Delay removal of fulfilled outbound payments for a few timer ticks

Delay removal of fulfilled outbound payments for a few timer ticks

Previously, once a fulfilled outbound payment completed and all
associated HTLCs were resolved, we'd immediately remove the payment
entry from the `pending_outbound_payments` map.

Now that we're using the `pending_outbound_payments` map for send
idempotency, this presents a race condition - if the user makes a
redundant `send_payment` call at the same time that the original
payment's last HTLC is resolved, the user would reasonably expect
the `send_payment` call to fail due to our idempotency guarantees.

However, because the `pending_outbound_payments` entry is being
removed, if it completes first the `send_payment` call will
succeed even though the user has not had a chance to see the
corresponding `Event::PaymentSent`.

Instead, here, we delay removal of `Fulfilled`
`pending_outbound_payments` entries until several timer ticks have
passed without any corresponding event or HTLC pending.