Regenerate PendingHTLCsForwardable on reload instead of serializing
[rust-lightning] / lightning / src / util / events.rs
1 // This file is Copyright its original authors, visible in version control
2 // history.
3 //
4 // This file is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE
5 // or http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
6 // <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your option.
7 // You may not use this file except in accordance with one or both of these
8 // licenses.
9
10 //! Events are returned from various bits in the library which indicate some action must be taken
11 //! by the client.
12 //!
13 //! Because we don't have a built-in runtime, it's up to the client to call events at a time in the
14 //! future, as well as generate and broadcast funding transactions handle payment preimages and a
15 //! few other things.
16
17 use chain::keysinterface::SpendableOutputDescriptor;
18 use ln::msgs;
19 use ln::{PaymentPreimage, PaymentHash, PaymentSecret};
20 use routing::network_graph::NetworkUpdate;
21 use util::ser::{Writeable, Writer, MaybeReadable, Readable, VecReadWrapper, VecWriteWrapper};
22
23 use bitcoin::blockdata::script::Script;
24
25 use bitcoin::secp256k1::key::PublicKey;
26
27 use io;
28 use prelude::*;
29 use core::time::Duration;
30 use core::ops::Deref;
31
32 /// Some information provided on receipt of payment depends on whether the payment received is a
33 /// spontaneous payment or a "conventional" lightning payment that's paying an invoice.
34 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
35 pub enum PaymentPurpose {
36         /// Information for receiving a payment that we generated an invoice for.
37         InvoicePayment {
38                 /// The preimage to the payment_hash, if the payment hash (and secret) were fetched via
39                 /// [`ChannelManager::create_inbound_payment`]. If provided, this can be handed directly to
40                 /// [`ChannelManager::claim_funds`].
41                 ///
42                 /// [`ChannelManager::create_inbound_payment`]: crate::ln::channelmanager::ChannelManager::create_inbound_payment
43                 /// [`ChannelManager::claim_funds`]: crate::ln::channelmanager::ChannelManager::claim_funds
44                 payment_preimage: Option<PaymentPreimage>,
45                 /// The "payment secret". This authenticates the sender to the recipient, preventing a
46                 /// number of deanonymization attacks during the routing process.
47                 /// It is provided here for your reference, however its accuracy is enforced directly by
48                 /// [`ChannelManager`] using the values you previously provided to
49                 /// [`ChannelManager::create_inbound_payment`] or
50                 /// [`ChannelManager::create_inbound_payment_for_hash`].
51                 ///
52                 /// [`ChannelManager`]: crate::ln::channelmanager::ChannelManager
53                 /// [`ChannelManager::create_inbound_payment`]: crate::ln::channelmanager::ChannelManager::create_inbound_payment
54                 /// [`ChannelManager::create_inbound_payment_for_hash`]: crate::ln::channelmanager::ChannelManager::create_inbound_payment_for_hash
55                 payment_secret: PaymentSecret,
56                 /// This is the `user_payment_id` which was provided to
57                 /// [`ChannelManager::create_inbound_payment_for_hash`] or
58                 /// [`ChannelManager::create_inbound_payment`]. It has no meaning inside of LDK and is
59                 /// simply copied here. It may be used to correlate PaymentReceived events with invoice
60                 /// metadata stored elsewhere.
61                 ///
62                 /// [`ChannelManager::create_inbound_payment`]: crate::ln::channelmanager::ChannelManager::create_inbound_payment
63                 /// [`ChannelManager::create_inbound_payment_for_hash`]: crate::ln::channelmanager::ChannelManager::create_inbound_payment_for_hash
64                 user_payment_id: u64,
65         },
66         /// Because this is a spontaneous payment, the payer generated their own preimage rather than us
67         /// (the payee) providing a preimage.
68         SpontaneousPayment(PaymentPreimage),
69 }
70
71 /// An Event which you should probably take some action in response to.
72 ///
73 /// Note that while Writeable and Readable are implemented for Event, you probably shouldn't use
74 /// them directly as they don't round-trip exactly (for example FundingGenerationReady is never
75 /// written as it makes no sense to respond to it after reconnecting to peers).
76 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
77 pub enum Event {
78         /// Used to indicate that the client should generate a funding transaction with the given
79         /// parameters and then call ChannelManager::funding_transaction_generated.
80         /// Generated in ChannelManager message handling.
81         /// Note that *all inputs* in the funding transaction must spend SegWit outputs or your
82         /// counterparty can steal your funds!
83         FundingGenerationReady {
84                 /// The random channel_id we picked which you'll need to pass into
85                 /// ChannelManager::funding_transaction_generated.
86                 temporary_channel_id: [u8; 32],
87                 /// The value, in satoshis, that the output should have.
88                 channel_value_satoshis: u64,
89                 /// The script which should be used in the transaction output.
90                 output_script: Script,
91                 /// The value passed in to ChannelManager::create_channel
92                 user_channel_id: u64,
93         },
94         /// Indicates we've received money! Just gotta dig out that payment preimage and feed it to
95         /// ChannelManager::claim_funds to get it....
96         /// Note that if the preimage is not known or the amount paid is incorrect, you should call
97         /// ChannelManager::fail_htlc_backwards to free up resources for this HTLC and avoid
98         /// network congestion.
99         /// The amount paid should be considered 'incorrect' when it is less than or more than twice
100         /// the amount expected.
101         /// If you fail to call either ChannelManager::claim_funds or
102         /// ChannelManager::fail_htlc_backwards within the HTLC's timeout, the HTLC will be
103         /// automatically failed.
104         PaymentReceived {
105                 /// The hash for which the preimage should be handed to the ChannelManager.
106                 payment_hash: PaymentHash,
107                 /// The value, in thousandths of a satoshi, that this payment is for. Note that you must
108                 /// compare this to the expected value before accepting the payment (as otherwise you are
109                 /// providing proof-of-payment for less than the value you expected!).
110                 amt: u64,
111                 /// Information for claiming this received payment, based on whether the purpose of the
112                 /// payment is to pay an invoice or to send a spontaneous payment.
113                 purpose: PaymentPurpose,
114         },
115         /// Indicates an outbound payment we made succeeded (ie it made it all the way to its target
116         /// and we got back the payment preimage for it).
117         PaymentSent {
118                 /// The preimage to the hash given to ChannelManager::send_payment.
119                 /// Note that this serves as a payment receipt, if you wish to have such a thing, you must
120                 /// store it somehow!
121                 payment_preimage: PaymentPreimage,
122         },
123         /// Indicates an outbound payment we made failed. Probably some intermediary node dropped
124         /// something. You may wish to retry with a different route.
125         PaymentFailed {
126                 /// The hash which was given to ChannelManager::send_payment.
127                 payment_hash: PaymentHash,
128                 /// Indicates the payment was rejected for some reason by the recipient. This implies that
129                 /// the payment has failed, not just the route in question. If this is not set, you may
130                 /// retry the payment via a different route.
131                 rejected_by_dest: bool,
132                 /// Any failure information conveyed via the Onion return packet by a node along the failed
133                 /// payment route.
134                 ///
135                 /// Should be applied to the [`NetworkGraph`] so that routing decisions can take into
136                 /// account the update. [`NetGraphMsgHandler`] is capable of doing this.
137                 ///
138                 /// [`NetworkGraph`]: crate::routing::network_graph::NetworkGraph
139                 /// [`NetGraphMsgHandler`]: crate::routing::network_graph::NetGraphMsgHandler
140                 network_update: Option<NetworkUpdate>,
141 #[cfg(test)]
142                 error_code: Option<u16>,
143 #[cfg(test)]
144                 error_data: Option<Vec<u8>>,
145         },
146         /// Used to indicate that ChannelManager::process_pending_htlc_forwards should be called at a
147         /// time in the future.
148         PendingHTLCsForwardable {
149                 /// The minimum amount of time that should be waited prior to calling
150                 /// process_pending_htlc_forwards. To increase the effort required to correlate payments,
151                 /// you should wait a random amount of time in roughly the range (now + time_forwardable,
152                 /// now + 5*time_forwardable).
153                 time_forwardable: Duration,
154         },
155         /// Used to indicate that an output which you should know how to spend was confirmed on chain
156         /// and is now spendable.
157         /// Such an output will *not* ever be spent by rust-lightning, and are not at risk of your
158         /// counterparty spending them due to some kind of timeout. Thus, you need to store them
159         /// somewhere and spend them when you create on-chain transactions.
160         SpendableOutputs {
161                 /// The outputs which you should store as spendable by you.
162                 outputs: Vec<SpendableOutputDescriptor>,
163         },
164         /// This event is generated when a payment has been successfully forwarded through us and a
165         /// forwarding fee earned.
166         PaymentForwarded {
167                 /// The fee, in milli-satoshis, which was earned as a result of the payment.
168                 ///
169                 /// Note that if we force-closed the channel over which we forwarded an HTLC while the HTLC
170                 /// was pending, the amount the next hop claimed will have been rounded down to the nearest
171                 /// whole satoshi. Thus, the fee calculated here may be higher than expected as we still
172                 /// claimed the full value in millisatoshis from the source. In this case,
173                 /// `claim_from_onchain_tx` will be set.
174                 ///
175                 /// If the channel which sent us the payment has been force-closed, we will claim the funds
176                 /// via an on-chain transaction. In that case we do not yet know the on-chain transaction
177                 /// fees which we will spend and will instead set this to `None`. It is possible duplicate
178                 /// `PaymentForwarded` events are generated for the same payment iff `fee_earned_msat` is
179                 /// `None`.
180                 fee_earned_msat: Option<u64>,
181                 /// If this is `true`, the forwarded HTLC was claimed by our counterparty via an on-chain
182                 /// transaction.
183                 claim_from_onchain_tx: bool,
184         },
185 }
186
187 impl Writeable for Event {
188         fn write<W: Writer>(&self, writer: &mut W) -> Result<(), io::Error> {
189                 match self {
190                         &Event::FundingGenerationReady { .. } => {
191                                 0u8.write(writer)?;
192                                 // We never write out FundingGenerationReady events as, upon disconnection, peers
193                                 // drop any channels which have not yet exchanged funding_signed.
194                         },
195                         &Event::PaymentReceived { ref payment_hash, ref amt, ref purpose } => {
196                                 1u8.write(writer)?;
197                                 let mut payment_secret = None;
198                                 let mut user_payment_id = None;
199                                 let payment_preimage;
200                                 match &purpose {
201                                         PaymentPurpose::InvoicePayment { payment_preimage: preimage, payment_secret: secret, user_payment_id: id } => {
202                                                 payment_secret = Some(secret);
203                                                 payment_preimage = *preimage;
204                                                 user_payment_id = Some(id);
205                                         },
206                                         PaymentPurpose::SpontaneousPayment(preimage) => {
207                                                 payment_preimage = Some(*preimage);
208                                         }
209                                 }
210                                 write_tlv_fields!(writer, {
211                                         (0, payment_hash, required),
212                                         (2, payment_secret, option),
213                                         (4, amt, required),
214                                         (6, user_payment_id, option),
215                                         (8, payment_preimage, option),
216                                 });
217                         },
218                         &Event::PaymentSent { ref payment_preimage } => {
219                                 2u8.write(writer)?;
220                                 write_tlv_fields!(writer, {
221                                         (0, payment_preimage, required),
222                                 });
223                         },
224                         &Event::PaymentFailed { ref payment_hash, ref rejected_by_dest, ref network_update,
225                                 #[cfg(test)]
226                                 ref error_code,
227                                 #[cfg(test)]
228                                 ref error_data,
229                         } => {
230                                 3u8.write(writer)?;
231                                 #[cfg(test)]
232                                 error_code.write(writer)?;
233                                 #[cfg(test)]
234                                 error_data.write(writer)?;
235                                 write_tlv_fields!(writer, {
236                                         (0, payment_hash, required),
237                                         (1, network_update, option),
238                                         (2, rejected_by_dest, required),
239                                 });
240                         },
241                         &Event::PendingHTLCsForwardable { time_forwardable: _ } => {
242                                 4u8.write(writer)?;
243                                 // Note that we now ignore these on the read end as we'll re-generate them in
244                                 // ChannelManager, we write them here only for backwards compatibility.
245                         },
246                         &Event::SpendableOutputs { ref outputs } => {
247                                 5u8.write(writer)?;
248                                 write_tlv_fields!(writer, {
249                                         (0, VecWriteWrapper(outputs), required),
250                                 });
251                         },
252                         &Event::PaymentForwarded { fee_earned_msat, claim_from_onchain_tx } => {
253                                 7u8.write(writer)?;
254                                 write_tlv_fields!(writer, {
255                                         (0, fee_earned_msat, option),
256                                         (2, claim_from_onchain_tx, required),
257                                 });
258                         },
259                 }
260                 Ok(())
261         }
262 }
263 impl MaybeReadable for Event {
264         fn read<R: io::Read>(reader: &mut R) -> Result<Option<Self>, msgs::DecodeError> {
265                 match Readable::read(reader)? {
266                         0u8 => Ok(None),
267                         1u8 => {
268                                 let f = || {
269                                         let mut payment_hash = PaymentHash([0; 32]);
270                                         let mut payment_preimage = None;
271                                         let mut payment_secret = None;
272                                         let mut amt = 0;
273                                         let mut user_payment_id = None;
274                                         read_tlv_fields!(reader, {
275                                                 (0, payment_hash, required),
276                                                 (2, payment_secret, option),
277                                                 (4, amt, required),
278                                                 (6, user_payment_id, option),
279                                                 (8, payment_preimage, option),
280                                         });
281                                         let purpose = match payment_secret {
282                                                 Some(secret) => PaymentPurpose::InvoicePayment {
283                                                         payment_preimage,
284                                                         payment_secret: secret,
285                                                         user_payment_id: if let Some(id) = user_payment_id {
286                                                                 id
287                                                         } else { return Err(msgs::DecodeError::InvalidValue) }
288                                                 },
289                                                 None if payment_preimage.is_some() => PaymentPurpose::SpontaneousPayment(payment_preimage.unwrap()),
290                                                 None => return Err(msgs::DecodeError::InvalidValue),
291                                         };
292                                         Ok(Some(Event::PaymentReceived {
293                                                 payment_hash,
294                                                 amt,
295                                                 purpose,
296                                         }))
297                                 };
298                                 f()
299                         },
300                         2u8 => {
301                                 let f = || {
302                                         let mut payment_preimage = PaymentPreimage([0; 32]);
303                                         read_tlv_fields!(reader, {
304                                                 (0, payment_preimage, required),
305                                         });
306                                         Ok(Some(Event::PaymentSent {
307                                                 payment_preimage,
308                                         }))
309                                 };
310                                 f()
311                         },
312                         3u8 => {
313                                 let f = || {
314                                         #[cfg(test)]
315                                         let error_code = Readable::read(reader)?;
316                                         #[cfg(test)]
317                                         let error_data = Readable::read(reader)?;
318                                         let mut payment_hash = PaymentHash([0; 32]);
319                                         let mut rejected_by_dest = false;
320                                         let mut network_update = None;
321                                         read_tlv_fields!(reader, {
322                                                 (0, payment_hash, required),
323                                                 (1, network_update, ignorable),
324                                                 (2, rejected_by_dest, required),
325                                         });
326                                         Ok(Some(Event::PaymentFailed {
327                                                 payment_hash,
328                                                 rejected_by_dest,
329                                                 network_update,
330                                                 #[cfg(test)]
331                                                 error_code,
332                                                 #[cfg(test)]
333                                                 error_data,
334                                         }))
335                                 };
336                                 f()
337                         },
338                         4u8 => Ok(None),
339                         5u8 => {
340                                 let f = || {
341                                         let mut outputs = VecReadWrapper(Vec::new());
342                                         read_tlv_fields!(reader, {
343                                                 (0, outputs, required),
344                                         });
345                                         Ok(Some(Event::SpendableOutputs { outputs: outputs.0 }))
346                                 };
347                                 f()
348                         },
349                         7u8 => {
350                                 let f = || {
351                                         let mut fee_earned_msat = None;
352                                         let mut claim_from_onchain_tx = false;
353                                         read_tlv_fields!(reader, {
354                                                 (0, fee_earned_msat, option),
355                                                 (2, claim_from_onchain_tx, required),
356                                         });
357                                         Ok(Some(Event::PaymentForwarded { fee_earned_msat, claim_from_onchain_tx }))
358                                 };
359                                 f()
360                         },
361                         // Versions prior to 0.0.100 did not ignore odd types, instead returning InvalidValue.
362                         x if x % 2 == 1 => Ok(None),
363                         _ => Err(msgs::DecodeError::InvalidValue)
364                 }
365         }
366 }
367
368 /// An event generated by ChannelManager which indicates a message should be sent to a peer (or
369 /// broadcast to most peers).
370 /// These events are handled by PeerManager::process_events if you are using a PeerManager.
371 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
372 pub enum MessageSendEvent {
373         /// Used to indicate that we've accepted a channel open and should send the accept_channel
374         /// message provided to the given peer.
375         SendAcceptChannel {
376                 /// The node_id of the node which should receive this message
377                 node_id: PublicKey,
378                 /// The message which should be sent.
379                 msg: msgs::AcceptChannel,
380         },
381         /// Used to indicate that we've initiated a channel open and should send the open_channel
382         /// message provided to the given peer.
383         SendOpenChannel {
384                 /// The node_id of the node which should receive this message
385                 node_id: PublicKey,
386                 /// The message which should be sent.
387                 msg: msgs::OpenChannel,
388         },
389         /// Used to indicate that a funding_created message should be sent to the peer with the given node_id.
390         SendFundingCreated {
391                 /// The node_id of the node which should receive this message
392                 node_id: PublicKey,
393                 /// The message which should be sent.
394                 msg: msgs::FundingCreated,
395         },
396         /// Used to indicate that a funding_signed message should be sent to the peer with the given node_id.
397         SendFundingSigned {
398                 /// The node_id of the node which should receive this message
399                 node_id: PublicKey,
400                 /// The message which should be sent.
401                 msg: msgs::FundingSigned,
402         },
403         /// Used to indicate that a funding_locked message should be sent to the peer with the given node_id.
404         SendFundingLocked {
405                 /// The node_id of the node which should receive these message(s)
406                 node_id: PublicKey,
407                 /// The funding_locked message which should be sent.
408                 msg: msgs::FundingLocked,
409         },
410         /// Used to indicate that an announcement_signatures message should be sent to the peer with the given node_id.
411         SendAnnouncementSignatures {
412                 /// The node_id of the node which should receive these message(s)
413                 node_id: PublicKey,
414                 /// The announcement_signatures message which should be sent.
415                 msg: msgs::AnnouncementSignatures,
416         },
417         /// Used to indicate that a series of HTLC update messages, as well as a commitment_signed
418         /// message should be sent to the peer with the given node_id.
419         UpdateHTLCs {
420                 /// The node_id of the node which should receive these message(s)
421                 node_id: PublicKey,
422                 /// The update messages which should be sent. ALL messages in the struct should be sent!
423                 updates: msgs::CommitmentUpdate,
424         },
425         /// Used to indicate that a revoke_and_ack message should be sent to the peer with the given node_id.
426         SendRevokeAndACK {
427                 /// The node_id of the node which should receive this message
428                 node_id: PublicKey,
429                 /// The message which should be sent.
430                 msg: msgs::RevokeAndACK,
431         },
432         /// Used to indicate that a closing_signed message should be sent to the peer with the given node_id.
433         SendClosingSigned {
434                 /// The node_id of the node which should receive this message
435                 node_id: PublicKey,
436                 /// The message which should be sent.
437                 msg: msgs::ClosingSigned,
438         },
439         /// Used to indicate that a shutdown message should be sent to the peer with the given node_id.
440         SendShutdown {
441                 /// The node_id of the node which should receive this message
442                 node_id: PublicKey,
443                 /// The message which should be sent.
444                 msg: msgs::Shutdown,
445         },
446         /// Used to indicate that a channel_reestablish message should be sent to the peer with the given node_id.
447         SendChannelReestablish {
448                 /// The node_id of the node which should receive this message
449                 node_id: PublicKey,
450                 /// The message which should be sent.
451                 msg: msgs::ChannelReestablish,
452         },
453         /// Used to indicate that a channel_announcement and channel_update should be broadcast to all
454         /// peers (except the peer with node_id either msg.contents.node_id_1 or msg.contents.node_id_2).
455         ///
456         /// Note that after doing so, you very likely (unless you did so very recently) want to call
457         /// ChannelManager::broadcast_node_announcement to trigger a BroadcastNodeAnnouncement event.
458         /// This ensures that any nodes which see our channel_announcement also have a relevant
459         /// node_announcement, including relevant feature flags which may be important for routing
460         /// through or to us.
461         BroadcastChannelAnnouncement {
462                 /// The channel_announcement which should be sent.
463                 msg: msgs::ChannelAnnouncement,
464                 /// The followup channel_update which should be sent.
465                 update_msg: msgs::ChannelUpdate,
466         },
467         /// Used to indicate that a node_announcement should be broadcast to all peers.
468         BroadcastNodeAnnouncement {
469                 /// The node_announcement which should be sent.
470                 msg: msgs::NodeAnnouncement,
471         },
472         /// Used to indicate that a channel_update should be broadcast to all peers.
473         BroadcastChannelUpdate {
474                 /// The channel_update which should be sent.
475                 msg: msgs::ChannelUpdate,
476         },
477         /// Used to indicate that a channel_update should be sent to a single peer.
478         /// In contrast to [`Self::BroadcastChannelUpdate`], this is used when the channel is a
479         /// private channel and we shouldn't be informing all of our peers of channel parameters.
480         SendChannelUpdate {
481                 /// The node_id of the node which should receive this message
482                 node_id: PublicKey,
483                 /// The channel_update which should be sent.
484                 msg: msgs::ChannelUpdate,
485         },
486         /// Broadcast an error downstream to be handled
487         HandleError {
488                 /// The node_id of the node which should receive this message
489                 node_id: PublicKey,
490                 /// The action which should be taken.
491                 action: msgs::ErrorAction
492         },
493         /// Query a peer for channels with funding transaction UTXOs in a block range.
494         SendChannelRangeQuery {
495                 /// The node_id of this message recipient
496                 node_id: PublicKey,
497                 /// The query_channel_range which should be sent.
498                 msg: msgs::QueryChannelRange,
499         },
500         /// Request routing gossip messages from a peer for a list of channels identified by
501         /// their short_channel_ids.
502         SendShortIdsQuery {
503                 /// The node_id of this message recipient
504                 node_id: PublicKey,
505                 /// The query_short_channel_ids which should be sent.
506                 msg: msgs::QueryShortChannelIds,
507         },
508         /// Sends a reply to a channel range query. This may be one of several SendReplyChannelRange events
509         /// emitted during processing of the query.
510         SendReplyChannelRange {
511                 /// The node_id of this message recipient
512                 node_id: PublicKey,
513                 /// The reply_channel_range which should be sent.
514                 msg: msgs::ReplyChannelRange,
515         }
516 }
517
518 /// A trait indicating an object may generate message send events
519 pub trait MessageSendEventsProvider {
520         /// Gets the list of pending events which were generated by previous actions, clearing the list
521         /// in the process.
522         fn get_and_clear_pending_msg_events(&self) -> Vec<MessageSendEvent>;
523 }
524
525 /// A trait indicating an object may generate events.
526 ///
527 /// Events are processed by passing an [`EventHandler`] to [`process_pending_events`].
528 ///
529 /// # Requirements
530 ///
531 /// See [`process_pending_events`] for requirements around event processing.
532 ///
533 /// When using this trait, [`process_pending_events`] will call [`handle_event`] for each pending
534 /// event since the last invocation. The handler must either act upon the event immediately
535 /// or preserve it for later handling.
536 ///
537 /// Note, handlers may call back into the provider and thus deadlocking must be avoided. Be sure to
538 /// consult the provider's documentation on the implication of processing events and how a handler
539 /// may safely use the provider (e.g., see [`ChannelManager::process_pending_events`] and
540 /// [`ChainMonitor::process_pending_events`]).
541 ///
542 /// (C-not implementable) As there is likely no reason for a user to implement this trait on their
543 /// own type(s).
544 ///
545 /// [`process_pending_events`]: Self::process_pending_events
546 /// [`handle_event`]: EventHandler::handle_event
547 /// [`ChannelManager::process_pending_events`]: crate::ln::channelmanager::ChannelManager#method.process_pending_events
548 /// [`ChainMonitor::process_pending_events`]: crate::chain::chainmonitor::ChainMonitor#method.process_pending_events
549 pub trait EventsProvider {
550         /// Processes any events generated since the last call using the given event handler.
551         ///
552         /// Subsequent calls must only process new events. However, handlers must be capable of handling
553         /// duplicate events across process restarts. This may occur if the provider was recovered from
554         /// an old state (i.e., it hadn't been successfully persisted after processing pending events).
555         fn process_pending_events<H: Deref>(&self, handler: H) where H::Target: EventHandler;
556 }
557
558 /// A trait implemented for objects handling events from [`EventsProvider`].
559 pub trait EventHandler {
560         /// Handles the given [`Event`].
561         ///
562         /// See [`EventsProvider`] for details that must be considered when implementing this method.
563         fn handle_event(&self, event: &Event);
564 }
565
566 impl<F> EventHandler for F where F: Fn(&Event) {
567         fn handle_event(&self, event: &Event) {
568                 self(event)
569         }
570 }