Merge branch 'akamai_pv' of https://github.com/remitamine/youtube-dl into remitamine...
[youtube-dl] / youtube_dl / extractor / common.py
index e3d1dd076364261dcd2e8860f281a48dfc2b39cc..a285ee7d898e0777005ff625b5fcc44f1013d683 100644 (file)
@@ -10,19 +10,22 @@ import re
 import socket
 import sys
 import time
 import socket
 import sys
 import time
-import xml.etree.ElementTree
+import math
 
 from ..compat import (
     compat_cookiejar,
     compat_cookies,
 
 from ..compat import (
     compat_cookiejar,
     compat_cookies,
-    compat_HTTPError,
+    compat_etree_fromstring,
+    compat_getpass,
     compat_http_client,
     compat_http_client,
+    compat_os_name,
+    compat_str,
     compat_urllib_error,
     compat_urllib_error,
-    compat_urllib_parse_urlparse,
+    compat_urllib_parse_urlencode,
     compat_urllib_request,
     compat_urlparse,
     compat_urllib_request,
     compat_urlparse,
-    compat_str,
 )
 )
+from ..downloader.f4m import remove_encrypted_media
 from ..utils import (
     NO_DEFAULT,
     age_restricted,
 from ..utils import (
     NO_DEFAULT,
     age_restricted,
@@ -30,13 +33,25 @@ from ..utils import (
     clean_html,
     compiled_regex_type,
     determine_ext,
     clean_html,
     compiled_regex_type,
     determine_ext,
+    error_to_compat_str,
     ExtractorError,
     fix_xml_ampersands,
     float_or_none,
     int_or_none,
     ExtractorError,
     fix_xml_ampersands,
     float_or_none,
     int_or_none,
+    parse_iso8601,
     RegexNotFoundError,
     sanitize_filename,
     RegexNotFoundError,
     sanitize_filename,
+    sanitized_Request,
     unescapeHTML,
     unescapeHTML,
+    unified_strdate,
+    url_basename,
+    xpath_text,
+    xpath_with_ns,
+    determine_protocol,
+    parse_duration,
+    mimetype2ext,
+    update_Request,
+    update_url_query,
 )
 
 
 )
 
 
@@ -94,7 +109,7 @@ class InfoExtractor(object):
                     * protocol   The protocol that will be used for the actual
                                  download, lower-case.
                                  "http", "https", "rtsp", "rtmp", "rtmpe",
                     * protocol   The protocol that will be used for the actual
                                  download, lower-case.
                                  "http", "https", "rtsp", "rtmp", "rtmpe",
-                                 "m3u8", or "m3u8_native".
+                                 "m3u8", "m3u8_native" or "http_dash_segments".
                     * preference Order number of this format. If this field is
                                  present and not None, the formats get sorted
                                  by this field, regardless of all other values.
                     * preference Order number of this format. If this field is
                                  present and not None, the formats get sorted
                                  by this field, regardless of all other values.
@@ -102,8 +117,9 @@ class InfoExtractor(object):
                                  -2 or smaller for less than default.
                                  < -1000 to hide the format (if there is
                                     another one which is strictly better)
                                  -2 or smaller for less than default.
                                  < -1000 to hide the format (if there is
                                     another one which is strictly better)
-                    * language_preference  Is this in the correct requested
-                                 language?
+                    * language   Language code, e.g. "de" or "en-US".
+                    * language_preference  Is this in the language mentioned in
+                                 the URL?
                                  10 if it's what the URL is about,
                                  -1 for default (don't know),
                                  -10 otherwise, other values reserved for now.
                                  10 if it's what the URL is about,
                                  -1 for default (don't know),
                                  -10 otherwise, other values reserved for now.
@@ -146,11 +162,14 @@ class InfoExtractor(object):
     thumbnail:      Full URL to a video thumbnail image.
     description:    Full video description.
     uploader:       Full name of the video uploader.
     thumbnail:      Full URL to a video thumbnail image.
     description:    Full video description.
     uploader:       Full name of the video uploader.
+    license:        License name the video is licensed under.
     creator:        The main artist who created the video.
     creator:        The main artist who created the video.
+    release_date:   The date (YYYYMMDD) when the video was released.
     timestamp:      UNIX timestamp of the moment the video became available.
     upload_date:    Video upload date (YYYYMMDD).
                     If not explicitly set, calculated from timestamp.
     uploader_id:    Nickname or id of the video uploader.
     timestamp:      UNIX timestamp of the moment the video became available.
     upload_date:    Video upload date (YYYYMMDD).
                     If not explicitly set, calculated from timestamp.
     uploader_id:    Nickname or id of the video uploader.
+    uploader_url:   Full URL to a personal webpage of the video uploader.
     location:       Physical location where the video was filmed.
     subtitles:      The available subtitles as a dictionary in the format
                     {language: subformats}. "subformats" is a list sorted from
     location:       Physical location where the video was filmed.
     subtitles:      The available subtitles as a dictionary in the format
                     {language: subformats}. "subformats" is a list sorted from
@@ -158,12 +177,14 @@ class InfoExtractor(object):
                     with the "ext" entry and one of:
                         * "data": The subtitles file contents
                         * "url": A URL pointing to the subtitles file
                     with the "ext" entry and one of:
                         * "data": The subtitles file contents
                         * "url": A URL pointing to the subtitles file
+                    "ext" will be calculated from URL if missing
     automatic_captions: Like 'subtitles', used by the YoutubeIE for
                     automatically generated captions
     automatic_captions: Like 'subtitles', used by the YoutubeIE for
                     automatically generated captions
-    duration:       Length of the video in seconds, as an integer.
+    duration:       Length of the video in seconds, as an integer or float.
     view_count:     How many users have watched the video on the platform.
     like_count:     Number of positive ratings of the video
     dislike_count:  Number of negative ratings of the video
     view_count:     How many users have watched the video on the platform.
     like_count:     Number of positive ratings of the video
     dislike_count:  Number of negative ratings of the video
+    repost_count:   Number of reposts of the video
     average_rating: Average rating give by users, the scale used depends on the webpage
     comment_count:  Number of comments on the video
     comments:       A list of comments, each with one or more of the following
     average_rating: Average rating give by users, the scale used depends on the webpage
     comment_count:  Number of comments on the video
     comments:       A list of comments, each with one or more of the following
@@ -191,6 +212,44 @@ class InfoExtractor(object):
     end_time:       Time in seconds where the reproduction should end, as
                     specified in the URL.
 
     end_time:       Time in seconds where the reproduction should end, as
                     specified in the URL.
 
+    The following fields should only be used when the video belongs to some logical
+    chapter or section:
+
+    chapter:        Name or title of the chapter the video belongs to.
+    chapter_number: Number of the chapter the video belongs to, as an integer.
+    chapter_id:     Id of the chapter the video belongs to, as a unicode string.
+
+    The following fields should only be used when the video is an episode of some
+    series or programme:
+
+    series:         Title of the series or programme the video episode belongs to.
+    season:         Title of the season the video episode belongs to.
+    season_number:  Number of the season the video episode belongs to, as an integer.
+    season_id:      Id of the season the video episode belongs to, as a unicode string.
+    episode:        Title of the video episode. Unlike mandatory video title field,
+                    this field should denote the exact title of the video episode
+                    without any kind of decoration.
+    episode_number: Number of the video episode within a season, as an integer.
+    episode_id:     Id of the video episode, as a unicode string.
+
+    The following fields should only be used when the media is a track or a part of
+    a music album:
+
+    track:          Title of the track.
+    track_number:   Number of the track within an album or a disc, as an integer.
+    track_id:       Id of the track (useful in case of custom indexing, e.g. 6.iii),
+                    as a unicode string.
+    artist:         Artist(s) of the track.
+    genre:          Genre(s) of the track.
+    album:          Title of the album the track belongs to.
+    album_type:     Type of the album (e.g. "Demo", "Full-length", "Split", "Compilation", etc).
+    album_artist:   List of all artists appeared on the album (e.g.
+                    "Ash Borer / Fell Voices" or "Various Artists", useful for splits
+                    and compilations).
+    disc_number:    Number of the disc or other physical medium the track belongs to,
+                    as an integer.
+    release_year:   Year (YYYY) when the album was released.
+
     Unless mentioned otherwise, the fields should be Unicode strings.
 
     Unless mentioned otherwise, None is equivalent to absence of information.
     Unless mentioned otherwise, the fields should be Unicode strings.
 
     Unless mentioned otherwise, None is equivalent to absence of information.
@@ -200,8 +259,8 @@ class InfoExtractor(object):
     There must be a key "entries", which is a list, an iterable, or a PagedList
     object, each element of which is a valid dictionary by this specification.
 
     There must be a key "entries", which is a list, an iterable, or a PagedList
     object, each element of which is a valid dictionary by this specification.
 
-    Additionally, playlists can have "title" and "id" attributes with the same
-    semantics as videos (see above).
+    Additionally, playlists can have "title", "description" and "id" attributes
+    with the same semantics as videos (see above).
 
 
     _type "multi_video" indicates that there are multiple videos that
 
 
     _type "multi_video" indicates that there are multiple videos that
@@ -283,9 +342,9 @@ class InfoExtractor(object):
         except ExtractorError:
             raise
         except compat_http_client.IncompleteRead as e:
         except ExtractorError:
             raise
         except compat_http_client.IncompleteRead as e:
-            raise ExtractorError('A network error has occured.', cause=e, expected=True)
+            raise ExtractorError('A network error has occurred.', cause=e, expected=True)
         except (KeyError, StopIteration) as e:
         except (KeyError, StopIteration) as e:
-            raise ExtractorError('An extractor error has occured.', cause=e)
+            raise ExtractorError('An extractor error has occurred.', cause=e)
 
     def set_downloader(self, downloader):
         """Sets the downloader for this IE."""
 
     def set_downloader(self, downloader):
         """Sets the downloader for this IE."""
@@ -302,13 +361,13 @@ class InfoExtractor(object):
     @classmethod
     def ie_key(cls):
         """A string for getting the InfoExtractor with get_info_extractor"""
     @classmethod
     def ie_key(cls):
         """A string for getting the InfoExtractor with get_info_extractor"""
-        return cls.__name__[:-2]
+        return compat_str(cls.__name__[:-2])
 
     @property
     def IE_NAME(self):
 
     @property
     def IE_NAME(self):
-        return type(self).__name__[:-2]
+        return compat_str(type(self).__name__[:-2])
 
 
-    def _request_webpage(self, url_or_request, video_id, note=None, errnote=None, fatal=True):
+    def _request_webpage(self, url_or_request, video_id, note=None, errnote=None, fatal=True, data=None, headers={}, query={}):
         """ Returns the response handle """
         if note is None:
             self.report_download_webpage(video_id)
         """ Returns the response handle """
         if note is None:
             self.report_download_webpage(video_id)
@@ -317,6 +376,14 @@ class InfoExtractor(object):
                 self.to_screen('%s' % (note,))
             else:
                 self.to_screen('%s: %s' % (video_id, note))
                 self.to_screen('%s' % (note,))
             else:
                 self.to_screen('%s: %s' % (video_id, note))
+        if isinstance(url_or_request, compat_urllib_request.Request):
+            url_or_request = update_Request(
+                url_or_request, data=data, headers=headers, query=query)
+        else:
+            if query:
+                url_or_request = update_url_query(url_or_request, query)
+            if data is not None or headers:
+                url_or_request = sanitized_Request(url_or_request, data, headers)
         try:
             return self._downloader.urlopen(url_or_request)
         except (compat_urllib_error.URLError, compat_http_client.HTTPException, socket.error) as err:
         try:
             return self._downloader.urlopen(url_or_request)
         except (compat_urllib_error.URLError, compat_http_client.HTTPException, socket.error) as err:
@@ -324,20 +391,21 @@ class InfoExtractor(object):
                 return False
             if errnote is None:
                 errnote = 'Unable to download webpage'
                 return False
             if errnote is None:
                 errnote = 'Unable to download webpage'
-            errmsg = '%s: %s' % (errnote, compat_str(err))
+
+            errmsg = '%s: %s' % (errnote, error_to_compat_str(err))
             if fatal:
                 raise ExtractorError(errmsg, sys.exc_info()[2], cause=err)
             else:
                 self._downloader.report_warning(errmsg)
                 return False
 
             if fatal:
                 raise ExtractorError(errmsg, sys.exc_info()[2], cause=err)
             else:
                 self._downloader.report_warning(errmsg)
                 return False
 
-    def _download_webpage_handle(self, url_or_request, video_id, note=None, errnote=None, fatal=True, encoding=None):
+    def _download_webpage_handle(self, url_or_request, video_id, note=None, errnote=None, fatal=True, encoding=None, data=None, headers={}, query={}):
         """ Returns a tuple (page content as string, URL handle) """
         # Strip hashes from the URL (#1038)
         if isinstance(url_or_request, (compat_str, str)):
             url_or_request = url_or_request.partition('#')[0]
 
         """ Returns a tuple (page content as string, URL handle) """
         # Strip hashes from the URL (#1038)
         if isinstance(url_or_request, (compat_str, str)):
             url_or_request = url_or_request.partition('#')[0]
 
-        urlh = self._request_webpage(url_or_request, video_id, note, errnote, fatal)
+        urlh = self._request_webpage(url_or_request, video_id, note, errnote, fatal, data=data, headers=headers, query=query)
         if urlh is False:
             assert not fatal
             return False
         if urlh is False:
             assert not fatal
             return False
@@ -390,7 +458,7 @@ class InfoExtractor(object):
             self.to_screen('Saving request to ' + filename)
             # Working around MAX_PATH limitation on Windows (see
             # http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa365247(v=vs.85).aspx)
             self.to_screen('Saving request to ' + filename)
             # Working around MAX_PATH limitation on Windows (see
             # http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa365247(v=vs.85).aspx)
-            if os.name == 'nt':
+            if compat_os_name == 'nt':
                 absfilepath = os.path.abspath(filename)
                 if len(absfilepath) > 259:
                     filename = '\\\\?\\' + absfilepath
                 absfilepath = os.path.abspath(filename)
                 if len(absfilepath) > 259:
                     filename = '\\\\?\\' + absfilepath
@@ -424,13 +492,13 @@ class InfoExtractor(object):
 
         return content
 
 
         return content
 
-    def _download_webpage(self, url_or_request, video_id, note=None, errnote=None, fatal=True, tries=1, timeout=5, encoding=None):
+    def _download_webpage(self, url_or_request, video_id, note=None, errnote=None, fatal=True, tries=1, timeout=5, encoding=None, data=None, headers={}, query={}):
         """ Returns the data of the page as a string """
         success = False
         try_count = 0
         while success is False:
             try:
         """ Returns the data of the page as a string """
         success = False
         try_count = 0
         while success is False:
             try:
-                res = self._download_webpage_handle(url_or_request, video_id, note, errnote, fatal, encoding=encoding)
+                res = self._download_webpage_handle(url_or_request, video_id, note, errnote, fatal, encoding=encoding, data=data, headers=headers, query=query)
                 success = True
             except compat_http_client.IncompleteRead as e:
                 try_count += 1
                 success = True
             except compat_http_client.IncompleteRead as e:
                 try_count += 1
@@ -445,24 +513,24 @@ class InfoExtractor(object):
 
     def _download_xml(self, url_or_request, video_id,
                       note='Downloading XML', errnote='Unable to download XML',
 
     def _download_xml(self, url_or_request, video_id,
                       note='Downloading XML', errnote='Unable to download XML',
-                      transform_source=None, fatal=True, encoding=None):
+                      transform_source=None, fatal=True, encoding=None, data=None, headers={}, query={}):
         """Return the xml as an xml.etree.ElementTree.Element"""
         xml_string = self._download_webpage(
         """Return the xml as an xml.etree.ElementTree.Element"""
         xml_string = self._download_webpage(
-            url_or_request, video_id, note, errnote, fatal=fatal, encoding=encoding)
+            url_or_request, video_id, note, errnote, fatal=fatal, encoding=encoding, data=data, headers=headers, query=query)
         if xml_string is False:
             return xml_string
         if transform_source:
             xml_string = transform_source(xml_string)
         if xml_string is False:
             return xml_string
         if transform_source:
             xml_string = transform_source(xml_string)
-        return xml.etree.ElementTree.fromstring(xml_string.encode('utf-8'))
+        return compat_etree_fromstring(xml_string.encode('utf-8'))
 
     def _download_json(self, url_or_request, video_id,
                        note='Downloading JSON metadata',
                        errnote='Unable to download JSON metadata',
                        transform_source=None,
 
     def _download_json(self, url_or_request, video_id,
                        note='Downloading JSON metadata',
                        errnote='Unable to download JSON metadata',
                        transform_source=None,
-                       fatal=True, encoding=None):
+                       fatal=True, encoding=None, data=None, headers={}, query={}):
         json_string = self._download_webpage(
             url_or_request, video_id, note, errnote, fatal=fatal,
         json_string = self._download_webpage(
             url_or_request, video_id, note, errnote, fatal=fatal,
-            encoding=encoding)
+            encoding=encoding, data=data, headers=headers, query=query)
         if (not fatal) and json_string is False:
             return None
         return self._parse_json(
         if (not fatal) and json_string is False:
             return None
         return self._parse_json(
@@ -505,6 +573,18 @@ class InfoExtractor(object):
         """Report attempt to log in."""
         self.to_screen('Logging in')
 
         """Report attempt to log in."""
         self.to_screen('Logging in')
 
+    @staticmethod
+    def raise_login_required(msg='This video is only available for registered users'):
+        raise ExtractorError(
+            '%s. Use --username and --password or --netrc to provide account credentials.' % msg,
+            expected=True)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def raise_geo_restricted(msg='This video is not available from your location due to geo restriction'):
+        raise ExtractorError(
+            '%s. You might want to use --proxy to workaround.' % msg,
+            expected=True)
+
     # Methods for following #608
     @staticmethod
     def url_result(url, ie=None, video_id=None, video_title=None):
     # Methods for following #608
     @staticmethod
     def url_result(url, ie=None, video_id=None, video_title=None):
@@ -547,7 +627,7 @@ class InfoExtractor(object):
                 if mobj:
                     break
 
                 if mobj:
                     break
 
-        if not self._downloader.params.get('no_color') and os.name != 'nt' and sys.stderr.isatty():
+        if not self._downloader.params.get('no_color') and compat_os_name != 'nt' and sys.stderr.isatty():
             _name = '\033[0;34m%s\033[0m' % name
         else:
             _name = name
             _name = '\033[0;34m%s\033[0m' % name
         else:
             _name = name
@@ -590,7 +670,7 @@ class InfoExtractor(object):
         downloader_params = self._downloader.params
 
         # Attempt to use provided username and password or .netrc data
         downloader_params = self._downloader.params
 
         # Attempt to use provided username and password or .netrc data
-        if downloader_params.get('username', None) is not None:
+        if downloader_params.get('username') is not None:
             username = downloader_params['username']
             password = downloader_params['password']
         elif downloader_params.get('usenetrc', False):
             username = downloader_params['username']
             password = downloader_params['password']
         elif downloader_params.get('usenetrc', False):
@@ -602,11 +682,11 @@ class InfoExtractor(object):
                 else:
                     raise netrc.NetrcParseError('No authenticators for %s' % self._NETRC_MACHINE)
             except (IOError, netrc.NetrcParseError) as err:
                 else:
                     raise netrc.NetrcParseError('No authenticators for %s' % self._NETRC_MACHINE)
             except (IOError, netrc.NetrcParseError) as err:
-                self._downloader.report_warning('parsing .netrc: %s' % compat_str(err))
+                self._downloader.report_warning('parsing .netrc: %s' % error_to_compat_str(err))
 
         return (username, password)
 
 
         return (username, password)
 
-    def _get_tfa_info(self):
+    def _get_tfa_info(self, note='two-factor verification code'):
         """
         Get the two-factor authentication info
         TODO - asking the user will be required for sms/phone verify
         """
         Get the two-factor authentication info
         TODO - asking the user will be required for sms/phone verify
@@ -617,16 +697,17 @@ class InfoExtractor(object):
             return None
         downloader_params = self._downloader.params
 
             return None
         downloader_params = self._downloader.params
 
-        if downloader_params.get('twofactor', None) is not None:
+        if downloader_params.get('twofactor') is not None:
             return downloader_params['twofactor']
 
             return downloader_params['twofactor']
 
-        return None
+        return compat_getpass('Type %s and press [Return]: ' % note)
 
     # Helper functions for extracting OpenGraph info
     @staticmethod
     def _og_regexes(prop):
 
     # Helper functions for extracting OpenGraph info
     @staticmethod
     def _og_regexes(prop):
-        content_re = r'content=(?:"([^>]+?)"|\'([^>]+?)\')'
-        property_re = r'(?:name|property)=[\'"]og:%s[\'"]' % re.escape(prop)
+        content_re = r'content=(?:"([^"]+?)"|\'([^\']+?)\'|\s*([^\s"\'=<>`]+?))'
+        property_re = (r'(?:name|property)=(?:\'og:%(prop)s\'|"og:%(prop)s"|\s*og:%(prop)s\b)'
+                       % {'prop': re.escape(prop)})
         template = r'<meta[^>]+?%s[^>]+?%s'
         return [
             template % (property_re, content_re),
         template = r'<meta[^>]+?%s[^>]+?%s'
         return [
             template % (property_re, content_re),
@@ -636,7 +717,7 @@ class InfoExtractor(object):
     @staticmethod
     def _meta_regex(prop):
         return r'''(?isx)<meta
     @staticmethod
     def _meta_regex(prop):
         return r'''(?isx)<meta
-                    (?=[^>]+(?:itemprop|name|property)=(["\']?)%s\1)
+                    (?=[^>]+(?:itemprop|name|property|id|http-equiv)=(["\']?)%s\1)
                     [^>]+?content=(["\'])(?P<content>.*?)\2''' % re.escape(prop)
 
     def _og_search_property(self, prop, html, name=None, **kargs):
                     [^>]+?content=(["\'])(?P<content>.*?)\2''' % re.escape(prop)
 
     def _og_search_property(self, prop, html, name=None, **kargs):
@@ -697,7 +778,7 @@ class InfoExtractor(object):
             'mature': 17,
             'restricted': 19,
         }
             'mature': 17,
             'restricted': 19,
         }
-        return RATING_TABLE.get(rating.lower(), None)
+        return RATING_TABLE.get(rating.lower())
 
     def _family_friendly_search(self, html):
         # See http://schema.org/VideoObject
 
     def _family_friendly_search(self, html):
         # See http://schema.org/VideoObject
@@ -712,28 +793,67 @@ class InfoExtractor(object):
             '0': 18,
             'false': 18,
         }
             '0': 18,
             'false': 18,
         }
-        return RATING_TABLE.get(family_friendly.lower(), None)
+        return RATING_TABLE.get(family_friendly.lower())
 
     def _twitter_search_player(self, html):
         return self._html_search_meta('twitter:player', html,
                                       'twitter card player')
 
 
     def _twitter_search_player(self, html):
         return self._html_search_meta('twitter:player', html,
                                       'twitter card player')
 
+    def _search_json_ld(self, html, video_id, **kwargs):
+        json_ld = self._search_regex(
+            r'(?s)<script[^>]+type=(["\'])application/ld\+json\1[^>]*>(?P<json_ld>.+?)</script>',
+            html, 'JSON-LD', group='json_ld', **kwargs)
+        if not json_ld:
+            return {}
+        return self._json_ld(json_ld, video_id, fatal=kwargs.get('fatal', True))
+
+    def _json_ld(self, json_ld, video_id, fatal=True):
+        if isinstance(json_ld, compat_str):
+            json_ld = self._parse_json(json_ld, video_id, fatal=fatal)
+        if not json_ld:
+            return {}
+        info = {}
+        if json_ld.get('@context') == 'http://schema.org':
+            item_type = json_ld.get('@type')
+            if item_type == 'TVEpisode':
+                info.update({
+                    'episode': unescapeHTML(json_ld.get('name')),
+                    'episode_number': int_or_none(json_ld.get('episodeNumber')),
+                    'description': unescapeHTML(json_ld.get('description')),
+                })
+                part_of_season = json_ld.get('partOfSeason')
+                if isinstance(part_of_season, dict) and part_of_season.get('@type') == 'TVSeason':
+                    info['season_number'] = int_or_none(part_of_season.get('seasonNumber'))
+                part_of_series = json_ld.get('partOfSeries')
+                if isinstance(part_of_series, dict) and part_of_series.get('@type') == 'TVSeries':
+                    info['series'] = unescapeHTML(part_of_series.get('name'))
+            elif item_type == 'Article':
+                info.update({
+                    'timestamp': parse_iso8601(json_ld.get('datePublished')),
+                    'title': unescapeHTML(json_ld.get('headline')),
+                    'description': unescapeHTML(json_ld.get('articleBody')),
+                })
+        return dict((k, v) for k, v in info.items() if v is not None)
+
     @staticmethod
     def _hidden_inputs(html):
     @staticmethod
     def _hidden_inputs(html):
-        return dict([
-            (input.group('name'), input.group('value')) for input in re.finditer(
-                r'''(?x)
-                    <input\s+
-                        type=(?P<q_hidden>["\'])hidden(?P=q_hidden)\s+
-                        name=(?P<q_name>["\'])(?P<name>.+?)(?P=q_name)\s+
-                        (?:id=(?P<q_id>["\']).+?(?P=q_id)\s+)?
-                        value=(?P<q_value>["\'])(?P<value>.*?)(?P=q_value)
-                ''', html)
-        ])
+        html = re.sub(r'<!--(?:(?!<!--).)*-->', '', html)
+        hidden_inputs = {}
+        for input in re.findall(r'(?i)<input([^>]+)>', html):
+            if not re.search(r'type=(["\'])(?:hidden|submit)\1', input):
+                continue
+            name = re.search(r'(?:name|id)=(["\'])(?P<value>.+?)\1', input)
+            if not name:
+                continue
+            value = re.search(r'value=(["\'])(?P<value>.*?)\1', input)
+            if not value:
+                continue
+            hidden_inputs[name.group('value')] = value.group('value')
+        return hidden_inputs
 
     def _form_hidden_inputs(self, form_id, html):
         form = self._search_regex(
 
     def _form_hidden_inputs(self, form_id, html):
         form = self._search_regex(
-            r'(?s)<form[^>]+?id=(["\'])%s\1[^>]*>(?P<form>.+?)</form>' % form_id,
+            r'(?is)<form[^>]+?id=(["\'])%s\1[^>]*>(?P<form>.+?)</form>' % form_id,
             html, '%s form' % form_id, group='form')
         return self._hidden_inputs(form)
 
             html, '%s form' % form_id, group='form')
         return self._hidden_inputs(form)
 
@@ -741,6 +861,12 @@ class InfoExtractor(object):
         if not formats:
             raise ExtractorError('No video formats found')
 
         if not formats:
             raise ExtractorError('No video formats found')
 
+        for f in formats:
+            # Automatically determine tbr when missing based on abr and vbr (improves
+            # formats sorting in some cases)
+            if 'tbr' not in f and f.get('abr') is not None and f.get('vbr') is not None:
+                f['tbr'] = f['abr'] + f['vbr']
+
         def _formats_key(f):
             # TODO remove the following workaround
             from ..utils import determine_ext
         def _formats_key(f):
             # TODO remove the following workaround
             from ..utils import determine_ext
@@ -752,15 +878,14 @@ class InfoExtractor(object):
 
             preference = f.get('preference')
             if preference is None:
 
             preference = f.get('preference')
             if preference is None:
-                proto = f.get('protocol')
-                if proto is None:
-                    proto = compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(f.get('url', '')).scheme
-
-                preference = 0 if proto in ['http', 'https'] else -0.1
+                preference = 0
                 if f.get('ext') in ['f4f', 'f4m']:  # Not yet supported
                     preference -= 0.5
 
                 if f.get('ext') in ['f4f', 'f4m']:  # Not yet supported
                     preference -= 0.5
 
+            proto_preference = 0 if determine_protocol(f) in ['http', 'https'] else -0.1
+
             if f.get('vcodec') == 'none':  # audio only
             if f.get('vcodec') == 'none':  # audio only
+                preference -= 50
                 if self._downloader.params.get('prefer_free_formats'):
                     ORDER = ['aac', 'mp3', 'm4a', 'webm', 'ogg', 'opus']
                 else:
                 if self._downloader.params.get('prefer_free_formats'):
                     ORDER = ['aac', 'mp3', 'm4a', 'webm', 'ogg', 'opus']
                 else:
@@ -771,6 +896,8 @@ class InfoExtractor(object):
                 except ValueError:
                     audio_ext_preference = -1
             else:
                 except ValueError:
                     audio_ext_preference = -1
             else:
+                if f.get('acodec') == 'none':  # video only
+                    preference -= 40
                 if self._downloader.params.get('prefer_free_formats'):
                     ORDER = ['flv', 'mp4', 'webm']
                 else:
                 if self._downloader.params.get('prefer_free_formats'):
                     ORDER = ['flv', 'mp4', 'webm']
                 else:
@@ -790,6 +917,7 @@ class InfoExtractor(object):
                 f.get('vbr') if f.get('vbr') is not None else -1,
                 f.get('height') if f.get('height') is not None else -1,
                 f.get('width') if f.get('width') is not None else -1,
                 f.get('vbr') if f.get('vbr') is not None else -1,
                 f.get('height') if f.get('height') is not None else -1,
                 f.get('width') if f.get('width') is not None else -1,
+                proto_preference,
                 ext_preference,
                 f.get('abr') if f.get('abr') is not None else -1,
                 audio_ext_preference,
                 ext_preference,
                 f.get('abr') if f.get('abr') is not None else -1,
                 audio_ext_preference,
@@ -808,6 +936,16 @@ class InfoExtractor(object):
                     item='%s video format' % f.get('format_id') if f.get('format_id') else 'video'),
                 formats)
 
                     item='%s video format' % f.get('format_id') if f.get('format_id') else 'video'),
                 formats)
 
+    @staticmethod
+    def _remove_duplicate_formats(formats):
+        format_urls = set()
+        unique_formats = []
+        for f in formats:
+            if f['url'] not in format_urls:
+                format_urls.add(f['url'])
+                unique_formats.append(f)
+        formats[:] = unique_formats
+
     def _is_valid_url(self, url, video_id, item='video'):
         url = self._proto_relative_url(url, scheme='http:')
         # For now assume non HTTP(S) URLs always valid
     def _is_valid_url(self, url, video_id, item='video'):
         url = self._proto_relative_url(url, scheme='http:')
         # For now assume non HTTP(S) URLs always valid
@@ -817,7 +955,7 @@ class InfoExtractor(object):
             self._request_webpage(url, video_id, 'Checking %s URL' % item)
             return True
         except ExtractorError as e:
             self._request_webpage(url, video_id, 'Checking %s URL' % item)
             return True
         except ExtractorError as e:
-            if isinstance(e.cause, compat_HTTPError):
+            if isinstance(e.cause, compat_urllib_error.URLError):
                 self.to_screen(
                     '%s: %s URL is invalid, skipping' % (video_id, item))
                 return False
                 self.to_screen(
                     '%s: %s URL is invalid, skipping' % (video_id, item))
                 return False
@@ -848,14 +986,26 @@ class InfoExtractor(object):
         time.sleep(timeout)
 
     def _extract_f4m_formats(self, manifest_url, video_id, preference=None, f4m_id=None,
         time.sleep(timeout)
 
     def _extract_f4m_formats(self, manifest_url, video_id, preference=None, f4m_id=None,
-                             transform_source=lambda s: fix_xml_ampersands(s).strip()):
+                             transform_source=lambda s: fix_xml_ampersands(s).strip(),
+                             fatal=True):
         manifest = self._download_xml(
             manifest_url, video_id, 'Downloading f4m manifest',
             'Unable to download f4m manifest',
             # Some manifests may be malformed, e.g. prosiebensat1 generated manifests
             # (see https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/6215#issuecomment-121704244)
         manifest = self._download_xml(
             manifest_url, video_id, 'Downloading f4m manifest',
             'Unable to download f4m manifest',
             # Some manifests may be malformed, e.g. prosiebensat1 generated manifests
             # (see https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/6215#issuecomment-121704244)
-            transform_source=transform_source)
+            transform_source=transform_source,
+            fatal=fatal)
+
+        if manifest is False:
+            return []
 
 
+        return self._parse_f4m_formats(
+            manifest, manifest_url, video_id, preference=preference, f4m_id=f4m_id,
+            transform_source=transform_source, fatal=fatal)
+
+    def _parse_f4m_formats(self, manifest, manifest_url, video_id, preference=None, f4m_id=None,
+                           transform_source=lambda s: fix_xml_ampersands(s).strip(),
+                           fatal=True):
         # currently youtube-dl cannot decode the playerVerificationChallenge as Akamai uses Adobe Alchemy
         akamai_pv = manifest.find('{http://ns.adobe.com/f4m/1.0}pv-2.0')
         if akamai_pv is not None and ';' in akamai_pv.text:
         # currently youtube-dl cannot decode the playerVerificationChallenge as Akamai uses Adobe Alchemy
         akamai_pv = manifest.find('{http://ns.adobe.com/f4m/1.0}pv-2.0')
         if akamai_pv is not None and ';' in akamai_pv.text:
@@ -869,6 +1019,16 @@ class InfoExtractor(object):
         if not media_nodes:
             manifest_version = '2.0'
             media_nodes = manifest.findall('{http://ns.adobe.com/f4m/2.0}media')
         if not media_nodes:
             manifest_version = '2.0'
             media_nodes = manifest.findall('{http://ns.adobe.com/f4m/2.0}media')
+        # Remove unsupported DRM protected media from final formats
+        # rendition (see https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/8573).
+        media_nodes = remove_encrypted_media(media_nodes)
+        if not media_nodes:
+            return formats
+        base_url = xpath_text(
+            manifest, ['{http://ns.adobe.com/f4m/1.0}baseURL', '{http://ns.adobe.com/f4m/2.0}baseURL'],
+            'base URL', default=None)
+        if base_url:
+            base_url = base_url.strip()
         for i, media_el in enumerate(media_nodes):
             if manifest_version == '2.0':
                 media_url = media_el.attrib.get('href') or media_el.attrib.get('url')
         for i, media_el in enumerate(media_nodes):
             if manifest_version == '2.0':
                 media_url = media_el.attrib.get('href') or media_el.attrib.get('url')
@@ -876,13 +1036,15 @@ class InfoExtractor(object):
                     continue
                 manifest_url = (
                     media_url if media_url.startswith('http://') or media_url.startswith('https://')
                     continue
                 manifest_url = (
                     media_url if media_url.startswith('http://') or media_url.startswith('https://')
-                    else ('/'.join(manifest_url.split('/')[:-1]) + '/' + media_url))
+                    else ((base_url or '/'.join(manifest_url.split('/')[:-1])) + '/' + media_url))
                 # If media_url is itself a f4m manifest do the recursive extraction
                 # since bitrates in parent manifest (this one) and media_url manifest
                 # may differ leading to inability to resolve the format by requested
                 # bitrate in f4m downloader
                 if determine_ext(manifest_url) == 'f4m':
                 # If media_url is itself a f4m manifest do the recursive extraction
                 # since bitrates in parent manifest (this one) and media_url manifest
                 # may differ leading to inability to resolve the format by requested
                 # bitrate in f4m downloader
                 if determine_ext(manifest_url) == 'f4m':
-                    formats.extend(self._extract_f4m_formats(manifest_url, video_id, preference, f4m_id))
+                    formats.extend(self._extract_f4m_formats(
+                        manifest_url, video_id, preference=preference, f4m_id=f4m_id,
+                        transform_source=transform_source, fatal=fatal))
                     continue
             tbr = int_or_none(media_el.attrib.get('bitrate'))
             formats.append({
                     continue
             tbr = int_or_none(media_el.attrib.get('bitrate'))
             formats.append({
@@ -894,8 +1056,6 @@ class InfoExtractor(object):
                 'height': int_or_none(media_el.attrib.get('height')),
                 'preference': preference,
             })
                 'height': int_or_none(media_el.attrib.get('height')),
                 'preference': preference,
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return formats
 
     def _extract_m3u8_formats(self, m3u8_url, video_id, ext=None,
         return formats
 
     def _extract_m3u8_formats(self, m3u8_url, video_id, ext=None,
@@ -918,13 +1078,37 @@ class InfoExtractor(object):
             if re.match(r'^https?://', u)
             else compat_urlparse.urljoin(m3u8_url, u))
 
             if re.match(r'^https?://', u)
             else compat_urlparse.urljoin(m3u8_url, u))
 
-        m3u8_doc = self._download_webpage(
+        res = self._download_webpage_handle(
             m3u8_url, video_id,
             note=note or 'Downloading m3u8 information',
             errnote=errnote or 'Failed to download m3u8 information',
             fatal=fatal)
             m3u8_url, video_id,
             note=note or 'Downloading m3u8 information',
             errnote=errnote or 'Failed to download m3u8 information',
             fatal=fatal)
-        if m3u8_doc is False:
-            return m3u8_doc
+        if res is False:
+            return []
+        m3u8_doc, urlh = res
+        m3u8_url = urlh.geturl()
+
+        # We should try extracting formats only from master playlists [1], i.e.
+        # playlists that describe available qualities. On the other hand media
+        # playlists [2] should be returned as is since they contain just the media
+        # without qualities renditions.
+        # Fortunately, master playlist can be easily distinguished from media
+        # playlist based on particular tags availability. As of [1, 2] master
+        # playlist tags MUST NOT appear in a media playist and vice versa.
+        # As of [3] #EXT-X-TARGETDURATION tag is REQUIRED for every media playlist
+        # and MUST NOT appear in master playlist thus we can clearly detect media
+        # playlist with this criterion.
+        # 1. https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-pantos-http-live-streaming-17#section-4.3.4
+        # 2. https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-pantos-http-live-streaming-17#section-4.3.3
+        # 3. https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-pantos-http-live-streaming-17#section-4.3.3.1
+        if '#EXT-X-TARGETDURATION' in m3u8_doc:  # media playlist, return as is
+            return [{
+                'url': m3u8_url,
+                'format_id': m3u8_id,
+                'ext': ext,
+                'protocol': entry_protocol,
+                'preference': preference,
+            }]
         last_info = None
         last_media = None
         kv_rex = re.compile(
         last_info = None
         last_media = None
         kv_rex = re.compile(
@@ -964,95 +1148,437 @@ class InfoExtractor(object):
                     'protocol': entry_protocol,
                     'preference': preference,
                 }
                     'protocol': entry_protocol,
                     'preference': preference,
                 }
-                codecs = last_info.get('CODECS')
-                if codecs:
-                    # TODO: looks like video codec is not always necessarily goes first
-                    va_codecs = codecs.split(',')
-                    if va_codecs[0]:
-                        f['vcodec'] = va_codecs[0].partition('.')[0]
-                    if len(va_codecs) > 1 and va_codecs[1]:
-                        f['acodec'] = va_codecs[1].partition('.')[0]
                 resolution = last_info.get('RESOLUTION')
                 if resolution:
                     width_str, height_str = resolution.split('x')
                     f['width'] = int(width_str)
                     f['height'] = int(height_str)
                 resolution = last_info.get('RESOLUTION')
                 if resolution:
                     width_str, height_str = resolution.split('x')
                     f['width'] = int(width_str)
                     f['height'] = int(height_str)
+                codecs = last_info.get('CODECS')
+                if codecs:
+                    vcodec, acodec = [None] * 2
+                    va_codecs = codecs.split(',')
+                    if len(va_codecs) == 1:
+                        # Audio only entries usually come with single codec and
+                        # no resolution. For more robustness we also check it to
+                        # be mp4 audio.
+                        if not resolution and va_codecs[0].startswith('mp4a'):
+                            vcodec, acodec = 'none', va_codecs[0]
+                        else:
+                            vcodec = va_codecs[0]
+                    else:
+                        vcodec, acodec = va_codecs[:2]
+                    f.update({
+                        'acodec': acodec,
+                        'vcodec': vcodec,
+                    })
                 if last_media is not None:
                     f['m3u8_media'] = last_media
                     last_media = None
                 formats.append(f)
                 last_info = {}
                 if last_media is not None:
                     f['m3u8_media'] = last_media
                     last_media = None
                 formats.append(f)
                 last_info = {}
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return formats
 
         return formats
 
-    # TODO: improve extraction
-    def _extract_smil_formats(self, smil_url, video_id, fatal=True):
-        smil = self._download_xml(
-            smil_url, video_id, 'Downloading SMIL file',
-            'Unable to download SMIL file', fatal=fatal)
+    @staticmethod
+    def _xpath_ns(path, namespace=None):
+        if not namespace:
+            return path
+        out = []
+        for c in path.split('/'):
+            if not c or c == '.':
+                out.append(c)
+            else:
+                out.append('{%s}%s' % (namespace, c))
+        return '/'.join(out)
+
+    def _extract_smil_formats(self, smil_url, video_id, fatal=True, f4m_params=None, transform_source=None):
+        smil = self._download_smil(smil_url, video_id, fatal=fatal, transform_source=transform_source)
+
         if smil is False:
             assert not fatal
             return []
 
         if smil is False:
             assert not fatal
             return []
 
-        base = smil.find('./head/meta').get('base')
+        namespace = self._parse_smil_namespace(smil)
+
+        return self._parse_smil_formats(
+            smil, smil_url, video_id, namespace=namespace, f4m_params=f4m_params)
+
+    def _extract_smil_info(self, smil_url, video_id, fatal=True, f4m_params=None):
+        smil = self._download_smil(smil_url, video_id, fatal=fatal)
+        if smil is False:
+            return {}
+        return self._parse_smil(smil, smil_url, video_id, f4m_params=f4m_params)
+
+    def _download_smil(self, smil_url, video_id, fatal=True, transform_source=None):
+        return self._download_xml(
+            smil_url, video_id, 'Downloading SMIL file',
+            'Unable to download SMIL file', fatal=fatal, transform_source=transform_source)
+
+    def _parse_smil(self, smil, smil_url, video_id, f4m_params=None):
+        namespace = self._parse_smil_namespace(smil)
+
+        formats = self._parse_smil_formats(
+            smil, smil_url, video_id, namespace=namespace, f4m_params=f4m_params)
+        subtitles = self._parse_smil_subtitles(smil, namespace=namespace)
+
+        video_id = os.path.splitext(url_basename(smil_url))[0]
+        title = None
+        description = None
+        upload_date = None
+        for meta in smil.findall(self._xpath_ns('./head/meta', namespace)):
+            name = meta.attrib.get('name')
+            content = meta.attrib.get('content')
+            if not name or not content:
+                continue
+            if not title and name == 'title':
+                title = content
+            elif not description and name in ('description', 'abstract'):
+                description = content
+            elif not upload_date and name == 'date':
+                upload_date = unified_strdate(content)
+
+        thumbnails = [{
+            'id': image.get('type'),
+            'url': image.get('src'),
+            'width': int_or_none(image.get('width')),
+            'height': int_or_none(image.get('height')),
+        } for image in smil.findall(self._xpath_ns('.//image', namespace)) if image.get('src')]
+
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'title': title or video_id,
+            'description': description,
+            'upload_date': upload_date,
+            'thumbnails': thumbnails,
+            'formats': formats,
+            'subtitles': subtitles,
+        }
+
+    def _parse_smil_namespace(self, smil):
+        return self._search_regex(
+            r'(?i)^{([^}]+)?}smil$', smil.tag, 'namespace', default=None)
+
+    def _parse_smil_formats(self, smil, smil_url, video_id, namespace=None, f4m_params=None, transform_rtmp_url=None):
+        base = smil_url
+        for meta in smil.findall(self._xpath_ns('./head/meta', namespace)):
+            b = meta.get('base') or meta.get('httpBase')
+            if b:
+                base = b
+                break
 
         formats = []
         rtmp_count = 0
 
         formats = []
         rtmp_count = 0
-        if smil.findall('./body/seq/video'):
-            video = smil.findall('./body/seq/video')[0]
-            fmts, rtmp_count = self._parse_smil_video(video, video_id, base, rtmp_count)
-            formats.extend(fmts)
-        else:
-            for video in smil.findall('./body/switch/video'):
-                fmts, rtmp_count = self._parse_smil_video(video, video_id, base, rtmp_count)
-                formats.extend(fmts)
+        http_count = 0
+        m3u8_count = 0
+
+        srcs = []
+        videos = smil.findall(self._xpath_ns('.//video', namespace))
+        for video in videos:
+            src = video.get('src')
+            if not src or src in srcs:
+                continue
+            srcs.append(src)
+
+            bitrate = float_or_none(video.get('system-bitrate') or video.get('systemBitrate'), 1000)
+            filesize = int_or_none(video.get('size') or video.get('fileSize'))
+            width = int_or_none(video.get('width'))
+            height = int_or_none(video.get('height'))
+            proto = video.get('proto')
+            ext = video.get('ext')
+            src_ext = determine_ext(src)
+            streamer = video.get('streamer') or base
+
+            if proto == 'rtmp' or streamer.startswith('rtmp'):
+                rtmp_count += 1
+                formats.append({
+                    'url': streamer,
+                    'play_path': src,
+                    'ext': 'flv',
+                    'format_id': 'rtmp-%d' % (rtmp_count if bitrate is None else bitrate),
+                    'tbr': bitrate,
+                    'filesize': filesize,
+                    'width': width,
+                    'height': height,
+                })
+                if transform_rtmp_url:
+                    streamer, src = transform_rtmp_url(streamer, src)
+                    formats[-1].update({
+                        'url': streamer,
+                        'play_path': src,
+                    })
+                continue
+
+            src_url = src if src.startswith('http') else compat_urlparse.urljoin(base, src)
+            src_url = src_url.strip()
+
+            if proto == 'm3u8' or src_ext == 'm3u8':
+                m3u8_formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
+                    src_url, video_id, ext or 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False)
+                if len(m3u8_formats) == 1:
+                    m3u8_count += 1
+                    m3u8_formats[0].update({
+                        'format_id': 'hls-%d' % (m3u8_count if bitrate is None else bitrate),
+                        'tbr': bitrate,
+                        'width': width,
+                        'height': height,
+                    })
+                formats.extend(m3u8_formats)
+                continue
+
+            if src_ext == 'f4m':
+                f4m_url = src_url
+                if not f4m_params:
+                    f4m_params = {
+                        'hdcore': '3.2.0',
+                        'plugin': 'flowplayer-3.2.0.1',
+                    }
+                f4m_url += '&' if '?' in f4m_url else '?'
+                f4m_url += compat_urllib_parse_urlencode(f4m_params)
+                formats.extend(self._extract_f4m_formats(f4m_url, video_id, f4m_id='hds', fatal=False))
+                continue
 
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
+            if src_url.startswith('http') and self._is_valid_url(src, video_id):
+                http_count += 1
+                formats.append({
+                    'url': src_url,
+                    'ext': ext or src_ext or 'flv',
+                    'format_id': 'http-%d' % (bitrate or http_count),
+                    'tbr': bitrate,
+                    'filesize': filesize,
+                    'width': width,
+                    'height': height,
+                })
+                continue
 
         return formats
 
 
         return formats
 
-    def _parse_smil_video(self, video, video_id, base, rtmp_count):
-        src = video.get('src')
-        if not src:
-            return [], rtmp_count
-        bitrate = int_or_none(video.get('system-bitrate') or video.get('systemBitrate'), 1000)
-        width = int_or_none(video.get('width'))
-        height = int_or_none(video.get('height'))
-        proto = video.get('proto')
-        if not proto:
-            if base:
-                if base.startswith('rtmp'):
-                    proto = 'rtmp'
-                elif base.startswith('http'):
-                    proto = 'http'
-        ext = video.get('ext')
-        if proto == 'm3u8':
-            return self._extract_m3u8_formats(src, video_id, ext), rtmp_count
-        elif proto == 'rtmp':
-            rtmp_count += 1
-            streamer = video.get('streamer') or base
-            return ([{
-                'url': streamer,
-                'play_path': src,
-                'ext': 'flv',
-                'format_id': 'rtmp-%d' % (rtmp_count if bitrate is None else bitrate),
-                'tbr': bitrate,
-                'width': width,
-                'height': height,
-            }], rtmp_count)
-        elif proto.startswith('http'):
-            return ([{
-                'url': base + src,
-                'ext': ext or 'flv',
-                'tbr': bitrate,
-                'width': width,
-                'height': height,
-            }], rtmp_count)
+    def _parse_smil_subtitles(self, smil, namespace=None, subtitles_lang='en'):
+        urls = []
+        subtitles = {}
+        for num, textstream in enumerate(smil.findall(self._xpath_ns('.//textstream', namespace))):
+            src = textstream.get('src')
+            if not src or src in urls:
+                continue
+            urls.append(src)
+            ext = textstream.get('ext') or mimetype2ext(textstream.get('type')) or determine_ext(src)
+            lang = textstream.get('systemLanguage') or textstream.get('systemLanguageName') or textstream.get('lang') or subtitles_lang
+            subtitles.setdefault(lang, []).append({
+                'url': src,
+                'ext': ext,
+            })
+        return subtitles
+
+    def _extract_xspf_playlist(self, playlist_url, playlist_id, fatal=True):
+        xspf = self._download_xml(
+            playlist_url, playlist_id, 'Downloading xpsf playlist',
+            'Unable to download xspf manifest', fatal=fatal)
+        if xspf is False:
+            return []
+        return self._parse_xspf(xspf, playlist_id)
+
+    def _parse_xspf(self, playlist, playlist_id):
+        NS_MAP = {
+            'xspf': 'http://xspf.org/ns/0/',
+            's1': 'http://static.streamone.nl/player/ns/0',
+        }
+
+        entries = []
+        for track in playlist.findall(xpath_with_ns('./xspf:trackList/xspf:track', NS_MAP)):
+            title = xpath_text(
+                track, xpath_with_ns('./xspf:title', NS_MAP), 'title', default=playlist_id)
+            description = xpath_text(
+                track, xpath_with_ns('./xspf:annotation', NS_MAP), 'description')
+            thumbnail = xpath_text(
+                track, xpath_with_ns('./xspf:image', NS_MAP), 'thumbnail')
+            duration = float_or_none(
+                xpath_text(track, xpath_with_ns('./xspf:duration', NS_MAP), 'duration'), 1000)
+
+            formats = [{
+                'url': location.text,
+                'format_id': location.get(xpath_with_ns('s1:label', NS_MAP)),
+                'width': int_or_none(location.get(xpath_with_ns('s1:width', NS_MAP))),
+                'height': int_or_none(location.get(xpath_with_ns('s1:height', NS_MAP))),
+            } for location in track.findall(xpath_with_ns('./xspf:location', NS_MAP))]
+            self._sort_formats(formats)
+
+            entries.append({
+                'id': playlist_id,
+                'title': title,
+                'description': description,
+                'thumbnail': thumbnail,
+                'duration': duration,
+                'formats': formats,
+            })
+        return entries
+
+    def _extract_mpd_formats(self, mpd_url, video_id, mpd_id=None, note=None, errnote=None, fatal=True, formats_dict={}):
+        res = self._download_webpage_handle(
+            mpd_url, video_id,
+            note=note or 'Downloading MPD manifest',
+            errnote=errnote or 'Failed to download MPD manifest',
+            fatal=fatal)
+        if res is False:
+            return []
+        mpd, urlh = res
+        mpd_base_url = re.match(r'https?://.+/', urlh.geturl()).group()
+
+        return self._parse_mpd_formats(
+            compat_etree_fromstring(mpd.encode('utf-8')), mpd_id, mpd_base_url, formats_dict=formats_dict)
+
+    def _parse_mpd_formats(self, mpd_doc, mpd_id=None, mpd_base_url='', formats_dict={}):
+        if mpd_doc.get('type') == 'dynamic':
+            return []
+
+        namespace = self._search_regex(r'(?i)^{([^}]+)?}MPD$', mpd_doc.tag, 'namespace', default=None)
+
+        def _add_ns(path):
+            return self._xpath_ns(path, namespace)
+
+        def is_drm_protected(element):
+            return element.find(_add_ns('ContentProtection')) is not None
+
+        def extract_multisegment_info(element, ms_parent_info):
+            ms_info = ms_parent_info.copy()
+            segment_list = element.find(_add_ns('SegmentList'))
+            if segment_list is not None:
+                segment_urls_e = segment_list.findall(_add_ns('SegmentURL'))
+                if segment_urls_e:
+                    ms_info['segment_urls'] = [segment.attrib['media'] for segment in segment_urls_e]
+                initialization = segment_list.find(_add_ns('Initialization'))
+                if initialization is not None:
+                    ms_info['initialization_url'] = initialization.attrib['sourceURL']
+            else:
+                segment_template = element.find(_add_ns('SegmentTemplate'))
+                if segment_template is not None:
+                    start_number = segment_template.get('startNumber')
+                    if start_number:
+                        ms_info['start_number'] = int(start_number)
+                    segment_timeline = segment_template.find(_add_ns('SegmentTimeline'))
+                    if segment_timeline is not None:
+                        s_e = segment_timeline.findall(_add_ns('S'))
+                        if s_e:
+                            ms_info['total_number'] = 0
+                            for s in s_e:
+                                ms_info['total_number'] += 1 + int(s.get('r', '0'))
+                    else:
+                        timescale = segment_template.get('timescale')
+                        if timescale:
+                            ms_info['timescale'] = int(timescale)
+                        segment_duration = segment_template.get('duration')
+                        if segment_duration:
+                            ms_info['segment_duration'] = int(segment_duration)
+                    media_template = segment_template.get('media')
+                    if media_template:
+                        ms_info['media_template'] = media_template
+                    initialization = segment_template.get('initialization')
+                    if initialization:
+                        ms_info['initialization_url'] = initialization
+                    else:
+                        initialization = segment_template.find(_add_ns('Initialization'))
+                        if initialization is not None:
+                            ms_info['initialization_url'] = initialization.attrib['sourceURL']
+            return ms_info
+
+        mpd_duration = parse_duration(mpd_doc.get('mediaPresentationDuration'))
+        formats = []
+        for period in mpd_doc.findall(_add_ns('Period')):
+            period_duration = parse_duration(period.get('duration')) or mpd_duration
+            period_ms_info = extract_multisegment_info(period, {
+                'start_number': 1,
+                'timescale': 1,
+            })
+            for adaptation_set in period.findall(_add_ns('AdaptationSet')):
+                if is_drm_protected(adaptation_set):
+                    continue
+                adaption_set_ms_info = extract_multisegment_info(adaptation_set, period_ms_info)
+                for representation in adaptation_set.findall(_add_ns('Representation')):
+                    if is_drm_protected(representation):
+                        continue
+                    representation_attrib = adaptation_set.attrib.copy()
+                    representation_attrib.update(representation.attrib)
+                    # According to page 41 of ISO/IEC 29001-1:2014, @mimeType is mandatory
+                    mime_type = representation_attrib['mimeType']
+                    content_type = mime_type.split('/')[0]
+                    if content_type == 'text':
+                        # TODO implement WebVTT downloading
+                        pass
+                    elif content_type == 'video' or content_type == 'audio':
+                        base_url = ''
+                        for element in (representation, adaptation_set, period, mpd_doc):
+                            base_url_e = element.find(_add_ns('BaseURL'))
+                            if base_url_e is not None:
+                                base_url = base_url_e.text + base_url
+                                if re.match(r'^https?://', base_url):
+                                    break
+                        if mpd_base_url and not re.match(r'^https?://', base_url):
+                            if not mpd_base_url.endswith('/') and not base_url.startswith('/'):
+                                mpd_base_url += '/'
+                            base_url = mpd_base_url + base_url
+                        representation_id = representation_attrib.get('id')
+                        lang = representation_attrib.get('lang')
+                        url_el = representation.find(_add_ns('BaseURL'))
+                        filesize = int_or_none(url_el.attrib.get('{http://youtube.com/yt/2012/10/10}contentLength') if url_el is not None else None)
+                        f = {
+                            'format_id': '%s-%s' % (mpd_id, representation_id) if mpd_id else representation_id,
+                            'url': base_url,
+                            'ext': mimetype2ext(mime_type),
+                            'width': int_or_none(representation_attrib.get('width')),
+                            'height': int_or_none(representation_attrib.get('height')),
+                            'tbr': int_or_none(representation_attrib.get('bandwidth'), 1000),
+                            'asr': int_or_none(representation_attrib.get('audioSamplingRate')),
+                            'fps': int_or_none(representation_attrib.get('frameRate')),
+                            'vcodec': 'none' if content_type == 'audio' else representation_attrib.get('codecs'),
+                            'acodec': 'none' if content_type == 'video' else representation_attrib.get('codecs'),
+                            'language': lang if lang not in ('mul', 'und', 'zxx', 'mis') else None,
+                            'format_note': 'DASH %s' % content_type,
+                            'filesize': filesize,
+                        }
+                        representation_ms_info = extract_multisegment_info(representation, adaption_set_ms_info)
+                        if 'segment_urls' not in representation_ms_info and 'media_template' in representation_ms_info:
+                            if 'total_number' not in representation_ms_info and 'segment_duration':
+                                segment_duration = float(representation_ms_info['segment_duration']) / float(representation_ms_info['timescale'])
+                                representation_ms_info['total_number'] = int(math.ceil(float(period_duration) / segment_duration))
+                            media_template = representation_ms_info['media_template']
+                            media_template = media_template.replace('$RepresentationID$', representation_id)
+                            media_template = re.sub(r'\$(Number|Bandwidth)\$', r'%(\1)d', media_template)
+                            media_template = re.sub(r'\$(Number|Bandwidth)%([^$]+)\$', r'%(\1)\2', media_template)
+                            media_template.replace('$$', '$')
+                            representation_ms_info['segment_urls'] = [
+                                media_template % {
+                                    'Number': segment_number,
+                                    'Bandwidth': representation_attrib.get('bandwidth')}
+                                for segment_number in range(
+                                    representation_ms_info['start_number'],
+                                    representation_ms_info['total_number'] + representation_ms_info['start_number'])]
+                        if 'segment_urls' in representation_ms_info:
+                            f.update({
+                                'segment_urls': representation_ms_info['segment_urls'],
+                                'protocol': 'http_dash_segments',
+                            })
+                            if 'initialization_url' in representation_ms_info:
+                                initialization_url = representation_ms_info['initialization_url'].replace('$RepresentationID$', representation_id)
+                                f.update({
+                                    'initialization_url': initialization_url,
+                                })
+                                if not f.get('url'):
+                                    f['url'] = initialization_url
+                        try:
+                            existing_format = next(
+                                fo for fo in formats
+                                if fo['format_id'] == representation_id)
+                        except StopIteration:
+                            full_info = formats_dict.get(representation_id, {}).copy()
+                            full_info.update(f)
+                            formats.append(full_info)
+                        else:
+                            existing_format.update(f)
+                    else:
+                        self.report_warning('Unknown MIME type %s in DASH manifest' % mime_type)
+        return formats
 
     def _live_title(self, name):
         """ Generate the title for a live video """
         now = datetime.datetime.now()
 
     def _live_title(self, name):
         """ Generate the title for a live video """
         now = datetime.datetime.now()
-        now_str = now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M")
+        now_str = now.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M')
         return name + ' ' + now_str
 
     def _int(self, v, name, fatal=False, **kwargs):
         return name + ' ' + now_str
 
     def _int(self, v, name, fatal=False, **kwargs):
@@ -1085,7 +1611,7 @@ class InfoExtractor(object):
 
     def _get_cookies(self, url):
         """ Return a compat_cookies.SimpleCookie with the cookies for the url """
 
     def _get_cookies(self, url):
         """ Return a compat_cookies.SimpleCookie with the cookies for the url """
-        req = compat_urllib_request.Request(url)
+        req = sanitized_Request(url)
         self._downloader.cookiejar.add_cookie_header(req)
         return compat_cookies.SimpleCookie(req.get_header('Cookie'))
 
         self._downloader.cookiejar.add_cookie_header(req)
         return compat_cookies.SimpleCookie(req.get_header('Cookie'))
 
@@ -1125,7 +1651,24 @@ class InfoExtractor(object):
         return {}
 
     def _get_subtitles(self, *args, **kwargs):
         return {}
 
     def _get_subtitles(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        raise NotImplementedError("This method must be implemented by subclasses")
+        raise NotImplementedError('This method must be implemented by subclasses')
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _merge_subtitle_items(subtitle_list1, subtitle_list2):
+        """ Merge subtitle items for one language. Items with duplicated URLs
+        will be dropped. """
+        list1_urls = set([item['url'] for item in subtitle_list1])
+        ret = list(subtitle_list1)
+        ret.extend([item for item in subtitle_list2 if item['url'] not in list1_urls])
+        return ret
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _merge_subtitles(cls, subtitle_dict1, subtitle_dict2):
+        """ Merge two subtitle dictionaries, language by language. """
+        ret = dict(subtitle_dict1)
+        for lang in subtitle_dict2:
+            ret[lang] = cls._merge_subtitle_items(subtitle_dict1.get(lang, []), subtitle_dict2[lang])
+        return ret
 
     def extract_automatic_captions(self, *args, **kwargs):
         if (self._downloader.params.get('writeautomaticsub', False) or
 
     def extract_automatic_captions(self, *args, **kwargs):
         if (self._downloader.params.get('writeautomaticsub', False) or
@@ -1134,7 +1677,16 @@ class InfoExtractor(object):
         return {}
 
     def _get_automatic_captions(self, *args, **kwargs):
         return {}
 
     def _get_automatic_captions(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        raise NotImplementedError("This method must be implemented by subclasses")
+        raise NotImplementedError('This method must be implemented by subclasses')
+
+    def mark_watched(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        if (self._downloader.params.get('mark_watched', False) and
+                (self._get_login_info()[0] is not None or
+                    self._downloader.params.get('cookiefile') is not None)):
+            self._mark_watched(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def _mark_watched(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        raise NotImplementedError('This method must be implemented by subclasses')
 
 
 class SearchInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
 
 
 class SearchInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
@@ -1174,7 +1726,7 @@ class SearchInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
 
     def _get_n_results(self, query, n):
         """Get a specified number of results for a query"""
 
     def _get_n_results(self, query, n):
         """Get a specified number of results for a query"""
-        raise NotImplementedError("This method must be implemented by subclasses")
+        raise NotImplementedError('This method must be implemented by subclasses')
 
     @property
     def SEARCH_KEY(self):
 
     @property
     def SEARCH_KEY(self):