Store pending claims awaiting monitor update in a separate map

Store pending claims awaiting monitor update in a separate map

In the next commits we'll move to generating `PaymentClaimed`
events while handling `ChannelMonitorUpdate`s rather than directly
in line. Thus, as a prerequisite, here we move to storing the info
required to generate the `PaymentClaimed` event in a separate map.

Note that while this does introduce a new map which is written as
an even value which users cannot opt out of, the map is only filled
in when users use the asynchronous `ChannelMonitor` updates and
after a future PR. As these are still considered beta, breaking
downgrades for such users is considered acceptable in the future PR
(which will likely be one LDK version later).