_ Git - youtube-dl/blob - youtube_dl/extractor/youtube.py

   1 # coding: utf-8
   2
   3 from __future__ import unicode_literals
   4
   5
   6 import itertools
   7 import json
   8 import os.path
   9 import random
  10 import re
  11 import time
  12 import traceback
  13
  14 from .common import InfoExtractor, SearchInfoExtractor
  15 from ..jsinterp import JSInterpreter
  16 from ..swfinterp import SWFInterpreter
  17 from ..compat import (
  18     compat_chr,
  19     compat_HTTPError,
  20     compat_kwargs,
  21     compat_parse_qs,
  22     compat_urllib_parse_unquote,
  23     compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus,
  24     compat_urllib_parse_urlencode,
  25     compat_urllib_parse_urlparse,
  26     compat_urlparse,
  27     compat_str,
  28 )
  29 from ..utils import (
  30     clean_html,
  31     dict_get,
  32     error_to_compat_str,
  33     ExtractorError,
  34     float_or_none,
  35     get_element_by_attribute,
  36     get_element_by_id,
  37     int_or_none,
  38     mimetype2ext,
  39     orderedSet,
  40     parse_codecs,
  41     parse_duration,
  42     qualities,
  43     remove_quotes,
  44     remove_start,
  45     smuggle_url,
  46     str_or_none,
  47     str_to_int,
  48     try_get,
  49     unescapeHTML,
  50     unified_strdate,
  51     unsmuggle_url,
  52     uppercase_escape,
  53     url_or_none,
  54     urlencode_postdata,
  55 )
  56
  57
  58 class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
  59     """Provide base functions for Youtube extractors"""
  60     _LOGIN_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin'
  61     _TWOFACTOR_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/signin/challenge'
  62
  63     _LOOKUP_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/sl/lookup'
  64     _CHALLENGE_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/sl/challenge'
  65     _TFA_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/challenge?hl=en&TL={0}'
  66
  67     _NETRC_MACHINE = 'youtube'
  68     # If True it will raise an error if no login info is provided
  69     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = False
  70
  71     _PLAYLIST_ID_RE = r'(?:PL|LL|EC|UU|FL|RD|UL|TL|OLAK5uy_)[0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,}'
  72
  73     def _set_language(self):
  74         self._set_cookie(
  75             '.youtube.com', 'PREF', 'f1=50000000&hl=en',
  76             # YouTube sets the expire time to about two months
  77             expire_time=time.time() + 2 * 30 * 24 * 3600)
  78
  79     def _ids_to_results(self, ids):
  80         return [
  81             self.url_result(vid_id, 'Youtube', video_id=vid_id)
  82             for vid_id in ids]
  83
  84     def _login(self):
  85         """
  86         Attempt to log in to YouTube.
  87         True is returned if successful or skipped.
  88         False is returned if login failed.
  89
  90         If _LOGIN_REQUIRED is set and no authentication was provided, an error is raised.
  91         """
  92         username, password = self._get_login_info()
  93         # No authentication to be performed
  94         if username is None:
  95             if self._LOGIN_REQUIRED and self._downloader.params.get('cookiefile') is None:
  96                 raise ExtractorError('No login info available, needed for using %s.' % self.IE_NAME, expected=True)
  97             return True
  98
  99         login_page = self._download_webpage(
 100             self._LOGIN_URL, None,
 101             note='Downloading login page',
 102             errnote='unable to fetch login page', fatal=False)
 103         if login_page is False:
 104             return
 105
 106         login_form = self._hidden_inputs(login_page)
 107
 108         def req(url, f_req, note, errnote):
 109             data = login_form.copy()
 110             data.update({
 111                 'pstMsg': 1,
 112                 'checkConnection': 'youtube',
 113                 'checkedDomains': 'youtube',
 114                 'hl': 'en',
 115                 'deviceinfo': '[null,null,null,[],null,"US",null,null,[],"GlifWebSignIn",null,[null,null,[]]]',
 116                 'f.req': json.dumps(f_req),
 117                 'flowName': 'GlifWebSignIn',
 118                 'flowEntry': 'ServiceLogin',
 119             })
 120             return self._download_json(
 121                 url, None, note=note, errnote=errnote,
 122                 transform_source=lambda s: re.sub(r'^[^[]*', '', s),
 123                 fatal=False,
 124                 data=urlencode_postdata(data), headers={
 125                     'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8',
 126                     'Google-Accounts-XSRF': 1,
 127                 })
 128
 129         def warn(message):
 130             self._downloader.report_warning(message)
 131
 132         lookup_req = [
 133             username,
 134             None, [], None, 'US', None, None, 2, False, True,
 135             [
 136                 None, None,
 137                 [2, 1, None, 1,
 138                  'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?passive=true&continue=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fsignin%3Fnext%3D%252F%26action_handle_signin%3Dtrue%26hl%3Den%26app%3Ddesktop%26feature%3Dsign_in_button&hl=en&service=youtube&uilel=3&requestPath=%2FServiceLogin&Page=PasswordSeparationSignIn',
 139                  None, [], 4],
 140                 1, [None, None, []], None, None, None, True
 141             ],
 142             username,
 143         ]
 144
 145         lookup_results = req(
 146             self._LOOKUP_URL, lookup_req,
 147             'Looking up account info', 'Unable to look up account info')
 148
 149         if lookup_results is False:
 150             return False
 151
 152         user_hash = try_get(lookup_results, lambda x: x[0][2], compat_str)
 153         if not user_hash:
 154             warn('Unable to extract user hash')
 155             return False
 156
 157         challenge_req = [
 158             user_hash,
 159             None, 1, None, [1, None, None, None, [password, None, True]],
 160             [
 161                 None, None, [2, 1, None, 1, 'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?passive=true&continue=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fsignin%3Fnext%3D%252F%26action_handle_signin%3Dtrue%26hl%3Den%26app%3Ddesktop%26feature%3Dsign_in_button&hl=en&service=youtube&uilel=3&requestPath=%2FServiceLogin&Page=PasswordSeparationSignIn', None, [], 4],
 162                 1, [None, None, []], None, None, None, True
 163             ]]
 164
 165         challenge_results = req(
 166             self._CHALLENGE_URL, challenge_req,
 167             'Logging in', 'Unable to log in')
 168
 169         if challenge_results is False:
 170             return
 171
 172         login_res = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[0][5], list)
 173         if login_res:
 174             login_msg = try_get(login_res, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
 175             warn(
 176                 'Unable to login: %s' % 'Invalid password'
 177                 if login_msg == 'INCORRECT_ANSWER_ENTERED' else login_msg)
 178             return False
 179
 180         res = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[0][-1], list)
 181         if not res:
 182             warn('Unable to extract result entry')
 183             return False
 184
 185         login_challenge = try_get(res, lambda x: x[0][0], list)
 186         if login_challenge:
 187             challenge_str = try_get(login_challenge, lambda x: x[2], compat_str)
 188             if challenge_str == 'TWO_STEP_VERIFICATION':
 189                 # SEND_SUCCESS - TFA code has been successfully sent to phone
 190                 # QUOTA_EXCEEDED - reached the limit of TFA codes
 191                 status = try_get(login_challenge, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
 192                 if status == 'QUOTA_EXCEEDED':
 193                     warn('Exceeded the limit of TFA codes, try later')
 194                     return False
 195
 196                 tl = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[1][2], compat_str)
 197                 if not tl:
 198                     warn('Unable to extract TL')
 199                     return False
 200
 201                 tfa_code = self._get_tfa_info('2-step verification code')
 202
 203                 if not tfa_code:
 204                     warn(
 205                         'Two-factor authentication required. Provide it either interactively or with --twofactor <code>'
 206                         '(Note that only TOTP (Google Authenticator App) codes work at this time.)')
 207                     return False
 208
 209                 tfa_code = remove_start(tfa_code, 'G-')
 210
 211                 tfa_req = [
 212                     user_hash, None, 2, None,
 213                     [
 214                         9, None, None, None, None, None, None, None,
 215                         [None, tfa_code, True, 2]
 216                     ]]
 217
 218                 tfa_results = req(
 219                     self._TFA_URL.format(tl), tfa_req,
 220                     'Submitting TFA code', 'Unable to submit TFA code')
 221
 222                 if tfa_results is False:
 223                     return False
 224
 225                 tfa_res = try_get(tfa_results, lambda x: x[0][5], list)
 226                 if tfa_res:
 227                     tfa_msg = try_get(tfa_res, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
 228                     warn(
 229                         'Unable to finish TFA: %s' % 'Invalid TFA code'
 230                         if tfa_msg == 'INCORRECT_ANSWER_ENTERED' else tfa_msg)
 231                     return False
 232
 233                 check_cookie_url = try_get(
 234                     tfa_results, lambda x: x[0][-1][2], compat_str)
 235             else:
 236                 CHALLENGES = {
 237                     'LOGIN_CHALLENGE': "This device isn't recognized. For your security, Google wants to make sure it's really you.",
 238                     'USERNAME_RECOVERY': 'Please provide additional information to aid in the recovery process.',
 239                     'REAUTH': "There is something unusual about your activity. For your security, Google wants to make sure it's really you.",
 240                 }
 241                 challenge = CHALLENGES.get(
 242                     challenge_str,
 243                     '%s returned error %s.' % (self.IE_NAME, challenge_str))
 244                 warn('%s\nGo to https://accounts.google.com/, login and solve a challenge.' % challenge)
 245                 return False
 246         else:
 247             check_cookie_url = try_get(res, lambda x: x[2], compat_str)
 248
 249         if not check_cookie_url:
 250             warn('Unable to extract CheckCookie URL')
 251             return False
 252
 253         check_cookie_results = self._download_webpage(
 254             check_cookie_url, None, 'Checking cookie', fatal=False)
 255
 256         if check_cookie_results is False:
 257             return False
 258
 259         if 'https://myaccount.google.com/' not in check_cookie_results:
 260             warn('Unable to log in')
 261             return False
 262
 263         return True
 264
 265     def _download_webpage_handle(self, *args, **kwargs):
 266         query = kwargs.get('query', {}).copy()
 267         query['disable_polymer'] = 'true'
 268         kwargs['query'] = query
 269         return super(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, self)._download_webpage_handle(
 270             *args, **compat_kwargs(kwargs))
 271
 272     def _real_initialize(self):
 273         if self._downloader is None:
 274             return
 275         self._set_language()
 276         if not self._login():
 277             return
 278
 279
 280 class YoutubeEntryListBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
 281     # Extract entries from page with "Load more" button
 282     def _entries(self, page, playlist_id):
 283         more_widget_html = content_html = page
 284         for page_num in itertools.count(1):
 285             for entry in self._process_page(content_html):
 286                 yield entry
 287
 288             mobj = re.search(r'data-uix-load-more-href="/?(?P<more>[^"]+)"', more_widget_html)
 289             if not mobj:
 290                 break
 291
 292             count = 0
 293             retries = 3
 294             while count <= retries:
 295                 try:
 296                     # Downloading page may result in intermittent 5xx HTTP error
 297                     # that is usually worked around with a retry
 298                     more = self._download_json(
 299                         'https://youtube.com/%s' % mobj.group('more'), playlist_id,
 300                         'Downloading page #%s%s'
 301                         % (page_num, ' (retry #%d)' % count if count else ''),
 302                         transform_source=uppercase_escape)
 303                     break
 304                 except ExtractorError as e:
 305                     if isinstance(e.cause, compat_HTTPError) and e.cause.code in (500, 503):
 306                         count += 1
 307                         if count <= retries:
 308                             continue
 309                     raise
 310
 311             content_html = more['content_html']
 312             if not content_html.strip():
 313                 # Some webpages show a "Load more" button but they don't
 314                 # have more videos
 315                 break
 316             more_widget_html = more['load_more_widget_html']
 317
 318
 319 class YoutubePlaylistBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeEntryListBaseInfoExtractor):
 320     def _process_page(self, content):
 321         for video_id, video_title in self.extract_videos_from_page(content):
 322             yield self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id, video_title)
 323
 324     def extract_videos_from_page(self, page):
 325         ids_in_page = []
 326         titles_in_page = []
 327         for mobj in re.finditer(self._VIDEO_RE, page):
 328             # The link with index 0 is not the first video of the playlist (not sure if still actual)
 329             if 'index' in mobj.groupdict() and mobj.group('id') == '0':
 330                 continue
 331             video_id = mobj.group('id')
 332             video_title = unescapeHTML(mobj.group('title'))
 333             if video_title:
 334                 video_title = video_title.strip()
 335             try:
 336                 idx = ids_in_page.index(video_id)
 337                 if video_title and not titles_in_page[idx]:
 338                     titles_in_page[idx] = video_title
 339             except ValueError:
 340                 ids_in_page.append(video_id)
 341                 titles_in_page.append(video_title)
 342         return zip(ids_in_page, titles_in_page)
 343
 344
 345 class YoutubePlaylistsBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeEntryListBaseInfoExtractor):
 346     def _process_page(self, content):
 347         for playlist_id in orderedSet(re.findall(
 348                 r'<h3[^>]+class="[^"]*yt-lockup-title[^"]*"[^>]*><a[^>]+href="/?playlist\?list=([0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,})"',
 349                 content)):
 350             yield self.url_result(
 351                 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=%s' % playlist_id, 'YoutubePlaylist')
 352
 353     def _real_extract(self, url):
 354         playlist_id = self._match_id(url)
 355         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, playlist_id)
 356         title = self._og_search_title(webpage, fatal=False)
 357         return self.playlist_result(self._entries(webpage, playlist_id), playlist_id, title)
 358
 359
 360 class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
 361     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com'
 362     _VALID_URL = r"""(?x)^
 363                      (
 364                          (?:https?://|//)                                    # http(s):// or protocol-independent URL
 365                          (?:(?:(?:(?:\w+\.)?[yY][oO][uU][tT][uU][bB][eE](?:-nocookie)?\.com/|
 366                             (?:www\.)?deturl\.com/www\.youtube\.com/|
 367                             (?:www\.)?pwnyoutube\.com/|
 368                             (?:www\.)?hooktube\.com/|
 369                             (?:www\.)?yourepeat\.com/|
 370                             tube\.majestyc\.net/|
 371                             (?:(?:www|dev)\.)?invidio\.us/|
 372                             (?:www\.)?invidiou\.sh/|
 373                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.snopyta\.org/|
 374                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.kabi\.tk/|
 375                             (?:www\.)?vid\.wxzm\.sx/|
 376                             youtube\.googleapis\.com/)                        # the various hostnames, with wildcard subdomains
 377                          (?:.*?\#/)?                                          # handle anchor (#/) redirect urls
 378                          (?:                                                  # the various things that can precede the ID:
 379                              (?:(?:v|embed|e)/(?!videoseries))                # v/ or embed/ or e/
 380                              |(?:                                             # or the v= param in all its forms
 381                                  (?:(?:watch|movie)(?:_popup)?(?:\.php)?/?)?  # preceding watch(_popup|.php) or nothing (like /?v=xxxx)
 382                                  (?:\?|\#!?)                                  # the params delimiter ? or # or #!
 383                                  (?:.*?[&;])??                                # any other preceding param (like /?s=tuff&v=xxxx or ?s=tuff&amp;v=V36LpHqtcDY)
 384                                  v=
 385                              )
 386                          ))
 387                          |(?:
 388                             youtu\.be|                                        # just youtu.be/xxxx
 389                             vid\.plus|                                        # or vid.plus/xxxx
 390                             zwearz\.com/watch|                                # or zwearz.com/watch/xxxx
 391                          )/
 392                          |(?:www\.)?cleanvideosearch\.com/media/action/yt/watch\?videoId=
 393                          )
 394                      )?                                                       # all until now is optional -> you can pass the naked ID
 395                      ([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})                                      # here is it! the YouTube video ID
 396                      (?!.*?\blist=
 397                         (?:
 398                             %(playlist_id)s|                                  # combined list/video URLs are handled by the playlist IE
 399                             WL                                                # WL are handled by the watch later IE
 400                         )
 401                      )
 402                      (?(1).+)?                                                # if we found the ID, everything can follow
 403                      $""" % {'playlist_id': YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._PLAYLIST_ID_RE}
 404     _NEXT_URL_RE = r'[\?&]next_url=([^&]+)'
 405     _formats = {
 406         '5': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 400, 'height': 240, 'acodec': 'mp3', 'abr': 64, 'vcodec': 'h263'},
 407         '6': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 450, 'height': 270, 'acodec': 'mp3', 'abr': 64, 'vcodec': 'h263'},
 408         '13': {'ext': '3gp', 'acodec': 'aac', 'vcodec': 'mp4v'},
 409         '17': {'ext': '3gp', 'width': 176, 'height': 144, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 24, 'vcodec': 'mp4v'},
 410         '18': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 640, 'height': 360, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 96, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 411         '22': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 1280, 'height': 720, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 412         '34': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 640, 'height': 360, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 413         '35': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 414         # itag 36 videos are either 320x180 (BaW_jenozKc) or 320x240 (__2ABJjxzNo), abr varies as well
 415         '36': {'ext': '3gp', 'width': 320, 'acodec': 'aac', 'vcodec': 'mp4v'},
 416         '37': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 1920, 'height': 1080, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 417         '38': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 4096, 'height': 3072, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 418         '43': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 640, 'height': 360, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 419         '44': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 420         '45': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 1280, 'height': 720, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 421         '46': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 1920, 'height': 1080, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 422         '59': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 423         '78': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 424
 425
 426         # 3D videos
 427         '82': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 428         '83': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 429         '84': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 430         '85': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 431         '100': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'vp8', 'preference': -20},
 432         '101': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8', 'preference': -20},
 433         '102': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8', 'preference': -20},
 434
 435         # Apple HTTP Live Streaming
 436         '91': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 437         '92': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 438         '93': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 439         '94': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 440         '95': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 256, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 441         '96': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 256, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 442         '132': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 443         '151': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 72, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 24, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 444
 445         # DASH mp4 video
 446         '133': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 447         '134': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 448         '135': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 449         '136': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 450         '137': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 451         '138': {'ext': 'mp4', 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},  # Height can vary (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4559)
 452         '160': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 453         '212': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 454         '264': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 455         '298': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264', 'fps': 60},
 456         '299': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264', 'fps': 60},
 457         '266': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 458
 459         # Dash mp4 audio
 460         '139': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 461         '140': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 462         '141': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 256, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 463         '256': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 464         '258': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 465         '325': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'dtse', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 466         '328': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'ec-3', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 467
 468         # Dash webm
 469         '167': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'width': 640, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 470         '168': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 471         '169': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'width': 1280, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 472         '170': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'width': 1920, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 473         '218': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 474         '219': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 475         '278': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 476         '242': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 477         '243': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 478         '244': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 479         '245': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 480         '246': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 481         '247': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 482         '248': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 483         '271': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 484         # itag 272 videos are either 3840x2160 (e.g. RtoitU2A-3E) or 7680x4320 (sLprVF6d7Ug)
 485         '272': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 486         '302': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 487         '303': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 488         '308': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 489         '313': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 490         '315': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 491
 492         # Dash webm audio
 493         '171': {'ext': 'webm', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'abr': 128},
 494         '172': {'ext': 'webm', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'abr': 256},
 495
 496         # Dash webm audio with opus inside
 497         '249': {'ext': 'webm', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 50},
 498         '250': {'ext': 'webm', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 70},
 499         '251': {'ext': 'webm', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 160},
 500
 501         # RTMP (unnamed)
 502         '_rtmp': {'protocol': 'rtmp'},
 503     }
 504     _SUBTITLE_FORMATS = ('srv1', 'srv2', 'srv3', 'ttml', 'vtt')
 505
 506     _GEO_BYPASS = False
 507
 508     IE_NAME = 'youtube'
 509     _TESTS = [
 510         {
 511             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc&t=1s&end=9',
 512             'info_dict': {
 513                 'id': 'BaW_jenozKc',
 514                 'ext': 'mp4',
 515                 'title': 'youtube-dl test video "\'/\\ä↭𝕐',
 516                 'uploader': 'Philipp Hagemeister',
 517                 'uploader_id': 'phihag',
 518                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/phihag',
 519                 'channel_id': 'UCLqxVugv74EIW3VWh2NOa3Q',
 520                 'channel_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCLqxVugv74EIW3VWh2NOa3Q',
 521                 'upload_date': '20121002',
 522                 'description': 'test chars:  "\'/\\ä↭𝕐\ntest URL: https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/1892\n\nThis is a test video for youtube-dl.\n\nFor more information, contact phihag@phihag.de .',
 523                 'categories': ['Science & Technology'],
 524                 'tags': ['youtube-dl'],
 525                 'duration': 10,
 526                 'view_count': int,
 527                 'like_count': int,
 528                 'dislike_count': int,
 529                 'start_time': 1,
 530                 'end_time': 9,
 531             }
 532         },
 533         {
 534             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UxxajLWwzqY',
 535             'note': 'Test generic use_cipher_signature video (#897)',
 536             'info_dict': {
 537                 'id': 'UxxajLWwzqY',
 538                 'ext': 'mp4',
 539                 'upload_date': '20120506',
 540                 'title': 'Icona Pop - I Love It (feat. Charli XCX) [OFFICIAL VIDEO]',
 541                 'alt_title': 'I Love It (feat. Charli XCX)',
 542                 'description': 'md5:f3ceb5ef83a08d95b9d146f973157cc8',
 543                 'tags': ['Icona Pop i love it', 'sweden', 'pop music', 'big beat records', 'big beat', 'charli',
 544                          'xcx', 'charli xcx', 'girls', 'hbo', 'i love it', "i don't care", 'icona', 'pop',
 545                          'iconic ep', 'iconic', 'love', 'it'],
 546                 'duration': 180,
 547                 'uploader': 'Icona Pop',
 548                 'uploader_id': 'IconaPop',
 549                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/IconaPop',
 550                 'creator': 'Icona Pop',
 551                 'track': 'I Love It (feat. Charli XCX)',
 552                 'artist': 'Icona Pop',
 553             }
 554         },
 555         {
 556             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=07FYdnEawAQ',
 557             'note': 'Test VEVO video with age protection (#956)',
 558             'info_dict': {
 559                 'id': '07FYdnEawAQ',
 560                 'ext': 'mp4',
 561                 'upload_date': '20130703',
 562                 'title': 'Justin Timberlake - Tunnel Vision (Official Music Video) (Explicit)',
 563                 'alt_title': 'Tunnel Vision',
 564                 'description': 'md5:07dab3356cde4199048e4c7cd93471e1',
 565                 'duration': 419,
 566                 'uploader': 'justintimberlakeVEVO',
 567                 'uploader_id': 'justintimberlakeVEVO',
 568                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/justintimberlakeVEVO',
 569                 'creator': 'Justin Timberlake',
 570                 'track': 'Tunnel Vision',
 571                 'artist': 'Justin Timberlake',
 572                 'age_limit': 18,
 573             }
 574         },
 575         {
 576             'url': '//www.YouTube.com/watch?v=yZIXLfi8CZQ',
 577             'note': 'Embed-only video (#1746)',
 578             'info_dict': {
 579                 'id': 'yZIXLfi8CZQ',
 580                 'ext': 'mp4',
 581                 'upload_date': '20120608',
 582                 'title': 'Principal Sexually Assaults A Teacher - Episode 117 - 8th June 2012',
 583                 'description': 'md5:09b78bd971f1e3e289601dfba15ca4f7',
 584                 'uploader': 'SET India',
 585                 'uploader_id': 'setindia',
 586                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/setindia',
 587                 'age_limit': 18,
 588             }
 589         },
 590         {
 591             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc&v=UxxajLWwzqY',
 592             'note': 'Use the first video ID in the URL',
 593             'info_dict': {
 594                 'id': 'BaW_jenozKc',
 595                 'ext': 'mp4',
 596                 'title': 'youtube-dl test video "\'/\\ä↭𝕐',
 597                 'uploader': 'Philipp Hagemeister',
 598                 'uploader_id': 'phihag',
 599                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/phihag',
 600                 'upload_date': '20121002',
 601                 'description': 'test chars:  "\'/\\ä↭𝕐\ntest URL: https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/1892\n\nThis is a test video for youtube-dl.\n\nFor more information, contact phihag@phihag.de .',
 602                 'categories': ['Science & Technology'],
 603                 'tags': ['youtube-dl'],
 604                 'duration': 10,
 605                 'view_count': int,
 606                 'like_count': int,
 607                 'dislike_count': int,
 608             },
 609             'params': {
 610                 'skip_download': True,
 611             },
 612         },
 613         {
 614             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a9LDPn-MO4I',
 615             'note': '256k DASH audio (format 141) via DASH manifest',
 616             'info_dict': {
 617                 'id': 'a9LDPn-MO4I',
 618                 'ext': 'm4a',
 619                 'upload_date': '20121002',
 620                 'uploader_id': '8KVIDEO',
 621                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/8KVIDEO',
 622                 'description': '',
 623                 'uploader': '8KVIDEO',
 624                 'title': 'UHDTV TEST 8K VIDEO.mp4'
 625             },
 626             'params': {
 627                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 628                 'format': '141',
 629             },
 630             'skip': 'format 141 not served anymore',
 631         },
 632         # DASH manifest with encrypted signature
 633         {
 634             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IB3lcPjvWLA',
 635             'info_dict': {
 636                 'id': 'IB3lcPjvWLA',
 637                 'ext': 'm4a',
 638                 'title': 'Afrojack, Spree Wilson - The Spark (Official Music Video) ft. Spree Wilson',
 639                 'description': 'md5:8f5e2b82460520b619ccac1f509d43bf',
 640                 'duration': 244,
 641                 'uploader': 'AfrojackVEVO',
 642                 'uploader_id': 'AfrojackVEVO',
 643                 'upload_date': '20131011',
 644             },
 645             'params': {
 646                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 647                 'format': '141/bestaudio[ext=m4a]',
 648             },
 649         },
 650         # JS player signature function name containing $
 651         {
 652             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nfWlot6h_JM',
 653             'info_dict': {
 654                 'id': 'nfWlot6h_JM',
 655                 'ext': 'm4a',
 656                 'title': 'Taylor Swift - Shake It Off',
 657                 'description': 'md5:bec2185232c05479482cb5a9b82719bf',
 658                 'duration': 242,
 659                 'uploader': 'TaylorSwiftVEVO',
 660                 'uploader_id': 'TaylorSwiftVEVO',
 661                 'upload_date': '20140818',
 662                 'creator': 'Taylor Swift',
 663             },
 664             'params': {
 665                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 666                 'format': '141/bestaudio[ext=m4a]',
 667             },
 668         },
 669         # Controversy video
 670         {
 671             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T4XJQO3qol8',
 672             'info_dict': {
 673                 'id': 'T4XJQO3qol8',
 674                 'ext': 'mp4',
 675                 'duration': 219,
 676                 'upload_date': '20100909',
 677                 'uploader': 'Amazing Atheist',
 678                 'uploader_id': 'TheAmazingAtheist',
 679                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/TheAmazingAtheist',
 680                 'title': 'Burning Everyone\'s Koran',
 681                 'description': 'SUBSCRIBE: http://www.youtube.com/saturninefilms\n\nEven Obama has taken a stand against freedom on this issue: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/09/09/obama-gma-interview-quran_n_710282.html',
 682             }
 683         },
 684         # Normal age-gate video (No vevo, embed allowed)
 685         {
 686             'url': 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=HtVdAasjOgU',
 687             'info_dict': {
 688                 'id': 'HtVdAasjOgU',
 689                 'ext': 'mp4',
 690                 'title': 'The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt - The Sword Of Destiny Trailer',
 691                 'description': r're:(?s).{100,}About the Game\n.*?The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt.{100,}',
 692                 'duration': 142,
 693                 'uploader': 'The Witcher',
 694                 'uploader_id': 'WitcherGame',
 695                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/WitcherGame',
 696                 'upload_date': '20140605',
 697                 'age_limit': 18,
 698             },
 699         },
 700         # Age-gate video with encrypted signature
 701         {
 702             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6kLq3WMV1nU',
 703             'info_dict': {
 704                 'id': '6kLq3WMV1nU',
 705                 'ext': 'mp4',
 706                 'title': 'Dedication To My Ex (Miss That) (Lyric Video)',
 707                 'description': 'md5:33765bb339e1b47e7e72b5490139bb41',
 708                 'duration': 246,
 709                 'uploader': 'LloydVEVO',
 710                 'uploader_id': 'LloydVEVO',
 711                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/LloydVEVO',
 712                 'upload_date': '20110629',
 713                 'age_limit': 18,
 714             },
 715         },
 716         # video_info is None (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4421)
 717         # YouTube Red ad is not captured for creator
 718         {
 719             'url': '__2ABJjxzNo',
 720             'info_dict': {
 721                 'id': '__2ABJjxzNo',
 722                 'ext': 'mp4',
 723                 'duration': 266,
 724                 'upload_date': '20100430',
 725                 'uploader_id': 'deadmau5',
 726                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/deadmau5',
 727                 'creator': 'deadmau5',
 728                 'description': 'md5:12c56784b8032162bb936a5f76d55360',
 729                 'uploader': 'deadmau5',
 730                 'title': 'Deadmau5 - Some Chords (HD)',
 731                 'alt_title': 'Some Chords',
 732             },
 733             'expected_warnings': [
 734                 'DASH manifest missing',
 735             ]
 736         },
 737         # Olympics (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4431)
 738         {
 739             'url': 'lqQg6PlCWgI',
 740             'info_dict': {
 741                 'id': 'lqQg6PlCWgI',
 742                 'ext': 'mp4',
 743                 'duration': 6085,
 744                 'upload_date': '20150827',
 745                 'uploader_id': 'olympic',
 746                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/olympic',
 747                 'description': 'HO09  - Women -  GER-AUS - Hockey - 31 July 2012 - London 2012 Olympic Games',
 748                 'uploader': 'Olympic',
 749                 'title': 'Hockey - Women -  GER-AUS - London 2012 Olympic Games',
 750             },
 751             'params': {
 752                 'skip_download': 'requires avconv',
 753             }
 754         },
 755         # Non-square pixels
 756         {
 757             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_b-2C3KPAM0',
 758             'info_dict': {
 759                 'id': '_b-2C3KPAM0',
 760                 'ext': 'mp4',
 761                 'stretched_ratio': 16 / 9.,
 762                 'duration': 85,
 763                 'upload_date': '20110310',
 764                 'uploader_id': 'AllenMeow',
 765                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/AllenMeow',
 766                 'description': 'made by Wacom from Korea | 字幕&加油添醋 by TY\'s Allen | 感謝heylisa00cavey1001同學熱情提供梗及翻譯',
 767                 'uploader': '孫ᄋᄅ',
 768                 'title': '[A-made] 變態妍字幕版 太妍 我就是這樣的人',
 769             },
 770         },
 771         # url_encoded_fmt_stream_map is empty string
 772         {
 773             'url': 'qEJwOuvDf7I',
 774             'info_dict': {
 775                 'id': 'qEJwOuvDf7I',
 776                 'ext': 'webm',
 777                 'title': 'Обсуждение судебной практики по выборам 14 сентября 2014 года в Санкт-Петербурге',
 778                 'description': '',
 779                 'upload_date': '20150404',
 780                 'uploader_id': 'spbelect',
 781                 'uploader': 'Наблюдатели Петербурга',
 782             },
 783             'params': {
 784                 'skip_download': 'requires avconv',
 785             },
 786             'skip': 'This live event has ended.',
 787         },
 788         # Extraction from multiple DASH manifests (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/6097)
 789         {
 790             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FIl7x6_3R5Y',
 791             'info_dict': {
 792                 'id': 'FIl7x6_3R5Y',
 793                 'ext': 'webm',
 794                 'title': 'md5:7b81415841e02ecd4313668cde88737a',
 795                 'description': 'md5:116377fd2963b81ec4ce64b542173306',
 796                 'duration': 220,
 797                 'upload_date': '20150625',
 798                 'uploader_id': 'dorappi2000',
 799                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/dorappi2000',
 800                 'uploader': 'dorappi2000',
 801                 'formats': 'mincount:31',
 802             },
 803             'skip': 'not actual anymore',
 804         },
 805         # DASH manifest with segment_list
 806         {
 807             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/embed/CsmdDsKjzN8',
 808             'md5': '8ce563a1d667b599d21064e982ab9e31',
 809             'info_dict': {
 810                 'id': 'CsmdDsKjzN8',
 811                 'ext': 'mp4',
 812                 'upload_date': '20150501',  # According to '<meta itemprop="datePublished"', but in other places it's 20150510
 813                 'uploader': 'Airtek',
 814                 'description': 'Retransmisión en directo de la XVIII media maratón de Zaragoza.',
 815                 'uploader_id': 'UCzTzUmjXxxacNnL8I3m4LnQ',
 816                 'title': 'Retransmisión XVIII Media maratón Zaragoza 2015',
 817             },
 818             'params': {
 819                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 820                 'format': '135',  # bestvideo
 821             },
 822             'skip': 'This live event has ended.',
 823         },
 824         {
 825             # Multifeed videos (multiple cameras), URL is for Main Camera
 826             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jqWvoWXjCVs',
 827             'info_dict': {
 828                 'id': 'jqWvoWXjCVs',
 829                 'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream',
 830                 'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 831             },
 832             'playlist': [{
 833                 'info_dict': {
 834                     'id': 'jqWvoWXjCVs',
 835                     'ext': 'mp4',
 836                     'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream (Main Camera)',
 837                     'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 838                     'duration': 7335,
 839                     'upload_date': '20150721',
 840                     'uploader': 'Beer Games Beer',
 841                     'uploader_id': 'beergamesbeer',
 842                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/beergamesbeer',
 843                     'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
 844                 },
 845             }, {
 846                 'info_dict': {
 847                     'id': '6h8e8xoXJzg',
 848                     'ext': 'mp4',
 849                     'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream (kreestuh)',
 850                     'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 851                     'duration': 7337,
 852                     'upload_date': '20150721',
 853                     'uploader': 'Beer Games Beer',
 854                     'uploader_id': 'beergamesbeer',
 855                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/beergamesbeer',
 856                     'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
 857                 },
 858             }, {
 859                 'info_dict': {
 860                     'id': 'PUOgX5z9xZw',
 861                     'ext': 'mp4',
 862                     'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream (grizzle)',
 863                     'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 864                     'duration': 7337,
 865                     'upload_date': '20150721',
 866                     'uploader': 'Beer Games Beer',
 867                     'uploader_id': 'beergamesbeer',
 868                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/beergamesbeer',
 869                     'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
 870                 },
 871             }, {
 872                 'info_dict': {
 873                     'id': 'teuwxikvS5k',
 874                     'ext': 'mp4',
 875                     'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream (zim)',
 876                     'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 877                     'duration': 7334,
 878                     'upload_date': '20150721',
 879                     'uploader': 'Beer Games Beer',
 880                     'uploader_id': 'beergamesbeer',
 881                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/beergamesbeer',
 882                     'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
 883                 },
 884             }],
 885             'params': {
 886                 'skip_download': True,
 887             },
 888             'skip': 'This video is not available.',
 889         },
 890         {
 891             # Multifeed video with comma in title (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8536)
 892             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gVfLd0zydlo',
 893             'info_dict': {
 894                 'id': 'gVfLd0zydlo',
 895                 'title': 'DevConf.cz 2016 Day 2 Workshops 1 14:00 - 15:30',
 896             },
 897             'playlist_count': 2,
 898             'skip': 'Not multifeed anymore',
 899         },
 900         {
 901             'url': 'https://vid.plus/FlRa-iH7PGw',
 902             'only_matching': True,
 903         },
 904         {
 905             'url': 'https://zwearz.com/watch/9lWxNJF-ufM/electra-woman-dyna-girl-official-trailer-grace-helbig.html',
 906             'only_matching': True,
 907         },
 908         {
 909             # Title with JS-like syntax "};" (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7468)
 910             # Also tests cut-off URL expansion in video description (see
 911             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/1892,
 912             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8164)
 913             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lsguqyKfVQg',
 914             'info_dict': {
 915                 'id': 'lsguqyKfVQg',
 916                 'ext': 'mp4',
 917                 'title': '{dark walk}; Loki/AC/Dishonored; collab w/Elflover21',
 918                 'alt_title': 'Dark Walk - Position Music',
 919                 'description': 'md5:8085699c11dc3f597ce0410b0dcbb34a',
 920                 'duration': 133,
 921                 'upload_date': '20151119',
 922                 'uploader_id': 'IronSoulElf',
 923                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/IronSoulElf',
 924                 'uploader': 'IronSoulElf',
 925                 'creator': 'Todd Haberman,  Daniel Law Heath and Aaron Kaplan',
 926                 'track': 'Dark Walk - Position Music',
 927                 'artist': 'Todd Haberman,  Daniel Law Heath and Aaron Kaplan',
 928                 'album': 'Position Music - Production Music Vol. 143 - Dark Walk',
 929             },
 930             'params': {
 931                 'skip_download': True,
 932             },
 933         },
 934         {
 935             # Tags with '};' (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7468)
 936             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ms7iBXnlUO8',
 937             'only_matching': True,
 938         },
 939         {
 940             # Video with yt:stretch=17:0
 941             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q39EVAstoRM',
 942             'info_dict': {
 943                 'id': 'Q39EVAstoRM',
 944                 'ext': 'mp4',
 945                 'title': 'Clash Of Clans#14 Dicas De Ataque Para CV 4',
 946                 'description': 'md5:ee18a25c350637c8faff806845bddee9',
 947                 'upload_date': '20151107',
 948                 'uploader_id': 'UCCr7TALkRbo3EtFzETQF1LA',
 949                 'uploader': 'CH GAMER DROID',
 950             },
 951             'params': {
 952                 'skip_download': True,
 953             },
 954             'skip': 'This video does not exist.',
 955         },
 956         {
 957             # Video licensed under Creative Commons
 958             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M4gD1WSo5mA',
 959             'info_dict': {
 960                 'id': 'M4gD1WSo5mA',
 961                 'ext': 'mp4',
 962                 'title': 'md5:e41008789470fc2533a3252216f1c1d1',
 963                 'description': 'md5:a677553cf0840649b731a3024aeff4cc',
 964                 'duration': 721,
 965                 'upload_date': '20150127',
 966                 'uploader_id': 'BerkmanCenter',
 967                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/BerkmanCenter',
 968                 'uploader': 'The Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society',
 969                 'license': 'Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed)',
 970             },
 971             'params': {
 972                 'skip_download': True,
 973             },
 974         },
 975         {
 976             # Channel-like uploader_url
 977             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eQcmzGIKrzg',
 978             'info_dict': {
 979                 'id': 'eQcmzGIKrzg',
 980                 'ext': 'mp4',
 981                 'title': 'Democratic Socialism and Foreign Policy | Bernie Sanders',
 982                 'description': 'md5:dda0d780d5a6e120758d1711d062a867',
 983                 'duration': 4060,
 984                 'upload_date': '20151119',
 985                 'uploader': 'Bernie Sanders',
 986                 'uploader_id': 'UCH1dpzjCEiGAt8CXkryhkZg',
 987                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCH1dpzjCEiGAt8CXkryhkZg',
 988                 'license': 'Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed)',
 989             },
 990             'params': {
 991                 'skip_download': True,
 992             },
 993         },
 994         {
 995             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;amp;v=V36LpHqtcDY',
 996             'only_matching': True,
 997         },
 998         {
 999             # YouTube Red paid video (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/10059)
1000             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i1Ko8UG-Tdo',
1001             'only_matching': True,
1002         },
1003         {
1004             # Rental video preview
1005             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yYr8q0y5Jfg',
1006             'info_dict': {
1007                 'id': 'uGpuVWrhIzE',
1008                 'ext': 'mp4',
1009                 'title': 'Piku - Trailer',
1010                 'description': 'md5:c36bd60c3fd6f1954086c083c72092eb',
1011                 'upload_date': '20150811',
1012                 'uploader': 'FlixMatrix',
1013                 'uploader_id': 'FlixMatrixKaravan',
1014                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/FlixMatrixKaravan',
1015                 'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
1016             },
1017             'params': {
1018                 'skip_download': True,
1019             },
1020             'skip': 'This video is not available.',
1021         },
1022         {
1023             # YouTube Red video with episode data
1024             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iqKdEhx-dD4',
1025             'info_dict': {
1026                 'id': 'iqKdEhx-dD4',
1027                 'ext': 'mp4',
1028                 'title': 'Isolation - Mind Field (Ep 1)',
1029                 'description': 'md5:46a29be4ceffa65b92d277b93f463c0f',
1030                 'duration': 2085,
1031                 'upload_date': '20170118',
1032                 'uploader': 'Vsauce',
1033                 'uploader_id': 'Vsauce',
1034                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/Vsauce',
1035                 'series': 'Mind Field',
1036                 'season_number': 1,
1037                 'episode_number': 1,
1038             },
1039             'params': {
1040                 'skip_download': True,
1041             },
1042             'expected_warnings': [
1043                 'Skipping DASH manifest',
1044             ],
1045         },
1046         {
1047             # The following content has been identified by the YouTube community
1048             # as inappropriate or offensive to some audiences.
1049             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6SJNVb0GnPI',
1050             'info_dict': {
1051                 'id': '6SJNVb0GnPI',
1052                 'ext': 'mp4',
1053                 'title': 'Race Differences in Intelligence',
1054                 'description': 'md5:5d161533167390427a1f8ee89a1fc6f1',
1055                 'duration': 965,
1056                 'upload_date': '20140124',
1057                 'uploader': 'New Century Foundation',
1058                 'uploader_id': 'UCEJYpZGqgUob0zVVEaLhvVg',
1059                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCEJYpZGqgUob0zVVEaLhvVg',
1060             },
1061             'params': {
1062                 'skip_download': True,
1063             },
1064         },
1065         {
1066             # itag 212
1067             'url': '1t24XAntNCY',
1068             'only_matching': True,
1069         },
1070         {
1071             # geo restricted to JP
1072             'url': 'sJL6WA-aGkQ',
1073             'only_matching': True,
1074         },
1075         {
1076             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MuAGGZNfUkU&list=RDMM',
1077             'only_matching': True,
1078         },
1079         {
1080             'url': 'https://invidio.us/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc',
1081             'only_matching': True,
1082         },
1083         {
1084             # DRM protected
1085             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s7_qI6_mIXc',
1086             'only_matching': True,
1087         },
1088         {
1089             # Video with unsupported adaptive stream type formats
1090             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z4Vy8R84T1U',
1091             'info_dict': {
1092                 'id': 'Z4Vy8R84T1U',
1093                 'ext': 'mp4',
1094                 'title': 'saman SMAN 53 Jakarta(Sancety) opening COFFEE4th at SMAN 53 Jakarta',
1095                 'description': 'md5:d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e',
1096                 'duration': 433,
1097                 'upload_date': '20130923',
1098                 'uploader': 'Amelia Putri Harwita',
1099                 'uploader_id': 'UCpOxM49HJxmC1qCalXyB3_Q',
1100                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCpOxM49HJxmC1qCalXyB3_Q',
1101                 'formats': 'maxcount:10',
1102             },
1103             'params': {
1104                 'skip_download': True,
1105                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': False,
1106             },
1107         },
1108         {
1109             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1110             'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/watch?v=MgNrAu2pzNs',
1111             'info_dict': {
1112                 'id': 'MgNrAu2pzNs',
1113                 'ext': 'mp4',
1114                 'title': 'Voyeur Girl',
1115                 'description': 'md5:7ae382a65843d6df2685993e90a8628f',
1116                 'upload_date': '20190312',
1117                 'uploader': 'Various Artists - Topic',
1118                 'uploader_id': 'UCVWKBi1ELZn0QX2CBLSkiyw',
1119                 'artist': 'Stephen',
1120                 'track': 'Voyeur Girl',
1121                 'album': 'it\'s too much love to know my dear',
1122                 'release_date': '20190313',
1123                 'release_year': 2019,
1124             },
1125             'params': {
1126                 'skip_download': True,
1127             },
1128         },
1129         {
1130             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1131             # Retrieve 'artist' field from 'Artist:' in video description
1132             # when it is present on youtube music video
1133             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k0jLE7tTwjY',
1134             'info_dict': {
1135                 'id': 'k0jLE7tTwjY',
1136                 'ext': 'mp4',
1137                 'title': 'Latch Feat. Sam Smith',
1138                 'description': 'md5:3cb1e8101a7c85fcba9b4fb41b951335',
1139                 'upload_date': '20150110',
1140                 'uploader': 'Various Artists - Topic',
1141                 'uploader_id': 'UCNkEcmYdjrH4RqtNgh7BZ9w',
1142                 'artist': 'Disclosure',
1143                 'track': 'Latch Feat. Sam Smith',
1144                 'album': 'Latch Featuring Sam Smith',
1145                 'release_date': '20121008',
1146                 'release_year': 2012,
1147             },
1148             'params': {
1149                 'skip_download': True,
1150             },
1151         },
1152         {
1153             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1154             # handle multiple artists on youtube music video
1155             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=74qn0eJSjpA',
1156             'info_dict': {
1157                 'id': '74qn0eJSjpA',
1158                 'ext': 'mp4',
1159                 'title': 'Eastside',
1160                 'description': 'md5:290516bb73dcbfab0dcc4efe6c3de5f2',
1161                 'upload_date': '20180710',
1162                 'uploader': 'Benny Blanco - Topic',
1163                 'uploader_id': 'UCzqz_ksRu_WkIzmivMdIS7A',
1164                 'artist': 'benny blanco, Halsey, Khalid',
1165                 'track': 'Eastside',
1166                 'album': 'Eastside',
1167                 'release_date': '20180713',
1168                 'release_year': 2018,
1169             },
1170             'params': {
1171                 'skip_download': True,
1172             },
1173         },
1174         {
1175             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1176             # handle youtube music video with release_year and no release_date
1177             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-hcAI0g-f5M',
1178             'info_dict': {
1179                 'id': '-hcAI0g-f5M',
1180                 'ext': 'mp4',
1181                 'title': 'Put It On Me',
1182                 'description': 'md5:93c55acc682ae7b0c668f2e34e1c069e',
1183                 'upload_date': '20180426',
1184                 'uploader': 'Matt Maeson - Topic',
1185                 'uploader_id': 'UCnEkIGqtGcQMLk73Kp-Q5LQ',
1186                 'artist': 'Matt Maeson',
1187                 'track': 'Put It On Me',
1188                 'album': 'The Hearse',
1189                 'release_date': None,
1190                 'release_year': 2018,
1191             },
1192             'params': {
1193                 'skip_download': True,
1194             },
1195         },
1196     ]
1197
1198     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
1199         super(YoutubeIE, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
1200         self._player_cache = {}
1201
1202     def report_video_info_webpage_download(self, video_id):
1203         """Report attempt to download video info webpage."""
1204         self.to_screen('%s: Downloading video info webpage' % video_id)
1205
1206     def report_information_extraction(self, video_id):
1207         """Report attempt to extract video information."""
1208         self.to_screen('%s: Extracting video information' % video_id)
1209
1210     def report_unavailable_format(self, video_id, format):
1211         """Report extracted video URL."""
1212         self.to_screen('%s: Format %s not available' % (video_id, format))
1213
1214     def report_rtmp_download(self):
1215         """Indicate the download will use the RTMP protocol."""
1216         self.to_screen('RTMP download detected')
1217
1218     def _signature_cache_id(self, example_sig):
1219         """ Return a string representation of a signature """
1220         return '.'.join(compat_str(len(part)) for part in example_sig.split('.'))
1221
1222     def _extract_signature_function(self, video_id, player_url, example_sig):
1223         id_m = re.match(
1224             r'.*?-(?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)(?:/watch_as3|/html5player(?:-new)?|(?:/[a-z]{2,3}_[A-Z]{2})?/base)?\.(?P<ext>[a-z]+)$',
1225             player_url)
1226         if not id_m:
1227             raise ExtractorError('Cannot identify player %r' % player_url)
1228         player_type = id_m.group('ext')
1229         player_id = id_m.group('id')
1230
1231         # Read from filesystem cache
1232         func_id = '%s_%s_%s' % (
1233             player_type, player_id, self._signature_cache_id(example_sig))
1234         assert os.path.basename(func_id) == func_id
1235
1236         cache_spec = self._downloader.cache.load('youtube-sigfuncs', func_id)
1237         if cache_spec is not None:
1238             return lambda s: ''.join(s[i] for i in cache_spec)
1239
1240         download_note = (
1241             'Downloading player %s' % player_url
1242             if self._downloader.params.get('verbose') else
1243             'Downloading %s player %s' % (player_type, player_id)
1244         )
1245         if player_type == 'js':
1246             code = self._download_webpage(
1247                 player_url, video_id,
1248                 note=download_note,
1249                 errnote='Download of %s failed' % player_url)
1250             res = self._parse_sig_js(code)
1251         elif player_type == 'swf':
1252             urlh = self._request_webpage(
1253                 player_url, video_id,
1254                 note=download_note,
1255                 errnote='Download of %s failed' % player_url)
1256             code = urlh.read()
1257             res = self._parse_sig_swf(code)
1258         else:
1259             assert False, 'Invalid player type %r' % player_type
1260
1261         test_string = ''.join(map(compat_chr, range(len(example_sig))))
1262         cache_res = res(test_string)
1263         cache_spec = [ord(c) for c in cache_res]
1264
1265         self._downloader.cache.store('youtube-sigfuncs', func_id, cache_spec)
1266         return res
1267
1268     def _print_sig_code(self, func, example_sig):
1269         def gen_sig_code(idxs):
1270             def _genslice(start, end, step):
1271                 starts = '' if start == 0 else str(start)
1272                 ends = (':%d' % (end + step)) if end + step >= 0 else ':'
1273                 steps = '' if step == 1 else (':%d' % step)
1274                 return 's[%s%s%s]' % (starts, ends, steps)
1275
1276             step = None
1277             # Quelch pyflakes warnings - start will be set when step is set
1278             start = '(Never used)'
1279             for i, prev in zip(idxs[1:], idxs[:-1]):
1280                 if step is not None:
1281                     if i - prev == step:
1282                         continue
1283                     yield _genslice(start, prev, step)
1284                     step = None
1285                     continue
1286                 if i - prev in [-1, 1]:
1287                     step = i - prev
1288                     start = prev
1289                     continue
1290                 else:
1291                     yield 's[%d]' % prev
1292             if step is None:
1293                 yield 's[%d]' % i
1294             else:
1295                 yield _genslice(start, i, step)
1296
1297         test_string = ''.join(map(compat_chr, range(len(example_sig))))
1298         cache_res = func(test_string)
1299         cache_spec = [ord(c) for c in cache_res]
1300         expr_code = ' + '.join(gen_sig_code(cache_spec))
1301         signature_id_tuple = '(%s)' % (
1302             ', '.join(compat_str(len(p)) for p in example_sig.split('.')))
1303         code = ('if tuple(len(p) for p in s.split(\'.\')) == %s:\n'
1304                 '    return %s\n') % (signature_id_tuple, expr_code)
1305         self.to_screen('Extracted signature function:\n' + code)
1306
1307     def _parse_sig_js(self, jscode):
1308         funcname = self._search_regex(
1309             (r'(["\'])signature\1\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1310              r'\.sig\|\|(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1311              r'yt\.akamaized\.net/\)\s*\|\|\s*.*?\s*c\s*&&\s*d\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?:encodeURIComponent\s*\()?(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1312              r'\bc\s*&&\s*d\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?:encodeURIComponent\s*\()?\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1313              r'\bc\s*&&\s*d\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*\([^)]*\)\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\('),
1314             jscode, 'Initial JS player signature function name', group='sig')
1315
1316         jsi = JSInterpreter(jscode)
1317         initial_function = jsi.extract_function(funcname)
1318         return lambda s: initial_function([s])
1319
1320     def _parse_sig_swf(self, file_contents):
1321         swfi = SWFInterpreter(file_contents)
1322         TARGET_CLASSNAME = 'SignatureDecipher'
1323         searched_class = swfi.extract_class(TARGET_CLASSNAME)
1324         initial_function = swfi.extract_function(searched_class, 'decipher')
1325         return lambda s: initial_function([s])
1326
1327     def _decrypt_signature(self, s, video_id, player_url, age_gate=False):
1328         """Turn the encrypted s field into a working signature"""
1329
1330         if player_url is None:
1331             raise ExtractorError('Cannot decrypt signature without player_url')
1332
1333         if player_url.startswith('//'):
1334             player_url = 'https:' + player_url
1335         elif not re.match(r'https?://', player_url):
1336             player_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin(
1337                 'https://www.youtube.com', player_url)
1338         try:
1339             player_id = (player_url, self._signature_cache_id(s))
1340             if player_id not in self._player_cache:
1341                 func = self._extract_signature_function(
1342                     video_id, player_url, s
1343                 )
1344                 self._player_cache[player_id] = func
1345             func = self._player_cache[player_id]
1346             if self._downloader.params.get('youtube_print_sig_code'):
1347                 self._print_sig_code(func, s)
1348             return func(s)
1349         except Exception as e:
1350             tb = traceback.format_exc()
1351             raise ExtractorError(
1352                 'Signature extraction failed: ' + tb, cause=e)
1353
1354     def _get_subtitles(self, video_id, webpage):
1355         try:
1356             subs_doc = self._download_xml(
1357                 'https://video.google.com/timedtext?hl=en&type=list&v=%s' % video_id,
1358                 video_id, note=False)
1359         except ExtractorError as err:
1360             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to download video subtitles: %s' % error_to_compat_str(err))
1361             return {}
1362
1363         sub_lang_list = {}
1364         for track in subs_doc.findall('track'):
1365             lang = track.attrib['lang_code']
1366             if lang in sub_lang_list:
1367                 continue
1368             sub_formats = []
1369             for ext in self._SUBTITLE_FORMATS:
1370                 params = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
1371                     'lang': lang,
1372                     'v': video_id,
1373                     'fmt': ext,
1374                     'name': track.attrib['name'].encode('utf-8'),
1375                 })
1376                 sub_formats.append({
1377                     'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/api/timedtext?' + params,
1378                     'ext': ext,
1379                 })
1380             sub_lang_list[lang] = sub_formats
1381         if not sub_lang_list:
1382             self._downloader.report_warning('video doesn\'t have subtitles')
1383             return {}
1384         return sub_lang_list
1385
1386     def _get_ytplayer_config(self, video_id, webpage):
1387         patterns = (
1388             # User data may contain arbitrary character sequences that may affect
1389             # JSON extraction with regex, e.g. when '};' is contained the second
1390             # regex won't capture the whole JSON. Yet working around by trying more
1391             # concrete regex first keeping in mind proper quoted string handling
1392             # to be implemented in future that will replace this workaround (see
1393             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7468,
1394             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/7599)
1395             r';ytplayer\.config\s*=\s*({.+?});ytplayer',
1396             r';ytplayer\.config\s*=\s*({.+?});',
1397         )
1398         config = self._search_regex(
1399             patterns, webpage, 'ytplayer.config', default=None)
1400         if config:
1401             return self._parse_json(
1402                 uppercase_escape(config), video_id, fatal=False)
1403
1404     def _get_automatic_captions(self, video_id, webpage):
1405         """We need the webpage for getting the captions url, pass it as an
1406            argument to speed up the process."""
1407         self.to_screen('%s: Looking for automatic captions' % video_id)
1408         player_config = self._get_ytplayer_config(video_id, webpage)
1409         err_msg = 'Couldn\'t find automatic captions for %s' % video_id
1410         if not player_config:
1411             self._downloader.report_warning(err_msg)
1412             return {}
1413         try:
1414             args = player_config['args']
1415             caption_url = args.get('ttsurl')
1416             if caption_url:
1417                 timestamp = args['timestamp']
1418                 # We get the available subtitles
1419                 list_params = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
1420                     'type': 'list',
1421                     'tlangs': 1,
1422                     'asrs': 1,
1423                 })
1424                 list_url = caption_url + '&' + list_params
1425                 caption_list = self._download_xml(list_url, video_id)
1426                 original_lang_node = caption_list.find('track')
1427                 if original_lang_node is None:
1428                     self._downloader.report_warning('Video doesn\'t have automatic captions')
1429                     return {}
1430                 original_lang = original_lang_node.attrib['lang_code']
1431                 caption_kind = original_lang_node.attrib.get('kind', '')
1432
1433                 sub_lang_list = {}
1434                 for lang_node in caption_list.findall('target'):
1435                     sub_lang = lang_node.attrib['lang_code']
1436                     sub_formats = []
1437                     for ext in self._SUBTITLE_FORMATS:
1438                         params = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
1439                             'lang': original_lang,
1440                             'tlang': sub_lang,
1441                             'fmt': ext,
1442                             'ts': timestamp,
1443                             'kind': caption_kind,
1444                         })
1445                         sub_formats.append({
1446                             'url': caption_url + '&' + params,
1447                             'ext': ext,
1448                         })
1449                     sub_lang_list[sub_lang] = sub_formats
1450                 return sub_lang_list
1451
1452             def make_captions(sub_url, sub_langs):
1453                 parsed_sub_url = compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(sub_url)
1454                 caption_qs = compat_parse_qs(parsed_sub_url.query)
1455                 captions = {}
1456                 for sub_lang in sub_langs:
1457                     sub_formats = []
1458                     for ext in self._SUBTITLE_FORMATS:
1459                         caption_qs.update({
1460                             'tlang': [sub_lang],
1461                             'fmt': [ext],
1462                         })
1463                         sub_url = compat_urlparse.urlunparse(parsed_sub_url._replace(
1464                             query=compat_urllib_parse_urlencode(caption_qs, True)))
1465                         sub_formats.append({
1466                             'url': sub_url,
1467                             'ext': ext,
1468                         })
1469                     captions[sub_lang] = sub_formats
1470                 return captions
1471
1472             # New captions format as of 22.06.2017
1473             player_response = args.get('player_response')
1474             if player_response and isinstance(player_response, compat_str):
1475                 player_response = self._parse_json(
1476                     player_response, video_id, fatal=False)
1477                 if player_response:
1478                     renderer = player_response['captions']['playerCaptionsTracklistRenderer']
1479                     base_url = renderer['captionTracks'][0]['baseUrl']
1480                     sub_lang_list = []
1481                     for lang in renderer['translationLanguages']:
1482                         lang_code = lang.get('languageCode')
1483                         if lang_code:
1484                             sub_lang_list.append(lang_code)
1485                     return make_captions(base_url, sub_lang_list)
1486
1487             # Some videos don't provide ttsurl but rather caption_tracks and
1488             # caption_translation_languages (e.g. 20LmZk1hakA)
1489             # Does not used anymore as of 22.06.2017
1490             caption_tracks = args['caption_tracks']
1491             caption_translation_languages = args['caption_translation_languages']
1492             caption_url = compat_parse_qs(caption_tracks.split(',')[0])['u'][0]
1493             sub_lang_list = []
1494             for lang in caption_translation_languages.split(','):
1495                 lang_qs = compat_parse_qs(compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(lang))
1496                 sub_lang = lang_qs.get('lc', [None])[0]
1497                 if sub_lang:
1498                     sub_lang_list.append(sub_lang)
1499             return make_captions(caption_url, sub_lang_list)
1500         # An extractor error can be raise by the download process if there are
1501         # no automatic captions but there are subtitles
1502         except (KeyError, IndexError, ExtractorError):
1503             self._downloader.report_warning(err_msg)
1504             return {}
1505
1506     def _mark_watched(self, video_id, video_info, player_response):
1507         playback_url = url_or_none(try_get(
1508             player_response,
1509             lambda x: x['playbackTracking']['videostatsPlaybackUrl']['baseUrl']) or try_get(
1510             video_info, lambda x: x['videostats_playback_base_url'][0]))
1511         if not playback_url:
1512             return
1513         parsed_playback_url = compat_urlparse.urlparse(playback_url)
1514         qs = compat_urlparse.parse_qs(parsed_playback_url.query)
1515
1516         # cpn generation algorithm is reverse engineered from base.js.
1517         # In fact it works even with dummy cpn.
1518         CPN_ALPHABET = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789-_'
1519         cpn = ''.join((CPN_ALPHABET[random.randint(0, 256) & 63] for _ in range(0, 16)))
1520
1521         qs.update({
1522             'ver': ['2'],
1523             'cpn': [cpn],
1524         })
1525         playback_url = compat_urlparse.urlunparse(
1526             parsed_playback_url._replace(query=compat_urllib_parse_urlencode(qs, True)))
1527
1528         self._download_webpage(
1529             playback_url, video_id, 'Marking watched',
1530             'Unable to mark watched', fatal=False)
1531
1532     @staticmethod
1533     def _extract_urls(webpage):
1534         # Embedded YouTube player
1535         entries = [
1536             unescapeHTML(mobj.group('url'))
1537             for mobj in re.finditer(r'''(?x)
1538             (?:
1539                 <iframe[^>]+?src=|
1540                 data-video-url=|
1541                 <embed[^>]+?src=|
1542                 embedSWF\(?:\s*|
1543                 <object[^>]+data=|
1544                 new\s+SWFObject\(
1545             )
1546             (["\'])
1547                 (?P<url>(?:https?:)?//(?:www\.)?youtube(?:-nocookie)?\.com/
1548                 (?:embed|v|p)/[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}.*?)
1549             \1''', webpage)]
1550
1551         # lazyYT YouTube embed
1552         entries.extend(list(map(
1553             unescapeHTML,
1554             re.findall(r'class="lazyYT" data-youtube-id="([^"]+)"', webpage))))
1555
1556         # Wordpress "YouTube Video Importer" plugin
1557         matches = re.findall(r'''(?x)<div[^>]+
1558             class=(?P<q1>[\'"])[^\'"]*\byvii_single_video_player\b[^\'"]*(?P=q1)[^>]+
1559             data-video_id=(?P<q2>[\'"])([^\'"]+)(?P=q2)''', webpage)
1560         entries.extend(m[-1] for m in matches)
1561
1562         return entries
1563
1564     @staticmethod
1565     def _extract_url(webpage):
1566         urls = YoutubeIE._extract_urls(webpage)
1567         return urls[0] if urls else None
1568
1569     @classmethod
1570     def extract_id(cls, url):
1571         mobj = re.match(cls._VALID_URL, url, re.VERBOSE)
1572         if mobj is None:
1573             raise ExtractorError('Invalid URL: %s' % url)
1574         video_id = mobj.group(2)
1575         return video_id
1576
1577     def _extract_annotations(self, video_id):
1578         url = 'https://www.youtube.com/annotations_invideo?features=1&legacy=1&video_id=%s' % video_id
1579         return self._download_webpage(url, video_id, note='Searching for annotations.', errnote='Unable to download video annotations.')
1580
1581     @staticmethod
1582     def _extract_chapters(description, duration):
1583         if not description:
1584             return None
1585         chapter_lines = re.findall(
1586             r'(?:^|<br\s*/>)([^<]*<a[^>]+onclick=["\']yt\.www\.watch\.player\.seekTo[^>]+>(\d{1,2}:\d{1,2}(?::\d{1,2})?)</a>[^>]*)(?=$|<br\s*/>)',
1587             description)
1588         if not chapter_lines:
1589             return None
1590         chapters = []
1591         for next_num, (chapter_line, time_point) in enumerate(
1592                 chapter_lines, start=1):
1593             start_time = parse_duration(time_point)
1594             if start_time is None:
1595                 continue
1596             if start_time > duration:
1597                 break
1598             end_time = (duration if next_num == len(chapter_lines)
1599                         else parse_duration(chapter_lines[next_num][1]))
1600             if end_time is None:
1601                 continue
1602             if end_time > duration:
1603                 end_time = duration
1604             if start_time > end_time:
1605                 break
1606             chapter_title = re.sub(
1607                 r'<a[^>]+>[^<]+</a>', '', chapter_line).strip(' \t-')
1608             chapter_title = re.sub(r'\s+', ' ', chapter_title)
1609             chapters.append({
1610                 'start_time': start_time,
1611                 'end_time': end_time,
1612                 'title': chapter_title,
1613             })
1614         return chapters
1615
1616     def _real_extract(self, url):
1617         url, smuggled_data = unsmuggle_url(url, {})
1618
1619         proto = (
1620             'http' if self._downloader.params.get('prefer_insecure', False)
1621             else 'https')
1622
1623         start_time = None
1624         end_time = None
1625         parsed_url = compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(url)
1626         for component in [parsed_url.fragment, parsed_url.query]:
1627             query = compat_parse_qs(component)
1628             if start_time is None and 't' in query:
1629                 start_time = parse_duration(query['t'][0])
1630             if start_time is None and 'start' in query:
1631                 start_time = parse_duration(query['start'][0])
1632             if end_time is None and 'end' in query:
1633                 end_time = parse_duration(query['end'][0])
1634
1635         # Extract original video URL from URL with redirection, like age verification, using next_url parameter
1636         mobj = re.search(self._NEXT_URL_RE, url)
1637         if mobj:
1638             url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/' + compat_urllib_parse_unquote(mobj.group(1)).lstrip('/')
1639         video_id = self.extract_id(url)
1640
1641         # Get video webpage
1642         url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s&gl=US&hl=en&has_verified=1&bpctr=9999999999' % video_id
1643         video_webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
1644
1645         # Attempt to extract SWF player URL
1646         mobj = re.search(r'swfConfig.*?"(https?:\\/\\/.*?watch.*?-.*?\.swf)"', video_webpage)
1647         if mobj is not None:
1648             player_url = re.sub(r'\\(.)', r'\1', mobj.group(1))
1649         else:
1650             player_url = None
1651
1652         dash_mpds = []
1653
1654         def add_dash_mpd(video_info):
1655             dash_mpd = video_info.get('dashmpd')
1656             if dash_mpd and dash_mpd[0] not in dash_mpds:
1657                 dash_mpds.append(dash_mpd[0])
1658
1659         def add_dash_mpd_pr(pl_response):
1660             dash_mpd = url_or_none(try_get(
1661                 pl_response, lambda x: x['streamingData']['dashManifestUrl'],
1662                 compat_str))
1663             if dash_mpd and dash_mpd not in dash_mpds:
1664                 dash_mpds.append(dash_mpd)
1665
1666         is_live = None
1667         view_count = None
1668
1669         def extract_view_count(v_info):
1670             return int_or_none(try_get(v_info, lambda x: x['view_count'][0]))
1671
1672         def extract_token(v_info):
1673             return dict_get(v_info, ('account_playback_token', 'accountPlaybackToken', 'token'))
1674
1675         player_response = {}
1676
1677         # Get video info
1678         embed_webpage = None
1679         if re.search(r'player-age-gate-content">', video_webpage) is not None:
1680             age_gate = True
1681             # We simulate the access to the video from www.youtube.com/v/{video_id}
1682             # this can be viewed without login into Youtube
1683             url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/embed/%s' % video_id
1684             embed_webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id, 'Downloading embed webpage')
1685             data = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
1686                 'video_id': video_id,
1687                 'eurl': 'https://youtube.googleapis.com/v/' + video_id,
1688                 'sts': self._search_regex(
1689                     r'"sts"\s*:\s*(\d+)', embed_webpage, 'sts', default=''),
1690             })
1691             video_info_url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/get_video_info?' + data
1692             video_info_webpage = self._download_webpage(
1693                 video_info_url, video_id,
1694                 note='Refetching age-gated info webpage',
1695                 errnote='unable to download video info webpage')
1696             video_info = compat_parse_qs(video_info_webpage)
1697             add_dash_mpd(video_info)
1698         else:
1699             age_gate = False
1700             video_info = None
1701             sts = None
1702             # Try looking directly into the video webpage
1703             ytplayer_config = self._get_ytplayer_config(video_id, video_webpage)
1704             if ytplayer_config:
1705                 args = ytplayer_config['args']
1706                 if args.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map') or args.get('hlsvp'):
1707                     # Convert to the same format returned by compat_parse_qs
1708                     video_info = dict((k, [v]) for k, v in args.items())
1709                     add_dash_mpd(video_info)
1710                 # Rental video is not rented but preview is available (e.g.
1711                 # https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yYr8q0y5Jfg,
1712                 # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/10532)
1713                 if not video_info and args.get('ypc_vid'):
1714                     return self.url_result(
1715                         args['ypc_vid'], YoutubeIE.ie_key(), video_id=args['ypc_vid'])
1716                 if args.get('livestream') == '1' or args.get('live_playback') == 1:
1717                     is_live = True
1718                 sts = ytplayer_config.get('sts')
1719                 if not player_response:
1720                     pl_response = str_or_none(args.get('player_response'))
1721                     if pl_response:
1722                         pl_response = self._parse_json(pl_response, video_id, fatal=False)
1723                         if isinstance(pl_response, dict):
1724                             player_response = pl_response
1725             if not video_info or self._downloader.params.get('youtube_include_dash_manifest', True):
1726                 add_dash_mpd_pr(player_response)
1727                 # We also try looking in get_video_info since it may contain different dashmpd
1728                 # URL that points to a DASH manifest with possibly different itag set (some itags
1729                 # are missing from DASH manifest pointed by webpage's dashmpd, some - from DASH
1730                 # manifest pointed by get_video_info's dashmpd).
1731                 # The general idea is to take a union of itags of both DASH manifests (for example
1732                 # video with such 'manifest behavior' see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/6093)
1733                 self.report_video_info_webpage_download(video_id)
1734                 for el in ('embedded', 'detailpage', 'vevo', ''):
1735                     query = {
1736                         'video_id': video_id,
1737                         'ps': 'default',
1738                         'eurl': '',
1739                         'gl': 'US',
1740                         'hl': 'en',
1741                     }
1742                     if el:
1743                         query['el'] = el
1744                     if sts:
1745                         query['sts'] = sts
1746                     video_info_webpage = self._download_webpage(
1747                         '%s://www.youtube.com/get_video_info' % proto,
1748                         video_id, note=False,
1749                         errnote='unable to download video info webpage',
1750                         fatal=False, query=query)
1751                     if not video_info_webpage:
1752                         continue
1753                     get_video_info = compat_parse_qs(video_info_webpage)
1754                     if not player_response:
1755                         pl_response = get_video_info.get('player_response', [None])[0]
1756                         if isinstance(pl_response, dict):
1757                             player_response = pl_response
1758                             add_dash_mpd_pr(player_response)
1759                     add_dash_mpd(get_video_info)
1760                     if view_count is None:
1761                         view_count = extract_view_count(get_video_info)
1762                     if not video_info:
1763                         video_info = get_video_info
1764                     get_token = extract_token(get_video_info)
1765                     if get_token:
1766                         # Different get_video_info requests may report different results, e.g.
1767                         # some may report video unavailability, but some may serve it without
1768                         # any complaint (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7362,
1769                         # the original webpage as well as el=info and el=embedded get_video_info
1770                         # requests report video unavailability due to geo restriction while
1771                         # el=detailpage succeeds and returns valid data). This is probably
1772                         # due to YouTube measures against IP ranges of hosting providers.
1773                         # Working around by preferring the first succeeded video_info containing
1774                         # the token if no such video_info yet was found.
1775                         token = extract_token(video_info)
1776                         if not token:
1777                             video_info = get_video_info
1778                         break
1779
1780         def extract_unavailable_message():
1781             return self._html_search_regex(
1782                 r'(?s)<h1[^>]+id="unavailable-message"[^>]*>(.+?)</h1>',
1783                 video_webpage, 'unavailable message', default=None)
1784
1785         if not video_info:
1786             unavailable_message = extract_unavailable_message()
1787             if not unavailable_message:
1788                 unavailable_message = 'Unable to extract video data'
1789             raise ExtractorError(
1790                 'YouTube said: %s' % unavailable_message, expected=True, video_id=video_id)
1791
1792         video_details = try_get(
1793             player_response, lambda x: x['videoDetails'], dict) or {}
1794
1795         # title
1796         if 'title' in video_info:
1797             video_title = video_info['title'][0]
1798         elif 'title' in player_response:
1799             video_title = video_details['title']
1800         else:
1801             self._downloader.report_warning('Unable to extract video title')
1802             video_title = '_'
1803
1804         # description
1805         description_original = video_description = get_element_by_id("eow-description", video_webpage)
1806         if video_description:
1807
1808             def replace_url(m):
1809                 redir_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin(url, m.group(1))
1810                 parsed_redir_url = compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(redir_url)
1811                 if re.search(r'^(?:www\.)?(?:youtube(?:-nocookie)?\.com|youtu\.be)$', parsed_redir_url.netloc) and parsed_redir_url.path == '/redirect':
1812                     qs = compat_parse_qs(parsed_redir_url.query)
1813                     q = qs.get('q')
1814                     if q and q[0]:
1815                         return q[0]
1816                 return redir_url
1817
1818             description_original = video_description = re.sub(r'''(?x)
1819                 <a\s+
1820                     (?:[a-zA-Z-]+="[^"]*"\s+)*?
1821                     (?:title|href)="([^"]+)"\s+
1822                     (?:[a-zA-Z-]+="[^"]*"\s+)*?
1823                     class="[^"]*"[^>]*>
1824                 [^<]+\.{3}\s*
1825                 </a>
1826             ''', replace_url, video_description)
1827             video_description = clean_html(video_description)
1828         else:
1829             fd_mobj = re.search(r'<meta name="description" content="([^"]+)"', video_webpage)
1830             if fd_mobj:
1831                 video_description = unescapeHTML(fd_mobj.group(1))
1832             else:
1833                 video_description = ''
1834
1835         if not smuggled_data.get('force_singlefeed', False):
1836             if not self._downloader.params.get('noplaylist'):
1837                 multifeed_metadata_list = try_get(
1838                     player_response,
1839                     lambda x: x['multicamera']['playerLegacyMulticameraRenderer']['metadataList'],
1840                     compat_str) or try_get(
1841                     video_info, lambda x: x['multifeed_metadata_list'][0], compat_str)
1842                 if multifeed_metadata_list:
1843                     entries = []
1844                     feed_ids = []
1845                     for feed in multifeed_metadata_list.split(','):
1846                         # Unquote should take place before split on comma (,) since textual
1847                         # fields may contain comma as well (see
1848                         # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8536)
1849                         feed_data = compat_parse_qs(compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(feed))
1850                         entries.append({
1851                             '_type': 'url_transparent',
1852                             'ie_key': 'Youtube',
1853                             'url': smuggle_url(
1854                                 '%s://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s' % (proto, feed_data['id'][0]),
1855                                 {'force_singlefeed': True}),
1856                             'title': '%s (%s)' % (video_title, feed_data['title'][0]),
1857                         })
1858                         feed_ids.append(feed_data['id'][0])
1859                     self.to_screen(
1860                         'Downloading multifeed video (%s) - add --no-playlist to just download video %s'
1861                         % (', '.join(feed_ids), video_id))
1862                     return self.playlist_result(entries, video_id, video_title, video_description)
1863             else:
1864                 self.to_screen('Downloading just video %s because of --no-playlist' % video_id)
1865
1866         if view_count is None:
1867             view_count = extract_view_count(video_info)
1868         if view_count is None and video_details:
1869             view_count = int_or_none(video_details.get('viewCount'))
1870
1871         # Check for "rental" videos
1872         if 'ypc_video_rental_bar_text' in video_info and 'author' not in video_info:
1873             raise ExtractorError('"rental" videos not supported. See https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/359 for more information.', expected=True)
1874
1875         def _extract_filesize(media_url):
1876             return int_or_none(self._search_regex(
1877                 r'\bclen[=/](\d+)', media_url, 'filesize', default=None))
1878
1879         if 'conn' in video_info and video_info['conn'][0].startswith('rtmp'):
1880             self.report_rtmp_download()
1881             formats = [{
1882                 'format_id': '_rtmp',
1883                 'protocol': 'rtmp',
1884                 'url': video_info['conn'][0],
1885                 'player_url': player_url,
1886             }]
1887         elif not is_live and (len(video_info.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map', [''])[0]) >= 1 or len(video_info.get('adaptive_fmts', [''])[0]) >= 1):
1888             encoded_url_map = video_info.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map', [''])[0] + ',' + video_info.get('adaptive_fmts', [''])[0]
1889             if 'rtmpe%3Dyes' in encoded_url_map:
1890                 raise ExtractorError('rtmpe downloads are not supported, see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/343 for more information.', expected=True)
1891             formats_spec = {}
1892             fmt_list = video_info.get('fmt_list', [''])[0]
1893             if fmt_list:
1894                 for fmt in fmt_list.split(','):
1895                     spec = fmt.split('/')
1896                     if len(spec) > 1:
1897                         width_height = spec[1].split('x')
1898                         if len(width_height) == 2:
1899                             formats_spec[spec[0]] = {
1900                                 'resolution': spec[1],
1901                                 'width': int_or_none(width_height[0]),
1902                                 'height': int_or_none(width_height[1]),
1903                             }
1904             q = qualities(['small', 'medium', 'hd720'])
1905             streaming_formats = try_get(player_response, lambda x: x['streamingData']['formats'], list)
1906             if streaming_formats:
1907                 for fmt in streaming_formats:
1908                     itag = str_or_none(fmt.get('itag'))
1909                     if not itag:
1910                         continue
1911                     quality = fmt.get('quality')
1912                     quality_label = fmt.get('qualityLabel') or quality
1913                     formats_spec[itag] = {
1914                         'asr': int_or_none(fmt.get('audioSampleRate')),
1915                         'filesize': int_or_none(fmt.get('contentLength')),
1916                         'format_note': quality_label,
1917                         'fps': int_or_none(fmt.get('fps')),
1918                         'height': int_or_none(fmt.get('height')),
1919                         'quality': q(quality),
1920                         # bitrate for itag 43 is always 2147483647
1921                         'tbr': float_or_none(fmt.get('averageBitrate') or fmt.get('bitrate'), 1000) if itag != '43' else None,
1922                         'width': int_or_none(fmt.get('width')),
1923                     }
1924             formats = []
1925             for url_data_str in encoded_url_map.split(','):
1926                 url_data = compat_parse_qs(url_data_str)
1927                 if 'itag' not in url_data or 'url' not in url_data or url_data.get('drm_families'):
1928                     continue
1929                 stream_type = int_or_none(try_get(url_data, lambda x: x['stream_type'][0]))
1930                 # Unsupported FORMAT_STREAM_TYPE_OTF
1931                 if stream_type == 3:
1932                     continue
1933                 format_id = url_data['itag'][0]
1934                 url = url_data['url'][0]
1935
1936                 if 's' in url_data or self._downloader.params.get('youtube_include_dash_manifest', True):
1937                     ASSETS_RE = r'"assets":.+?"js":\s*("[^"]+")'
1938                     jsplayer_url_json = self._search_regex(
1939                         ASSETS_RE,
1940                         embed_webpage if age_gate else video_webpage,
1941                         'JS player URL (1)', default=None)
1942                     if not jsplayer_url_json and not age_gate:
1943                         # We need the embed website after all
1944                         if embed_webpage is None:
1945                             embed_url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/embed/%s' % video_id
1946                             embed_webpage = self._download_webpage(
1947                                 embed_url, video_id, 'Downloading embed webpage')
1948                         jsplayer_url_json = self._search_regex(
1949                             ASSETS_RE, embed_webpage, 'JS player URL')
1950
1951                     player_url = json.loads(jsplayer_url_json)
1952                     if player_url is None:
1953                         player_url_json = self._search_regex(
1954                             r'ytplayer\.config.*?"url"\s*:\s*("[^"]+")',
1955                             video_webpage, 'age gate player URL')
1956                         player_url = json.loads(player_url_json)
1957
1958                 if 'sig' in url_data:
1959                     url += '&signature=' + url_data['sig'][0]
1960                 elif 's' in url_data:
1961                     encrypted_sig = url_data['s'][0]
1962
1963                     if self._downloader.params.get('verbose'):
1964                         if player_url is None:
1965                             player_version = 'unknown'
1966                             player_desc = 'unknown'
1967                         else:
1968                             if player_url.endswith('swf'):
1969                                 player_version = self._search_regex(
1970                                     r'-(.+?)(?:/watch_as3)?\.swf$', player_url,
1971                                     'flash player', fatal=False)
1972                                 player_desc = 'flash player %s' % player_version
1973                             else:
1974                                 player_version = self._search_regex(
1975                                     [r'html5player-([^/]+?)(?:/html5player(?:-new)?)?\.js',
1976                                      r'(?:www|player(?:_ias)?)-([^/]+)(?:/[a-z]{2,3}_[A-Z]{2})?/base\.js'],
1977                                     player_url,
1978                                     'html5 player', fatal=False)
1979                                 player_desc = 'html5 player %s' % player_version
1980
1981                         parts_sizes = self._signature_cache_id(encrypted_sig)
1982                         self.to_screen('{%s} signature length %s, %s' %
1983                                        (format_id, parts_sizes, player_desc))
1984
1985                     signature = self._decrypt_signature(
1986                         encrypted_sig, video_id, player_url, age_gate)
1987                     sp = try_get(url_data, lambda x: x['sp'][0], compat_str) or 'signature'
1988                     url += '&%s=%s' % (sp, signature)
1989                 if 'ratebypass' not in url:
1990                     url += '&ratebypass=yes'
1991
1992                 dct = {
1993                     'format_id': format_id,
1994                     'url': url,
1995                     'player_url': player_url,
1996                 }
1997                 if format_id in self._formats:
1998                     dct.update(self._formats[format_id])
1999                 if format_id in formats_spec:
2000                     dct.update(formats_spec[format_id])
2001
2002                 # Some itags are not included in DASH manifest thus corresponding formats will
2003                 # lack metadata (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/5993).
2004                 # Trying to extract metadata from url_encoded_fmt_stream_map entry.
2005                 mobj = re.search(r'^(?P<width>\d+)[xX](?P<height>\d+)$', url_data.get('size', [''])[0])
2006                 width, height = (int(mobj.group('width')), int(mobj.group('height'))) if mobj else (None, None)
2007
2008                 filesize = int_or_none(url_data.get(
2009                     'clen', [None])[0]) or _extract_filesize(url)
2010
2011                 quality = url_data.get('quality', [None])[0]
2012
2013                 more_fields = {
2014                     'filesize': filesize,
2015                     'tbr': float_or_none(url_data.get('bitrate', [None])[0], 1000),
2016                     'width': width,
2017                     'height': height,
2018                     'fps': int_or_none(url_data.get('fps', [None])[0]),
2019                     'format_note': url_data.get('quality_label', [None])[0] or quality,
2020                     'quality': q(quality),
2021                 }
2022                 for key, value in more_fields.items():
2023                     if value:
2024                         dct[key] = value
2025                 type_ = url_data.get('type', [None])[0]
2026                 if type_:
2027                     type_split = type_.split(';')
2028                     kind_ext = type_split[0].split('/')
2029                     if len(kind_ext) == 2:
2030                         kind, _ = kind_ext
2031                         dct['ext'] = mimetype2ext(type_split[0])
2032                         if kind in ('audio', 'video'):
2033                             codecs = None
2034                             for mobj in re.finditer(
2035                                     r'(?P<key>[a-zA-Z_-]+)=(?P<quote>["\']?)(?P<val>.+?)(?P=quote)(?:;|$)', type_):
2036                                 if mobj.group('key') == 'codecs':
2037                                     codecs = mobj.group('val')
2038                                     break
2039                             if codecs:
2040                                 dct.update(parse_codecs(codecs))
2041                 if dct.get('acodec') == 'none' or dct.get('vcodec') == 'none':
2042                     dct['downloader_options'] = {
2043                         # Youtube throttles chunks >~10M
2044                         'http_chunk_size': 10485760,
2045                     }
2046                 formats.append(dct)
2047         else:
2048             manifest_url = (
2049                 url_or_none(try_get(
2050                     player_response,
2051                     lambda x: x['streamingData']['hlsManifestUrl'],
2052                     compat_str))
2053                 or url_or_none(try_get(
2054                     video_info, lambda x: x['hlsvp'][0], compat_str)))
2055             if manifest_url:
2056                 formats = []
2057                 m3u8_formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
2058                     manifest_url, video_id, 'mp4', fatal=False)
2059                 for a_format in m3u8_formats:
2060                     itag = self._search_regex(
2061                         r'/itag/(\d+)/', a_format['url'], 'itag', default=None)
2062                     if itag:
2063                         a_format['format_id'] = itag
2064                         if itag in self._formats:
2065                             dct = self._formats[itag].copy()
2066                             dct.update(a_format)
2067                             a_format = dct
2068                     a_format['player_url'] = player_url
2069                     # Accept-Encoding header causes failures in live streams on Youtube and Youtube Gaming
2070                     a_format.setdefault('http_headers', {})['Youtubedl-no-compression'] = 'True'
2071                     formats.append(a_format)
2072             else:
2073                 error_message = clean_html(video_info.get('reason', [None])[0])
2074                 if not error_message:
2075                     error_message = extract_unavailable_message()
2076                 if error_message:
2077                     raise ExtractorError(error_message, expected=True)
2078                 raise ExtractorError('no conn, hlsvp, hlsManifestUrl or url_encoded_fmt_stream_map information found in video info')
2079
2080         # uploader
2081         video_uploader = try_get(
2082             video_info, lambda x: x['author'][0],
2083             compat_str) or str_or_none(video_details.get('author'))
2084         if video_uploader:
2085             video_uploader = compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(video_uploader)
2086         else:
2087             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to extract uploader name')
2088
2089         # uploader_id
2090         video_uploader_id = None
2091         video_uploader_url = None
2092         mobj = re.search(
2093             r'<link itemprop="url" href="(?P<uploader_url>https?://www\.youtube\.com/(?:user|channel)/(?P<uploader_id>[^"]+))">',
2094             video_webpage)
2095         if mobj is not None:
2096             video_uploader_id = mobj.group('uploader_id')
2097             video_uploader_url = mobj.group('uploader_url')
2098         else:
2099             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to extract uploader nickname')
2100
2101         channel_id = (
2102             str_or_none(video_details.get('channelId'))
2103             or self._html_search_meta(
2104                 'channelId', video_webpage, 'channel id', default=None)
2105             or self._search_regex(
2106                 r'data-channel-external-id=(["\'])(?P<id>(?:(?!\1).)+)\1',
2107                 video_webpage, 'channel id', default=None, group='id'))
2108         channel_url = 'http://www.youtube.com/channel/%s' % channel_id if channel_id else None
2109
2110         # thumbnail image
2111         # We try first to get a high quality image:
2112         m_thumb = re.search(r'<span itemprop="thumbnail".*?href="(.*?)">',
2113                             video_webpage, re.DOTALL)
2114         if m_thumb is not None:
2115             video_thumbnail = m_thumb.group(1)
2116         elif 'thumbnail_url' not in video_info:
2117             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to extract video thumbnail')
2118             video_thumbnail = None
2119         else:   # don't panic if we can't find it
2120             video_thumbnail = compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(video_info['thumbnail_url'][0])
2121
2122         # upload date
2123         upload_date = self._html_search_meta(
2124             'datePublished', video_webpage, 'upload date', default=None)
2125         if not upload_date:
2126             upload_date = self._search_regex(
2127                 [r'(?s)id="eow-date.*?>(.*?)</span>',
2128                  r'(?:id="watch-uploader-info".*?>.*?|["\']simpleText["\']\s*:\s*["\'])(?:Published|Uploaded|Streamed live|Started) on (.+?)[<"\']'],
2129                 video_webpage, 'upload date', default=None)
2130         upload_date = unified_strdate(upload_date)
2131
2132         video_license = self._html_search_regex(
2133             r'<h4[^>]+class="title"[^>]*>\s*License\s*</h4>\s*<ul[^>]*>\s*<li>(.+?)</li',
2134             video_webpage, 'license', default=None)
2135
2136         m_music = re.search(
2137             r'''(?x)
2138                 <h4[^>]+class="title"[^>]*>\s*Music\s*</h4>\s*
2139                 <ul[^>]*>\s*
2140                 <li>(?P<title>.+?)
2141                 by (?P<creator>.+?)
2142                 (?:
2143                     \(.+?\)|
2144                     <a[^>]*
2145                         (?:
2146                             \bhref=["\']/red[^>]*>|             # drop possible
2147                             >\s*Listen ad-free with YouTube Red # YouTube Red ad
2148                         )
2149                     .*?
2150                 )?</li
2151             ''',
2152             video_webpage)
2153         if m_music:
2154             video_alt_title = remove_quotes(unescapeHTML(m_music.group('title')))
2155             video_creator = clean_html(m_music.group('creator'))
2156         else:
2157             video_alt_title = video_creator = None
2158
2159         def extract_meta(field):
2160             return self._html_search_regex(
2161                 r'<h4[^>]+class="title"[^>]*>\s*%s\s*</h4>\s*<ul[^>]*>\s*<li>(.+?)</li>\s*' % field,
2162                 video_webpage, field, default=None)
2163
2164         track = extract_meta('Song')
2165         artist = extract_meta('Artist')
2166         album = extract_meta('Album')
2167
2168         # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
2169         release_date = release_year = None
2170         if video_description:
2171             mobj = re.search(r'(?s)Provided to YouTube by [^\n]+\n+(?P<track>[^·]+)·(?P<artist>[^\n]+)\n+(?P<album>[^\n]+)(?:.+?℗\s*(?P<release_year>\d{4})(?!\d))?(?:.+?Released on\s*:\s*(?P<release_date>\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}))?(.+?\nArtist\s*:\s*(?P<clean_artist>[^\n]+))?', video_description)
2172             if mobj:
2173                 if not track:
2174                     track = mobj.group('track').strip()
2175                 if not artist:
2176                     artist = mobj.group('clean_artist') or ', '.join(a.strip() for a in mobj.group('artist').split('·'))
2177                 if not album:
2178                     album = mobj.group('album'.strip())
2179                 release_year = mobj.group('release_year')
2180                 release_date = mobj.group('release_date')
2181                 if release_date:
2182                     release_date = release_date.replace('-', '')
2183                     if not release_year:
2184                         release_year = int(release_date[:4])
2185                 if release_year:
2186                     release_year = int(release_year)
2187
2188         m_episode = re.search(
2189             r'<div[^>]+id="watch7-headline"[^>]*>\s*<span[^>]*>.*?>(?P<series>[^<]+)</a></b>\s*S(?P<season>\d+)\s*•\s*E(?P<episode>\d+)</span>',
2190             video_webpage)
2191         if m_episode:
2192             series = unescapeHTML(m_episode.group('series'))
2193             season_number = int(m_episode.group('season'))
2194             episode_number = int(m_episode.group('episode'))
2195         else:
2196             series = season_number = episode_number = None
2197
2198         m_cat_container = self._search_regex(
2199             r'(?s)<h4[^>]*>\s*Category\s*</h4>\s*<ul[^>]*>(.*?)</ul>',
2200             video_webpage, 'categories', default=None)
2201         if m_cat_container:
2202             category = self._html_search_regex(
2203                 r'(?s)<a[^<]+>(.*?)</a>', m_cat_container, 'category',
2204                 default=None)
2205             video_categories = None if category is None else [category]
2206         else:
2207             video_categories = None
2208
2209         video_tags = [
2210             unescapeHTML(m.group('content'))
2211             for m in re.finditer(self._meta_regex('og:video:tag'), video_webpage)]
2212
2213         def _extract_count(count_name):
2214             return str_to_int(self._search_regex(
2215                 r'-%s-button[^>]+><span[^>]+class="yt-uix-button-content"[^>]*>([\d,]+)</span>'
2216                 % re.escape(count_name),
2217                 video_webpage, count_name, default=None))
2218
2219         like_count = _extract_count('like')
2220         dislike_count = _extract_count('dislike')
2221
2222         if view_count is None:
2223             view_count = str_to_int(self._search_regex(
2224                 r'<[^>]+class=["\']watch-view-count[^>]+>\s*([\d,\s]+)', video_webpage,
2225                 'view count', default=None))
2226
2227         average_rating = (
2228             float_or_none(video_details.get('averageRating'))
2229             or try_get(video_info, lambda x: float_or_none(x['avg_rating'][0])))
2230
2231         # subtitles
2232         video_subtitles = self.extract_subtitles(video_id, video_webpage)
2233         automatic_captions = self.extract_automatic_captions(video_id, video_webpage)
2234
2235         video_duration = try_get(
2236             video_info, lambda x: int_or_none(x['length_seconds'][0]))
2237         if not video_duration:
2238             video_duration = int_or_none(video_details.get('lengthSeconds'))
2239         if not video_duration:
2240             video_duration = parse_duration(self._html_search_meta(
2241                 'duration', video_webpage, 'video duration'))
2242
2243         # annotations
2244         video_annotations = None
2245         if self._downloader.params.get('writeannotations', False):
2246             video_annotations = self._extract_annotations(video_id)
2247
2248         chapters = self._extract_chapters(description_original, video_duration)
2249
2250         # Look for the DASH manifest
2251         if self._downloader.params.get('youtube_include_dash_manifest', True):
2252             dash_mpd_fatal = True
2253             for mpd_url in dash_mpds:
2254                 dash_formats = {}
2255                 try:
2256                     def decrypt_sig(mobj):
2257                         s = mobj.group(1)
2258                         dec_s = self._decrypt_signature(s, video_id, player_url, age_gate)
2259                         return '/signature/%s' % dec_s
2260
2261                     mpd_url = re.sub(r'/s/([a-fA-F0-9\.]+)', decrypt_sig, mpd_url)
2262
2263                     for df in self._extract_mpd_formats(
2264                             mpd_url, video_id, fatal=dash_mpd_fatal,
2265                             formats_dict=self._formats):
2266                         if not df.get('filesize'):
2267                             df['filesize'] = _extract_filesize(df['url'])
2268                         # Do not overwrite DASH format found in some previous DASH manifest
2269                         if df['format_id'] not in dash_formats:
2270                             dash_formats[df['format_id']] = df
2271                         # Additional DASH manifests may end up in HTTP Error 403 therefore
2272                         # allow them to fail without bug report message if we already have
2273                         # some DASH manifest succeeded. This is temporary workaround to reduce
2274                         # burst of bug reports until we figure out the reason and whether it
2275                         # can be fixed at all.
2276                         dash_mpd_fatal = False
2277                 except (ExtractorError, KeyError) as e:
2278                     self.report_warning(
2279                         'Skipping DASH manifest: %r' % e, video_id)
2280                 if dash_formats:
2281                     # Remove the formats we found through non-DASH, they
2282                     # contain less info and it can be wrong, because we use
2283                     # fixed values (for example the resolution). See
2284                     # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/5774 for an
2285                     # example.
2286                     formats = [f for f in formats if f['format_id'] not in dash_formats.keys()]
2287                     formats.extend(dash_formats.values())
2288
2289         # Check for malformed aspect ratio
2290         stretched_m = re.search(
2291             r'<meta\s+property="og:video:tag".*?content="yt:stretch=(?P<w>[0-9]+):(?P<h>[0-9]+)">',
2292             video_webpage)
2293         if stretched_m:
2294             w = float(stretched_m.group('w'))
2295             h = float(stretched_m.group('h'))
2296             # yt:stretch may hold invalid ratio data (e.g. for Q39EVAstoRM ratio is 17:0).
2297             # We will only process correct ratios.
2298             if w > 0 and h > 0:
2299                 ratio = w / h
2300                 for f in formats:
2301                     if f.get('vcodec') != 'none':
2302                         f['stretched_ratio'] = ratio
2303
2304         if not formats:
2305             token = extract_token(video_info)
2306             if not token:
2307                 if 'reason' in video_info:
2308                     if 'The uploader has not made this video available in your country.' in video_info['reason']:
2309                         regions_allowed = self._html_search_meta(
2310                             'regionsAllowed', video_webpage, default=None)
2311                         countries = regions_allowed.split(',') if regions_allowed else None
2312                         self.raise_geo_restricted(
2313                             msg=video_info['reason'][0], countries=countries)
2314                     reason = video_info['reason'][0]
2315                     if 'Invalid parameters' in reason:
2316                         unavailable_message = extract_unavailable_message()
2317                         if unavailable_message:
2318                             reason = unavailable_message
2319                     raise ExtractorError(
2320                         'YouTube said: %s' % reason,
2321                         expected=True, video_id=video_id)
2322                 else:
2323                     raise ExtractorError(
2324                         '"token" parameter not in video info for unknown reason',
2325                         video_id=video_id)
2326
2327         if not formats and (video_info.get('license_info') or try_get(player_response, lambda x: x['streamingData']['licenseInfos'])):
2328             raise ExtractorError('This video is DRM protected.', expected=True)
2329
2330         self._sort_formats(formats)
2331
2332         self.mark_watched(video_id, video_info, player_response)
2333
2334         return {
2335             'id': video_id,
2336             'uploader': video_uploader,
2337             'uploader_id': video_uploader_id,
2338             'uploader_url': video_uploader_url,
2339             'channel_id': channel_id,
2340             'channel_url': channel_url,
2341             'upload_date': upload_date,
2342             'license': video_license,
2343             'creator': video_creator or artist,
2344             'title': video_title,
2345             'alt_title': video_alt_title or track,
2346             'thumbnail': video_thumbnail,
2347             'description': video_description,
2348             'categories': video_categories,
2349             'tags': video_tags,
2350             'subtitles': video_subtitles,
2351             'automatic_captions': automatic_captions,
2352             'duration': video_duration,
2353             'age_limit': 18 if age_gate else 0,
2354             'annotations': video_annotations,
2355             'chapters': chapters,
2356             'webpage_url': proto + '://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s' % video_id,
2357             'view_count': view_count,
2358             'like_count': like_count,
2359             'dislike_count': dislike_count,
2360             'average_rating': average_rating,
2361             'formats': formats,
2362             'is_live': is_live,
2363             'start_time': start_time,
2364             'end_time': end_time,
2365             'series': series,
2366             'season_number': season_number,
2367             'episode_number': episode_number,
2368             'track': track,
2369             'artist': artist,
2370             'album': album,
2371             'release_date': release_date,
2372             'release_year': release_year,
2373         }
2374
2375
2376 class YoutubePlaylistIE(YoutubePlaylistBaseInfoExtractor):
2377     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com playlists'
2378     _VALID_URL = r"""(?x)(?:
2379                         (?:https?://)?
2380                         (?:\w+\.)?
2381                         (?:
2382                             (?:
2383                                 youtube\.com|
2384                                 invidio\.us
2385                             )
2386                             /
2387                             (?:
2388                                (?:course|view_play_list|my_playlists|artist|playlist|watch|embed/(?:videoseries|[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}))
2389                                \? (?:.*?[&;])*? (?:p|a|list)=
2390                             |  p/
2391                             )|
2392                             youtu\.be/[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}\?.*?\blist=
2393                         )
2394                         (
2395                             (?:PL|LL|EC|UU|FL|RD|UL|TL|OLAK5uy_)?[0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,}
2396                             # Top tracks, they can also include dots
2397                             |(?:MC)[\w\.]*
2398                         )
2399                         .*
2400                      |
2401                         (%(playlist_id)s)
2402                      )""" % {'playlist_id': YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._PLAYLIST_ID_RE}
2403     _TEMPLATE_URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=%s'
2404     _VIDEO_RE = r'href="\s*/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})&amp;[^"]*?index=(?P<index>\d+)(?:[^>]+>(?P<title>[^<]+))?'
2405     IE_NAME = 'youtube:playlist'
2406     _TESTS = [{
2407         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re',
2408         'info_dict': {
2409             'title': 'ytdl test PL',
2410             'id': 'PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re',
2411         },
2412         'playlist_count': 3,
2413     }, {
2414         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLtPgu7CB4gbZDA7i_euNxn75ISqxwZPYx',
2415         'info_dict': {
2416             'id': 'PLtPgu7CB4gbZDA7i_euNxn75ISqxwZPYx',
2417             'title': 'YDL_Empty_List',
2418         },
2419         'playlist_count': 0,
2420         'skip': 'This playlist is private',
2421     }, {
2422         'note': 'Playlist with deleted videos (#651). As a bonus, the video #51 is also twice in this list.',
2423         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwP_SiAcdui0KVebT0mU9Apz359a4ubsC',
2424         'info_dict': {
2425             'title': '29C3: Not my department',
2426             'id': 'PLwP_SiAcdui0KVebT0mU9Apz359a4ubsC',
2427         },
2428         'playlist_count': 95,
2429     }, {
2430         'note': 'issue #673',
2431         'url': 'PLBB231211A4F62143',
2432         'info_dict': {
2433             'title': '[OLD]Team Fortress 2 (Class-based LP)',
2434             'id': 'PLBB231211A4F62143',
2435         },
2436         'playlist_mincount': 26,
2437     }, {
2438         'note': 'Large playlist',
2439         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUBABnxM4Ar9ten8Mdjj1j0Q',
2440         'info_dict': {
2441             'title': 'Uploads from Cauchemar',
2442             'id': 'UUBABnxM4Ar9ten8Mdjj1j0Q',
2443         },
2444         'playlist_mincount': 799,
2445     }, {
2446         'url': 'PLtPgu7CB4gbY9oDN3drwC3cMbJggS7dKl',
2447         'info_dict': {
2448             'title': 'YDL_safe_search',
2449             'id': 'PLtPgu7CB4gbY9oDN3drwC3cMbJggS7dKl',
2450         },
2451         'playlist_count': 2,
2452         'skip': 'This playlist is private',
2453     }, {
2454         'note': 'embedded',
2455         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/embed/videoseries?list=PL6IaIsEjSbf96XFRuNccS_RuEXwNdsoEu',
2456         'playlist_count': 4,
2457         'info_dict': {
2458             'title': 'JODA15',
2459             'id': 'PL6IaIsEjSbf96XFRuNccS_RuEXwNdsoEu',
2460         }
2461     }, {
2462         'url': 'http://www.youtube.com/embed/_xDOZElKyNU?list=PLsyOSbh5bs16vubvKePAQ1x3PhKavfBIl',
2463         'playlist_mincount': 485,
2464         'info_dict': {
2465             'title': '2017 華語最新單曲 (2/24更新)',
2466             'id': 'PLsyOSbh5bs16vubvKePAQ1x3PhKavfBIl',
2467         }
2468     }, {
2469         'note': 'Embedded SWF player',
2470         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/p/YN5VISEtHet5D4NEvfTd0zcgFk84NqFZ?hl=en_US&fs=1&rel=0',
2471         'playlist_count': 4,
2472         'info_dict': {
2473             'title': 'JODA7',
2474             'id': 'YN5VISEtHet5D4NEvfTd0zcgFk84NqFZ',
2475         }
2476     }, {
2477         'note': 'Buggy playlist: the webpage has a "Load more" button but it doesn\'t have more videos',
2478         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUXw-G3eDE9trcvY2sBMM_aA',
2479         'info_dict': {
2480             'title': 'Uploads from Interstellar Movie',
2481             'id': 'UUXw-G3eDE9trcvY2sBMM_aA',
2482         },
2483         'playlist_mincount': 21,
2484     }, {
2485         # Playlist URL that does not actually serve a playlist
2486         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqZTN594JQw&list=PLMYEtVRpaqY00V9W81Cwmzp6N6vZqfUKD4',
2487         'info_dict': {
2488             'id': 'FqZTN594JQw',
2489             'ext': 'webm',
2490             'title': "Smiley's People 01 detective, Adventure Series, Action",
2491             'uploader': 'STREEM',
2492             'uploader_id': 'UCyPhqAZgwYWZfxElWVbVJng',
2493             'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCyPhqAZgwYWZfxElWVbVJng',
2494             'upload_date': '20150526',
2495             'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
2496             'description': 'md5:507cdcb5a49ac0da37a920ece610be80',
2497             'categories': ['People & Blogs'],
2498             'tags': list,
2499             'view_count': int,
2500             'like_count': int,
2501             'dislike_count': int,
2502         },
2503         'params': {
2504             'skip_download': True,
2505         },
2506         'add_ie': [YoutubeIE.ie_key()],
2507     }, {
2508         'url': 'https://youtu.be/yeWKywCrFtk?list=PL2qgrgXsNUG5ig9cat4ohreBjYLAPC0J5',
2509         'info_dict': {
2510             'id': 'yeWKywCrFtk',
2511             'ext': 'mp4',
2512             'title': 'Small Scale Baler and Braiding Rugs',
2513             'uploader': 'Backus-Page House Museum',
2514             'uploader_id': 'backuspagemuseum',
2515             'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/backuspagemuseum',
2516             'upload_date': '20161008',
2517             'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
2518             'description': 'md5:800c0c78d5eb128500bffd4f0b4f2e8a',
2519             'categories': ['Nonprofits & Activism'],
2520             'tags': list,
2521             'like_count': int,
2522             'dislike_count': int,
2523         },
2524         'params': {
2525             'noplaylist': True,
2526             'skip_download': True,
2527         },
2528     }, {
2529         'url': 'https://youtu.be/uWyaPkt-VOI?list=PL9D9FC436B881BA21',
2530         'only_matching': True,
2531     }, {
2532         'url': 'TLGGrESM50VT6acwMjAyMjAxNw',
2533         'only_matching': True,
2534     }, {
2535         # music album playlist
2536         'url': 'OLAK5uy_m4xAFdmMC5rX3Ji3g93pQe3hqLZw_9LhM',
2537         'only_matching': True,
2538     }, {
2539         'url': 'https://invidio.us/playlist?list=PLDIoUOhQQPlXr63I_vwF9GD8sAKh77dWU',
2540         'only_matching': True,
2541     }]
2542
2543     def _real_initialize(self):
2544         self._login()
2545
2546     def _extract_mix(self, playlist_id):
2547         # The mixes are generated from a single video
2548         # the id of the playlist is just 'RD' + video_id
2549         ids = []
2550         last_id = playlist_id[-11:]
2551         for n in itertools.count(1):
2552             url = 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=%s&list=%s' % (last_id, playlist_id)
2553             webpage = self._download_webpage(
2554                 url, playlist_id, 'Downloading page {0} of Youtube mix'.format(n))
2555             new_ids = orderedSet(re.findall(
2556                 r'''(?xs)data-video-username=".*?".*?
2557                            href="/watch\?v=([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})&amp;[^"]*?list=%s''' % re.escape(playlist_id),
2558                 webpage))
2559             # Fetch new pages until all the videos are repeated, it seems that
2560             # there are always 51 unique videos.
2561             new_ids = [_id for _id in new_ids if _id not in ids]
2562             if not new_ids:
2563                 break
2564             ids.extend(new_ids)
2565             last_id = ids[-1]
2566
2567         url_results = self._ids_to_results(ids)
2568
2569         search_title = lambda class_name: get_element_by_attribute('class', class_name, webpage)
2570         title_span = (
2571             search_title('playlist-title')
2572             or search_title('title long-title')
2573             or search_title('title'))
2574         title = clean_html(title_span)
2575
2576         return self.playlist_result(url_results, playlist_id, title)
2577
2578     def _extract_playlist(self, playlist_id):
2579         url = self._TEMPLATE_URL % playlist_id
2580         page = self._download_webpage(url, playlist_id)
2581
2582         # the yt-alert-message now has tabindex attribute (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/11604)
2583         for match in re.findall(r'<div class="yt-alert-message"[^>]*>([^<]+)</div>', page):
2584             match = match.strip()
2585             # Check if the playlist exists or is private
2586             mobj = re.match(r'[^<]*(?:The|This) playlist (?P<reason>does not exist|is private)[^<]*', match)
2587             if mobj:
2588                 reason = mobj.group('reason')
2589                 message = 'This playlist %s' % reason
2590                 if 'private' in reason:
2591                     message += ', use --username or --netrc to access it'
2592                 message += '.'
2593                 raise ExtractorError(message, expected=True)
2594             elif re.match(r'[^<]*Invalid parameters[^<]*', match):
2595                 raise ExtractorError(
2596                     'Invalid parameters. Maybe URL is incorrect.',
2597                     expected=True)
2598             elif re.match(r'[^<]*Choose your language[^<]*', match):
2599                 continue
2600             else:
2601                 self.report_warning('Youtube gives an alert message: ' + match)
2602
2603         playlist_title = self._html_search_regex(
2604             r'(?s)<h1 class="pl-header-title[^"]*"[^>]*>\s*(.*?)\s*</h1>',
2605             page, 'title', default=None)
2606
2607         _UPLOADER_BASE = r'class=["\']pl-header-details[^>]+>\s*<li>\s*<a[^>]+\bhref='
2608         uploader = self._search_regex(
2609             r'%s["\']/(?:user|channel)/[^>]+>([^<]+)' % _UPLOADER_BASE,
2610             page, 'uploader', default=None)
2611         mobj = re.search(
2612             r'%s(["\'])(?P<path>/(?:user|channel)/(?P<uploader_id>.+?))\1' % _UPLOADER_BASE,
2613             page)
2614         if mobj:
2615             uploader_id = mobj.group('uploader_id')
2616             uploader_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin(url, mobj.group('path'))
2617         else:
2618             uploader_id = uploader_url = None
2619
2620         has_videos = True
2621
2622         if not playlist_title:
2623             try:
2624                 # Some playlist URLs don't actually serve a playlist (e.g.
2625                 # https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqZTN594JQw&list=PLMYEtVRpaqY00V9W81Cwmzp6N6vZqfUKD4)
2626                 next(self._entries(page, playlist_id))
2627             except StopIteration:
2628                 has_videos = False
2629
2630         playlist = self.playlist_result(
2631             self._entries(page, playlist_id), playlist_id, playlist_title)
2632         playlist.update({
2633             'uploader': uploader,
2634             'uploader_id': uploader_id,
2635             'uploader_url': uploader_url,
2636         })
2637
2638         return has_videos, playlist
2639
2640     def _check_download_just_video(self, url, playlist_id):
2641         # Check if it's a video-specific URL
2642         query_dict = compat_urlparse.parse_qs(compat_urlparse.urlparse(url).query)
2643         video_id = query_dict.get('v', [None])[0] or self._search_regex(
2644             r'(?:(?:^|//)youtu\.be/|youtube\.com/embed/(?!videoseries))([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})', url,
2645             'video id', default=None)
2646         if video_id:
2647             if self._downloader.params.get('noplaylist'):
2648                 self.to_screen('Downloading just video %s because of --no-playlist' % video_id)
2649                 return video_id, self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id)
2650             else:
2651                 self.to_screen('Downloading playlist %s - add --no-playlist to just download video %s' % (playlist_id, video_id))
2652                 return video_id, None
2653         return None, None
2654
2655     def _real_extract(self, url):
2656         # Extract playlist id
2657         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
2658         if mobj is None:
2659             raise ExtractorError('Invalid URL: %s' % url)
2660         playlist_id = mobj.group(1) or mobj.group(2)
2661
2662         video_id, video = self._check_download_just_video(url, playlist_id)
2663         if video:
2664             return video
2665
2666         if playlist_id.startswith(('RD', 'UL', 'PU')):
2667             # Mixes require a custom extraction process
2668             return self._extract_mix(playlist_id)
2669
2670         has_videos, playlist = self._extract_playlist(playlist_id)
2671         if has_videos or not video_id:
2672             return playlist
2673
2674         # Some playlist URLs don't actually serve a playlist (see
2675         # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/10537).
2676         # Fallback to plain video extraction if there is a video id
2677         # along with playlist id.
2678         return self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id)
2679
2680
2681 class YoutubeChannelIE(YoutubePlaylistBaseInfoExtractor):
2682     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com channels'
2683     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:youtu\.be|(?:\w+\.)?youtube(?:-nocookie)?\.com|(?:www\.)?invidio\.us)/channel/(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]+)'
2684     _TEMPLATE_URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/%s/videos'
2685     _VIDEO_RE = r'(?:title="(?P<title>[^"]+)"[^>]+)?href="/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]+)&?'
2686     IE_NAME = 'youtube:channel'
2687     _TESTS = [{
2688         'note': 'paginated channel',
2689         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
2690         'playlist_mincount': 91,
2691         'info_dict': {
2692             'id': 'UUKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
2693             'title': 'Uploads from lex will',
2694         }
2695     }, {
2696         'note': 'Age restricted channel',
2697         # from https://www.youtube.com/user/DeusExOfficial
2698         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCs0ifCMCm1icqRbqhUINa0w',
2699         'playlist_mincount': 64,
2700         'info_dict': {
2701             'id': 'UUs0ifCMCm1icqRbqhUINa0w',
2702             'title': 'Uploads from Deus Ex',
2703         },
2704     }, {
2705         'url': 'https://invidio.us/channel/UC23qupoDRn9YOAVzeoxjOQA',
2706         'only_matching': True,
2707     }]
2708
2709     @classmethod
2710     def suitable(cls, url):
2711         return (False if YoutubePlaylistsIE.suitable(url) or YoutubeLiveIE.suitable(url)
2712                 else super(YoutubeChannelIE, cls).suitable(url))
2713
2714     def _build_template_url(self, url, channel_id):
2715         return self._TEMPLATE_URL % channel_id
2716
2717     def _real_extract(self, url):
2718         channel_id = self._match_id(url)
2719
2720         url = self._build_template_url(url, channel_id)
2721
2722         # Channel by page listing is restricted to 35 pages of 30 items, i.e. 1050 videos total (see #5778)
2723         # Workaround by extracting as a playlist if managed to obtain channel playlist URL
2724         # otherwise fallback on channel by page extraction
2725         channel_page = self._download_webpage(
2726             url + '?view=57', channel_id,
2727             'Downloading channel page', fatal=False)
2728         if channel_page is False:
2729             channel_playlist_id = False
2730         else:
2731             channel_playlist_id = self._html_search_meta(
2732                 'channelId', channel_page, 'channel id', default=None)
2733             if not channel_playlist_id:
2734                 channel_url = self._html_search_meta(
2735                     ('al:ios:url', 'twitter:app:url:iphone', 'twitter:app:url:ipad'),
2736                     channel_page, 'channel url', default=None)
2737                 if channel_url:
2738                     channel_playlist_id = self._search_regex(
2739                         r'vnd\.youtube://user/([0-9A-Za-z_-]+)',
2740                         channel_url, 'channel id', default=None)
2741         if channel_playlist_id and channel_playlist_id.startswith('UC'):
2742             playlist_id = 'UU' + channel_playlist_id[2:]
2743             return self.url_result(
2744                 compat_urlparse.urljoin(url, '/playlist?list=%s' % playlist_id), 'YoutubePlaylist')
2745
2746         channel_page = self._download_webpage(url, channel_id, 'Downloading page #1')
2747         autogenerated = re.search(r'''(?x)
2748                 class="[^"]*?(?:
2749                     channel-header-autogenerated-label|
2750                     yt-channel-title-autogenerated
2751                 )[^"]*"''', channel_page) is not None
2752
2753         if autogenerated:
2754             # The videos are contained in a single page
2755             # the ajax pages can't be used, they are empty
2756             entries = [
2757                 self.url_result(
2758                     video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id,
2759                     video_title=video_title)
2760                 for video_id, video_title in self.extract_videos_from_page(channel_page)]
2761             return self.playlist_result(entries, channel_id)
2762
2763         try:
2764             next(self._entries(channel_page, channel_id))
2765         except StopIteration:
2766             alert_message = self._html_search_regex(
2767                 r'(?s)<div[^>]+class=(["\']).*?\byt-alert-message\b.*?\1[^>]*>(?P<alert>[^<]+)</div>',
2768                 channel_page, 'alert', default=None, group='alert')
2769             if alert_message:
2770                 raise ExtractorError('Youtube said: %s' % alert_message, expected=True)
2771
2772         return self.playlist_result(self._entries(channel_page, channel_id), channel_id)
2773
2774
2775 class YoutubeUserIE(YoutubeChannelIE):
2776     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com user videos (URL or "ytuser" keyword)'
2777     _VALID_URL = r'(?:(?:https?://(?:\w+\.)?youtube\.com/(?:(?P<user>user|c)/)?(?!(?:attribution_link|watch|results|shared)(?:$|[^a-z_A-Z0-9-])))|ytuser:)(?!feed/)(?P<id>[A-Za-z0-9_-]+)'
2778     _TEMPLATE_URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/%s/%s/videos'
2779     IE_NAME = 'youtube:user'
2780
2781     _TESTS = [{
2782         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/TheLinuxFoundation',
2783         'playlist_mincount': 320,
2784         'info_dict': {
2785             'id': 'UUfX55Sx5hEFjoC3cNs6mCUQ',
2786             'title': 'Uploads from The Linux Foundation',
2787         }
2788     }, {
2789         # Only available via https://www.youtube.com/c/12minuteathlete/videos
2790         # but not https://www.youtube.com/user/12minuteathlete/videos
2791         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/12minuteathlete/videos',
2792         'playlist_mincount': 249,
2793         'info_dict': {
2794             'id': 'UUVjM-zV6_opMDx7WYxnjZiQ',
2795             'title': 'Uploads from 12 Minute Athlete',
2796         }
2797     }, {
2798         'url': 'ytuser:phihag',
2799         'only_matching': True,
2800     }, {
2801         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/gametrailers',
2802         'only_matching': True,
2803     }, {
2804         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/gametrailers',
2805         'only_matching': True,
2806     }, {
2807         # This channel is not available, geo restricted to JP
2808         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/kananishinoSMEJ/videos',
2809         'only_matching': True,
2810     }]
2811
2812     @classmethod
2813     def suitable(cls, url):
2814         # Don't return True if the url can be extracted with other youtube
2815         # extractor, the regex would is too permissive and it would match.
2816         other_yt_ies = iter(klass for (name, klass) in globals().items() if name.startswith('Youtube') and name.endswith('IE') and klass is not cls)
2817         if any(ie.suitable(url) for ie in other_yt_ies):
2818             return False
2819         else:
2820             return super(YoutubeUserIE, cls).suitable(url)
2821
2822     def _build_template_url(self, url, channel_id):
2823         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
2824         return self._TEMPLATE_URL % (mobj.group('user') or 'user', mobj.group('id'))
2825
2826
2827 class YoutubeLiveIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
2828     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com live streams'
2829     _VALID_URL = r'(?P<base_url>https?://(?:\w+\.)?youtube\.com/(?:(?:user|channel|c)/)?(?P<id>[^/]+))/live'
2830     IE_NAME = 'youtube:live'
2831
2832     _TESTS = [{
2833         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/TheYoungTurks/live',
2834         'info_dict': {
2835             'id': 'a48o2S1cPoo',
2836             'ext': 'mp4',
2837             'title': 'The Young Turks - Live Main Show',
2838             'uploader': 'The Young Turks',
2839             'uploader_id': 'TheYoungTurks',
2840             'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/TheYoungTurks',
2841             'upload_date': '20150715',
2842             'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
2843             'description': 'md5:438179573adcdff3c97ebb1ee632b891',
2844             'categories': ['News & Politics'],
2845             'tags': ['Cenk Uygur (TV Program Creator)', 'The Young Turks (Award-Winning Work)', 'Talk Show (TV Genre)'],
2846             'like_count': int,
2847             'dislike_count': int,
2848         },
2849         'params': {
2850             'skip_download': True,
2851         },
2852     }, {
2853         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1yBKRuGpC1tSM73A0ZjYjQ/live',
2854         'only_matching': True,
2855     }, {
2856         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/CommanderVideoHq/live',
2857         'only_matching': True,
2858     }, {
2859         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/TheYoungTurks/live',
2860         'only_matching': True,
2861     }]
2862
2863     def _real_extract(self, url):
2864         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
2865         channel_id = mobj.group('id')
2866         base_url = mobj.group('base_url')
2867         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, channel_id, fatal=False)
2868         if webpage:
2869             page_type = self._og_search_property(
2870                 'type', webpage, 'page type', default='')
2871             video_id = self._html_search_meta(
2872                 'videoId', webpage, 'video id', default=None)
2873             if page_type.startswith('video') and video_id and re.match(
2874                     r'^[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}$', video_id):
2875                 return self.url_result(video_id, YoutubeIE.ie_key())
2876         return self.url_result(base_url)
2877
2878
2879 class YoutubePlaylistsIE(YoutubePlaylistsBaseInfoExtractor):
2880     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com user/channel playlists'
2881     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:\w+\.)?youtube\.com/(?:user|channel)/(?P<id>[^/]+)/playlists'
2882     IE_NAME = 'youtube:playlists'
2883
2884     _TESTS = [{
2885         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/ThirstForScience/playlists',
2886         'playlist_mincount': 4,
2887         'info_dict': {
2888             'id': 'ThirstForScience',
2889             'title': 'Thirst for Science',
2890         },
2891     }, {
2892         # with "Load more" button
2893         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/igorkle1/playlists?view=1&sort=dd',
2894         'playlist_mincount': 70,
2895         'info_dict': {
2896             'id': 'igorkle1',
2897             'title': 'Игорь Клейнер',
2898         },
2899     }, {
2900         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCiU1dHvZObB2iP6xkJ__Icw/playlists',
2901         'playlist_mincount': 17,
2902         'info_dict': {
2903             'id': 'UCiU1dHvZObB2iP6xkJ__Icw',
2904             'title': 'Chem Player',
2905         },
2906     }]
2907
2908
2909 class YoutubeSearchBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubePlaylistBaseInfoExtractor):
2910     _VIDEO_RE = r'href="\s*/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})(?:[^"]*"[^>]+\btitle="(?P<title>[^"]+))?'
2911
2912
2913 class YoutubeSearchIE(SearchInfoExtractor, YoutubeSearchBaseInfoExtractor):
2914     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com searches'
2915     # there doesn't appear to be a real limit, for example if you search for
2916     # 'python' you get more than 8.000.000 results
2917     _MAX_RESULTS = float('inf')
2918     IE_NAME = 'youtube:search'
2919     _SEARCH_KEY = 'ytsearch'
2920     _EXTRA_QUERY_ARGS = {}
2921     _TESTS = []
2922
2923     def _get_n_results(self, query, n):
2924         """Get a specified number of results for a query"""
2925
2926         videos = []
2927         limit = n
2928
2929         url_query = {
2930             'search_query': query.encode('utf-8'),
2931         }
2932         url_query.update(self._EXTRA_QUERY_ARGS)
2933         result_url = 'https://www.youtube.com/results?' + compat_urllib_parse_urlencode(url_query)
2934
2935         for pagenum in itertools.count(1):
2936             data = self._download_json(
2937                 result_url, video_id='query "%s"' % query,
2938                 note='Downloading page %s' % pagenum,
2939                 errnote='Unable to download API page',
2940                 query={'spf': 'navigate'})
2941             html_content = data[1]['body']['content']
2942
2943             if 'class="search-message' in html_content:
2944                 raise ExtractorError(
2945                     '[youtube] No video results', expected=True)
2946
2947             new_videos = list(self._process_page(html_content))
2948             videos += new_videos
2949             if not new_videos or len(videos) > limit:
2950                 break
2951             next_link = self._html_search_regex(
2952                 r'href="(/results\?[^"]*\bsp=[^"]+)"[^>]*>\s*<span[^>]+class="[^"]*\byt-uix-button-content\b[^"]*"[^>]*>Next',
2953                 html_content, 'next link', default=None)
2954             if next_link is None:
2955                 break
2956             result_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin('https://www.youtube.com/', next_link)
2957
2958         if len(videos) > n:
2959             videos = videos[:n]
2960         return self.playlist_result(videos, query)
2961
2962
2963 class YoutubeSearchDateIE(YoutubeSearchIE):
2964     IE_NAME = YoutubeSearchIE.IE_NAME + ':date'
2965     _SEARCH_KEY = 'ytsearchdate'
2966     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com searches, newest videos first'
2967     _EXTRA_QUERY_ARGS = {'search_sort': 'video_date_uploaded'}
2968
2969
2970 class YoutubeSearchURLIE(YoutubeSearchBaseInfoExtractor):
2971     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com search URLs'
2972     IE_NAME = 'youtube:search_url'
2973     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/results\?(.*?&)?(?:search_query|q)=(?P<query>[^&]+)(?:[&]|$)'
2974     _TESTS = [{
2975         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/results?baz=bar&search_query=youtube-dl+test+video&filters=video&lclk=video',
2976         'playlist_mincount': 5,
2977         'info_dict': {
2978             'title': 'youtube-dl test video',
2979         }
2980     }, {
2981         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/results?q=test&sp=EgQIBBgB',
2982         'only_matching': True,
2983     }]
2984
2985     def _real_extract(self, url):
2986         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
2987         query = compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(mobj.group('query'))
2988         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, query)
2989         return self.playlist_result(self._process_page(webpage), playlist_title=query)
2990
2991
2992 class YoutubeShowIE(YoutubePlaylistsBaseInfoExtractor):
2993     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com (multi-season) shows'
2994     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/show/(?P<id>[^?#]*)'
2995     IE_NAME = 'youtube:show'
2996     _TESTS = [{
2997         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/show/airdisasters',
2998         'playlist_mincount': 5,
2999         'info_dict': {
3000             'id': 'airdisasters',
3001             'title': 'Air Disasters',
3002         }
3003     }]
3004
3005     def _real_extract(self, url):
3006         playlist_id = self._match_id(url)
3007         return super(YoutubeShowIE, self)._real_extract(
3008             'https://www.youtube.com/show/%s/playlists' % playlist_id)
3009
3010
3011 class YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
3012     """
3013     Base class for feed extractors
3014     Subclasses must define the _FEED_NAME and _PLAYLIST_TITLE properties.
3015     """
3016     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = True
3017
3018     @property
3019     def IE_NAME(self):
3020         return 'youtube:%s' % self._FEED_NAME
3021
3022     def _real_initialize(self):
3023         self._login()
3024
3025     def _entries(self, page):
3026         # The extraction process is the same as for playlists, but the regex
3027         # for the video ids doesn't contain an index
3028         ids = []
3029         more_widget_html = content_html = page
3030         for page_num in itertools.count(1):
3031             matches = re.findall(r'href="\s*/watch\?v=([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})', content_html)
3032
3033             # 'recommended' feed has infinite 'load more' and each new portion spins
3034             # the same videos in (sometimes) slightly different order, so we'll check
3035             # for unicity and break when portion has no new videos
3036             new_ids = list(filter(lambda video_id: video_id not in ids, orderedSet(matches)))
3037             if not new_ids:
3038                 break
3039
3040             ids.extend(new_ids)
3041
3042             for entry in self._ids_to_results(new_ids):
3043                 yield entry
3044
3045             mobj = re.search(r'data-uix-load-more-href="/?(?P<more>[^"]+)"', more_widget_html)
3046             if not mobj:
3047                 break
3048
3049             more = self._download_json(
3050                 'https://youtube.com/%s' % mobj.group('more'), self._PLAYLIST_TITLE,
3051                 'Downloading page #%s' % page_num,
3052                 transform_source=uppercase_escape)
3053             content_html = more['content_html']
3054             more_widget_html = more['load_more_widget_html']
3055
3056     def _real_extract(self, url):
3057         page = self._download_webpage(
3058             'https://www.youtube.com/feed/%s' % self._FEED_NAME,
3059             self._PLAYLIST_TITLE)
3060         return self.playlist_result(
3061             self._entries(page), playlist_title=self._PLAYLIST_TITLE)
3062
3063
3064 class YoutubeWatchLaterIE(YoutubePlaylistIE):
3065     IE_NAME = 'youtube:watchlater'
3066     IE_DESC = 'Youtube watch later list, ":ytwatchlater" for short (requires authentication)'
3067     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/(?:feed/watch_later|(?:playlist|watch)\?(?:.+&)?list=WL)|:ytwatchlater'
3068
3069     _TESTS = [{
3070         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=WL',
3071         'only_matching': True,
3072     }, {
3073         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bCNU9TrbiRk&index=1&list=WL',
3074         'only_matching': True,
3075     }]
3076
3077     def _real_extract(self, url):
3078         _, video = self._check_download_just_video(url, 'WL')
3079         if video:
3080             return video
3081         _, playlist = self._extract_playlist('WL')
3082         return playlist
3083
3084
3085 class YoutubeFavouritesIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
3086     IE_NAME = 'youtube:favorites'
3087     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com favourite videos, ":ytfav" for short (requires authentication)'
3088     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/my_favorites|:ytfav(?:ou?rites)?'
3089     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = True
3090
3091     def _real_extract(self, url):
3092         webpage = self._download_webpage('https://www.youtube.com/my_favorites', 'Youtube Favourites videos')
3093         playlist_id = self._search_regex(r'list=(.+?)["&]', webpage, 'favourites playlist id')
3094         return self.url_result(playlist_id, 'YoutubePlaylist')
3095
3096
3097 class YoutubeRecommendedIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
3098     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com recommended videos, ":ytrec" for short (requires authentication)'
3099     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/feed/recommended|:ytrec(?:ommended)?'
3100     _FEED_NAME = 'recommended'
3101     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = 'Youtube Recommended videos'
3102
3103
3104 class YoutubeSubscriptionsIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
3105     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com subscriptions feed, "ytsubs" keyword (requires authentication)'
3106     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/feed/subscriptions|:ytsubs(?:criptions)?'
3107     _FEED_NAME = 'subscriptions'
3108     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = 'Youtube Subscriptions'
3109
3110
3111 class YoutubeHistoryIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
3112     IE_DESC = 'Youtube watch history, ":ythistory" for short (requires authentication)'
3113     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/feed/history|:ythistory'
3114     _FEED_NAME = 'history'
3115     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = 'Youtube History'
3116
3117
3118 class YoutubeTruncatedURLIE(InfoExtractor):
3119     IE_NAME = 'youtube:truncated_url'
3120     IE_DESC = False  # Do not list
3121     _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
3122         (?:https?://)?
3123         (?:\w+\.)?[yY][oO][uU][tT][uU][bB][eE](?:-nocookie)?\.com/
3124         (?:watch\?(?:
3125             feature=[a-z_]+|
3126             annotation_id=annotation_[^&]+|
3127             x-yt-cl=[0-9]+|
3128             hl=[^&]*|
3129             t=[0-9]+
3130         )?
3131         |
3132             attribution_link\?a=[^&]+
3133         )
3134         $
3135     '''
3136
3137     _TESTS = [{
3138         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?annotation_id=annotation_3951667041',
3139         'only_matching': True,
3140     }, {
3141         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?',
3142         'only_matching': True,
3143     }, {
3144         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?x-yt-cl=84503534',
3145         'only_matching': True,
3146     }, {
3147         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=foo',
3148         'only_matching': True,
3149     }, {
3150         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?hl=en-GB',
3151         'only_matching': True,
3152     }, {
3153         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=2372',
3154         'only_matching': True,
3155     }]
3156
3157     def _real_extract(self, url):
3158         raise ExtractorError(
3159             'Did you forget to quote the URL? Remember that & is a meta '
3160             'character in most shells, so you want to put the URL in quotes, '
3161             'like  youtube-dl '
3162             '"https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=foo&v=BaW_jenozKc" '
3163             ' or simply  youtube-dl BaW_jenozKc  .',
3164             expected=True)
3165
3166
3167 class YoutubeTruncatedIDIE(InfoExtractor):
3168     IE_NAME = 'youtube:truncated_id'
3169     IE_DESC = False  # Do not list
3170     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{1,10})$'
3171
3172     _TESTS = [{
3173         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N_708QY7Ob',
3174         'only_matching': True,
3175     }]
3176
3177     def _real_extract(self, url):
3178         video_id = self._match_id(url)
3179         raise ExtractorError(
3180             'Incomplete YouTube ID %s. URL %s looks truncated.' % (video_id, url),
3181             expected=True)