Merge remote-tracking branch 'jtwaleson/master'
[youtube-dl] / youtube_dl / extractor / youtube.py
index 602be9859dbf533213ee335d7ebc4d46e18a8d2e..4ebc7b7129e0a5d2f04a6a3a01f32018df75b502 100644 (file)
@@ -26,13 +26,14 @@ from ..utils import (
     get_element_by_attribute,
     ExtractorError,
     int_or_none,
-    PagedList,
+    OnDemandPagedList,
     unescapeHTML,
     unified_strdate,
     orderedSet,
     uppercase_escape,
 )
 
+
 class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
     """Provide base functions for Youtube extractors"""
     _LOGIN_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin'
@@ -46,7 +47,7 @@ class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
     def _set_language(self):
         return bool(self._download_webpage(
             self._LANG_URL, None,
-            note=u'Setting language', errnote='unable to set language',
+            note='Setting language', errnote='unable to set language',
             fatal=False))
 
     def _login(self):
@@ -61,13 +62,13 @@ class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
         # No authentication to be performed
         if username is None:
             if self._LOGIN_REQUIRED:
-                raise ExtractorError(u'No login info available, needed for using %s.' % self.IE_NAME, expected=True)
+                raise ExtractorError('No login info available, needed for using %s.' % self.IE_NAME, expected=True)
             return True
 
         login_page = self._download_webpage(
             self._LOGIN_URL, None,
-            note=u'Downloading login page',
-            errnote=u'unable to fetch login page', fatal=False)
+            note='Downloading login page',
+            errnote='unable to fetch login page', fatal=False)
         if login_page is False:
             return
 
@@ -76,41 +77,41 @@ class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
 
         # Log in
         login_form_strs = {
-                'continue': 'https://www.youtube.com/signin?action_handle_signin=true&feature=sign_in_button&hl=en_US&nomobiletemp=1',
-                'Email': username,
-                'GALX': galx,
-                'Passwd': password,
-
-                'PersistentCookie': 'yes',
-                '_utf8': '霱',
-                'bgresponse': 'js_disabled',
-                'checkConnection': '',
-                'checkedDomains': 'youtube',
-                'dnConn': '',
-                'pstMsg': '0',
-                'rmShown': '1',
-                'secTok': '',
-                'signIn': 'Sign in',
-                'timeStmp': '',
-                'service': 'youtube',
-                'uilel': '3',
-                'hl': 'en_US',
+            'continue': 'https://www.youtube.com/signin?action_handle_signin=true&feature=sign_in_button&hl=en_US&nomobiletemp=1',
+            'Email': username,
+            'GALX': galx,
+            'Passwd': password,
+
+            'PersistentCookie': 'yes',
+            '_utf8': '霱',
+            'bgresponse': 'js_disabled',
+            'checkConnection': '',
+            'checkedDomains': 'youtube',
+            'dnConn': '',
+            'pstMsg': '0',
+            'rmShown': '1',
+            'secTok': '',
+            'signIn': 'Sign in',
+            'timeStmp': '',
+            'service': 'youtube',
+            'uilel': '3',
+            'hl': 'en_US',
         }
 
         # Convert to UTF-8 *before* urlencode because Python 2.x's urlencode
         # chokes on unicode
-        login_form = dict((k.encode('utf-8'), v.encode('utf-8')) for k,v in login_form_strs.items())
+        login_form = dict((k.encode('utf-8'), v.encode('utf-8')) for k, v in login_form_strs.items())
         login_data = compat_urllib_parse.urlencode(login_form).encode('ascii')
 
         req = compat_urllib_request.Request(self._LOGIN_URL, login_data)
         login_results = self._download_webpage(
             req, None,
-            note=u'Logging in', errnote=u'unable to log in', fatal=False)
+            note='Logging in', errnote='unable to log in', fatal=False)
         if login_results is False:
             return False
 
         if re.search(r'id="errormsg_0_Passwd"', login_results) is not None:
-            raise ExtractorError(u'Please use your account password and a two-factor code instead of an application-specific password.', expected=True)
+            raise ExtractorError('Please use your account password and a two-factor code instead of an application-specific password.', expected=True)
 
         # Two-Factor
         # TODO add SMS and phone call support - these require making a request and then prompting the user
@@ -119,19 +120,19 @@ class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
             tfa_code = self._get_tfa_info()
 
             if tfa_code is None:
-                self._downloader.report_warning(u'Two-factor authentication required. Provide it with --twofactor <code>')
-                self._downloader.report_warning(u'(Note that only TOTP (Google Authenticator App) codes work at this time.)')
+                self._downloader.report_warning('Two-factor authentication required. Provide it with --twofactor <code>')
+                self._downloader.report_warning('(Note that only TOTP (Google Authenticator App) codes work at this time.)')
                 return False
 
             # Unlike the first login form, secTok and timeStmp are both required for the TFA form
 
             match = re.search(r'id="secTok"\n\s+value=\'(.+)\'/>', login_results, re.M | re.U)
             if match is None:
-                self._downloader.report_warning(u'Failed to get secTok - did the page structure change?')
+                self._downloader.report_warning('Failed to get secTok - did the page structure change?')
             secTok = match.group(1)
             match = re.search(r'id="timeStmp"\n\s+value=\'(.+)\'/>', login_results, re.M | re.U)
             if match is None:
-                self._downloader.report_warning(u'Failed to get timeStmp - did the page structure change?')
+                self._downloader.report_warning('Failed to get timeStmp - did the page structure change?')
             timeStmp = match.group(1)
 
             tfa_form_strs = {
@@ -149,29 +150,29 @@ class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
                 'service': 'youtube',
                 'hl': 'en_US',
             }
-            tfa_form = dict((k.encode('utf-8'), v.encode('utf-8')) for k,v in tfa_form_strs.items())
+            tfa_form = dict((k.encode('utf-8'), v.encode('utf-8')) for k, v in tfa_form_strs.items())
             tfa_data = compat_urllib_parse.urlencode(tfa_form).encode('ascii')
 
             tfa_req = compat_urllib_request.Request(self._TWOFACTOR_URL, tfa_data)
             tfa_results = self._download_webpage(
                 tfa_req, None,
-                note=u'Submitting TFA code', errnote=u'unable to submit tfa', fatal=False)
+                note='Submitting TFA code', errnote='unable to submit tfa', fatal=False)
 
             if tfa_results is False:
                 return False
 
             if re.search(r'(?i)<form[^>]* id="gaia_secondfactorform"', tfa_results) is not None:
-                self._downloader.report_warning(u'Two-factor code expired. Please try again, or use a one-use backup code instead.')
+                self._downloader.report_warning('Two-factor code expired. Please try again, or use a one-use backup code instead.')
                 return False
             if re.search(r'(?i)<form[^>]* id="gaia_loginform"', tfa_results) is not None:
-                self._downloader.report_warning(u'unable to log in - did the page structure change?')
+                self._downloader.report_warning('unable to log in - did the page structure change?')
                 return False
             if re.search(r'smsauth-interstitial-reviewsettings', tfa_results) is not None:
-                self._downloader.report_warning(u'Your Google account has a security notice. Please log in on your web browser, resolve the notice, and try again.')
+                self._downloader.report_warning('Your Google account has a security notice. Please log in on your web browser, resolve the notice, and try again.')
                 return False
 
         if re.search(r'(?i)<form[^>]* id="gaia_loginform"', login_results) is not None:
-            self._downloader.report_warning(u'unable to log in: bad username or password')
+            self._downloader.report_warning('unable to log in: bad username or password')
             return False
         return True
 
@@ -180,19 +181,22 @@ class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
             'next_url': '/',
             'action_confirm': 'Confirm',
         }
-        req = compat_urllib_request.Request(self._AGE_URL,
-            compat_urllib_parse.urlencode(age_form).encode('ascii'))
+        req = compat_urllib_request.Request(
+            self._AGE_URL,
+            compat_urllib_parse.urlencode(age_form).encode('ascii')
+        )
 
         self._download_webpage(
             req, None,
-            note=u'Confirming age', errnote=u'Unable to confirm age')
-        return True
+            note='Confirming age', errnote='Unable to confirm age',
+            fatal=False)
 
     def _real_initialize(self):
         if self._downloader is None:
             return
-        if not self._set_language():
-            return
+        if self._get_login_info()[0] is not None:
+            if not self._set_language():
+                return
         if not self._login():
             return
         self._confirm_age()
@@ -211,7 +215,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, SubtitlesInfoExtractor):
                             youtube\.googleapis\.com/)                        # the various hostnames, with wildcard subdomains
                          (?:.*?\#/)?                                          # handle anchor (#/) redirect urls
                          (?:                                                  # the various things that can precede the ID:
-                             (?:(?:v|embed|e)/)                               # v/ or embed/ or e/
+                             (?:(?:v|embed|e)/(?!videoseries))                # v/ or embed/ or e/
                              |(?:                                             # or the v= param in all its forms
                                  (?:(?:watch|movie)(?:_popup)?(?:\.php)?/?)?  # preceding watch(_popup|.php) or nothing (like /?v=xxxx)
                                  (?:\?|\#!?)                                  # the params delimiter ? or # or #!
@@ -273,6 +277,9 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, SubtitlesInfoExtractor):
         '138': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40},
         '160': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40},
         '264': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40},
+        '298': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40, 'fps': 60, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
+        '299': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40, 'fps': 60, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
+        '266': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 
         # Dash mp4 audio
         '139': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'vcodec': 'none', 'abr': 48, 'preference': -50},
@@ -286,6 +293,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, SubtitlesInfoExtractor):
         '170': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'width': 1920, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'VP8', 'preference': -40},
         '218': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'VP8', 'preference': -40},
         '219': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'VP8', 'preference': -40},
+        '278': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40, 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'VP9'},
         '242': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40},
         '243': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40},
         '244': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40},
@@ -295,11 +303,18 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, SubtitlesInfoExtractor):
         '248': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40},
         '271': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40},
         '272': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40},
+        '302': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40, 'fps': 60, 'vcodec': 'VP9'},
+        '303': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40, 'fps': 60, 'vcodec': 'VP9'},
 
         # Dash webm audio
         '171': {'ext': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'none', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'abr': 128, 'preference': -50},
         '172': {'ext': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'none', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'abr': 256, 'preference': -50},
 
+        # Dash webm audio with opus inside
+        '249': {'ext': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'none', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 50, 'preference': -50},
+        '250': {'ext': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'none', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 70, 'preference': -50},
+        '251': {'ext': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'none', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 160, 'preference': -50},
+
         # RTMP (unnamed)
         '_rtmp': {'protocol': 'rtmp'},
     }
@@ -394,6 +409,19 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, SubtitlesInfoExtractor):
                 'format': '141',
             },
         },
+        # Controversy video
+        {
+            'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T4XJQO3qol8',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': 'T4XJQO3qol8',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'upload_date': '20100909',
+                'uploader': 'The Amazing Atheist',
+                'uploader_id': 'TheAmazingAtheist',
+                'title': 'Burning Everyone\'s Koran',
+                'description': 'SUBSCRIBE: http://www.youtube.com/saturninefilms\n\nEven Obama has taken a stand against freedom on this issue: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/09/09/obama-gma-interview-quran_n_710282.html',
+            }
+        }
     ]
 
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
@@ -402,19 +430,19 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, SubtitlesInfoExtractor):
 
     def report_video_info_webpage_download(self, video_id):
         """Report attempt to download video info webpage."""
-        self.to_screen(u'%s: Downloading video info webpage' % video_id)
+        self.to_screen('%s: Downloading video info webpage' % video_id)
 
     def report_information_extraction(self, video_id):
         """Report attempt to extract video information."""
-        self.to_screen(u'%s: Extracting video information' % video_id)
+        self.to_screen('%s: Extracting video information' % video_id)
 
     def report_unavailable_format(self, video_id, format):
         """Report extracted video URL."""
-        self.to_screen(u'%s: Format %s not available' % (video_id, format))
+        self.to_screen('%s: Format %s not available' % (video_id, format))
 
     def report_rtmp_download(self):
         """Indicate the download will use the RTMP protocol."""
-        self.to_screen(u'RTMP download detected')
+        self.to_screen('RTMP download detected')
 
     def _signature_cache_id(self, example_sig):
         """ Return a string representation of a signature """
@@ -434,21 +462,21 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, SubtitlesInfoExtractor):
             player_type, player_id, self._signature_cache_id(example_sig))
         assert os.path.basename(func_id) == func_id
 
-        cache_spec = self._downloader.cache.load(u'youtube-sigfuncs', func_id)
+        cache_spec = self._downloader.cache.load('youtube-sigfuncs', func_id)
         if cache_spec is not None:
             return lambda s: ''.join(s[i] for i in cache_spec)
 
         if player_type == 'js':
             code = self._download_webpage(
                 player_url, video_id,
-                note=u'Downloading %s player %s' % (player_type, player_id),
-                errnote=u'Download of %s failed' % player_url)
+                note='Downloading %s player %s' % (player_type, player_id),
+                errnote='Download of %s failed' % player_url)
             res = self._parse_sig_js(code)
         elif player_type == 'swf':
             urlh = self._request_webpage(
                 player_url, video_id,
-                note=u'Downloading %s player %s' % (player_type, player_id),
-                errnote=u'Download of %s failed' % player_url)
+                note='Downloading %s player %s' % (player_type, player_id),
+                errnote='Download of %s failed' % player_url)
             code = urlh.read()
             res = self._parse_sig_swf(code)
         else:
@@ -459,15 +487,15 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, SubtitlesInfoExtractor):
             cache_res = res(test_string)
             cache_spec = [ord(c) for c in cache_res]
 
-        self._downloader.cache.store(u'youtube-sigfuncs', func_id, cache_spec)
+        self._downloader.cache.store('youtube-sigfuncs', func_id, cache_spec)
         return res
 
     def _print_sig_code(self, func, example_sig):
         def gen_sig_code(idxs):
             def _genslice(start, end, step):
                 starts = '' if start == 0 else str(start)
-                ends = (u':%d' % (end+step)) if end + step >= 0 else ':'
-                steps = '' if step == 1 else (u':%d' % step)
+                ends = (':%d' % (end + step)) if end + step >= 0 else ':'
+                steps = '' if step == 1 else (':%d' % step)
                 return 's[%s%s%s]' % (starts, ends, steps)
 
             step = None
@@ -497,14 +525,14 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, SubtitlesInfoExtractor):
         expr_code = ' + '.join(gen_sig_code(cache_spec))
         signature_id_tuple = '(%s)' % (
             ', '.join(compat_str(len(p)) for p in example_sig.split('.')))
-        code = (u'if tuple(len(p) for p in s.split(\'.\')) == %s:\n'
+        code = ('if tuple(len(p) for p in s.split(\'.\')) == %s:\n'
                 '    return %s\n') % (signature_id_tuple, expr_code)
-        self.to_screen(u'Extracted signature function:\n' + code)
+        self.to_screen('Extracted signature function:\n' + code)
 
     def _parse_sig_js(self, jscode):
         funcname = self._search_regex(
-            r'signature=([$a-zA-Z]+)', jscode,
-             'Initial JS player signature function name')
+            r'\.sig\|\|([a-zA-Z0-9]+)\(', jscode,
+            'Initial JS player signature function name')
 
         jsi = JSInterpreter(jscode)
         initial_function = jsi.extract_function(funcname)
@@ -521,9 +549,9 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, SubtitlesInfoExtractor):
         """Turn the encrypted s field into a working signature"""
 
         if player_url is None:
-            raise ExtractorError(u'Cannot decrypt signature without player_url')
+            raise ExtractorError('Cannot decrypt signature without player_url')
 
-        if player_url.startswith(u'//'):
+        if player_url.startswith('//'):
             player_url = 'https:' + player_url
         try:
             player_id = (player_url, self._signature_cache_id(s))
@@ -547,7 +575,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, SubtitlesInfoExtractor):
                 'https://video.google.com/timedtext?hl=en&type=list&v=%s' % video_id,
                 video_id, note=False)
         except ExtractorError as err:
-            self._downloader.report_warning(u'unable to download video subtitles: %s' % compat_str(err))
+            self._downloader.report_warning('unable to download video subtitles: %s' % compat_str(err))
             return {}
         lang_list = re.findall(r'name="([^"]*)"[^>]+lang_code="([\w\-]+)"', sub_list)
 
@@ -565,7 +593,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, SubtitlesInfoExtractor):
             url = 'https://www.youtube.com/api/timedtext?' + params
             sub_lang_list[lang] = url
         if not sub_lang_list:
-            self._downloader.report_warning(u'video doesn\'t have subtitles')
+            self._downloader.report_warning('video doesn\'t have subtitles')
             return {}
         return sub_lang_list
 
@@ -573,7 +601,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, SubtitlesInfoExtractor):
         """We need the webpage for getting the captions url, pass it as an
            argument to speed up the process."""
         sub_format = self._downloader.params.get('subtitlesformat', 'srt')
-        self.to_screen(u'%s: Looking for automatic captions' % video_id)
+        self.to_screen('%s: Looking for automatic captions' % video_id)
         mobj = re.search(r';ytplayer.config = ({.*?});', webpage)
         err_msg = 'Couldn\'t find automatic captions for %s' % video_id
         if mobj is None:
@@ -593,8 +621,8 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, SubtitlesInfoExtractor):
             list_url = caption_url + '&' + list_params
             caption_list = self._download_xml(list_url, video_id)
             original_lang_node = caption_list.find('track')
-            if original_lang_node is None or original_lang_node.attrib.get('kind') != 'asr' :
-                self._downloader.report_warning(u'Video doesn\'t have automatic captions')
+            if original_lang_node is None or original_lang_node.attrib.get('kind') != 'asr':
+                self._downloader.report_warning('Video doesn\'t have automatic captions')
                 return {}
             original_lang = original_lang_node.attrib['lang_code']
 
@@ -620,16 +648,17 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, SubtitlesInfoExtractor):
     def extract_id(cls, url):
         mobj = re.match(cls._VALID_URL, url, re.VERBOSE)
         if mobj is None:
-            raise ExtractorError(u'Invalid URL: %s' % url)
+            raise ExtractorError('Invalid URL: %s' % url)
         video_id = mobj.group(2)
         return video_id
 
     def _extract_from_m3u8(self, manifest_url, video_id):
         url_map = {}
+
         def _get_urls(_manifest):
             lines = _manifest.split('\n')
             urls = filter(lambda l: l and not l.startswith('#'),
-                            lines)
+                          lines)
             return urls
         manifest = self._download_webpage(manifest_url, video_id, 'Downloading formats manifest')
         formats_urls = _get_urls(manifest)
@@ -640,7 +669,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, SubtitlesInfoExtractor):
 
     def _extract_annotations(self, video_id):
         url = 'https://www.youtube.com/annotations_invideo?features=1&legacy=1&video_id=%s' % video_id
-        return self._download_webpage(url, video_id, note=u'Searching for annotations.', errnote=u'Unable to download video annotations.')
+        return self._download_webpage(url, video_id, note='Searching for annotations.', errnote='Unable to download video annotations.')
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         proto = (
@@ -654,7 +683,17 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, SubtitlesInfoExtractor):
         video_id = self.extract_id(url)
 
         # Get video webpage
-        url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s&gl=US&hl=en&has_verified=1' % video_id
+        url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s&gl=US&hl=en&has_verified=1&bpctr=9999999999' % video_id
+        pref_cookies = [
+            c for c in self._downloader.cookiejar
+            if c.domain == '.youtube.com' and c.name == 'PREF']
+        for pc in pref_cookies:
+            if 'hl=' in pc.value:
+                pc.value = re.sub(r'hl=[^&]+', 'hl=en', pc.value)
+            else:
+                if pc.value:
+                    pc.value += '&'
+                pc.value += 'hl=en'
         video_webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
 
         # Attempt to extract SWF player URL
@@ -667,7 +706,6 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, SubtitlesInfoExtractor):
         # Get video info
         self.report_video_info_webpage_download(video_id)
         if re.search(r'player-age-gate-content">', video_webpage) is not None:
-            self.report_age_confirmation()
             age_gate = True
             # We simulate the access to the video from www.youtube.com/v/{video_id}
             # this can be viewed without login into Youtube
@@ -675,21 +713,22 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, SubtitlesInfoExtractor):
                 'video_id': video_id,
                 'eurl': 'https://youtube.googleapis.com/v/' + video_id,
                 'sts': self._search_regex(
-                    r'"sts"\s*:\s*(\d+)', video_webpage, 'sts'),
+                    r'"sts"\s*:\s*(\d+)', video_webpage, 'sts', default=''),
             })
             video_info_url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/get_video_info?' + data
-            video_info_webpage = self._download_webpage(video_info_url, video_id,
-                                    note=False,
-                                    errnote='unable to download video info webpage')
+            video_info_webpage = self._download_webpage(
+                video_info_url, video_id,
+                note='Refetching age-gated info webpage',
+                errnote='unable to download video info webpage')
             video_info = compat_parse_qs(video_info_webpage)
         else:
             age_gate = False
             for el_type in ['&el=embedded', '&el=detailpage', '&el=vevo', '']:
                 video_info_url = (proto + '://www.youtube.com/get_video_info?&video_id=%s%s&ps=default&eurl=&gl=US&hl=en'
-                        % (video_id, el_type))
+                                  % (video_id, el_type))
                 video_info_webpage = self._download_webpage(video_info_url, video_id,
-                                        note=False,
-                                        errnote='unable to download video info webpage')
+                                                            note=False,
+                                                            errnote='unable to download video info webpage')
                 video_info = compat_parse_qs(video_info_webpage)
                 if 'token' in video_info:
                     break
@@ -710,14 +749,14 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, SubtitlesInfoExtractor):
 
         # Check for "rental" videos
         if 'ypc_video_rental_bar_text' in video_info and 'author' not in video_info:
-            raise ExtractorError(u'"rental" videos not supported')
+            raise ExtractorError('"rental" videos not supported')
 
         # Start extracting information
         self.report_information_extraction(video_id)
 
         # uploader
         if 'author' not in video_info:
-            raise ExtractorError(u'Unable to extract uploader name')
+            raise ExtractorError('Unable to extract uploader name')
         video_uploader = compat_urllib_parse.unquote_plus(video_info['author'][0])
 
         # uploader_id
@@ -726,13 +765,13 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, SubtitlesInfoExtractor):
         if mobj is not None:
             video_uploader_id = mobj.group(1)
         else:
-            self._downloader.report_warning(u'unable to extract uploader nickname')
+            self._downloader.report_warning('unable to extract uploader nickname')
 
         # title
         if 'title' in video_info:
             video_title = video_info['title'][0]
         else:
-            self._downloader.report_warning(u'Unable to extract video title')
+            self._downloader.report_warning('Unable to extract video title')
             video_title = '_'
 
         # thumbnail image
@@ -742,7 +781,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, SubtitlesInfoExtractor):
         if m_thumb is not None:
             video_thumbnail = m_thumb.group(1)
         elif 'thumbnail_url' not in video_info:
-            self._downloader.report_warning(u'unable to extract video thumbnail')
+            self._downloader.report_warning('unable to extract video thumbnail')
             video_thumbnail = None
         else:   # don't panic if we can't find it
             video_thumbnail = compat_urllib_parse.unquote_plus(video_info['thumbnail_url'][0])
@@ -796,8 +835,8 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, SubtitlesInfoExtractor):
             if count is not None:
                 return int(count.replace(',', ''))
             return None
-        like_count = _extract_count(u'like')
-        dislike_count = _extract_count(u'dislike')
+        like_count = _extract_count('like')
+        dislike_count = _extract_count('dislike')
 
         # subtitles
         video_subtitles = self.extract_subtitles(video_id, video_webpage)
@@ -807,7 +846,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, SubtitlesInfoExtractor):
             return
 
         if 'length_seconds' not in video_info:
-            self._downloader.report_warning(u'unable to extract video duration')
+            self._downloader.report_warning('unable to extract video duration')
             video_duration = None
         else:
             video_duration = int(compat_urllib_parse.unquote_plus(video_info['length_seconds'][0]))
@@ -815,7 +854,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, SubtitlesInfoExtractor):
         # annotations
         video_annotations = None
         if self._downloader.params.get('writeannotations', False):
-                video_annotations = self._extract_annotations(video_id)
+            video_annotations = self._extract_annotations(video_id)
 
         # Decide which formats to download
         try:
@@ -828,11 +867,11 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, SubtitlesInfoExtractor):
             # Easy way to know if the 's' value is in url_encoded_fmt_stream_map
             # this signatures are encrypted
             if 'url_encoded_fmt_stream_map' not in args:
-                raise ValueError(u'No stream_map present')  # caught below
+                raise ValueError('No stream_map present')  # caught below
             re_signature = re.compile(r'[&,]s=')
             m_s = re_signature.search(args['url_encoded_fmt_stream_map'])
             if m_s is not None:
-                self.to_screen(u'%s: Encrypted signatures detected.' % video_id)
+                self.to_screen('%s: Encrypted signatures detected.' % video_id)
                 video_info['url_encoded_fmt_stream_map'] = [args['url_encoded_fmt_stream_map']]
             m_s = re_signature.search(args.get('adaptive_fmts', ''))
             if m_s is not None:
@@ -865,7 +904,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, SubtitlesInfoExtractor):
                 'player_url': player_url,
             }]
         elif len(video_info.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map', [])) >= 1 or len(video_info.get('adaptive_fmts', [])) >= 1:
-            encoded_url_map = video_info.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map', [''])[0] + ',' + video_info.get('adaptive_fmts',[''])[0]
+            encoded_url_map = video_info.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map', [''])[0] + ',' + video_info.get('adaptive_fmts', [''])[0]
             if 'rtmpe%3Dyes' in encoded_url_map:
                 raise ExtractorError('rtmpe downloads are not supported, see https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/343 for more information.', expected=True)
             url_map = {}
@@ -910,8 +949,8 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, SubtitlesInfoExtractor):
                                 player_desc = 'html5 player %s' % player_version
 
                         parts_sizes = self._signature_cache_id(encrypted_sig)
-                        self.to_screen(u'{%s} signature length %s, %s' %
-                            (format_id, parts_sizes, player_desc))
+                        self.to_screen('{%s} signature length %s, %s' %
+                                       (format_id, parts_sizes, player_desc))
 
                     signature = self._decrypt_signature(
                         encrypted_sig, video_id, player_url, age_gate)
@@ -925,10 +964,10 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, SubtitlesInfoExtractor):
             url_map = self._extract_from_m3u8(manifest_url, video_id)
             formats = _map_to_format_list(url_map)
         else:
-            raise ExtractorError(u'no conn, hlsvp or url_encoded_fmt_stream_map information found in video info')
+            raise ExtractorError('no conn, hlsvp or url_encoded_fmt_stream_map information found in video info')
 
         # Look for the DASH manifest
-        if (self._downloader.params.get('youtube_include_dash_manifest', False)):
+        if self._downloader.params.get('youtube_include_dash_manifest', True):
             try:
                 # The DASH manifest used needs to be the one from the original video_webpage.
                 # The one found in get_video_info seems to be using different signatures.
@@ -939,6 +978,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, SubtitlesInfoExtractor):
                     dash_manifest_url = video_info.get('dashmpd')[0]
                 else:
                     dash_manifest_url = ytplayer_config['args']['dashmpd']
+
                 def decrypt_sig(mobj):
                     s = mobj.group(1)
                     dec_s = self._decrypt_signature(s, video_id, player_url, age_gate)
@@ -946,9 +986,9 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, SubtitlesInfoExtractor):
                 dash_manifest_url = re.sub(r'/s/([\w\.]+)', decrypt_sig, dash_manifest_url)
                 dash_doc = self._download_xml(
                     dash_manifest_url, video_id,
-                    note=u'Downloading DASH manifest',
-                    errnote=u'Could not download DASH manifest')
-                for r in dash_doc.findall(u'.//{urn:mpeg:DASH:schema:MPD:2011}Representation'):
+                    note='Downloading DASH manifest',
+                    errnote='Could not download DASH manifest')
+                for r in dash_doc.findall('.//{urn:mpeg:DASH:schema:MPD:2011}Representation'):
                     url_el = r.find('{urn:mpeg:DASH:schema:MPD:2011}BaseURL')
                     if url_el is None:
                         continue
@@ -974,30 +1014,31 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, SubtitlesInfoExtractor):
                         existing_format.update(f)
 
             except (ExtractorError, KeyError) as e:
-                self.report_warning(u'Skipping DASH manifest: %s' % e, video_id)
+                self.report_warning('Skipping DASH manifest: %r' % e, video_id)
 
         self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
-            'id':           video_id,
-            'uploader':     video_uploader,
-            'uploader_id':  video_uploader_id,
-            'upload_date':  upload_date,
-            'title':        video_title,
-            'thumbnail':    video_thumbnail,
-            'description':  video_description,
-            'categories':   video_categories,
-            'subtitles':    video_subtitles,
-            'duration':     video_duration,
-            'age_limit':    18 if age_gate else 0,
-            'annotations':  video_annotations,
+            'id': video_id,
+            'uploader': video_uploader,
+            'uploader_id': video_uploader_id,
+            'upload_date': upload_date,
+            'title': video_title,
+            'thumbnail': video_thumbnail,
+            'description': video_description,
+            'categories': video_categories,
+            'subtitles': video_subtitles,
+            'duration': video_duration,
+            'age_limit': 18 if age_gate else 0,
+            'annotations': video_annotations,
             'webpage_url': proto + '://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s' % video_id,
-            'view_count':   view_count,
+            'view_count': view_count,
             'like_count': like_count,
             'dislike_count': dislike_count,
-            'formats':      formats,
+            'formats': formats,
         }
 
+
 class YoutubePlaylistIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com playlists'
     _VALID_URL = r"""(?x)(?:
@@ -1005,13 +1046,13 @@ class YoutubePlaylistIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                         (?:\w+\.)?
                         youtube\.com/
                         (?:
-                           (?:course|view_play_list|my_playlists|artist|playlist|watch)
+                           (?:course|view_play_list|my_playlists|artist|playlist|watch|embed/videoseries)
                            \? (?:.*?&)*? (?:p|a|list)=
                         |  p/
                         )
                         (
                             (?:PL|LL|EC|UU|FL|RD)?[0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,}
-                            # Top tracks, they can also include dots 
+                            # Top tracks, they can also include dots
                             |(?:MC)[\w\.]*
                         )
                         .*
@@ -1026,6 +1067,7 @@ class YoutubePlaylistIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re',
         'info_dict': {
             'title': 'ytdl test PL',
+            'id': 'PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re',
         },
         'playlist_count': 3,
     }, {
@@ -1045,7 +1087,7 @@ class YoutubePlaylistIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
         'note': 'issue #673',
         'url': 'PLBB231211A4F62143',
         'info_dict': {
-            'title': 'Team Fortress 2 (Class-based LP)',
+            'title': '[OLD]Team Fortress 2 (Class-based LP)',
         },
         'playlist_mincount': 26,
     }, {
@@ -1061,6 +1103,20 @@ class YoutubePlaylistIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
             'title': 'YDL_safe_search',
         },
         'playlist_count': 2,
+    }, {
+        'note': 'embedded',
+        'url': 'http://www.youtube.com/embed/videoseries?list=PL6IaIsEjSbf96XFRuNccS_RuEXwNdsoEu',
+        'playlist_count': 4,
+        'info_dict': {
+            'title': 'JODA15',
+        }
+    }, {
+        'note': 'Embedded SWF player',
+        'url': 'http://www.youtube.com/p/YN5VISEtHet5D4NEvfTd0zcgFk84NqFZ?hl=en_US&fs=1&rel=0',
+        'playlist_count': 4,
+        'info_dict': {
+            'title': 'JODA7',
+        }
     }]
 
     def _real_initialize(self):
@@ -1095,7 +1151,7 @@ class YoutubePlaylistIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
         # Extract playlist id
         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
         if mobj is None:
-            raise ExtractorError(u'Invalid URL: %s' % url)
+            raise ExtractorError('Invalid URL: %s' % url)
         playlist_id = mobj.group(1) or mobj.group(2)
 
         # Check if it's a video-specific URL
@@ -1103,17 +1159,17 @@ class YoutubePlaylistIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
         if 'v' in query_dict:
             video_id = query_dict['v'][0]
             if self._downloader.params.get('noplaylist'):
-                self.to_screen(u'Downloading just video %s because of --no-playlist' % video_id)
+                self.to_screen('Downloading just video %s because of --no-playlist' % video_id)
                 return self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id)
             else:
-                self.to_screen(u'Downloading playlist %s - add --no-playlist to just download video %s' % (playlist_id, video_id))
+                self.to_screen('Downloading playlist %s - add --no-playlist to just download video %s' % (playlist_id, video_id))
 
         if playlist_id.startswith('RD'):
             # Mixes require a custom extraction process
             return self._extract_mix(playlist_id)
         if playlist_id.startswith('TL'):
-            raise ExtractorError(u'For downloading YouTube.com top lists, use '
-                'the "yttoplist" keyword, for example "youtube-dl \'yttoplist:music:Top Tracks\'"', expected=True)
+            raise ExtractorError('For downloading YouTube.com top lists, use '
+                                 'the "yttoplist" keyword, for example "youtube-dl \'yttoplist:music:Top Tracks\'"', expected=True)
 
         url = self._TEMPLATE_URL % playlist_id
         page = self._download_webpage(url, playlist_id)
@@ -1157,21 +1213,30 @@ class YoutubePlaylistIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
 
 class YoutubeTopListIE(YoutubePlaylistIE):
     IE_NAME = 'youtube:toplist'
-    IE_DESC = (u'YouTube.com top lists, "yttoplist:{channel}:{list title}"'
-        ' (Example: "yttoplist:music:Top Tracks")')
+    IE_DESC = ('YouTube.com top lists, "yttoplist:{channel}:{list title}"'
+               ' (Example: "yttoplist:music:Top Tracks")')
     _VALID_URL = r'yttoplist:(?P<chann>.*?):(?P<title>.*?)$'
-    _TESTS = []
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'yttoplist:music:Trending',
+        'playlist_mincount': 5,
+        'skip': 'Only works for logged-in users',
+    }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
         channel = mobj.group('chann')
         title = mobj.group('title')
         query = compat_urllib_parse.urlencode({'title': title})
-        playlist_re = 'href="([^"]+?%s.*?)"' % re.escape(query)
-        channel_page = self._download_webpage('https://www.youtube.com/%s' % channel, title)
-        link = self._html_search_regex(playlist_re, channel_page, 'list')
+        channel_page = self._download_webpage(
+            'https://www.youtube.com/%s' % channel, title)
+        link = self._html_search_regex(
+            r'''(?x)
+                <a\s+href="([^"]+)".*?>\s*
+                <span\s+class="branded-page-module-title-text">\s*
+                <span[^>]*>.*?%s.*?</span>''' % re.escape(query),
+            channel_page, 'list')
         url = compat_urlparse.urljoin('https://www.youtube.com/', link)
-        
+
         video_re = r'data-index="\d+".*?data-video-id="([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})"'
         ids = []
         # sometimes the webpage doesn't contain the videos
@@ -1195,6 +1260,11 @@ class YoutubeChannelIE(InfoExtractor):
     _MORE_PAGES_INDICATOR = 'yt-uix-load-more'
     _MORE_PAGES_URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/c4_browse_ajax?action_load_more_videos=1&flow=list&paging=%s&view=0&sort=da&channel_id=%s'
     IE_NAME = 'youtube:channel'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'note': 'paginated channel',
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
+        'playlist_mincount': 91,
+    }]
 
     def extract_videos_from_page(self, page):
         ids_in_page = []
@@ -1207,7 +1277,7 @@ class YoutubeChannelIE(InfoExtractor):
         # Extract channel id
         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
         if mobj is None:
-            raise ExtractorError(u'Invalid URL: %s' % url)
+            raise ExtractorError('Invalid URL: %s' % url)
 
         # Download channel page
         channel_id = mobj.group(1)
@@ -1229,16 +1299,16 @@ class YoutubeChannelIE(InfoExtractor):
             for pagenum in itertools.count(1):
                 url = self._MORE_PAGES_URL % (pagenum, channel_id)
                 page = self._download_json(
-                    url, channel_id, note=u'Downloading page #%s' % pagenum,
+                    url, channel_id, note='Downloading page #%s' % pagenum,
                     transform_source=uppercase_escape)
 
                 ids_in_page = self.extract_videos_from_page(page['content_html'])
                 video_ids.extend(ids_in_page)
-    
+
                 if self._MORE_PAGES_INDICATOR not in page['load_more_widget_html']:
                     break
 
-        self._downloader.to_screen(u'[youtube] Channel %s: Found %i videos' % (channel_id, len(video_ids)))
+        self._downloader.to_screen('[youtube] Channel %s: Found %i videos' % (channel_id, len(video_ids)))
 
         url_entries = [self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id)
                        for video_id in video_ids]
@@ -1253,19 +1323,32 @@ class YoutubeUserIE(InfoExtractor):
     _GDATA_URL = 'https://gdata.youtube.com/feeds/api/users/%s/uploads?max-results=%d&start-index=%d&alt=json'
     IE_NAME = 'youtube:user'
 
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/TheLinuxFoundation',
+        'playlist_mincount': 320,
+        'info_dict': {
+            'title': 'TheLinuxFoundation',
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'ytuser:phihag',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }]
+
     @classmethod
     def suitable(cls, url):
         # Don't return True if the url can be extracted with other youtube
         # extractor, the regex would is too permissive and it would match.
         other_ies = iter(klass for (name, klass) in globals().items() if name.endswith('IE') and klass is not cls)
-        if any(ie.suitable(url) for ie in other_ies): return False
-        else: return super(YoutubeUserIE, cls).suitable(url)
+        if any(ie.suitable(url) for ie in other_ies):
+            return False
+        else:
+            return super(YoutubeUserIE, cls).suitable(url)
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         # Extract username
         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
         if mobj is None:
-            raise ExtractorError(u'Invalid URL: %s' % url)
+            raise ExtractorError('Invalid URL: %s' % url)
 
         username = mobj.group(1)
 
@@ -1286,7 +1369,7 @@ class YoutubeUserIE(InfoExtractor):
             try:
                 response = json.loads(page)
             except ValueError as err:
-                raise ExtractorError(u'Invalid JSON in API response: ' + compat_str(err))
+                raise ExtractorError('Invalid JSON in API response: ' + compat_str(err))
             if 'entry' not in response['feed']:
                 return
 
@@ -1302,7 +1385,7 @@ class YoutubeUserIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'id': video_id,
                     'title': title,
                 }
-        url_results = PagedList(download_page, self._GDATA_PAGE_SIZE)
+        url_results = OnDemandPagedList(download_page, self._GDATA_PAGE_SIZE)
 
         return self.playlist_result(url_results, playlist_title=username)
 
@@ -1327,9 +1410,9 @@ class YoutubeSearchIE(SearchInfoExtractor):
                 compat_urllib_parse.quote_plus(query.encode('utf-8')),
                 (PAGE_SIZE * pagenum) + 1)
             data_json = self._download_webpage(
-                result_url, video_id=u'query "%s"' % query,
-                note=u'Downloading page %s' % (pagenum + 1),
-                errnote=u'Unable to download API page')
+                result_url, video_id='query "%s"' % query,
+                note='Downloading page %s' % (pagenum + 1),
+                errnote='Unable to download API page')
             data = json.loads(data_json)
             api_response = data['data']
 
@@ -1361,6 +1444,13 @@ class YoutubeSearchURLIE(InfoExtractor):
     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com search URLs'
     IE_NAME = 'youtube:search_url'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/results\?(.*?&)?search_query=(?P<query>[^&]+)(?:[&]|$)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/results?baz=bar&search_query=youtube-dl+test+video&filters=video&lclk=video',
+        'playlist_mincount': 5,
+        'info_dict': {
+            'title': 'youtube-dl test video',
+        }
+    }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
@@ -1395,17 +1485,38 @@ class YoutubeSearchURLIE(InfoExtractor):
 
 class YoutubeShowIE(InfoExtractor):
     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com (multi-season) shows'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://www\.youtube\.com/show/(.*)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://www\.youtube\.com/show/(?P<id>[^?#]*)'
     IE_NAME = 'youtube:show'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'http://www.youtube.com/show/airdisasters',
+        'playlist_mincount': 3,
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'airdisasters',
+            'title': 'Air Disasters',
+        }
+    }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
-        show_name = mobj.group(1)
-        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, show_name, 'Downloading show webpage')
+        playlist_id = mobj.group('id')
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(
+            url, playlist_id, 'Downloading show webpage')
         # There's one playlist for each season of the show
         m_seasons = list(re.finditer(r'href="(/playlist\?list=.*?)"', webpage))
-        self.to_screen(u'%s: Found %s seasons' % (show_name, len(m_seasons)))
-        return [self.url_result('https://www.youtube.com' + season.group(1), 'YoutubePlaylist') for season in m_seasons]
+        self.to_screen('%s: Found %s seasons' % (playlist_id, len(m_seasons)))
+        entries = [
+            self.url_result(
+                'https://www.youtube.com' + season.group(1), 'YoutubePlaylist')
+            for season in m_seasons
+        ]
+        title = self._og_search_title(webpage, fatal=False)
+
+        return {
+            '_type': 'playlist',
+            'id': playlist_id,
+            'title': title,
+            'entries': entries,
+        }
 
 
 class YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
@@ -1437,8 +1548,8 @@ class YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
         paging = 0
         for i in itertools.count(1):
             info = self._download_json(self._FEED_TEMPLATE % paging,
-                                          '%s feed' % self._FEED_NAME,
-                                          'Downloading page %s' % i)
+                                       '%s feed' % self._FEED_NAME,
+                                       'Downloading page %s' % i)
             feed_html = info.get('feed_html') or info.get('content_html')
             load_more_widget_html = info.get('load_more_widget_html') or feed_html
             m_ids = re.finditer(r'"/watch\?v=(.*?)["&]', feed_html)
@@ -1454,29 +1565,33 @@ class YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
             paging = mobj.group('paging')
         return self.playlist_result(feed_entries, playlist_title=self._PLAYLIST_TITLE)
 
+
 class YoutubeRecommendedIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
-    IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com recommended videos, "ytrec" keyword (requires authentication)'
+    IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com recommended videos, ":ytrec" for short (requires authentication)'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://www\.youtube\.com/feed/recommended|:ytrec(?:ommended)?'
     _FEED_NAME = 'recommended'
     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = 'Youtube Recommended videos'
 
+
 class YoutubeWatchLaterIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
-    IE_DESC = 'Youtube watch later list, "ytwatchlater" keyword (requires authentication)'
+    IE_DESC = 'Youtube watch later list, ":ytwatchlater" for short (requires authentication)'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://www\.youtube\.com/feed/watch_later|:ytwatchlater'
     _FEED_NAME = 'watch_later'
     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = 'Youtube Watch Later'
     _PERSONAL_FEED = True
 
+
 class YoutubeHistoryIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
-    IE_DESC = 'Youtube watch history, "ythistory" keyword (requires authentication)'
+    IE_DESC = 'Youtube watch history, ":ythistory" for short (requires authentication)'
     _VALID_URL = 'https?://www\.youtube\.com/feed/history|:ythistory'
     _FEED_NAME = 'history'
     _PERSONAL_FEED = True
     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = 'Youtube Watch History'
 
+
 class YoutubeFavouritesIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
     IE_NAME = 'youtube:favorites'
-    IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com favourite videos, "ytfav" keyword (requires authentication)'
+    IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com favourite videos, ":ytfav" for short (requires authentication)'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://www\.youtube\.com/my_favorites|:ytfav(?:ou?rites)?'
     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = True