[bindings] Un-special-case returning an associated type

[bindings] Un-special-case returning an associated type

In the case that we return an associated type to C (ie when
implementing a trait which returns an associated type, we had to
convert the Rust-returned concrete Rust type to the C trait struct),
we had code to manually create the neccessary trait struct at the
return site.

This was special-cased in the method-body-writing function instead
of letting the type conversion logic handle it. As a result, we are
unable to do the same conversion when it appears in a different
context, for example inside of a generic like
`Result<Self::AssocType, ErrorType>`.

To solve this, we do the actual work in a
`impl From<nativeType> for CTraitStruct` implementation and then
call `into()` from within the type conversion logic.