it! the YouTube video ID
 404                      (?!.*?\blist=
 405                         (?:
 406                             %(playlist_id)s|                                  # combined list/video URLs are handled by the playlist IE
 407                             WL                                                # WL are handled by the watch later IE
 408                         )
 409                      )
 410                      (?(1).+)?                                                # if we found the ID, everything can follow
 411                      $""" % {'playlist_id': YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._PLAYLIST_ID_RE}
 412     _NEXT_URL_RE = r'[\?&]next_url=([^&]+)'
 413     _formats = {
 414         '5': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 400, 'height': 240, 'acodec': 'mp3', 'abr': 64, 'vcodec': 'h263'},
 415         '6': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 450, 'height': 270, 'acodec': 'mp3', 'abr': 64, 'vcodec': 'h263'},
 416         '13': {'ext': '3gp', 'acodec': 'aac', 'vcodec': 'mp4v'},
 417         '17': {'ext': '3gp', 'width': 176, 'height': 144, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 24, 'vcodec': 'mp4v'},
 418         '18': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 640, 'height': 360, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 96, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 419         '22': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 1280, 'height': 720, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 420         '34': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 640, 'height': 360, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 421         '35': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 422         # itag 36 videos are either 320x180 (BaW_jenozKc) or 320x240 (__2ABJjxzNo), abr varies as well
 423         '36': {'ext': '3gp', 'width': 320, 'acodec': 'aac', 'vcodec': 'mp4v'},
 424         '37': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 1920, 'height': 1080, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 425         '38': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 4096, 'height': 3072, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 426         '43': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 640, 'height': 360, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 427         '44': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 428         '45': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 1280, 'height': 720, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 429         '46': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 1920, 'height': 1080, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 430         '59': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 431         '78': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 432
 433
 434         # 3D videos
 435         '82': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 436         '83': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 437         '84': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 438         '85': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 439         '100': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'vp8', 'preference': -20},
 440         '101': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8', 'preference': -20},
 441         '102': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8', 'preference': -20},
 442
 443         # Apple HTTP Live Streaming
 444         '91': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 445         '92': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 446         '93': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 447         '94': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 448         '95': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 256, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 449         '96': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 256, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 450         '132': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 451         '151': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 72, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 24, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 452
 453         # DASH mp4 video
 454         '133': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 455         '134': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 456         '135': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 457         '136': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 458         '137': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 459         '138': {'ext': 'mp4', 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},  # Height can vary (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4559)
 460         '160': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 461         '212': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 462         '264': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 463         '298': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264', 'fps': 60},
 464         '299': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264', 'fps': 60},
 465         '266': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 466
 467         # Dash mp4 audio
 468         '139': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 469         '140': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 470         '141': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 256, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 471         '256': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 472         '258': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 473         '325': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'dtse', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 474         '328': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'ec-3', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 475
 476         # Dash webm
 477         '167': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'width': 640, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 478         '168': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 479         '169': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'width': 1280, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 480         '170': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'width': 1920, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 481         '218': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 482         '219': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 483         '278': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 484         '242': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 485         '243': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 486         '244': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 487         '245': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 488         '246': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 489         '247': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 490         '248': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 491         '271': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 492         # itag 272 videos are either 3840x2160 (e.g. RtoitU2A-3E) or 7680x4320 (sLprVF6d7Ug)
 493         '272': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 494         '302': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 495         '303': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 496         '308': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 497         '313': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 498         '315': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 499
 500         # Dash webm audio
 501         '171': {'ext': 'webm', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'abr': 128},
 502         '172': {'ext': 'webm', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'abr': 256},
 503
 504         # Dash webm audio with opus inside
 505         '249': {'ext': 'webm', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 50},
 506         '250': {'ext': 'webm', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 70},
 507         '251': {'ext': 'webm', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 160},
 508
 509         # RTMP (unnamed)
 510         '_rtmp': {'protocol': 'rtmp'},
 511
 512         # av01 video only formats sometimes served with "unknown" codecs
 513         '394': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
 514         '395': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
 515         '396': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
 516         '397': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
 517     }
 518     _SUBTITLE_FORMATS = ('srv1', 'srv2', 'srv3', 'ttml', 'vtt')
 519
 520     _GEO_BYPASS = False
 521
 522     IE_NAME = 'youtube'
 523     _TESTS = [
 524         {
 525             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc&t=1s&end=9',
 526             'info_dict': {
 527                 'id': 'BaW_jenozKc',
 528                 'ext': 'mp4',
 529                 'title': 'youtube-dl test video "\'/\\ä↭𝕐',
 530                 'uploader': 'Philipp Hagemeister',
 531                 'uploader_id': 'phihag',
 532                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/phihag',
 533                 'channel_id': 'UCLqxVugv74EIW3VWh2NOa3Q',
 534                 'channel_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCLqxVugv74EIW3VWh2NOa3Q',
 535                 'upload_date': '20121002',
 536                 'description': 'test chars:  "\'/\\ä↭𝕐\ntest URL: https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/1892\n\nThis is a test video for youtube-dl.\n\nFor more information, contact phihag@phihag.de .',
 537                 'categories': ['Science & Technology'],
 538                 'tags': ['youtube-dl'],
 539                 'duration': 10,
 540                 'view_count': int,
 541                 'like_count': int,
 542                 'dislike_count': int,
 543                 'start_time': 1,
 544                 'end_time': 9,
 545             }
 546         },
 547         {
 548             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UxxajLWwzqY',
 549             'note': 'Test generic use_cipher_signature video (#897)',
 550             'info_dict': {
 551                 'id': 'UxxajLWwzqY',
 552                 'ext': 'mp4',
 553                 'upload_date': '20120506',
 554                 'title': 'Icona Pop - I Love It (feat. Charli XCX) [OFFICIAL VIDEO]',
 555                 'alt_title': 'I Love It (feat. Charli XCX)',
 556                 'description': 'md5:f3ceb5ef83a08d95b9d146f973157cc8',
 557                 'tags': ['Icona Pop i love it', 'sweden', 'pop music', 'big beat records', 'big beat', 'charli',
 558                          'xcx', 'charli xcx', 'girls', 'hbo', 'i love it', "i don't care", 'icona', 'pop',
 559                          'iconic ep', 'iconic', 'love', 'it'],
 560                 'duration': 180,
 561                 'uploader': 'Icona Pop',
 562                 'uploader_id': 'IconaPop',
 563                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/IconaPop',
 564                 'creator': 'Icona Pop',
 565                 'track': 'I Love It (feat. Charli XCX)',
 566                 'artist': 'Icona Pop',
 567             }
 568         },
 569         {
 570             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=07FYdnEawAQ',
 571             'note': 'Test VEVO video with age protection (#956)',
 572             'info_dict': {
 573                 'id': '07FYdnEawAQ',
 574                 'ext': 'mp4',
 575                 'upload_date': '20130703',
 576                 'title': 'Justin Timberlake - Tunnel Vision (Official Music Video) (Explicit)',
 577                 'alt_title': 'Tunnel Vision',
 578                 'description': 'md5:07dab3356cde4199048e4c7cd93471e1',
 579                 'duration': 419,
 580                 'uploader': 'justintimberlakeVEVO',
 581                 'uploader_id': 'justintimberlakeVEVO',
 582                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/justintimberlakeVEVO',
 583                 'creator': 'Justin Timberlake',
 584                 'track': 'Tunnel Vision',
 585                 'artist': 'Justin Timberlake',
 586                 'age_limit': 18,
 587             }
 588         },
 589         {
 590             'url': '//www.YouTube.com/watch?v=yZIXLfi8CZQ',
 591             'note': 'Embed-only video (#1746)',
 592             'info_dict': {
 593                 'id': 'yZIXLfi8CZQ',
 594                 'ext': 'mp4',
 595                 'upload_date': '20120608',
 596                 'title': 'Principal Sexually Assaults A Teacher - Episode 117 - 8th June 2012',
 597                 'description': 'md5:09b78bd971f1e3e289601dfba15ca4f7',
 598                 'uploader': 'SET India',
 599                 'uploader_id': 'setindia',
 600                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/setindia',
 601                 'age_limit': 18,
 602             }
 603         },
 604         {
 605             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc&v=UxxajLWwzqY',
 606             'note': 'Use the first video ID in the URL',
 607             'info_dict': {
 608                 'id': 'BaW_jenozKc',
 609                 'ext': 'mp4',
 610                 'title': 'youtube-dl test video "\'/\\ä↭𝕐',
 611                 'uploader': 'Philipp Hagemeister',
 612                 'uploader_id': 'phihag',
 613                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/phihag',
 614                 'upload_date': '20121002',
 615                 'description': 'test chars:  "\'/\\ä↭𝕐\ntest URL: https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/1892\n\nThis is a test video for youtube-dl.\n\nFor more information, contact phihag@phihag.de .',
 616                 'categories': ['Science & Technology'],
 617                 'tags': ['youtube-dl'],
 618                 'duration': 10,
 619                 'view_count': int,
 620                 'like_count': int,
 621                 'dislike_count': int,
 622             },
 623             'params': {
 624                 'skip_download': True,
 625             },
 626         },
 627         {
 628             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a9LDPn-MO4I',
 629             'note': '256k DASH audio (format 141) via DASH manifest',
 630             'info_dict': {
 631                 'id': 'a9LDPn-MO4I',
 632                 'ext': 'm4a',
 633                 'upload_date': '20121002',
 634                 'uploader_id': '8KVIDEO',
 635                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/8KVIDEO',
 636                 'description': '',
 637                 'uploader': '8KVIDEO',
 638                 'title': 'UHDTV TEST 8K VIDEO.mp4'
 639             },
 640             'params': {
 641                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 642                 'format': '141',
 643             },
 644             'skip': 'format 141 not served anymore',
 645         },
 646         # DASH manifest with encrypted signature
 647         {
 648             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IB3lcPjvWLA',
 649             'info_dict': {
 650                 'id': 'IB3lcPjvWLA',
 651                 'ext': 'm4a',
 652                 'title': 'Afrojack, Spree Wilson - The Spark (Official Music Video) ft. Spree Wilson',
 653                 'description': 'md5:8f5e2b82460520b619ccac1f509d43bf',
 654                 'duration': 244,
 655                 'uploader': 'AfrojackVEVO',
 656                 'uploader_id': 'AfrojackVEVO',
 657                 'upload_date': '20131011',
 658             },
 659             'params': {
 660                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 661                 'format': '141/bestaudio[ext=m4a]',
 662             },
 663         },
 664         # JS player signature function name containing $
 665         {
 666             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nfWlot6h_JM',
 667             'info_dict': {
 668                 'id': 'nfWlot6h_JM',
 669                 'ext': 'm4a',
 670                 'title': 'Taylor Swift - Shake It Off',
 671                 'description': 'md5:bec2185232c05479482cb5a9b82719bf',
 672                 'duration': 242,
 673                 'uploader': 'TaylorSwiftVEVO',
 674                 'uploader_id': 'TaylorSwiftVEVO',
 675                 'upload_date': '20140818',
 676                 'creator': 'Taylor Swift',
 677             },
 678             'params': {
 679                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 680                 'format': '141/bestaudio[ext=m4a]',
 681             },
 682         },
 683         # Controversy video
 684         {
 685             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T4XJQO3qol8',
 686             'info_dict': {
 687                 'id': 'T4XJQO3qol8',
 688                 'ext': 'mp4',
 689                 'duration': 219,
 690                 'upload_date': '20100909',
 691                 'uploader': 'Amazing Atheist',
 692                 'uploader_id': 'TheAmazingAtheist',
 693                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/TheAmazingAtheist',
 694                 'title': 'Burning Everyone\'s Koran',
 695                 'description': 'SUBSCRIBE: http://www.youtube.com/saturninefilms\n\nEven Obama has taken a stand against freedom on this issue: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/09/09/obama-gma-interview-quran_n_710282.html',
 696             }
 697         },
 698         # Normal age-gate video (No vevo, embed allowed)
 699         {
 700             'url': 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=HtVdAasjOgU',
 701             'info_dict': {
 702                 'id': 'HtVdAasjOgU',
 703                 'ext': 'mp4',
 704                 'title': 'The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt - The Sword Of Destiny Trailer',
 705                 'description': r're:(?s).{100,}About the Game\n.*?The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt.{100,}',
 706                 'duration': 142,
 707                 'uploader': 'The Witcher',
 708                 'uploader_id': 'WitcherGame',
 709                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/WitcherGame',
 710                 'upload_date': '20140605',
 711                 'age_limit': 18,
 712             },
 713         },
 714         # Age-gate video with encrypted signature
 715         {
 716             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6kLq3WMV1nU',
 717             'info_dict': {
 718                 'id': '6kLq3WMV1nU',
 719                 'ext': 'mp4',
 720                 'title': 'Dedication To My Ex (Miss That) (Lyric Video)',
 721                 'description': 'md5:33765bb339e1b47e7e72b5490139bb41',
 722                 'duration': 246,
 723                 'uploader': 'LloydVEVO',
 724                 'uploader_id': 'LloydVEVO',
 725                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/LloydVEVO',
 726                 'upload_date': '20110629',
 727                 'age_limit': 18,
 728             },
 729         },
 730         # video_info is None (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4421)
 731         # YouTube Red ad is not captured for creator
 732         {
 733             'url': '__2ABJjxzNo',
 734             'info_dict': {
 735                 'id': '__2ABJjxzNo',
 736                 'ext': 'mp4',
 737                 'duration': 266,
 738                 'upload_date': '20100430',
 739                 'uploader_id': 'deadmau5',
 740                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/deadmau5',
 741                 'creator': 'deadmau5',
 742                 'description': 'md5:12c56784b8032162bb936a5f76d55360',
 743                 'uploader': 'deadmau5',
 744                 'title': 'Deadmau5 - Some Chords (HD)',
 745                 'alt_title': 'Some Chords',
 746             },
 747             'expected_warnings': [
 748                 'DASH manifest missing',
 749             ]
 750         },
 751         # Olympics (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4431)
 752         {
 753             'url': 'lqQg6PlCWgI',
 754             'info_dict': {
 755                 'id': 'lqQg6PlCWgI',
 756                 'ext': 'mp4',
 757                 'duration': 6085,
 758                 'upload_date': '20150827',
 759                 'uploader_id': 'olympic',
 760                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/olympic',
 761                 'description': 'HO09  - Women -  GER-AUS - Hockey - 31 July 2012 - London 2012 Olympic Games',
 762                 'uploader': 'Olympic',
 763                 'title': 'Hockey - Women -  GER-AUS - London 2012 Olympic Games',
 764             },
 765             'params': {
 766                 'skip_download': 'requires avconv',
 767             }
 768         },
 769         # Non-square pixels
 770         {
 771             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_b-2C3KPAM0',
 772             'info_dict': {
 773                 'id': '_b-2C3KPAM0',
 774                 'ext': 'mp4',
 775                 'stretched_ratio': 16 / 9.,
 776                 'duration': 85,
 777                 'upload_date': '20110310',
 778                 'uploader_id': 'AllenMeow',
 779                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/AllenMeow',
 780                 'description': 'made by Wacom from Korea | 字幕&加油添醋 by TY\'s Allen | 感謝heylisa00cavey1001同學熱情提供梗及翻譯',
 781                 'uploader': '孫ᄋᄅ',
 782                 'title': '[A-made] 變態妍字幕版 太妍 我就是這樣的人',
 783             },
 784         },
 785         # url_encoded_fmt_stream_map is empty string
 786         {
 787             'url': 'qEJwOuvDf7I',
 788             'info_dict': {
 789                 'id': 'qEJwOuvDf7I',
 790                 'ext': 'webm',
 791                 'title': 'Обсуждение судебной практики по выборам 14 сентября 2014 года в Санкт-Петербурге',
 792                 'description': '',
 793                 'upload_date': '20150404',
 794                 'uploader_id': 'spbelect',
 795                 'uploader': 'Наблюдатели Петербурга',
 796             },
 797             'params': {
 798                 'skip_download': 'requires avconv',
 799             },
 800             'skip': 'This live event has ended.',
 801         },
 802         # Extraction from multiple DASH manifests (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/6097)
 803         {
 804             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FIl7x6_3R5Y',
 805             'info_dict': {
 806                 'id': 'FIl7x6_3R5Y',
 807                 'ext': 'webm',
 808                 'title': 'md5:7b81415841e02ecd4313668cde88737a',
 809                 'description': 'md5:116377fd2963b81ec4ce64b542173306',
 810                 'duration': 220,
 811                 'upload_date': '20150625',
 812                 'uploader_id': 'dorappi2000',
 813                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/dorappi2000',
 814                 'uploader': 'dorappi2000',
 815                 'formats': 'mincount:31',
 816             },
 817             'skip': 'not actual anymore',
 818         },
 819         # DASH manifest with segment_list
 820         {
 821             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/embed/CsmdDsKjzN8',
 822             'md5': '8ce563a1d667b599d21064e982ab9e31',
 823             'info_dict': {
 824                 'id': 'CsmdDsKjzN8',
 825                 'ext': 'mp4',
 826                 'upload_date': '20150501',  # According to '<meta itemprop="datePublished"', but in other places it's 20150510
 827                 'uploader': 'Airtek',
 828                 'description': 'Retransmisión en directo de la XVIII media maratón de Zaragoza.',
 829                 'uploader_id': 'UCzTzUmjXxxacNnL8I3m4LnQ',
 830                 'title': 'Retransmisión XVIII Media maratón Zaragoza 2015',
 831             },
 832             'params': {
 833                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 834                 'format': '135',  # bestvideo
 835             },
 836             'skip': 'This live event has ended.',
 837         },
 838         {
 839             # Multifeed videos (multiple cameras), URL is for Main Camera
 840             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jqWvoWXjCVs',
 841             'info_dict': {
 842                 'id': 'jqWvoWXjCVs',
 843                 'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream',
 844                 'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 845             },
 846             'playlist': [{
 847                 'info_dict': {
 848                     'id': 'jqWvoWXjCVs',
 849                     'ext': 'mp4',
 850                     'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream (Main Camera)',
 851                     'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 852                     'duration': 7335,
 853                     'upload_date': '20150721',
 854                     'uploader': 'Beer Games Beer',
 855                     'uploader_id': 'beergamesbeer',
 856                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/beergamesbeer',
 857                     'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
 858                 },
 859             }, {
 860                 'info_dict': {
 861                     'id': '6h8e8xoXJzg',
 862                     'ext': 'mp4',
 863                     'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream (kreestuh)',
 864                     'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 865                     'duration': 7337,
 866                     'upload_date': '20150721',
 867                     'uploader': 'Beer Games Beer',
 868                     'uploader_id': 'beergamesbeer',
 869                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/beergamesbeer',
 870                     'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
 871                 },
 872             }, {
 873                 'info_dict': {
 874                     'id': 'PUOgX5z9xZw',
 875                     'ext': 'mp4',
 876                     'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream (grizzle)',
 877                     'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 878                     'duration': 7337,
 879                     'upload_date': '20150721',
 880                     'uploader': 'Beer Games Beer',
 881                     'uploader_id': 'beergamesbeer',
 882                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/beergamesbeer',
 883                     'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
 884                 },
 885             }, {
 886                 'info_dict': {
 887                     'id': 'teuwxikvS5k',
 888                     'ext': 'mp4',
 889                     'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream (zim)',
 890                     'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 891                     'duration': 7334,
 892                     'upload_date': '20150721',
 893                     'uploader': 'Beer Games Beer',
 894                     'uploader_id': 'beergamesbeer',
 895                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/beergamesbeer',
 896                     'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
 897                 },
 898             }],
 899             'params': {
 900                 'skip_download': True,
 901             },
 902             'skip': 'This video is not available.',
 903         },
 904         {
 905             # Multifeed video with comma in title (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8536)
 906             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gVfLd0zydlo',
 907             'info_dict': {
 908                 'id': 'gVfLd0zydlo',
 909                 'title': 'DevConf.cz 2016 Day 2 Workshops 1 14:00 - 15:30',
 910             },
 911             'playlist_count': 2,
 912             'skip': 'Not multifeed anymore',
 913         },
 914         {
 915             'url': 'https://vid.plus/FlRa-iH7PGw',
 916             'only_matching': True,
 917         },
 918         {
 919             'url': 'https://zwearz.com/watch/9lWxNJF-ufM/electra-woman-dyna-girl-official-trailer-grace-helbig.html',
 920             'only_matching': True,
 921         },
 922         {
 923             # Title with JS-like syntax "};" (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7468)
 924             # Also tests cut-off URL expansion in video description (see
 925             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/1892,
 926             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8164)
 927             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lsguqyKfVQg',
 928             'info_dict': {
 929                 'id': 'lsguqyKfVQg',
 930                 'ext': 'mp4',
 931                 'title': '{dark walk}; Loki/AC/Dishonored; collab w/Elflover21',
 932                 'alt_title': 'Dark Walk - Position Music',
 933                 'description': 'md5:8085699c11dc3f597ce0410b0dcbb34a',
 934                 'duration': 133,
 935                 'upload_date': '20151119',
 936                 'uploader_id': 'IronSoulElf',
 937                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/IronSoulElf',
 938                 'uploader': 'IronSoulElf',
 939                 'creator': 'Todd Haberman,  Daniel Law Heath and Aaron Kaplan',
 940                 'track': 'Dark Walk - Position Music',
 941                 'artist': 'Todd Haberman,  Daniel Law Heath and Aaron Kaplan',
 942                 'album': 'Position Music - Production Music Vol. 143 - Dark Walk',
 943             },
 944             'params': {
 945                 'skip_download': True,
 946             },
 947         },
 948         {
 949             # Tags with '};' (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7468)
 950             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ms7iBXnlUO8',
 951             'only_matching': True,
 952         },
 953         {
 954             # Video with yt:stretch=17:0
 955             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q39EVAstoRM',
 956             'info_dict': {
 957                 'id': 'Q39EVAstoRM',
 958                 'ext': 'mp4',
 959                 'title': 'Clash Of Clans#14 Dicas De Ataque Para CV 4',
 960                 'description': 'md5:ee18a25c350637c8faff806845bddee9',
 961                 'upload_date': '20151107',
 962                 'uploader_id': 'UCCr7TALkRbo3EtFzETQF1LA',
 963                 'uploader': 'CH GAMER DROID',
 964             },
 965             'params': {
 966                 'skip_download': True,
 967             },
 968             'skip': 'This video does not exist.',
 969         },
 970         {
 971             # Video licensed under Creative Commons
 972             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M4gD1WSo5mA',
 973             'info_dict': {
 974                 'id': 'M4gD1WSo5mA',
 975                 'ext': 'mp4',
 976                 'title': 'md5:e41008789470fc2533a3252216f1c1d1',
 977                 'description': 'md5:a677553cf0840649b731a3024aeff4cc',
 978                 'duration': 721,
 979                 'upload_date': '20150127',
 980                 'uploader_id': 'BerkmanCenter',
 981                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/BerkmanCenter',
 982                 'uploader': 'The Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society',
 983                 'license': 'Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed)',
 984             },
 985             'params': {
 986                 'skip_download': True,
 987             },
 988         },
 989         {
 990             # Channel-like uploader_url
 991             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eQcmzGIKrzg',
 992             'info_dict': {
 993                 'id': 'eQcmzGIKrzg',
 994                 'ext': 'mp4',
 995                 'title': 'Democratic Socialism and Foreign Policy | Bernie Sanders',
 996                 'description': 'md5:dda0d780d5a6e120758d1711d062a867',
 997                 'duration': 4060,
 998                 'upload_date': '20151119',
 999                 'uploader': 'Bernie Sanders',
1000                 'uploader_id': 'UCH1dpzjCEiGAt8CXkryhkZg',
1001                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCH1dpzjCEiGAt8CXkryhkZg',
1002                 'license': 'Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed)',
1003             },
1004             'params': {
1005                 'skip_download': True,
1006             },
1007         },
1008         {
1009             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;amp;v=V36LpHqtcDY',
1010             'only_matching': True,
1011         },
1012         {
1013             # YouTube Red paid video (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/10059)
1014             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i1Ko8UG-Tdo',
1015             'only_matching': True,
1016         },
1017         {
1018             # Rental video preview
1019             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yYr8q0y5Jfg',
1020             'info_dict': {
1021                 'id': 'uGpuVWrhIzE',
1022                 'ext': 'mp4',
1023                 'title': 'Piku - Trailer',
1024                 'description': 'md5:c36bd60c3fd6f1954086c083c72092eb',
1025                 'upload_date': '20150811',
1026                 'uploader': 'FlixMatrix',
1027                 'uploader_id': 'FlixMatrixKaravan',
1028                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/FlixMatrixKaravan',
1029                 'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
1030             },
1031             'params': {
1032                 'skip_download': True,
1033             },
1034             'skip': 'This video is not available.',
1035         },
1036         {
1037             # YouTube Red video with episode data
1038             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iqKdEhx-dD4',
1039             'info_dict': {
1040                 'id': 'iqKdEhx-dD4',
1041                 'ext': 'mp4',
1042                 'title': 'Isolation - Mind Field (Ep 1)',
1043                 'description': 'md5:46a29be4ceffa65b92d277b93f463c0f',
1044                 'duration': 2085,
1045                 'upload_date': '20170118',
1046                 'uploader': 'Vsauce',
1047                 'uploader_id': 'Vsauce',
1048                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/Vsauce',
1049                 'series': 'Mind Field',
1050                 'season_number': 1,
1051                 'episode_number': 1,
1052             },
1053             'params': {
1054                 'skip_download': True,
1055             },
1056             'expected_warnings': [
1057                 'Skipping DASH manifest',
1058             ],
1059         },
1060         {
1061             # The following content has been identified by the YouTube community
1062             # as inappropriate or offensive to some audiences.
1063             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6SJNVb0GnPI',
1064             'info_dict': {
1065                 'id': '6SJNVb0GnPI',
1066                 'ext': 'mp4',
1067                 'title': 'Race Differences in Intelligence',
1068                 'description': 'md5:5d161533167390427a1f8ee89a1fc6f1',
1069                 'duration': 965,
1070                 'upload_date': '20140124',
1071                 'uploader': 'New Century Foundation',
1072                 'uploader_id': 'UCEJYpZGqgUob0zVVEaLhvVg',
1073                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCEJYpZGqgUob0zVVEaLhvVg',
1074             },
1075             'params': {
1076                 'skip_download': True,
1077             },
1078         },
1079         {
1080             # itag 212
1081             'url': '1t24XAntNCY',
1082             'only_matching': True,
1083         },
1084         {
1085             # geo restricted to JP
1086             'url': 'sJL6WA-aGkQ',
1087             'only_matching': True,
1088         },
1089         {
1090             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MuAGGZNfUkU&list=RDMM',
1091             'only_matching': True,
1092         },
1093         {
1094             'url': 'https://invidio.us/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc',
1095             'only_matching': True,
1096         },
1097         {
1098             # DRM protected
1099             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s7_qI6_mIXc',
1100             'only_matching': True,
1101         },
1102         {
1103             # Video with unsupported adaptive stream type formats
1104             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z4Vy8R84T1U',
1105             'info_dict': {
1106                 'id': 'Z4Vy8R84T1U',
1107                 'ext': 'mp4',
1108                 'title': 'saman SMAN 53 Jakarta(Sancety) opening COFFEE4th at SMAN 53 Jakarta',
1109                 'description': 'md5:d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e',
1110                 'duration': 433,
1111                 'upload_date': '20130923',
1112                 'uploader': 'Amelia Putri Harwita',
1113                 'uploader_id': 'UCpOxM49HJxmC1qCalXyB3_Q',
1114                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCpOxM49HJxmC1qCalXyB3_Q',
1115                 'formats': 'maxcount:10',
1116             },
1117             'params': {
1118                 'skip_download': True,
1119                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': False,
1120             },
1121         },
1122         {
1123             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1124             'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/watch?v=MgNrAu2pzNs',
1125             'info_dict': {
1126                 'id': 'MgNrAu2pzNs',
1127                 'ext': 'mp4',
1128                 'title': 'Voyeur Girl',
1129                 'description': 'md5:7ae382a65843d6df2685993e90a8628f',
1130                 'upload_date': '20190312',
1131                 'uploader': 'Various Artists - Topic',
1132                 'uploader_id': 'UCVWKBi1ELZn0QX2CBLSkiyw',
1133                 'artist': 'Stephen',
1134                 'track': 'Voyeur Girl',
1135                 'album': 'it\'s too much love to know my dear',
1136                 'release_date': '20190313',
1137                 'release_year': 2019,
1138             },
1139             'params': {
1140                 'skip_download': True,
1141             },
1142         },
1143         {
1144             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1145             # Retrieve 'artist' field from 'Artist:' in video description
1146             # when it is present on youtube music video
1147             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k0jLE7tTwjY',
1148             'info_dict': {
1149                 'id': 'k0jLE7tTwjY',
1150                 'ext': 'mp4',
1151                 'title': 'Latch Feat. Sam Smith',
1152                 'description': 'md5:3cb1e8101a7c85fcba9b4fb41b951335',
1153                 'upload_date': '20150110',
1154                 'uploader': 'Various Artists - Topic',
1155                 'uploader_id': 'UCNkEcmYdjrH4RqtNgh7BZ9w',
1156                 'artist': 'Disclosure',
1157                 'track': 'Latch Feat. Sam Smith',
1158                 'album': 'Latch Featuring Sam Smith',
1159                 'release_date': '20121008',
1160                 'release_year': 2012,
1161             },
1162             'params': {
1163                 'skip_download': True,
1164             },
1165         },
1166         {
1167             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1168             # handle multiple artists on youtube music video
1169             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=74qn0eJSjpA',
1170             'info_dict': {
1171                 'id': '74qn0eJSjpA',
1172                 'ext': 'mp4',
1173                 'title': 'Eastside',
1174                 'description': 'md5:290516bb73dcbfab0dcc4efe6c3de5f2',
1175                 'upload_date': '20180710',
1176                 'uploader': 'Benny Blanco - Topic',
1177                 'uploader_id': 'UCzqz_ksRu_WkIzmivMdIS7A',
1178                 'artist': 'benny blanco, Halsey, Khalid',
1179                 'track': 'Eastside',
1180                 'album': 'Eastside',
1181                 'release_date': '20180713',
1182                 'release_year': 2018,
1183             },
1184             'params': {
1185                 'skip_download': True,
1186             },
1187         },
1188         {
1189             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1190             # handle youtube music video with release_year and no release_date
1191             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-hcAI0g-f5M',
1192             'info_dict': {
1193                 'id': '-hcAI0g-f5M',
1194                 'ext': 'mp4',
1195                 'title': 'Put It On Me',
1196                 'description': 'md5:93c55acc682ae7b0c668f2e34e1c069e',
1197                 'upload_date': '20180426',
1198                 'uploader': 'Matt Maeson - Topic',
1199                 'uploader_id': 'UCnEkIGqtGcQMLk73Kp-Q5LQ',
1200                 'artist': 'Matt Maeson',
1201                 'track': 'Put It On Me',
1202                 'album': 'The Hearse',
1203                 'release_date': None,
1204                 'release_year': 2018,
1205             },
1206             'params': {
1207                 'skip_download': True,
1208             },
1209         },
1210     ]
1211
1212     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
1213         super(YoutubeIE, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
1214         self._player_cache = {}
1215
1216     def report_video_info_webpage_download(self, video_id):
1217         """Report attempt to download video info webpage."""
1218         self.to_screen('%s: Downloading video info webpage' % video_id)
1219
1220     def report_information_extraction(self, video_id):
1221         """Report attempt to extract video information."""
1222         self.to_screen('%s: Extracting video information' % video_id)
1223
1224     def report_unavailable_format(self, video_id, format):
1225         """Report extracted video URL."""
1226         self.to_screen('%s: Format %s not available' % (video_id, format))
1227
1228     def report_rtmp_download(self):
1229         """Indicate the download will use the RTMP protocol."""
1230         self.to_screen('RTMP download detected')
1231
1232     def _signature_cache_id(self, example_sig):
1233         """ Return a string representation of a signature """
1234         return '.'.join(compat_str(len(part)) for part in example_sig.split('.'))
1235
1236     def _extract_signature_function(self, video_id, player_url, example_sig):
1237         id_m = re.match(
1238             r'.*?-(?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)(?:/watch_as3|/html5player(?:-new)?|(?:/[a-z]{2,3}_[A-Z]{2})?/base)?\.(?P<ext>[a-z]+)$',
1239             player_url)
1240         if not id_m:
1241             raise ExtractorError('Cannot identify player %r' % player_url)
1242         player_type = id_m.group('ext')
1243         player_id = id_m.group('id')
1244
1245         # Read from filesystem cache
1246         func_id = '%s_%s_%s' % (
1247             player_type, player_id, self._signature_cache_id(example_sig))
1248         assert os.path.basename(func_id) == func_id
1249
1250         cache_spec = self._downloader.cache.load('youtube-sigfuncs', func_id)
1251         if cache_spec is not None:
1252             return lambda s: ''.join(s[i] for i in cache_spec)
1253
1254         download_note = (
1255             'Downloading player %s' % player_url
1256             if self._downloader.params.get('verbose') else
1257             'Downloading %s player %s' % (player_type, player_id)
1258         )
1259         if player_type == 'js':
1260             code = self._download_webpage(
1261                 player_url, video_id,
1262                 note=download_note,
1263                 errnote='Download of %s failed' % player_url)
1264             res = self._parse_sig_js(code)
1265         elif player_type == 'swf':
1266             urlh = self._request_webpage(
1267                 player_url, video_id,
1268                 note=download_note,
1269                 errnote='Download of %s failed' % player_url)
1270             code = urlh.read()
1271             res = self._parse_sig_swf(code)
1272         else:
1273             assert False, 'Invalid player type %r' % player_type
1274
1275         test_string = ''.join(map(compat_chr, range(len(example_sig))))
1276         cache_res = res(test_string)
1277         cache_spec = [ord(c) for c in cache_res]
1278
1279         self._downloader.cache.store('youtube-sigfuncs', func_id, cache_spec)
1280         return res
1281
1282     def _print_sig_code(self, func, example_sig):
1283         def gen_sig_code(idxs):
1284             def _genslice(start, end, step):
1285                 starts = '' if start == 0 else str(start)
1286                 ends = (':%d' % (end + step)) if end + step >= 0 else ':'
1287                 steps = '' if step == 1 else (':%d' % step)
1288                 return 's[%s%s%s]' % (starts, ends, steps)
1289
1290             step = None
1291             # Quelch pyflakes warnings - start will be set when step is set
1292             start = '(Never used)'
1293             for i, prev in zip(idxs[1:], idxs[:-1]):
1294                 if step is not None:
1295                     if i - prev == step:
1296                         continue
1297                     yield _genslice(start, prev, step)
1298                     step = None
1299                     continue
1300                 if i - prev in [-1, 1]:
1301                     step = i - prev
1302                     start = prev
1303                     continue
1304                 else:
1305                     yield 's[%d]' % prev
1306             if step is None:
1307                 yield 's[%d]' % i
1308             else:
1309                 yield _genslice(start, i, step)
1310
1311         test_string = ''.join(map(compat_chr, range(len(example_sig))))
1312         cache_res = func(test_string)
1313         cache_spec = [ord(c) for c in cache_res]
1314         expr_code = ' + '.join(gen_sig_code(cache_spec))
1315         signature_id_tuple = '(%s)' % (
1316             ', '.join(compat_str(len(p)) for p in example_sig.split('.')))
1317         code = ('if tuple(len(p) for p in s.split(\'.\')) == %s:\n'
1318                 '    return %s\n') % (signature_id_tuple, expr_code)
1319         self.to_screen('Extracted signature function:\n' + code)
1320
1321     def _parse_sig_js(self, jscode):
1322         funcname = self._search_regex(
1323             (r'\b[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*encodeURIComponent\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1324              r'\b[a-zA-Z0-9]+\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*encodeURIComponent\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1325              r'(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\s*=\s*function\(\s*a\s*\)\s*{\s*a\s*=\s*a\.split\(\s*""\s*\)',
1326              # Obsolete patterns
1327              r'(["\'])signature\1\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1328              r'\.sig\|\|(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1329              r'yt\.akamaized\.net/\)\s*\|\|\s*.*?\s*[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?:encodeURIComponent\s*\()?\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1330              r'\b[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1331              r'\b[a-zA-Z0-9]+\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1332              r'\bc\s*&&\s*a\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*\([^)]*\)\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1333              r'\bc\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*\([^)]*\)\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1334              r'\bc\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*\([^)]*\)\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\('),
1335             jscode, 'Initial JS player signature function name', group='sig')
1336
1337         jsi = JSInterpreter(jscode)
1338         initial_function = jsi.extract_function(funcname)
1339         return lambda s: initial_function([s])
1340
1341     def _parse_sig_swf(self, file_contents):
1342         swfi = SWFInterpreter(file_contents)
1343         TARGET_CLASSNAME = 'SignatureDecipher'
1344         searched_class = swfi.extract_class(TARGET_CLASSNAME)
1345         initial_function = swfi.extract_function(searched_class, 'decipher')
1346         return lambda s: initial_function([s])
1347
1348     def _decrypt_signature(self, s, video_id, player_url, age_gate=False):
1349         """Turn the encrypted s field into a working signature"""
1350
1351         if player_url is None:
1352             raise ExtractorError('Cannot decrypt signature without player_url')
1353
1354         if player_url.startswith('//'):
1355             player_url = 'https:' + player_url
1356         elif not re.match(r'https?://', player_url):
1357             player_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin(
1358                 'https://www.youtube.com', player_url)
1359         try:
1360             player_id = (player_url, self._signature_cache_id(s))
1361             if player_id not in self._player_cache:
1362                 func = self._extract_signature_function(
1363                     video_id, player_url, s
1364                 )
1365                 self._player_cache[player_id] = func
1366             func = self._player_cache[player_id]
1367             if self._downloader.params.get('youtube_print_sig_code'):
1368                 self._print_sig_code(func, s)
1369             return func(s)
1370         except Exception as e:
1371             tb = traceback.format_exc()
1372             raise ExtractorError(
1373                 'Signature extraction failed: ' + tb, cause=e)
1374
1375     def _get_subtitles(self, video_id, webpage):
1376         try:
1377             subs_doc = self._download_xml(
1378                 'https://video.google.com/timedtext?hl=en&type=list&v=%s' % video_id,
1379                 video_id, note=False)
1380         except ExtractorError as err:
1381             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to download video subtitles: %s' % error_to_compat_str(err))
1382             return {}
1383
1384         sub_lang_list = {}
1385         for track in subs_doc.findall('track'):
1386             lang = track.attrib['lang_code']
1387             if lang in sub_lang_list:
1388                 continue
1389             sub_formats = []
1390             for ext in self._SUBTITLE_FORMATS:
1391                 params = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
1392                     'lang': lang,
1393                     'v': video_id,
1394                     'fmt': ext,
1395                     'name': track.attrib['name'].encode('utf-8'),
1396                 })
1397                 sub_formats.append({
1398                     'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/api/timedtext?' + params,
1399                     'ext': ext,
1400                 })
1401             sub_lang_list[lang] = sub_formats
1402         if not sub_lang_list:
1403             self._downloader.report_warning('video doesn\'t have subtitles')
1404             return {}
1405         return sub_lang_list
1406
1407     def _get_ytplayer_config(self, video_id, webpage):
1408         patterns = (
1409             # User data may contain arbitrary character sequences that may affect
1410             # JSON extraction with regex, e.g. when '};' is contained the second
1411             # regex won't capture the whole JSON. Yet working around by trying more
1412             # concrete regex first keeping in mind proper quoted string handling
1413             # to be implemented in future that will replace this workaround (see
1414             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7468,
1415             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/7599)
1416             r';ytplayer\.config\s*=\s*({.+?});ytplayer',
1417             r';ytplayer\.config\s*=\s*({.+?});',
1418         )
1419         config = self._search_regex(
1420             patterns, webpage, 'ytplayer.config', default=None)
1421         if config:
1422             return self._parse_json(
1423                 uppercase_escape(config), video_id, fatal=False)
1424
1425     def _get_automatic_captions(self, video_id, webpage):
1426         """We need the webpage for getting the captions url, pass it as an
1427            argument to speed up the process."""
1428         self.to_screen('%s: Looking for automatic captions' % video_id)
1429         player_config = self._get_ytplayer_config(video_id, webpage)
1430         err_msg = 'Couldn\'t find automatic captions for %s' % video_id
1431         if not player_config:
1432             self._downloader.report_warning(err_msg)
1433             return {}
1434         try:
1435             args = player_config['args']
1436             caption_url = args.get('ttsurl')
1437             if caption_url:
1438                 timestamp = args['timestamp']
1439                 # We get the available subtitles
1440                 list_params = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
1441                     'type': 'list',
1442                     'tlangs': 1,
1443                     'asrs': 1,
1444                 })
1445                 list_url = caption_url + '&' + list_params
1446                 caption_list = self._download_xml(list_url, video_id)
1447                 original_lang_node = caption_list.find('track')
1448                 if original_lang_node is None:
1449                     self._downloader.report_warning('Video doesn\'t have automatic captions')
1450                     return {}
1451                 original_lang = original_lang_node.attrib['lang_code']
1452                 caption_kind = original_lang_node.attrib.get('kind', '')
1453
1454                 sub_lang_list = {}
1455                 for lang_node in caption_list.findall('target'):
1456                     sub_lang = lang_node.attrib['lang_code']
1457                     sub_formats = []
1458                     for ext in self._SUBTITLE_FORMATS:
1459                         params = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
1460                             'lang': original_lang,
1461                             'tlang': sub_lang,
1462                             'fmt': ext,
1463                             'ts': timestamp,
1464                             'kind': caption_kind,
1465                         })
1466                         sub_formats.append({
1467                             'url': caption_url + '&' + params,
1468                             'ext': ext,
1469                         })
1470                     sub_lang_list[sub_lang] = sub_formats
1471                 return sub_lang_list
1472
1473             def make_captions(sub_url, sub_langs):
1474                 parsed_sub_url = compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(sub_url)
1475                 caption_qs = compat_parse_qs(parsed_sub_url.query)
1476                 captions = {}
1477                 for sub_lang in sub_langs:
1478                     sub_formats = []
1479                     for ext in self._SUBTITLE_FORMATS:
1480                         caption_qs.update({
1481                             'tlang': [sub_lang],
1482                             'fmt': [ext],
1483                         })
1484                         sub_url = compat_urlparse.urlunparse(parsed_sub_url._replace(
1485                             query=compat_urllib_parse_urlencode(caption_qs, True)))
1486                         sub_formats.append({
1487                             'url': sub_url,
1488                             'ext': ext,
1489                         })
1490                     captions[sub_lang] = sub_formats
1491                 return captions
1492
1493             # New captions format as of 22.06.2017
1494             player_response = args.get('player_response')
1495             if player_response and isinstance(player_response, compat_str):
1496                 player_response = self._parse_json(
1497                     player_response, video_id, fatal=False)
1498                 if player_response:
1499                     renderer = player_response['captions']['playerCaptionsTracklistRenderer']
1500                     base_url = renderer['captionTracks'][0]['baseUrl']
1501                     sub_lang_list = []
1502                     for lang in renderer['translationLanguages']:
1503                         lang_code = lang.get('languageCode')
1504                         if lang_code:
1505                             sub_lang_list.append(lang_code)
1506                     return make_captions(base_url, sub_lang_list)
1507
1508             # Some videos don't provide ttsurl but rather caption_tracks and
1509             # caption_translation_languages (e.g. 20LmZk1hakA)
1510             # Does not used anymore as of 22.06.2017
1511             caption_tracks = args['caption_tracks']
1512             caption_translation_languages = args['caption_translation_languages']
1513             caption_url = compat_parse_qs(caption_tracks.split(',')[0])['u'][0]
1514             sub_lang_list = []
1515             for lang in caption_translation_languages.split(','):
1516                 lang_qs = compat_parse_qs(compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(lang))
1517                 sub_lang = lang_qs.get('lc', [None])[0]
1518                 if sub_lang:
1519                     sub_lang_list.append(sub_lang)
1520             return make_captions(caption_url, sub_lang_list)
1521         # An extractor error can be raise by the download process if there are
1522         # no automatic captions but there are subtitles
1523         except (KeyError, IndexError, ExtractorError):
1524             self._downloader.report_warning(err_msg)
1525             return {}
1526
1527     def _mark_watched(self, video_id, video_info, player_response):
1528         playback_url = url_or_none(try_get(
1529             player_response,
1530             lambda x: x['playbackTracking']['videostatsPlaybackUrl']['baseUrl']) or try_get(
1531             video_info, lambda x: x['videostats_playback_base_url'][0]))
1532         if not playback_url:
1533             return
1534         parsed_playback_url = compat_urlparse.urlparse(playback_url)
1535         qs = compat_urlparse.parse_qs(parsed_playback_url.query)
1536
1537         # cpn generation algorithm is reverse engineered from base.js.
1538         # In fact it works even with dummy cpn.
1539         CPN_ALPHABET = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789-_'
1540         cpn = ''.join((CPN_ALPHABET[random.randint(0, 256) & 63] for _ in range(0, 16)))
1541
1542         qs.update({
1543             'ver': ['2'],
1544             'cpn': [cpn],
1545         })
1546         playback_url = compat_urlparse.urlunparse(
1547             parsed_playback_url._replace(query=compat_urllib_parse_urlencode(qs, True)))
1548
1549         self._download_webpage(
1550             playback_url, video_id, 'Marking watched',
1551             'Unable to mark watched', fatal=False)
1552
1553     @staticmethod
1554     def _extract_urls(webpage):
1555         # Embedded YouTube player
1556         entries = [
1557             unescapeHTML(mobj.group('url'))
1558             for mobj in re.finditer(r'''(?x)
1559             (?:
1560                 <iframe[^>]+?src=|
1561                 data-video-url=|
1562                 <embed[^>]+?src=|
1563                 embedSWF\(?:\s*|
1564                 <object[^>]+data=|
1565                 new\s+SWFObject\(
1566             )
1567             (["\'])
1568                 (?P<url>(?:https?:)?//(?:www\.)?youtube(?:-nocookie)?\.com/
1569                 (?:embed|v|p)/[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}.*?)
1570             \1''', webpage)]
1571
1572         # lazyYT YouTube embed
1573         entries.extend(list(map(
1574             unescapeHTML,
1575             re.findall(r'class="lazyYT" data-youtube-id="([^"]+)"', webpage))))
1576
1577         # Wordpress "YouTube Video Importer" plugin
1578         matches = re.findall(r'''(?x)<div[^>]+
1579             class=(?P<q1>[\'"])[^\'"]*\byvii_single_video_player\b[^\'"]*(?P=q1)[^>]+
1580             data-video_id=(?P<q2>[\'"])([^\'"]+)(?P=q2)''', webpage)
1581         entries.extend(m[-1] for m in matches)
1582
1583         return entries
1584
1585     @staticmethod
1586     def _extract_url(webpage):
1587         urls = YoutubeIE._extract_urls(webpage)
1588         return urls[0] if urls else None
1589
1590     @classmethod
1591     def extract_id(cls, url):
1592         mobj = re.match(cls._VALID_URL, url, re.VERBOSE)
1593         if mobj is None:
1594             raise ExtractorError('Invalid URL: %s' % url)
1595         video_id = mobj.group(2)
1596         return video_id
1597
1598     def _extract_annotations(self, video_id):
1599         return self._download_webpage(
1600             'https://www.youtube.com/annotations_invideo', video_id,
1601             note='Downloading annotations',
1602             errnote='Unable to download video annotations', fatal=False,
1603             query={
1604                 'features': 1,
1605                 'legacy': 1,
1606                 'video_id': video_id,
1607             })
1608
1609     @staticmethod
1610     def _extract_chapters(description, duration):
1611         if not description:
1612             return None
1613         chapter_lines = re.findall(
1614             r'(?:^|<br\s*/>)([^<]*<a[^>]+onclick=["\']yt\.www\.watch\.player\.seekTo[^>]+>(\d{1,2}:\d{1,2}(?::\d{1,2})?)</a>[^>]*)(?=$|<br\s*/>)',
1615             description)
1616         if not chapter_lines:
1617             return None
1618         chapters = []
1619         for next_num, (chapter_line, time_point) in enumerate(
1620                 chapter_lines, start=1):
1621             start_time = parse_duration(time_point)
1622             if start_time is None:
1623                 continue
1624             if start_time > duration:
1625                 break
1626             end_time = (duration if next_num == len(chapter_lines)
1627                         else parse_duration(chapter_lines[next_num][1]))
1628             if end_time is None:
1629                 continue
1630             if end_time > duration:
1631                 end_time = duration
1632             if start_time > end_time:
1633                 break
1634             chapter_title = re.sub(
1635                 r'<a[^>]+>[^<]+</a>', '', chapter_line).strip(' \t-')
1636             chapter_title = re.sub(r'\s+', ' ', chapter_title)
1637             chapters.append({
1638                 'start_time': start_time,
1639                 'end_time': end_time,
1640                 'title': chapter_title,
1641             })
1642         return chapters
1643
1644     def _real_extract(self, url):
1645         url, smuggled_data = unsmuggle_url(url, {})
1646
1647         proto = (
1648             'http' if self._downloader.params.get('prefer_insecure', False)
1649             else 'https')
1650
1651         start_time = None
1652         end_time = None
1653         parsed_url = compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(url)
1654         for component in [parsed_url.fragment, parsed_url.query]:
1655             query = compat_parse_qs(component)
1656             if start_time is None and 't' in query:
1657                 start_time = parse_duration(query['t'][0])
1658             if start_time is None and 'start' in query:
1659                 start_time = parse_duration(query['start'][0])
1660             if end_time is None and 'end' in query:
1661                 end_time = parse_duration(query['end'][0])
1662
1663         # Extract original video URL from URL with redirection, like age verification, using next_url parameter
1664         mobj = re.search(self._NEXT_URL_RE, url)
1665         if mobj:
1666             url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/' + compat_urllib_parse_unquote(mobj.group(1)).lstrip('/')
1667         video_id = self.extract_id(url)
1668
1669         # Get video webpage
1670         url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s&gl=US&hl=en&has_verified=1&bpctr=9999999999' % video_id
1671         video_webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
1672
1673         # Attempt to extract SWF player URL
1674         mobj = re.search(r'swfConfig.*?"(https?:\\/\\/.*?watch.*?-.*?\.swf)"', video_webpage)
1675         if mobj is not None:
1676             player_url = re.sub(r'\\(.)', r'\1', mobj.group(1))
1677         else:
1678             player_url = None
1679
1680         dash_mpds = []
1681
1682         def add_dash_mpd(video_info):
1683             dash_mpd = video_info.get('dashmpd')
1684             if dash_mpd and dash_mpd[0] not in dash_mpds:
1685                 dash_mpds.append(dash_mpd[0])
1686
1687         def add_dash_mpd_pr(pl_response):
1688             dash_mpd = url_or_none(try_get(
1689                 pl_response, lambda x: x['streamingData']['dashManifestUrl'],
1690                 compat_str))
1691             if dash_mpd and dash_mpd not in dash_mpds:
1692                 dash_mpds.append(dash_mpd)
1693
1694         is_live = None
1695         view_count = None
1696
1697         def extract_view_count(v_info):
1698             return int_or_none(try_get(v_info, lambda x: x['view_count'][0]))
1699
1700         def extract_token(v_info):
1701             return dict_get(v_info, ('account_playback_token', 'accountPlaybackToken', 'token'))
1702
1703         player_response = {}
1704
1705         # Get video info
1706         embed_webpage = None
1707         if re.search(r'player-age-gate-content">', video_webpage) is not None:
1708             age_gate = True
1709             # We simulate the access to the video from www.youtube.com/v/{video_id}
1710             # this can be viewed without login into Youtube
1711             url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/embed/%s' % video_id
1712             embed_webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id, 'Downloading embed webpage')
1713             data = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
1714                 'video_id': video_id,
1715                 'eurl': 'https://youtube.googleapis.com/v/' + video_id,
1716                 'sts': self._search_regex(
1717                     r'"sts"\s*:\s*(\d+)', embed_webpage, 'sts', default=''),
1718             })
1719             video_info_url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/get_video_info?' + data
1720             video_info_webpage = self._download_webpage(
1721                 video_info_url, video_id,
1722                 note='Refetching age-gated info webpage',
1723                 errnote='unable to download video info webpage')
1724             video_info = compat_parse_qs(video_info_webpage)
1725             add_dash_mpd(video_info)
1726         else:
1727             age_gate = False
1728             video_info = None
1729             sts = None
1730             # Try looking directly into the video webpage
1731             ytplayer_config = self._get_ytplayer_config(video_id, video_webpage)
1732             if ytplayer_config:
1733                 args = ytplayer_config['args']
1734                 if args.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map') or args.get('hlsvp'):
1735                     # Convert to the same format returned by compat_parse_qs
1736                     video_info = dict((k, [v]) for k, v in args.items())
1737                     add_dash_mpd(video_info)
1738                 # Rental video is not rented but preview is available (e.g.
1739                 # https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yYr8q0y5Jfg,
1740                 # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/10532)
1741                 if not video_info and args.get('ypc_vid'):
1742                     return self.url_result(
1743                         args['ypc_vid'], YoutubeIE.ie_key(), video_id=args['ypc_vid'])
1744                 if args.get('livestream') == '1' or args.get('live_playback') == 1:
1745                     is_live = True
1746                 sts = ytplayer_config.get('sts')
1747                 if not player_response:
1748                     pl_response = str_or_none(args.get('player_response'))
1749                     if pl_response:
1750                         pl_response = self._parse_json(pl_response, video_id, fatal=False)
1751                         if isinstance(pl_response, dict):
1752                             player_response = pl_response
1753             if not video_info or self._downloader.params.get('youtube_include_dash_manifest', True):
1754                 add_dash_mpd_pr(player_response)
1755                 # We also try looking in get_video_info since it may contain different dashmpd
1756                 # URL that points to a DASH manifest with possibly different itag set (some itags
1757                 # are missing from DASH manifest pointed by webpage's dashmpd, some - from DASH
1758                 # manifest pointed by get_video_info's dashmpd).
1759                 # The general idea is to take a union of itags of both DASH manifests (for example
1760                 # video with such 'manifest behavior' see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/6093)
1761                 self.report_video_info_webpage_download(video_id)
1762                 for el in ('embedded', 'detailpage', 'vevo', ''):
1763                     query = {
1764                         'video_id': video_id,
1765                         'ps': 'default',
1766                         'eurl': '',
1767                         'gl': 'US',
1768                         'hl': 'en',
1769                     }
1770                     if el:
1771                         query['el'] = el
1772                     if sts:
1773                         query['sts'] = sts
1774                     video_info_webpage = self._download_webpage(
1775                         '%s://www.youtube.com/get_video_info' % proto,
1776                         video_id, note=False,
1777                         errnote='unable to download video info webpage',
1778                         fatal=False, query=query)
1779                     if not video_info_webpage:
1780                         continue
1781                     get_video_info = compat_parse_qs(video_info_webpage)
1782                     if not player_response:
1783                         pl_response = get_video_info.get('player_response', [None])[0]
1784                         if isinstance(pl_response, dict):
1785                             player_response = pl_response
1786                             add_dash_mpd_pr(player_response)
1787                     add_dash_mpd(get_video_info)
1788                     if view_count is None:
1789                         view_count = extract_view_count(get_video_info)
1790                     if not video_info:
1791                         video_info = get_video_info
1792                     get_token = extract_token(get_video_info)
1793                     if get_token:
1794                         # Different get_video_info requests may report different results, e.g.
1795                         # some may report video unavailability, but some may serve it without
1796                         # any complaint (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7362,
1797                         # the original webpage as well as el=info and el=embedded get_video_info
1798                         # requests report video unavailability due to geo restriction while
1799                         # el=detailpage succeeds and returns valid data). This is probably
1800                         # due to YouTube measures against IP ranges of hosting providers.
1801                         # Working around by preferring the first succeeded video_info containing
1802                         # the token if no such video_info yet was found.
1803                         token = extract_token(video_info)
1804                         if not token:
1805                             video_info = get_video_info
1806                         break
1807
1808         def extract_unavailable_message():
1809             return self._html_search_regex(
1810                 r'(?s)<h1[^>]+id="unavailable-message"[^>]*>(.+?)</h1>',
1811                 video_webpage, 'unavailable message', default=None)
1812
1813         if not video_info:
1814             unavailable_message = extract_unavailable_message()
1815             if not unavailable_message:
1816                 unavailable_message = 'Unable to extract video data'
1817             raise ExtractorError(
1818                 'YouTube said: %s' % unavailable_message, expected=True, video_id=video_id)
1819
1820         video_details = try_get(
1821             player_response, lambda x: x['videoDetails'], dict) or {}
1822
1823         # title
1824         if 'title' in video_info:
1825             video_title = video_info['title'][0]
1826         elif 'title' in player_response:
1827             video_title = video_details['title']
1828         else:
1829             self._downloader.report_warning('Unable to extract video title')
1830             video_title = '_'
1831
1832         # description
1833         description_original = video_description = get_element_by_id("eow-description", video_webpage)
1834         if video_description:
1835
1836             def replace_url(m):
1837                 redir_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin(url, m.group(1))
1838                 parsed_redir_url = compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(redir_url)
1839                 if re.search(r'^(?:www\.)?(?:youtube(?:-nocookie)?\.com|youtu\.be)$', parsed_redir_url.netloc) and parsed_redir_url.path == '/redirect':
1840                     qs = compat_parse_qs(parsed_redir_url.query)
1841                     q = qs.get('q')
1842                     if q and q[0]:
1843                         return q[0]
1844                 return redir_url
1845
1846             description_original = video_description = re.sub(r'''(?x)
1847                 <a\s+
1848                     (?:[a-zA-Z-]+="[^"]*"\s+)*?
1849                     (?:title|href)="([^"]+)"\s+
1850                     (?:[a-zA-Z-]+="[^"]*"\s+)*?
1851                     class="[^"]*"[^>]*>
1852                 [^<]+\.{3}\s*
1853                 </a>
1854             ''', replace_url, video_description)
1855             video_description = clean_html(video_description)
1856         else:
1857             fd_mobj = re.search(r'<meta name="description" content="([^"]+)"', video_webpage)
1858             if fd_mobj:
1859                 video_description = unescapeHTML(fd_mobj.group(1))
1860             else:
1861                 video_description = ''
1862
1863         if not smuggled_data.get('force_singlefeed', False):
1864             if not self._downloader.params.get('noplaylist'):
1865                 multifeed_metadata_list = try_get(
1866                     player_response,
1867                     lambda x: x['multicamera']['playerLegacyMulticameraRenderer']['metadataList'],
1868                     compat_str) or try_get(
1869                     video_info, lambda x: x['multifeed_metadata_list'][0], compat_str)
1870                 if multifeed_metadata_list:
1871                     entries = []
1872                     feed_ids = []
1873                     for feed in multifeed_metadata_list.split(','):
1874                         # Unquote should take place before split on comma (,) since textual
1875                         # fields may contain comma as well (see
1876                         # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8536)
1877                         feed_data = compat_parse_qs(compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(feed))
1878                         entries.append({
1879                             '_type': 'url_transparent',
1880                             'ie_key': 'Youtube',
1881                             'url': smuggle_url(
1882                                 '%s://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s' % (proto, feed_data['id'][0]),
1883                                 {'force_singlefeed': True}),
1884                             'title': '%s (%s)' % (video_title, feed_data['title'][0]),
1885                         })
1886                         feed_ids.append(feed_data['id'][0])
1887                     self.to_screen(
1888                         'Downloading multifeed video (%s) - add --no-playlist to just download video %s'
1889                         % (', '.join(feed_ids), video_id))
1890                     return self.playlist_result(entries, video_id, video_title, video_description)
1891             else:
1892                 self.to_screen('Downloading just video %s because of --no-playlist' % video_id)
1893
1894         if view_count is None:
1895             view_count = extract_view_count(video_info)
1896         if view_count is None and video_details:
1897             view_count = int_or_none(video_details.get('viewCount'))
1898
1899         if is_live is None:
1900             is_live = bool_or_none(video_details.get('isLive'))
1901
1902         # Check for "rental" videos
1903         if 'ypc_video_rental_bar_text' in video_info and 'author' not in video_info:
1904             raise ExtractorError('"rental" videos not supported. See https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/359 for more information.', expected=True)
1905
1906         def _extract_filesize(media_url):
1907             return int_or_none(self._search_regex(
1908                 r'\bclen[=/](\d+)', media_url, 'filesize', default=None))
1909
1910         if 'conn' in video_info and video_info['conn'][0].startswith('rtmp'):
1911             self.report_rtmp_download()
1912             formats = [{
1913                 'format_id': '_rtmp',
1914                 'protocol': 'rtmp',
1915                 'url': video_info['conn'][0],
1916                 'player_url': player_url,
1917             }]
1918         elif not is_live and (len(video_info.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map', [''])[0]) >= 1 or len(video_info.get('adaptive_fmts', [''])[0]) >= 1):
1919             encoded_url_map = video_info.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map', [''])[0] + ',' + video_info.get('adaptive_fmts', [''])[0]
1920             if 'rtmpe%3Dyes' in encoded_url_map:
1921                 raise ExtractorError('rtmpe downloads are not supported, see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/343 for more information.', expected=True)
1922             formats_spec = {}
1923             fmt_list = video_info.get('fmt_list', [''])[0]
1924             if fmt_list:
1925                 for fmt in fmt_list.split(','):
1926                     spec = fmt.split('/')
1927                     if len(spec) > 1:
1928                         width_height = spec[1].split('x')
1929                         if len(width_height) == 2:
1930                             formats_spec[spec[0]] = {
1931                                 'resolution': spec[1],
1932                                 'width': int_or_none(width_height[0]),
1933                                 'height': int_or_none(width_height[1]),
1934                             }
1935             q = qualities(['small', 'medium', 'hd720'])
1936             streaming_formats = try_get(player_response, lambda x: x['streamingData']['formats'], list)
1937             if streaming_formats:
1938                 for fmt in streaming_formats:
1939                     itag = str_or_none(fmt.get('itag'))
1940                     if not itag:
1941                         continue
1942                     quality = fmt.get('quality')
1943                     quality_label = fmt.get('qualityLabel') or quality
1944                     formats_spec[itag] = {
1945                         'asr': int_or_none(fmt.get('audioSampleRate')),
1946                         'filesize': int_or_none(fmt.get('contentLength')),
1947                         'format_note': quality_label,
1948                         'fps': int_or_none(fmt.get('fps')),
1949                         'height': int_or_none(fmt.get('height')),
1950                         'quality': q(quality),
1951                         # bitrate for itag 43 is always 2147483647
1952                         'tbr': float_or_none(fmt.get('averageBitrate') or fmt.get('bitrate'), 1000) if itag != '43' else None,
1953                         'width': int_or_none(fmt.get('width')),
1954                     }
1955             formats = []
1956             for url_data_str in encoded_url_map.split(','):
1957                 url_data = compat_parse_qs(url_data_str)
1958                 if 'itag' not in url_data or 'url' not in url_data or url_data.get('drm_families'):
1959                     continue
1960                 stream_type = int_or_none(try_get(url_data, lambda x: x['stream_type'][0]))
1961                 # Unsupported FORMAT_STREAM_TYPE_OTF
1962                 if stream_type == 3:
1963                     continue
1964                 format_id = url_data['itag'][0]
1965                 url = url_data['url'][0]
1966
1967                 if 's' in url_data or self._downloader.params.get('youtube_include_dash_manifest', True):
1968                     ASSETS_RE = r'"assets":.+?"js":\s*("[^"]+")'
1969                     jsplayer_url_json = self._search_regex(
1970                         ASSETS_RE,
1971                         embed_webpage if age_gate else video_webpage,
1972                         'JS player URL (1)', default=None)
1973                     if not jsplayer_url_json and not age_gate:
1974                         # We need the embed website after all
1975                         if embed_webpage is None:
1976                             embed_url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/embed/%s' % video_id
1977                             embed_webpage = self._download_webpage(
1978                                 embed_url, video_id, 'Downloading embed webpage')
1979                         jsplayer_url_json = self._search_regex(
1980                             ASSETS_RE, embed_webpage, 'JS player URL')
1981
1982                     player_url = json.loads(jsplayer_url_json)
1983                     if player_url is None:
1984                         player_url_json = self._search_regex(
1985                             r'ytplayer\.config.*?"url"\s*:\s*("[^"]+")',
1986                             video_webpage, 'age gate player URL')
1987                         player_url = json.loads(player_url_json)
1988
1989                 if 'sig' in url_data:
1990                     url += '&signature=' + url_data['sig'][0]
1991                 elif 's' in url_data:
1992                     encrypted_sig = url_data['s'][0]
1993
1994                     if self._downloader.params.get('verbose'):
1995                         if player_url is None:
1996                             player_version = 'unknown'
1997                             player_desc = 'unknown'
1998                         else:
1999                             if player_url.endswith('swf'):
2000                                 player_version = self._search_regex(
2001                                     r'-(.+?)(?:/watch_as3)?\.swf$', player_url,
2002                                     'flash player', fatal=False)
2003                                 player_desc = 'flash player %s' % player_version
2004                             else:
2005                                 player_version = self._search_regex(
2006                                     [r'html5player-([^/]+?)(?:/html5player(?:-new)?)?\.js',
2007                                      r'(?:www|player(?:_ias)?)-([^/]+)(?:/[a-z]{2,3}_[A-Z]{2})?/base\.js'],
2008                                     player_url,
2009                                     'html5 player', fatal=False)
2010                                 player_desc = 'html5 player %s' % player_version
2011
2012                         parts_sizes = self._signature_cache_id(encrypted_sig)
2013                         self.to_screen('{%s} signature length %s, %s' %
2014                                        (format_id, parts_sizes, player_desc))
2015
2016                     signature = self._decrypt_signature(
2017                         encrypted_sig, video_id, player_url, age_gate)
2018                     sp = try_get(url_data, lambda x: x['sp'][0], compat_str) or 'signature'
2019                     url += '&%s=%s' % (sp, signature)
2020                 if 'ratebypass' not in url:
2021                     url += '&ratebypass=yes'
2022
2023                 dct = {
2024                     'format_id': format_id,
2025                     'url': url,
2026                     'player_url': player_url,
2027                 }
2028                 if format_id in self._formats:
2029                     dct.update(self._formats[format_id])
2030                 if format_id in formats_spec:
2031                     dct.update(formats_spec[format_id])
2032
2033                 # Some itags are not included in DASH manifest thus corresponding formats will
2034                 # lack metadata (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/5993).
2035                 # Trying to extract metadata from url_encoded_fmt_stream_map entry.
2036                 mobj = re.search(r'^(?P<width>\d+)[xX](?P<height>\d+)$', url_data.get('size', [''])[0])
2037                 width, height = (int(mobj.group('width')), int(mobj.group('height'))) if mobj else (None, None)
2038
2039                 filesize = int_or_none(url_data.get(
2040                     'clen', [None])[0]) or _extract_filesize(url)
2041
2042                 quality = url_data.get('quality', [None])[0]
2043
2044                 more_fields = {
2045                     'filesize': filesize,
2046                     'tbr': float_or_none(url_data.get('bitrate', [None])[0], 1000),
2047                     'width': width,
2048                     'height': height,
2049                     'fps': int_or_none(url_data.get('fps', [None])[0]),
2050                     'format_note': url_data.get('quality_label', [None])[0] or quality,
2051                     'quality': q(quality),
2052                 }
2053                 for key, value in more_fields.items():
2054                     if value:
2055                         dct[key] = value
2056                 type_ = url_data.get('type', [None])[0]
2057                 if type_:
2058                     type_split = type_.split(';')
2059                     kind_ext = type_split[0].split('/')
2060                     if len(kind_ext) == 2:
2061                         kind, _ = kind_ext
2062                         dct['ext'] = mimetype2ext(type_split[0])
2063                         if kind in ('audio', 'video'):
2064                             codecs = None
2065                             for mobj in re.finditer(
2066                                     r'(?P<key>[a-zA-Z_-]+)=(?P<quote>["\']?)(?P<val>.+?)(?P=quote)(?:;|$)', type_):
2067                                 if mobj.group('key') == 'codecs':
2068                                     codecs = mobj.group('val')
2069                                     break
2070                             if codecs:
2071                                 dct.update(parse_codecs(codecs))
2072                 if dct.get('acodec') == 'none' or dct.get('vcodec') == 'none':
2073                     dct['downloader_options'] = {
2074                         # Youtube throttles chunks >~10M
2075                         'http_chunk_size': 10485760,
2076                     }
2077                 formats.append(dct)
2078         else:
2079             manifest_url = (
2080                 url_or_none(try_get(
2081                     player_response,
2082                     lambda x: x['streamingData']['hlsManifestUrl'],
2083                     compat_str))
2084                 or url_or_none(try_get(
2085                     video_info, lambda x: x['hlsvp'][0], compat_str)))
2086             if manifest_url:
2087                 formats = []
2088                 m3u8_formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
2089                     manifest_url, video_id, 'mp4', fatal=False)
2090                 for a_format in m3u8_formats:
2091                     itag = self._search_regex(
2092                         r'/itag/(\d+)/', a_format['url'], 'itag', default=None)
2093                     if itag:
2094                         a_format['format_id'] = itag
2095                         if itag in self._formats:
2096                             dct = self._formats[itag].copy()
2097                             dct.update(a_format)
2098                             a_format = dct
2099                     a_format['player_url'] = player_url
2100                     # Accept-Encoding header causes failures in live streams on Youtube and Youtube Gaming
2101                     a_format.setdefault('http_headers', {})['Youtubedl-no-compression'] = 'True'
2102                     formats.append(a_format)
2103             else:
2104                 error_message = clean_html(video_info.get('reason', [None])[0])
2105                 if not error_message:
2106                     error_message = extract_unavailable_message()
2107                 if error_message:
2108                     raise ExtractorError(error_message, expected=True)
2109                 raise ExtractorError('no conn, hlsvp, hlsManifestUrl or url_encoded_fmt_stream_map information found in video info')
2110
2111         # uploader
2112         video_uploader = try_get(
2113             video_info, lambda x: x['author'][0],
2114             compat_str) or str_or_none(video_details.get('author'))
2115         if video_uploader:
2116             video_uploader = compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(video_uploader)
2117         else:
2118             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to extract uploader name')
2119
2120         # uploader_id
2121         video_uploader_id = None
2122         video_uploader_url = None
2123         mobj = re.search(
2124             r'<link itemprop="url" href="(?P<uploader_url>https?://www\.youtube\.com/(?:user|channel)/(?P<uploader_id>[^"]+))">',
2125             video_webpage)
2126         if mobj is not None:
2127             video_uploader_id = mobj.group('uploader_id')
2128             video_uploader_url = mobj.group('uploader_url')
2129         else:
2130             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to extract uploader nickname')
2131
2132         channel_id = (
2133             str_or_none(video_details.get('channelId'))
2134             or self._html_search_meta(
2135                 'channelId', video_webpage, 'channel id', default=None)
2136             or self._search_regex(
2137                 r'data-channel-external-id=(["\'])(?P<id>(?:(?!\1).)+)\1',
2138                 video_webpage, 'channel id', default=None, group='id'))
2139         channel_url = 'http://www.youtube.com/channel/%s' % channel_id if channel_id else None
2140
2141         # thumbnail image
2142         # We try first to get a high quality image:
2143         m_thumb = re.search(r'<span itemprop="thumbnail".*?href="(.*?)">',
2144                             video_webpage, re.DOTALL)
2145         if m_thumb is not None:
2146             video_thumbnail = m_thumb.group(1)
2147         elif 'thumbnail_url' not in video_info:
2148             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to extract video thumbnail')
2149             video_thumbnail = None
2150         else:   # don't panic if we can't find it
2151             video_thumbnail = compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(video_info['thumbnail_url'][0])
2152
2153         # upload date
2154         upload_date = self._html_search_meta(
2155             'datePublished', video_webpage, 'upload date', default=None)
2156         if not upload_date:
2157             upload_date = self._search_regex(
2158                 [r'(?s)id="eow-date.*?>(.*?)</span>',
2159                  r'(?:id="watch-uploader-info".*?>.*?|["\']simpleText["\']\s*:\s*["\'])(?:Published|Uploaded|Streamed live|Started) on (.+?)[<"\']'],
2160                 video_webpage, 'upload date', default=None)
2161         upload_date = unified_strdate(upload_date)
2162
2163         video_license = self._html_search_regex(
2164             r'<h4[^>]+class="title"[^>]*>\s*License\s*</h4>\s*<ul[^>]*>\s*<li>(.+?)</li',
2165             video_webpage, 'license', default=None)
2166
2167         m_music = re.search(
2168             r'''(?x)
2169                 <h4[^>]+class="title"[^>]*>\s*Music\s*</h4>\s*
2170                 <ul[^>]*>\s*
2171                 <li>(?P<title>.+?)
2172                 by (?P<creator>.+?)
2173                 (?:
2174                     \(.+?\)|
2175                     <a[^>]*
2176                         (?:
2177                             \bhref=["\']/red[^>]*>|             # drop possible
2178                             >\s*Listen ad-free with YouTube Red # YouTube Red ad
2179                         )
2180                     .*?
2181                 )?</li
2182             ''',
2183             video_webpage)
2184         if m_music:
2185             video_alt_title = remove_quotes(unescapeHTML(m_music.group('title')))
2186             video_creator = clean_html(m_music.group('creator'))
2187         else:
2188             video_alt_title = video_creator = None
2189
2190         def extract_meta(field):
2191             return self._html_search_regex(
2192                 r'<h4[^>]+class="title"[^>]*>\s*%s\s*</h4>\s*<ul[^>]*>\s*<li>(.+?)</li>\s*' % field,
2193                 video_webpage, field, default=None)
2194
2195         track = extract_meta('Song')
2196         artist = extract_meta('Artist')
2197         album = extract_meta('Album')
2198
2199         # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
2200         release_date = release_year = None
2201         if video_description:
2202             mobj = re.search(r'(?s)Provided to YouTube by [^\n]+\n+(?P<track>[^·]+)·(?P<artist>[^\n]+)\n+(?P<album>[^\n]+)(?:.+?℗\s*(?P<release_year>\d{4})(?!\d))?(?:.+?Released on\s*:\s*(?P<release_date>\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}))?(.+?\nArtist\s*:\s*(?P<clean_artist>[^\n]+))?', video_description)
2203             if mobj:
2204                 if not track:
2205                     track = mobj.group('track').strip()
2206                 if not artist:
2207                     artist = mobj.group('clean_artist') or ', '.join(a.strip() for a in mobj.group('artist').split('·'))
2208                 if not album:
2209                     album = mobj.group('album'.strip())
2210                 release_year = mobj.group('release_year')
2211                 release_date = mobj.group('release_date')
2212                 if release_date:
2213                     release_date = release_date.replace('-', '')
2214                     if not release_year:
2215                         release_year = int(release_date[:4])
2216                 if release_year:
2217                     release_year = int(release_year)
2218
2219         m_episode = re.search(
2220             r'<div[^>]+id="watch7-headline"[^>]*>\s*<span[^>]*>.*?>(?P<series>[^<]+)</a></b>\s*S(?P<season>\d+)\s*•\s*E(?P<episode>\d+)</span>',
2221             video_webpage)
2222         if m_episode:
2223             series = unescapeHTML(m_episode.group('series'))
2224             season_number = int(m_episode.group('season'))
2225             episode_number = int(m_episode.group('episode'))
2226         else:
2227             series = season_number = episode_number = None
2228
2229         m_cat_container = self._search_regex(
2230             r'(?s)<h4[^>]*>\s*Category\s*</h4>\s*<ul[^>]*>(.*?)</ul>',
2231             video_webpage, 'categories', default=None)
2232         if m_cat_container:
2233             category = self._html_search_regex(
2234                 r'(?s)<a[^<]+>(.*?)</a>', m_cat_container, 'category',
2235                 default=None)
2236             video_categories = None if category is None else [category]
2237         else:
2238             video_categories = None
2239
2240         video_tags = [
2241             unescapeHTML(m.group('content'))
2242             for m in re.finditer(self._meta_regex('og:video:tag'), video_webpage)]
2243
2244         def _extract_count(count_name):
2245             return str_to_int(self._search_regex(
2246                 r'-%s-button[^>]+><span[^>]+class="yt-uix-button-content"[^>]*>([\d,]+)</span>'
2247                 % re.escape(count_name),
2248                 video_webpage, count_name, default=None))
2249
2250         like_count = _extract_count('like')
2251         dislike_count = _extract_count('dislike')
2252
2253         if view_count is None:
2254             view_count = str_to_int(self._search_regex(
2255                 r'<[^>]+class=["\']watch-view-count[^>]+>\s*([\d,\s]+)', video_webpage,
2256                 'view count', default=None))
2257
2258         average_rating = (
2259             float_or_none(video_details.get('averageRating'))
2260             or try_get(video_info, lambda x: float_or_none(x['avg_rating'][0])))
2261
2262         # subtitles
2263         video_subtitles = self.extract_subtitles(video_id, video_webpage)
2264         automatic_captions = self.extract_automatic_captions(video_id, video_webpage)
2265
2266         video_duration = try_get(
2267             video_info, lambda x: int_or_none(x['length_seconds'][0]))
2268         if not video_duration:
2269             video_duration = int_or_none(video_details.get('lengthSeconds'))
2270         if not video_duration:
2271             video_duration = parse_duration(self._html_search_meta(
2272                 'duration', video_webpage, 'video duration'))
2273
2274         # annotations
2275         video_annotations = None
2276         if self._downloader.params.get('writeannotations', False):
2277             video_annotations = self._extract_annotations(video_id)
2278
2279         chapters = self._extract_chapters(description_original, video_duration)
2280
2281         # Look for the DASH manifest
2282         if self._downloader.params.get('youtube_include_dash_manifest', True):
2283             dash_mpd_fatal = True
2284             for mpd_url in dash_mpds:
2285                 dash_formats = {}
2286                 try:
2287                     def decrypt_sig(mobj):
2288                         s = mobj.group(1)
2289                         dec_s = self._decrypt_signature(s, video_id, player_url, age_gate)
2290                         return '/signature/%s' % dec_s
2291
2292                     mpd_url = re.sub(r'/s/([a-fA-F0-9\.]+)', decrypt_sig, mpd_url)
2293
2294                     for df in self._extract_mpd_formats(
2295                             mpd_url, video_id, fatal=dash_mpd_fatal,
2296                             formats_dict=self._formats):
2297                         if not df.get('filesize'):
2298                             df['filesize'] = _extract_filesize(df['url'])
2299                         # Do not overwrite DASH format found in some previous DASH manifest
2300                         if df['format_id'] not in dash_formats:
2301                             dash_formats[df['format_id']] = df
2302                         # Additional DASH manifests may end up in HTTP Error 403 therefore
2303                         # allow them to fail without bug report message if we already have
2304                         # some DASH manifest succeeded. This is temporary workaround to reduce
2305                         # burst of bug reports until we figure out the reason and whether it
2306                         # can be fixed at all.
2307                         dash_mpd_fatal = False
2308                 except (ExtractorError, KeyError) as e:
2309                     self.report_warning(
2310                         'Skipping DASH manifest: %r' % e, video_id)
2311                 if dash_formats:
2312                     # Remove the formats we found through non-DASH, they
2313                     # contain less info and it can be wrong, because we use
2314                     # fixed values (for example the resolution). See
2315                     # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/5774 for an
2316                     # example.
2317                     formats = [f for f in formats if f['format_id'] not in dash_formats.keys()]
2318                     formats.extend(dash_formats.values())
2319
2320         # Check for malformed aspect ratio
2321         stretched_m = re.search(
2322             r'<meta\s+property="og:video:tag".*?content="yt:stretch=(?P<w>[0-9]+):(?P<h>[0-9]+)">',
2323             video_webpage)
2324         if stretched_m:
2325             w = float(stretched_m.group('w'))
2326             h = float(stretched_m.group('h'))
2327             # yt:stretch may hold invalid ratio data (e.g. for Q39EVAstoRM ratio is 17:0).
2328             # We will only process correct ratios.
2329             if w > 0 and h > 0:
2330                 ratio = w / h
2331                 for f in formats:
2332                     if f.get('vcodec') != 'none':
2333                         f['stretched_ratio'] = ratio
2334
2335         if not formats:
2336             token = extract_token(video_info)
2337             if not token:
2338                 if 'reason' in video_info:
2339                     if 'The uploader has not made this video available in your country.' in video_info['reason']:
2340                         regions_allowed = self._html_search_meta(
2341                             'regionsAllowed', video_webpage, default=None)
2342                         countries = regions_allowed.split(',') if regions_allowed else None
2343                         self.raise_geo_restricted(
2344                             msg=video_info['reason'][0], countries=countries)
2345                     reason = video_info['reason'][0]
2346                     if 'Invalid parameters' in reason:
2347                         unavailable_message = extract_unavailable_message()
2348                         if unavailable_message:
2349                             reason = unavailable_message
2350                     raise ExtractorError(
2351                         'YouTube said: %s' % reason,
2352                         expected=True, video_id=video_id)
2353                 else:
2354                     raise ExtractorError(
2355                         '"token" parameter not in video info for unknown reason',
2356                         video_id=video_id)
2357
2358         if not formats and (video_info.get('license_info') or try_get(player_response, lambda x: x['streamingData']['licenseInfos'])):
2359             raise ExtractorError('This video is DRM protected.', expected=True)
2360
2361         self._sort_formats(formats)
2362
2363         self.mark_watched(video_id, video_info, player_response)
2364
2365         return {
2366             'id': video_id,
2367             'uploader': video_uploader,
2368             'uploader_id': video_uploader_id,
2369             'uploader_url': video_uploader_url,
2370             'channel_id': channel_id,
2371             'channel_url': channel_url,
2372             'upload_date': upload_date,
2373             'license': video_license,
2374             'creator': video_creator or artist,
2375             'title': video_title,
2376             'alt_title': video_alt_title or track,
2377             'thumbnail': video_thumbnail,
2378             'description': video_description,
2379             'categories': video_categories,
2380             'tags': video_tags,
2381             'subtitles': video_subtitles,
2382             'automatic_captions': automatic_captions,
2383             'duration': video_duration,
2384             'age_limit': 18 if age_gate else 0,
2385             'annotations': video_annotations,
2386             'chapters': chapters,
2387             'webpage_url': proto + '://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s' % video_id,
2388             'view_count': view_count,
2389             'like_count': like_count,
2390             'dislike_count': dislike_count,
2391             'average_rating': average_rating,
2392             'formats': formats,
2393             'is_live': is_live,
2394             'start_time': start_time,
2395             'end_time': end_time,
2396             'series': series,
2397             'season_number': season_number,
2398             'episode_number': episode_number,
2399             'track': track,
2400             'artist': artist,
2401             'album': album,
2402             'release_date': release_date,
2403             'release_year': release_year,
2404         }
2405
2406
2407 class YoutubePlaylistIE(YoutubePlaylistBaseInfoExtractor):
2408     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com playlists'
2409     _VALID_URL = r"""(?x)(?:
2410                         (?:https?://)?
2411                         (?:\w+\.)?
2412                         (?:
2413                             (?:
2414                                 youtube\.com|
2415                                 invidio\.us
2416                             )
2417                             /
2418                             (?:
2419                                (?:course|view_play_list|my_playlists|artist|playlist|watch|embed/(?:videoseries|[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}))
2420                                \? (?:.*?[&;])*? (?:p|a|list)=
2421                             |  p/
2422                             )|
2423                             youtu\.be/[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}\?.*?\blist=
2424                         )
2425                         (
2426                             (?:PL|LL|EC|UU|FL|RD|UL|TL|OLAK5uy_)?[0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,}
2427                             # Top tracks, they can also include dots
2428                             |(?:MC)[\w\.]*
2429                         )
2430                         .*
2431                      |
2432                         (%(playlist_id)s)
2433                      )""" % {'playlist_id': YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._PLAYLIST_ID_RE}
2434     _TEMPLATE_URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=%s'
2435     _VIDEO_RE = r'href="\s*/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})&amp;[^"]*?index=(?P<index>\d+)(?:[^>]+>(?P<title>[^<]+))?'
2436     IE_NAME = 'youtube:playlist'
2437     _TESTS = [{
2438         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re',
2439         'info_dict': {
2440             'title': 'ytdl test PL',
2441             'id': 'PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re',
2442         },
2443         'playlist_count': 3,
2444     }, {
2445         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLtPgu7CB4gbZDA7i_euNxn75ISqxwZPYx',
2446         'info_dict': {
2447             'id': 'PLtPgu7CB4gbZDA7i_euNxn75ISqxwZPYx',
2448             'title': 'YDL_Empty_List',
2449         },
2450         'playlist_count': 0,
2451         'skip': 'This playlist is private',
2452     }, {
2453         'note': 'Playlist with deleted videos (#651). As a bonus, the video #51 is also twice in this list.',
2454         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwP_SiAcdui0KVebT0mU9Apz359a4ubsC',
2455         'info_dict': {
2456             'title': '29C3: Not my department',
2457             'id': 'PLwP_SiAcdui0KVebT0mU9Apz359a4ubsC',
2458         },
2459         'playlist_count': 95,
2460     }, {
2461         'note': 'issue #673',
2462         'url': 'PLBB231211A4F62143',
2463         'info_dict': {
2464             'title': '[OLD]Team Fortress 2 (Class-based LP)',
2465             'id': 'PLBB231211A4F62143',
2466         },
2467         'playlist_mincount': 26,
2468     }, {
2469         'note': 'Large playlist',
2470         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUBABnxM4Ar9ten8Mdjj1j0Q',
2471         'info_dict': {
2472             'title': 'Uploads from Cauchemar',
2473             'id': 'UUBABnxM4Ar9ten8Mdjj1j0Q',
2474         },
2475         'playlist_mincount': 799,
2476     }, {
2477         'url': 'PLtPgu7CB4gbY9oDN3drwC3cMbJggS7dKl',
2478         'info_dict': {
2479             'title': 'YDL_safe_search',
2480             'id': 'PLtPgu7CB4gbY9oDN3drwC3cMbJggS7dKl',
2481         },
2482         'playlist_count': 2,
2483         'skip': 'This playlist is private',
2484     }, {
2485         'note': 'embedded',
2486         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/embed/videoseries?list=PL6IaIsEjSbf96XFRuNccS_RuEXwNdsoEu',
2487         'playlist_count': 4,
2488         'info_dict': {
2489             'title': 'JODA15',
2490             'id': 'PL6IaIsEjSbf96XFRuNccS_RuEXwNdsoEu',
2491         }
2492     }, {
2493         'url': 'http://www.youtube.com/embed/_xDOZElKyNU?list=PLsyOSbh5bs16vubvKePAQ1x3PhKavfBIl',
2494         'playlist_mincount': 485,
2495         'info_dict': {
2496             'title': '2017 華語最新單曲 (2/24更新)',
2497             'id': 'PLsyOSbh5bs16vubvKePAQ1x3PhKavfBIl',
2498         }
2499     }, {
2500         'note': 'Embedded SWF player',
2501         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/p/YN5VISEtHet5D4NEvfTd0zcgFk84NqFZ?hl=en_US&fs=1&rel=0',
2502         'playlist_count': 4,
2503         'info_dict': {
2504             'title': 'JODA7',
2505             'id': 'YN5VISEtHet5D4NEvfTd0zcgFk84NqFZ',
2506         }
2507     }, {
2508         'note': 'Buggy playlist: the webpage has a "Load more" button but it doesn\'t have more videos',
2509         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUXw-G3eDE9trcvY2sBMM_aA',
2510         'info_dict': {
2511             'title': 'Uploads from Interstellar Movie',
2512             'id': 'UUXw-G3eDE9trcvY2sBMM_aA',
2513         },
2514         'playlist_mincount': 21,
2515     }, {
2516         # Playlist URL that does not actually serve a playlist
2517         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqZTN594JQw&list=PLMYEtVRpaqY00V9W81Cwmzp6N6vZqfUKD4',
2518         'info_dict': {
2519             'id': 'FqZTN594JQw',
2520             'ext': 'webm',
2521             'title': "Smiley's People 01 detective, Adventure Series, Action",
2522             'uploader': 'STREEM',
2523             'uploader_id': 'UCyPhqAZgwYWZfxElWVbVJng',
2524             'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCyPhqAZgwYWZfxElWVbVJng',
2525             'upload_date': '20150526',
2526             'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
2527             'description': 'md5:507cdcb5a49ac0da37a920ece610be80',
2528             'categories': ['People & Blogs'],
2529             'tags': list,
2530             'view_count': int,
2531             'like_count': int,
2532             'dislike_count': int,
2533         },
2534         'params': {
2535             'skip_download': True,
2536         },
2537         'add_ie': [YoutubeIE.ie_key()],
2538     }, {
2539         'url': 'https://youtu.be/yeWKywCrFtk?list=PL2qgrgXsNUG5ig9cat4ohreBjYLAPC0J5',
2540         'info_dict': {
2541             'id': 'yeWKywCrFtk',
2542             'ext': 'mp4',
2543             'title': 'Small Scale Baler and Braiding Rugs',
2544             'uploader': 'Backus-Page House Museum',
2545             'uploader_id': 'backuspagemuseum',
2546             'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/backuspagemuseum',
2547             'upload_date': '20161008',
2548             'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
2549             'description': 'md5:800c0c78d5eb128500bffd4f0b4f2e8a',
2550             'categories': ['Nonprofits & Activism'],
2551             'tags': list,
2552             'like_count': int,
2553             'dislike_count': int,
2554         },
2555         'params': {
2556             'noplaylist': True,
2557             'skip_download': True,
2558         },
2559     }, {
2560         'url': 'https://youtu.be/uWyaPkt-VOI?list=PL9D9FC436B881BA21',
2561         'only_matching': True,
2562     }, {
2563         'url': 'TLGGrESM50VT6acwMjAyMjAxNw',
2564         'only_matching': True,
2565     }, {
2566         # music album playlist
2567         'url': 'OLAK5uy_m4xAFdmMC5rX3Ji3g93pQe3hqLZw_9LhM',
2568         'only_matching': True,
2569     }, {
2570         'url': 'https://invidio.us/playlist?list=PLDIoUOhQQPlXr63I_vwF9GD8sAKh77dWU',
2571         'only_matching': True,
2572     }]
2573
2574     def _real_initialize(self):
2575         self._login()
2576
2577     def _extract_mix(self, playlist_id):
2578         # The mixes are generated from a single video
2579         # the id of the playlist is just 'RD' + video_id
2580         ids = []
2581         last_id = playlist_id[-11:]
2582         for n in itertools.count(1):
2583             url = 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=%s&list=%s' % (last_id, playlist_id)
2584             webpage = self._download_webpage(
2585                 url, playlist_id, 'Downloading page {0} of Youtube mix'.format(n))
2586             new_ids = orderedSet(re.findall(
2587                 r'''(?xs)data-video-username=".*?".*?
2588                            href="/watch\?v=([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})&amp;[^"]*?list=%s''' % re.escape(playlist_id),
2589                 webpage))
2590             # Fetch new pages until all the videos are repeated, it seems that
2591             # there are always 51 unique videos.
2592             new_ids = [_id for _id in new_ids if _id not in ids]
2593             if not new_ids:
2594                 break
2595             ids.extend(new_ids)
2596             last_id = ids[-1]
2597
2598         url_results = self._ids_to_results(ids)
2599
2600         search_title = lambda class_name: get_element_by_attribute('class', class_name, webpage)
2601         title_span = (
2602             search_title('playlist-title')
2603             or search_title('title long-title')
2604             or search_title('title'))
2605         title = clean_html(title_span)
2606
2607         return self.playlist_result(url_results, playlist_id, title)
2608
2609     def _extract_playlist(self, playlist_id):
2610         url = self._TEMPLATE_URL % playlist_id
2611         page = self._download_webpage(url, playlist_id)
2612
2613         # the yt-alert-message now has tabindex attribute (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/11604)
2614         for match in re.findall(r'<div class="yt-alert-message"[^>]*>([^<]+)</div>', page):
2615             match = match.strip()
2616             # Check if the playlist exists or is private
2617             mobj = re.match(r'[^<]*(?:The|This) playlist (?P<reason>does not exist|is private)[^<]*', match)
2618             if mobj:
2619                 reason = mobj.group('reason')
2620                 message = 'This playlist %s' % reason
2621                 if 'private' in reason:
2622                     message += ', use --username or --netrc to access it'
2623                 message += '.'
2624                 raise ExtractorError(message, expected=True)
2625             elif re.match(r'[^<]*Invalid parameters[^<]*', match):
2626                 raise ExtractorError(
2627                     'Invalid parameters. Maybe URL is incorrect.',
2628                     expected=True)
2629             elif re.match(r'[^<]*Choose your language[^<]*', match):
2630                 continue
2631             else:
2632                 self.report_warning('Youtube gives an alert message: ' + match)
2633
2634         playlist_title = self._html_search_regex(
2635             r'(?s)<h1 class="pl-header-title[^"]*"[^>]*>\s*(.*?)\s*</h1>',
2636             page, 'title', default=None)
2637
2638         _UPLOADER_BASE = r'class=["\']pl-header-details[^>]+>\s*<li>\s*<a[^>]+\bhref='
2639         uploader = self._search_regex(
2640             r'%s["\']/(?:user|channel)/[^>]+>([^<]+)' % _UPLOADER_BASE,
2641             page, 'uploader', default=None)
2642         mobj = re.search(
2643             r'%s(["\'])(?P<path>/(?:user|channel)/(?P<uploader_id>.+?))\1' % _UPLOADER_BASE,
2644             page)
2645         if mobj:
2646             uploader_id = mobj.group('uploader_id')
2647             uploader_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin(url, mobj.group('path'))
2648         else:
2649             uploader_id = uploader_url = None
2650
2651         has_videos = True
2652
2653         if not playlist_title:
2654             try:
2655                 # Some playlist URLs don't actually serve a playlist (e.g.
2656                 # https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqZTN594JQw&list=PLMYEtVRpaqY00V9W81Cwmzp6N6vZqfUKD4)
2657                 next(self._entries(page, playlist_id))
2658             except StopIteration:
2659                 has_videos = False
2660
2661         playlist = self.playlist_result(
2662             self._entries(page, playlist_id), playlist_id, playlist_title)
2663         playlist.update({
2664             'uploader': uploader,
2665             'uploader_id': uploader_id,
2666             'uploader_url': uploader_url,
2667         })
2668
2669         return has_videos, playlist
2670
2671     def _check_download_just_video(self, url, playlist_id):
2672         # Check if it's a video-specific URL
2673         query_dict = compat_urlparse.parse_qs(compat_urlparse.urlparse(url).query)
2674         video_id = query_dict.get('v', [None])[0] or self._search_regex(
2675             r'(?:(?:^|//)youtu\.be/|youtube\.com/embed/(?!videoseries))([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})', url,
2676             'video id', default=None)
2677         if video_id:
2678             if self._downloader.params.get('noplaylist'):
2679                 self.to_screen('Downloading just video %s because of --no-playlist' % video_id)
2680                 return video_id, self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id)
2681             else:
2682                 self.to_screen('Downloading playlist %s - add --no-playlist to just download video %s' % (playlist_id, video_id))
2683                 return video_id, None
2684         return None, None
2685
2686     def _real_extract(self, url):
2687         # Extract playlist id
2688         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
2689         if mobj is None:
2690             raise ExtractorError('Invalid URL: %s' % url)
2691         playlist_id = mobj.group(1) or mobj.group(2)
2692
2693         video_id, video = self._check_download_just_video(url, playlist_id)
2694         if video:
2695             return video
2696
2697         if playlist_id.startswith(('RD', 'UL', 'PU')):
2698             # Mixes require a custom extraction process
2699             return self._extract_mix(playlist_id)
2700
2701         has_videos, playlist = self._extract_playlist(playlist_id)
2702         if has_videos or not video_id:
2703             return playlist
2704
2705         # Some playlist URLs don't actually serve a playlist (see
2706         # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/10537).
2707         # Fallback to plain video extraction if there is a video id
2708         # along with playlist id.
2709         return self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id)
2710
2711
2712 class YoutubeChannelIE(YoutubePlaylistBaseInfoExtractor):
2713     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com channels'
2714     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:youtu\.be|(?:\w+\.)?youtube(?:-nocookie)?\.com|(?:www\.)?invidio\.us)/channel/(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]+)'
2715     _TEMPLATE_URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/%s/videos'
2716     _VIDEO_RE = r'(?:title="(?P<title>[^"]+)"[^>]+)?href="/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]+)&?'
2717     IE_NAME = 'youtube:channel'
2718     _TESTS = [{
2719         'note': 'paginated channel',
2720         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
2721         'playlist_mincount': 91,
2722         'info_dict': {
2723             'id': 'UUKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
2724             'title': 'Uploads from lex will',
2725         }
2726     }, {
2727         'note': 'Age restricted channel',
2728         # from https://www.youtube.com/user/DeusExOfficial
2729         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCs0ifCMCm1icqRbqhUINa0w',
2730         'playlist_mincount': 64,
2731         'info_dict': {
2732             'id': 'UUs0ifCMCm1icqRbqhUINa0w',
2733             'title': 'Uploads from Deus Ex',
2734         },
2735     }, {
2736         'url': 'https://invidio.us/channel/UC23qupoDRn9YOAVzeoxjOQA',
2737         'only_matching': True,
2738     }]
2739
2740     @classmethod
2741     def suitable(cls, url):
2742         return (False if YoutubePlaylistsIE.suitable(url) or YoutubeLiveIE.suitable(url)
2743                 else super(YoutubeChannelIE, cls).suitable(url))
2744
2745     def _build_template_url(self, url, channel_id):
2746         return self._TEMPLATE_URL % channel_id
2747
2748     def _real_extract(self, url):
2749         channel_id = self._match_id(url)
2750
2751         url = self._build_template_url(url, channel_id)
2752
2753         # Channel by page listing is restricted to 35 pages of 30 items, i.e. 1050 videos total (see #5778)
2754         # Workaround by extracting as a playlist if managed to obtain channel playlist URL
2755         # otherwise fallback on channel by page extraction
2756         channel_page = self._download_webpage(
2757             url + '?view=57', channel_id,
2758             'Downloading channel page', fatal=False)
2759         if channel_page is False:
2760             channel_playlist_id = False
2761         else:
2762             channel_playlist_id = self._html_search_meta(
2763                 'channelId', channel_page, 'channel id', default=None)
2764             if not channel_playlist_id:
2765                 channel_url = self._html_search_meta(
2766                     ('al:ios:url', 'twitter:app:url:iphone', 'twitter:app:url:ipad'),
2767                     channel_page, 'channel url', default=None)
2768                 if channel_url:
2769                     channel_playlist_id = self._search_regex(
2770                         r'vnd\.youtube://user/([0-9A-Za-z_-]+)',
2771                         channel_url, 'channel id', default=None)
2772         if channel_playlist_id and channel_playlist_id.startswith('UC'):
2773             playlist_id = 'UU' + channel_playlist_id[2:]
2774             return self.url_result(
2775                 compat_urlparse.urljoin(url, '/playlist?list=%s' % playlist_id), 'YoutubePlaylist')
2776
2777         channel_page = self._download_webpage(url, channel_id, 'Downloading page #1')
2778         autogenerated = re.search(r'''(?x)
2779                 class="[^"]*?(?:
2780                     channel-header-autogenerated-label|
2781                     yt-channel-title-autogenerated
2782                 )[^"]*"''', channel_page) is not None
2783
2784         if autogenerated:
2785             # The videos are contained in a single page
2786             # the ajax pages can't be used, they are empty
2787             entries = [
2788                 self.url_result(
2789                     video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id,
2790                     video_title=video_title)
2791                 for video_id, video_title in self.extract_videos_from_page(channel_page)]
2792             return self.playlist_result(entries, channel_id)
2793
2794         try:
2795             next(self._entries(channel_page, channel_id))
2796         except StopIteration:
2797             alert_message = self._html_search_regex(
2798                 r'(?s)<div[^>]+class=(["\']).*?\byt-alert-message\b.*?\1[^>]*>(?P<alert>[^<]+)</div>',
2799                 channel_page, 'alert', default=None, group='alert')
2800             if alert_message:
2801                 raise ExtractorError('Youtube said: %s' % alert_message, expected=True)
2802
2803         return self.playlist_result(self._entries(channel_page, channel_id), channel_id)
2804
2805
2806 class YoutubeUserIE(YoutubeChannelIE):
2807     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com user videos (URL or "ytuser" keyword)'
2808     _VALID_URL = r'(?:(?:https?://(?:\w+\.)?youtube\.com/(?:(?P<user>user|c)/)?(?!(?:attribution_link|watch|results|shared)(?:$|[^a-z_A-Z0-9-])))|ytuser:)(?!feed/)(?P<id>[A-Za-z0-9_-]+)'
2809     _TEMPLATE_URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/%s/%s/videos'
2810     IE_NAME = 'youtube:user'
2811
2812     _TESTS = [{
2813         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/TheLinuxFoundation',
2814         'playlist_mincount': 320,
2815         'info_dict': {
2816             'id': 'UUfX55Sx5hEFjoC3cNs6mCUQ',
2817             'title': 'Uploads from The Linux Foundation',
2818         }
2819     }, {
2820         # Only available via https://www.youtube.com/c/12minuteathlete/videos
2821         # but not https://www.youtube.com/user/12minuteathlete/videos
2822         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/12minuteathlete/videos',
2823         'playlist_mincount': 249,
2824         'info_dict': {
2825             'id': 'UUVjM-zV6_opMDx7WYxnjZiQ',
2826             'title': 'Uploads from 12 Minute Athlete',
2827         }
2828     }, {
2829         'url': 'ytuser:phihag',
2830         'only_matching': True,
2831     }, {
2832         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/gametrailers',
2833         'only_matching': True,
2834     }, {
2835         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/gametrailers',
2836         'only_matching': True,
2837     }, {
2838         # This channel is not available, geo restricted to JP
2839         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/kananishinoSMEJ/videos',
2840         'only_matching': True,
2841     }]
2842
2843     @classmethod
2844     def suitable(cls, url):
2845         # Don't return True if the url can be extracted with other youtube
2846         # extractor, the regex would is too permissive and it would match.
2847         other_yt_ies = iter(klass for (name, klass) in globals().items() if name.startswith('Youtube') and name.endswith('IE') and klass is not cls)
2848         if any(ie.suitable(url) for ie in other_yt_ies):
2849             return False
2850         else:
2851             return super(YoutubeUserIE, cls).suitable(url)
2852
2853     def _build_template_url(self, url, channel_id):
2854         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
2855         return self._TEMPLATE_URL % (mobj.group('user') or 'user', mobj.group('id'))
2856
2857
2858 class YoutubeLiveIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
2859     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com live streams'
2860     _VALID_URL = r'(?P<base_url>https?://(?:\w+\.)?youtube\.com/(?:(?:user|channel|c)/)?(?P<id>[^/]+))/live'
2861     IE_NAME = 'youtube:live'
2862
2863     _TESTS = [{
2864         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/TheYoungTurks/live',
2865         'info_dict': {
2866             'id': 'a48o2S1cPoo',
2867             'ext': 'mp4',
2868             'title': 'The Young Turks - Live Main Show',
2869             'uploader': 'The Young Turks',
2870             'uploader_id': 'TheYoungTurks',
2871             'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/TheYoungTurks',
2872             'upload_date': '20150715',
2873             'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
2874             'description': 'md5:438179573adcdff3c97ebb1ee632b891',
2875             'categories': ['News & Politics'],
2876             'tags': ['Cenk Uygur (TV Program Creator)', 'The Young Turks (Award-Winning Work)', 'Talk Show (TV Genre)'],
2877             'like_count': int,
2878             'dislike_count': int,
2879         },
2880         'params': {
2881             'skip_download': True,
2882         },
2883     }, {
2884         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1yBKRuGpC1tSM73A0ZjYjQ/live',
2885         'only_matching': True,
2886     }, {
2887         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/CommanderVideoHq/live',
2888         'only_matching': True,
2889     }, {
2890         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/TheYoungTurks/live',
2891         'only_matching': True,
2892     }]
2893
2894     def _real_extract(self, url):
2895         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
2896         channel_id = mobj.group('id')
2897         base_url = mobj.group('base_url')
2898         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, channel_id, fatal=False)
2899         if webpage:
2900             page_type = self._og_search_property(
2901                 'type', webpage, 'page type', default='')
2902             video_id = self._html_search_meta(
2903                 'videoId', webpage, 'video id', default=None)
2904             if page_type.startswith('video') and video_id and re.match(
2905                     r'^[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}$', video_id):
2906                 return self.url_result(video_id, YoutubeIE.ie_key())
2907         return self.url_result(base_url)
2908
2909
2910 class YoutubePlaylistsIE(YoutubePlaylistsBaseInfoExtractor):
2911     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com user/channel playlists'
2912     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:\w+\.)?youtube\.com/(?:user|channel)/(?P<id>[^/]+)/playlists'
2913     IE_NAME = 'youtube:playlists'
2914
2915     _TESTS = [{
2916         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/ThirstForScience/playlists',
2917         'playlist_mincount': 4,
2918         'info_dict': {
2919             'id': 'ThirstForScience',
2920             'title': 'Thirst for Science',
2921         },
2922     }, {
2923         # with "Load more" button
2924         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/igorkle1/playlists?view=1&sort=dd',
2925         'playlist_mincount': 70,
2926         'info_dict': {
2927             'id': 'igorkle1',
2928             'title': 'Игорь Клейнер',
2929         },
2930     }, {
2931         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCiU1dHvZObB2iP6xkJ__Icw/playlists',
2932         'playlist_mincount': 17,
2933         'info_dict': {
2934             'id': 'UCiU1dHvZObB2iP6xkJ__Icw',
2935             'title': 'Chem Player',
2936         },
2937     }]
2938
2939
2940 class YoutubeSearchBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubePlaylistBaseInfoExtractor):
2941     _VIDEO_RE = r'href="\s*/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})(?:[^"]*"[^>]+\btitle="(?P<title>[^"]+))?'
2942
2943
2944 class YoutubeSearchIE(SearchInfoExtractor, YoutubeSearchBaseInfoExtractor):
2945     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com searches'
2946     # there doesn't appear to be a real limit, for example if you search for
2947     # 'python' you get more than 8.000.000 results
2948     _MAX_RESULTS = float('inf')
2949     IE_NAME = 'youtube:search'
2950     _SEARCH_KEY = 'ytsearch'
2951     _EXTRA_QUERY_ARGS = {}
2952     _TESTS = []
2953
2954     def _get_n_results(self, query, n):
2955         """Get a specified number of results for a query"""
2956
2957         videos = []
2958         limit = n
2959
2960         url_query = {
2961             'search_query': query.encode('utf-8'),
2962         }
2963         url_query.update(self._EXTRA_QUERY_ARGS)
2964         result_url = 'https://www.youtube.com/results?' + compat_urllib_parse_urlencode(url_query)
2965
2966         for pagenum in itertools.count(1):
2967             data = self._download_json(
2968                 result_url, video_id='query "%s"' % query,
2969                 note='Downloading page %s' % pagenum,
2970                 errnote='Unable to download API page',
2971                 query={'spf': 'navigate'})
2972             html_content = data[1]['body']['content']
2973
2974             if 'class="search-message' in html_content:
2975                 raise ExtractorError(
2976                     '[youtube] No video results', expected=True)
2977
2978             new_videos = list(self._process_page(html_content))
2979             videos += new_videos
2980             if not new_videos or len(videos) > limit:
2981                 break
2982             next_link = self._html_search_regex(
2983                 r'href="(/results\?[^"]*\bsp=[^"]+)"[^>]*>\s*<span[^>]+class="[^"]*\byt-uix-button-content\b[^"]*"[^>]*>Next',
2984                 html_content, 'next link', default=None)
2985             if next_link is None:
2986                 break
2987             result_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin('https://www.youtube.com/', next_link)
2988
2989         if len(videos) > n:
2990             videos = videos[:n]
2991         return self.playlist_result(videos, query)
2992
2993
2994 class YoutubeSearchDateIE(YoutubeSearchIE):
2995     IE_NAME = YoutubeSearchIE.IE_NAME + ':date'
2996     _SEARCH_KEY = 'ytsearchdate'
2997     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com searches, newest videos first'
2998     _EXTRA_QUERY_ARGS = {'search_sort': 'video_date_uploaded'}
2999
3000
3001 class YoutubeSearchURLIE(YoutubeSearchBaseInfoExtractor):
3002     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com search URLs'
3003     IE_NAME = 'youtube:search_url'
3004     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/results\?(.*?&)?(?:search_query|q)=(?P<query>[^&]+)(?:[&]|$)'
3005     _TESTS = [{
3006         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/results?baz=bar&search_query=youtube-dl+test+video&filters=video&lclk=video',
3007         'playlist_mincount': 5,
3008         'info_dict': {
3009             'title': 'youtube-dl test video',
3010         }
3011     }, {
3012         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/results?q=test&sp=EgQIBBgB',
3013         'only_matching': True,
3014     }]
3015
3016     def _real_extract(self, url):
3017         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
3018         query = compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(mobj.group('query'))
3019         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, query)
3020         return self.playlist_result(self._process_page(webpage), playlist_title=query)
3021
3022
3023 class YoutubeShowIE(YoutubePlaylistsBaseInfoExtractor):
3024     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com (multi-season) shows'
3025     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/show/(?P<id>[^?#]*)'
3026     IE_NAME = 'youtube:show'
3027     _TESTS = [{
3028         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/show/airdisasters',
3029         'playlist_mincount': 5,
3030         'info_dict': {
3031             'id': 'airdisasters',
3032             'title': 'Air Disasters',
3033         }
3034     }]
3035
3036     def _real_extract(self, url):
3037         playlist_id = self._match_id(url)
3038         return super(YoutubeShowIE, self)._real_extract(
3039             'https://www.youtube.com/show/%s/playlists' % playlist_id)
3040
3041
3042 class YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
3043     """
3044     Base class for feed extractors
3045     Subclasses must define the _FEED_NAME and _PLAYLIST_TITLE properties.
3046     """
3047     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = True
3048
3049     @property
3050     def IE_NAME(self):
3051         return 'youtube:%s' % self._FEED_NAME
3052
3053     def _real_initialize(self):
3054         self._login()
3055
3056     def _entries(self, page):
3057         # The extraction process is the same as for playlists, but the regex
3058         # for the video ids doesn't contain an index
3059         ids = []
3060         more_widget_html = content_html = page
3061         for page_num in itertools.count(1):
3062             matches = re.findall(r'href="\s*/watch\?v=([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})', content_html)
3063
3064             # 'recommended' feed has infinite 'load more' and each new portion spins
3065             # the same videos in (sometimes) slightly different order, so we'll check
3066             # for unicity and break when portion has no new videos
3067             new_ids = list(filter(lambda video_id: video_id not in ids, orderedSet(matches)))
3068             if not new_ids:
3069                 break
3070
3071             ids.extend(new_ids)
3072
3073             for entry in self._ids_to_results(new_ids):
3074                 yield entry
3075
3076             mobj = re.search(r'data-uix-load-more-href="/?(?P<more>[^"]+)"', more_widget_html)
3077             if not mobj:
3078                 break
3079
3080             more = self._download_json(
3081                 'https://youtube.com/%s' % mobj.group('more'), self._PLAYLIST_TITLE,
3082                 'Downloading page #%s' % page_num,
3083                 transform_source=uppercase_escape)
3084             content_html = more['content_html']
3085             more_widget_html = more['load_more_widget_html']
3086
3087     def _real_extract(self, url):
3088         page = self._download_webpage(
3089             'https://www.youtube.com/feed/%s' % self._FEED_NAME,
3090             self._PLAYLIST_TITLE)
3091         return self.playlist_result(
3092             self._entries(page), playlist_title=self._PLAYLIST_TITLE)
3093
3094
3095 class YoutubeWatchLaterIE(YoutubePlaylistIE):
3096     IE_NAME = 'youtube:watchlater'
3097     IE_DESC = 'Youtube watch later list, ":ytwatchlater" for short (requires authentication)'
3098     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/(?:feed/watch_later|(?:playlist|watch)\?(?:.+&)?list=WL)|:ytwatchlater'
3099
3100     _TESTS = [{
3101         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=WL',
3102         'only_matching': True,
3103     }, {
3104         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bCNU9TrbiRk&index=1&list=WL',
3105         'only_matching': True,
3106     }]
3107
3108     def _real_extract(self, url):
3109         _, video = self._check_download_just_video(url, 'WL')
3110         if video:
3111             return video
3112         _, playlist = self._extract_playlist('WL')
3113         return playlist
3114
3115
3116 class YoutubeFavouritesIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
3117     IE_NAME = 'youtube:favorites'
3118     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com favourite videos, ":ytfav" for short (requires authentication)'
3119     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/my_favorites|:ytfav(?:ou?rites)?'
3120     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = True
3121
3122     def _real_extract(self, url):
3123         webpage = self._download_webpage('https://www.youtube.com/my_favorites', 'Youtube Favourites videos')
3124         playlist_id = self._search_regex(r'list=(.+?)["&]', webpage, 'favourites playlist id')
3125         return self.url_result(playlist_id, 'YoutubePlaylist')
3126
3127
3128 class YoutubeRecommendedIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
3129     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com recommended videos, ":ytrec" for short (requires authentication)'
3130     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/feed/recommended|:ytrec(?:ommended)?'
3131     _FEED_NAME = 'recommended'
3132     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = 'Youtube Recommended videos'
3133
3134
3135 class YoutubeSubscriptionsIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
3136     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com subscriptions feed, "ytsubs" keyword (requires authentication)'
3137     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/feed/subscriptions|:ytsubs(?:criptions)?'
3138     _FEED_NAME = 'subscriptions'
3139     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = 'Youtube Subscriptions'
3140
3141
3142 class YoutubeHistoryIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
3143     IE_DESC = 'Youtube watch history, ":ythistory" for short (requires authentication)'
3144     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/feed/history|:ythistory'
3145     _FEED_NAME = 'history'
3146     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = 'Youtube History'
3147
3148
3149 class YoutubeTruncatedURLIE(InfoExtractor):
3150     IE_NAME = 'youtube:truncated_url'
3151     IE_DESC = False  # Do not list
3152     _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
3153         (?:https?://)?
3154         (?:\w+\.)?[yY][oO][uU][tT][uU][bB][eE](?:-nocookie)?\.com/
3155         (?:watch\?(?:
3156             feature=[a-z_]+|
3157             annotation_id=annotation_[^&]+|
3158             x-yt-cl=[0-9]+|
3159             hl=[^&]*|
3160             t=[0-9]+
3161         )?
3162         |
3163             attribution_link\?a=[^&]+
3164         )
3165         $
3166     '''
3167
3168     _TESTS = [{
3169         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?annotation_id=annotation_3951667041',
3170         'only_matching': True,
3171     }, {
3172         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?',
3173         'only_matching': True,
3174     }, {
3175         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?x-yt-cl=84503534',
3176         'only_matching': True,
3177     }, {
3178         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=foo',
3179         'only_matching': True,
3180     }, {
3181         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?hl=en-GB',
3182         'only_matching': True,
3183     }, {
3184         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=2372',
3185         'only_matching': True,
3186     }]
3187
3188     def _real_extract(self, url):
3189         raise ExtractorError(
3190             'Did you forget to quote the URL? Remember that & is a meta '
3191             'character in most shells, so you want to put the URL in quotes, '
3192             'like  youtube-dl '
3193             '"https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=foo&v=BaW_jenozKc" '
3194             ' or simply  youtube-dl BaW_jenozKc  .',
3195             expected=True)
3196
3197
3198 class YoutubeTruncatedIDIE(InfoExtractor):
3199     IE_NAME = 'youtube:truncated_id'
3200     IE_DESC = False  # Do not list
3201     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{1,10})$'
3202
3203     _TESTS = [{
3204         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N_708QY7Ob',
3205         'only_matching': True,
3206     }]
3207
3208     def _real_extract(self, url):
3209         video_id = self._match_id(url)
3210         raise ExtractorError(
3211             'Incomplete YouTube ID %s. URL %s looks truncated.' % (video_id, url),
3212             expected=True)