_ Git - youtube-dl/blob - youtube_dl/extractor/youtube.py

   1 # coding: utf-8
   2
   3 from __future__ import unicode_literals
   4
   5
   6 import itertools
   7 import json
   8 import os.path
   9 import random
  10 import re
  11 import time
  12 import traceback
  13
  14 from .common import InfoExtractor, SearchInfoExtractor
  15 from ..jsinterp import JSInterpreter
  16 from ..swfinterp import SWFInterpreter
  17 from ..compat import (
  18     compat_chr,
  19     compat_HTTPError,
  20     compat_kwargs,
  21     compat_parse_qs,
  22     compat_urllib_parse_unquote,
  23     compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus,
  24     compat_urllib_parse_urlencode,
  25     compat_urllib_parse_urlparse,
  26     compat_urlparse,
  27     compat_str,
  28 )
  29 from ..utils import (
  30     clean_html,
  31     dict_get,
  32     error_to_compat_str,
  33     ExtractorError,
  34     float_or_none,
  35     get_element_by_attribute,
  36     get_element_by_id,
  37     int_or_none,
  38     mimetype2ext,
  39     orderedSet,
  40     parse_codecs,
  41     parse_duration,
  42     qualities,
  43     remove_quotes,
  44     remove_start,
  45     smuggle_url,
  46     str_or_none,
  47     str_to_int,
  48     try_get,
  49     unescapeHTML,
  50     unified_strdate,
  51     unsmuggle_url,
  52     uppercase_escape,
  53     url_or_none,
  54     urlencode_postdata,
  55 )
  56
  57
  58 class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
  59     """Provide base functions for Youtube extractors"""
  60     _LOGIN_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin'
  61     _TWOFACTOR_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/signin/challenge'
  62
  63     _LOOKUP_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/sl/lookup'
  64     _CHALLENGE_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/sl/challenge'
  65     _TFA_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/challenge?hl=en&TL={0}'
  66
  67     _NETRC_MACHINE = 'youtube'
  68     # If True it will raise an error if no login info is provided
  69     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = False
  70
  71     _PLAYLIST_ID_RE = r'(?:PL|LL|EC|UU|FL|RD|UL|TL|OLAK5uy_)[0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,}'
  72
  73     def _set_language(self):
  74         self._set_cookie(
  75             '.youtube.com', 'PREF', 'f1=50000000&hl=en',
  76             # YouTube sets the expire time to about two months
  77             expire_time=time.time() + 2 * 30 * 24 * 3600)
  78
  79     def _ids_to_results(self, ids):
  80         return [
  81             self.url_result(vid_id, 'Youtube', video_id=vid_id)
  82             for vid_id in ids]
  83
  84     def _login(self):
  85         """
  86         Attempt to log in to YouTube.
  87         True is returned if successful or skipped.
  88         False is returned if login failed.
  89
  90         If _LOGIN_REQUIRED is set and no authentication was provided, an error is raised.
  91         """
  92         username, password = self._get_login_info()
  93         # No authentication to be performed
  94         if username is None:
  95             if self._LOGIN_REQUIRED and self._downloader.params.get('cookiefile') is None:
  96                 raise ExtractorError('No login info available, needed for using %s.' % self.IE_NAME, expected=True)
  97             return True
  98
  99         login_page = self._download_webpage(
 100             self._LOGIN_URL, None,
 101             note='Downloading login page',
 102             errnote='unable to fetch login page', fatal=False)
 103         if login_page is False:
 104             return
 105
 106         login_form = self._hidden_inputs(login_page)
 107
 108         def req(url, f_req, note, errnote):
 109             data = login_form.copy()
 110             data.update({
 111                 'pstMsg': 1,
 112                 'checkConnection': 'youtube',
 113                 'checkedDomains': 'youtube',
 114                 'hl': 'en',
 115                 'deviceinfo': '[null,null,null,[],null,"US",null,null,[],"GlifWebSignIn",null,[null,null,[]]]',
 116                 'f.req': json.dumps(f_req),
 117                 'flowName': 'GlifWebSignIn',
 118                 'flowEntry': 'ServiceLogin',
 119             })
 120             return self._download_json(
 121                 url, None, note=note, errnote=errnote,
 122                 transform_source=lambda s: re.sub(r'^[^[]*', '', s),
 123                 fatal=False,
 124                 data=urlencode_postdata(data), headers={
 125                     'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8',
 126                     'Google-Accounts-XSRF': 1,
 127                 })
 128
 129         def warn(message):
 130             self._downloader.report_warning(message)
 131
 132         lookup_req = [
 133             username,
 134             None, [], None, 'US', None, None, 2, False, True,
 135             [
 136                 None, None,
 137                 [2, 1, None, 1,
 138                  'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?passive=true&continue=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fsignin%3Fnext%3D%252F%26action_handle_signin%3Dtrue%26hl%3Den%26app%3Ddesktop%26feature%3Dsign_in_button&hl=en&service=youtube&uilel=3&requestPath=%2FServiceLogin&Page=PasswordSeparationSignIn',
 139                  None, [], 4],
 140                 1, [None, None, []], None, None, None, True
 141             ],
 142             username,
 143         ]
 144
 145         lookup_results = req(
 146             self._LOOKUP_URL, lookup_req,
 147             'Looking up account info', 'Unable to look up account info')
 148
 149         if lookup_results is False:
 150             return False
 151
 152         user_hash = try_get(lookup_results, lambda x: x[0][2], compat_str)
 153         if not user_hash:
 154             warn('Unable to extract user hash')
 155             return False
 156
 157         challenge_req = [
 158             user_hash,
 159             None, 1, None, [1, None, None, None, [password, None, True]],
 160             [
 161                 None, None, [2, 1, None, 1, 'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?passive=true&continue=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fsignin%3Fnext%3D%252F%26action_handle_signin%3Dtrue%26hl%3Den%26app%3Ddesktop%26feature%3Dsign_in_button&hl=en&service=youtube&uilel=3&requestPath=%2FServiceLogin&Page=PasswordSeparationSignIn', None, [], 4],
 162                 1, [None, None, []], None, None, None, True
 163             ]]
 164
 165         challenge_results = req(
 166             self._CHALLENGE_URL, challenge_req,
 167             'Logging in', 'Unable to log in')
 168
 169         if challenge_results is False:
 170             return
 171
 172         login_res = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[0][5], list)
 173         if login_res:
 174             login_msg = try_get(login_res, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
 175             warn(
 176                 'Unable to login: %s' % 'Invalid password'
 177                 if login_msg == 'INCORRECT_ANSWER_ENTERED' else login_msg)
 178             return False
 179
 180         res = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[0][-1], list)
 181         if not res:
 182             warn('Unable to extract result entry')
 183             return False
 184
 185         login_challenge = try_get(res, lambda x: x[0][0], list)
 186         if login_challenge:
 187             challenge_str = try_get(login_challenge, lambda x: x[2], compat_str)
 188             if challenge_str == 'TWO_STEP_VERIFICATION':
 189                 # SEND_SUCCESS - TFA code has been successfully sent to phone
 190                 # QUOTA_EXCEEDED - reached the limit of TFA codes
 191                 status = try_get(login_challenge, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
 192                 if status == 'QUOTA_EXCEEDED':
 193                     warn('Exceeded the limit of TFA codes, try later')
 194                     return False
 195
 196                 tl = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[1][2], compat_str)
 197                 if not tl:
 198                     warn('Unable to extract TL')
 199                     return False
 200
 201                 tfa_code = self._get_tfa_info('2-step verification code')
 202
 203                 if not tfa_code:
 204                     warn(
 205                         'Two-factor authentication required. Provide it either interactively or with --twofactor <code>'
 206                         '(Note that only TOTP (Google Authenticator App) codes work at this time.)')
 207                     return False
 208
 209                 tfa_code = remove_start(tfa_code, 'G-')
 210
 211                 tfa_req = [
 212                     user_hash, None, 2, None,
 213                     [
 214                         9, None, None, None, None, None, None, None,
 215                         [None, tfa_code, True, 2]
 216                     ]]
 217
 218                 tfa_results = req(
 219                     self._TFA_URL.format(tl), tfa_req,
 220                     'Submitting TFA code', 'Unable to submit TFA code')
 221
 222                 if tfa_results is False:
 223                     return False
 224
 225                 tfa_res = try_get(tfa_results, lambda x: x[0][5], list)
 226                 if tfa_res:
 227                     tfa_msg = try_get(tfa_res, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
 228                     warn(
 229                         'Unable to finish TFA: %s' % 'Invalid TFA code'
 230                         if tfa_msg == 'INCORRECT_ANSWER_ENTERED' else tfa_msg)
 231                     return False
 232
 233                 check_cookie_url = try_get(
 234                     tfa_results, lambda x: x[0][-1][2], compat_str)
 235             else:
 236                 CHALLENGES = {
 237                     'LOGIN_CHALLENGE': "This device isn't recognized. For your security, Google wants to make sure it's really you.",
 238                     'USERNAME_RECOVERY': 'Please provide additional information to aid in the recovery process.',
 239                     'REAUTH': "There is something unusual about your activity. For your security, Google wants to make sure it's really you.",
 240                 }
 241                 challenge = CHALLENGES.get(
 242                     challenge_str,
 243                     '%s returned error %s.' % (self.IE_NAME, challenge_str))
 244                 warn('%s\nGo to https://accounts.google.com/, login and solve a challenge.' % challenge)
 245                 return False
 246         else:
 247             check_cookie_url = try_get(res, lambda x: x[2], compat_str)
 248
 249         if not check_cookie_url:
 250             warn('Unable to extract CheckCookie URL')
 251             return False
 252
 253         check_cookie_results = self._download_webpage(
 254             check_cookie_url, None, 'Checking cookie', fatal=False)
 255
 256         if check_cookie_results is False:
 257             return False
 258
 259         if 'https://myaccount.google.com/' not in check_cookie_results:
 260             warn('Unable to log in')
 261             return False
 262
 263         return True
 264
 265     def _download_webpage_handle(self, *args, **kwargs):
 266         query = kwargs.get('query', {}).copy()
 267         query['disable_polymer'] = 'true'
 268         kwargs['query'] = query
 269         return super(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, self)._download_webpage_handle(
 270             *args, **compat_kwargs(kwargs))
 271
 272     def _real_initialize(self):
 273         if self._downloader is None:
 274             return
 275         self._set_language()
 276         if not self._login():
 277             return
 278
 279
 280 class YoutubeEntryListBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
 281     # Extract entries from page with "Load more" button
 282     def _entries(self, page, playlist_id):
 283         more_widget_html = content_html = page
 284         for page_num in itertools.count(1):
 285             for entry in self._process_page(content_html):
 286                 yield entry
 287
 288             mobj = re.search(r'data-uix-load-more-href="/?(?P<more>[^"]+)"', more_widget_html)
 289             if not mobj:
 290                 break
 291
 292             count = 0
 293             retries = 3
 294             while count <= retries:
 295                 try:
 296                     # Downloading page may result in intermittent 5xx HTTP error
 297                     # that is usually worked around with a retry
 298                     more = self._download_json(
 299                         'https://youtube.com/%s' % mobj.group('more'), playlist_id,
 300                         'Downloading page #%s%s'
 301                         % (page_num, ' (retry #%d)' % count if count else ''),
 302                         transform_source=uppercase_escape)
 303                     break
 304                 except ExtractorError as e:
 305                     if isinstance(e.cause, compat_HTTPError) and e.cause.code in (500, 503):
 306                         count += 1
 307                         if count <= retries:
 308                             continue
 309                     raise
 310
 311             content_html = more['content_html']
 312             if not content_html.strip():
 313                 # Some webpages show a "Load more" button but they don't
 314                 # have more videos
 315                 break
 316             more_widget_html = more['load_more_widget_html']
 317
 318
 319 class YoutubePlaylistBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeEntryListBaseInfoExtractor):
 320     def _process_page(self, content):
 321         for video_id, video_title in self.extract_videos_from_page(content):
 322             yield self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id, video_title)
 323
 324     def extract_videos_from_page(self, page):
 325         ids_in_page = []
 326         titles_in_page = []
 327         for mobj in re.finditer(self._VIDEO_RE, page):
 328             # The link with index 0 is not the first video of the playlist (not sure if still actual)
 329             if 'index' in mobj.groupdict() and mobj.group('id') == '0':
 330                 continue
 331             video_id = mobj.group('id')
 332             video_title = unescapeHTML(mobj.group('title'))
 333             if video_title:
 334                 video_title = video_title.strip()
 335             try:
 336                 idx = ids_in_page.index(video_id)
 337                 if video_title and not titles_in_page[idx]:
 338                     titles_in_page[idx] = video_title
 339             except ValueError:
 340                 ids_in_page.append(video_id)
 341                 titles_in_page.append(video_title)
 342         return zip(ids_in_page, titles_in_page)
 343
 344
 345 class YoutubePlaylistsBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeEntryListBaseInfoExtractor):
 346     def _process_page(self, content):
 347         for playlist_id in orderedSet(re.findall(
 348                 r'<h3[^>]+class="[^"]*yt-lockup-title[^"]*"[^>]*><a[^>]+href="/?playlist\?list=([0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,})"',
 349                 content)):
 350             yield self.url_result(
 351                 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=%s' % playlist_id, 'YoutubePlaylist')
 352
 353     def _real_extract(self, url):
 354         playlist_id = self._match_id(url)
 355         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, playlist_id)
 356         title = self._og_search_title(webpage, fatal=False)
 357         return self.playlist_result(self._entries(webpage, playlist_id), playlist_id, title)
 358
 359
 360 class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
 361     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com'
 362     _VALID_URL = r"""(?x)^
 363                      (
 364                          (?:https?://|//)                                    # http(s):// or protocol-independent URL
 365                          (?:(?:(?:(?:\w+\.)?[yY][oO][uU][tT][uU][bB][eE](?:-nocookie)?\.com/|
 366                             (?:www\.)?deturl\.com/www\.youtube\.com/|
 367                             (?:www\.)?pwnyoutube\.com/|
 368                             (?:www\.)?hooktube\.com/|
 369                             (?:www\.)?yourepeat\.com/|
 370                             tube\.majestyc\.net/|
 371                             (?:(?:www|dev)\.)?invidio\.us/|
 372                             (?:www\.)?invidiou\.sh/|
 373                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.snopyta\.org/|
 374                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.kabi\.tk/|
 375                             (?:www\.)?vid\.wxzm\.sx/|
 376                             youtube\.googleapis\.com/)                        # the various hostnames, with wildcard subdomains
 377                          (?:.*?\#/)?                                          # handle anchor (#/) redirect urls
 378                          (?:                                                  # the various things that can precede the ID:
 379                              (?:(?:v|embed|e)/(?!videoseries))                # v/ or embed/ or e/
 380                              |(?:                                             # or the v= param in all its forms
 381                                  (?:(?:watch|movie)(?:_popup)?(?:\.php)?/?)?  # preceding watch(_popup|.php) or nothing (like /?v=xxxx)
 382                                  (?:\?|\#!?)                                  # the params delimiter ? or # or #!
 383                                  (?:.*?[&;])??                                # any other preceding param (like /?s=tuff&v=xxxx or ?s=tuff&amp;v=V36LpHqtcDY)
 384                                  v=
 385                              )
 386                          ))
 387                          |(?:
 388                             youtu\.be|                                        # just youtu.be/xxxx
 389                             vid\.plus|                                        # or vid.plus/xxxx
 390                             zwearz\.com/watch|                                # or zwearz.com/watch/xxxx
 391                          )/
 392                          |(?:www\.)?cleanvideosearch\.com/media/action/yt/watch\?videoId=
 393                          )
 394                      )?                                                       # all until now is optional -> you can pass the naked ID
 395                      ([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})                                      # here is it! the YouTube video ID
 396                      (?!.*?\blist=
 397                         (?:
 398                             %(playlist_id)s|                                  # combined list/video URLs are handled by the playlist IE
 399                             WL                                                # WL are handled by the watch later IE
 400                         )
 401                      )
 402                      (?(1).+)?                                                # if we found the ID, everything can follow
 403                      $""" % {'playlist_id': YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._PLAYLIST_ID_RE}
 404     _NEXT_URL_RE = r'[\?&]next_url=([^&]+)'
 405     _formats = {
 406         '5': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 400, 'height': 240, 'acodec': 'mp3', 'abr': 64, 'vcodec': 'h263'},
 407         '6': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 450, 'height': 270, 'acodec': 'mp3', 'abr': 64, 'vcodec': 'h263'},
 408         '13': {'ext': '3gp', 'acodec': 'aac', 'vcodec': 'mp4v'},
 409         '17': {'ext': '3gp', 'width': 176, 'height': 144, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 24, 'vcodec': 'mp4v'},
 410         '18': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 640, 'height': 360, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 96, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 411         '22': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 1280, 'height': 720, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 412         '34': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 640, 'height': 360, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 413         '35': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 414         # itag 36 videos are either 320x180 (BaW_jenozKc) or 320x240 (__2ABJjxzNo), abr varies as well
 415         '36': {'ext': '3gp', 'width': 320, 'acodec': 'aac', 'vcodec': 'mp4v'},
 416         '37': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 1920, 'height': 1080, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 417         '38': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 4096, 'height': 3072, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 418         '43': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 640, 'height': 360, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 419         '44': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 420         '45': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 1280, 'height': 720, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 421         '46': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 1920, 'height': 1080, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 422         '59': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 423         '78': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 424
 425
 426         # 3D videos
 427         '82': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 428         '83': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 429         '84': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 430         '85': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 431         '100': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'vp8', 'preference': -20},
 432         '101': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8', 'preference': -20},
 433         '102': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8', 'preference': -20},
 434
 435         # Apple HTTP Live Streaming
 436         '91': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 437         '92': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 438         '93': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 439         '94': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 440         '95': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 256, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 441         '96': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 256, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 442         '132': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 443         '151': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 72, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 24, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 444
 445         # DASH mp4 video
 446         '133': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 447         '134': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 448         '135': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 449         '136': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 450         '137': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 451         '138': {'ext': 'mp4', 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},  # Height can vary (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4559)
 452         '160': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 453         '212': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 454         '264': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 455         '298': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264', 'fps': 60},
 456         '299': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264', 'fps': 60},
 457         '266': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 458
 459         # Dash mp4 audio
 460         '139': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 461         '140': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 462         '141': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 256, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 463         '256': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 464         '258': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 465         '325': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'dtse', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 466         '328': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'ec-3', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 467
 468         # Dash webm
 469         '167': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'width': 640, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 470         '168': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 471         '169': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'width': 1280, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 472         '170': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'width': 1920, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 473         '218': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 474         '219': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 475         '278': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 476         '242': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 477         '243': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 478         '244': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 479         '245': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 480         '246': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 481         '247': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 482         '248': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 483         '271': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 484         # itag 272 videos are either 3840x2160 (e.g. RtoitU2A-3E) or 7680x4320 (sLprVF6d7Ug)
 485         '272': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 486         '302': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 487         '303': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 488         '308': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 489         '313': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 490         '315': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 491
 492         # Dash webm audio
 493         '171': {'ext': 'webm', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'abr': 128},
 494         '172': {'ext': 'webm', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'abr': 256},
 495
 496         # Dash webm audio with opus inside
 497         '249': {'ext': 'webm', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 50},
 498         '250': {'ext': 'webm', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 70},
 499         '251': {'ext': 'webm', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 160},
 500
 501         # RTMP (unnamed)
 502         '_rtmp': {'protocol': 'rtmp'},
 503     }
 504     _SUBTITLE_FORMATS = ('srv1', 'srv2', 'srv3', 'ttml', 'vtt')
 505
 506     _GEO_BYPASS = False
 507
 508     IE_NAME = 'youtube'
 509     _TESTS = [
 510         {
 511             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc&t=1s&end=9',
 512             'info_dict': {
 513                 'id': 'BaW_jenozKc',
 514                 'ext': 'mp4',
 515                 'title': 'youtube-dl test video "\'/\\ä↭𝕐',
 516                 'uploader': 'Philipp Hagemeister',
 517                 'uploader_id': 'phihag',
 518                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/phihag',
 519                 'channel_id': 'UCLqxVugv74EIW3VWh2NOa3Q',
 520                 'channel_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCLqxVugv74EIW3VWh2NOa3Q',
 521                 'upload_date': '20121002',
 522                 'description': 'test chars:  "\'/\\ä↭𝕐\ntest URL: https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/1892\n\nThis is a test video for youtube-dl.\n\nFor more information, contact phihag@phihag.de .',
 523                 'categories': ['Science & Technology'],
 524                 'tags': ['youtube-dl'],
 525                 'duration': 10,
 526                 'view_count': int,
 527                 'like_count': int,
 528                 'dislike_count': int,
 529                 'start_time': 1,
 530                 'end_time': 9,
 531             }
 532         },
 533         {
 534             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UxxajLWwzqY',
 535             'note': 'Test generic use_cipher_signature video (#897)',
 536             'info_dict': {
 537                 'id': 'UxxajLWwzqY',
 538                 'ext': 'mp4',
 539                 'upload_date': '20120506',
 540                 'title': 'Icona Pop - I Love It (feat. Charli XCX) [OFFICIAL VIDEO]',
 541                 'alt_title': 'I Love It (feat. Charli XCX)',
 542                 'description': 'md5:f3ceb5ef83a08d95b9d146f973157cc8',
 543                 'tags': ['Icona Pop i love it', 'sweden', 'pop music', 'big beat records', 'big beat', 'charli',
 544                          'xcx', 'charli xcx', 'girls', 'hbo', 'i love it', "i don't care", 'icona', 'pop',
 545                          'iconic ep', 'iconic', 'love', 'it'],
 546                 'duration': 180,
 547                 'uploader': 'Icona Pop',
 548                 'uploader_id': 'IconaPop',
 549                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/IconaPop',
 550                 'creator': 'Icona Pop',
 551                 'track': 'I Love It (feat. Charli XCX)',
 552                 'artist': 'Icona Pop',
 553             }
 554         },
 555         {
 556             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=07FYdnEawAQ',
 557             'note': 'Test VEVO video with age protection (#956)',
 558             'info_dict': {
 559                 'id': '07FYdnEawAQ',
 560                 'ext': 'mp4',
 561                 'upload_date': '20130703',
 562                 'title': 'Justin Timberlake - Tunnel Vision (Official Music Video) (Explicit)',
 563                 'alt_title': 'Tunnel Vision',
 564                 'description': 'md5:07dab3356cde4199048e4c7cd93471e1',
 565                 'duration': 419,
 566                 'uploader': 'justintimberlakeVEVO',
 567                 'uploader_id': 'justintimberlakeVEVO',
 568                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/justintimberlakeVEVO',
 569                 'creator': 'Justin Timberlake',
 570                 'track': 'Tunnel Vision',
 571                 'artist': 'Justin Timberlake',
 572                 'age_limit': 18,
 573             }
 574         },
 575         {
 576             'url': '//www.YouTube.com/watch?v=yZIXLfi8CZQ',
 577             'note': 'Embed-only video (#1746)',
 578             'info_dict': {
 579                 'id': 'yZIXLfi8CZQ',
 580                 'ext': 'mp4',
 581                 'upload_date': '20120608',
 582                 'title': 'Principal Sexually Assaults A Teacher - Episode 117 - 8th June 2012',
 583                 'description': 'md5:09b78bd971f1e3e289601dfba15ca4f7',
 584                 'uploader': 'SET India',
 585                 'uploader_id': 'setindia',
 586                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/setindia',
 587                 'age_limit': 18,
 588             }
 589         },
 590         {
 591             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc&v=UxxajLWwzqY',
 592             'note': 'Use the first video ID in the URL',
 593             'info_dict': {
 594                 'id': 'BaW_jenozKc',
 595                 'ext': 'mp4',
 596                 'title': 'youtube-dl test video "\'/\\ä↭𝕐',
 597                 'uploader': 'Philipp Hagemeister',
 598                 'uploader_id': 'phihag',
 599                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/phihag',
 600                 'upload_date': '20121002',
 601                 'description': 'test chars:  "\'/\\ä↭𝕐\ntest URL: https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/1892\n\nThis is a test video for youtube-dl.\n\nFor more information, contact phihag@phihag.de .',
 602                 'categories': ['Science & Technology'],
 603                 'tags': ['youtube-dl'],
 604                 'duration': 10,
 605                 'view_count': int,
 606                 'like_count': int,
 607                 'dislike_count': int,
 608             },
 609             'params': {
 610                 'skip_download': True,
 611             },
 612         },
 613         {
 614             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a9LDPn-MO4I',
 615             'note': '256k DASH audio (format 141) via DASH manifest',
 616             'info_dict': {
 617                 'id': 'a9LDPn-MO4I',
 618                 'ext': 'm4a',
 619                 'upload_date': '20121002',
 620                 'uploader_id': '8KVIDEO',
 621                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/8KVIDEO',
 622                 'description': '',
 623                 'uploader': '8KVIDEO',
 624                 'title': 'UHDTV TEST 8K VIDEO.mp4'
 625             },
 626             'params': {
 627                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 628                 'format': '141',
 629             },
 630             'skip': 'format 141 not served anymore',
 631         },
 632         # DASH manifest with encrypted signature
 633         {
 634             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IB3lcPjvWLA',
 635             'info_dict': {
 636                 'id': 'IB3lcPjvWLA',
 637                 'ext': 'm4a',
 638                 'title': 'Afrojack, Spree Wilson - The Spark (Official Music Video) ft. Spree Wilson',
 639                 'description': 'md5:8f5e2b82460520b619ccac1f509d43bf',
 640                 'duration': 244,
 641                 'uploader': 'AfrojackVEVO',
 642                 'uploader_id': 'AfrojackVEVO',
 643                 'upload_date': '20131011',
 644             },
 645             'params': {
 646                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 647                 'format': '141/bestaudio[ext=m4a]',
 648             },
 649         },
 650         # JS player signature function name containing $
 651         {
 652             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nfWlot6h_JM',
 653             'info_dict': {
 654                 'id': 'nfWlot6h_JM',
 655                 'ext': 'm4a',
 656                 'title': 'Taylor Swift - Shake It Off',
 657                 'description': 'md5:bec2185232c05479482cb5a9b82719bf',
 658                 'duration': 242,
 659                 'uploader': 'TaylorSwiftVEVO',
 660                 'uploader_id': 'TaylorSwiftVEVO',
 661                 'upload_date': '20140818',
 662                 'creator': 'Taylor Swift',
 663             },
 664             'params': {
 665                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 666                 'format': '141/bestaudio[ext=m4a]',
 667             },
 668         },
 669         # Controversy video
 670         {
 671             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T4XJQO3qol8',
 672             'info_dict': {
 673                 'id': 'T4XJQO3qol8',
 674                 'ext': 'mp4',
 675                 'duration': 219,
 676                 'upload_date': '20100909',
 677                 'uploader': 'Amazing Atheist',
 678                 'uploader_id': 'TheAmazingAtheist',
 679                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/TheAmazingAtheist',
 680                 'title': 'Burning Everyone\'s Koran',
 681                 'description': 'SUBSCRIBE: http://www.youtube.com/saturninefilms\n\nEven Obama has taken a stand against freedom on this issue: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/09/09/obama-gma-interview-quran_n_710282.html',
 682             }
 683         },
 684         # Normal age-gate video (No vevo, embed allowed)
 685         {
 686             'url': 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=HtVdAasjOgU',
 687             'info_dict': {
 688                 'id': 'HtVdAasjOgU',
 689                 'ext': 'mp4',
 690                 'title': 'The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt - The Sword Of Destiny Trailer',
 691                 'description': r're:(?s).{100,}About the Game\n.*?The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt.{100,}',
 692                 'duration': 142,
 693                 'uploader': 'The Witcher',
 694                 'uploader_id': 'WitcherGame',
 695                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/WitcherGame',
 696                 'upload_date': '20140605',
 697                 'age_limit': 18,
 698             },
 699         },
 700         # Age-gate video with encrypted signature
 701         {
 702             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6kLq3WMV1nU',
 703             'info_dict': {
 704                 'id': '6kLq3WMV1nU',
 705                 'ext': 'mp4',
 706                 'title': 'Dedication To My Ex (Miss That) (Lyric Video)',
 707                 'description': 'md5:33765bb339e1b47e7e72b5490139bb41',
 708                 'duration': 246,
 709                 'uploader': 'LloydVEVO',
 710                 'uploader_id': 'LloydVEVO',
 711                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/LloydVEVO',
 712                 'upload_date': '20110629',
 713                 'age_limit': 18,
 714             },
 715         },
 716         # video_info is None (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4421)
 717         # YouTube Red ad is not captured for creator
 718         {
 719             'url': '__2ABJjxzNo',
 720             'info_dict': {
 721                 'id': '__2ABJjxzNo',
 722                 'ext': 'mp4',
 723                 'duration': 266,
 724                 'upload_date': '20100430',
 725                 'uploader_id': 'deadmau5',
 726                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/deadmau5',
 727                 'creator': 'deadmau5',
 728                 'description': 'md5:12c56784b8032162bb936a5f76d55360',
 729                 'uploader': 'deadmau5',
 730                 'title': 'Deadmau5 - Some Chords (HD)',
 731                 'alt_title': 'Some Chords',
 732             },
 733             'expected_warnings': [
 734                 'DASH manifest missing',
 735             ]
 736         },
 737         # Olympics (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4431)
 738         {
 739             'url': 'lqQg6PlCWgI',
 740             'info_dict': {
 741                 'id': 'lqQg6PlCWgI',
 742                 'ext': 'mp4',
 743                 'duration': 6085,
 744                 'upload_date': '20150827',
 745                 'uploader_id': 'olympic',
 746                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/olympic',
 747                 'description': 'HO09  - Women -  GER-AUS - Hockey - 31 July 2012 - London 2012 Olympic Games',
 748                 'uploader': 'Olympic',
 749                 'title': 'Hockey - Women -  GER-AUS - London 2012 Olympic Games',
 750             },
 751             'params': {
 752                 'skip_download': 'requires avconv',
 753             }
 754         },
 755         # Non-square pixels
 756         {
 757             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_b-2C3KPAM0',
 758             'info_dict': {
 759                 'id': '_b-2C3KPAM0',
 760                 'ext': 'mp4',
 761                 'stretched_ratio': 16 / 9.,
 762                 'duration': 85,
 763                 'upload_date': '20110310',
 764                 'uploader_id': 'AllenMeow',
 765                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/AllenMeow',
 766                 'description': 'made by Wacom from Korea | 字幕&加油添醋 by TY\'s Allen | 感謝heylisa00cavey1001同學熱情提供梗及翻譯',
 767                 'uploader': '孫ᄋᄅ',
 768                 'title': '[A-made] 變態妍字幕版 太妍 我就是這樣的人',
 769             },
 770         },
 771         # url_encoded_fmt_stream_map is empty string
 772         {
 773             'url': 'qEJwOuvDf7I',
 774             'info_dict': {
 775                 'id': 'qEJwOuvDf7I',
 776                 'ext': 'webm',
 777                 'title': 'Обсуждение судебной практики по выборам 14 сентября 2014 года в Санкт-Петербурге',
 778                 'description': '',
 779                 'upload_date': '20150404',
 780                 'uploader_id': 'spbelect',
 781                 'uploader': 'Наблюдатели Петербурга',
 782             },
 783             'params': {
 784                 'skip_download': 'requires avconv',
 785             },
 786             'skip': 'This live event has ended.',
 787         },
 788         # Extraction from multiple DASH manifests (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/6097)
 789         {
 790             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FIl7x6_3R5Y',
 791             'info_dict': {
 792                 'id': 'FIl7x6_3R5Y',
 793                 'ext': 'webm',
 794                 'title': 'md5:7b81415841e02ecd4313668cde88737a',
 795                 'description': 'md5:116377fd2963b81ec4ce64b542173306',
 796                 'duration': 220,
 797                 'upload_date': '20150625',
 798                 'uploader_id': 'dorappi2000',
 799                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/dorappi2000',
 800                 'uploader': 'dorappi2000',
 801                 'formats': 'mincount:31',
 802             },
 803             'skip': 'not actual anymore',
 804         },
 805         # DASH manifest with segment_list
 806         {
 807             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/embed/CsmdDsKjzN8',
 808             'md5': '8ce563a1d667b599d21064e982ab9e31',
 809             'info_dict': {
 810                 'id': 'CsmdDsKjzN8',
 811                 'ext': 'mp4',
 812                 'upload_date': '20150501',  # According to '<meta itemprop="datePublished"', but in other places it's 20150510
 813                 'uploader': 'Airtek',
 814                 'description': 'Retransmisión en directo de la XVIII media maratón de Zaragoza.',
 815                 'uploader_id': 'UCzTzUmjXxxacNnL8I3m4LnQ',
 816                 'title': 'Retransmisión XVIII Media maratón Zaragoza 2015',
 817             },
 818             'params': {
 819                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 820                 'format': '135',  # bestvideo
 821             },
 822             'skip': 'This live event has ended.',
 823         },
 824         {
 825             # Multifeed videos (multiple cameras), URL is for Main Camera
 826             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jqWvoWXjCVs',
 827             'info_dict': {
 828                 'id': 'jqWvoWXjCVs',
 829                 'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream',
 830                 'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 831             },
 832             'playlist': [{
 833                 'info_dict': {
 834                     'id': 'jqWvoWXjCVs',
 835                     'ext': 'mp4',
 836                     'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream (Main Camera)',
 837                     'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 838                     'duration': 7335,
 839                     'upload_date': '20150721',
 840                     'uploader': 'Beer Games Beer',
 841                     'uploader_id': 'beergamesbeer',
 842                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/beergamesbeer',
 843                     'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
 844                 },
 845             }, {
 846                 'info_dict': {
 847                     'id': '6h8e8xoXJzg',
 848                     'ext': 'mp4',
 849                     'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream (kreestuh)',
 850                     'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 851                     'duration': 7337,
 852                     'upload_date': '20150721',
 853                     'uploader': 'Beer Games Beer',
 854                     'uploader_id': 'beergamesbeer',
 855                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/beergamesbeer',
 856                     'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
 857                 },
 858             }, {
 859                 'info_dict': {
 860                     'id': 'PUOgX5z9xZw',
 861                     'ext': 'mp4',
 862                     'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream (grizzle)',
 863                     'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 864                     'duration': 7337,
 865                     'upload_date': '20150721',
 866                     'uploader': 'Beer Games Beer',
 867                     'uploader_id': 'beergamesbeer',
 868                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/beergamesbeer',
 869                     'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
 870                 },
 871             }, {
 872                 'info_dict': {
 873                     'id': 'teuwxikvS5k',
 874                     'ext': 'mp4',
 875                     'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream (zim)',
 876                     'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 877                     'duration': 7334,
 878                     'upload_date': '20150721',
 879                     'uploader': 'Beer Games Beer',
 880                     'uploader_id': 'beergamesbeer',
 881                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/beergamesbeer',
 882                     'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
 883                 },
 884             }],
 885             'params': {
 886                 'skip_download': True,
 887             },
 888             'skip': 'This video is not available.',
 889         },
 890         {
 891             # Multifeed video with comma in title (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8536)
 892             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gVfLd0zydlo',
 893             'info_dict': {
 894                 'id': 'gVfLd0zydlo',
 895                 'title': 'DevConf.cz 2016 Day 2 Workshops 1 14:00 - 15:30',
 896             },
 897             'playlist_count': 2,
 898             'skip': 'Not multifeed anymore',
 899         },
 900         {
 901             'url': 'https://vid.plus/FlRa-iH7PGw',
 902             'only_matching': True,
 903         },
 904         {
 905             'url': 'https://zwearz.com/watch/9lWxNJF-ufM/electra-woman-dyna-girl-official-trailer-grace-helbig.html',
 906             'only_matching': True,
 907         },
 908         {
 909             # Title with JS-like syntax "};" (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7468)
 910             # Also tests cut-off URL expansion in video description (see
 911             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/1892,
 912             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8164)
 913             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lsguqyKfVQg',
 914             'info_dict': {
 915                 'id': 'lsguqyKfVQg',
 916                 'ext': 'mp4',
 917                 'title': '{dark walk}; Loki/AC/Dishonored; collab w/Elflover21',
 918                 'alt_title': 'Dark Walk - Position Music',
 919                 'description': 'md5:8085699c11dc3f597ce0410b0dcbb34a',
 920                 'duration': 133,
 921                 'upload_date': '20151119',
 922                 'uploader_id': 'IronSoulElf',
 923                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/IronSoulElf',
 924                 'uploader': 'IronSoulElf',
 925                 'creator': 'Todd Haberman,  Daniel Law Heath and Aaron Kaplan',
 926                 'track': 'Dark Walk - Position Music',
 927                 'artist': 'Todd Haberman,  Daniel Law Heath and Aaron Kaplan',
 928                 'album': 'Position Music - Production Music Vol. 143 - Dark Walk',
 929             },
 930             'params': {
 931                 'skip_download': True,
 932             },
 933         },
 934         {
 935             # Tags with '};' (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7468)
 936             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ms7iBXnlUO8',
 937             'only_matching': True,
 938         },
 939         {
 940             # Video with yt:stretch=17:0
 941             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q39EVAstoRM',
 942             'info_dict': {
 943                 'id': 'Q39EVAstoRM',
 944                 'ext': 'mp4',
 945                 'title': 'Clash Of Clans#14 Dicas De Ataque Para CV 4',
 946                 'description': 'md5:ee18a25c350637c8faff806845bddee9',
 947                 'upload_date': '20151107',
 948                 'uploader_id': 'UCCr7TALkRbo3EtFzETQF1LA',
 949                 'uploader': 'CH GAMER DROID',
 950             },
 951             'params': {
 952                 'skip_download': True,
 953             },
 954             'skip': 'This video does not exist.',
 955         },
 956         {
 957             # Video licensed under Creative Commons
 958             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M4gD1WSo5mA',
 959             'info_dict': {
 960                 'id': 'M4gD1WSo5mA',
 961                 'ext': 'mp4',
 962                 'title': 'md5:e41008789470fc2533a3252216f1c1d1',
 963                 'description': 'md5:a677553cf0840649b731a3024aeff4cc',
 964                 'duration': 721,
 965                 'upload_date': '20150127',
 966                 'uploader_id': 'BerkmanCenter',
 967                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/BerkmanCenter',
 968                 'uploader': 'The Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society',
 969                 'license': 'Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed)',
 970             },
 971             'params': {
 972                 'skip_download': True,
 973             },
 974         },
 975         {
 976             # Channel-like uploader_url
 977             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eQcmzGIKrzg',
 978             'info_dict': {
 979                 'id': 'eQcmzGIKrzg',
 980                 'ext': 'mp4',
 981                 'title': 'Democratic Socialism and Foreign Policy | Bernie Sanders',
 982                 'description': 'md5:dda0d780d5a6e120758d1711d062a867',
 983                 'duration': 4060,
 984                 'upload_date': '20151119',
 985                 'uploader': 'Bernie Sanders',
 986                 'uploader_id': 'UCH1dpzjCEiGAt8CXkryhkZg',
 987                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCH1dpzjCEiGAt8CXkryhkZg',
 988                 'license': 'Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed)',
 989             },
 990             'params': {
 991                 'skip_download': True,
 992             },
 993         },
 994         {
 995             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;amp;v=V36LpHqtcDY',
 996             'only_matching': True,
 997         },
 998         {
 999             # YouTube Red paid video (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/10059)
1000             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i1Ko8UG-Tdo',
1001             'only_matching': True,
1002         },
1003         {
1004             # Rental video preview
1005             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yYr8q0y5Jfg',
1006             'info_dict': {
1007                 'id': 'uGpuVWrhIzE',
1008                 'ext': 'mp4',
1009                 'title': 'Piku - Trailer',
1010                 'description': 'md5:c36bd60c3fd6f1954086c083c72092eb',
1011                 'upload_date': '20150811',
1012                 'uploader': 'FlixMatrix',
1013                 'uploader_id': 'FlixMatrixKaravan',
1014                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/FlixMatrixKaravan',
1015                 'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
1016             },
1017             'params': {
1018                 'skip_download': True,
1019             },
1020             'skip': 'This video is not available.',
1021         },
1022         {
1023             # YouTube Red video with episode data
1024             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iqKdEhx-dD4',
1025             'info_dict': {
1026                 'id': 'iqKdEhx-dD4',
1027                 'ext': 'mp4',
1028                 'title': 'Isolation - Mind Field (Ep 1)',
1029                 'description': 'md5:46a29be4ceffa65b92d277b93f463c0f',
1030                 'duration': 2085,
1031                 'upload_date': '20170118',
1032                 'uploader': 'Vsauce',
1033                 'uploader_id': 'Vsauce',
1034                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/Vsauce',
1035                 'series': 'Mind Field',
1036                 'season_number': 1,
1037                 'episode_number': 1,
1038             },
1039             'params': {
1040                 'skip_download': True,
1041             },
1042             'expected_warnings': [
1043                 'Skipping DASH manifest',
1044             ],
1045         },
1046         {
1047             # The following content has been identified by the YouTube community
1048             # as inappropriate or offensive to some audiences.
1049             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6SJNVb0GnPI',
1050             'info_dict': {
1051                 'id': '6SJNVb0GnPI',
1052                 'ext': 'mp4',
1053                 'title': 'Race Differences in Intelligence',
1054                 'description': 'md5:5d161533167390427a1f8ee89a1fc6f1',
1055                 'duration': 965,
1056                 'upload_date': '20140124',
1057                 'uploader': 'New Century Foundation',
1058                 'uploader_id': 'UCEJYpZGqgUob0zVVEaLhvVg',
1059                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCEJYpZGqgUob0zVVEaLhvVg',
1060             },
1061             'params': {
1062                 'skip_download': True,
1063             },
1064         },
1065         {
1066             # itag 212
1067             'url': '1t24XAntNCY',
1068             'only_matching': True,
1069         },
1070         {
1071             # geo restricted to JP
1072             'url': 'sJL6WA-aGkQ',
1073             'only_matching': True,
1074         },
1075         {
1076             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MuAGGZNfUkU&list=RDMM',
1077             'only_matching': True,
1078         },
1079         {
1080             'url': 'https://invidio.us/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc',
1081             'only_matching': True,
1082         },
1083         {
1084             # DRM protected
1085             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s7_qI6_mIXc',
1086             'only_matching': True,
1087         },
1088         {
1089             # Video with unsupported adaptive stream type formats
1090             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z4Vy8R84T1U',
1091             'info_dict': {
1092                 'id': 'Z4Vy8R84T1U',
1093                 'ext': 'mp4',
1094                 'title': 'saman SMAN 53 Jakarta(Sancety) opening COFFEE4th at SMAN 53 Jakarta',
1095                 'description': 'md5:d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e',
1096                 'duration': 433,
1097                 'upload_date': '20130923',
1098                 'uploader': 'Amelia Putri Harwita',
1099                 'uploader_id': 'UCpOxM49HJxmC1qCalXyB3_Q',
1100                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCpOxM49HJxmC1qCalXyB3_Q',
1101                 'formats': 'maxcount:10',
1102             },
1103             'params': {
1104                 'skip_download': True,
1105                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': False,
1106             },
1107         },
1108         {
1109             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1110             'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/watch?v=MgNrAu2pzNs',
1111             'info_dict': {
1112                 'id': 'MgNrAu2pzNs',
1113                 'ext': 'mp4',
1114                 'title': 'Voyeur Girl',
1115                 'description': 'md5:7ae382a65843d6df2685993e90a8628f',
1116                 'upload_date': '20190312',
1117                 'uploader': 'Various Artists - Topic',
1118                 'uploader_id': 'UCVWKBi1ELZn0QX2CBLSkiyw',
1119                 'artist': 'Stephen',
1120                 'track': 'Voyeur Girl',
1121                 'album': 'it\'s too much love to know my dear',
1122                 'release_date': '20190313',
1123                 'release_year': 2019,
1124             },
1125             'params': {
1126                 'skip_download': True,
1127             },
1128         },
1129         {
1130             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1131             # Retrieve 'artist' field from 'Artist:' in video description
1132             # when it is present on youtube music video
1133             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k0jLE7tTwjY',
1134             'info_dict': {
1135                 'id': 'k0jLE7tTwjY',
1136                 'ext': 'mp4',
1137                 'title': 'Latch Feat. Sam Smith',
1138                 'description': 'md5:3cb1e8101a7c85fcba9b4fb41b951335',
1139                 'upload_date': '20150110',
1140                 'uploader': 'Various Artists - Topic',
1141                 'uploader_id': 'UCNkEcmYdjrH4RqtNgh7BZ9w',
1142                 'artist': 'Disclosure',
1143                 'track': 'Latch Feat. Sam Smith',
1144                 'album': 'Latch Featuring Sam Smith',
1145                 'release_date': '20121008',
1146                 'release_year': 2012,
1147             },
1148             'params': {
1149                 'skip_download': True,
1150             },
1151         },
1152         {
1153             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1154             # handle multiple artists on youtube music video
1155             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=74qn0eJSjpA',
1156             'info_dict': {
1157                 'id': '74qn0eJSjpA',
1158                 'ext': 'mp4',
1159                 'title': 'Eastside',
1160                 'description': 'md5:290516bb73dcbfab0dcc4efe6c3de5f2',
1161                 'upload_date': '20180710',
1162                 'uploader': 'Benny Blanco - Topic',
1163                 'uploader_id': 'UCzqz_ksRu_WkIzmivMdIS7A',
1164                 'artist': 'benny blanco, Halsey, Khalid',
1165                 'track': 'Eastside',
1166                 'album': 'Eastside',
1167                 'release_date': '20180713',
1168                 'release_year': 2018,
1169             },
1170             'params': {
1171                 'skip_download': True,
1172             },
1173         },
1174         {
1175             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1176             # handle youtube music video with release_year and no release_date
1177             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-hcAI0g-f5M',
1178             'info_dict': {
1179                 'id': '-hcAI0g-f5M',
1180                 'ext': 'mp4',
1181                 'title': 'Put It On Me',
1182                 'description': 'md5:93c55acc682ae7b0c668f2e34e1c069e',
1183                 'upload_date': '20180426',
1184                 'uploader': 'Matt Maeson - Topic',
1185                 'uploader_id': 'UCnEkIGqtGcQMLk73Kp-Q5LQ',
1186                 'artist': 'Matt Maeson',
1187                 'track': 'Put It On Me',
1188                 'album': 'The Hearse',
1189                 'release_date': None,
1190                 'release_year': 2018,
1191             },
1192             'params': {
1193                 'skip_download': True,
1194             },
1195         },
1196     ]
1197
1198     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
1199         super(YoutubeIE, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
1200         self._player_cache = {}
1201
1202     def report_video_info_webpage_download(self, video_id):
1203         """Report attempt to download video info webpage."""
1204         self.to_screen('%s: Downloading video info webpage' % video_id)
1205
1206     def report_information_extraction(self, video_id):
1207         """Report attempt to extract video information."""
1208         self.to_screen('%s: Extracting video information' % video_id)
1209
1210     def report_unavailable_format(self, video_id, format):
1211         """Report extracted video URL."""
1212         self.to_screen('%s: Format %s not available' % (video_id, format))
1213
1214     def report_rtmp_download(self):
1215         """Indicate the download will use the RTMP protocol."""
1216         self.to_screen('RTMP download detected')
1217
1218     def _signature_cache_id(self, example_sig):
1219         """ Return a string representation of a signature """
1220         return '.'.join(compat_str(len(part)) for part in example_sig.split('.'))
1221
1222     def _extract_signature_function(self, video_id, player_url, example_sig):
1223         id_m = re.match(
1224             r'.*?-(?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)(?:/watch_as3|/html5player(?:-new)?|(?:/[a-z]{2,3}_[A-Z]{2})?/base)?\.(?P<ext>[a-z]+)$',
1225             player_url)
1226         if not id_m:
1227             raise ExtractorError('Cannot identify player %r' % player_url)
1228         player_type = id_m.group('ext')
1229         player_id = id_m.group('id')
1230
1231         # Read from filesystem cache
1232         func_id = '%s_%s_%s' % (
1233             player_type, player_id, self._signature_cache_id(example_sig))
1234         assert os.path.basename(func_id) == func_id
1235
1236         cache_spec = self._downloader.cache.load('youtube-sigfuncs', func_id)
1237         if cache_spec is not None:
1238             return lambda s: ''.join(s[i] for i in cache_spec)
1239
1240         download_note = (
1241             'Downloading player %s' % player_url
1242             if self._downloader.params.get('verbose') else
1243             'Downloading %s player %s' % (player_type, player_id)
1244         )
1245         if player_type == 'js':
1246             code = self._download_webpage(
1247                 player_url, video_id,
1248                 note=download_note,
1249                 errnote='Download of %s failed' % player_url)
1250             res = self._parse_sig_js(code)
1251         elif player_type == 'swf':
1252             urlh = self._request_webpage(
1253                 player_url, video_id,
1254                 note=download_note,
1255                 errnote='Download of %s failed' % player_url)
1256             code = urlh.read()
1257             res = self._parse_sig_swf(code)
1258         else:
1259             assert False, 'Invalid player type %r' % player_type
1260
1261         test_string = ''.join(map(compat_chr, range(len(example_sig))))
1262         cache_res = res(test_string)
1263         cache_spec = [ord(c) for c in cache_res]
1264
1265         self._downloader.cache.store('youtube-sigfuncs', func_id, cache_spec)
1266         return res
1267
1268     def _print_sig_code(self, func, example_sig):
1269         def gen_sig_code(idxs):
1270             def _genslice(start, end, step):
1271                 starts = '' if start == 0 else str(start)
1272                 ends = (':%d' % (end + step)) if end + step >= 0 else ':'
1273                 steps = '' if step == 1 else (':%d' % step)
1274                 return 's[%s%s%s]' % (starts, ends, steps)
1275
1276             step = None
1277             # Quelch pyflakes warnings - start will be set when step is set
1278             start = '(Never used)'
1279             for i, prev in zip(idxs[1:], idxs[:-1]):
1280                 if step is not None:
1281                     if i - prev == step:
1282                         continue
1283                     yield _genslice(start, prev, step)
1284                     step = None
1285                     continue
1286                 if i - prev in [-1, 1]:
1287                     step = i - prev
1288                     start = prev
1289                     continue
1290                 else:
1291                     yield 's[%d]' % prev
1292             if step is None:
1293                 yield 's[%d]' % i
1294             else:
1295                 yield _genslice(start, i, step)
1296
1297         test_string = ''.join(map(compat_chr, range(len(example_sig))))
1298         cache_res = func(test_string)
1299         cache_spec = [ord(c) for c in cache_res]
1300         expr_code = ' + '.join(gen_sig_code(cache_spec))
1301         signature_id_tuple = '(%s)' % (
1302             ', '.join(compat_str(len(p)) for p in example_sig.split('.')))
1303         code = ('if tuple(len(p) for p in s.split(\'.\')) == %s:\n'
1304                 '    return %s\n') % (signature_id_tuple, expr_code)
1305         self.to_screen('Extracted signature function:\n' + code)
1306
1307     def _parse_sig_js(self, jscode):
1308         funcname = self._search_regex(
1309             (r'(["\'])signature\1\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1310              r'\.sig\|\|(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1311              r'yt\.akamaized\.net/\)\s*\|\|\s*.*?\s*c\s*&&\s*d\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?:encodeURIComponent\s*\()?(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1312              r'\bc\s*&&\s*d\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?:encodeURIComponent\s*\()?\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1313              r'\bc\s*&&\s*d\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*\([^)]*\)\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\('),
1314             jscode, 'Initial JS player signature function name', group='sig')
1315
1316         jsi = JSInterpreter(jscode)
1317         initial_function = jsi.extract_function(funcname)
1318         return lambda s: initial_function([s])
1319
1320     def _parse_sig_swf(self, file_contents):
1321         swfi = SWFInterpreter(file_contents)
1322         TARGET_CLASSNAME = 'SignatureDecipher'
1323         searched_class = swfi.extract_class(TARGET_CLASSNAME)
1324         initial_function = swfi.extract_function(searched_class, 'decipher')
1325         return lambda s: initial_function([s])
1326
1327     def _decrypt_signature(self, s, video_id, player_url, age_gate=False):
1328         """Turn the encrypted s field into a working signature"""
1329
1330         if player_url is None:
1331             raise ExtractorError('Cannot decrypt signature without player_url')
1332
1333         if player_url.startswith('//'):
1334             player_url = 'https:' + player_url
1335         elif not re.match(r'https?://', player_url):
1336             player_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin(
1337                 'https://www.youtube.com', player_url)
1338         try:
1339             player_id = (player_url, self._signature_cache_id(s))
1340             if player_id not in self._player_cache:
1341                 func = self._extract_signature_function(
1342                     video_id, player_url, s
1343                 )
1344                 self._player_cache[player_id] = func
1345             func = self._player_cache[player_id]
1346             if self._downloader.params.get('youtube_print_sig_code'):
1347                 self._print_sig_code(func, s)
1348             return func(s)
1349         except Exception as e:
1350             tb = traceback.format_exc()
1351             raise ExtractorError(
1352                 'Signature extraction failed: ' + tb, cause=e)
1353
1354     def _get_subtitles(self, video_id, webpage):
1355         try:
1356             subs_doc = self._download_xml(
1357                 'https://video.google.com/timedtext?hl=en&type=list&v=%s' % video_id,
1358                 video_id, note=False)
1359         except ExtractorError as err:
1360             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to download video subtitles: %s' % error_to_compat_str(err))
1361             return {}
1362
1363         sub_lang_list = {}
1364         for track in subs_doc.findall('track'):
1365             lang = track.attrib['lang_code']
1366             if lang in sub_lang_list:
1367                 continue
1368             sub_formats = []
1369             for ext in self._SUBTITLE_FORMATS:
1370                 params = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
1371                     'lang': lang,
1372                     'v': video_id,
1373                     'fmt': ext,
1374                     'name': track.attrib['name'].encode('utf-8'),
1375                 })
1376                 sub_formats.append({
1377                     'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/api/timedtext?' + params,
1378                     'ext': ext,
1379                 })
1380             sub_lang_list[lang] = sub_formats
1381         if not sub_lang_list:
1382             self._downloader.report_warning('video doesn\'t have subtitles')
1383             return {}
1384         return sub_lang_list
1385
1386     def _get_ytplayer_config(self, video_id, webpage):
1387         patterns = (
1388             # User data may contain arbitrary character sequences that may affect
1389             # JSON extraction with regex, e.g. when '};' is contained the second
1390             # regex won't capture the whole JSON. Yet working around by trying more
1391             # concrete regex first keeping in mind proper quoted string handling
1392             # to be implemented in future that will replace this workaround (see
1393             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7468,
1394             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/7599)
1395             r';ytplayer\.config\s*=\s*({.+?});ytplayer',
1396             r';ytplayer\.config\s*=\s*({.+?});',
1397         )
1398         config = self._search_regex(
1399             patterns, webpage, 'ytplayer.config', default=None)
1400         if config:
1401             return self._parse_json(
1402                 uppercase_escape(config), video_id, fatal=False)
1403
1404     def _get_automatic_captions(self, video_id, webpage):
1405         """We need the webpage for getting the captions url, pass it as an
1406            argument to speed up the process."""
1407         self.to_screen('%s: Looking for automatic captions' % video_id)
1408         player_config = self._get_ytplayer_config(video_id, webpage)
1409         err_msg = 'Couldn\'t find automatic captions for %s' % video_id
1410         if not player_config:
1411             self._downloader.report_warning(err_msg)
1412             return {}
1413         try:
1414             args = player_config['args']
1415             caption_url = args.get('ttsurl')
1416             if caption_url:
1417                 timestamp = args['timestamp']
1418                 # We get the available subtitles
1419                 list_params = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
1420                     'type': 'list',
1421                     'tlangs': 1,
1422                     'asrs': 1,
1423                 })
1424                 list_url = caption_url + '&' + list_params
1425                 caption_list = self._download_xml(list_url, video_id)
1426                 original_lang_node = caption_list.find('track')
1427                 if original_lang_node is None:
1428                     self._downloader.report_warning('Video doesn\'t have automatic captions')
1429                     return {}
1430                 original_lang = original_lang_node.attrib['lang_code']
1431                 caption_kind = original_lang_node.attrib.get('kind', '')
1432
1433                 sub_lang_list = {}
1434                 for lang_node in caption_list.findall('target'):
1435                     sub_lang = lang_node.attrib['lang_code']
1436                     sub_formats = []
1437                     for ext in self._SUBTITLE_FORMATS:
1438                         params = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
1439                             'lang': original_lang,
1440                             'tlang': sub_lang,
1441                             'fmt': ext,
1442                             'ts': timestamp,
1443                             'kind': caption_kind,
1444                         })
1445                         sub_formats.append({
1446                             'url': caption_url + '&' + params,
1447                             'ext': ext,
1448                         })
1449                     sub_lang_list[sub_lang] = sub_formats
1450                 return sub_lang_list
1451
1452             def make_captions(sub_url, sub_langs):
1453                 parsed_sub_url = compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(sub_url)
1454                 caption_qs = compat_parse_qs(parsed_sub_url.query)
1455                 captions = {}
1456                 for sub_lang in sub_langs:
1457                     sub_formats = []
1458                     for ext in self._SUBTITLE_FORMATS:
1459                         caption_qs.update({
1460                             'tlang': [sub_lang],
1461                             'fmt': [ext],
1462                         })
1463                         sub_url = compat_urlparse.urlunparse(parsed_sub_url._replace(
1464                             query=compat_urllib_parse_urlencode(caption_qs, True)))
1465                         sub_formats.append({
1466                             'url': sub_url,
1467                             'ext': ext,
1468                         })
1469                     captions[sub_lang] = sub_formats
1470                 return captions
1471
1472             # New captions format as of 22.06.2017
1473             player_response = args.get('player_response')
1474             if player_response and isinstance(player_response, compat_str):
1475                 player_response = self._parse_json(
1476                     player_response, video_id, fatal=False)
1477                 if player_response:
1478                     renderer = player_response['captions']['playerCaptionsTracklistRenderer']
1479                     base_url = renderer['captionTracks'][0]['baseUrl']
1480                     sub_lang_list = []
1481                     for lang in renderer['translationLanguages']:
1482                         lang_code = lang.get('languageCode')
1483                         if lang_code:
1484                             sub_lang_list.append(lang_code)
1485                     return make_captions(base_url, sub_lang_list)
1486
1487             # Some videos don't provide ttsurl but rather caption_tracks and
1488             # caption_translation_languages (e.g. 20LmZk1hakA)
1489             # Does not used anymore as of 22.06.2017
1490             caption_tracks = args['caption_tracks']
1491             caption_translation_languages = args['caption_translation_languages']
1492             caption_url = compat_parse_qs(caption_tracks.split(',')[0])['u'][0]
1493             sub_lang_list = []
1494             for lang in caption_translation_languages.split(','):
1495                 lang_qs = compat_parse_qs(compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(lang))
1496                 sub_lang = lang_qs.get('lc', [None])[0]
1497                 if sub_lang:
1498                     sub_lang_list.append(sub_lang)
1499             return make_captions(caption_url, sub_lang_list)
1500         # An extractor error can be raise by the download process if there are
1501         # no automatic captions but there are subtitles
1502         except (KeyError, IndexError, ExtractorError):
1503             self._downloader.report_warning(err_msg)
1504             return {}
1505
1506     def _mark_watched(self, video_id, video_info, player_response):
1507         playback_url = url_or_none(try_get(
1508             player_response,
1509             lambda x: x['playbackTracking']['videostatsPlaybackUrl']['baseUrl']) or try_get(
1510             video_info, lambda x: x['videostats_playback_base_url'][0]))
1511         if not playback_url:
1512             return
1513         parsed_playback_url = compat_urlparse.urlparse(playback_url)
1514         qs = compat_urlparse.parse_qs(parsed_playback_url.query)
1515
1516         # cpn generation algorithm is reverse engineered from base.js.
1517         # In fact it works even with dummy cpn.
1518         CPN_ALPHABET = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789-_'
1519         cpn = ''.join((CPN_ALPHABET[random.randint(0, 256) & 63] for _ in range(0, 16)))
1520
1521         qs.update({
1522             'ver': ['2'],
1523             'cpn': [cpn],
1524         })
1525         playback_url = compat_urlparse.urlunparse(
1526             parsed_playback_url._replace(query=compat_urllib_parse_urlencode(qs, True)))
1527
1528         self._download_webpage(
1529             playback_url, video_id, 'Marking watched',
1530             'Unable to mark watched', fatal=False)
1531
1532     @staticmethod
1533     def _extract_urls(webpage):
1534         # Embedded YouTube player
1535         entries = [
1536             unescapeHTML(mobj.group('url'))
1537             for mobj in re.finditer(r'''(?x)
1538             (?:
1539                 <iframe[^>]+?src=|
1540                 data-video-url=|
1541                 <embed[^>]+?src=|
1542                 embedSWF\(?:\s*|
1543                 <object[^>]+data=|
1544                 new\s+SWFObject\(
1545             )
1546             (["\'])
1547                 (?P<url>(?:https?:)?//(?:www\.)?youtube(?:-nocookie)?\.com/
1548                 (?:embed|v|p)/[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}.*?)
1549             \1''', webpage)]
1550
1551         # lazyYT YouTube embed
1552         entries.extend(list(map(
1553             unescapeHTML,
1554             re.findall(r'class="lazyYT" data-youtube-id="([^"]+)"', webpage))))
1555
1556         # Wordpress "YouTube Video Importer" plugin
1557         matches = re.findall(r'''(?x)<div[^>]+
1558             class=(?P<q1>[\'"])[^\'"]*\byvii_single_video_player\b[^\'"]*(?P=q1)[^>]+
1559             data-video_id=(?P<q2>[\'"])([^\'"]+)(?P=q2)''', webpage)
1560         entries.extend(m[-1] for m in matches)
1561
1562         return entries
1563
1564     @staticmethod
1565     def _extract_url(webpage):
1566         urls = YoutubeIE._extract_urls(webpage)
1567         return urls[0] if urls else None
1568
1569     @classmethod
1570     def extract_id(cls, url):
1571         mobj = re.match(cls._VALID_URL, url, re.VERBOSE)
1572         if mobj is None:
1573             raise ExtractorError('Invalid URL: %s' % url)
1574         video_id = mobj.group(2)
1575         return video_id
1576
1577     def _extract_annotations(self, video_id):
1578         url = 'https://www.youtube.com/annotations_invideo?features=1&legacy=1&video_id=%s' % video_id
1579         return self._download_webpage(url, video_id, note='Searching for annotations.', errnote='Unable to download video annotations.')
1580
1581     @staticmethod
1582     def _extract_chapters(description, duration):
1583         if not description:
1584             return None
1585         chapter_lines = re.findall(
1586             r'(?:^|<br\s*/>)([^<]*<a[^>]+onclick=["\']yt\.www\.watch\.player\.seekTo[^>]+>(\d{1,2}:\d{1,2}(?::\d{1,2})?)</a>[^>]*)(?=$|<br\s*/>)',
1587             description)
1588         if not chapter_lines:
1589             return None
1590         chapters = []
1591         for next_num, (chapter_line, time_point) in enumerate(
1592                 chapter_lines, start=1):
1593             start_time = parse_duration(time_point)
1594             if start_time is None:
1595                 continue
1596             if start_time > duration:
1597                 break
1598             end_time = (duration if next_num == len(chapter_lines)
1599                         else parse_duration(chapter_lines[next_num][1]))
1600             if end_time is None:
1601                 continue
1602             if end_time > duration:
1603                 end_time = duration
1604             if start_time > end_time:
1605                 break
1606             chapter_title = re.sub(
1607                 r'<a[^>]+>[^<]+</a>', '', chapter_line).strip(' \t-')
1608             chapter_title = re.sub(r'\s+', ' ', chapter_title)
1609             chapters.append({
1610                 'start_time': start_time,
1611                 'end_time': end_time,
1612                 'title': chapter_title,
1613             })
1614         return chapters
1615
1616     def _real_extract(self, url):
1617         url, smuggled_data = unsmuggle_url(url, {})
1618
1619         proto = (
1620             'http' if self._downloader.params.get('prefer_insecure', False)
1621             else 'https')
1622
1623         start_time = None
1624         end_time = None
1625         parsed_url = compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(url)
1626         for component in [parsed_url.fragment, parsed_url.query]:
1627             query = compat_parse_qs(component)
1628             if start_time is None and 't' in query:
1629                 start_time = parse_duration(query['t'][0])
1630             if start_time is None and 'start' in query:
1631                 start_time = parse_duration(query['start'][0])
1632             if end_time is None and 'end' in query:
1633                 end_time = parse_duration(query['end'][0])
1634
1635         # Extract original video URL from URL with redirection, like age verification, using next_url parameter
1636         mobj = re.search(self._NEXT_URL_RE, url)
1637         if mobj:
1638             url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/' + compat_urllib_parse_unquote(mobj.group(1)).lstrip('/')
1639         video_id = self.extract_id(url)
1640
1641         # Get video webpage
1642         url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s&gl=US&hl=en&has_verified=1&bpctr=9999999999' % video_id
1643         video_webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
1644
1645         # Attempt to extract SWF player URL
1646         mobj = re.search(r'swfConfig.*?"(https?:\\/\\/.*?watch.*?-.*?\.swf)"', video_webpage)
1647         if mobj is not None:
1648             player_url = re.sub(r'\\(.)', r'\1', mobj.group(1))
1649         else:
1650             player_url = None
1651
1652         dash_mpds = []
1653
1654         def add_dash_mpd(video_info):
1655             dash_mpd = video_info.get('dashmpd')
1656             if dash_mpd and dash_mpd[0] not in dash_mpds:
1657                 dash_mpds.append(dash_mpd[0])
1658
1659         def add_dash_mpd_pr(pl_response):
1660             dash_mpd = url_or_none(try_get(
1661                 pl_response, lambda x: x['streamingData']['dashManifestUrl'],
1662                 compat_str))
1663             if dash_mpd and dash_mpd not in dash_mpds:
1664                 dash_mpds.append(dash_mpd)
1665
1666         is_live = None
1667         view_count = None
1668
1669         def extract_view_count(v_info):
1670             return int_or_none(try_get(v_info, lambda x: x['view_count'][0]))
1671
1672         def extract_token(v_info):
1673             return dict_get(v_info, ('account_playback_token', 'accountPlaybackToken', 'token'))
1674
1675         player_response = {}
1676
1677         # Get video info
1678         embed_webpage = None
1679         if re.search(r'player-age-gate-content">', video_webpage) is not None:
1680             age_gate = True
1681             # We simulate the access to the video from www.youtube.com/v/{video_id}
1682             # this can be viewed without login into Youtube
1683             url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/embed/%s' % video_id
1684             embed_webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id, 'Downloading embed webpage')
1685             data = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
1686                 'video_id': video_id,
1687                 'eurl': 'https://youtube.googleapis.com/v/' + video_id,
1688                 'sts': self._search_regex(
1689                     r'"sts"\s*:\s*(\d+)', embed_webpage, 'sts', default=''),
1690             })
1691             video_info_url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/get_video_info?' + data
1692             video_info_webpage = self._download_webpage(
1693                 video_info_url, video_id,
1694                 note='Refetching age-gated info webpage',
1695                 errnote='unable to download video info webpage')
1696             video_info = compat_parse_qs(video_info_webpage)
1697             add_dash_mpd(video_info)
1698         else:
1699             age_gate = False
1700             video_info = None
1701             sts = None
1702             # Try looking directly into the video webpage
1703             ytplayer_config = self._get_ytplayer_config(video_id, video_webpage)
1704             if ytplayer_config:
1705                 args = ytplayer_config['args']
1706                 if args.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map') or args.get('hlsvp'):
1707                     # Convert to the same format returned by compat_parse_qs
1708                     video_info = dict((k, [v]) for k, v in args.items())
1709                     add_dash_mpd(video_info)
1710                 # Rental video is not rented but preview is available (e.g.
1711                 # https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yYr8q0y5Jfg,
1712                 # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/10532)
1713                 if not video_info and args.get('ypc_vid'):
1714                     return self.url_result(
1715                         args['ypc_vid'], YoutubeIE.ie_key(), video_id=args['ypc_vid'])
1716                 if args.get('livestream') == '1' or args.get('live_playback') == 1:
1717                     is_live = True
1718                 sts = ytplayer_config.get('sts')
1719                 if not player_response:
1720                     pl_response = str_or_none(args.get('player_response'))
1721                     if pl_response:
1722                         pl_response = self._parse_json(pl_response, video_id, fatal=False)
1723                         if isinstance(pl_response, dict):
1724                             player_response = pl_response
1725             if not video_info or self._downloader.params.get('youtube_include_dash_manifest', True):
1726                 add_dash_mpd_pr(player_response)
1727                 # We also try looking in get_video_info since it may contain different dashmpd
1728                 # URL that points to a DASH manifest with possibly different itag set (some itags
1729                 # are missing from DASH manifest pointed by webpage's dashmpd, some - from DASH
1730                 # manifest pointed by get_video_info's dashmpd).
1731                 # The general idea is to take a union of itags of both DASH manifests (for example
1732                 # video with such 'manifest behavior' see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/6093)
1733                 self.report_video_info_webpage_download(video_id)
1734                 for el in ('embedded', 'detailpage', 'vevo', ''):
1735                     query = {
1736                         'video_id': video_id,
1737                         'ps': 'default',
1738                         'eurl': '',
1739                         'gl': 'US',
1740                         'hl': 'en',
1741                     }
1742                     if el:
1743                         query['el'] = el
1744                     if sts:
1745                         query['sts'] = sts
1746                     video_info_webpage = self._download_webpage(
1747                         '%s://www.youtube.com/get_video_info' % proto,
1748                         video_id, note=False,
1749                         errnote='unable to download video info webpage',
1750                         fatal=False, query=query)
1751                     if not video_info_webpage:
1752                         continue
1753                     get_video_info = compat_parse_qs(video_info_webpage)
1754                     if not player_response:
1755                         pl_response = get_video_info.get('player_response', [None])[0]
1756                         if isinstance(pl_response, dict):
1757                             player_response = pl_response
1758                             add_dash_mpd_pr(player_response)
1759                     add_dash_mpd(get_video_info)
1760                     if view_count is None:
1761                         view_count = extract_view_count(get_video_info)
1762                     if not video_info:
1763                         video_info = get_video_info
1764                     get_token = extract_token(get_video_info)
1765                     if get_token:
1766                         # Different get_video_info requests may report different results, e.g.
1767                         # some may report video unavailability, but some may serve it without
1768                         # any complaint (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7362,
1769                         # the original webpage as well as el=info and el=embedded get_video_info
1770                         # requests report video unavailability due to geo restriction while
1771                         # el=detailpage succeeds and returns valid data). This is probably
1772                         # due to YouTube measures against IP ranges of hosting providers.
1773                         # Working around by preferring the first succeeded video_info containing
1774                         # the token if no such video_info yet was found.
1775                         token = extract_token(video_info)
1776                         if not token:
1777                             video_info = get_video_info
1778                         break
1779
1780         def extract_unavailable_message():
1781             return self._html_search_regex(
1782                 r'(?s)<h1[^>]+id="unavailable-message"[^>]*>(.+?)</h1>',
1783                 video_webpage, 'unavailable message', default=None)
1784
1785         if not video_info:
1786             unavailable_message = extract_unavailable_message()
1787             if not unavailable_message:
1788                 unavailable_message = 'Unable to extract video data'
1789             raise ExtractorError(
1790                 'YouTube said: %s' % unavailable_message, expected=True, video_id=video_id)
1791
1792         if video_info.get('license_info'):
1793             raise ExtractorError('This video is DRM protected.', expected=True)
1794
1795         video_details = try_get(
1796             player_response, lambda x: x['videoDetails'], dict) or {}
1797
1798         # title
1799         if 'title' in video_info:
1800             video_title = video_info['title'][0]
1801         elif 'title' in player_response:
1802             video_title = video_details['title']
1803         else:
1804             self._downloader.report_warning('Unable to extract video title')
1805             video_title = '_'
1806
1807         # description
1808         description_original = video_description = get_element_by_id("eow-description", video_webpage)
1809         if video_description:
1810
1811             def replace_url(m):
1812                 redir_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin(url, m.group(1))
1813                 parsed_redir_url = compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(redir_url)
1814                 if re.search(r'^(?:www\.)?(?:youtube(?:-nocookie)?\.com|youtu\.be)$', parsed_redir_url.netloc) and parsed_redir_url.path == '/redirect':
1815                     qs = compat_parse_qs(parsed_redir_url.query)
1816                     q = qs.get('q')
1817                     if q and q[0]:
1818                         return q[0]
1819                 return redir_url
1820
1821             description_original = video_description = re.sub(r'''(?x)
1822                 <a\s+
1823                     (?:[a-zA-Z-]+="[^"]*"\s+)*?
1824                     (?:title|href)="([^"]+)"\s+
1825                     (?:[a-zA-Z-]+="[^"]*"\s+)*?
1826                     class="[^"]*"[^>]*>
1827                 [^<]+\.{3}\s*
1828                 </a>
1829             ''', replace_url, video_description)
1830             video_description = clean_html(video_description)
1831         else:
1832             fd_mobj = re.search(r'<meta name="description" content="([^"]+)"', video_webpage)
1833             if fd_mobj:
1834                 video_description = unescapeHTML(fd_mobj.group(1))
1835             else:
1836                 video_description = ''
1837
1838         if not smuggled_data.get('force_singlefeed', False):
1839             if not self._downloader.params.get('noplaylist'):
1840                 multifeed_metadata_list = try_get(
1841                     player_response,
1842                     lambda x: x['multicamera']['playerLegacyMulticameraRenderer']['metadataList'],
1843                     compat_str) or try_get(
1844                     video_info, lambda x: x['multifeed_metadata_list'][0], compat_str)
1845                 if multifeed_metadata_list:
1846                     entries = []
1847                     feed_ids = []
1848                     for feed in multifeed_metadata_list.split(','):
1849                         # Unquote should take place before split on comma (,) since textual
1850                         # fields may contain comma as well (see
1851                         # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8536)
1852                         feed_data = compat_parse_qs(compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(feed))
1853                         entries.append({
1854                             '_type': 'url_transparent',
1855                             'ie_key': 'Youtube',
1856                             'url': smuggle_url(
1857                                 '%s://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s' % (proto, feed_data['id'][0]),
1858                                 {'force_singlefeed': True}),
1859                             'title': '%s (%s)' % (video_title, feed_data['title'][0]),
1860                         })
1861                         feed_ids.append(feed_data['id'][0])
1862                     self.to_screen(
1863                         'Downloading multifeed video (%s) - add --no-playlist to just download video %s'
1864                         % (', '.join(feed_ids), video_id))
1865                     return self.playlist_result(entries, video_id, video_title, video_description)
1866             else:
1867                 self.to_screen('Downloading just video %s because of --no-playlist' % video_id)
1868
1869         if view_count is None:
1870             view_count = extract_view_count(video_info)
1871         if view_count is None and video_details:
1872             view_count = int_or_none(video_details.get('viewCount'))
1873
1874         # Check for "rental" videos
1875         if 'ypc_video_rental_bar_text' in video_info and 'author' not in video_info:
1876             raise ExtractorError('"rental" videos not supported. See https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/359 for more information.', expected=True)
1877
1878         def _extract_filesize(media_url):
1879             return int_or_none(self._search_regex(
1880                 r'\bclen[=/](\d+)', media_url, 'filesize', default=None))
1881
1882         if 'conn' in video_info and video_info['conn'][0].startswith('rtmp'):
1883             self.report_rtmp_download()
1884             formats = [{
1885                 'format_id': '_rtmp',
1886                 'protocol': 'rtmp',
1887                 'url': video_info['conn'][0],
1888                 'player_url': player_url,
1889             }]
1890         elif not is_live and (len(video_info.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map', [''])[0]) >= 1 or len(video_info.get('adaptive_fmts', [''])[0]) >= 1):
1891             encoded_url_map = video_info.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map', [''])[0] + ',' + video_info.get('adaptive_fmts', [''])[0]
1892             if 'rtmpe%3Dyes' in encoded_url_map:
1893                 raise ExtractorError('rtmpe downloads are not supported, see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/343 for more information.', expected=True)
1894             formats_spec = {}
1895             fmt_list = video_info.get('fmt_list', [''])[0]
1896             if fmt_list:
1897                 for fmt in fmt_list.split(','):
1898                     spec = fmt.split('/')
1899                     if len(spec) > 1:
1900                         width_height = spec[1].split('x')
1901                         if len(width_height) == 2:
1902                             formats_spec[spec[0]] = {
1903                                 'resolution': spec[1],
1904                                 'width': int_or_none(width_height[0]),
1905                                 'height': int_or_none(width_height[1]),
1906                             }
1907             q = qualities(['small', 'medium', 'hd720'])
1908             streaming_formats = try_get(player_response, lambda x: x['streamingData']['formats'], list)
1909             if streaming_formats:
1910                 for fmt in streaming_formats:
1911                     itag = str_or_none(fmt.get('itag'))
1912                     if not itag:
1913                         continue
1914                     quality = fmt.get('quality')
1915                     quality_label = fmt.get('qualityLabel') or quality
1916                     formats_spec[itag] = {
1917                         'asr': int_or_none(fmt.get('audioSampleRate')),
1918                         'filesize': int_or_none(fmt.get('contentLength')),
1919                         'format_note': quality_label,
1920                         'fps': int_or_none(fmt.get('fps')),
1921                         'height': int_or_none(fmt.get('height')),
1922                         'quality': q(quality),
1923                         # bitrate for itag 43 is always 2147483647
1924                         'tbr': float_or_none(fmt.get('averageBitrate') or fmt.get('bitrate'), 1000) if itag != '43' else None,
1925                         'width': int_or_none(fmt.get('width')),
1926                     }
1927             formats = []
1928             for url_data_str in encoded_url_map.split(','):
1929                 url_data = compat_parse_qs(url_data_str)
1930                 if 'itag' not in url_data or 'url' not in url_data:
1931                     continue
1932                 stream_type = int_or_none(try_get(url_data, lambda x: x['stream_type'][0]))
1933                 # Unsupported FORMAT_STREAM_TYPE_OTF
1934                 if stream_type == 3:
1935                     continue
1936                 format_id = url_data['itag'][0]
1937                 url = url_data['url'][0]
1938
1939                 if 's' in url_data or self._downloader.params.get('youtube_include_dash_manifest', True):
1940                     ASSETS_RE = r'"assets":.+?"js":\s*("[^"]+")'
1941                     jsplayer_url_json = self._search_regex(
1942                         ASSETS_RE,
1943                         embed_webpage if age_gate else video_webpage,
1944                         'JS player URL (1)', default=None)
1945                     if not jsplayer_url_json and not age_gate:
1946                         # We need the embed website after all
1947                         if embed_webpage is None:
1948                             embed_url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/embed/%s' % video_id
1949                             embed_webpage = self._download_webpage(
1950                                 embed_url, video_id, 'Downloading embed webpage')
1951                         jsplayer_url_json = self._search_regex(
1952                             ASSETS_RE, embed_webpage, 'JS player URL')
1953
1954                     player_url = json.loads(jsplayer_url_json)
1955                     if player_url is None:
1956                         player_url_json = self._search_regex(
1957                             r'ytplayer\.config.*?"url"\s*:\s*("[^"]+")',
1958                             video_webpage, 'age gate player URL')
1959                         player_url = json.loads(player_url_json)
1960
1961                 if 'sig' in url_data:
1962                     url += '&signature=' + url_data['sig'][0]
1963                 elif 's' in url_data:
1964                     encrypted_sig = url_data['s'][0]
1965
1966                     if self._downloader.params.get('verbose'):
1967                         if player_url is None:
1968                             player_version = 'unknown'
1969                             player_desc = 'unknown'
1970                         else:
1971                             if player_url.endswith('swf'):
1972                                 player_version = self._search_regex(
1973                                     r'-(.+?)(?:/watch_as3)?\.swf$', player_url,
1974                                     'flash player', fatal=False)
1975                                 player_desc = 'flash player %s' % player_version
1976                             else:
1977                                 player_version = self._search_regex(
1978                                     [r'html5player-([^/]+?)(?:/html5player(?:-new)?)?\.js',
1979                                      r'(?:www|player(?:_ias)?)-([^/]+)(?:/[a-z]{2,3}_[A-Z]{2})?/base\.js'],
1980                                     player_url,
1981                                     'html5 player', fatal=False)
1982                                 player_desc = 'html5 player %s' % player_version
1983
1984                         parts_sizes = self._signature_cache_id(encrypted_sig)
1985                         self.to_screen('{%s} signature length %s, %s' %
1986                                        (format_id, parts_sizes, player_desc))
1987
1988                     signature = self._decrypt_signature(
1989                         encrypted_sig, video_id, player_url, age_gate)
1990                     url += '&signature=' + signature
1991                 if 'ratebypass' not in url:
1992                     url += '&ratebypass=yes'
1993
1994                 dct = {
1995                     'format_id': format_id,
1996                     'url': url,
1997                     'player_url': player_url,
1998                 }
1999                 if format_id in self._formats:
2000                     dct.update(self._formats[format_id])
2001                 if format_id in formats_spec:
2002                     dct.update(formats_spec[format_id])
2003
2004                 # Some itags are not included in DASH manifest thus corresponding formats will
2005                 # lack metadata (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/5993).
2006                 # Trying to extract metadata from url_encoded_fmt_stream_map entry.
2007                 mobj = re.search(r'^(?P<width>\d+)[xX](?P<height>\d+)$', url_data.get('size', [''])[0])
2008                 width, height = (int(mobj.group('width')), int(mobj.group('height'))) if mobj else (None, None)
2009
2010                 filesize = int_or_none(url_data.get(
2011                     'clen', [None])[0]) or _extract_filesize(url)
2012
2013                 quality = url_data.get('quality', [None])[0]
2014
2015                 more_fields = {
2016                     'filesize': filesize,
2017                     'tbr': float_or_none(url_data.get('bitrate', [None])[0], 1000),
2018                     'width': width,
2019                     'height': height,
2020                     'fps': int_or_none(url_data.get('fps', [None])[0]),
2021                     'format_note': url_data.get('quality_label', [None])[0] or quality,
2022                     'quality': q(quality),
2023                 }
2024                 for key, value in more_fields.items():
2025                     if value:
2026                         dct[key] = value
2027                 type_ = url_data.get('type', [None])[0]
2028                 if type_:
2029                     type_split = type_.split(';')
2030                     kind_ext = type_split[0].split('/')
2031                     if len(kind_ext) == 2:
2032                         kind, _ = kind_ext
2033                         dct['ext'] = mimetype2ext(type_split[0])
2034                         if kind in ('audio', 'video'):
2035                             codecs = None
2036                             for mobj in re.finditer(
2037                                     r'(?P<key>[a-zA-Z_-]+)=(?P<quote>["\']?)(?P<val>.+?)(?P=quote)(?:;|$)', type_):
2038                                 if mobj.group('key') == 'codecs':
2039                                     codecs = mobj.group('val')
2040                                     break
2041                             if codecs:
2042                                 dct.update(parse_codecs(codecs))
2043                 if dct.get('acodec') == 'none' or dct.get('vcodec') == 'none':
2044                     dct['downloader_options'] = {
2045                         # Youtube throttles chunks >~10M
2046                         'http_chunk_size': 10485760,
2047                     }
2048                 formats.append(dct)
2049         else:
2050             manifest_url = (
2051                 url_or_none(try_get(
2052                     player_response,
2053                     lambda x: x['streamingData']['hlsManifestUrl'],
2054                     compat_str)) or
2055                 url_or_none(try_get(
2056                     video_info, lambda x: x['hlsvp'][0], compat_str)))
2057             if manifest_url:
2058                 formats = []
2059                 m3u8_formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
2060                     manifest_url, video_id, 'mp4', fatal=False)
2061                 for a_format in m3u8_formats:
2062                     itag = self._search_regex(
2063                         r'/itag/(\d+)/', a_format['url'], 'itag', default=None)
2064                     if itag:
2065                         a_format['format_id'] = itag
2066                         if itag in self._formats:
2067                             dct = self._formats[itag].copy()
2068                             dct.update(a_format)
2069                             a_format = dct
2070                     a_format['player_url'] = player_url
2071                     # Accept-Encoding header causes failures in live streams on Youtube and Youtube Gaming
2072                     a_format.setdefault('http_headers', {})['Youtubedl-no-compression'] = 'True'
2073                     formats.append(a_format)
2074             else:
2075                 error_message = clean_html(video_info.get('reason', [None])[0])
2076                 if not error_message:
2077                     error_message = extract_unavailable_message()
2078                 if error_message:
2079                     raise ExtractorError(error_message, expected=True)
2080                 raise ExtractorError('no conn, hlsvp, hlsManifestUrl or url_encoded_fmt_stream_map information found in video info')
2081
2082         # uploader
2083         video_uploader = try_get(
2084             video_info, lambda x: x['author'][0],
2085             compat_str) or str_or_none(video_details.get('author'))
2086         if video_uploader:
2087             video_uploader = compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(video_uploader)
2088         else:
2089             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to extract uploader name')
2090
2091         # uploader_id
2092         video_uploader_id = None
2093         video_uploader_url = None
2094         mobj = re.search(
2095             r'<link itemprop="url" href="(?P<uploader_url>https?://www\.youtube\.com/(?:user|channel)/(?P<uploader_id>[^"]+))">',
2096             video_webpage)
2097         if mobj is not None:
2098             video_uploader_id = mobj.group('uploader_id')
2099             video_uploader_url = mobj.group('uploader_url')
2100         else:
2101             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to extract uploader nickname')
2102
2103         channel_id = self._html_search_meta(
2104             'channelId', video_webpage, 'channel id')
2105         channel_url = 'http://www.youtube.com/channel/%s' % channel_id if channel_id else None
2106
2107         # thumbnail image
2108         # We try first to get a high quality image:
2109         m_thumb = re.search(r'<span itemprop="thumbnail".*?href="(.*?)">',
2110                             video_webpage, re.DOTALL)
2111         if m_thumb is not None:
2112             video_thumbnail = m_thumb.group(1)
2113         elif 'thumbnail_url' not in video_info:
2114             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to extract video thumbnail')
2115             video_thumbnail = None
2116         else:   # don't panic if we can't find it
2117             video_thumbnail = compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(video_info['thumbnail_url'][0])
2118
2119         # upload date
2120         upload_date = self._html_search_meta(
2121             'datePublished', video_webpage, 'upload date', default=None)
2122         if not upload_date:
2123             upload_date = self._search_regex(
2124                 [r'(?s)id="eow-date.*?>(.*?)</span>',
2125                  r'(?:id="watch-uploader-info".*?>.*?|["\']simpleText["\']\s*:\s*["\'])(?:Published|Uploaded|Streamed live|Started) on (.+?)[<"\']'],
2126                 video_webpage, 'upload date', default=None)
2127         upload_date = unified_strdate(upload_date)
2128
2129         video_license = self._html_search_regex(
2130             r'<h4[^>]+class="title"[^>]*>\s*License\s*</h4>\s*<ul[^>]*>\s*<li>(.+?)</li',
2131             video_webpage, 'license', default=None)
2132
2133         m_music = re.search(
2134             r'''(?x)
2135                 <h4[^>]+class="title"[^>]*>\s*Music\s*</h4>\s*
2136                 <ul[^>]*>\s*
2137                 <li>(?P<title>.+?)
2138                 by (?P<creator>.+?)
2139                 (?:
2140                     \(.+?\)|
2141                     <a[^>]*
2142                         (?:
2143                             \bhref=["\']/red[^>]*>|             # drop possible
2144                             >\s*Listen ad-free with YouTube Red # YouTube Red ad
2145                         )
2146                     .*?
2147                 )?</li
2148             ''',
2149             video_webpage)
2150         if m_music:
2151             video_alt_title = remove_quotes(unescapeHTML(m_music.group('title')))
2152             video_creator = clean_html(m_music.group('creator'))
2153         else:
2154             video_alt_title = video_creator = None
2155
2156         def extract_meta(field):
2157             return self._html_search_regex(
2158                 r'<h4[^>]+class="title"[^>]*>\s*%s\s*</h4>\s*<ul[^>]*>\s*<li>(.+?)</li>\s*' % field,
2159                 video_webpage, field, default=None)
2160
2161         track = extract_meta('Song')
2162         artist = extract_meta('Artist')
2163         album = extract_meta('Album')
2164
2165         # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
2166         release_date = release_year = None
2167         if video_description:
2168             mobj = re.search(r'(?s)Provided to YouTube by [^\n]+\n+(?P<track>[^·]+)·(?P<artist>[^\n]+)\n+(?P<album>[^\n]+)(?:.+?℗\s*(?P<release_year>\d{4})(?!\d))?(?:.+?Released on\s*:\s*(?P<release_date>\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}))?(.+?\nArtist\s*:\s*(?P<clean_artist>[^\n]+))?', video_description)
2169             if mobj:
2170                 if not track:
2171                     track = mobj.group('track').strip()
2172                 if not artist:
2173                     artist = mobj.group('clean_artist') or ', '.join(a.strip() for a in mobj.group('artist').split('·'))
2174                 if not album:
2175                     album = mobj.group('album'.strip())
2176                 release_year = mobj.group('release_year')
2177                 release_date = mobj.group('release_date')
2178                 if release_date:
2179                     release_date = release_date.replace('-', '')
2180                     if not release_year:
2181                         release_year = int(release_date[:4])
2182                 if release_year:
2183                     release_year = int(release_year)
2184
2185         m_episode = re.search(
2186             r'<div[^>]+id="watch7-headline"[^>]*>\s*<span[^>]*>.*?>(?P<series>[^<]+)</a></b>\s*S(?P<season>\d+)\s*•\s*E(?P<episode>\d+)</span>',
2187             video_webpage)
2188         if m_episode:
2189             series = unescapeHTML(m_episode.group('series'))
2190             season_number = int(m_episode.group('season'))
2191             episode_number = int(m_episode.group('episode'))
2192         else:
2193             series = season_number = episode_number = None
2194
2195         m_cat_container = self._search_regex(
2196             r'(?s)<h4[^>]*>\s*Category\s*</h4>\s*<ul[^>]*>(.*?)</ul>',
2197             video_webpage, 'categories', default=None)
2198         if m_cat_container:
2199             category = self._html_search_regex(
2200                 r'(?s)<a[^<]+>(.*?)</a>', m_cat_container, 'category',
2201                 default=None)
2202             video_categories = None if category is None else [category]
2203         else:
2204             video_categories = None
2205
2206         video_tags = [
2207             unescapeHTML(m.group('content'))
2208             for m in re.finditer(self._meta_regex('og:video:tag'), video_webpage)]
2209
2210         def _extract_count(count_name):
2211             return str_to_int(self._search_regex(
2212                 r'-%s-button[^>]+><span[^>]+class="yt-uix-button-content"[^>]*>([\d,]+)</span>'
2213                 % re.escape(count_name),
2214                 video_webpage, count_name, default=None))
2215
2216         like_count = _extract_count('like')
2217         dislike_count = _extract_count('dislike')
2218
2219         if view_count is None:
2220             view_count = str_to_int(self._search_regex(
2221                 r'<[^>]+class=["\']watch-view-count[^>]+>\s*([\d,\s]+)', video_webpage,
2222                 'view count', default=None))
2223
2224         # subtitles
2225         video_subtitles = self.extract_subtitles(video_id, video_webpage)
2226         automatic_captions = self.extract_automatic_captions(video_id, video_webpage)
2227
2228         video_duration = try_get(
2229             video_info, lambda x: int_or_none(x['length_seconds'][0]))
2230         if not video_duration:
2231             video_duration = int_or_none(video_details.get('lengthSeconds'))
2232         if not video_duration:
2233             video_duration = parse_duration(self._html_search_meta(
2234                 'duration', video_webpage, 'video duration'))
2235
2236         # annotations
2237         video_annotations = None
2238         if self._downloader.params.get('writeannotations', False):
2239             video_annotations = self._extract_annotations(video_id)
2240
2241         chapters = self._extract_chapters(description_original, video_duration)
2242
2243         # Look for the DASH manifest
2244         if self._downloader.params.get('youtube_include_dash_manifest', True):
2245             dash_mpd_fatal = True
2246             for mpd_url in dash_mpds:
2247                 dash_formats = {}
2248                 try:
2249                     def decrypt_sig(mobj):
2250                         s = mobj.group(1)
2251                         dec_s = self._decrypt_signature(s, video_id, player_url, age_gate)
2252                         return '/signature/%s' % dec_s
2253
2254                     mpd_url = re.sub(r'/s/([a-fA-F0-9\.]+)', decrypt_sig, mpd_url)
2255
2256                     for df in self._extract_mpd_formats(
2257                             mpd_url, video_id, fatal=dash_mpd_fatal,
2258                             formats_dict=self._formats):
2259                         if not df.get('filesize'):
2260                             df['filesize'] = _extract_filesize(df['url'])
2261                         # Do not overwrite DASH format found in some previous DASH manifest
2262                         if df['format_id'] not in dash_formats:
2263                             dash_formats[df['format_id']] = df
2264                         # Additional DASH manifests may end up in HTTP Error 403 therefore
2265                         # allow them to fail without bug report message if we already have
2266                         # some DASH manifest succeeded. This is temporary workaround to reduce
2267                         # burst of bug reports until we figure out the reason and whether it
2268                         # can be fixed at all.
2269                         dash_mpd_fatal = False
2270                 except (ExtractorError, KeyError) as e:
2271                     self.report_warning(
2272                         'Skipping DASH manifest: %r' % e, video_id)
2273                 if dash_formats:
2274                     # Remove the formats we found through non-DASH, they
2275                     # contain less info and it can be wrong, because we use
2276                     # fixed values (for example the resolution). See
2277                     # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/5774 for an
2278                     # example.
2279                     formats = [f for f in formats if f['format_id'] not in dash_formats.keys()]
2280                     formats.extend(dash_formats.values())
2281
2282         # Check for malformed aspect ratio
2283         stretched_m = re.search(
2284             r'<meta\s+property="og:video:tag".*?content="yt:stretch=(?P<w>[0-9]+):(?P<h>[0-9]+)">',
2285             video_webpage)
2286         if stretched_m:
2287             w = float(stretched_m.group('w'))
2288             h = float(stretched_m.group('h'))
2289             # yt:stretch may hold invalid ratio data (e.g. for Q39EVAstoRM ratio is 17:0).
2290             # We will only process correct ratios.
2291             if w > 0 and h > 0:
2292                 ratio = w / h
2293                 for f in formats:
2294                     if f.get('vcodec') != 'none':
2295                         f['stretched_ratio'] = ratio
2296
2297         if not formats:
2298             token = extract_token(video_info)
2299             if not token:
2300                 if 'reason' in video_info:
2301                     if 'The uploader has not made this video available in your country.' in video_info['reason']:
2302                         regions_allowed = self._html_search_meta(
2303                             'regionsAllowed', video_webpage, default=None)
2304                         countries = regions_allowed.split(',') if regions_allowed else None
2305                         self.raise_geo_restricted(
2306                             msg=video_info['reason'][0], countries=countries)
2307                     reason = video_info['reason'][0]
2308                     if 'Invalid parameters' in reason:
2309                         unavailable_message = extract_unavailable_message()
2310                         if unavailable_message:
2311                             reason = unavailable_message
2312                     raise ExtractorError(
2313                         'YouTube said: %s' % reason,
2314                         expected=True, video_id=video_id)
2315                 else:
2316                     raise ExtractorError(
2317                         '"token" parameter not in video info for unknown reason',
2318                         video_id=video_id)
2319
2320         self._sort_formats(formats)
2321
2322         self.mark_watched(video_id, video_info, player_response)
2323
2324         return {
2325             'id': video_id,
2326             'uploader': video_uploader,
2327             'uploader_id': video_uploader_id,
2328             'uploader_url': video_uploader_url,
2329             'channel_id': channel_id,
2330             'channel_url': channel_url,
2331             'upload_date': upload_date,
2332             'license': video_license,
2333             'creator': video_creator or artist,
2334             'title': video_title,
2335             'alt_title': video_alt_title or track,
2336             'thumbnail': video_thumbnail,
2337             'description': video_description,
2338             'categories': video_categories,
2339             'tags': video_tags,
2340             'subtitles': video_subtitles,
2341             'automatic_captions': automatic_captions,
2342             'duration': video_duration,
2343             'age_limit': 18 if age_gate else 0,
2344             'annotations': video_annotations,
2345             'chapters': chapters,
2346             'webpage_url': proto + '://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s' % video_id,
2347             'view_count': view_count,
2348             'like_count': like_count,
2349             'dislike_count': dislike_count,
2350             'average_rating': float_or_none(video_info.get('avg_rating', [None])[0]),
2351             'formats': formats,
2352             'is_live': is_live,
2353             'start_time': start_time,
2354             'end_time': end_time,
2355             'series': series,
2356             'season_number': season_number,
2357             'episode_number': episode_number,
2358             'track': track,
2359             'artist': artist,
2360             'album': album,
2361             'release_date': release_date,
2362             'release_year': release_year,
2363         }
2364
2365
2366 class YoutubePlaylistIE(YoutubePlaylistBaseInfoExtractor):
2367     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com playlists'
2368     _VALID_URL = r"""(?x)(?:
2369                         (?:https?://)?
2370                         (?:\w+\.)?
2371                         (?:
2372                             (?:
2373                                 youtube\.com|
2374                                 invidio\.us
2375                             )
2376                             /
2377                             (?:
2378                                (?:course|view_play_list|my_playlists|artist|playlist|watch|embed/(?:videoseries|[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}))
2379                                \? (?:.*?[&;])*? (?:p|a|list)=
2380                             |  p/
2381                             )|
2382                             youtu\.be/[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}\?.*?\blist=
2383                         )
2384                         (
2385                             (?:PL|LL|EC|UU|FL|RD|UL|TL|OLAK5uy_)?[0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,}
2386                             # Top tracks, they can also include dots
2387                             |(?:MC)[\w\.]*
2388                         )
2389                         .*
2390                      |
2391                         (%(playlist_id)s)
2392                      )""" % {'playlist_id': YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._PLAYLIST_ID_RE}
2393     _TEMPLATE_URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=%s'
2394     _VIDEO_RE = r'href="\s*/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})&amp;[^"]*?index=(?P<index>\d+)(?:[^>]+>(?P<title>[^<]+))?'
2395     IE_NAME = 'youtube:playlist'
2396     _TESTS = [{
2397         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re',
2398         'info_dict': {
2399             'title': 'ytdl test PL',
2400             'id': 'PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re',
2401         },
2402         'playlist_count': 3,
2403     }, {
2404         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLtPgu7CB4gbZDA7i_euNxn75ISqxwZPYx',
2405         'info_dict': {
2406             'id': 'PLtPgu7CB4gbZDA7i_euNxn75ISqxwZPYx',
2407             'title': 'YDL_Empty_List',
2408         },
2409         'playlist_count': 0,
2410         'skip': 'This playlist is private',
2411     }, {
2412         'note': 'Playlist with deleted videos (#651). As a bonus, the video #51 is also twice in this list.',
2413         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwP_SiAcdui0KVebT0mU9Apz359a4ubsC',
2414         'info_dict': {
2415             'title': '29C3: Not my department',
2416             'id': 'PLwP_SiAcdui0KVebT0mU9Apz359a4ubsC',
2417         },
2418         'playlist_count': 95,
2419     }, {
2420         'note': 'issue #673',
2421         'url': 'PLBB231211A4F62143',
2422         'info_dict': {
2423             'title': '[OLD]Team Fortress 2 (Class-based LP)',
2424             'id': 'PLBB231211A4F62143',
2425         },
2426         'playlist_mincount': 26,
2427     }, {
2428         'note': 'Large playlist',
2429         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUBABnxM4Ar9ten8Mdjj1j0Q',
2430         'info_dict': {
2431             'title': 'Uploads from Cauchemar',
2432             'id': 'UUBABnxM4Ar9ten8Mdjj1j0Q',
2433         },
2434         'playlist_mincount': 799,
2435     }, {
2436         'url': 'PLtPgu7CB4gbY9oDN3drwC3cMbJggS7dKl',
2437         'info_dict': {
2438             'title': 'YDL_safe_search',
2439             'id': 'PLtPgu7CB4gbY9oDN3drwC3cMbJggS7dKl',
2440         },
2441         'playlist_count': 2,
2442         'skip': 'This playlist is private',
2443     }, {
2444         'note': 'embedded',
2445         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/embed/videoseries?list=PL6IaIsEjSbf96XFRuNccS_RuEXwNdsoEu',
2446         'playlist_count': 4,
2447         'info_dict': {
2448             'title': 'JODA15',
2449             'id': 'PL6IaIsEjSbf96XFRuNccS_RuEXwNdsoEu',
2450         }
2451     }, {
2452         'url': 'http://www.youtube.com/embed/_xDOZElKyNU?list=PLsyOSbh5bs16vubvKePAQ1x3PhKavfBIl',
2453         'playlist_mincount': 485,
2454         'info_dict': {
2455             'title': '2017 華語最新單曲 (2/24更新)',
2456             'id': 'PLsyOSbh5bs16vubvKePAQ1x3PhKavfBIl',
2457         }
2458     }, {
2459         'note': 'Embedded SWF player',
2460         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/p/YN5VISEtHet5D4NEvfTd0zcgFk84NqFZ?hl=en_US&fs=1&rel=0',
2461         'playlist_count': 4,
2462         'info_dict': {
2463             'title': 'JODA7',
2464             'id': 'YN5VISEtHet5D4NEvfTd0zcgFk84NqFZ',
2465         }
2466     }, {
2467         'note': 'Buggy playlist: the webpage has a "Load more" button but it doesn\'t have more videos',
2468         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUXw-G3eDE9trcvY2sBMM_aA',
2469         'info_dict': {
2470             'title': 'Uploads from Interstellar Movie',
2471             'id': 'UUXw-G3eDE9trcvY2sBMM_aA',
2472         },
2473         'playlist_mincount': 21,
2474     }, {
2475         # Playlist URL that does not actually serve a playlist
2476         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqZTN594JQw&list=PLMYEtVRpaqY00V9W81Cwmzp6N6vZqfUKD4',
2477         'info_dict': {
2478             'id': 'FqZTN594JQw',
2479             'ext': 'webm',
2480             'title': "Smiley's People 01 detective, Adventure Series, Action",
2481             'uploader': 'STREEM',
2482             'uploader_id': 'UCyPhqAZgwYWZfxElWVbVJng',
2483             'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCyPhqAZgwYWZfxElWVbVJng',
2484             'upload_date': '20150526',
2485             'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
2486             'description': 'md5:507cdcb5a49ac0da37a920ece610be80',
2487             'categories': ['People & Blogs'],
2488             'tags': list,
2489             'view_count': int,
2490             'like_count': int,
2491             'dislike_count': int,
2492         },
2493         'params': {
2494             'skip_download': True,
2495         },
2496         'add_ie': [YoutubeIE.ie_key()],
2497     }, {
2498         'url': 'https://youtu.be/yeWKywCrFtk?list=PL2qgrgXsNUG5ig9cat4ohreBjYLAPC0J5',
2499         'info_dict': {
2500             'id': 'yeWKywCrFtk',
2501             'ext': 'mp4',
2502             'title': 'Small Scale Baler and Braiding Rugs',
2503             'uploader': 'Backus-Page House Museum',
2504             'uploader_id': 'backuspagemuseum',
2505             'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/backuspagemuseum',
2506             'upload_date': '20161008',
2507             'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
2508             'description': 'md5:800c0c78d5eb128500bffd4f0b4f2e8a',
2509             'categories': ['Nonprofits & Activism'],
2510             'tags': list,
2511             'like_count': int,
2512             'dislike_count': int,
2513         },
2514         'params': {
2515             'noplaylist': True,
2516             'skip_download': True,
2517         },
2518     }, {
2519         'url': 'https://youtu.be/uWyaPkt-VOI?list=PL9D9FC436B881BA21',
2520         'only_matching': True,
2521     }, {
2522         'url': 'TLGGrESM50VT6acwMjAyMjAxNw',
2523         'only_matching': True,
2524     }, {
2525         # music album playlist
2526         'url': 'OLAK5uy_m4xAFdmMC5rX3Ji3g93pQe3hqLZw_9LhM',
2527         'only_matching': True,
2528     }, {
2529         'url': 'https://invidio.us/playlist?list=PLDIoUOhQQPlXr63I_vwF9GD8sAKh77dWU',
2530         'only_matching': True,
2531     }]
2532
2533     def _real_initialize(self):
2534         self._login()
2535
2536     def _extract_mix(self, playlist_id):
2537         # The mixes are generated from a single video
2538         # the id of the playlist is just 'RD' + video_id
2539         ids = []
2540         last_id = playlist_id[-11:]
2541         for n in itertools.count(1):
2542             url = 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=%s&list=%s' % (last_id, playlist_id)
2543             webpage = self._download_webpage(
2544                 url, playlist_id, 'Downloading page {0} of Youtube mix'.format(n))
2545             new_ids = orderedSet(re.findall(
2546                 r'''(?xs)data-video-username=".*?".*?
2547                            href="/watch\?v=([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})&amp;[^"]*?list=%s''' % re.escape(playlist_id),
2548                 webpage))
2549             # Fetch new pages until all the videos are repeated, it seems that
2550             # there are always 51 unique videos.
2551             new_ids = [_id for _id in new_ids if _id not in ids]
2552             if not new_ids:
2553                 break
2554             ids.extend(new_ids)
2555             last_id = ids[-1]
2556
2557         url_results = self._ids_to_results(ids)
2558
2559         search_title = lambda class_name: get_element_by_attribute('class', class_name, webpage)
2560         title_span = (
2561             search_title('playlist-title') or
2562             search_title('title long-title') or
2563             search_title('title'))
2564         title = clean_html(title_span)
2565
2566         return self.playlist_result(url_results, playlist_id, title)
2567
2568     def _extract_playlist(self, playlist_id):
2569         url = self._TEMPLATE_URL % playlist_id
2570         page = self._download_webpage(url, playlist_id)
2571
2572         # the yt-alert-message now has tabindex attribute (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/11604)
2573         for match in re.findall(r'<div class="yt-alert-message"[^>]*>([^<]+)</div>', page):
2574             match = match.strip()
2575             # Check if the playlist exists or is private
2576             mobj = re.match(r'[^<]*(?:The|This) playlist (?P<reason>does not exist|is private)[^<]*', match)
2577             if mobj:
2578                 reason = mobj.group('reason')
2579                 message = 'This playlist %s' % reason
2580                 if 'private' in reason:
2581                     message += ', use --username or --netrc to access it'
2582                 message += '.'
2583                 raise ExtractorError(message, expected=True)
2584             elif re.match(r'[^<]*Invalid parameters[^<]*', match):
2585                 raise ExtractorError(
2586                     'Invalid parameters. Maybe URL is incorrect.',
2587                     expected=True)
2588             elif re.match(r'[^<]*Choose your language[^<]*', match):
2589                 continue
2590             else:
2591                 self.report_warning('Youtube gives an alert message: ' + match)
2592
2593         playlist_title = self._html_search_regex(
2594             r'(?s)<h1 class="pl-header-title[^"]*"[^>]*>\s*(.*?)\s*</h1>',
2595             page, 'title', default=None)
2596
2597         _UPLOADER_BASE = r'class=["\']pl-header-details[^>]+>\s*<li>\s*<a[^>]+\bhref='
2598         uploader = self._search_regex(
2599             r'%s["\']/(?:user|channel)/[^>]+>([^<]+)' % _UPLOADER_BASE,
2600             page, 'uploader', default=None)
2601         mobj = re.search(
2602             r'%s(["\'])(?P<path>/(?:user|channel)/(?P<uploader_id>.+?))\1' % _UPLOADER_BASE,
2603             page)
2604         if mobj:
2605             uploader_id = mobj.group('uploader_id')
2606             uploader_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin(url, mobj.group('path'))
2607         else:
2608             uploader_id = uploader_url = None
2609
2610         has_videos = True
2611
2612         if not playlist_title:
2613             try:
2614                 # Some playlist URLs don't actually serve a playlist (e.g.
2615                 # https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqZTN594JQw&list=PLMYEtVRpaqY00V9W81Cwmzp6N6vZqfUKD4)
2616                 next(self._entries(page, playlist_id))
2617             except StopIteration:
2618                 has_videos = False
2619
2620         playlist = self.playlist_result(
2621             self._entries(page, playlist_id), playlist_id, playlist_title)
2622         playlist.update({
2623             'uploader': uploader,
2624             'uploader_id': uploader_id,
2625             'uploader_url': uploader_url,
2626         })
2627
2628         return has_videos, playlist
2629
2630     def _check_download_just_video(self, url, playlist_id):
2631         # Check if it's a video-specific URL
2632         query_dict = compat_urlparse.parse_qs(compat_urlparse.urlparse(url).query)
2633         video_id = query_dict.get('v', [None])[0] or self._search_regex(
2634             r'(?:(?:^|//)youtu\.be/|youtube\.com/embed/(?!videoseries))([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})', url,
2635             'video id', default=None)
2636         if video_id:
2637             if self._downloader.params.get('noplaylist'):
2638                 self.to_screen('Downloading just video %s because of --no-playlist' % video_id)
2639                 return video_id, self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id)
2640             else:
2641                 self.to_screen('Downloading playlist %s - add --no-playlist to just download video %s' % (playlist_id, video_id))
2642                 return video_id, None
2643         return None, None
2644
2645     def _real_extract(self, url):
2646         # Extract playlist id
2647         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
2648         if mobj is None:
2649             raise ExtractorError('Invalid URL: %s' % url)
2650         playlist_id = mobj.group(1) or mobj.group(2)
2651
2652         video_id, video = self._check_download_just_video(url, playlist_id)
2653         if video:
2654             return video
2655
2656         if playlist_id.startswith(('RD', 'UL', 'PU')):
2657             # Mixes require a custom extraction process
2658             return self._extract_mix(playlist_id)
2659
2660         has_videos, playlist = self._extract_playlist(playlist_id)
2661         if has_videos or not video_id:
2662             return playlist
2663
2664         # Some playlist URLs don't actually serve a playlist (see
2665         # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/10537).
2666         # Fallback to plain video extraction if there is a video id
2667         # along with playlist id.
2668         return self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id)
2669
2670
2671 class YoutubeChannelIE(YoutubePlaylistBaseInfoExtractor):
2672     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com channels'
2673     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:youtu\.be|(?:\w+\.)?youtube(?:-nocookie)?\.com|(?:www\.)?invidio\.us)/channel/(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]+)'
2674     _TEMPLATE_URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/%s/videos'
2675     _VIDEO_RE = r'(?:title="(?P<title>[^"]+)"[^>]+)?href="/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]+)&?'
2676     IE_NAME = 'youtube:channel'
2677     _TESTS = [{
2678         'note': 'paginated channel',
2679         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
2680         'playlist_mincount': 91,
2681         'info_dict': {
2682             'id': 'UUKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
2683             'title': 'Uploads from lex will',
2684         }
2685     }, {
2686         'note': 'Age restricted channel',
2687         # from https://www.youtube.com/user/DeusExOfficial
2688         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCs0ifCMCm1icqRbqhUINa0w',
2689         'playlist_mincount': 64,
2690         'info_dict': {
2691             'id': 'UUs0ifCMCm1icqRbqhUINa0w',
2692             'title': 'Uploads from Deus Ex',
2693         },
2694     }, {
2695         'url': 'https://invidio.us/channel/UC23qupoDRn9YOAVzeoxjOQA',
2696         'only_matching': True,
2697     }]
2698
2699     @classmethod
2700     def suitable(cls, url):
2701         return (False if YoutubePlaylistsIE.suitable(url) or YoutubeLiveIE.suitable(url)
2702                 else super(YoutubeChannelIE, cls).suitable(url))
2703
2704     def _build_template_url(self, url, channel_id):
2705         return self._TEMPLATE_URL % channel_id
2706
2707     def _real_extract(self, url):
2708         channel_id = self._match_id(url)
2709
2710         url = self._build_template_url(url, channel_id)
2711
2712         # Channel by page listing is restricted to 35 pages of 30 items, i.e. 1050 videos total (see #5778)
2713         # Workaround by extracting as a playlist if managed to obtain channel playlist URL
2714         # otherwise fallback on channel by page extraction
2715         channel_page = self._download_webpage(
2716             url + '?view=57', channel_id,
2717             'Downloading channel page', fatal=False)
2718         if channel_page is False:
2719             channel_playlist_id = False
2720         else:
2721             channel_playlist_id = self._html_search_meta(
2722                 'channelId', channel_page, 'channel id', default=None)
2723             if not channel_playlist_id:
2724                 channel_url = self._html_search_meta(
2725                     ('al:ios:url', 'twitter:app:url:iphone', 'twitter:app:url:ipad'),
2726                     channel_page, 'channel url', default=None)
2727                 if channel_url:
2728                     channel_playlist_id = self._search_regex(
2729                         r'vnd\.youtube://user/([0-9A-Za-z_-]+)',
2730                         channel_url, 'channel id', default=None)
2731         if channel_playlist_id and channel_playlist_id.startswith('UC'):
2732             playlist_id = 'UU' + channel_playlist_id[2:]
2733             return self.url_result(
2734                 compat_urlparse.urljoin(url, '/playlist?list=%s' % playlist_id), 'YoutubePlaylist')
2735
2736         channel_page = self._download_webpage(url, channel_id, 'Downloading page #1')
2737         autogenerated = re.search(r'''(?x)
2738                 class="[^"]*?(?:
2739                     channel-header-autogenerated-label|
2740                     yt-channel-title-autogenerated
2741                 )[^"]*"''', channel_page) is not None
2742
2743         if autogenerated:
2744             # The videos are contained in a single page
2745             # the ajax pages can't be used, they are empty
2746             entries = [
2747                 self.url_result(
2748                     video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id,
2749                     video_title=video_title)
2750                 for video_id, video_title in self.extract_videos_from_page(channel_page)]
2751             return self.playlist_result(entries, channel_id)
2752
2753         try:
2754             next(self._entries(channel_page, channel_id))
2755         except StopIteration:
2756             alert_message = self._html_search_regex(
2757                 r'(?s)<div[^>]+class=(["\']).*?\byt-alert-message\b.*?\1[^>]*>(?P<alert>[^<]+)</div>',
2758                 channel_page, 'alert', default=None, group='alert')
2759             if alert_message:
2760                 raise ExtractorError('Youtube said: %s' % alert_message, expected=True)
2761
2762         return self.playlist_result(self._entries(channel_page, channel_id), channel_id)
2763
2764
2765 class YoutubeUserIE(YoutubeChannelIE):
2766     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com user videos (URL or "ytuser" keyword)'
2767     _VALID_URL = r'(?:(?:https?://(?:\w+\.)?youtube\.com/(?:(?P<user>user|c)/)?(?!(?:attribution_link|watch|results|shared)(?:$|[^a-z_A-Z0-9-])))|ytuser:)(?!feed/)(?P<id>[A-Za-z0-9_-]+)'
2768     _TEMPLATE_URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/%s/%s/videos'
2769     IE_NAME = 'youtube:user'
2770
2771     _TESTS = [{
2772         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/TheLinuxFoundation',
2773         'playlist_mincount': 320,
2774         'info_dict': {
2775             'id': 'UUfX55Sx5hEFjoC3cNs6mCUQ',
2776             'title': 'Uploads from The Linux Foundation',
2777         }
2778     }, {
2779         # Only available via https://www.youtube.com/c/12minuteathlete/videos
2780         # but not https://www.youtube.com/user/12minuteathlete/videos
2781         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/12minuteathlete/videos',
2782         'playlist_mincount': 249,
2783         'info_dict': {
2784             'id': 'UUVjM-zV6_opMDx7WYxnjZiQ',
2785             'title': 'Uploads from 12 Minute Athlete',
2786         }
2787     }, {
2788         'url': 'ytuser:phihag',
2789         'only_matching': True,
2790     }, {
2791         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/gametrailers',
2792         'only_matching': True,
2793     }, {
2794         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/gametrailers',
2795         'only_matching': True,
2796     }, {
2797         # This channel is not available, geo restricted to JP
2798         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/kananishinoSMEJ/videos',
2799         'only_matching': True,
2800     }]
2801
2802     @classmethod
2803     def suitable(cls, url):
2804         # Don't return True if the url can be extracted with other youtube
2805         # extractor, the regex would is too permissive and it would match.
2806         other_yt_ies = iter(klass for (name, klass) in globals().items() if name.startswith('Youtube') and name.endswith('IE') and klass is not cls)
2807         if any(ie.suitable(url) for ie in other_yt_ies):
2808             return False
2809         else:
2810             return super(YoutubeUserIE, cls).suitable(url)
2811
2812     def _build_template_url(self, url, channel_id):
2813         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
2814         return self._TEMPLATE_URL % (mobj.group('user') or 'user', mobj.group('id'))
2815
2816
2817 class YoutubeLiveIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
2818     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com live streams'
2819     _VALID_URL = r'(?P<base_url>https?://(?:\w+\.)?youtube\.com/(?:(?:user|channel|c)/)?(?P<id>[^/]+))/live'
2820     IE_NAME = 'youtube:live'
2821
2822     _TESTS = [{
2823         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/TheYoungTurks/live',
2824         'info_dict': {
2825             'id': 'a48o2S1cPoo',
2826             'ext': 'mp4',
2827             'title': 'The Young Turks - Live Main Show',
2828             'uploader': 'The Young Turks',
2829             'uploader_id': 'TheYoungTurks',
2830             'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/TheYoungTurks',
2831             'upload_date': '20150715',
2832             'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
2833             'description': 'md5:438179573adcdff3c97ebb1ee632b891',
2834             'categories': ['News & Politics'],
2835             'tags': ['Cenk Uygur (TV Program Creator)', 'The Young Turks (Award-Winning Work)', 'Talk Show (TV Genre)'],
2836             'like_count': int,
2837             'dislike_count': int,
2838         },
2839         'params': {
2840             'skip_download': True,
2841         },
2842     }, {
2843         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1yBKRuGpC1tSM73A0ZjYjQ/live',
2844         'only_matching': True,
2845     }, {
2846         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/CommanderVideoHq/live',
2847         'only_matching': True,
2848     }, {
2849         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/TheYoungTurks/live',
2850         'only_matching': True,
2851     }]
2852
2853     def _real_extract(self, url):
2854         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
2855         channel_id = mobj.group('id')
2856         base_url = mobj.group('base_url')
2857         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, channel_id, fatal=False)
2858         if webpage:
2859             page_type = self._og_search_property(
2860                 'type', webpage, 'page type', default='')
2861             video_id = self._html_search_meta(
2862                 'videoId', webpage, 'video id', default=None)
2863             if page_type.startswith('video') and video_id and re.match(
2864                     r'^[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}$', video_id):
2865                 return self.url_result(video_id, YoutubeIE.ie_key())
2866         return self.url_result(base_url)
2867
2868
2869 class YoutubePlaylistsIE(YoutubePlaylistsBaseInfoExtractor):
2870     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com user/channel playlists'
2871     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:\w+\.)?youtube\.com/(?:user|channel)/(?P<id>[^/]+)/playlists'
2872     IE_NAME = 'youtube:playlists'
2873
2874     _TESTS = [{
2875         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/ThirstForScience/playlists',
2876         'playlist_mincount': 4,
2877         'info_dict': {
2878             'id': 'ThirstForScience',
2879             'title': 'Thirst for Science',
2880         },
2881     }, {
2882         # with "Load more" button
2883         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/igorkle1/playlists?view=1&sort=dd',
2884         'playlist_mincount': 70,
2885         'info_dict': {
2886             'id': 'igorkle1',
2887             'title': 'Игорь Клейнер',
2888         },
2889     }, {
2890         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCiU1dHvZObB2iP6xkJ__Icw/playlists',
2891         'playlist_mincount': 17,
2892         'info_dict': {
2893             'id': 'UCiU1dHvZObB2iP6xkJ__Icw',
2894             'title': 'Chem Player',
2895         },
2896     }]
2897
2898
2899 class YoutubeSearchBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubePlaylistBaseInfoExtractor):
2900     _VIDEO_RE = r'href="\s*/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})(?:[^"]*"[^>]+\btitle="(?P<title>[^"]+))?'
2901
2902
2903 class YoutubeSearchIE(SearchInfoExtractor, YoutubeSearchBaseInfoExtractor):
2904     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com searches'
2905     # there doesn't appear to be a real limit, for example if you search for
2906     # 'python' you get more than 8.000.000 results
2907     _MAX_RESULTS = float('inf')
2908     IE_NAME = 'youtube:search'
2909     _SEARCH_KEY = 'ytsearch'
2910     _EXTRA_QUERY_ARGS = {}
2911     _TESTS = []
2912
2913     def _get_n_results(self, query, n):
2914         """Get a specified number of results for a query"""
2915
2916         videos = []
2917         limit = n
2918
2919         url_query = {
2920             'search_query': query.encode('utf-8'),
2921         }
2922         url_query.update(self._EXTRA_QUERY_ARGS)
2923         result_url = 'https://www.youtube.com/results?' + compat_urllib_parse_urlencode(url_query)
2924
2925         for pagenum in itertools.count(1):
2926             data = self._download_json(
2927                 result_url, video_id='query "%s"' % query,
2928                 note='Downloading page %s' % pagenum,
2929                 errnote='Unable to download API page',
2930                 query={'spf': 'navigate'})
2931             html_content = data[1]['body']['content']
2932
2933             if 'class="search-message' in html_content:
2934                 raise ExtractorError(
2935                     '[youtube] No video results', expected=True)
2936
2937             new_videos = list(self._process_page(html_content))
2938             videos += new_videos
2939             if not new_videos or len(videos) > limit:
2940                 break
2941             next_link = self._html_search_regex(
2942                 r'href="(/results\?[^"]*\bsp=[^"]+)"[^>]*>\s*<span[^>]+class="[^"]*\byt-uix-button-content\b[^"]*"[^>]*>Next',
2943                 html_content, 'next link', default=None)
2944             if next_link is None:
2945                 break
2946             result_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin('https://www.youtube.com/', next_link)
2947
2948         if len(videos) > n:
2949             videos = videos[:n]
2950         return self.playlist_result(videos, query)
2951
2952
2953 class YoutubeSearchDateIE(YoutubeSearchIE):
2954     IE_NAME = YoutubeSearchIE.IE_NAME + ':date'
2955     _SEARCH_KEY = 'ytsearchdate'
2956     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com searches, newest videos first'
2957     _EXTRA_QUERY_ARGS = {'search_sort': 'video_date_uploaded'}
2958
2959
2960 class YoutubeSearchURLIE(YoutubeSearchBaseInfoExtractor):
2961     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com search URLs'
2962     IE_NAME = 'youtube:search_url'
2963     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/results\?(.*?&)?(?:search_query|q)=(?P<query>[^&]+)(?:[&]|$)'
2964     _TESTS = [{
2965         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/results?baz=bar&search_query=youtube-dl+test+video&filters=video&lclk=video',
2966         'playlist_mincount': 5,
2967         'info_dict': {
2968             'title': 'youtube-dl test video',
2969         }
2970     }, {
2971         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/results?q=test&sp=EgQIBBgB',
2972         'only_matching': True,
2973     }]
2974
2975     def _real_extract(self, url):
2976         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
2977         query = compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(mobj.group('query'))
2978         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, query)
2979         return self.playlist_result(self._process_page(webpage), playlist_title=query)
2980
2981
2982 class YoutubeShowIE(YoutubePlaylistsBaseInfoExtractor):
2983     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com (multi-season) shows'
2984     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/show/(?P<id>[^?#]*)'
2985     IE_NAME = 'youtube:show'
2986     _TESTS = [{
2987         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/show/airdisasters',
2988         'playlist_mincount': 5,
2989         'info_dict': {
2990             'id': 'airdisasters',
2991             'title': 'Air Disasters',
2992         }
2993     }]
2994
2995     def _real_extract(self, url):
2996         playlist_id = self._match_id(url)
2997         return super(YoutubeShowIE, self)._real_extract(
2998             'https://www.youtube.com/show/%s/playlists' % playlist_id)
2999
3000
3001 class YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
3002     """
3003     Base class for feed extractors
3004     Subclasses must define the _FEED_NAME and _PLAYLIST_TITLE properties.
3005     """
3006     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = True
3007
3008     @property
3009     def IE_NAME(self):
3010         return 'youtube:%s' % self._FEED_NAME
3011
3012     def _real_initialize(self):
3013         self._login()
3014
3015     def _entries(self, page):
3016         # The extraction process is the same as for playlists, but the regex
3017         # for the video ids doesn't contain an index
3018         ids = []
3019         more_widget_html = content_html = page
3020         for page_num in itertools.count(1):
3021             matches = re.findall(r'href="\s*/watch\?v=([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})', content_html)
3022
3023             # 'recommended' feed has infinite 'load more' and each new portion spins
3024             # the same videos in (sometimes) slightly different order, so we'll check
3025             # for unicity and break when portion has no new videos
3026             new_ids = list(filter(lambda video_id: video_id not in ids, orderedSet(matches)))
3027             if not new_ids:
3028                 break
3029
3030             ids.extend(new_ids)
3031
3032             for entry in self._ids_to_results(new_ids):
3033                 yield entry
3034
3035             mobj = re.search(r'data-uix-load-more-href="/?(?P<more>[^"]+)"', more_widget_html)
3036             if not mobj:
3037                 break
3038
3039             more = self._download_json(
3040                 'https://youtube.com/%s' % mobj.group('more'), self._PLAYLIST_TITLE,
3041                 'Downloading page #%s' % page_num,
3042                 transform_source=uppercase_escape)
3043             content_html = more['content_html']
3044             more_widget_html = more['load_more_widget_html']
3045
3046     def _real_extract(self, url):
3047         page = self._download_webpage(
3048             'https://www.youtube.com/feed/%s' % self._FEED_NAME,
3049             self._PLAYLIST_TITLE)
3050         return self.playlist_result(
3051             self._entries(page), playlist_title=self._PLAYLIST_TITLE)
3052
3053
3054 class YoutubeWatchLaterIE(YoutubePlaylistIE):
3055     IE_NAME = 'youtube:watchlater'
3056     IE_DESC = 'Youtube watch later list, ":ytwatchlater" for short (requires authentication)'
3057     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/(?:feed/watch_later|(?:playlist|watch)\?(?:.+&)?list=WL)|:ytwatchlater'
3058
3059     _TESTS = [{
3060         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=WL',
3061         'only_matching': True,
3062     }, {
3063         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bCNU9TrbiRk&index=1&list=WL',
3064         'only_matching': True,
3065     }]
3066
3067     def _real_extract(self, url):
3068         _, video = self._check_download_just_video(url, 'WL')
3069         if video:
3070             return video
3071         _, playlist = self._extract_playlist('WL')
3072         return playlist
3073
3074
3075 class YoutubeFavouritesIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
3076     IE_NAME = 'youtube:favorites'
3077     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com favourite videos, ":ytfav" for short (requires authentication)'
3078     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/my_favorites|:ytfav(?:ou?rites)?'
3079     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = True
3080
3081     def _real_extract(self, url):
3082         webpage = self._download_webpage('https://www.youtube.com/my_favorites', 'Youtube Favourites videos')
3083         playlist_id = self._search_regex(r'list=(.+?)["&]', webpage, 'favourites playlist id')
3084         return self.url_result(playlist_id, 'YoutubePlaylist')
3085
3086
3087 class YoutubeRecommendedIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
3088     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com recommended videos, ":ytrec" for short (requires authentication)'
3089     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/feed/recommended|:ytrec(?:ommended)?'
3090     _FEED_NAME = 'recommended'
3091     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = 'Youtube Recommended videos'
3092
3093
3094 class YoutubeSubscriptionsIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
3095     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com subscriptions feed, "ytsubs" keyword (requires authentication)'
3096     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/feed/subscriptions|:ytsubs(?:criptions)?'
3097     _FEED_NAME = 'subscriptions'
3098     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = 'Youtube Subscriptions'
3099
3100
3101 class YoutubeHistoryIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
3102     IE_DESC = 'Youtube watch history, ":ythistory" for short (requires authentication)'
3103     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/feed/history|:ythistory'
3104     _FEED_NAME = 'history'
3105     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = 'Youtube History'
3106
3107
3108 class YoutubeTruncatedURLIE(InfoExtractor):
3109     IE_NAME = 'youtube:truncated_url'
3110     IE_DESC = False  # Do not list
3111     _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
3112         (?:https?://)?
3113         (?:\w+\.)?[yY][oO][uU][tT][uU][bB][eE](?:-nocookie)?\.com/
3114         (?:watch\?(?:
3115             feature=[a-z_]+|
3116             annotation_id=annotation_[^&]+|
3117             x-yt-cl=[0-9]+|
3118             hl=[^&]*|
3119             t=[0-9]+
3120         )?
3121         |
3122             attribution_link\?a=[^&]+
3123         )
3124         $
3125     '''
3126
3127     _TESTS = [{
3128         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?annotation_id=annotation_3951667041',
3129         'only_matching': True,
3130     }, {
3131         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?',
3132         'only_matching': True,
3133     }, {
3134         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?x-yt-cl=84503534',
3135         'only_matching': True,
3136     }, {
3137         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=foo',
3138         'only_matching': True,
3139     }, {
3140         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?hl=en-GB',
3141         'only_matching': True,
3142     }, {
3143         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=2372',
3144         'only_matching': True,
3145     }]
3146
3147     def _real_extract(self, url):
3148         raise ExtractorError(
3149             'Did you forget to quote the URL? Remember that & is a meta '
3150             'character in most shells, so you want to put the URL in quotes, '
3151             'like  youtube-dl '
3152             '"https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=foo&v=BaW_jenozKc" '
3153             ' or simply  youtube-dl BaW_jenozKc  .',
3154             expected=True)
3155
3156
3157 class YoutubeTruncatedIDIE(InfoExtractor):
3158     IE_NAME = 'youtube:truncated_id'
3159     IE_DESC = False  # Do not list
3160     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{1,10})$'
3161
3162     _TESTS = [{
3163         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N_708QY7Ob',
3164         'only_matching': True,
3165     }]
3166
3167     def _real_extract(self, url):
3168         video_id = self._match_id(url)
3169         raise ExtractorError(
3170             'Incomplete YouTube ID %s. URL %s looks truncated.' % (video_id, url),
3171             expected=True)