_ Git - youtube-dl/blob - youtube_dl/extractor/youtube.py

   1 # coding: utf-8
   2
   3 from __future__ import unicode_literals
   4
   5
   6 import itertools
   7 import json
   8 import os.path
   9 import random
  10 import re
  11 import time
  12 import traceback
  13
  14 from .common import InfoExtractor, SearchInfoExtractor
  15 from ..jsinterp import JSInterpreter
  16 from ..swfinterp import SWFInterpreter
  17 from ..compat import (
  18     compat_chr,
  19     compat_HTTPError,
  20     compat_kwargs,
  21     compat_parse_qs,
  22     compat_urllib_parse_unquote,
  23     compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus,
  24     compat_urllib_parse_urlencode,
  25     compat_urllib_parse_urlparse,
  26     compat_urlparse,
  27     compat_str,
  28 )
  29 from ..utils import (
  30     clean_html,
  31     dict_get,
  32     error_to_compat_str,
  33     ExtractorError,
  34     float_or_none,
  35     get_element_by_attribute,
  36     get_element_by_id,
  37     int_or_none,
  38     mimetype2ext,
  39     orderedSet,
  40     parse_codecs,
  41     parse_duration,
  42     qualities,
  43     remove_quotes,
  44     remove_start,
  45     smuggle_url,
  46     str_or_none,
  47     str_to_int,
  48     try_get,
  49     unescapeHTML,
  50     unified_strdate,
  51     unsmuggle_url,
  52     uppercase_escape,
  53     url_or_none,
  54     urlencode_postdata,
  55 )
  56
  57
  58 class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
  59     """Provide base functions for Youtube extractors"""
  60     _LOGIN_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin'
  61     _TWOFACTOR_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/signin/challenge'
  62
  63     _LOOKUP_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/sl/lookup'
  64     _CHALLENGE_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/sl/challenge'
  65     _TFA_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/challenge?hl=en&TL={0}'
  66
  67     _NETRC_MACHINE = 'youtube'
  68     # If True it will raise an error if no login info is provided
  69     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = False
  70
  71     _PLAYLIST_ID_RE = r'(?:PL|LL|EC|UU|FL|RD|UL|TL|OLAK5uy_)[0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,}'
  72
  73     def _set_language(self):
  74         self._set_cookie(
  75             '.youtube.com', 'PREF', 'f1=50000000&hl=en',
  76             # YouTube sets the expire time to about two months
  77             expire_time=time.time() + 2 * 30 * 24 * 3600)
  78
  79     def _ids_to_results(self, ids):
  80         return [
  81             self.url_result(vid_id, 'Youtube', video_id=vid_id)
  82             for vid_id in ids]
  83
  84     def _login(self):
  85         """
  86         Attempt to log in to YouTube.
  87         True is returned if successful or skipped.
  88         False is returned if login failed.
  89
  90         If _LOGIN_REQUIRED is set and no authentication was provided, an error is raised.
  91         """
  92         username, password = self._get_login_info()
  93         # No authentication to be performed
  94         if username is None:
  95             if self._LOGIN_REQUIRED and self._downloader.params.get('cookiefile') is None:
  96                 raise ExtractorError('No login info available, needed for using %s.' % self.IE_NAME, expected=True)
  97             return True
  98
  99         login_page = self._download_webpage(
 100             self._LOGIN_URL, None,
 101             note='Downloading login page',
 102             errnote='unable to fetch login page', fatal=False)
 103         if login_page is False:
 104             return
 105
 106         login_form = self._hidden_inputs(login_page)
 107
 108         def req(url, f_req, note, errnote):
 109             data = login_form.copy()
 110             data.update({
 111                 'pstMsg': 1,
 112                 'checkConnection': 'youtube',
 113                 'checkedDomains': 'youtube',
 114                 'hl': 'en',
 115                 'deviceinfo': '[null,null,null,[],null,"US",null,null,[],"GlifWebSignIn",null,[null,null,[]]]',
 116                 'f.req': json.dumps(f_req),
 117                 'flowName': 'GlifWebSignIn',
 118                 'flowEntry': 'ServiceLogin',
 119             })
 120             return self._download_json(
 121                 url, None, note=note, errnote=errnote,
 122                 transform_source=lambda s: re.sub(r'^[^[]*', '', s),
 123                 fatal=False,
 124                 data=urlencode_postdata(data), headers={
 125                     'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8',
 126                     'Google-Accounts-XSRF': 1,
 127                 })
 128
 129         def warn(message):
 130             self._downloader.report_warning(message)
 131
 132         lookup_req = [
 133             username,
 134             None, [], None, 'US', None, None, 2, False, True,
 135             [
 136                 None, None,
 137                 [2, 1, None, 1,
 138                  'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?passive=true&continue=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fsignin%3Fnext%3D%252F%26action_handle_signin%3Dtrue%26hl%3Den%26app%3Ddesktop%26feature%3Dsign_in_button&hl=en&service=youtube&uilel=3&requestPath=%2FServiceLogin&Page=PasswordSeparationSignIn',
 139                  None, [], 4],
 140                 1, [None, None, []], None, None, None, True
 141             ],
 142             username,
 143         ]
 144
 145         lookup_results = req(
 146             self._LOOKUP_URL, lookup_req,
 147             'Looking up account info', 'Unable to look up account info')
 148
 149         if lookup_results is False:
 150             return False
 151
 152         user_hash = try_get(lookup_results, lambda x: x[0][2], compat_str)
 153         if not user_hash:
 154             warn('Unable to extract user hash')
 155             return False
 156
 157         challenge_req = [
 158             user_hash,
 159             None, 1, None, [1, None, None, None, [password, None, True]],
 160             [
 161                 None, None, [2, 1, None, 1, 'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?passive=true&continue=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fsignin%3Fnext%3D%252F%26action_handle_signin%3Dtrue%26hl%3Den%26app%3Ddesktop%26feature%3Dsign_in_button&hl=en&service=youtube&uilel=3&requestPath=%2FServiceLogin&Page=PasswordSeparationSignIn', None, [], 4],
 162                 1, [None, None, []], None, None, None, True
 163             ]]
 164
 165         challenge_results = req(
 166             self._CHALLENGE_URL, challenge_req,
 167             'Logging in', 'Unable to log in')
 168
 169         if challenge_results is False:
 170             return
 171
 172         login_res = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[0][5], list)
 173         if login_res:
 174             login_msg = try_get(login_res, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
 175             warn(
 176                 'Unable to login: %s' % 'Invalid password'
 177                 if login_msg == 'INCORRECT_ANSWER_ENTERED' else login_msg)
 178             return False
 179
 180         res = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[0][-1], list)
 181         if not res:
 182             warn('Unable to extract result entry')
 183             return False
 184
 185         login_challenge = try_get(res, lambda x: x[0][0], list)
 186         if login_challenge:
 187             challenge_str = try_get(login_challenge, lambda x: x[2], compat_str)
 188             if challenge_str == 'TWO_STEP_VERIFICATION':
 189                 # SEND_SUCCESS - TFA code has been successfully sent to phone
 190                 # QUOTA_EXCEEDED - reached the limit of TFA codes
 191                 status = try_get(login_challenge, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
 192                 if status == 'QUOTA_EXCEEDED':
 193                     warn('Exceeded the limit of TFA codes, try later')
 194                     return False
 195
 196                 tl = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[1][2], compat_str)
 197                 if not tl:
 198                     warn('Unable to extract TL')
 199                     return False
 200
 201                 tfa_code = self._get_tfa_info('2-step verification code')
 202
 203                 if not tfa_code:
 204                     warn(
 205                         'Two-factor authentication required. Provide it either interactively or with --twofactor <code>'
 206                         '(Note that only TOTP (Google Authenticator App) codes work at this time.)')
 207                     return False
 208
 209                 tfa_code = remove_start(tfa_code, 'G-')
 210
 211                 tfa_req = [
 212                     user_hash, None, 2, None,
 213                     [
 214                         9, None, None, None, None, None, None, None,
 215                         [None, tfa_code, True, 2]
 216                     ]]
 217
 218                 tfa_results = req(
 219                     self._TFA_URL.format(tl), tfa_req,
 220                     'Submitting TFA code', 'Unable to submit TFA code')
 221
 222                 if tfa_results is False:
 223                     return False
 224
 225                 tfa_res = try_get(tfa_results, lambda x: x[0][5], list)
 226                 if tfa_res:
 227                     tfa_msg = try_get(tfa_res, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
 228                     warn(
 229                         'Unable to finish TFA: %s' % 'Invalid TFA code'
 230                         if tfa_msg == 'INCORRECT_ANSWER_ENTERED' else tfa_msg)
 231                     return False
 232
 233                 check_cookie_url = try_get(
 234                     tfa_results, lambda x: x[0][-1][2], compat_str)
 235             else:
 236                 CHALLENGES = {
 237                     'LOGIN_CHALLENGE': "This device isn't recognized. For your security, Google wants to make sure it's really you.",
 238                     'USERNAME_RECOVERY': 'Please provide additional information to aid in the recovery process.',
 239                     'REAUTH': "There is something unusual about your activity. For your security, Google wants to make sure it's really you.",
 240                 }
 241                 challenge = CHALLENGES.get(
 242                     challenge_str,
 243                     '%s returned error %s.' % (self.IE_NAME, challenge_str))
 244                 warn('%s\nGo to https://accounts.google.com/, login and solve a challenge.' % challenge)
 245                 return False
 246         else:
 247             check_cookie_url = try_get(res, lambda x: x[2], compat_str)
 248
 249         if not check_cookie_url:
 250             warn('Unable to extract CheckCookie URL')
 251             return False
 252
 253         check_cookie_results = self._download_webpage(
 254             check_cookie_url, None, 'Checking cookie', fatal=False)
 255
 256         if check_cookie_results is False:
 257             return False
 258
 259         if 'https://myaccount.google.com/' not in check_cookie_results:
 260             warn('Unable to log in')
 261             return False
 262
 263         return True
 264
 265     def _download_webpage_handle(self, *args, **kwargs):
 266         query = kwargs.get('query', {}).copy()
 267         query['disable_polymer'] = 'true'
 268         kwargs['query'] = query
 269         return super(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, self)._download_webpage_handle(
 270             *args, **compat_kwargs(kwargs))
 271
 272     def _real_initialize(self):
 273         if self._downloader is None:
 274             return
 275         self._set_language()
 276         if not self._login():
 277             return
 278
 279
 280 class YoutubeEntryListBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
 281     # Extract entries from page with "Load more" button
 282     def _entries(self, page, playlist_id):
 283         more_widget_html = content_html = page
 284         for page_num in itertools.count(1):
 285             for entry in self._process_page(content_html):
 286                 yield entry
 287
 288             mobj = re.search(r'data-uix-load-more-href="/?(?P<more>[^"]+)"', more_widget_html)
 289             if not mobj:
 290                 break
 291
 292             count = 0
 293             retries = 3
 294             while count <= retries:
 295                 try:
 296                     # Downloading page may result in intermittent 5xx HTTP error
 297                     # that is usually worked around with a retry
 298                     more = self._download_json(
 299                         'https://youtube.com/%s' % mobj.group('more'), playlist_id,
 300                         'Downloading page #%s%s'
 301                         % (page_num, ' (retry #%d)' % count if count else ''),
 302                         transform_source=uppercase_escape)
 303                     break
 304                 except ExtractorError as e:
 305                     if isinstance(e.cause, compat_HTTPError) and e.cause.code in (500, 503):
 306                         count += 1
 307                         if count <= retries:
 308                             continue
 309                     raise
 310
 311             content_html = more['content_html']
 312             if not content_html.strip():
 313                 # Some webpages show a "Load more" button but they don't
 314                 # have more videos
 315                 break
 316             more_widget_html = more['load_more_widget_html']
 317
 318
 319 class YoutubePlaylistBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeEntryListBaseInfoExtractor):
 320     def _process_page(self, content):
 321         for video_id, video_title in self.extract_videos_from_page(content):
 322             yield self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id, video_title)
 323
 324     def extract_videos_from_page(self, page):
 325         ids_in_page = []
 326         titles_in_page = []
 327         for mobj in re.finditer(self._VIDEO_RE, page):
 328             # The link with index 0 is not the first video of the playlist (not sure if still actual)
 329             if 'index' in mobj.groupdict() and mobj.group('id') == '0':
 330                 continue
 331             video_id = mobj.group('id')
 332             video_title = unescapeHTML(mobj.group('title'))
 333             if video_title:
 334                 video_title = video_title.strip()
 335             try:
 336                 idx = ids_in_page.index(video_id)
 337                 if video_title and not titles_in_page[idx]:
 338                     titles_in_page[idx] = video_title
 339             except ValueError:
 340                 ids_in_page.append(video_id)
 341                 titles_in_page.append(video_title)
 342         return zip(ids_in_page, titles_in_page)
 343
 344
 345 class YoutubePlaylistsBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeEntryListBaseInfoExtractor):
 346     def _process_page(self, content):
 347         for playlist_id in orderedSet(re.findall(
 348                 r'<h3[^>]+class="[^"]*yt-lockup-title[^"]*"[^>]*><a[^>]+href="/?playlist\?list=([0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,})"',
 349                 content)):
 350             yield self.url_result(
 351                 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=%s' % playlist_id, 'YoutubePlaylist')
 352
 353     def _real_extract(self, url):
 354         playlist_id = self._match_id(url)
 355         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, playlist_id)
 356         title = self._og_search_title(webpage, fatal=False)
 357         return self.playlist_result(self._entries(webpage, playlist_id), playlist_id, title)
 358
 359
 360 class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
 361     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com'
 362     _VALID_URL = r"""(?x)^
 363                      (
 364                          (?:https?://|//)                                    # http(s):// or protocol-independent URL
 365                          (?:(?:(?:(?:\w+\.)?[yY][oO][uU][tT][uU][bB][eE](?:-nocookie)?\.com/|
 366                             (?:www\.)?deturl\.com/www\.youtube\.com/|
 367                             (?:www\.)?pwnyoutube\.com/|
 368                             (?:www\.)?hooktube\.com/|
 369                             (?:www\.)?yourepeat\.com/|
 370                             tube\.majestyc\.net/|
 371                             (?:(?:www|dev)\.)?invidio\.us/|
 372                             (?:www\.)?invidiou\.sh/|
 373                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.snopyta\.org/|
 374                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.kabi\.tk/|
 375                             (?:www\.)?vid\.wxzm\.sx/|
 376                             youtube\.googleapis\.com/)                        # the various hostnames, with wildcard subdomains
 377                          (?:.*?\#/)?                                          # handle anchor (#/) redirect urls
 378                          (?:                                                  # the various things that can precede the ID:
 379                              (?:(?:v|embed|e)/(?!videoseries))                # v/ or embed/ or e/
 380                              |(?:                                             # or the v= param in all its forms
 381                                  (?:(?:watch|movie)(?:_popup)?(?:\.php)?/?)?  # preceding watch(_popup|.php) or nothing (like /?v=xxxx)
 382                                  (?:\?|\#!?)                                  # the params delimiter ? or # or #!
 383                                  (?:.*?[&;])??                                # any other preceding param (like /?s=tuff&v=xxxx or ?s=tuff&amp;v=V36LpHqtcDY)
 384                                  v=
 385                              )
 386                          ))
 387                          |(?:
 388                             youtu\.be|                                        # just youtu.be/xxxx
 389                             vid\.plus|                                        # or vid.plus/xxxx
 390                             zwearz\.com/watch|                                # or zwearz.com/watch/xxxx
 391                          )/
 392                          |(?:www\.)?cleanvideosearch\.com/media/action/yt/watch\?videoId=
 393                          )
 394                      )?                                                       # all until now is optional -> you can pass the naked ID
 395                      ([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})                                      # here is it! the YouTube video ID
 396                      (?!.*?\blist=
 397                         (?:
 398                             %(playlist_id)s|                                  # combined list/video URLs are handled by the playlist IE
 399                             WL                                                # WL are handled by the watch later IE
 400                         )
 401                      )
 402                      (?(1).+)?                                                # if we found the ID, everything can follow
 403                      $""" % {'playlist_id': YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._PLAYLIST_ID_RE}
 404     _NEXT_URL_RE = r'[\?&]next_url=([^&]+)'
 405     _formats = {
 406         '5': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 400, 'height': 240, 'acodec': 'mp3', 'abr': 64, 'vcodec': 'h263'},
 407         '6': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 450, 'height': 270, 'acodec': 'mp3', 'abr': 64, 'vcodec': 'h263'},
 408         '13': {'ext': '3gp', 'acodec': 'aac', 'vcodec': 'mp4v'},
 409         '17': {'ext': '3gp', 'width': 176, 'height': 144, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 24, 'vcodec': 'mp4v'},
 410         '18': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 640, 'height': 360, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 96, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 411         '22': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 1280, 'height': 720, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 412         '34': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 640, 'height': 360, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 413         '35': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 414         # itag 36 videos are either 320x180 (BaW_jenozKc) or 320x240 (__2ABJjxzNo), abr varies as well
 415         '36': {'ext': '3gp', 'width': 320, 'acodec': 'aac', 'vcodec': 'mp4v'},
 416         '37': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 1920, 'height': 1080, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 417         '38': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 4096, 'height': 3072, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 418         '43': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 640, 'height': 360, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 419         '44': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 420         '45': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 1280, 'height': 720, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 421         '46': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 1920, 'height': 1080, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 422         '59': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 423         '78': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 424
 425
 426         # 3D videos
 427         '82': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 428         '83': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 429         '84': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 430         '85': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 431         '100': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'vp8', 'preference': -20},
 432         '101': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8', 'preference': -20},
 433         '102': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8', 'preference': -20},
 434
 435         # Apple HTTP Live Streaming
 436         '91': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 437         '92': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 438         '93': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 439         '94': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 440         '95': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 256, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 441         '96': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 256, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 442         '132': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 443         '151': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 72, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 24, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 444
 445         # DASH mp4 video
 446         '133': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 447         '134': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 448         '135': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 449         '136': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 450         '137': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 451         '138': {'ext': 'mp4', 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},  # Height can vary (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4559)
 452         '160': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 453         '212': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 454         '264': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 455         '298': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264', 'fps': 60},
 456         '299': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264', 'fps': 60},
 457         '266': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 458
 459         # Dash mp4 audio
 460         '139': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 461         '140': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 462         '141': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 256, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 463         '256': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 464         '258': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 465         '325': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'dtse', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 466         '328': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'ec-3', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 467
 468         # Dash webm
 469         '167': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'width': 640, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 470         '168': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 471         '169': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'width': 1280, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 472         '170': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'width': 1920, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 473         '218': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 474         '219': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 475         '278': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 476         '242': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 477         '243': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 478         '244': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 479         '245': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 480         '246': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 481         '247': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 482         '248': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 483         '271': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 484         # itag 272 videos are either 3840x2160 (e.g. RtoitU2A-3E) or 7680x4320 (sLprVF6d7Ug)
 485         '272': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 486         '302': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 487         '303': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 488         '308': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 489         '313': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 490         '315': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 491
 492         # Dash webm audio
 493         '171': {'ext': 'webm', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'abr': 128},
 494         '172': {'ext': 'webm', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'abr': 256},
 495
 496         # Dash webm audio with opus inside
 497         '249': {'ext': 'webm', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 50},
 498         '250': {'ext': 'webm', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 70},
 499         '251': {'ext': 'webm', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 160},
 500
 501         # RTMP (unnamed)
 502         '_rtmp': {'protocol': 'rtmp'},
 503     }
 504     _SUBTITLE_FORMATS = ('srv1', 'srv2', 'srv3', 'ttml', 'vtt')
 505
 506     _GEO_BYPASS = False
 507
 508     IE_NAME = 'youtube'
 509     _TESTS = [
 510         {
 511             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc&t=1s&end=9',
 512             'info_dict': {
 513                 'id': 'BaW_jenozKc',
 514                 'ext': 'mp4',
 515                 'title': 'youtube-dl test video "\'/\\ä↭𝕐',
 516                 'uploader': 'Philipp Hagemeister',
 517                 'uploader_id': 'phihag',
 518                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/phihag',
 519                 'channel_id': 'UCLqxVugv74EIW3VWh2NOa3Q',
 520                 'channel_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCLqxVugv74EIW3VWh2NOa3Q',
 521                 'upload_date': '20121002',
 522                 'description': 'test chars:  "\'/\\ä↭𝕐\ntest URL: https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/1892\n\nThis is a test video for youtube-dl.\n\nFor more information, contact phihag@phihag.de .',
 523                 'categories': ['Science & Technology'],
 524                 'tags': ['youtube-dl'],
 525                 'duration': 10,
 526                 'view_count': int,
 527                 'like_count': int,
 528                 'dislike_count': int,
 529                 'start_time': 1,
 530                 'end_time': 9,
 531             }
 532         },
 533         {
 534             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UxxajLWwzqY',
 535             'note': 'Test generic use_cipher_signature video (#897)',
 536             'info_dict': {
 537                 'id': 'UxxajLWwzqY',
 538                 'ext': 'mp4',
 539                 'upload_date': '20120506',
 540                 'title': 'Icona Pop - I Love It (feat. Charli XCX) [OFFICIAL VIDEO]',
 541                 'alt_title': 'I Love It (feat. Charli XCX)',
 542                 'description': 'md5:f3ceb5ef83a08d95b9d146f973157cc8',
 543                 'tags': ['Icona Pop i love it', 'sweden', 'pop music', 'big beat records', 'big beat', 'charli',
 544                          'xcx', 'charli xcx', 'girls', 'hbo', 'i love it', "i don't care", 'icona', 'pop',
 545                          'iconic ep', 'iconic', 'love', 'it'],
 546                 'duration': 180,
 547                 'uploader': 'Icona Pop',
 548                 'uploader_id': 'IconaPop',
 549                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/IconaPop',
 550                 'creator': 'Icona Pop',
 551                 'track': 'I Love It (feat. Charli XCX)',
 552                 'artist': 'Icona Pop',
 553             }
 554         },
 555         {
 556             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=07FYdnEawAQ',
 557             'note': 'Test VEVO video with age protection (#956)',
 558             'info_dict': {
 559                 'id': '07FYdnEawAQ',
 560                 'ext': 'mp4',
 561                 'upload_date': '20130703',
 562                 'title': 'Justin Timberlake - Tunnel Vision (Official Music Video) (Explicit)',
 563                 'alt_title': 'Tunnel Vision',
 564                 'description': 'md5:07dab3356cde4199048e4c7cd93471e1',
 565                 'duration': 419,
 566                 'uploader': 'justintimberlakeVEVO',
 567                 'uploader_id': 'justintimberlakeVEVO',
 568                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/justintimberlakeVEVO',
 569                 'creator': 'Justin Timberlake',
 570                 'track': 'Tunnel Vision',
 571                 'artist': 'Justin Timberlake',
 572                 'age_limit': 18,
 573             }
 574         },
 575         {
 576             'url': '//www.YouTube.com/watch?v=yZIXLfi8CZQ',
 577             'note': 'Embed-only video (#1746)',
 578             'info_dict': {
 579                 'id': 'yZIXLfi8CZQ',
 580                 'ext': 'mp4',
 581                 'upload_date': '20120608',
 582                 'title': 'Principal Sexually Assaults A Teacher - Episode 117 - 8th June 2012',
 583                 'description': 'md5:09b78bd971f1e3e289601dfba15ca4f7',
 584                 'uploader': 'SET India',
 585                 'uploader_id': 'setindia',
 586                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/setindia',
 587                 'age_limit': 18,
 588             }
 589         },
 590         {
 591             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc&v=UxxajLWwzqY',
 592             'note': 'Use the first video ID in the URL',
 593             'info_dict': {
 594                 'id': 'BaW_jenozKc',
 595                 'ext': 'mp4',
 596                 'title': 'youtube-dl test video "\'/\\ä↭𝕐',
 597                 'uploader': 'Philipp Hagemeister',
 598                 'uploader_id': 'phihag',
 599                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/phihag',
 600                 'upload_date': '20121002',
 601                 'description': 'test chars:  "\'/\\ä↭𝕐\ntest URL: https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/1892\n\nThis is a test video for youtube-dl.\n\nFor more information, contact phihag@phihag.de .',
 602                 'categories': ['Science & Technology'],
 603                 'tags': ['youtube-dl'],
 604                 'duration': 10,
 605                 'view_count': int,
 606                 'like_count': int,
 607                 'dislike_count': int,
 608             },
 609             'params': {
 610                 'skip_download': True,
 611             },
 612         },
 613         {
 614             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a9LDPn-MO4I',
 615             'note': '256k DASH audio (format 141) via DASH manifest',
 616             'info_dict': {
 617                 'id': 'a9LDPn-MO4I',
 618                 'ext': 'm4a',
 619                 'upload_date': '20121002',
 620                 'uploader_id': '8KVIDEO',
 621                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/8KVIDEO',
 622                 'description': '',
 623                 'uploader': '8KVIDEO',
 624                 'title': 'UHDTV TEST 8K VIDEO.mp4'
 625             },
 626             'params': {
 627                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 628                 'format': '141',
 629             },
 630             'skip': 'format 141 not served anymore',
 631         },
 632         # DASH manifest with encrypted signature
 633         {
 634             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IB3lcPjvWLA',
 635             'info_dict': {
 636                 'id': 'IB3lcPjvWLA',
 637                 'ext': 'm4a',
 638                 'title': 'Afrojack, Spree Wilson - The Spark (Official Music Video) ft. Spree Wilson',
 639                 'description': 'md5:8f5e2b82460520b619ccac1f509d43bf',
 640                 'duration': 244,
 641                 'uploader': 'AfrojackVEVO',
 642                 'uploader_id': 'AfrojackVEVO',
 643                 'upload_date': '20131011',
 644             },
 645             'params': {
 646                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 647                 'format': '141/bestaudio[ext=m4a]',
 648             },
 649         },
 650         # JS player signature function name containing $
 651         {
 652             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nfWlot6h_JM',
 653             'info_dict': {
 654                 'id': 'nfWlot6h_JM',
 655                 'ext': 'm4a',
 656                 'title': 'Taylor Swift - Shake It Off',
 657                 'description': 'md5:bec2185232c05479482cb5a9b82719bf',
 658                 'duration': 242,
 659                 'uploader': 'TaylorSwiftVEVO',
 660                 'uploader_id': 'TaylorSwiftVEVO',
 661                 'upload_date': '20140818',
 662                 'creator': 'Taylor Swift',
 663             },
 664             'params': {
 665                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 666                 'format': '141/bestaudio[ext=m4a]',
 667             },
 668         },
 669         # Controversy video
 670         {
 671             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T4XJQO3qol8',
 672             'info_dict': {
 673                 'id': 'T4XJQO3qol8',
 674                 'ext': 'mp4',
 675                 'duration': 219,
 676                 'upload_date': '20100909',
 677                 'uploader': 'Amazing Atheist',
 678                 'uploader_id': 'TheAmazingAtheist',
 679                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/TheAmazingAtheist',
 680                 'title': 'Burning Everyone\'s Koran',
 681                 'description': 'SUBSCRIBE: http://www.youtube.com/saturninefilms\n\nEven Obama has taken a stand against freedom on this issue: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/09/09/obama-gma-interview-quran_n_710282.html',
 682             }
 683         },
 684         # Normal age-gate video (No vevo, embed allowed)
 685         {
 686             'url': 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=HtVdAasjOgU',
 687             'info_dict': {
 688                 'id': 'HtVdAasjOgU',
 689                 'ext': 'mp4',
 690                 'title': 'The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt - The Sword Of Destiny Trailer',
 691                 'description': r're:(?s).{100,}About the Game\n.*?The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt.{100,}',
 692                 'duration': 142,
 693                 'uploader': 'The Witcher',
 694                 'uploader_id': 'WitcherGame',
 695                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/WitcherGame',
 696                 'upload_date': '20140605',
 697                 'age_limit': 18,
 698             },
 699         },
 700         # Age-gate video with encrypted signature
 701         {
 702             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6kLq3WMV1nU',
 703             'info_dict': {
 704                 'id': '6kLq3WMV1nU',
 705                 'ext': 'mp4',
 706                 'title': 'Dedication To My Ex (Miss That) (Lyric Video)',
 707                 'description': 'md5:33765bb339e1b47e7e72b5490139bb41',
 708                 'duration': 246,
 709                 'uploader': 'LloydVEVO',
 710                 'uploader_id': 'LloydVEVO',
 711                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/LloydVEVO',
 712                 'upload_date': '20110629',
 713                 'age_limit': 18,
 714             },
 715         },
 716         # video_info is None (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4421)
 717         # YouTube Red ad is not captured for creator
 718         {
 719             'url': '__2ABJjxzNo',
 720             'info_dict': {
 721                 'id': '__2ABJjxzNo',
 722                 'ext': 'mp4',
 723                 'duration': 266,
 724                 'upload_date': '20100430',
 725                 'uploader_id': 'deadmau5',
 726                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/deadmau5',
 727                 'creator': 'deadmau5',
 728                 'description': 'md5:12c56784b8032162bb936a5f76d55360',
 729                 'uploader': 'deadmau5',
 730                 'title': 'Deadmau5 - Some Chords (HD)',
 731                 'alt_title': 'Some Chords',
 732             },
 733             'expected_warnings': [
 734                 'DASH manifest missing',
 735             ]
 736         },
 737         # Olympics (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4431)
 738         {
 739             'url': 'lqQg6PlCWgI',
 740             'info_dict': {
 741                 'id': 'lqQg6PlCWgI',
 742                 'ext': 'mp4',
 743                 'duration': 6085,
 744                 'upload_date': '20150827',
 745                 'uploader_id': 'olympic',
 746                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/olympic',
 747                 'description': 'HO09  - Women -  GER-AUS - Hockey - 31 July 2012 - London 2012 Olympic Games',
 748                 'uploader': 'Olympic',
 749                 'title': 'Hockey - Women -  GER-AUS - London 2012 Olympic Games',
 750             },
 751             'params': {
 752                 'skip_download': 'requires avconv',
 753             }
 754         },
 755         # Non-square pixels
 756         {
 757             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_b-2C3KPAM0',
 758             'info_dict': {
 759                 'id': '_b-2C3KPAM0',
 760                 'ext': 'mp4',
 761                 'stretched_ratio': 16 / 9.,
 762                 'duration': 85,
 763                 'upload_date': '20110310',
 764                 'uploader_id': 'AllenMeow',
 765                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/AllenMeow',
 766                 'description': 'made by Wacom from Korea | 字幕&加油添醋 by TY\'s Allen | 感謝heylisa00cavey1001同學熱情提供梗及翻譯',
 767                 'uploader': '孫ᄋᄅ',
 768                 'title': '[A-made] 變態妍字幕版 太妍 我就是這樣的人',
 769             },
 770         },
 771         # url_encoded_fmt_stream_map is empty string
 772         {
 773             'url': 'qEJwOuvDf7I',
 774             'info_dict': {
 775                 'id': 'qEJwOuvDf7I',
 776                 'ext': 'webm',
 777                 'title': 'Обсуждение судебной практики по выборам 14 сентября 2014 года в Санкт-Петербурге',
 778                 'description': '',
 779                 'upload_date': '20150404',
 780                 'uploader_id': 'spbelect',
 781                 'uploader': 'Наблюдатели Петербурга',
 782             },
 783             'params': {
 784                 'skip_download': 'requires avconv',
 785             },
 786             'skip': 'This live event has ended.',
 787         },
 788         # Extraction from multiple DASH manifests (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/6097)
 789         {
 790             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FIl7x6_3R5Y',
 791             'info_dict': {
 792                 'id': 'FIl7x6_3R5Y',
 793                 'ext': 'webm',
 794                 'title': 'md5:7b81415841e02ecd4313668cde88737a',
 795                 'description': 'md5:116377fd2963b81ec4ce64b542173306',
 796                 'duration': 220,
 797                 'upload_date': '20150625',
 798                 'uploader_id': 'dorappi2000',
 799                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/dorappi2000',
 800                 'uploader': 'dorappi2000',
 801                 'formats': 'mincount:31',
 802             },
 803             'skip': 'not actual anymore',
 804         },
 805         # DASH manifest with segment_list
 806         {
 807             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/embed/CsmdDsKjzN8',
 808             'md5': '8ce563a1d667b599d21064e982ab9e31',
 809             'info_dict': {
 810                 'id': 'CsmdDsKjzN8',
 811                 'ext': 'mp4',
 812                 'upload_date': '20150501',  # According to '<meta itemprop="datePublished"', but in other places it's 20150510
 813                 'uploader': 'Airtek',
 814                 'description': 'Retransmisión en directo de la XVIII media maratón de Zaragoza.',
 815                 'uploader_id': 'UCzTzUmjXxxacNnL8I3m4LnQ',
 816                 'title': 'Retransmisión XVIII Media maratón Zaragoza 2015',
 817             },
 818             'params': {
 819                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 820                 'format': '135',  # bestvideo
 821             },
 822             'skip': 'This live event has ended.',
 823         },
 824         {
 825             # Multifeed videos (multiple cameras), URL is for Main Camera
 826             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jqWvoWXjCVs',
 827             'info_dict': {
 828                 'id': 'jqWvoWXjCVs',
 829                 'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream',
 830                 'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 831             },
 832             'playlist': [{
 833                 'info_dict': {
 834                     'id': 'jqWvoWXjCVs',
 835                     'ext': 'mp4',
 836                     'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream (Main Camera)',
 837                     'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 838                     'duration': 7335,
 839                     'upload_date': '20150721',
 840                     'uploader': 'Beer Games Beer',
 841                     'uploader_id': 'beergamesbeer',
 842                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/beergamesbeer',
 843                     'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
 844                 },
 845             }, {
 846                 'info_dict': {
 847                     'id': '6h8e8xoXJzg',
 848                     'ext': 'mp4',
 849                     'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream (kreestuh)',
 850                     'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 851                     'duration': 7337,
 852                     'upload_date': '20150721',
 853                     'uploader': 'Beer Games Beer',
 854                     'uploader_id': 'beergamesbeer',
 855                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/beergamesbeer',
 856                     'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
 857                 },
 858             }, {
 859                 'info_dict': {
 860                     'id': 'PUOgX5z9xZw',
 861                     'ext': 'mp4',
 862                     'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream (grizzle)',
 863                     'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 864                     'duration': 7337,
 865                     'upload_date': '20150721',
 866                     'uploader': 'Beer Games Beer',
 867                     'uploader_id': 'beergamesbeer',
 868                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/beergamesbeer',
 869                     'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
 870                 },
 871             }, {
 872                 'info_dict': {
 873                     'id': 'teuwxikvS5k',
 874                     'ext': 'mp4',
 875                     'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream (zim)',
 876                     'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 877                     'duration': 7334,
 878                     'upload_date': '20150721',
 879                     'uploader': 'Beer Games Beer',
 880                     'uploader_id': 'beergamesbeer',
 881                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/beergamesbeer',
 882                     'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
 883                 },
 884             }],
 885             'params': {
 886                 'skip_download': True,
 887             },
 888             'skip': 'This video is not available.',
 889         },
 890         {
 891             # Multifeed video with comma in title (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8536)
 892             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gVfLd0zydlo',
 893             'info_dict': {
 894                 'id': 'gVfLd0zydlo',
 895                 'title': 'DevConf.cz 2016 Day 2 Workshops 1 14:00 - 15:30',
 896             },
 897             'playlist_count': 2,
 898             'skip': 'Not multifeed anymore',
 899         },
 900         {
 901             'url': 'https://vid.plus/FlRa-iH7PGw',
 902             'only_matching': True,
 903         },
 904         {
 905             'url': 'https://zwearz.com/watch/9lWxNJF-ufM/electra-woman-dyna-girl-official-trailer-grace-helbig.html',
 906             'only_matching': True,
 907         },
 908         {
 909             # Title with JS-like syntax "};" (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7468)
 910             # Also tests cut-off URL expansion in video description (see
 911             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/1892,
 912             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8164)
 913             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lsguqyKfVQg',
 914             'info_dict': {
 915                 'id': 'lsguqyKfVQg',
 916                 'ext': 'mp4',
 917                 'title': '{dark walk}; Loki/AC/Dishonored; collab w/Elflover21',
 918                 'alt_title': 'Dark Walk - Position Music',
 919                 'description': 'md5:8085699c11dc3f597ce0410b0dcbb34a',
 920                 'duration': 133,
 921                 'upload_date': '20151119',
 922                 'uploader_id': 'IronSoulElf',
 923                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/IronSoulElf',
 924                 'uploader': 'IronSoulElf',
 925                 'creator': 'Todd Haberman,  Daniel Law Heath and Aaron Kaplan',
 926                 'track': 'Dark Walk - Position Music',
 927                 'artist': 'Todd Haberman,  Daniel Law Heath and Aaron Kaplan',
 928                 'album': 'Position Music - Production Music Vol. 143 - Dark Walk',
 929             },
 930             'params': {
 931                 'skip_download': True,
 932             },
 933         },
 934         {
 935             # Tags with '};' (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7468)
 936             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ms7iBXnlUO8',
 937             'only_matching': True,
 938         },
 939         {
 940             # Video with yt:stretch=17:0
 941             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q39EVAstoRM',
 942             'info_dict': {
 943                 'id': 'Q39EVAstoRM',
 944                 'ext': 'mp4',
 945                 'title': 'Clash Of Clans#14 Dicas De Ataque Para CV 4',
 946                 'description': 'md5:ee18a25c350637c8faff806845bddee9',
 947                 'upload_date': '20151107',
 948                 'uploader_id': 'UCCr7TALkRbo3EtFzETQF1LA',
 949                 'uploader': 'CH GAMER DROID',
 950             },
 951             'params': {
 952                 'skip_download': True,
 953             },
 954             'skip': 'This video does not exist.',
 955         },
 956         {
 957             # Video licensed under Creative Commons
 958             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M4gD1WSo5mA',
 959             'info_dict': {
 960                 'id': 'M4gD1WSo5mA',
 961                 'ext': 'mp4',
 962                 'title': 'md5:e41008789470fc2533a3252216f1c1d1',
 963                 'description': 'md5:a677553cf0840649b731a3024aeff4cc',
 964                 'duration': 721,
 965                 'upload_date': '20150127',
 966                 'uploader_id': 'BerkmanCenter',
 967                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/BerkmanCenter',
 968                 'uploader': 'The Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society',
 969                 'license': 'Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed)',
 970             },
 971             'params': {
 972                 'skip_download': True,
 973             },
 974         },
 975         {
 976             # Channel-like uploader_url
 977             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eQcmzGIKrzg',
 978             'info_dict': {
 979                 'id': 'eQcmzGIKrzg',
 980                 'ext': 'mp4',
 981                 'title': 'Democratic Socialism and Foreign Policy | Bernie Sanders',
 982                 'description': 'md5:dda0d780d5a6e120758d1711d062a867',
 983                 'duration': 4060,
 984                 'upload_date': '20151119',
 985                 'uploader': 'Bernie Sanders',
 986                 'uploader_id': 'UCH1dpzjCEiGAt8CXkryhkZg',
 987                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCH1dpzjCEiGAt8CXkryhkZg',
 988                 'license': 'Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed)',
 989             },
 990             'params': {
 991                 'skip_download': True,
 992             },
 993         },
 994         {
 995             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;amp;v=V36LpHqtcDY',
 996             'only_matching': True,
 997         },
 998         {
 999             # YouTube Red paid video (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/10059)
1000             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i1Ko8UG-Tdo',
1001             'only_matching': True,
1002         },
1003         {
1004             # Rental video preview
1005             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yYr8q0y5Jfg',
1006             'info_dict': {
1007                 'id': 'uGpuVWrhIzE',
1008                 'ext': 'mp4',
1009                 'title': 'Piku - Trailer',
1010                 'description': 'md5:c36bd60c3fd6f1954086c083c72092eb',
1011                 'upload_date': '20150811',
1012                 'uploader': 'FlixMatrix',
1013                 'uploader_id': 'FlixMatrixKaravan',
1014                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/FlixMatrixKaravan',
1015                 'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
1016             },
1017             'params': {
1018                 'skip_download': True,
1019             },
1020             'skip': 'This video is not available.',
1021         },
1022         {
1023             # YouTube Red video with episode data
1024             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iqKdEhx-dD4',
1025             'info_dict': {
1026                 'id': 'iqKdEhx-dD4',
1027                 'ext': 'mp4',
1028                 'title': 'Isolation - Mind Field (Ep 1)',
1029                 'description': 'md5:46a29be4ceffa65b92d277b93f463c0f',
1030                 'duration': 2085,
1031                 'upload_date': '20170118',
1032                 'uploader': 'Vsauce',
1033                 'uploader_id': 'Vsauce',
1034                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/Vsauce',
1035                 'series': 'Mind Field',
1036                 'season_number': 1,
1037                 'episode_number': 1,
1038             },
1039             'params': {
1040                 'skip_download': True,
1041             },
1042             'expected_warnings': [
1043                 'Skipping DASH manifest',
1044             ],
1045         },
1046         {
1047             # The following content has been identified by the YouTube community
1048             # as inappropriate or offensive to some audiences.
1049             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6SJNVb0GnPI',
1050             'info_dict': {
1051                 'id': '6SJNVb0GnPI',
1052                 'ext': 'mp4',
1053                 'title': 'Race Differences in Intelligence',
1054                 'description': 'md5:5d161533167390427a1f8ee89a1fc6f1',
1055                 'duration': 965,
1056                 'upload_date': '20140124',
1057                 'uploader': 'New Century Foundation',
1058                 'uploader_id': 'UCEJYpZGqgUob0zVVEaLhvVg',
1059                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCEJYpZGqgUob0zVVEaLhvVg',
1060             },
1061             'params': {
1062                 'skip_download': True,
1063             },
1064         },
1065         {
1066             # itag 212
1067             'url': '1t24XAntNCY',
1068             'only_matching': True,
1069         },
1070         {
1071             # geo restricted to JP
1072             'url': 'sJL6WA-aGkQ',
1073             'only_matching': True,
1074         },
1075         {
1076             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MuAGGZNfUkU&list=RDMM',
1077             'only_matching': True,
1078         },
1079         {
1080             'url': 'https://invidio.us/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc',
1081             'only_matching': True,
1082         },
1083         {
1084             # DRM protected
1085             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s7_qI6_mIXc',
1086             'only_matching': True,
1087         },
1088         {
1089             # Video with unsupported adaptive stream type formats
1090             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z4Vy8R84T1U',
1091             'info_dict': {
1092                 'id': 'Z4Vy8R84T1U',
1093                 'ext': 'mp4',
1094                 'title': 'saman SMAN 53 Jakarta(Sancety) opening COFFEE4th at SMAN 53 Jakarta',
1095                 'description': 'md5:d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e',
1096                 'duration': 433,
1097                 'upload_date': '20130923',
1098                 'uploader': 'Amelia Putri Harwita',
1099                 'uploader_id': 'UCpOxM49HJxmC1qCalXyB3_Q',
1100                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCpOxM49HJxmC1qCalXyB3_Q',
1101                 'formats': 'maxcount:10',
1102             },
1103             'params': {
1104                 'skip_download': True,
1105                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': False,
1106             },
1107         },
1108         {
1109             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1110             'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/watch?v=MgNrAu2pzNs',
1111             'info_dict': {
1112                 'id': 'MgNrAu2pzNs',
1113                 'ext': 'mp4',
1114                 'title': 'Voyeur Girl',
1115                 'description': 'md5:7ae382a65843d6df2685993e90a8628f',
1116                 'upload_date': '20190312',
1117                 'uploader': 'Various Artists - Topic',
1118                 'uploader_id': 'UCVWKBi1ELZn0QX2CBLSkiyw',
1119                 'artist': 'Stephen',
1120                 'track': 'Voyeur Girl',
1121                 'album': 'it\'s too much love to know my dear',
1122                 'release_date': '20190313',
1123                 'release_year': 2019,
1124             },
1125             'params': {
1126                 'skip_download': True,
1127             },
1128         },
1129         {
1130             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1131             # Retrieve 'artist' field from 'Artist:' in video description
1132             # when it is present on youtube music video
1133             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k0jLE7tTwjY',
1134             'info_dict': {
1135                 'id': 'k0jLE7tTwjY',
1136                 'ext': 'mp4',
1137                 'title': 'Latch Feat. Sam Smith',
1138                 'description': 'md5:3cb1e8101a7c85fcba9b4fb41b951335',
1139                 'upload_date': '20150110',
1140                 'uploader': 'Various Artists - Topic',
1141                 'uploader_id': 'UCNkEcmYdjrH4RqtNgh7BZ9w',
1142                 'artist': 'Disclosure',
1143                 'track': 'Latch Feat. Sam Smith',
1144                 'album': 'Latch Featuring Sam Smith',
1145                 'release_date': '20121008',
1146                 'release_year': 2012,
1147             },
1148             'params': {
1149                 'skip_download': True,
1150             },
1151         },
1152         {
1153             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1154             # handle multiple artists on youtube music video
1155             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=74qn0eJSjpA',
1156             'info_dict': {
1157                 'id': '74qn0eJSjpA',
1158                 'ext': 'mp4',
1159                 'title': 'Eastside',
1160                 'description': 'md5:290516bb73dcbfab0dcc4efe6c3de5f2',
1161                 'upload_date': '20180710',
1162                 'uploader': 'Benny Blanco - Topic',
1163                 'uploader_id': 'UCzqz_ksRu_WkIzmivMdIS7A',
1164                 'artist': 'benny blanco, Halsey, Khalid',
1165                 'track': 'Eastside',
1166                 'album': 'Eastside',
1167                 'release_date': '20180713',
1168                 'release_year': 2018,
1169             },
1170             'params': {
1171                 'skip_download': True,
1172             },
1173         },
1174         {
1175             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1176             # handle youtube music video with release_year and no release_date
1177             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-hcAI0g-f5M',
1178             'info_dict': {
1179                 'id': '-hcAI0g-f5M',
1180                 'ext': 'mp4',
1181                 'title': 'Put It On Me',
1182                 'description': 'md5:93c55acc682ae7b0c668f2e34e1c069e',
1183                 'upload_date': '20180426',
1184                 'uploader': 'Matt Maeson - Topic',
1185                 'uploader_id': 'UCnEkIGqtGcQMLk73Kp-Q5LQ',
1186                 'artist': 'Matt Maeson',
1187                 'track': 'Put It On Me',
1188                 'album': 'The Hearse',
1189                 'release_date': None,
1190                 'release_year': 2018,
1191             },
1192             'params': {
1193                 'skip_download': True,
1194             },
1195         },
1196     ]
1197
1198     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
1199         super(YoutubeIE, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
1200         self._player_cache = {}
1201
1202     def report_video_info_webpage_download(self, video_id):
1203         """Report attempt to download video info webpage."""
1204         self.to_screen('%s: Downloading video info webpage' % video_id)
1205
1206     def report_information_extraction(self, video_id):
1207         """Report attempt to extract video information."""
1208         self.to_screen('%s: Extracting video information' % video_id)
1209
1210     def report_unavailable_format(self, video_id, format):
1211         """Report extracted video URL."""
1212         self.to_screen('%s: Format %s not available' % (video_id, format))
1213
1214     def report_rtmp_download(self):
1215         """Indicate the download will use the RTMP protocol."""
1216         self.to_screen('RTMP download detected')
1217
1218     def _signature_cache_id(self, example_sig):
1219         """ Return a string representation of a signature """
1220         return '.'.join(compat_str(len(part)) for part in example_sig.split('.'))
1221
1222     def _extract_signature_function(self, video_id, player_url, example_sig):
1223         id_m = re.match(
1224             r'.*?-(?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)(?:/watch_as3|/html5player(?:-new)?|(?:/[a-z]{2,3}_[A-Z]{2})?/base)?\.(?P<ext>[a-z]+)$',
1225             player_url)
1226         if not id_m:
1227             raise ExtractorError('Cannot identify player %r' % player_url)
1228         player_type = id_m.group('ext')
1229         player_id = id_m.group('id')
1230
1231         # Read from filesystem cache
1232         func_id = '%s_%s_%s' % (
1233             player_type, player_id, self._signature_cache_id(example_sig))
1234         assert os.path.basename(func_id) == func_id
1235
1236         cache_spec = self._downloader.cache.load('youtube-sigfuncs', func_id)
1237         if cache_spec is not None:
1238             return lambda s: ''.join(s[i] for i in cache_spec)
1239
1240         download_note = (
1241             'Downloading player %s' % player_url
1242             if self._downloader.params.get('verbose') else
1243             'Downloading %s player %s' % (player_type, player_id)
1244         )
1245         if player_type == 'js':
1246             code = self._download_webpage(
1247                 player_url, video_id,
1248                 note=download_note,
1249                 errnote='Download of %s failed' % player_url)
1250             res = self._parse_sig_js(code)
1251         elif player_type == 'swf':
1252             urlh = self._request_webpage(
1253                 player_url, video_id,
1254                 note=download_note,
1255                 errnote='Download of %s failed' % player_url)
1256             code = urlh.read()
1257             res = self._parse_sig_swf(code)
1258         else:
1259             assert False, 'Invalid player type %r' % player_type
1260
1261         test_string = ''.join(map(compat_chr, range(len(example_sig))))
1262         cache_res = res(test_string)
1263         cache_spec = [ord(c) for c in cache_res]
1264
1265         self._downloader.cache.store('youtube-sigfuncs', func_id, cache_spec)
1266         return res
1267
1268     def _print_sig_code(self, func, example_sig):
1269         def gen_sig_code(idxs):
1270             def _genslice(start, end, step):
1271                 starts = '' if start == 0 else str(start)
1272                 ends = (':%d' % (end + step)) if end + step >= 0 else ':'
1273                 steps = '' if step == 1 else (':%d' % step)
1274                 return 's[%s%s%s]' % (starts, ends, steps)
1275
1276             step = None
1277             # Quelch pyflakes warnings - start will be set when step is set
1278             start = '(Never used)'
1279             for i, prev in zip(idxs[1:], idxs[:-1]):
1280                 if step is not None:
1281                     if i - prev == step:
1282                         continue
1283                     yield _genslice(start, prev, step)
1284                     step = None
1285                     continue
1286                 if i - prev in [-1, 1]:
1287                     step = i - prev
1288                     start = prev
1289                     continue
1290                 else:
1291                     yield 's[%d]' % prev
1292             if step is None:
1293                 yield 's[%d]' % i
1294             else:
1295                 yield _genslice(start, i, step)
1296
1297         test_string = ''.join(map(compat_chr, range(len(example_sig))))
1298         cache_res = func(test_string)
1299         cache_spec = [ord(c) for c in cache_res]
1300         expr_code = ' + '.join(gen_sig_code(cache_spec))
1301         signature_id_tuple = '(%s)' % (
1302             ', '.join(compat_str(len(p)) for p in example_sig.split('.')))
1303         code = ('if tuple(len(p) for p in s.split(\'.\')) == %s:\n'
1304                 '    return %s\n') % (signature_id_tuple, expr_code)
1305         self.to_screen('Extracted signature function:\n' + code)
1306
1307     def _parse_sig_js(self, jscode):
1308         funcname = self._search_regex(
1309             (r'(["\'])signature\1\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1310              r'\.sig\|\|(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1311              r'yt\.akamaized\.net/\)\s*\|\|\s*.*?\s*c\s*&&\s*d\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?:encodeURIComponent\s*\()?(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1312              r'\bc\s*&&\s*d\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?:encodeURIComponent\s*\()?\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1313              r'\bc\s*&&\s*d\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*\([^)]*\)\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\('),
1314             jscode, 'Initial JS player signature function name', group='sig')
1315
1316         jsi = JSInterpreter(jscode)
1317         initial_function = jsi.extract_function(funcname)
1318         return lambda s: initial_function([s])
1319
1320     def _parse_sig_swf(self, file_contents):
1321         swfi = SWFInterpreter(file_contents)
1322         TARGET_CLASSNAME = 'SignatureDecipher'
1323         searched_class = swfi.extract_class(TARGET_CLASSNAME)
1324         initial_function = swfi.extract_function(searched_class, 'decipher')
1325         return lambda s: initial_function([s])
1326
1327     def _decrypt_signature(self, s, video_id, player_url, age_gate=False):
1328         """Turn the encrypted s field into a working signature"""
1329
1330         if player_url is None:
1331             raise ExtractorError('Cannot decrypt signature without player_url')
1332
1333         if player_url.startswith('//'):
1334             player_url = 'https:' + player_url
1335         elif not re.match(r'https?://', player_url):
1336             player_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin(
1337                 'https://www.youtube.com', player_url)
1338         try:
1339             player_id = (player_url, self._signature_cache_id(s))
1340             if player_id not in self._player_cache:
1341                 func = self._extract_signature_function(
1342                     video_id, player_url, s
1343                 )
1344                 self._player_cache[player_id] = func
1345             func = self._player_cache[player_id]
1346             if self._downloader.params.get('youtube_print_sig_code'):
1347                 self._print_sig_code(func, s)
1348             return func(s)
1349         except Exception as e:
1350             tb = traceback.format_exc()
1351             raise ExtractorError(
1352                 'Signature extraction failed: ' + tb, cause=e)
1353
1354     def _get_subtitles(self, video_id, webpage):
1355         try:
1356             subs_doc = self._download_xml(
1357                 'https://video.google.com/timedtext?hl=en&type=list&v=%s' % video_id,
1358                 video_id, note=False)
1359         except ExtractorError as err:
1360             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to download video subtitles: %s' % error_to_compat_str(err))
1361             return {}
1362
1363         sub_lang_list = {}
1364         for track in subs_doc.findall('track'):
1365             lang = track.attrib['lang_code']
1366             if lang in sub_lang_list:
1367                 continue
1368             sub_formats = []
1369             for ext in self._SUBTITLE_FORMATS:
1370                 params = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
1371                     'lang': lang,
1372                     'v': video_id,
1373                     'fmt': ext,
1374                     'name': track.attrib['name'].encode('utf-8'),
1375                 })
1376                 sub_formats.append({
1377                     'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/api/timedtext?' + params,
1378                     'ext': ext,
1379                 })
1380             sub_lang_list[lang] = sub_formats
1381         if not sub_lang_list:
1382             self._downloader.report_warning('video doesn\'t have subtitles')
1383             return {}
1384         return sub_lang_list
1385
1386     def _get_ytplayer_config(self, video_id, webpage):
1387         patterns = (
1388             # User data may contain arbitrary character sequences that may affect
1389             # JSON extraction with regex, e.g. when '};' is contained the second
1390             # regex won't capture the whole JSON. Yet working around by trying more
1391             # concrete regex first keeping in mind proper quoted string handling
1392             # to be implemented in future that will replace this workaround (see
1393             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7468,
1394             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/7599)
1395             r';ytplayer\.config\s*=\s*({.+?});ytplayer',
1396             r';ytplayer\.config\s*=\s*({.+?});',
1397         )
1398         config = self._search_regex(
1399             patterns, webpage, 'ytplayer.config', default=None)
1400         if config:
1401             return self._parse_json(
1402                 uppercase_escape(config), video_id, fatal=False)
1403
1404     def _get_automatic_captions(self, video_id, webpage):
1405         """We need the webpage for getting the captions url, pass it as an
1406            argument to speed up the process."""
1407         self.to_screen('%s: Looking for automatic captions' % video_id)
1408         player_config = self._get_ytplayer_config(video_id, webpage)
1409         err_msg = 'Couldn\'t find automatic captions for %s' % video_id
1410         if not player_config:
1411             self._downloader.report_warning(err_msg)
1412             return {}
1413         try:
1414             args = player_config['args']
1415             caption_url = args.get('ttsurl')
1416             if caption_url:
1417                 timestamp = args['timestamp']
1418                 # We get the available subtitles
1419                 list_params = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
1420                     'type': 'list',
1421                     'tlangs': 1,
1422                     'asrs': 1,
1423                 })
1424                 list_url = caption_url + '&' + list_params
1425                 caption_list = self._download_xml(list_url, video_id)
1426                 original_lang_node = caption_list.find('track')
1427                 if original_lang_node is None:
1428                     self._downloader.report_warning('Video doesn\'t have automatic captions')
1429                     return {}
1430                 original_lang = original_lang_node.attrib['lang_code']
1431                 caption_kind = original_lang_node.attrib.get('kind', '')
1432
1433                 sub_lang_list = {}
1434                 for lang_node in caption_list.findall('target'):
1435                     sub_lang = lang_node.attrib['lang_code']
1436                     sub_formats = []
1437                     for ext in self._SUBTITLE_FORMATS:
1438                         params = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
1439                             'lang': original_lang,
1440                             'tlang': sub_lang,
1441                             'fmt': ext,
1442                             'ts': timestamp,
1443                             'kind': caption_kind,
1444                         })
1445                         sub_formats.append({
1446                             'url': caption_url + '&' + params,
1447                             'ext': ext,
1448                         })
1449                     sub_lang_list[sub_lang] = sub_formats
1450                 return sub_lang_list
1451
1452             def make_captions(sub_url, sub_langs):
1453                 parsed_sub_url = compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(sub_url)
1454                 caption_qs = compat_parse_qs(parsed_sub_url.query)
1455                 captions = {}
1456                 for sub_lang in sub_langs:
1457                     sub_formats = []
1458                     for ext in self._SUBTITLE_FORMATS:
1459                         caption_qs.update({
1460                             'tlang': [sub_lang],
1461                             'fmt': [ext],
1462                         })
1463                         sub_url = compat_urlparse.urlunparse(parsed_sub_url._replace(
1464                             query=compat_urllib_parse_urlencode(caption_qs, True)))
1465                         sub_formats.append({
1466                             'url': sub_url,
1467                             'ext': ext,
1468                         })
1469                     captions[sub_lang] = sub_formats
1470                 return captions
1471
1472             # New captions format as of 22.06.2017
1473             player_response = args.get('player_response')
1474             if player_response and isinstance(player_response, compat_str):
1475                 player_response = self._parse_json(
1476                     player_response, video_id, fatal=False)
1477                 if player_response:
1478                     renderer = player_response['captions']['playerCaptionsTracklistRenderer']
1479                     base_url = renderer['captionTracks'][0]['baseUrl']
1480                     sub_lang_list = []
1481                     for lang in renderer['translationLanguages']:
1482                         lang_code = lang.get('languageCode')
1483                         if lang_code:
1484                             sub_lang_list.append(lang_code)
1485                     return make_captions(base_url, sub_lang_list)
1486
1487             # Some videos don't provide ttsurl but rather caption_tracks and
1488             # caption_translation_languages (e.g. 20LmZk1hakA)
1489             # Does not used anymore as of 22.06.2017
1490             caption_tracks = args['caption_tracks']
1491             caption_translation_languages = args['caption_translation_languages']
1492             caption_url = compat_parse_qs(caption_tracks.split(',')[0])['u'][0]
1493             sub_lang_list = []
1494             for lang in caption_translation_languages.split(','):
1495                 lang_qs = compat_parse_qs(compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(lang))
1496                 sub_lang = lang_qs.get('lc', [None])[0]
1497                 if sub_lang:
1498                     sub_lang_list.append(sub_lang)
1499             return make_captions(caption_url, sub_lang_list)
1500         # An extractor error can be raise by the download process if there are
1501         # no automatic captions but there are subtitles
1502         except (KeyError, IndexError, ExtractorError):
1503             self._downloader.report_warning(err_msg)
1504             return {}
1505
1506     def _mark_watched(self, video_id, video_info, player_response):
1507         playback_url = url_or_none(try_get(
1508             player_response,
1509             lambda x: x['playbackTracking']['videostatsPlaybackUrl']['baseUrl']) or try_get(
1510             video_info, lambda x: x['videostats_playback_base_url'][0]))
1511         if not playback_url:
1512             return
1513         parsed_playback_url = compat_urlparse.urlparse(playback_url)
1514         qs = compat_urlparse.parse_qs(parsed_playback_url.query)
1515
1516         # cpn generation algorithm is reverse engineered from base.js.
1517         # In fact it works even with dummy cpn.
1518         CPN_ALPHABET = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789-_'
1519         cpn = ''.join((CPN_ALPHABET[random.randint(0, 256) & 63] for _ in range(0, 16)))
1520
1521         qs.update({
1522             'ver': ['2'],
1523             'cpn': [cpn],
1524         })
1525         playback_url = compat_urlparse.urlunparse(
1526             parsed_playback_url._replace(query=compat_urllib_parse_urlencode(qs, True)))
1527
1528         self._download_webpage(
1529             playback_url, video_id, 'Marking watched',
1530             'Unable to mark watched', fatal=False)
1531
1532     @staticmethod
1533     def _extract_urls(webpage):
1534         # Embedded YouTube player
1535         entries = [
1536             unescapeHTML(mobj.group('url'))
1537             for mobj in re.finditer(r'''(?x)
1538             (?:
1539                 <iframe[^>]+?src=|
1540                 data-video-url=|
1541                 <embed[^>]+?src=|
1542                 embedSWF\(?:\s*|
1543                 <object[^>]+data=|
1544                 new\s+SWFObject\(
1545             )
1546             (["\'])
1547                 (?P<url>(?:https?:)?//(?:www\.)?youtube(?:-nocookie)?\.com/
1548                 (?:embed|v|p)/[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}.*?)
1549             \1''', webpage)]
1550
1551         # lazyYT YouTube embed
1552         entries.extend(list(map(
1553             unescapeHTML,
1554             re.findall(r'class="lazyYT" data-youtube-id="([^"]+)"', webpage))))
1555
1556         # Wordpress "YouTube Video Importer" plugin
1557         matches = re.findall(r'''(?x)<div[^>]+
1558             class=(?P<q1>[\'"])[^\'"]*\byvii_single_video_player\b[^\'"]*(?P=q1)[^>]+
1559             data-video_id=(?P<q2>[\'"])([^\'"]+)(?P=q2)''', webpage)
1560         entries.extend(m[-1] for m in matches)
1561
1562         return entries
1563
1564     @staticmethod
1565     def _extract_url(webpage):
1566         urls = YoutubeIE._extract_urls(webpage)
1567         return urls[0] if urls else None
1568
1569     @classmethod
1570     def extract_id(cls, url):
1571         mobj = re.match(cls._VALID_URL, url, re.VERBOSE)
1572         if mobj is None:
1573             raise ExtractorError('Invalid URL: %s' % url)
1574         video_id = mobj.group(2)
1575         return video_id
1576
1577     def _extract_annotations(self, video_id):
1578         url = 'https://www.youtube.com/annotations_invideo?features=1&legacy=1&video_id=%s' % video_id
1579         return self._download_webpage(url, video_id, note='Searching for annotations.', errnote='Unable to download video annotations.')
1580
1581     @staticmethod
1582     def _extract_chapters(description, duration):
1583         if not description:
1584             return None
1585         chapter_lines = re.findall(
1586             r'(?:^|<br\s*/>)([^<]*<a[^>]+onclick=["\']yt\.www\.watch\.player\.seekTo[^>]+>(\d{1,2}:\d{1,2}(?::\d{1,2})?)</a>[^>]*)(?=$|<br\s*/>)',
1587             description)
1588         if not chapter_lines:
1589             return None
1590         chapters = []
1591         for next_num, (chapter_line, time_point) in enumerate(
1592                 chapter_lines, start=1):
1593             start_time = parse_duration(time_point)
1594             if start_time is None:
1595                 continue
1596             if start_time > duration:
1597                 break
1598             end_time = (duration if next_num == len(chapter_lines)
1599                         else parse_duration(chapter_lines[next_num][1]))
1600             if end_time is None:
1601                 continue
1602             if end_time > duration:
1603                 end_time = duration
1604             if start_time > end_time:
1605                 break
1606             chapter_title = re.sub(
1607                 r'<a[^>]+>[^<]+</a>', '', chapter_line).strip(' \t-')
1608             chapter_title = re.sub(r'\s+', ' ', chapter_title)
1609             chapters.append({
1610                 'start_time': start_time,
1611                 'end_time': end_time,
1612                 'title': chapter_title,
1613             })
1614         return chapters
1615
1616     def _real_extract(self, url):
1617         url, smuggled_data = unsmuggle_url(url, {})
1618
1619         proto = (
1620             'http' if self._downloader.params.get('prefer_insecure', False)
1621             else 'https')
1622
1623         start_time = None
1624         end_time = None
1625         parsed_url = compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(url)
1626         for component in [parsed_url.fragment, parsed_url.query]:
1627             query = compat_parse_qs(component)
1628             if start_time is None and 't' in query:
1629                 start_time = parse_duration(query['t'][0])
1630             if start_time is None and 'start' in query:
1631                 start_time = parse_duration(query['start'][0])
1632             if end_time is None and 'end' in query:
1633                 end_time = parse_duration(query['end'][0])
1634
1635         # Extract original video URL from URL with redirection, like age verification, using next_url parameter
1636         mobj = re.search(self._NEXT_URL_RE, url)
1637         if mobj:
1638             url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/' + compat_urllib_parse_unquote(mobj.group(1)).lstrip('/')
1639         video_id = self.extract_id(url)
1640
1641         # Get video webpage
1642         url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s&gl=US&hl=en&has_verified=1&bpctr=9999999999' % video_id
1643         video_webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
1644
1645         # Attempt to extract SWF player URL
1646         mobj = re.search(r'swfConfig.*?"(https?:\\/\\/.*?watch.*?-.*?\.swf)"', video_webpage)
1647         if mobj is not None:
1648             player_url = re.sub(r'\\(.)', r'\1', mobj.group(1))
1649         else:
1650             player_url = None
1651
1652         dash_mpds = []
1653
1654         def add_dash_mpd(video_info):
1655             dash_mpd = video_info.get('dashmpd')
1656             if dash_mpd and dash_mpd[0] not in dash_mpds:
1657                 dash_mpds.append(dash_mpd[0])
1658
1659         def add_dash_mpd_pr(pl_response):
1660             dash_mpd = url_or_none(try_get(
1661                 pl_response, lambda x: x['streamingData']['dashManifestUrl'],
1662                 compat_str))
1663             if dash_mpd and dash_mpd not in dash_mpds:
1664                 dash_mpds.append(dash_mpd)
1665
1666         is_live = None
1667         view_count = None
1668
1669         def extract_view_count(v_info):
1670             return int_or_none(try_get(v_info, lambda x: x['view_count'][0]))
1671
1672         def extract_token(v_info):
1673             return dict_get(v_info, ('account_playback_token', 'accountPlaybackToken', 'token'))
1674
1675         player_response = {}
1676
1677         # Get video info
1678         embed_webpage = None
1679         if re.search(r'player-age-gate-content">', video_webpage) is not None:
1680             age_gate = True
1681             # We simulate the access to the video from www.youtube.com/v/{video_id}
1682             # this can be viewed without login into Youtube
1683             url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/embed/%s' % video_id
1684             embed_webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id, 'Downloading embed webpage')
1685             data = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
1686                 'video_id': video_id,
1687                 'eurl': 'https://youtube.googleapis.com/v/' + video_id,
1688                 'sts': self._search_regex(
1689                     r'"sts"\s*:\s*(\d+)', embed_webpage, 'sts', default=''),
1690             })
1691             video_info_url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/get_video_info?' + data
1692             video_info_webpage = self._download_webpage(
1693                 video_info_url, video_id,
1694                 note='Refetching age-gated info webpage',
1695                 errnote='unable to download video info webpage')
1696             video_info = compat_parse_qs(video_info_webpage)
1697             add_dash_mpd(video_info)
1698         else:
1699             age_gate = False
1700             video_info = None
1701             sts = None
1702             # Try looking directly into the video webpage
1703             ytplayer_config = self._get_ytplayer_config(video_id, video_webpage)
1704             if ytplayer_config:
1705                 args = ytplayer_config['args']
1706                 if args.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map') or args.get('hlsvp'):
1707                     # Convert to the same format returned by compat_parse_qs
1708                     video_info = dict((k, [v]) for k, v in args.items())
1709                     add_dash_mpd(video_info)
1710                 # Rental video is not rented but preview is available (e.g.
1711                 # https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yYr8q0y5Jfg,
1712                 # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/10532)
1713                 if not video_info and args.get('ypc_vid'):
1714                     return self.url_result(
1715                         args['ypc_vid'], YoutubeIE.ie_key(), video_id=args['ypc_vid'])
1716                 if args.get('livestream') == '1' or args.get('live_playback') == 1:
1717                     is_live = True
1718                 sts = ytplayer_config.get('sts')
1719                 if not player_response:
1720                     pl_response = str_or_none(args.get('player_response'))
1721                     if pl_response:
1722                         pl_response = self._parse_json(pl_response, video_id, fatal=False)
1723                         if isinstance(pl_response, dict):
1724                             player_response = pl_response
1725             if not video_info or self._downloader.params.get('youtube_include_dash_manifest', True):
1726                 add_dash_mpd_pr(player_response)
1727                 # We also try looking in get_video_info since it may contain different dashmpd
1728                 # URL that points to a DASH manifest with possibly different itag set (some itags
1729                 # are missing from DASH manifest pointed by webpage's dashmpd, some - from DASH
1730                 # manifest pointed by get_video_info's dashmpd).
1731                 # The general idea is to take a union of itags of both DASH manifests (for example
1732                 # video with such 'manifest behavior' see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/6093)
1733                 self.report_video_info_webpage_download(video_id)
1734                 for el in ('embedded', 'detailpage', 'vevo', ''):
1735                     query = {
1736                         'video_id': video_id,
1737                         'ps': 'default',
1738                         'eurl': '',
1739                         'gl': 'US',
1740                         'hl': 'en',
1741                     }
1742                     if el:
1743                         query['el'] = el
1744                     if sts:
1745                         query['sts'] = sts
1746                     video_info_webpage = self._download_webpage(
1747                         '%s://www.youtube.com/get_video_info' % proto,
1748                         video_id, note=False,
1749                         errnote='unable to download video info webpage',
1750                         fatal=False, query=query)
1751                     if not video_info_webpage:
1752                         continue
1753                     get_video_info = compat_parse_qs(video_info_webpage)
1754                     if not player_response:
1755                         pl_response = get_video_info.get('player_response', [None])[0]
1756                         if isinstance(pl_response, dict):
1757                             player_response = pl_response
1758                             add_dash_mpd_pr(player_response)
1759                     add_dash_mpd(get_video_info)
1760                     if view_count is None:
1761                         view_count = extract_view_count(get_video_info)
1762                     if not video_info:
1763                         video_info = get_video_info
1764                     get_token = extract_token(get_video_info)
1765                     if get_token:
1766                         # Different get_video_info requests may report different results, e.g.
1767                         # some may report video unavailability, but some may serve it without
1768                         # any complaint (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7362,
1769                         # the original webpage as well as el=info and el=embedded get_video_info
1770                         # requests report video unavailability due to geo restriction while
1771                         # el=detailpage succeeds and returns valid data). This is probably
1772                         # due to YouTube measures against IP ranges of hosting providers.
1773                         # Working around by preferring the first succeeded video_info containing
1774                         # the token if no such video_info yet was found.
1775                         token = extract_token(video_info)
1776                         if not token:
1777                             video_info = get_video_info
1778                         break
1779
1780         def extract_unavailable_message():
1781             return self._html_search_regex(
1782                 r'(?s)<h1[^>]+id="unavailable-message"[^>]*>(.+?)</h1>',
1783                 video_webpage, 'unavailable message', default=None)
1784
1785         if not video_info:
1786             unavailable_message = extract_unavailable_message()
1787             if not unavailable_message:
1788                 unavailable_message = 'Unable to extract video data'
1789             raise ExtractorError(
1790                 'YouTube said: %s' % unavailable_message, expected=True, video_id=video_id)
1791
1792         if video_info.get('license_info'):
1793             raise ExtractorError('This video is DRM protected.', expected=True)
1794
1795         video_details = try_get(
1796             player_response, lambda x: x['videoDetails'], dict) or {}
1797
1798         # title
1799         if 'title' in video_info:
1800             video_title = video_info['title'][0]
1801         elif 'title' in player_response:
1802             video_title = video_details['title']
1803         else:
1804             self._downloader.report_warning('Unable to extract video title')
1805             video_title = '_'
1806
1807         # description
1808         description_original = video_description = get_element_by_id("eow-description", video_webpage)
1809         if video_description:
1810
1811             def replace_url(m):
1812                 redir_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin(url, m.group(1))
1813                 parsed_redir_url = compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(redir_url)
1814                 if re.search(r'^(?:www\.)?(?:youtube(?:-nocookie)?\.com|youtu\.be)$', parsed_redir_url.netloc) and parsed_redir_url.path == '/redirect':
1815                     qs = compat_parse_qs(parsed_redir_url.query)
1816                     q = qs.get('q')
1817                     if q and q[0]:
1818                         return q[0]
1819                 return redir_url
1820
1821             description_original = video_description = re.sub(r'''(?x)
1822                 <a\s+
1823                     (?:[a-zA-Z-]+="[^"]*"\s+)*?
1824                     (?:title|href)="([^"]+)"\s+
1825                     (?:[a-zA-Z-]+="[^"]*"\s+)*?
1826                     class="[^"]*"[^>]*>
1827                 [^<]+\.{3}\s*
1828                 </a>
1829             ''', replace_url, video_description)
1830             video_description = clean_html(video_description)
1831         else:
1832             fd_mobj = re.search(r'<meta name="description" content="([^"]+)"', video_webpage)
1833             if fd_mobj:
1834                 video_description = unescapeHTML(fd_mobj.group(1))
1835             else:
1836                 video_description = ''
1837
1838         if not smuggled_data.get('force_singlefeed', False):
1839             if not self._downloader.params.get('noplaylist'):
1840                 multifeed_metadata_list = try_get(
1841                     player_response,
1842                     lambda x: x['multicamera']['playerLegacyMulticameraRenderer']['metadataList'],
1843                     compat_str) or try_get(
1844                     video_info, lambda x: x['multifeed_metadata_list'][0], compat_str)
1845                 if multifeed_metadata_list:
1846                     entries = []
1847                     feed_ids = []
1848                     for feed in multifeed_metadata_list.split(','):
1849                         # Unquote should take place before split on comma (,) since textual
1850                         # fields may contain comma as well (see
1851                         # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8536)
1852                         feed_data = compat_parse_qs(compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(feed))
1853                         entries.append({
1854                             '_type': 'url_transparent',
1855                             'ie_key': 'Youtube',
1856                             'url': smuggle_url(
1857                                 '%s://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s' % (proto, feed_data['id'][0]),
1858                                 {'force_singlefeed': True}),
1859                             'title': '%s (%s)' % (video_title, feed_data['title'][0]),
1860                         })
1861                         feed_ids.append(feed_data['id'][0])
1862                     self.to_screen(
1863                         'Downloading multifeed video (%s) - add --no-playlist to just download video %s'
1864                         % (', '.join(feed_ids), video_id))
1865                     return self.playlist_result(entries, video_id, video_title, video_description)
1866             else:
1867                 self.to_screen('Downloading just video %s because of --no-playlist' % video_id)
1868
1869         if view_count is None:
1870             view_count = extract_view_count(video_info)
1871         if view_count is None and video_details:
1872             view_count = int_or_none(video_details.get('viewCount'))
1873
1874         # Check for "rental" videos
1875         if 'ypc_video_rental_bar_text' in video_info and 'author' not in video_info:
1876             raise ExtractorError('"rental" videos not supported. See https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/359 for more information.', expected=True)
1877
1878         def _extract_filesize(media_url):
1879             return int_or_none(self._search_regex(
1880                 r'\bclen[=/](\d+)', media_url, 'filesize', default=None))
1881
1882         if 'conn' in video_info and video_info['conn'][0].startswith('rtmp'):
1883             self.report_rtmp_download()
1884             formats = [{
1885                 'format_id': '_rtmp',
1886                 'protocol': 'rtmp',
1887                 'url': video_info['conn'][0],
1888                 'player_url': player_url,
1889             }]
1890         elif not is_live and (len(video_info.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map', [''])[0]) >= 1 or len(video_info.get('adaptive_fmts', [''])[0]) >= 1):
1891             encoded_url_map = video_info.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map', [''])[0] + ',' + video_info.get('adaptive_fmts', [''])[0]
1892             if 'rtmpe%3Dyes' in encoded_url_map:
1893                 raise ExtractorError('rtmpe downloads are not supported, see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/343 for more information.', expected=True)
1894             formats_spec = {}
1895             fmt_list = video_info.get('fmt_list', [''])[0]
1896             if fmt_list:
1897                 for fmt in fmt_list.split(','):
1898                     spec = fmt.split('/')
1899                     if len(spec) > 1:
1900                         width_height = spec[1].split('x')
1901                         if len(width_height) == 2:
1902                             formats_spec[spec[0]] = {
1903                                 'resolution': spec[1],
1904                                 'width': int_or_none(width_height[0]),
1905                                 'height': int_or_none(width_height[1]),
1906                             }
1907             q = qualities(['small', 'medium', 'hd720'])
1908             streaming_formats = try_get(player_response, lambda x: x['streamingData']['formats'], list)
1909             if streaming_formats:
1910                 for fmt in streaming_formats:
1911                     itag = str_or_none(fmt.get('itag'))
1912                     if not itag:
1913                         continue
1914                     quality = fmt.get('quality')
1915                     quality_label = fmt.get('qualityLabel') or quality
1916                     formats_spec[itag] = {
1917                         'asr': int_or_none(fmt.get('audioSampleRate')),
1918                         'filesize': int_or_none(fmt.get('contentLength')),
1919                         'format_note': quality_label,
1920                         'fps': int_or_none(fmt.get('fps')),
1921                         'height': int_or_none(fmt.get('height')),
1922                         'quality': q(quality),
1923                         # bitrate for itag 43 is always 2147483647
1924                         'tbr': float_or_none(fmt.get('averageBitrate') or fmt.get('bitrate'), 1000) if itag != '43' else None,
1925                         'width': int_or_none(fmt.get('width')),
1926                     }
1927             formats = []
1928             for url_data_str in encoded_url_map.split(','):
1929                 url_data = compat_parse_qs(url_data_str)
1930                 if 'itag' not in url_data or 'url' not in url_data:
1931                     continue
1932                 stream_type = int_or_none(try_get(url_data, lambda x: x['stream_type'][0]))
1933                 # Unsupported FORMAT_STREAM_TYPE_OTF
1934                 if stream_type == 3:
1935                     continue
1936                 format_id = url_data['itag'][0]
1937                 url = url_data['url'][0]
1938
1939                 if 's' in url_data or self._downloader.params.get('youtube_include_dash_manifest', True):
1940                     ASSETS_RE = r'"assets":.+?"js":\s*("[^"]+")'
1941                     jsplayer_url_json = self._search_regex(
1942                         ASSETS_RE,
1943                         embed_webpage if age_gate else video_webpage,
1944                         'JS player URL (1)', default=None)
1945                     if not jsplayer_url_json and not age_gate:
1946                         # We need the embed website after all
1947                         if embed_webpage is None:
1948                             embed_url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/embed/%s' % video_id
1949                             embed_webpage = self._download_webpage(
1950                                 embed_url, video_id, 'Downloading embed webpage')
1951                         jsplayer_url_json = self._search_regex(
1952                             ASSETS_RE, embed_webpage, 'JS player URL')
1953
1954                     player_url = json.loads(jsplayer_url_json)
1955                     if player_url is None:
1956                         player_url_json = self._search_regex(
1957                             r'ytplayer\.config.*?"url"\s*:\s*("[^"]+")',
1958                             video_webpage, 'age gate player URL')
1959                         player_url = json.loads(player_url_json)
1960
1961                 if 'sig' in url_data:
1962                     url += '&signature=' + url_data['sig'][0]
1963                 elif 's' in url_data:
1964                     encrypted_sig = url_data['s'][0]
1965
1966                     if self._downloader.params.get('verbose'):
1967                         if player_url is None:
1968                             player_version = 'unknown'
1969                             player_desc = 'unknown'
1970                         else:
1971                             if player_url.endswith('swf'):
1972                                 player_version = self._search_regex(
1973                                     r'-(.+?)(?:/watch_as3)?\.swf$', player_url,
1974                                     'flash player', fatal=False)
1975                                 player_desc = 'flash player %s' % player_version
1976                             else:
1977                                 player_version = self._search_regex(
1978                                     [r'html5player-([^/]+?)(?:/html5player(?:-new)?)?\.js',
1979                                      r'(?:www|player(?:_ias)?)-([^/]+)(?:/[a-z]{2,3}_[A-Z]{2})?/base\.js'],
1980                                     player_url,
1981                                     'html5 player', fatal=False)
1982                                 player_desc = 'html5 player %s' % player_version
1983
1984                         parts_sizes = self._signature_cache_id(encrypted_sig)
1985                         self.to_screen('{%s} signature length %s, %s' %
1986                                        (format_id, parts_sizes, player_desc))
1987
1988                     signature = self._decrypt_signature(
1989                         encrypted_sig, video_id, player_url, age_gate)
1990                     url += '&signature=' + signature
1991                 if 'ratebypass' not in url:
1992                     url += '&ratebypass=yes'
1993
1994                 dct = {
1995                     'format_id': format_id,
1996                     'url': url,
1997                     'player_url': player_url,
1998                 }
1999                 if format_id in self._formats:
2000                     dct.update(self._formats[format_id])
2001                 if format_id in formats_spec:
2002                     dct.update(formats_spec[format_id])
2003
2004                 # Some itags are not included in DASH manifest thus corresponding formats will
2005                 # lack metadata (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/5993).
2006                 # Trying to extract metadata from url_encoded_fmt_stream_map entry.
2007                 mobj = re.search(r'^(?P<width>\d+)[xX](?P<height>\d+)$', url_data.get('size', [''])[0])
2008                 width, height = (int(mobj.group('width')), int(mobj.group('height'))) if mobj else (None, None)
2009
2010                 filesize = int_or_none(url_data.get(
2011                     'clen', [None])[0]) or _extract_filesize(url)
2012
2013                 quality = url_data.get('quality', [None])[0]
2014
2015                 more_fields = {
2016                     'filesize': filesize,
2017                     'tbr': float_or_none(url_data.get('bitrate', [None])[0], 1000),
2018                     'width': width,
2019                     'height': height,
2020                     'fps': int_or_none(url_data.get('fps', [None])[0]),
2021                     'format_note': url_data.get('quality_label', [None])[0] or quality,
2022                     'quality': q(quality),
2023                 }
2024                 for key, value in more_fields.items():
2025                     if value:
2026                         dct[key] = value
2027                 type_ = url_data.get('type', [None])[0]
2028                 if type_:
2029                     type_split = type_.split(';')
2030                     kind_ext = type_split[0].split('/')
2031                     if len(kind_ext) == 2:
2032                         kind, _ = kind_ext
2033                         dct['ext'] = mimetype2ext(type_split[0])
2034                         if kind in ('audio', 'video'):
2035                             codecs = None
2036                             for mobj in re.finditer(
2037                                     r'(?P<key>[a-zA-Z_-]+)=(?P<quote>["\']?)(?P<val>.+?)(?P=quote)(?:;|$)', type_):
2038                                 if mobj.group('key') == 'codecs':
2039                                     codecs = mobj.group('val')
2040                                     break
2041                             if codecs:
2042                                 dct.update(parse_codecs(codecs))
2043                 if dct.get('acodec') == 'none' or dct.get('vcodec') == 'none':
2044                     dct['downloader_options'] = {
2045                         # Youtube throttles chunks >~10M
2046                         'http_chunk_size': 10485760,
2047                     }
2048                 formats.append(dct)
2049         else:
2050             manifest_url = (
2051                 url_or_none(try_get(
2052                     player_response,
2053                     lambda x: x['streamingData']['hlsManifestUrl'],
2054                     compat_str)) or
2055                 url_or_none(try_get(
2056                     video_info, lambda x: x['hlsvp'][0], compat_str)))
2057             if manifest_url:
2058                 formats = []
2059                 m3u8_formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
2060                     manifest_url, video_id, 'mp4', fatal=False)
2061                 for a_format in m3u8_formats:
2062                     itag = self._search_regex(
2063                         r'/itag/(\d+)/', a_format['url'], 'itag', default=None)
2064                     if itag:
2065                         a_format['format_id'] = itag
2066                         if itag in self._formats:
2067                             dct = self._formats[itag].copy()
2068                             dct.update(a_format)
2069                             a_format = dct
2070                     a_format['player_url'] = player_url
2071                     # Accept-Encoding header causes failures in live streams on Youtube and Youtube Gaming
2072                     a_format.setdefault('http_headers', {})['Youtubedl-no-compression'] = 'True'
2073                     formats.append(a_format)
2074             else:
2075                 error_message = clean_html(video_info.get('reason', [None])[0])
2076                 if not error_message:
2077                     error_message = extract_unavailable_message()
2078                 if error_message:
2079                     raise ExtractorError(error_message, expected=True)
2080                 raise ExtractorError('no conn, hlsvp, hlsManifestUrl or url_encoded_fmt_stream_map information found in video info')
2081
2082         # uploader
2083         video_uploader = try_get(
2084             video_info, lambda x: x['author'][0],
2085             compat_str) or str_or_none(video_details.get('author'))
2086         if video_uploader:
2087             video_uploader = compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(video_uploader)
2088         else:
2089             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to extract uploader name')
2090
2091         # uploader_id
2092         video_uploader_id = None
2093         video_uploader_url = None
2094         mobj = re.search(
2095             r'<link itemprop="url" href="(?P<uploader_url>https?://www\.youtube\.com/(?:user|channel)/(?P<uploader_id>[^"]+))">',
2096             video_webpage)
2097         if mobj is not None:
2098             video_uploader_id = mobj.group('uploader_id')
2099             video_uploader_url = mobj.group('uploader_url')
2100         else:
2101             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to extract uploader nickname')
2102
2103         channel_id = (
2104             str_or_none(video_details.get('channelId')) or
2105             self._html_search_meta(
2106                 'channelId', video_webpage, 'channel id', default=None) or
2107             self._search_regex(
2108                 r'data-channel-external-id=(["\'])(?P<id>(?:(?!\1).)+)\1',
2109                 video_webpage, 'channel id', default=None, group='id'))
2110         channel_url = 'http://www.youtube.com/channel/%s' % channel_id if channel_id else None
2111
2112         # thumbnail image
2113         # We try first to get a high quality image:
2114         m_thumb = re.search(r'<span itemprop="thumbnail".*?href="(.*?)">',
2115                             video_webpage, re.DOTALL)
2116         if m_thumb is not None:
2117             video_thumbnail = m_thumb.group(1)
2118         elif 'thumbnail_url' not in video_info:
2119             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to extract video thumbnail')
2120             video_thumbnail = None
2121         else:   # don't panic if we can't find it
2122             video_thumbnail = compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(video_info['thumbnail_url'][0])
2123
2124         # upload date
2125         upload_date = self._html_search_meta(
2126             'datePublished', video_webpage, 'upload date', default=None)
2127         if not upload_date:
2128             upload_date = self._search_regex(
2129                 [r'(?s)id="eow-date.*?>(.*?)</span>',
2130                  r'(?:id="watch-uploader-info".*?>.*?|["\']simpleText["\']\s*:\s*["\'])(?:Published|Uploaded|Streamed live|Started) on (.+?)[<"\']'],
2131                 video_webpage, 'upload date', default=None)
2132         upload_date = unified_strdate(upload_date)
2133
2134         video_license = self._html_search_regex(
2135             r'<h4[^>]+class="title"[^>]*>\s*License\s*</h4>\s*<ul[^>]*>\s*<li>(.+?)</li',
2136             video_webpage, 'license', default=None)
2137
2138         m_music = re.search(
2139             r'''(?x)
2140                 <h4[^>]+class="title"[^>]*>\s*Music\s*</h4>\s*
2141                 <ul[^>]*>\s*
2142                 <li>(?P<title>.+?)
2143                 by (?P<creator>.+?)
2144                 (?:
2145                     \(.+?\)|
2146                     <a[^>]*
2147                         (?:
2148                             \bhref=["\']/red[^>]*>|             # drop possible
2149                             >\s*Listen ad-free with YouTube Red # YouTube Red ad
2150                         )
2151                     .*?
2152                 )?</li
2153             ''',
2154             video_webpage)
2155         if m_music:
2156             video_alt_title = remove_quotes(unescapeHTML(m_music.group('title')))
2157             video_creator = clean_html(m_music.group('creator'))
2158         else:
2159             video_alt_title = video_creator = None
2160
2161         def extract_meta(field):
2162             return self._html_search_regex(
2163                 r'<h4[^>]+class="title"[^>]*>\s*%s\s*</h4>\s*<ul[^>]*>\s*<li>(.+?)</li>\s*' % field,
2164                 video_webpage, field, default=None)
2165
2166         track = extract_meta('Song')
2167         artist = extract_meta('Artist')
2168         album = extract_meta('Album')
2169
2170         # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
2171         release_date = release_year = None
2172         if video_description:
2173             mobj = re.search(r'(?s)Provided to YouTube by [^\n]+\n+(?P<track>[^·]+)·(?P<artist>[^\n]+)\n+(?P<album>[^\n]+)(?:.+?℗\s*(?P<release_year>\d{4})(?!\d))?(?:.+?Released on\s*:\s*(?P<release_date>\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}))?(.+?\nArtist\s*:\s*(?P<clean_artist>[^\n]+))?', video_description)
2174             if mobj:
2175                 if not track:
2176                     track = mobj.group('track').strip()
2177                 if not artist:
2178                     artist = mobj.group('clean_artist') or ', '.join(a.strip() for a in mobj.group('artist').split('·'))
2179                 if not album:
2180                     album = mobj.group('album'.strip())
2181                 release_year = mobj.group('release_year')
2182                 release_date = mobj.group('release_date')
2183                 if release_date:
2184                     release_date = release_date.replace('-', '')
2185                     if not release_year:
2186                         release_year = int(release_date[:4])
2187                 if release_year:
2188                     release_year = int(release_year)
2189
2190         m_episode = re.search(
2191             r'<div[^>]+id="watch7-headline"[^>]*>\s*<span[^>]*>.*?>(?P<series>[^<]+)</a></b>\s*S(?P<season>\d+)\s*•\s*E(?P<episode>\d+)</span>',
2192             video_webpage)
2193         if m_episode:
2194             series = unescapeHTML(m_episode.group('series'))
2195             season_number = int(m_episode.group('season'))
2196             episode_number = int(m_episode.group('episode'))
2197         else:
2198             series = season_number = episode_number = None
2199
2200         m_cat_container = self._search_regex(
2201             r'(?s)<h4[^>]*>\s*Category\s*</h4>\s*<ul[^>]*>(.*?)</ul>',
2202             video_webpage, 'categories', default=None)
2203         if m_cat_container:
2204             category = self._html_search_regex(
2205                 r'(?s)<a[^<]+>(.*?)</a>', m_cat_container, 'category',
2206                 default=None)
2207             video_categories = None if category is None else [category]
2208         else:
2209             video_categories = None
2210
2211         video_tags = [
2212             unescapeHTML(m.group('content'))
2213             for m in re.finditer(self._meta_regex('og:video:tag'), video_webpage)]
2214
2215         def _extract_count(count_name):
2216             return str_to_int(self._search_regex(
2217                 r'-%s-button[^>]+><span[^>]+class="yt-uix-button-content"[^>]*>([\d,]+)</span>'
2218                 % re.escape(count_name),
2219                 video_webpage, count_name, default=None))
2220
2221         like_count = _extract_count('like')
2222         dislike_count = _extract_count('dislike')
2223
2224         if view_count is None:
2225             view_count = str_to_int(self._search_regex(
2226                 r'<[^>]+class=["\']watch-view-count[^>]+>\s*([\d,\s]+)', video_webpage,
2227                 'view count', default=None))
2228
2229         # subtitles
2230         video_subtitles = self.extract_subtitles(video_id, video_webpage)
2231         automatic_captions = self.extract_automatic_captions(video_id, video_webpage)
2232
2233         video_duration = try_get(
2234             video_info, lambda x: int_or_none(x['length_seconds'][0]))
2235         if not video_duration:
2236             video_duration = int_or_none(video_details.get('lengthSeconds'))
2237         if not video_duration:
2238             video_duration = parse_duration(self._html_search_meta(
2239                 'duration', video_webpage, 'video duration'))
2240
2241         # annotations
2242         video_annotations = None
2243         if self._downloader.params.get('writeannotations', False):
2244             video_annotations = self._extract_annotations(video_id)
2245
2246         chapters = self._extract_chapters(description_original, video_duration)
2247
2248         # Look for the DASH manifest
2249         if self._downloader.params.get('youtube_include_dash_manifest', True):
2250             dash_mpd_fatal = True
2251             for mpd_url in dash_mpds:
2252                 dash_formats = {}
2253                 try:
2254                     def decrypt_sig(mobj):
2255                         s = mobj.group(1)
2256                         dec_s = self._decrypt_signature(s, video_id, player_url, age_gate)
2257                         return '/signature/%s' % dec_s
2258
2259                     mpd_url = re.sub(r'/s/([a-fA-F0-9\.]+)', decrypt_sig, mpd_url)
2260
2261                     for df in self._extract_mpd_formats(
2262                             mpd_url, video_id, fatal=dash_mpd_fatal,
2263                             formats_dict=self._formats):
2264                         if not df.get('filesize'):
2265                             df['filesize'] = _extract_filesize(df['url'])
2266                         # Do not overwrite DASH format found in some previous DASH manifest
2267                         if df['format_id'] not in dash_formats:
2268                             dash_formats[df['format_id']] = df
2269                         # Additional DASH manifests may end up in HTTP Error 403 therefore
2270                         # allow them to fail without bug report message if we already have
2271                         # some DASH manifest succeeded. This is temporary workaround to reduce
2272                         # burst of bug reports until we figure out the reason and whether it
2273                         # can be fixed at all.
2274                         dash_mpd_fatal = False
2275                 except (ExtractorError, KeyError) as e:
2276                     self.report_warning(
2277                         'Skipping DASH manifest: %r' % e, video_id)
2278                 if dash_formats:
2279                     # Remove the formats we found through non-DASH, they
2280                     # contain less info and it can be wrong, because we use
2281                     # fixed values (for example the resolution). See
2282                     # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/5774 for an
2283                     # example.
2284                     formats = [f for f in formats if f['format_id'] not in dash_formats.keys()]
2285                     formats.extend(dash_formats.values())
2286
2287         # Check for malformed aspect ratio
2288         stretched_m = re.search(
2289             r'<meta\s+property="og:video:tag".*?content="yt:stretch=(?P<w>[0-9]+):(?P<h>[0-9]+)">',
2290             video_webpage)
2291         if stretched_m:
2292             w = float(stretched_m.group('w'))
2293             h = float(stretched_m.group('h'))
2294             # yt:stretch may hold invalid ratio data (e.g. for Q39EVAstoRM ratio is 17:0).
2295             # We will only process correct ratios.
2296             if w > 0 and h > 0:
2297                 ratio = w / h
2298                 for f in formats:
2299                     if f.get('vcodec') != 'none':
2300                         f['stretched_ratio'] = ratio
2301
2302         if not formats:
2303             token = extract_token(video_info)
2304             if not token:
2305                 if 'reason' in video_info:
2306                     if 'The uploader has not made this video available in your country.' in video_info['reason']:
2307                         regions_allowed = self._html_search_meta(
2308                             'regionsAllowed', video_webpage, default=None)
2309                         countries = regions_allowed.split(',') if regions_allowed else None
2310                         self.raise_geo_restricted(
2311                             msg=video_info['reason'][0], countries=countries)
2312                     reason = video_info['reason'][0]
2313                     if 'Invalid parameters' in reason:
2314                         unavailable_message = extract_unavailable_message()
2315                         if unavailable_message:
2316                             reason = unavailable_message
2317                     raise ExtractorError(
2318                         'YouTube said: %s' % reason,
2319                         expected=True, video_id=video_id)
2320                 else:
2321                     raise ExtractorError(
2322                         '"token" parameter not in video info for unknown reason',
2323                         video_id=video_id)
2324
2325         self._sort_formats(formats)
2326
2327         self.mark_watched(video_id, video_info, player_response)
2328
2329         return {
2330             'id': video_id,
2331             'uploader': video_uploader,
2332             'uploader_id': video_uploader_id,
2333             'uploader_url': video_uploader_url,
2334             'channel_id': channel_id,
2335             'channel_url': channel_url,
2336             'upload_date': upload_date,
2337             'license': video_license,
2338             'creator': video_creator or artist,
2339             'title': video_title,
2340             'alt_title': video_alt_title or track,
2341             'thumbnail': video_thumbnail,
2342             'description': video_description,
2343             'categories': video_categories,
2344             'tags': video_tags,
2345             'subtitles': video_subtitles,
2346             'automatic_captions': automatic_captions,
2347             'duration': video_duration,
2348             'age_limit': 18 if age_gate else 0,
2349             'annotations': video_annotations,
2350             'chapters': chapters,
2351             'webpage_url': proto + '://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s' % video_id,
2352             'view_count': view_count,
2353             'like_count': like_count,
2354             'dislike_count': dislike_count,
2355             'average_rating': float_or_none(video_info.get('avg_rating', [None])[0]),
2356             'formats': formats,
2357             'is_live': is_live,
2358             'start_time': start_time,
2359             'end_time': end_time,
2360             'series': series,
2361             'season_number': season_number,
2362             'episode_number': episode_number,
2363             'track': track,
2364             'artist': artist,
2365             'album': album,
2366             'release_date': release_date,
2367             'release_year': release_year,
2368         }
2369
2370
2371 class YoutubePlaylistIE(YoutubePlaylistBaseInfoExtractor):
2372     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com playlists'
2373     _VALID_URL = r"""(?x)(?:
2374                         (?:https?://)?
2375                         (?:\w+\.)?
2376                         (?:
2377                             (?:
2378                                 youtube\.com|
2379                                 invidio\.us
2380                             )
2381                             /
2382                             (?:
2383                                (?:course|view_play_list|my_playlists|artist|playlist|watch|embed/(?:videoseries|[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}))
2384                                \? (?:.*?[&;])*? (?:p|a|list)=
2385                             |  p/
2386                             )|
2387                             youtu\.be/[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}\?.*?\blist=
2388                         )
2389                         (
2390                             (?:PL|LL|EC|UU|FL|RD|UL|TL|OLAK5uy_)?[0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,}
2391                             # Top tracks, they can also include dots
2392                             |(?:MC)[\w\.]*
2393                         )
2394                         .*
2395                      |
2396                         (%(playlist_id)s)
2397                      )""" % {'playlist_id': YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._PLAYLIST_ID_RE}
2398     _TEMPLATE_URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=%s'
2399     _VIDEO_RE = r'href="\s*/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})&amp;[^"]*?index=(?P<index>\d+)(?:[^>]+>(?P<title>[^<]+))?'
2400     IE_NAME = 'youtube:playlist'
2401     _TESTS = [{
2402         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re',
2403         'info_dict': {
2404             'title': 'ytdl test PL',
2405             'id': 'PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re',
2406         },
2407         'playlist_count': 3,
2408     }, {
2409         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLtPgu7CB4gbZDA7i_euNxn75ISqxwZPYx',
2410         'info_dict': {
2411             'id': 'PLtPgu7CB4gbZDA7i_euNxn75ISqxwZPYx',
2412             'title': 'YDL_Empty_List',
2413         },
2414         'playlist_count': 0,
2415         'skip': 'This playlist is private',
2416     }, {
2417         'note': 'Playlist with deleted videos (#651). As a bonus, the video #51 is also twice in this list.',
2418         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwP_SiAcdui0KVebT0mU9Apz359a4ubsC',
2419         'info_dict': {
2420             'title': '29C3: Not my department',
2421             'id': 'PLwP_SiAcdui0KVebT0mU9Apz359a4ubsC',
2422         },
2423         'playlist_count': 95,
2424     }, {
2425         'note': 'issue #673',
2426         'url': 'PLBB231211A4F62143',
2427         'info_dict': {
2428             'title': '[OLD]Team Fortress 2 (Class-based LP)',
2429             'id': 'PLBB231211A4F62143',
2430         },
2431         'playlist_mincount': 26,
2432     }, {
2433         'note': 'Large playlist',
2434         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUBABnxM4Ar9ten8Mdjj1j0Q',
2435         'info_dict': {
2436             'title': 'Uploads from Cauchemar',
2437             'id': 'UUBABnxM4Ar9ten8Mdjj1j0Q',
2438         },
2439         'playlist_mincount': 799,
2440     }, {
2441         'url': 'PLtPgu7CB4gbY9oDN3drwC3cMbJggS7dKl',
2442         'info_dict': {
2443             'title': 'YDL_safe_search',
2444             'id': 'PLtPgu7CB4gbY9oDN3drwC3cMbJggS7dKl',
2445         },
2446         'playlist_count': 2,
2447         'skip': 'This playlist is private',
2448     }, {
2449         'note': 'embedded',
2450         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/embed/videoseries?list=PL6IaIsEjSbf96XFRuNccS_RuEXwNdsoEu',
2451         'playlist_count': 4,
2452         'info_dict': {
2453             'title': 'JODA15',
2454             'id': 'PL6IaIsEjSbf96XFRuNccS_RuEXwNdsoEu',
2455         }
2456     }, {
2457         'url': 'http://www.youtube.com/embed/_xDOZElKyNU?list=PLsyOSbh5bs16vubvKePAQ1x3PhKavfBIl',
2458         'playlist_mincount': 485,
2459         'info_dict': {
2460             'title': '2017 華語最新單曲 (2/24更新)',
2461             'id': 'PLsyOSbh5bs16vubvKePAQ1x3PhKavfBIl',
2462         }
2463     }, {
2464         'note': 'Embedded SWF player',
2465         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/p/YN5VISEtHet5D4NEvfTd0zcgFk84NqFZ?hl=en_US&fs=1&rel=0',
2466         'playlist_count': 4,
2467         'info_dict': {
2468             'title': 'JODA7',
2469             'id': 'YN5VISEtHet5D4NEvfTd0zcgFk84NqFZ',
2470         }
2471     }, {
2472         'note': 'Buggy playlist: the webpage has a "Load more" button but it doesn\'t have more videos',
2473         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUXw-G3eDE9trcvY2sBMM_aA',
2474         'info_dict': {
2475             'title': 'Uploads from Interstellar Movie',
2476             'id': 'UUXw-G3eDE9trcvY2sBMM_aA',
2477         },
2478         'playlist_mincount': 21,
2479     }, {
2480         # Playlist URL that does not actually serve a playlist
2481         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqZTN594JQw&list=PLMYEtVRpaqY00V9W81Cwmzp6N6vZqfUKD4',
2482         'info_dict': {
2483             'id': 'FqZTN594JQw',
2484             'ext': 'webm',
2485             'title': "Smiley's People 01 detective, Adventure Series, Action",
2486             'uploader': 'STREEM',
2487             'uploader_id': 'UCyPhqAZgwYWZfxElWVbVJng',
2488             'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCyPhqAZgwYWZfxElWVbVJng',
2489             'upload_date': '20150526',
2490             'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
2491             'description': 'md5:507cdcb5a49ac0da37a920ece610be80',
2492             'categories': ['People & Blogs'],
2493             'tags': list,
2494             'view_count': int,
2495             'like_count': int,
2496             'dislike_count': int,
2497         },
2498         'params': {
2499             'skip_download': True,
2500         },
2501         'add_ie': [YoutubeIE.ie_key()],
2502     }, {
2503         'url': 'https://youtu.be/yeWKywCrFtk?list=PL2qgrgXsNUG5ig9cat4ohreBjYLAPC0J5',
2504         'info_dict': {
2505             'id': 'yeWKywCrFtk',
2506             'ext': 'mp4',
2507             'title': 'Small Scale Baler and Braiding Rugs',
2508             'uploader': 'Backus-Page House Museum',
2509             'uploader_id': 'backuspagemuseum',
2510             'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/backuspagemuseum',
2511             'upload_date': '20161008',
2512             'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
2513             'description': 'md5:800c0c78d5eb128500bffd4f0b4f2e8a',
2514             'categories': ['Nonprofits & Activism'],
2515             'tags': list,
2516             'like_count': int,
2517             'dislike_count': int,
2518         },
2519         'params': {
2520             'noplaylist': True,
2521             'skip_download': True,
2522         },
2523     }, {
2524         'url': 'https://youtu.be/uWyaPkt-VOI?list=PL9D9FC436B881BA21',
2525         'only_matching': True,
2526     }, {
2527         'url': 'TLGGrESM50VT6acwMjAyMjAxNw',
2528         'only_matching': True,
2529     }, {
2530         # music album playlist
2531         'url': 'OLAK5uy_m4xAFdmMC5rX3Ji3g93pQe3hqLZw_9LhM',
2532         'only_matching': True,
2533     }, {
2534         'url': 'https://invidio.us/playlist?list=PLDIoUOhQQPlXr63I_vwF9GD8sAKh77dWU',
2535         'only_matching': True,
2536     }]
2537
2538     def _real_initialize(self):
2539         self._login()
2540
2541     def _extract_mix(self, playlist_id):
2542         # The mixes are generated from a single video
2543         # the id of the playlist is just 'RD' + video_id
2544         ids = []
2545         last_id = playlist_id[-11:]
2546         for n in itertools.count(1):
2547             url = 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=%s&list=%s' % (last_id, playlist_id)
2548             webpage = self._download_webpage(
2549                 url, playlist_id, 'Downloading page {0} of Youtube mix'.format(n))
2550             new_ids = orderedSet(re.findall(
2551                 r'''(?xs)data-video-username=".*?".*?
2552                            href="/watch\?v=([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})&amp;[^"]*?list=%s''' % re.escape(playlist_id),
2553                 webpage))
2554             # Fetch new pages until all the videos are repeated, it seems that
2555             # there are always 51 unique videos.
2556             new_ids = [_id for _id in new_ids if _id not in ids]
2557             if not new_ids:
2558                 break
2559             ids.extend(new_ids)
2560             last_id = ids[-1]
2561
2562         url_results = self._ids_to_results(ids)
2563
2564         search_title = lambda class_name: get_element_by_attribute('class', class_name, webpage)
2565         title_span = (
2566             search_title('playlist-title') or
2567             search_title('title long-title') or
2568             search_title('title'))
2569         title = clean_html(title_span)
2570
2571         return self.playlist_result(url_results, playlist_id, title)
2572
2573     def _extract_playlist(self, playlist_id):
2574         url = self._TEMPLATE_URL % playlist_id
2575         page = self._download_webpage(url, playlist_id)
2576
2577         # the yt-alert-message now has tabindex attribute (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/11604)
2578         for match in re.findall(r'<div class="yt-alert-message"[^>]*>([^<]+)</div>', page):
2579             match = match.strip()
2580             # Check if the playlist exists or is private
2581             mobj = re.match(r'[^<]*(?:The|This) playlist (?P<reason>does not exist|is private)[^<]*', match)
2582             if mobj:
2583                 reason = mobj.group('reason')
2584                 message = 'This playlist %s' % reason
2585                 if 'private' in reason:
2586                     message += ', use --username or --netrc to access it'
2587                 message += '.'
2588                 raise ExtractorError(message, expected=True)
2589             elif re.match(r'[^<]*Invalid parameters[^<]*', match):
2590                 raise ExtractorError(
2591                     'Invalid parameters. Maybe URL is incorrect.',
2592                     expected=True)
2593             elif re.match(r'[^<]*Choose your language[^<]*', match):
2594                 continue
2595             else:
2596                 self.report_warning('Youtube gives an alert message: ' + match)
2597
2598         playlist_title = self._html_search_regex(
2599             r'(?s)<h1 class="pl-header-title[^"]*"[^>]*>\s*(.*?)\s*</h1>',
2600             page, 'title', default=None)
2601
2602         _UPLOADER_BASE = r'class=["\']pl-header-details[^>]+>\s*<li>\s*<a[^>]+\bhref='
2603         uploader = self._search_regex(
2604             r'%s["\']/(?:user|channel)/[^>]+>([^<]+)' % _UPLOADER_BASE,
2605             page, 'uploader', default=None)
2606         mobj = re.search(
2607             r'%s(["\'])(?P<path>/(?:user|channel)/(?P<uploader_id>.+?))\1' % _UPLOADER_BASE,
2608             page)
2609         if mobj:
2610             uploader_id = mobj.group('uploader_id')
2611             uploader_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin(url, mobj.group('path'))
2612         else:
2613             uploader_id = uploader_url = None
2614
2615         has_videos = True
2616
2617         if not playlist_title:
2618             try:
2619                 # Some playlist URLs don't actually serve a playlist (e.g.
2620                 # https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqZTN594JQw&list=PLMYEtVRpaqY00V9W81Cwmzp6N6vZqfUKD4)
2621                 next(self._entries(page, playlist_id))
2622             except StopIteration:
2623                 has_videos = False
2624
2625         playlist = self.playlist_result(
2626             self._entries(page, playlist_id), playlist_id, playlist_title)
2627         playlist.update({
2628             'uploader': uploader,
2629             'uploader_id': uploader_id,
2630             'uploader_url': uploader_url,
2631         })
2632
2633         return has_videos, playlist
2634
2635     def _check_download_just_video(self, url, playlist_id):
2636         # Check if it's a video-specific URL
2637         query_dict = compat_urlparse.parse_qs(compat_urlparse.urlparse(url).query)
2638         video_id = query_dict.get('v', [None])[0] or self._search_regex(
2639             r'(?:(?:^|//)youtu\.be/|youtube\.com/embed/(?!videoseries))([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})', url,
2640             'video id', default=None)
2641         if video_id:
2642             if self._downloader.params.get('noplaylist'):
2643                 self.to_screen('Downloading just video %s because of --no-playlist' % video_id)
2644                 return video_id, self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id)
2645             else:
2646                 self.to_screen('Downloading playlist %s - add --no-playlist to just download video %s' % (playlist_id, video_id))
2647                 return video_id, None
2648         return None, None
2649
2650     def _real_extract(self, url):
2651         # Extract playlist id
2652         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
2653         if mobj is None:
2654             raise ExtractorError('Invalid URL: %s' % url)
2655         playlist_id = mobj.group(1) or mobj.group(2)
2656
2657         video_id, video = self._check_download_just_video(url, playlist_id)
2658         if video:
2659             return video
2660
2661         if playlist_id.startswith(('RD', 'UL', 'PU')):
2662             # Mixes require a custom extraction process
2663             return self._extract_mix(playlist_id)
2664
2665         has_videos, playlist = self._extract_playlist(playlist_id)
2666         if has_videos or not video_id:
2667             return playlist
2668
2669         # Some playlist URLs don't actually serve a playlist (see
2670         # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/10537).
2671         # Fallback to plain video extraction if there is a video id
2672         # along with playlist id.
2673         return self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id)
2674
2675
2676 class YoutubeChannelIE(YoutubePlaylistBaseInfoExtractor):
2677     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com channels'
2678     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:youtu\.be|(?:\w+\.)?youtube(?:-nocookie)?\.com|(?:www\.)?invidio\.us)/channel/(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]+)'
2679     _TEMPLATE_URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/%s/videos'
2680     _VIDEO_RE = r'(?:title="(?P<title>[^"]+)"[^>]+)?href="/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]+)&?'
2681     IE_NAME = 'youtube:channel'
2682     _TESTS = [{
2683         'note': 'paginated channel',
2684         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
2685         'playlist_mincount': 91,
2686         'info_dict': {
2687             'id': 'UUKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
2688             'title': 'Uploads from lex will',
2689         }
2690     }, {
2691         'note': 'Age restricted channel',
2692         # from https://www.youtube.com/user/DeusExOfficial
2693         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCs0ifCMCm1icqRbqhUINa0w',
2694         'playlist_mincount': 64,
2695         'info_dict': {
2696             'id': 'UUs0ifCMCm1icqRbqhUINa0w',
2697             'title': 'Uploads from Deus Ex',
2698         },
2699     }, {
2700         'url': 'https://invidio.us/channel/UC23qupoDRn9YOAVzeoxjOQA',
2701         'only_matching': True,
2702     }]
2703
2704     @classmethod
2705     def suitable(cls, url):
2706         return (False if YoutubePlaylistsIE.suitable(url) or YoutubeLiveIE.suitable(url)
2707                 else super(YoutubeChannelIE, cls).suitable(url))
2708
2709     def _build_template_url(self, url, channel_id):
2710         return self._TEMPLATE_URL % channel_id
2711
2712     def _real_extract(self, url):
2713         channel_id = self._match_id(url)
2714
2715         url = self._build_template_url(url, channel_id)
2716
2717         # Channel by page listing is restricted to 35 pages of 30 items, i.e. 1050 videos total (see #5778)
2718         # Workaround by extracting as a playlist if managed to obtain channel playlist URL
2719         # otherwise fallback on channel by page extraction
2720         channel_page = self._download_webpage(
2721             url + '?view=57', channel_id,
2722             'Downloading channel page', fatal=False)
2723         if channel_page is False:
2724             channel_playlist_id = False
2725         else:
2726             channel_playlist_id = self._html_search_meta(
2727                 'channelId', channel_page, 'channel id', default=None)
2728             if not channel_playlist_id:
2729                 channel_url = self._html_search_meta(
2730                     ('al:ios:url', 'twitter:app:url:iphone', 'twitter:app:url:ipad'),
2731                     channel_page, 'channel url', default=None)
2732                 if channel_url:
2733                     channel_playlist_id = self._search_regex(
2734                         r'vnd\.youtube://user/([0-9A-Za-z_-]+)',
2735                         channel_url, 'channel id', default=None)
2736         if channel_playlist_id and channel_playlist_id.startswith('UC'):
2737             playlist_id = 'UU' + channel_playlist_id[2:]
2738             return self.url_result(
2739                 compat_urlparse.urljoin(url, '/playlist?list=%s' % playlist_id), 'YoutubePlaylist')
2740
2741         channel_page = self._download_webpage(url, channel_id, 'Downloading page #1')
2742         autogenerated = re.search(r'''(?x)
2743                 class="[^"]*?(?:
2744                     channel-header-autogenerated-label|
2745                     yt-channel-title-autogenerated
2746                 )[^"]*"''', channel_page) is not None
2747
2748         if autogenerated:
2749             # The videos are contained in a single page
2750             # the ajax pages can't be used, they are empty
2751             entries = [
2752                 self.url_result(
2753                     video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id,
2754                     video_title=video_title)
2755                 for video_id, video_title in self.extract_videos_from_page(channel_page)]
2756             return self.playlist_result(entries, channel_id)
2757
2758         try:
2759             next(self._entries(channel_page, channel_id))
2760         except StopIteration:
2761             alert_message = self._html_search_regex(
2762                 r'(?s)<div[^>]+class=(["\']).*?\byt-alert-message\b.*?\1[^>]*>(?P<alert>[^<]+)</div>',
2763                 channel_page, 'alert', default=None, group='alert')
2764             if alert_message:
2765                 raise ExtractorError('Youtube said: %s' % alert_message, expected=True)
2766
2767         return self.playlist_result(self._entries(channel_page, channel_id), channel_id)
2768
2769
2770 class YoutubeUserIE(YoutubeChannelIE):
2771     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com user videos (URL or "ytuser" keyword)'
2772     _VALID_URL = r'(?:(?:https?://(?:\w+\.)?youtube\.com/(?:(?P<user>user|c)/)?(?!(?:attribution_link|watch|results|shared)(?:$|[^a-z_A-Z0-9-])))|ytuser:)(?!feed/)(?P<id>[A-Za-z0-9_-]+)'
2773     _TEMPLATE_URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/%s/%s/videos'
2774     IE_NAME = 'youtube:user'
2775
2776     _TESTS = [{
2777         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/TheLinuxFoundation',
2778         'playlist_mincount': 320,
2779         'info_dict': {
2780             'id': 'UUfX55Sx5hEFjoC3cNs6mCUQ',
2781             'title': 'Uploads from The Linux Foundation',
2782         }
2783     }, {
2784         # Only available via https://www.youtube.com/c/12minuteathlete/videos
2785         # but not https://www.youtube.com/user/12minuteathlete/videos
2786         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/12minuteathlete/videos',
2787         'playlist_mincount': 249,
2788         'info_dict': {
2789             'id': 'UUVjM-zV6_opMDx7WYxnjZiQ',
2790             'title': 'Uploads from 12 Minute Athlete',
2791         }
2792     }, {
2793         'url': 'ytuser:phihag',
2794         'only_matching': True,
2795     }, {
2796         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/gametrailers',
2797         'only_matching': True,
2798     }, {
2799         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/gametrailers',
2800         'only_matching': True,
2801     }, {
2802         # This channel is not available, geo restricted to JP
2803         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/kananishinoSMEJ/videos',
2804         'only_matching': True,
2805     }]
2806
2807     @classmethod
2808     def suitable(cls, url):
2809         # Don't return True if the url can be extracted with other youtube
2810         # extractor, the regex would is too permissive and it would match.
2811         other_yt_ies = iter(klass for (name, klass) in globals().items() if name.startswith('Youtube') and name.endswith('IE') and klass is not cls)
2812         if any(ie.suitable(url) for ie in other_yt_ies):
2813             return False
2814         else:
2815             return super(YoutubeUserIE, cls).suitable(url)
2816
2817     def _build_template_url(self, url, channel_id):
2818         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
2819         return self._TEMPLATE_URL % (mobj.group('user') or 'user', mobj.group('id'))
2820
2821
2822 class YoutubeLiveIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
2823     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com live streams'
2824     _VALID_URL = r'(?P<base_url>https?://(?:\w+\.)?youtube\.com/(?:(?:user|channel|c)/)?(?P<id>[^/]+))/live'
2825     IE_NAME = 'youtube:live'
2826
2827     _TESTS = [{
2828         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/TheYoungTurks/live',
2829         'info_dict': {
2830             'id': 'a48o2S1cPoo',
2831             'ext': 'mp4',
2832             'title': 'The Young Turks - Live Main Show',
2833             'uploader': 'The Young Turks',
2834             'uploader_id': 'TheYoungTurks',
2835             'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/TheYoungTurks',
2836             'upload_date': '20150715',
2837             'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
2838             'description': 'md5:438179573adcdff3c97ebb1ee632b891',
2839             'categories': ['News & Politics'],
2840             'tags': ['Cenk Uygur (TV Program Creator)', 'The Young Turks (Award-Winning Work)', 'Talk Show (TV Genre)'],
2841             'like_count': int,
2842             'dislike_count': int,
2843         },
2844         'params': {
2845             'skip_download': True,
2846         },
2847     }, {
2848         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1yBKRuGpC1tSM73A0ZjYjQ/live',
2849         'only_matching': True,
2850     }, {
2851         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/CommanderVideoHq/live',
2852         'only_matching': True,
2853     }, {
2854         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/TheYoungTurks/live',
2855         'only_matching': True,
2856     }]
2857
2858     def _real_extract(self, url):
2859         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
2860         channel_id = mobj.group('id')
2861         base_url = mobj.group('base_url')
2862         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, channel_id, fatal=False)
2863         if webpage:
2864             page_type = self._og_search_property(
2865                 'type', webpage, 'page type', default='')
2866             video_id = self._html_search_meta(
2867                 'videoId', webpage, 'video id', default=None)
2868             if page_type.startswith('video') and video_id and re.match(
2869                     r'^[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}$', video_id):
2870                 return self.url_result(video_id, YoutubeIE.ie_key())
2871         return self.url_result(base_url)
2872
2873
2874 class YoutubePlaylistsIE(YoutubePlaylistsBaseInfoExtractor):
2875     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com user/channel playlists'
2876     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:\w+\.)?youtube\.com/(?:user|channel)/(?P<id>[^/]+)/playlists'
2877     IE_NAME = 'youtube:playlists'
2878
2879     _TESTS = [{
2880         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/ThirstForScience/playlists',
2881         'playlist_mincount': 4,
2882         'info_dict': {
2883             'id': 'ThirstForScience',
2884             'title': 'Thirst for Science',
2885         },
2886     }, {
2887         # with "Load more" button
2888         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/igorkle1/playlists?view=1&sort=dd',
2889         'playlist_mincount': 70,
2890         'info_dict': {
2891             'id': 'igorkle1',
2892             'title': 'Игорь Клейнер',
2893         },
2894     }, {
2895         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCiU1dHvZObB2iP6xkJ__Icw/playlists',
2896         'playlist_mincount': 17,
2897         'info_dict': {
2898             'id': 'UCiU1dHvZObB2iP6xkJ__Icw',
2899             'title': 'Chem Player',
2900         },
2901     }]
2902
2903
2904 class YoutubeSearchBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubePlaylistBaseInfoExtractor):
2905     _VIDEO_RE = r'href="\s*/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})(?:[^"]*"[^>]+\btitle="(?P<title>[^"]+))?'
2906
2907
2908 class YoutubeSearchIE(SearchInfoExtractor, YoutubeSearchBaseInfoExtractor):
2909     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com searches'
2910     # there doesn't appear to be a real limit, for example if you search for
2911     # 'python' you get more than 8.000.000 results
2912     _MAX_RESULTS = float('inf')
2913     IE_NAME = 'youtube:search'
2914     _SEARCH_KEY = 'ytsearch'
2915     _EXTRA_QUERY_ARGS = {}
2916     _TESTS = []
2917
2918     def _get_n_results(self, query, n):
2919         """Get a specified number of results for a query"""
2920
2921         videos = []
2922         limit = n
2923
2924         url_query = {
2925             'search_query': query.encode('utf-8'),
2926         }
2927         url_query.update(self._EXTRA_QUERY_ARGS)
2928         result_url = 'https://www.youtube.com/results?' + compat_urllib_parse_urlencode(url_query)
2929
2930         for pagenum in itertools.count(1):
2931             data = self._download_json(
2932                 result_url, video_id='query "%s"' % query,
2933                 note='Downloading page %s' % pagenum,
2934                 errnote='Unable to download API page',
2935                 query={'spf': 'navigate'})
2936             html_content = data[1]['body']['content']
2937
2938             if 'class="search-message' in html_content:
2939                 raise ExtractorError(
2940                     '[youtube] No video results', expected=True)
2941
2942             new_videos = list(self._process_page(html_content))
2943             videos += new_videos
2944             if not new_videos or len(videos) > limit:
2945                 break
2946             next_link = self._html_search_regex(
2947                 r'href="(/results\?[^"]*\bsp=[^"]+)"[^>]*>\s*<span[^>]+class="[^"]*\byt-uix-button-content\b[^"]*"[^>]*>Next',
2948                 html_content, 'next link', default=None)
2949             if next_link is None:
2950                 break
2951             result_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin('https://www.youtube.com/', next_link)
2952
2953         if len(videos) > n:
2954             videos = videos[:n]
2955         return self.playlist_result(videos, query)
2956
2957
2958 class YoutubeSearchDateIE(YoutubeSearchIE):
2959     IE_NAME = YoutubeSearchIE.IE_NAME + ':date'
2960     _SEARCH_KEY = 'ytsearchdate'
2961     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com searches, newest videos first'
2962     _EXTRA_QUERY_ARGS = {'search_sort': 'video_date_uploaded'}
2963
2964
2965 class YoutubeSearchURLIE(YoutubeSearchBaseInfoExtractor):
2966     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com search URLs'
2967     IE_NAME = 'youtube:search_url'
2968     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/results\?(.*?&)?(?:search_query|q)=(?P<query>[^&]+)(?:[&]|$)'
2969     _TESTS = [{
2970         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/results?baz=bar&search_query=youtube-dl+test+video&filters=video&lclk=video',
2971         'playlist_mincount': 5,
2972         'info_dict': {
2973             'title': 'youtube-dl test video',
2974         }
2975     }, {
2976         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/results?q=test&sp=EgQIBBgB',
2977         'only_matching': True,
2978     }]
2979
2980     def _real_extract(self, url):
2981         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
2982         query = compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(mobj.group('query'))
2983         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, query)
2984         return self.playlist_result(self._process_page(webpage), playlist_title=query)
2985
2986
2987 class YoutubeShowIE(YoutubePlaylistsBaseInfoExtractor):
2988     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com (multi-season) shows'
2989     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/show/(?P<id>[^?#]*)'
2990     IE_NAME = 'youtube:show'
2991     _TESTS = [{
2992         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/show/airdisasters',
2993         'playlist_mincount': 5,
2994         'info_dict': {
2995             'id': 'airdisasters',
2996             'title': 'Air Disasters',
2997         }
2998     }]
2999
3000     def _real_extract(self, url):
3001         playlist_id = self._match_id(url)
3002         return super(YoutubeShowIE, self)._real_extract(
3003             'https://www.youtube.com/show/%s/playlists' % playlist_id)
3004
3005
3006 class YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
3007     """
3008     Base class for feed extractors
3009     Subclasses must define the _FEED_NAME and _PLAYLIST_TITLE properties.
3010     """
3011     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = True
3012
3013     @property
3014     def IE_NAME(self):
3015         return 'youtube:%s' % self._FEED_NAME
3016
3017     def _real_initialize(self):
3018         self._login()
3019
3020     def _entries(self, page):
3021         # The extraction process is the same as for playlists, but the regex
3022         # for the video ids doesn't contain an index
3023         ids = []
3024         more_widget_html = content_html = page
3025         for page_num in itertools.count(1):
3026             matches = re.findall(r'href="\s*/watch\?v=([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})', content_html)
3027
3028             # 'recommended' feed has infinite 'load more' and each new portion spins
3029             # the same videos in (sometimes) slightly different order, so we'll check
3030             # for unicity and break when portion has no new videos
3031             new_ids = list(filter(lambda video_id: video_id not in ids, orderedSet(matches)))
3032             if not new_ids:
3033                 break
3034
3035             ids.extend(new_ids)
3036
3037             for entry in self._ids_to_results(new_ids):
3038                 yield entry
3039
3040             mobj = re.search(r'data-uix-load-more-href="/?(?P<more>[^"]+)"', more_widget_html)
3041             if not mobj:
3042                 break
3043
3044             more = self._download_json(
3045                 'https://youtube.com/%s' % mobj.group('more'), self._PLAYLIST_TITLE,
3046                 'Downloading page #%s' % page_num,
3047                 transform_source=uppercase_escape)
3048             content_html = more['content_html']
3049             more_widget_html = more['load_more_widget_html']
3050
3051     def _real_extract(self, url):
3052         page = self._download_webpage(
3053             'https://www.youtube.com/feed/%s' % self._FEED_NAME,
3054             self._PLAYLIST_TITLE)
3055         return self.playlist_result(
3056             self._entries(page), playlist_title=self._PLAYLIST_TITLE)
3057
3058
3059 class YoutubeWatchLaterIE(YoutubePlaylistIE):
3060     IE_NAME = 'youtube:watchlater'
3061     IE_DESC = 'Youtube watch later list, ":ytwatchlater" for short (requires authentication)'
3062     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/(?:feed/watch_later|(?:playlist|watch)\?(?:.+&)?list=WL)|:ytwatchlater'
3063
3064     _TESTS = [{
3065         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=WL',
3066         'only_matching': True,
3067     }, {
3068         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bCNU9TrbiRk&index=1&list=WL',
3069         'only_matching': True,
3070     }]
3071
3072     def _real_extract(self, url):
3073         _, video = self._check_download_just_video(url, 'WL')
3074         if video:
3075             return video
3076         _, playlist = self._extract_playlist('WL')
3077         return playlist
3078
3079
3080 class YoutubeFavouritesIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
3081     IE_NAME = 'youtube:favorites'
3082     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com favourite videos, ":ytfav" for short (requires authentication)'
3083     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/my_favorites|:ytfav(?:ou?rites)?'
3084     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = True
3085
3086     def _real_extract(self, url):
3087         webpage = self._download_webpage('https://www.youtube.com/my_favorites', 'Youtube Favourites videos')
3088         playlist_id = self._search_regex(r'list=(.+?)["&]', webpage, 'favourites playlist id')
3089         return self.url_result(playlist_id, 'YoutubePlaylist')
3090
3091
3092 class YoutubeRecommendedIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
3093     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com recommended videos, ":ytrec" for short (requires authentication)'
3094     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/feed/recommended|:ytrec(?:ommended)?'
3095     _FEED_NAME = 'recommended'
3096     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = 'Youtube Recommended videos'
3097
3098
3099 class YoutubeSubscriptionsIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
3100     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com subscriptions feed, "ytsubs" keyword (requires authentication)'
3101     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/feed/subscriptions|:ytsubs(?:criptions)?'
3102     _FEED_NAME = 'subscriptions'
3103     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = 'Youtube Subscriptions'
3104
3105
3106 class YoutubeHistoryIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
3107     IE_DESC = 'Youtube watch history, ":ythistory" for short (requires authentication)'
3108     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/feed/history|:ythistory'
3109     _FEED_NAME = 'history'
3110     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = 'Youtube History'
3111
3112
3113 class YoutubeTruncatedURLIE(InfoExtractor):
3114     IE_NAME = 'youtube:truncated_url'
3115     IE_DESC = False  # Do not list
3116     _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
3117         (?:https?://)?
3118         (?:\w+\.)?[yY][oO][uU][tT][uU][bB][eE](?:-nocookie)?\.com/
3119         (?:watch\?(?:
3120             feature=[a-z_]+|
3121             annotation_id=annotation_[^&]+|
3122             x-yt-cl=[0-9]+|
3123             hl=[^&]*|
3124             t=[0-9]+
3125         )?
3126         |
3127             attribution_link\?a=[^&]+
3128         )
3129         $
3130     '''
3131
3132     _TESTS = [{
3133         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?annotation_id=annotation_3951667041',
3134         'only_matching': True,
3135     }, {
3136         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?',
3137         'only_matching': True,
3138     }, {
3139         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?x-yt-cl=84503534',
3140         'only_matching': True,
3141     }, {
3142         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=foo',
3143         'only_matching': True,
3144     }, {
3145         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?hl=en-GB',
3146         'only_matching': True,
3147     }, {
3148         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=2372',
3149         'only_matching': True,
3150     }]
3151
3152     def _real_extract(self, url):
3153         raise ExtractorError(
3154             'Did you forget to quote the URL? Remember that & is a meta '
3155             'character in most shells, so you want to put the URL in quotes, '
3156             'like  youtube-dl '
3157             '"https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=foo&v=BaW_jenozKc" '
3158             ' or simply  youtube-dl BaW_jenozKc  .',
3159             expected=True)
3160
3161
3162 class YoutubeTruncatedIDIE(InfoExtractor):
3163     IE_NAME = 'youtube:truncated_id'
3164     IE_DESC = False  # Do not list
3165     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{1,10})$'
3166
3167     _TESTS = [{
3168         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N_708QY7Ob',
3169         'only_matching': True,
3170     }]
3171
3172     def _real_extract(self, url):
3173         video_id = self._match_id(url)
3174         raise ExtractorError(
3175             'Incomplete YouTube ID %s. URL %s looks truncated.' % (video_id, url),
3176             expected=True)