_ Git - youtube-dl/blob - youtube_dl/YoutubeDL.py

   1 #!/usr/bin/env python
   2 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
   3
   4 from __future__ import absolute_import, unicode_literals
   5
   6 import collections
   7 import contextlib
   8 import datetime
   9 import errno
  10 import fileinput
  11 import io
  12 import itertools
  13 import json
  14 import locale
  15 import operator
  16 import os
  17 import platform
  18 import re
  19 import shutil
  20 import subprocess
  21 import socket
  22 import sys
  23 import time
  24 import traceback
  25
  26 if os.name == 'nt':
  27     import ctypes
  28
  29 from .compat import (
  30     compat_basestring,
  31     compat_cookiejar,
  32     compat_expanduser,
  33     compat_get_terminal_size,
  34     compat_http_client,
  35     compat_kwargs,
  36     compat_str,
  37     compat_urllib_error,
  38     compat_urllib_request,
  39 )
  40 from .utils import (
  41     escape_url,
  42     ContentTooShortError,
  43     date_from_str,
  44     DateRange,
  45     DEFAULT_OUTTMPL,
  46     determine_ext,
  47     DownloadError,
  48     encodeFilename,
  49     ExtractorError,
  50     format_bytes,
  51     formatSeconds,
  52     HEADRequest,
  53     locked_file,
  54     make_HTTPS_handler,
  55     MaxDownloadsReached,
  56     PagedList,
  57     parse_filesize,
  58     PerRequestProxyHandler,
  59     PostProcessingError,
  60     platform_name,
  61     preferredencoding,
  62     render_table,
  63     SameFileError,
  64     sanitize_filename,
  65     sanitize_path,
  66     std_headers,
  67     subtitles_filename,
  68     UnavailableVideoError,
  69     url_basename,
  70     version_tuple,
  71     write_json_file,
  72     write_string,
  73     YoutubeDLHandler,
  74     prepend_extension,
  75     replace_extension,
  76     args_to_str,
  77     age_restricted,
  78 )
  79 from .cache import Cache
  80 from .extractor import get_info_extractor, gen_extractors
  81 from .downloader import get_suitable_downloader
  82 from .downloader.rtmp import rtmpdump_version
  83 from .postprocessor import (
  84     FFmpegFixupM4aPP,
  85     FFmpegFixupStretchedPP,
  86     FFmpegMergerPP,
  87     FFmpegPostProcessor,
  88     get_postprocessor,
  89 )
  90 from .version import __version__
  91
  92
  93 class YoutubeDL(object):
  94     """YoutubeDL class.
  95
  96     YoutubeDL objects are the ones responsible of downloading the
  97     actual video file and writing it to disk if the user has requested
  98     it, among some other tasks. In most cases there should be one per
  99     program. As, given a video URL, the downloader doesn't know how to
 100     extract all the needed information, task that InfoExtractors do, it
 101     has to pass the URL to one of them.
 102
 103     For this, YoutubeDL objects have a method that allows
 104     InfoExtractors to be registered in a given order. When it is passed
 105     a URL, the YoutubeDL object handles it to the first InfoExtractor it
 106     finds that reports being able to handle it. The InfoExtractor extracts
 107     all the information about the video or videos the URL refers to, and
 108     YoutubeDL process the extracted information, possibly using a File
 109     Downloader to download the video.
 110
 111     YoutubeDL objects accept a lot of parameters. In order not to saturate
 112     the object constructor with arguments, it receives a dictionary of
 113     options instead. These options are available through the params
 114     attribute for the InfoExtractors to use. The YoutubeDL also
 115     registers itself as the downloader in charge for the InfoExtractors
 116     that are added to it, so this is a "mutual registration".
 117
 118     Available options:
 119
 120     username:          Username for authentication purposes.
 121     password:          Password for authentication purposes.
 122     videopassword:     Password for accessing a video.
 123     usenetrc:          Use netrc for authentication instead.
 124     verbose:           Print additional info to stdout.
 125     quiet:             Do not print messages to stdout.
 126     no_warnings:       Do not print out anything for warnings.
 127     forceurl:          Force printing final URL.
 128     forcetitle:        Force printing title.
 129     forceid:           Force printing ID.
 130     forcethumbnail:    Force printing thumbnail URL.
 131     forcedescription:  Force printing description.
 132     forcefilename:     Force printing final filename.
 133     forceduration:     Force printing duration.
 134     forcejson:         Force printing info_dict as JSON.
 135     dump_single_json:  Force printing the info_dict of the whole playlist
 136                        (or video) as a single JSON line.
 137     simulate:          Do not download the video files.
 138     format:            Video format code. See options.py for more information.
 139     outtmpl:           Template for output names.
 140     restrictfilenames: Do not allow "&" and spaces in file names
 141     ignoreerrors:      Do not stop on download errors.
 142     force_generic_extractor: Force downloader to use the generic extractor
 143     nooverwrites:      Prevent overwriting files.
 144     playliststart:     Playlist item to start at.
 145     playlistend:       Playlist item to end at.
 146     playlist_items:    Specific indices of playlist to download.
 147     playlistreverse:   Download playlist items in reverse order.
 148     matchtitle:        Download only matching titles.
 149     rejecttitle:       Reject downloads for matching titles.
 150     logger:            Log messages to a logging.Logger instance.
 151     logtostderr:       Log messages to stderr instead of stdout.
 152     writedescription:  Write the video description to a .description file
 153     writeinfojson:     Write the video description to a .info.json file
 154     writeannotations:  Write the video annotations to a .annotations.xml file
 155     writethumbnail:    Write the thumbnail image to a file
 156     write_all_thumbnails:  Write all thumbnail formats to files
 157     writesubtitles:    Write the video subtitles to a file
 158     writeautomaticsub: Write the automatic subtitles to a file
 159     allsubtitles:      Downloads all the subtitles of the video
 160                        (requires writesubtitles or writeautomaticsub)
 161     listsubtitles:     Lists all available subtitles for the video
 162     subtitlesformat:   The format code for subtitles
 163     subtitleslangs:    List of languages of the subtitles to download
 164     keepvideo:         Keep the video file after post-processing
 165     daterange:         A DateRange object, download only if the upload_date is in the range.
 166     skip_download:     Skip the actual download of the video file
 167     cachedir:          Location of the cache files in the filesystem.
 168                        False to disable filesystem cache.
 169     noplaylist:        Download single video instead of a playlist if in doubt.
 170     age_limit:         An integer representing the user's age in years.
 171                        Unsuitable videos for the given age are skipped.
 172     min_views:         An integer representing the minimum view count the video
 173                        must have in order to not be skipped.
 174                        Videos without view count information are always
 175                        downloaded. None for no limit.
 176     max_views:         An integer representing the maximum view count.
 177                        Videos that are more popular than that are not
 178                        downloaded.
 179                        Videos without view count information are always
 180                        downloaded. None for no limit.
 181     download_archive:  File name of a file where all downloads are recorded.
 182                        Videos already present in the file are not downloaded
 183                        again.
 184     cookiefile:        File name where cookies should be read from and dumped to.
 185     nocheckcertificate:Do not verify SSL certificates
 186     prefer_insecure:   Use HTTP instead of HTTPS to retrieve information.
 187                        At the moment, this is only supported by YouTube.
 188     proxy:             URL of the proxy server to use
 189     cn_verification_proxy:  URL of the proxy to use for IP address verification
 190                        on Chinese sites. (Experimental)
 191     socket_timeout:    Time to wait for unresponsive hosts, in seconds
 192     bidi_workaround:   Work around buggy terminals without bidirectional text
 193                        support, using fridibi
 194     debug_printtraffic:Print out sent and received HTTP traffic
 195     include_ads:       Download ads as well
 196     default_search:    Prepend this string if an input url is not valid.
 197                        'auto' for elaborate guessing
 198     encoding:          Use this encoding instead of the system-specified.
 199     extract_flat:      Do not resolve URLs, return the immediate result.
 200                        Pass in 'in_playlist' to only show this behavior for
 201                        playlist items.
 202     postprocessors:    A list of dictionaries, each with an entry
 203                        * key:  The name of the postprocessor. See
 204                                youtube_dl/postprocessor/__init__.py for a list.
 205                        as well as any further keyword arguments for the
 206                        postprocessor.
 207     progress_hooks:    A list of functions that get called on download
 208                        progress, with a dictionary with the entries
 209                        * status: One of "downloading", "error", or "finished".
 210                                  Check this first and ignore unknown values.
 211
 212                        If status is one of "downloading", or "finished", the
 213                        following properties may also be present:
 214                        * filename: The final filename (always present)
 215                        * tmpfilename: The filename we're currently writing to
 216                        * downloaded_bytes: Bytes on disk
 217                        * total_bytes: Size of the whole file, None if unknown
 218                        * total_bytes_estimate: Guess of the eventual file size,
 219                                                None if unavailable.
 220                        * elapsed: The number of seconds since download started.
 221                        * eta: The estimated time in seconds, None if unknown
 222                        * speed: The download speed in bytes/second, None if
 223                                 unknown
 224                        * fragment_index: The counter of the currently
 225                                          downloaded video fragment.
 226                        * fragment_count: The number of fragments (= individual
 227                                          files that will be merged)
 228
 229                        Progress hooks are guaranteed to be called at least once
 230                        (with status "finished") if the download is successful.
 231     merge_output_format: Extension to use when merging formats.
 232     fixup:             Automatically correct known faults of the file.
 233                        One of:
 234                        - "never": do nothing
 235                        - "warn": only emit a warning
 236                        - "detect_or_warn": check whether we can do anything
 237                                            about it, warn otherwise (default)
 238     source_address:    (Experimental) Client-side IP address to bind to.
 239     call_home:         Boolean, true iff we are allowed to contact the
 240                        youtube-dl servers for debugging.
 241     sleep_interval:    Number of seconds to sleep before each download.
 242     listformats:       Print an overview of available video formats and exit.
 243     list_thumbnails:   Print a table of all thumbnails and exit.
 244     match_filter:      A function that gets called with the info_dict of
 245                        every video.
 246                        If it returns a message, the video is ignored.
 247                        If it returns None, the video is downloaded.
 248                        match_filter_func in utils.py is one example for this.
 249     no_color:          Do not emit color codes in output.
 250
 251     The following options determine which downloader is picked:
 252     external_downloader: Executable of the external downloader to call.
 253                        None or unset for standard (built-in) downloader.
 254     hls_prefer_native: Use the native HLS downloader instead of ffmpeg/avconv.
 255
 256     The following parameters are not used by YoutubeDL itself, they are used by
 257     the downloader (see youtube_dl/downloader/common.py):
 258     nopart, updatetime, buffersize, ratelimit, min_filesize, max_filesize, test,
 259     noresizebuffer, retries, continuedl, noprogress, consoletitle,
 260     xattr_set_filesize, external_downloader_args.
 261
 262     The following options are used by the post processors:
 263     prefer_ffmpeg:     If True, use ffmpeg instead of avconv if both are available,
 264                        otherwise prefer avconv.
 265     postprocessor_args: A list of additional command-line arguments for the
 266                         postprocessor.
 267     """
 268
 269     params = None
 270     _ies = []
 271     _pps = []
 272     _download_retcode = None
 273     _num_downloads = None
 274     _screen_file = None
 275
 276     def __init__(self, params=None, auto_init=True):
 277         """Create a FileDownloader object with the given options."""
 278         if params is None:
 279             params = {}
 280         self._ies = []
 281         self._ies_instances = {}
 282         self._pps = []
 283         self._progress_hooks = []
 284         self._download_retcode = 0
 285         self._num_downloads = 0
 286         self._screen_file = [sys.stdout, sys.stderr][params.get('logtostderr', False)]
 287         self._err_file = sys.stderr
 288         self.params = params
 289         self.cache = Cache(self)
 290
 291         if params.get('bidi_workaround', False):
 292             try:
 293                 import pty
 294                 master, slave = pty.openpty()
 295                 width = compat_get_terminal_size().columns
 296                 if width is None:
 297                     width_args = []
 298                 else:
 299                     width_args = ['-w', str(width)]
 300                 sp_kwargs = dict(
 301                     stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
 302                     stdout=slave,
 303                     stderr=self._err_file)
 304                 try:
 305                     self._output_process = subprocess.Popen(
 306                         ['bidiv'] + width_args, **sp_kwargs
 307                     )
 308                 except OSError:
 309                     self._output_process = subprocess.Popen(
 310                         ['fribidi', '-c', 'UTF-8'] + width_args, **sp_kwargs)
 311                 self._output_channel = os.fdopen(master, 'rb')
 312             except OSError as ose:
 313                 if ose.errno == 2:
 314                     self.report_warning('Could not find fribidi executable, ignoring --bidi-workaround . Make sure that  fribidi  is an executable file in one of the directories in your $PATH.')
 315                 else:
 316                     raise
 317
 318         if (sys.version_info >= (3,) and sys.platform != 'win32' and
 319                 sys.getfilesystemencoding() in ['ascii', 'ANSI_X3.4-1968'] and
 320                 not params.get('restrictfilenames', False)):
 321             # On Python 3, the Unicode filesystem API will throw errors (#1474)
 322             self.report_warning(
 323                 'Assuming --restrict-filenames since file system encoding '
 324                 'cannot encode all characters. '
 325                 'Set the LC_ALL environment variable to fix this.')
 326             self.params['restrictfilenames'] = True
 327
 328         if isinstance(params.get('outtmpl'), bytes):
 329             self.report_warning(
 330                 'Parameter outtmpl is bytes, but should be a unicode string. '
 331                 'Put  from __future__ import unicode_literals  at the top of your code file or consider switching to Python 3.x.')
 332
 333         self._setup_opener()
 334
 335         if auto_init:
 336             self.print_debug_header()
 337             self.add_default_info_extractors()
 338
 339         for pp_def_raw in self.params.get('postprocessors', []):
 340             pp_class = get_postprocessor(pp_def_raw['key'])
 341             pp_def = dict(pp_def_raw)
 342             del pp_def['key']
 343             pp = pp_class(self, **compat_kwargs(pp_def))
 344             self.add_post_processor(pp)
 345
 346         for ph in self.params.get('progress_hooks', []):
 347             self.add_progress_hook(ph)
 348
 349     def warn_if_short_id(self, argv):
 350         # short YouTube ID starting with dash?
 351         idxs = [
 352             i for i, a in enumerate(argv)
 353             if re.match(r'^-[0-9A-Za-z_-]{10}$', a)]
 354         if idxs:
 355             correct_argv = (
 356                 ['youtube-dl'] +
 357                 [a for i, a in enumerate(argv) if i not in idxs] +
 358                 ['--'] + [argv[i] for i in idxs]
 359             )
 360             self.report_warning(
 361                 'Long argument string detected. '
 362                 'Use -- to separate parameters and URLs, like this:\n%s\n' %
 363                 args_to_str(correct_argv))
 364
 365     def add_info_extractor(self, ie):
 366         """Add an InfoExtractor object to the end of the list."""
 367         self._ies.append(ie)
 368         self._ies_instances[ie.ie_key()] = ie
 369         ie.set_downloader(self)
 370
 371     def get_info_extractor(self, ie_key):
 372         """
 373         Get an instance of an IE with name ie_key, it will try to get one from
 374         the _ies list, if there's no instance it will create a new one and add
 375         it to the extractor list.
 376         """
 377         ie = self._ies_instances.get(ie_key)
 378         if ie is None:
 379             ie = get_info_extractor(ie_key)()
 380             self.add_info_extractor(ie)
 381         return ie
 382
 383     def add_default_info_extractors(self):
 384         """
 385         Add the InfoExtractors returned by gen_extractors to the end of the list
 386         """
 387         for ie in gen_extractors():
 388             self.add_info_extractor(ie)
 389
 390     def add_post_processor(self, pp):
 391         """Add a PostProcessor object to the end of the chain."""
 392         self._pps.append(pp)
 393         pp.set_downloader(self)
 394
 395     def add_progress_hook(self, ph):
 396         """Add the progress hook (currently only for the file downloader)"""
 397         self._progress_hooks.append(ph)
 398
 399     def _bidi_workaround(self, message):
 400         if not hasattr(self, '_output_channel'):
 401             return message
 402
 403         assert hasattr(self, '_output_process')
 404         assert isinstance(message, compat_str)
 405         line_count = message.count('\n') + 1
 406         self._output_process.stdin.write((message + '\n').encode('utf-8'))
 407         self._output_process.stdin.flush()
 408         res = ''.join(self._output_channel.readline().decode('utf-8')
 409                       for _ in range(line_count))
 410         return res[:-len('\n')]
 411
 412     def to_screen(self, message, skip_eol=False):
 413         """Print message to stdout if not in quiet mode."""
 414         return self.to_stdout(message, skip_eol, check_quiet=True)
 415
 416     def _write_string(self, s, out=None):
 417         write_string(s, out=out, encoding=self.params.get('encoding'))
 418
 419     def to_stdout(self, message, skip_eol=False, check_quiet=False):
 420         """Print message to stdout if not in quiet mode."""
 421         if self.params.get('logger'):
 422             self.params['logger'].debug(message)
 423         elif not check_quiet or not self.params.get('quiet', False):
 424             message = self._bidi_workaround(message)
 425             terminator = ['\n', ''][skip_eol]
 426             output = message + terminator
 427
 428             self._write_string(output, self._screen_file)
 429
 430     def to_stderr(self, message):
 431         """Print message to stderr."""
 432         assert isinstance(message, compat_str)
 433         if self.params.get('logger'):
 434             self.params['logger'].error(message)
 435         else:
 436             message = self._bidi_workaround(message)
 437             output = message + '\n'
 438             self._write_string(output, self._err_file)
 439
 440     def to_console_title(self, message):
 441         if not self.params.get('consoletitle', False):
 442             return
 443         if os.name == 'nt' and ctypes.windll.kernel32.GetConsoleWindow():
 444             # c_wchar_p() might not be necessary if `message` is
 445             # already of type unicode()
 446             ctypes.windll.kernel32.SetConsoleTitleW(ctypes.c_wchar_p(message))
 447         elif 'TERM' in os.environ:
 448             self._write_string('\033]0;%s\007' % message, self._screen_file)
 449
 450     def save_console_title(self):
 451         if not self.params.get('consoletitle', False):
 452             return
 453         if 'TERM' in os.environ:
 454             # Save the title on stack
 455             self._write_string('\033[22;0t', self._screen_file)
 456
 457     def restore_console_title(self):
 458         if not self.params.get('consoletitle', False):
 459             return
 460         if 'TERM' in os.environ:
 461             # Restore the title from stack
 462             self._write_string('\033[23;0t', self._screen_file)
 463
 464     def __enter__(self):
 465         self.save_console_title()
 466         return self
 467
 468     def __exit__(self, *args):
 469         self.restore_console_title()
 470
 471         if self.params.get('cookiefile') is not None:
 472             self.cookiejar.save()
 473
 474     def trouble(self, message=None, tb=None):
 475         """Determine action to take when a download problem appears.
 476
 477         Depending on if the downloader has been configured to ignore
 478         download errors or not, this method may throw an exception or
 479         not when errors are found, after printing the message.
 480
 481         tb, if given, is additional traceback information.
 482         """
 483         if message is not None:
 484             self.to_stderr(message)
 485         if self.params.get('verbose'):
 486             if tb is None:
 487                 if sys.exc_info()[0]:  # if .trouble has been called from an except block
 488                     tb = ''
 489                     if hasattr(sys.exc_info()[1], 'exc_info') and sys.exc_info()[1].exc_info[0]:
 490                         tb += ''.join(traceback.format_exception(*sys.exc_info()[1].exc_info))
 491                     tb += compat_str(traceback.format_exc())
 492                 else:
 493                     tb_data = traceback.format_list(traceback.extract_stack())
 494                     tb = ''.join(tb_data)
 495             self.to_stderr(tb)
 496         if not self.params.get('ignoreerrors', False):
 497             if sys.exc_info()[0] and hasattr(sys.exc_info()[1], 'exc_info') and sys.exc_info()[1].exc_info[0]:
 498                 exc_info = sys.exc_info()[1].exc_info
 499             else:
 500                 exc_info = sys.exc_info()
 501             raise DownloadError(message, exc_info)
 502         self._download_retcode = 1
 503
 504     def report_warning(self, message):
 505         '''
 506         Print the message to stderr, it will be prefixed with 'WARNING:'
 507         If stderr is a tty file the 'WARNING:' will be colored
 508         '''
 509         if self.params.get('logger') is not None:
 510             self.params['logger'].warning(message)
 511         else:
 512             if self.params.get('no_warnings'):
 513                 return
 514             if not self.params.get('no_color') and self._err_file.isatty() and os.name != 'nt':
 515                 _msg_header = '\033[0;33mWARNING:\033[0m'
 516             else:
 517                 _msg_header = 'WARNING:'
 518             warning_message = '%s %s' % (_msg_header, message)
 519             self.to_stderr(warning_message)
 520
 521     def report_error(self, message, tb=None):
 522         '''
 523         Do the same as trouble, but prefixes the message with 'ERROR:', colored
 524         in red if stderr is a tty file.
 525         '''
 526         if not self.params.get('no_color') and self._err_file.isatty() and os.name != 'nt':
 527             _msg_header = '\033[0;31mERROR:\033[0m'
 528         else:
 529             _msg_header = 'ERROR:'
 530         error_message = '%s %s' % (_msg_header, message)
 531         self.trouble(error_message, tb)
 532
 533     def report_file_already_downloaded(self, file_name):
 534         """Report file has already been fully downloaded."""
 535         try:
 536             self.to_screen('[download] %s has already been downloaded' % file_name)
 537         except UnicodeEncodeError:
 538             self.to_screen('[download] The file has already been downloaded')
 539
 540     def prepare_filename(self, info_dict):
 541         """Generate the output filename."""
 542         try:
 543             template_dict = dict(info_dict)
 544
 545             template_dict['epoch'] = int(time.time())
 546             autonumber_size = self.params.get('autonumber_size')
 547             if autonumber_size is None:
 548                 autonumber_size = 5
 549             autonumber_templ = '%0' + str(autonumber_size) + 'd'
 550             template_dict['autonumber'] = autonumber_templ % self._num_downloads
 551             if template_dict.get('playlist_index') is not None:
 552                 template_dict['playlist_index'] = '%0*d' % (len(str(template_dict['n_entries'])), template_dict['playlist_index'])
 553             if template_dict.get('resolution') is None:
 554                 if template_dict.get('width') and template_dict.get('height'):
 555                     template_dict['resolution'] = '%dx%d' % (template_dict['width'], template_dict['height'])
 556                 elif template_dict.get('height'):
 557                     template_dict['resolution'] = '%sp' % template_dict['height']
 558                 elif template_dict.get('width'):
 559                     template_dict['resolution'] = '?x%d' % template_dict['width']
 560
 561             sanitize = lambda k, v: sanitize_filename(
 562                 compat_str(v),
 563                 restricted=self.params.get('restrictfilenames'),
 564                 is_id=(k == 'id'))
 565             template_dict = dict((k, sanitize(k, v))
 566                                  for k, v in template_dict.items()
 567                                  if v is not None)
 568             template_dict = collections.defaultdict(lambda: 'NA', template_dict)
 569
 570             outtmpl = sanitize_path(self.params.get('outtmpl', DEFAULT_OUTTMPL))
 571             tmpl = compat_expanduser(outtmpl)
 572             filename = tmpl % template_dict
 573             # Temporary fix for #4787
 574             # 'Treat' all problem characters by passing filename through preferredencoding
 575             # to workaround encoding issues with subprocess on python2 @ Windows
 576             if sys.version_info < (3, 0) and sys.platform == 'win32':
 577                 filename = encodeFilename(filename, True).decode(preferredencoding())
 578             return filename
 579         except ValueError as err:
 580             self.report_error('Error in output template: ' + str(err) + ' (encoding: ' + repr(preferredencoding()) + ')')
 581             return None
 582
 583     def _match_entry(self, info_dict, incomplete):
 584         """ Returns None iff the file should be downloaded """
 585
 586         video_title = info_dict.get('title', info_dict.get('id', 'video'))
 587         if 'title' in info_dict:
 588             # This can happen when we're just evaluating the playlist
 589             title = info_dict['title']
 590             matchtitle = self.params.get('matchtitle', False)
 591             if matchtitle:
 592                 if not re.search(matchtitle, title, re.IGNORECASE):
 593                     return '"' + title + '" title did not match pattern "' + matchtitle + '"'
 594             rejecttitle = self.params.get('rejecttitle', False)
 595             if rejecttitle:
 596                 if re.search(rejecttitle, title, re.IGNORECASE):
 597                     return '"' + title + '" title matched reject pattern "' + rejecttitle + '"'
 598         date = info_dict.get('upload_date', None)
 599         if date is not None:
 600             dateRange = self.params.get('daterange', DateRange())
 601             if date not in dateRange:
 602                 return '%s upload date is not in range %s' % (date_from_str(date).isoformat(), dateRange)
 603         view_count = info_dict.get('view_count', None)
 604         if view_count is not None:
 605             min_views = self.params.get('min_views')
 606             if min_views is not None and view_count < min_views:
 607                 return 'Skipping %s, because it has not reached minimum view count (%d/%d)' % (video_title, view_count, min_views)
 608             max_views = self.params.get('max_views')
 609             if max_views is not None and view_count > max_views:
 610                 return 'Skipping %s, because it has exceeded the maximum view count (%d/%d)' % (video_title, view_count, max_views)
 611         if age_restricted(info_dict.get('age_limit'), self.params.get('age_limit')):
 612             return 'Skipping "%s" because it is age restricted' % video_title
 613         if self.in_download_archive(info_dict):
 614             return '%s has already been recorded in archive' % video_title
 615
 616         if not incomplete:
 617             match_filter = self.params.get('match_filter')
 618             if match_filter is not None:
 619                 ret = match_filter(info_dict)
 620                 if ret is not None:
 621                     return ret
 622
 623         return None
 624
 625     @staticmethod
 626     def add_extra_info(info_dict, extra_info):
 627         '''Set the keys from extra_info in info dict if they are missing'''
 628         for key, value in extra_info.items():
 629             info_dict.setdefault(key, value)
 630
 631     def extract_info(self, url, download=True, ie_key=None, extra_info={},
 632                      process=True, force_generic_extractor=False):
 633         '''
 634         Returns a list with a dictionary for each video we find.
 635         If 'download', also downloads the videos.
 636         extra_info is a dict containing the extra values to add to each result
 637         '''
 638
 639         if not ie_key and force_generic_extractor:
 640             ie_key = 'Generic'
 641
 642         if ie_key:
 643             ies = [self.get_info_extractor(ie_key)]
 644         else:
 645             ies = self._ies
 646
 647         for ie in ies:
 648             if not ie.suitable(url):
 649                 continue
 650
 651             if not ie.working():
 652                 self.report_warning('The program functionality for this site has been marked as broken, '
 653                                     'and will probably not work.')
 654
 655             try:
 656                 ie_result = ie.extract(url)
 657                 if ie_result is None:  # Finished already (backwards compatibility; listformats and friends should be moved here)
 658                     break
 659                 if isinstance(ie_result, list):
 660                     # Backwards compatibility: old IE result format
 661                     ie_result = {
 662                         '_type': 'compat_list',
 663                         'entries': ie_result,
 664                     }
 665                 self.add_default_extra_info(ie_result, ie, url)
 666                 if process:
 667                     return self.process_ie_result(ie_result, download, extra_info)
 668                 else:
 669                     return ie_result
 670             except ExtractorError as de:  # An error we somewhat expected
 671                 self.report_error(compat_str(de), de.format_traceback())
 672                 break
 673             except MaxDownloadsReached:
 674                 raise
 675             except Exception as e:
 676                 if self.params.get('ignoreerrors', False):
 677                     self.report_error(compat_str(e), tb=compat_str(traceback.format_exc()))
 678                     break
 679                 else:
 680                     raise
 681         else:
 682             self.report_error('no suitable InfoExtractor for URL %s' % url)
 683
 684     def add_default_extra_info(self, ie_result, ie, url):
 685         self.add_extra_info(ie_result, {
 686             'extractor': ie.IE_NAME,
 687             'webpage_url': url,
 688             'webpage_url_basename': url_basename(url),
 689             'extractor_key': ie.ie_key(),
 690         })
 691
 692     def process_ie_result(self, ie_result, download=True, extra_info={}):
 693         """
 694         Take the result of the ie(may be modified) and resolve all unresolved
 695         references (URLs, playlist items).
 696
 697         It will also download the videos if 'download'.
 698         Returns the resolved ie_result.
 699         """
 700
 701         result_type = ie_result.get('_type', 'video')
 702
 703         if result_type in ('url', 'url_transparent'):
 704             extract_flat = self.params.get('extract_flat', False)
 705             if ((extract_flat == 'in_playlist' and 'playlist' in extra_info) or
 706                     extract_flat is True):
 707                 if self.params.get('forcejson', False):
 708                     self.to_stdout(json.dumps(ie_result))
 709                 return ie_result
 710
 711         if result_type == 'video':
 712             self.add_extra_info(ie_result, extra_info)
 713             return self.process_video_result(ie_result, download=download)
 714         elif result_type == 'url':
 715             # We have to add extra_info to the results because it may be
 716             # contained in a playlist
 717             return self.extract_info(ie_result['url'],
 718                                      download,
 719                                      ie_key=ie_result.get('ie_key'),
 720                                      extra_info=extra_info)
 721         elif result_type == 'url_transparent':
 722             # Use the information from the embedding page
 723             info = self.extract_info(
 724                 ie_result['url'], ie_key=ie_result.get('ie_key'),
 725                 extra_info=extra_info, download=False, process=False)
 726
 727             force_properties = dict(
 728                 (k, v) for k, v in ie_result.items() if v is not None)
 729             for f in ('_type', 'url'):
 730                 if f in force_properties:
 731                     del force_properties[f]
 732             new_result = info.copy()
 733             new_result.update(force_properties)
 734
 735             assert new_result.get('_type') != 'url_transparent'
 736
 737             return self.process_ie_result(
 738                 new_result, download=download, extra_info=extra_info)
 739         elif result_type == 'playlist' or result_type == 'multi_video':
 740             # We process each entry in the playlist
 741             playlist = ie_result.get('title', None) or ie_result.get('id', None)
 742             self.to_screen('[download] Downloading playlist: %s' % playlist)
 743
 744             playlist_results = []
 745
 746             playliststart = self.params.get('playliststart', 1) - 1
 747             playlistend = self.params.get('playlistend', None)
 748             # For backwards compatibility, interpret -1 as whole list
 749             if playlistend == -1:
 750                 playlistend = None
 751
 752             playlistitems_str = self.params.get('playlist_items', None)
 753             playlistitems = None
 754             if playlistitems_str is not None:
 755                 def iter_playlistitems(format):
 756                     for string_segment in format.split(','):
 757                         if '-' in string_segment:
 758                             start, end = string_segment.split('-')
 759                             for item in range(int(start), int(end) + 1):
 760                                 yield int(item)
 761                         else:
 762                             yield int(string_segment)
 763                 playlistitems = iter_playlistitems(playlistitems_str)
 764
 765             ie_entries = ie_result['entries']
 766             if isinstance(ie_entries, list):
 767                 n_all_entries = len(ie_entries)
 768                 if playlistitems:
 769                     entries = [
 770                         ie_entries[i - 1] for i in playlistitems
 771                         if -n_all_entries <= i - 1 < n_all_entries]
 772                 else:
 773                     entries = ie_entries[playliststart:playlistend]
 774                 n_entries = len(entries)
 775                 self.to_screen(
 776                     "[%s] playlist %s: Collected %d video ids (downloading %d of them)" %
 777                     (ie_result['extractor'], playlist, n_all_entries, n_entries))
 778             elif isinstance(ie_entries, PagedList):
 779                 if playlistitems:
 780                     entries = []
 781                     for item in playlistitems:
 782                         entries.extend(ie_entries.getslice(
 783                             item - 1, item
 784                         ))
 785                 else:
 786                     entries = ie_entries.getslice(
 787                         playliststart, playlistend)
 788                 n_entries = len(entries)
 789                 self.to_screen(
 790                     "[%s] playlist %s: Downloading %d videos" %
 791                     (ie_result['extractor'], playlist, n_entries))
 792             else:  # iterable
 793                 if playlistitems:
 794                     entry_list = list(ie_entries)
 795                     entries = [entry_list[i - 1] for i in playlistitems]
 796                 else:
 797                     entries = list(itertools.islice(
 798                         ie_entries, playliststart, playlistend))
 799                 n_entries = len(entries)
 800                 self.to_screen(
 801                     "[%s] playlist %s: Downloading %d videos" %
 802                     (ie_result['extractor'], playlist, n_entries))
 803
 804             if self.params.get('playlistreverse', False):
 805                 entries = entries[::-1]
 806
 807             for i, entry in enumerate(entries, 1):
 808                 self.to_screen('[download] Downloading video %s of %s' % (i, n_entries))
 809                 extra = {
 810                     'n_entries': n_entries,
 811                     'playlist': playlist,
 812                     'playlist_id': ie_result.get('id'),
 813                     'playlist_title': ie_result.get('title'),
 814                     'playlist_index': i + playliststart,
 815                     'extractor': ie_result['extractor'],
 816                     'webpage_url': ie_result['webpage_url'],
 817                     'webpage_url_basename': url_basename(ie_result['webpage_url']),
 818                     'extractor_key': ie_result['extractor_key'],
 819                 }
 820
 821                 reason = self._match_entry(entry, incomplete=True)
 822                 if reason is not None:
 823                     self.to_screen('[download] ' + reason)
 824                     continue
 825
 826                 entry_result = self.process_ie_result(entry,
 827                                                       download=download,
 828                                                       extra_info=extra)
 829                 playlist_results.append(entry_result)
 830             ie_result['entries'] = playlist_results
 831             return ie_result
 832         elif result_type == 'compat_list':
 833             self.report_warning(
 834                 'Extractor %s returned a compat_list result. '
 835                 'It needs to be updated.' % ie_result.get('extractor'))
 836
 837             def _fixup(r):
 838                 self.add_extra_info(
 839                     r,
 840                     {
 841                         'extractor': ie_result['extractor'],
 842                         'webpage_url': ie_result['webpage_url'],
 843                         'webpage_url_basename': url_basename(ie_result['webpage_url']),
 844                         'extractor_key': ie_result['extractor_key'],
 845                     }
 846                 )
 847                 return r
 848             ie_result['entries'] = [
 849                 self.process_ie_result(_fixup(r), download, extra_info)
 850                 for r in ie_result['entries']
 851             ]
 852             return ie_result
 853         else:
 854             raise Exception('Invalid result type: %s' % result_type)
 855
 856     def _apply_format_filter(self, format_spec, available_formats):
 857         " Returns a tuple of the remaining format_spec and filtered formats "
 858
 859         OPERATORS = {
 860             '<': operator.lt,
 861             '<=': operator.le,
 862             '>': operator.gt,
 863             '>=': operator.ge,
 864             '=': operator.eq,
 865             '!=': operator.ne,
 866         }
 867         operator_rex = re.compile(r'''(?x)\s*\[
 868             (?P<key>width|height|tbr|abr|vbr|asr|filesize|fps)
 869             \s*(?P<op>%s)(?P<none_inclusive>\s*\?)?\s*
 870             (?P<value>[0-9.]+(?:[kKmMgGtTpPeEzZyY]i?[Bb]?)?)
 871             \]$
 872             ''' % '|'.join(map(re.escape, OPERATORS.keys())))
 873         m = operator_rex.search(format_spec)
 874         if m:
 875             try:
 876                 comparison_value = int(m.group('value'))
 877             except ValueError:
 878                 comparison_value = parse_filesize(m.group('value'))
 879                 if comparison_value is None:
 880                     comparison_value = parse_filesize(m.group('value') + 'B')
 881                 if comparison_value is None:
 882                     raise ValueError(
 883                         'Invalid value %r in format specification %r' % (
 884                             m.group('value'), format_spec))
 885             op = OPERATORS[m.group('op')]
 886
 887         if not m:
 888             STR_OPERATORS = {
 889                 '=': operator.eq,
 890                 '!=': operator.ne,
 891             }
 892             str_operator_rex = re.compile(r'''(?x)\s*\[
 893                 \s*(?P<key>ext|acodec|vcodec|container|protocol)
 894                 \s*(?P<op>%s)(?P<none_inclusive>\s*\?)?
 895                 \s*(?P<value>[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)
 896                 \s*\]$
 897                 ''' % '|'.join(map(re.escape, STR_OPERATORS.keys())))
 898             m = str_operator_rex.search(format_spec)
 899             if m:
 900                 comparison_value = m.group('value')
 901                 op = STR_OPERATORS[m.group('op')]
 902
 903         if not m:
 904             raise ValueError('Invalid format specification %r' % format_spec)
 905
 906         def _filter(f):
 907             actual_value = f.get(m.group('key'))
 908             if actual_value is None:
 909                 return m.group('none_inclusive')
 910             return op(actual_value, comparison_value)
 911         new_formats = [f for f in available_formats if _filter(f)]
 912
 913         new_format_spec = format_spec[:-len(m.group(0))]
 914         if not new_format_spec:
 915             new_format_spec = 'best'
 916
 917         return (new_format_spec, new_formats)
 918
 919     def select_format(self, format_spec, available_formats):
 920         while format_spec.endswith(']'):
 921             format_spec, available_formats = self._apply_format_filter(
 922                 format_spec, available_formats)
 923         if not available_formats:
 924             return None
 925
 926         if format_spec in ['best', 'worst', None]:
 927             format_idx = 0 if format_spec == 'worst' else -1
 928             audiovideo_formats = [
 929                 f for f in available_formats
 930                 if f.get('vcodec') != 'none' and f.get('acodec') != 'none']
 931             if audiovideo_formats:
 932                 return audiovideo_formats[format_idx]
 933             # for audio only (soundcloud) or video only (imgur) urls, select the best/worst audio format
 934             elif (all(f.get('acodec') != 'none' for f in available_formats) or
 935                   all(f.get('vcodec') != 'none' for f in available_formats)):
 936                 return available_formats[format_idx]
 937         elif format_spec == 'bestaudio':
 938             audio_formats = [
 939                 f for f in available_formats
 940                 if f.get('vcodec') == 'none']
 941             if audio_formats:
 942                 return audio_formats[-1]
 943         elif format_spec == 'worstaudio':
 944             audio_formats = [
 945                 f for f in available_formats
 946                 if f.get('vcodec') == 'none']
 947             if audio_formats:
 948                 return audio_formats[0]
 949         elif format_spec == 'bestvideo':
 950             video_formats = [
 951                 f for f in available_formats
 952                 if f.get('acodec') == 'none']
 953             if video_formats:
 954                 return video_formats[-1]
 955         elif format_spec == 'worstvideo':
 956             video_formats = [
 957                 f for f in available_formats
 958                 if f.get('acodec') == 'none']
 959             if video_formats:
 960                 return video_formats[0]
 961         else:
 962             extensions = ['mp4', 'flv', 'webm', '3gp', 'm4a', 'mp3', 'ogg', 'aac', 'wav']
 963             if format_spec in extensions:
 964                 filter_f = lambda f: f['ext'] == format_spec
 965             else:
 966                 filter_f = lambda f: f['format_id'] == format_spec
 967             matches = list(filter(filter_f, available_formats))
 968             if matches:
 969                 return matches[-1]
 970         return None
 971
 972     def _calc_headers(self, info_dict):
 973         res = std_headers.copy()
 974
 975         add_headers = info_dict.get('http_headers')
 976         if add_headers:
 977             res.update(add_headers)
 978
 979         cookies = self._calc_cookies(info_dict)
 980         if cookies:
 981             res['Cookie'] = cookies
 982
 983         return res
 984
 985     def _calc_cookies(self, info_dict):
 986         pr = compat_urllib_request.Request(info_dict['url'])
 987         self.cookiejar.add_cookie_header(pr)
 988         return pr.get_header('Cookie')
 989
 990     def process_video_result(self, info_dict, download=True):
 991         assert info_dict.get('_type', 'video') == 'video'
 992
 993         if 'id' not in info_dict:
 994             raise ExtractorError('Missing "id" field in extractor result')
 995         if 'title' not in info_dict:
 996             raise ExtractorError('Missing "title" field in extractor result')
 997
 998         if 'playlist' not in info_dict:
 999             # It isn't part of a playlist
1000             info_dict['playlist'] = None
1001             info_dict['playlist_index'] = None
1002
1003         thumbnails = info_dict.get('thumbnails')
1004         if thumbnails is None:
1005             thumbnail = info_dict.get('thumbnail')
1006             if thumbnail:
1007                 info_dict['thumbnails'] = thumbnails = [{'url': thumbnail}]
1008         if thumbnails:
1009             thumbnails.sort(key=lambda t: (
1010                 t.get('preference'), t.get('width'), t.get('height'),
1011                 t.get('id'), t.get('url')))
1012             for i, t in enumerate(thumbnails):
1013                 if t.get('width') and t.get('height'):
1014                     t['resolution'] = '%dx%d' % (t['width'], t['height'])
1015                 if t.get('id') is None:
1016                     t['id'] = '%d' % i
1017
1018         if thumbnails and 'thumbnail' not in info_dict:
1019             info_dict['thumbnail'] = thumbnails[-1]['url']
1020
1021         if 'display_id' not in info_dict and 'id' in info_dict:
1022             info_dict['display_id'] = info_dict['id']
1023
1024         if info_dict.get('upload_date') is None and info_dict.get('timestamp') is not None:
1025             # Working around out-of-range timestamp values (e.g. negative ones on Windows,
1026             # see http://bugs.python.org/issue1646728)
1027             try:
1028                 upload_date = datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(info_dict['timestamp'])
1029                 info_dict['upload_date'] = upload_date.strftime('%Y%m%d')
1030             except (ValueError, OverflowError, OSError):
1031                 pass
1032
1033         if self.params.get('listsubtitles', False):
1034             if 'automatic_captions' in info_dict:
1035                 self.list_subtitles(info_dict['id'], info_dict.get('automatic_captions'), 'automatic captions')
1036             self.list_subtitles(info_dict['id'], info_dict.get('subtitles'), 'subtitles')
1037             return
1038         info_dict['requested_subtitles'] = self.process_subtitles(
1039             info_dict['id'], info_dict.get('subtitles'),
1040             info_dict.get('automatic_captions'))
1041
1042         # We now pick which formats have to be downloaded
1043         if info_dict.get('formats') is None:
1044             # There's only one format available
1045             formats = [info_dict]
1046         else:
1047             formats = info_dict['formats']
1048
1049         if not formats:
1050             raise ExtractorError('No video formats found!')
1051
1052         formats_dict = {}
1053
1054         # We check that all the formats have the format and format_id fields
1055         for i, format in enumerate(formats):
1056             if 'url' not in format:
1057                 raise ExtractorError('Missing "url" key in result (index %d)' % i)
1058
1059             if format.get('format_id') is None:
1060                 format['format_id'] = compat_str(i)
1061             format_id = format['format_id']
1062             if format_id not in formats_dict:
1063                 formats_dict[format_id] = []
1064             formats_dict[format_id].append(format)
1065
1066         # Make sure all formats have unique format_id
1067         for format_id, ambiguous_formats in formats_dict.items():
1068             if len(ambiguous_formats) > 1:
1069                 for i, format in enumerate(ambiguous_formats):
1070                     format['format_id'] = '%s-%d' % (format_id, i)
1071
1072         for i, format in enumerate(formats):
1073             if format.get('format') is None:
1074                 format['format'] = '{id} - {res}{note}'.format(
1075                     id=format['format_id'],
1076                     res=self.format_resolution(format),
1077                     note=' ({0})'.format(format['format_note']) if format.get('format_note') is not None else '',
1078                 )
1079             # Automatically determine file extension if missing
1080             if 'ext' not in format:
1081                 format['ext'] = determine_ext(format['url']).lower()
1082             # Add HTTP headers, so that external programs can use them from the
1083             # json output
1084             full_format_info = info_dict.copy()
1085             full_format_info.update(format)
1086             format['http_headers'] = self._calc_headers(full_format_info)
1087
1088         # TODO Central sorting goes here
1089
1090         if formats[0] is not info_dict:
1091             # only set the 'formats' fields if the original info_dict list them
1092             # otherwise we end up with a circular reference, the first (and unique)
1093             # element in the 'formats' field in info_dict is info_dict itself,
1094             # wich can't be exported to json
1095             info_dict['formats'] = formats
1096         if self.params.get('listformats'):
1097             self.list_formats(info_dict)
1098             return
1099         if self.params.get('list_thumbnails'):
1100             self.list_thumbnails(info_dict)
1101             return
1102
1103         req_format = self.params.get('format')
1104         if req_format is None:
1105             req_format_list = []
1106             if (self.params.get('outtmpl', DEFAULT_OUTTMPL) != '-' and
1107                     info_dict['extractor'] in ['youtube', 'ted']):
1108                 merger = FFmpegMergerPP(self)
1109                 if merger.available and merger.can_merge():
1110                     req_format_list.append('bestvideo+bestaudio')
1111             req_format_list.append('best')
1112             req_format = '/'.join(req_format_list)
1113         formats_to_download = []
1114         if req_format == 'all':
1115             formats_to_download = formats
1116         else:
1117             for rfstr in req_format.split(','):
1118                 # We can accept formats requested in the format: 34/5/best, we pick
1119                 # the first that is available, starting from left
1120                 req_formats = rfstr.split('/')
1121                 for rf in req_formats:
1122                     if re.match(r'.+?\+.+?', rf) is not None:
1123                         # Two formats have been requested like '137+139'
1124                         format_1, format_2 = rf.split('+')
1125                         formats_info = (self.select_format(format_1, formats),
1126                                         self.select_format(format_2, formats))
1127                         if all(formats_info):
1128                             # The first format must contain the video and the
1129                             # second the audio
1130                             if formats_info[0].get('vcodec') == 'none':
1131                                 self.report_error('The first format must '
1132                                                   'contain the video, try using '
1133                                                   '"-f %s+%s"' % (format_2, format_1))
1134                                 return
1135                             output_ext = (
1136                                 formats_info[0]['ext']
1137                                 if self.params.get('merge_output_format') is None
1138                                 else self.params['merge_output_format'])
1139                             selected_format = {
1140                                 'requested_formats': formats_info,
1141                                 'format': '%s+%s' % (formats_info[0].get('format'),
1142                                                      formats_info[1].get('format')),
1143                                 'format_id': '%s+%s' % (formats_info[0].get('format_id'),
1144                                                         formats_info[1].get('format_id')),
1145                                 'width': formats_info[0].get('width'),
1146                                 'height': formats_info[0].get('height'),
1147                                 'resolution': formats_info[0].get('resolution'),
1148                                 'fps': formats_info[0].get('fps'),
1149                                 'vcodec': formats_info[0].get('vcodec'),
1150                                 'vbr': formats_info[0].get('vbr'),
1151                                 'stretched_ratio': formats_info[0].get('stretched_ratio'),
1152                                 'acodec': formats_info[1].get('acodec'),
1153                                 'abr': formats_info[1].get('abr'),
1154                                 'ext': output_ext,
1155                             }
1156                         else:
1157                             selected_format = None
1158                     else:
1159                         selected_format = self.select_format(rf, formats)
1160                     if selected_format is not None:
1161                         formats_to_download.append(selected_format)
1162                         break
1163         if not formats_to_download:
1164             raise ExtractorError('requested format not available',
1165                                  expected=True)
1166
1167         if download:
1168             if len(formats_to_download) > 1:
1169                 self.to_screen('[info] %s: downloading video in %s formats' % (info_dict['id'], len(formats_to_download)))
1170             for format in formats_to_download:
1171                 new_info = dict(info_dict)
1172                 new_info.update(format)
1173                 self.process_info(new_info)
1174         # We update the info dict with the best quality format (backwards compatibility)
1175         info_dict.update(formats_to_download[-1])
1176         return info_dict
1177
1178     def process_subtitles(self, video_id, normal_subtitles, automatic_captions):
1179         """Select the requested subtitles and their format"""
1180         available_subs = {}
1181         if normal_subtitles and self.params.get('writesubtitles'):
1182             available_subs.update(normal_subtitles)
1183         if automatic_captions and self.params.get('writeautomaticsub'):
1184             for lang, cap_info in automatic_captions.items():
1185                 if lang not in available_subs:
1186                     available_subs[lang] = cap_info
1187
1188         if (not self.params.get('writesubtitles') and not
1189                 self.params.get('writeautomaticsub') or not
1190                 available_subs):
1191             return None
1192
1193         if self.params.get('allsubtitles', False):
1194             requested_langs = available_subs.keys()
1195         else:
1196             if self.params.get('subtitleslangs', False):
1197                 requested_langs = self.params.get('subtitleslangs')
1198             elif 'en' in available_subs:
1199                 requested_langs = ['en']
1200             else:
1201                 requested_langs = [list(available_subs.keys())[0]]
1202
1203         formats_query = self.params.get('subtitlesformat', 'best')
1204         formats_preference = formats_query.split('/') if formats_query else []
1205         subs = {}
1206         for lang in requested_langs:
1207             formats = available_subs.get(lang)
1208             if formats is None:
1209                 self.report_warning('%s subtitles not available for %s' % (lang, video_id))
1210                 continue
1211             for ext in formats_preference:
1212                 if ext == 'best':
1213                     f = formats[-1]
1214                     break
1215                 matches = list(filter(lambda f: f['ext'] == ext, formats))
1216                 if matches:
1217                     f = matches[-1]
1218                     break
1219             else:
1220                 f = formats[-1]
1221                 self.report_warning(
1222                     'No subtitle format found matching "%s" for language %s, '
1223                     'using %s' % (formats_query, lang, f['ext']))
1224             subs[lang] = f
1225         return subs
1226
1227     def process_info(self, info_dict):
1228         """Process a single resolved IE result."""
1229
1230         assert info_dict.get('_type', 'video') == 'video'
1231
1232         max_downloads = self.params.get('max_downloads')
1233         if max_downloads is not None:
1234             if self._num_downloads >= int(max_downloads):
1235                 raise MaxDownloadsReached()
1236
1237         info_dict['fulltitle'] = info_dict['title']
1238         if len(info_dict['title']) > 200:
1239             info_dict['title'] = info_dict['title'][:197] + '...'
1240
1241         if 'format' not in info_dict:
1242             info_dict['format'] = info_dict['ext']
1243
1244         reason = self._match_entry(info_dict, incomplete=False)
1245         if reason is not None:
1246             self.to_screen('[download] ' + reason)
1247             return
1248
1249         self._num_downloads += 1
1250
1251         info_dict['_filename'] = filename = self.prepare_filename(info_dict)
1252
1253         # Forced printings
1254         if self.params.get('forcetitle', False):
1255             self.to_stdout(info_dict['fulltitle'])
1256         if self.params.get('forceid', False):
1257             self.to_stdout(info_dict['id'])
1258         if self.params.get('forceurl', False):
1259             if info_dict.get('requested_formats') is not None:
1260                 for f in info_dict['requested_formats']:
1261                     self.to_stdout(f['url'] + f.get('play_path', ''))
1262             else:
1263                 # For RTMP URLs, also include the playpath
1264                 self.to_stdout(info_dict['url'] + info_dict.get('play_path', ''))
1265         if self.params.get('forcethumbnail', False) and info_dict.get('thumbnail') is not None:
1266             self.to_stdout(info_dict['thumbnail'])
1267         if self.params.get('forcedescription', False) and info_dict.get('description') is not None:
1268             self.to_stdout(info_dict['description'])
1269         if self.params.get('forcefilename', False) and filename is not None:
1270             self.to_stdout(filename)
1271         if self.params.get('forceduration', False) and info_dict.get('duration') is not None:
1272             self.to_stdout(formatSeconds(info_dict['duration']))
1273         if self.params.get('forceformat', False):
1274             self.to_stdout(info_dict['format'])
1275         if self.params.get('forcejson', False):
1276             self.to_stdout(json.dumps(info_dict))
1277
1278         # Do nothing else if in simulate mode
1279         if self.params.get('simulate', False):
1280             return
1281
1282         if filename is None:
1283             return
1284
1285         try:
1286             dn = os.path.dirname(sanitize_path(encodeFilename(filename)))
1287             if dn and not os.path.exists(dn):
1288                 os.makedirs(dn)
1289         except (OSError, IOError) as err:
1290             self.report_error('unable to create directory ' + compat_str(err))
1291             return
1292
1293         if self.params.get('writedescription', False):
1294             descfn = replace_extension(filename, 'description', info_dict.get('ext'))
1295             if self.params.get('nooverwrites', False) and os.path.exists(encodeFilename(descfn)):
1296                 self.to_screen('[info] Video description is already present')
1297             elif info_dict.get('description') is None:
1298                 self.report_warning('There\'s no description to write.')
1299             else:
1300                 try:
1301                     self.to_screen('[info] Writing video description to: ' + descfn)
1302                     with io.open(encodeFilename(descfn), 'w', encoding='utf-8') as descfile:
1303                         descfile.write(info_dict['description'])
1304                 except (OSError, IOError):
1305                     self.report_error('Cannot write description file ' + descfn)
1306                     return
1307
1308         if self.params.get('writeannotations', False):
1309             annofn = replace_extension(filename, 'annotations.xml', info_dict.get('ext'))
1310             if self.params.get('nooverwrites', False) and os.path.exists(encodeFilename(annofn)):
1311                 self.to_screen('[info] Video annotations are already present')
1312             else:
1313                 try:
1314                     self.to_screen('[info] Writing video annotations to: ' + annofn)
1315                     with io.open(encodeFilename(annofn), 'w', encoding='utf-8') as annofile:
1316                         annofile.write(info_dict['annotations'])
1317                 except (KeyError, TypeError):
1318                     self.report_warning('There are no annotations to write.')
1319                 except (OSError, IOError):
1320                     self.report_error('Cannot write annotations file: ' + annofn)
1321                     return
1322
1323         subtitles_are_requested = any([self.params.get('writesubtitles', False),
1324                                        self.params.get('writeautomaticsub')])
1325
1326         if subtitles_are_requested and info_dict.get('requested_subtitles'):
1327             # subtitles download errors are already managed as troubles in relevant IE
1328             # that way it will silently go on when used with unsupporting IE
1329             subtitles = info_dict['requested_subtitles']
1330             ie = self.get_info_extractor(info_dict['extractor_key'])
1331             for sub_lang, sub_info in subtitles.items():
1332                 sub_format = sub_info['ext']
1333                 if sub_info.get('data') is not None:
1334                     sub_data = sub_info['data']
1335                 else:
1336                     try:
1337                         sub_data = ie._download_webpage(
1338                             sub_info['url'], info_dict['id'], note=False)
1339                     except ExtractorError as err:
1340                         self.report_warning('Unable to download subtitle for "%s": %s' %
1341                                             (sub_lang, compat_str(err.cause)))
1342                         continue
1343                 try:
1344                     sub_filename = subtitles_filename(filename, sub_lang, sub_format)
1345                     if self.params.get('nooverwrites', False) and os.path.exists(encodeFilename(sub_filename)):
1346                         self.to_screen('[info] Video subtitle %s.%s is already_present' % (sub_lang, sub_format))
1347                     else:
1348                         self.to_screen('[info] Writing video subtitles to: ' + sub_filename)
1349                         with io.open(encodeFilename(sub_filename), 'w', encoding='utf-8') as subfile:
1350                             subfile.write(sub_data)
1351                 except (OSError, IOError):
1352                     self.report_error('Cannot write subtitles file ' + sub_filename)
1353                     return
1354
1355         if self.params.get('writeinfojson', False):
1356             infofn = replace_extension(filename, 'info.json', info_dict.get('ext'))
1357             if self.params.get('nooverwrites', False) and os.path.exists(encodeFilename(infofn)):
1358                 self.to_screen('[info] Video description metadata is already present')
1359             else:
1360                 self.to_screen('[info] Writing video description metadata as JSON to: ' + infofn)
1361                 try:
1362                     write_json_file(self.filter_requested_info(info_dict), infofn)
1363                 except (OSError, IOError):
1364                     self.report_error('Cannot write metadata to JSON file ' + infofn)
1365                     return
1366
1367         self._write_thumbnails(info_dict, filename)
1368
1369         if not self.params.get('skip_download', False):
1370             try:
1371                 def dl(name, info):
1372                     fd = get_suitable_downloader(info, self.params)(self, self.params)
1373                     for ph in self._progress_hooks:
1374                         fd.add_progress_hook(ph)
1375                     if self.params.get('verbose'):
1376                         self.to_stdout('[debug] Invoking downloader on %r' % info.get('url'))
1377                     return fd.download(name, info)
1378
1379                 if info_dict.get('requested_formats') is not None:
1380                     downloaded = []
1381                     success = True
1382                     merger = FFmpegMergerPP(self)
1383                     if not merger.available:
1384                         postprocessors = []
1385                         self.report_warning('You have requested multiple '
1386                                             'formats but ffmpeg or avconv are not installed.'
1387                                             ' The formats won\'t be merged.')
1388                     else:
1389                         postprocessors = [merger]
1390
1391                     def compatible_formats(formats):
1392                         video, audio = formats
1393                         # Check extension
1394                         video_ext, audio_ext = audio.get('ext'), video.get('ext')
1395                         if video_ext and audio_ext:
1396                             COMPATIBLE_EXTS = (
1397                                 ('mp3', 'mp4', 'm4a', 'm4p', 'm4b', 'm4r', 'm4v'),
1398                                 ('webm')
1399                             )
1400                             for exts in COMPATIBLE_EXTS:
1401                                 if video_ext in exts and audio_ext in exts:
1402                                     return True
1403                         # TODO: Check acodec/vcodec
1404                         return False
1405
1406                     filename_real_ext = os.path.splitext(filename)[1][1:]
1407                     filename_wo_ext = (
1408                         os.path.splitext(filename)[0]
1409                         if filename_real_ext == info_dict['ext']
1410                         else filename)
1411                     requested_formats = info_dict['requested_formats']
1412                     if self.params.get('merge_output_format') is None and not compatible_formats(requested_formats):
1413                         info_dict['ext'] = 'mkv'
1414                         self.report_warning(
1415                             'Requested formats are incompatible for merge and will be merged into mkv.')
1416                     # Ensure filename always has a correct extension for successful merge
1417                     filename = '%s.%s' % (filename_wo_ext, info_dict['ext'])
1418                     if os.path.exists(encodeFilename(filename)):
1419                         self.to_screen(
1420                             '[download] %s has already been downloaded and '
1421                             'merged' % filename)
1422                     else:
1423                         for f in requested_formats:
1424                             new_info = dict(info_dict)
1425                             new_info.update(f)
1426                             fname = self.prepare_filename(new_info)
1427                             fname = prepend_extension(fname, 'f%s' % f['format_id'], new_info['ext'])
1428                             downloaded.append(fname)
1429                             partial_success = dl(fname, new_info)
1430                             success = success and partial_success
1431                         info_dict['__postprocessors'] = postprocessors
1432                         info_dict['__files_to_merge'] = downloaded
1433                 else:
1434                     # Just a single file
1435                     success = dl(filename, info_dict)
1436             except (compat_urllib_error.URLError, compat_http_client.HTTPException, socket.error) as err:
1437                 self.report_error('unable to download video data: %s' % str(err))
1438                 return
1439             except (OSError, IOError) as err:
1440                 raise UnavailableVideoError(err)
1441             except (ContentTooShortError, ) as err:
1442                 self.report_error('content too short (expected %s bytes and served %s)' % (err.expected, err.downloaded))
1443                 return
1444
1445             if success:
1446                 # Fixup content
1447                 fixup_policy = self.params.get('fixup')
1448                 if fixup_policy is None:
1449                     fixup_policy = 'detect_or_warn'
1450
1451                 stretched_ratio = info_dict.get('stretched_ratio')
1452                 if stretched_ratio is not None and stretched_ratio != 1:
1453                     if fixup_policy == 'warn':
1454                         self.report_warning('%s: Non-uniform pixel ratio (%s)' % (
1455                             info_dict['id'], stretched_ratio))
1456                     elif fixup_policy == 'detect_or_warn':
1457                         stretched_pp = FFmpegFixupStretchedPP(self)
1458                         if stretched_pp.available:
1459                             info_dict.setdefault('__postprocessors', [])
1460                             info_dict['__postprocessors'].append(stretched_pp)
1461                         else:
1462                             self.report_warning(
1463                                 '%s: Non-uniform pixel ratio (%s). Install ffmpeg or avconv to fix this automatically.' % (
1464                                     info_dict['id'], stretched_ratio))
1465                     else:
1466                         assert fixup_policy in ('ignore', 'never')
1467
1468                 if info_dict.get('requested_formats') is None and info_dict.get('container') == 'm4a_dash':
1469                     if fixup_policy == 'warn':
1470                         self.report_warning('%s: writing DASH m4a. Only some players support this container.' % (
1471                             info_dict['id']))
1472                     elif fixup_policy == 'detect_or_warn':
1473                         fixup_pp = FFmpegFixupM4aPP(self)
1474                         if fixup_pp.available:
1475                             info_dict.setdefault('__postprocessors', [])
1476                             info_dict['__postprocessors'].append(fixup_pp)
1477                         else:
1478                             self.report_warning(
1479                                 '%s: writing DASH m4a. Only some players support this container. Install ffmpeg or avconv to fix this automatically.' % (
1480                                     info_dict['id']))
1481                     else:
1482                         assert fixup_policy in ('ignore', 'never')
1483
1484                 try:
1485                     self.post_process(filename, info_dict)
1486                 except (PostProcessingError) as err:
1487                     self.report_error('postprocessing: %s' % str(err))
1488                     return
1489                 self.record_download_archive(info_dict)
1490
1491     def download(self, url_list):
1492         """Download a given list of URLs."""
1493         outtmpl = self.params.get('outtmpl', DEFAULT_OUTTMPL)
1494         if (len(url_list) > 1 and
1495                 '%' not in outtmpl and
1496                 self.params.get('max_downloads') != 1):
1497             raise SameFileError(outtmpl)
1498
1499         for url in url_list:
1500             try:
1501                 # It also downloads the videos
1502                 res = self.extract_info(
1503                     url, force_generic_extractor=self.params.get('force_generic_extractor', False))
1504             except UnavailableVideoError:
1505                 self.report_error('unable to download video')
1506             except MaxDownloadsReached:
1507                 self.to_screen('[info] Maximum number of downloaded files reached.')
1508                 raise
1509             else:
1510                 if self.params.get('dump_single_json', False):
1511                     self.to_stdout(json.dumps(res))
1512
1513         return self._download_retcode
1514
1515     def download_with_info_file(self, info_filename):
1516         with contextlib.closing(fileinput.FileInput(
1517                 [info_filename], mode='r',
1518                 openhook=fileinput.hook_encoded('utf-8'))) as f:
1519             # FileInput doesn't have a read method, we can't call json.load
1520             info = self.filter_requested_info(json.loads('\n'.join(f)))
1521         try:
1522             self.process_ie_result(info, download=True)
1523         except DownloadError:
1524             webpage_url = info.get('webpage_url')
1525             if webpage_url is not None:
1526                 self.report_warning('The info failed to download, trying with "%s"' % webpage_url)
1527                 return self.download([webpage_url])
1528             else:
1529                 raise
1530         return self._download_retcode
1531
1532     @staticmethod
1533     def filter_requested_info(info_dict):
1534         return dict(
1535             (k, v) for k, v in info_dict.items()
1536             if k not in ['requested_formats', 'requested_subtitles'])
1537
1538     def post_process(self, filename, ie_info):
1539         """Run all the postprocessors on the given file."""
1540         info = dict(ie_info)
1541         info['filepath'] = filename
1542         pps_chain = []
1543         if ie_info.get('__postprocessors') is not None:
1544             pps_chain.extend(ie_info['__postprocessors'])
1545         pps_chain.extend(self._pps)
1546         for pp in pps_chain:
1547             files_to_delete = []
1548             try:
1549                 files_to_delete, info = pp.run(info)
1550             except PostProcessingError as e:
1551                 self.report_error(e.msg)
1552             if files_to_delete and not self.params.get('keepvideo', False):
1553                 for old_filename in files_to_delete:
1554                     self.to_screen('Deleting original file %s (pass -k to keep)' % old_filename)
1555                     try:
1556                         os.remove(encodeFilename(old_filename))
1557                     except (IOError, OSError):
1558                         self.report_warning('Unable to remove downloaded original file')
1559
1560     def _make_archive_id(self, info_dict):
1561         # Future-proof against any change in case
1562         # and backwards compatibility with prior versions
1563         extractor = info_dict.get('extractor_key')
1564         if extractor is None:
1565             if 'id' in info_dict:
1566                 extractor = info_dict.get('ie_key')  # key in a playlist
1567         if extractor is None:
1568             return None  # Incomplete video information
1569         return extractor.lower() + ' ' + info_dict['id']
1570
1571     def in_download_archive(self, info_dict):
1572         fn = self.params.get('download_archive')
1573         if fn is None:
1574             return False
1575
1576         vid_id = self._make_archive_id(info_dict)
1577         if vid_id is None:
1578             return False  # Incomplete video information
1579
1580         try:
1581             with locked_file(fn, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as archive_file:
1582                 for line in archive_file:
1583                     if line.strip() == vid_id:
1584                         return True
1585         except IOError as ioe:
1586             if ioe.errno != errno.ENOENT:
1587                 raise
1588         return False
1589
1590     def record_download_archive(self, info_dict):
1591         fn = self.params.get('download_archive')
1592         if fn is None:
1593             return
1594         vid_id = self._make_archive_id(info_dict)
1595         assert vid_id
1596         with locked_file(fn, 'a', encoding='utf-8') as archive_file:
1597             archive_file.write(vid_id + '\n')
1598
1599     @staticmethod
1600     def format_resolution(format, default='unknown'):
1601         if format.get('vcodec') == 'none':
1602             return 'audio only'
1603         if format.get('resolution') is not None:
1604             return format['resolution']
1605         if format.get('height') is not None:
1606             if format.get('width') is not None:
1607                 res = '%sx%s' % (format['width'], format['height'])
1608             else:
1609                 res = '%sp' % format['height']
1610         elif format.get('width') is not None:
1611             res = '?x%d' % format['width']
1612         else:
1613             res = default
1614         return res
1615
1616     def _format_note(self, fdict):
1617         res = ''
1618         if fdict.get('ext') in ['f4f', 'f4m']:
1619             res += '(unsupported) '
1620         if fdict.get('format_note') is not None:
1621             res += fdict['format_note'] + ' '
1622         if fdict.get('tbr') is not None:
1623             res += '%4dk ' % fdict['tbr']
1624         if fdict.get('container') is not None:
1625             if res:
1626                 res += ', '
1627             res += '%s container' % fdict['container']
1628         if (fdict.get('vcodec') is not None and
1629                 fdict.get('vcodec') != 'none'):
1630             if res:
1631                 res += ', '
1632             res += fdict['vcodec']
1633             if fdict.get('vbr') is not None:
1634                 res += '@'
1635         elif fdict.get('vbr') is not None and fdict.get('abr') is not None:
1636             res += 'video@'
1637         if fdict.get('vbr') is not None:
1638             res += '%4dk' % fdict['vbr']
1639         if fdict.get('fps') is not None:
1640             res += ', %sfps' % fdict['fps']
1641         if fdict.get('acodec') is not None:
1642             if res:
1643                 res += ', '
1644             if fdict['acodec'] == 'none':
1645                 res += 'video only'
1646             else:
1647                 res += '%-5s' % fdict['acodec']
1648         elif fdict.get('abr') is not None:
1649             if res:
1650                 res += ', '
1651             res += 'audio'
1652         if fdict.get('abr') is not None:
1653             res += '@%3dk' % fdict['abr']
1654         if fdict.get('asr') is not None:
1655             res += ' (%5dHz)' % fdict['asr']
1656         if fdict.get('filesize') is not None:
1657             if res:
1658                 res += ', '
1659             res += format_bytes(fdict['filesize'])
1660         elif fdict.get('filesize_approx') is not None:
1661             if res:
1662                 res += ', '
1663             res += '~' + format_bytes(fdict['filesize_approx'])
1664         return res
1665
1666     def list_formats(self, info_dict):
1667         formats = info_dict.get('formats', [info_dict])
1668         table = [
1669             [f['format_id'], f['ext'], self.format_resolution(f), self._format_note(f)]
1670             for f in formats
1671             if f.get('preference') is None or f['preference'] >= -1000]
1672         if len(formats) > 1:
1673             table[-1][-1] += (' ' if table[-1][-1] else '') + '(best)'
1674
1675         header_line = ['format code', 'extension', 'resolution', 'note']
1676         self.to_screen(
1677             '[info] Available formats for %s:\n%s' %
1678             (info_dict['id'], render_table(header_line, table)))
1679
1680     def list_thumbnails(self, info_dict):
1681         thumbnails = info_dict.get('thumbnails')
1682         if not thumbnails:
1683             tn_url = info_dict.get('thumbnail')
1684             if tn_url:
1685                 thumbnails = [{'id': '0', 'url': tn_url}]
1686             else:
1687                 self.to_screen(
1688                     '[info] No thumbnails present for %s' % info_dict['id'])
1689                 return
1690
1691         self.to_screen(
1692             '[info] Thumbnails for %s:' % info_dict['id'])
1693         self.to_screen(render_table(
1694             ['ID', 'width', 'height', 'URL'],
1695             [[t['id'], t.get('width', 'unknown'), t.get('height', 'unknown'), t['url']] for t in thumbnails]))
1696
1697     def list_subtitles(self, video_id, subtitles, name='subtitles'):
1698         if not subtitles:
1699             self.to_screen('%s has no %s' % (video_id, name))
1700             return
1701         self.to_screen(
1702             'Available %s for %s:' % (name, video_id))
1703         self.to_screen(render_table(
1704             ['Language', 'formats'],
1705             [[lang, ', '.join(f['ext'] for f in reversed(formats))]
1706                 for lang, formats in subtitles.items()]))
1707
1708     def urlopen(self, req):
1709         """ Start an HTTP download """
1710
1711         # According to RFC 3986, URLs can not contain non-ASCII characters, however this is not
1712         # always respected by websites, some tend to give out URLs with non percent-encoded
1713         # non-ASCII characters (see telemb.py, ard.py [#3412])
1714         # urllib chokes on URLs with non-ASCII characters (see http://bugs.python.org/issue3991)
1715         # To work around aforementioned issue we will replace request's original URL with
1716         # percent-encoded one
1717         req_is_string = isinstance(req, compat_basestring)
1718         url = req if req_is_string else req.get_full_url()
1719         url_escaped = escape_url(url)
1720
1721         # Substitute URL if any change after escaping
1722         if url != url_escaped:
1723             if req_is_string:
1724                 req = url_escaped
1725             else:
1726                 req_type = HEADRequest if req.get_method() == 'HEAD' else compat_urllib_request.Request
1727                 req = req_type(
1728                     url_escaped, data=req.data, headers=req.headers,
1729                     origin_req_host=req.origin_req_host, unverifiable=req.unverifiable)
1730
1731         return self._opener.open(req, timeout=self._socket_timeout)
1732
1733     def print_debug_header(self):
1734         if not self.params.get('verbose'):
1735             return
1736
1737         if type('') is not compat_str:
1738             # Python 2.6 on SLES11 SP1 (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/3326)
1739             self.report_warning(
1740                 'Your Python is broken! Update to a newer and supported version')
1741
1742         stdout_encoding = getattr(
1743             sys.stdout, 'encoding', 'missing (%s)' % type(sys.stdout).__name__)
1744         encoding_str = (
1745             '[debug] Encodings: locale %s, fs %s, out %s, pref %s\n' % (
1746                 locale.getpreferredencoding(),
1747                 sys.getfilesystemencoding(),
1748                 stdout_encoding,
1749                 self.get_encoding()))
1750         write_string(encoding_str, encoding=None)
1751
1752         self._write_string('[debug] youtube-dl version ' + __version__ + '\n')
1753         try:
1754             sp = subprocess.Popen(
1755                 ['git', 'rev-parse', '--short', 'HEAD'],
1756                 stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
1757                 cwd=os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
1758             out, err = sp.communicate()
1759             out = out.decode().strip()
1760             if re.match('[0-9a-f]+', out):
1761                 self._write_string('[debug] Git HEAD: ' + out + '\n')
1762         except Exception:
1763             try:
1764                 sys.exc_clear()
1765             except Exception:
1766                 pass
1767         self._write_string('[debug] Python version %s - %s\n' % (
1768             platform.python_version(), platform_name()))
1769
1770         exe_versions = FFmpegPostProcessor.get_versions(self)
1771         exe_versions['rtmpdump'] = rtmpdump_version()
1772         exe_str = ', '.join(
1773             '%s %s' % (exe, v)
1774             for exe, v in sorted(exe_versions.items())
1775             if v
1776         )
1777         if not exe_str:
1778             exe_str = 'none'
1779         self._write_string('[debug] exe versions: %s\n' % exe_str)
1780
1781         proxy_map = {}
1782         for handler in self._opener.handlers:
1783             if hasattr(handler, 'proxies'):
1784                 proxy_map.update(handler.proxies)
1785         self._write_string('[debug] Proxy map: ' + compat_str(proxy_map) + '\n')
1786
1787         if self.params.get('call_home', False):
1788             ipaddr = self.urlopen('https://yt-dl.org/ip').read().decode('utf-8')
1789             self._write_string('[debug] Public IP address: %s\n' % ipaddr)
1790             latest_version = self.urlopen(
1791                 'https://yt-dl.org/latest/version').read().decode('utf-8')
1792             if version_tuple(latest_version) > version_tuple(__version__):
1793                 self.report_warning(
1794                     'You are using an outdated version (newest version: %s)! '
1795                     'See https://yt-dl.org/update if you need help updating.' %
1796                     latest_version)
1797
1798     def _setup_opener(self):
1799         timeout_val = self.params.get('socket_timeout')
1800         self._socket_timeout = 600 if timeout_val is None else float(timeout_val)
1801
1802         opts_cookiefile = self.params.get('cookiefile')
1803         opts_proxy = self.params.get('proxy')
1804
1805         if opts_cookiefile is None:
1806             self.cookiejar = compat_cookiejar.CookieJar()
1807         else:
1808             self.cookiejar = compat_cookiejar.MozillaCookieJar(
1809                 opts_cookiefile)
1810             if os.access(opts_cookiefile, os.R_OK):
1811                 self.cookiejar.load()
1812
1813         cookie_processor = compat_urllib_request.HTTPCookieProcessor(
1814             self.cookiejar)
1815         if opts_proxy is not None:
1816             if opts_proxy == '':
1817                 proxies = {}
1818             else:
1819                 proxies = {'http': opts_proxy, 'https': opts_proxy}
1820         else:
1821             proxies = compat_urllib_request.getproxies()
1822             # Set HTTPS proxy to HTTP one if given (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/805)
1823             if 'http' in proxies and 'https' not in proxies:
1824                 proxies['https'] = proxies['http']
1825         proxy_handler = PerRequestProxyHandler(proxies)
1826
1827         debuglevel = 1 if self.params.get('debug_printtraffic') else 0
1828         https_handler = make_HTTPS_handler(self.params, debuglevel=debuglevel)
1829         ydlh = YoutubeDLHandler(self.params, debuglevel=debuglevel)
1830         opener = compat_urllib_request.build_opener(
1831             proxy_handler, https_handler, cookie_processor, ydlh)
1832
1833         # Delete the default user-agent header, which would otherwise apply in
1834         # cases where our custom HTTP handler doesn't come into play
1835         # (See https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/1309 for details)
1836         opener.addheaders = []
1837         self._opener = opener
1838
1839     def encode(self, s):
1840         if isinstance(s, bytes):
1841             return s  # Already encoded
1842
1843         try:
1844             return s.encode(self.get_encoding())
1845         except UnicodeEncodeError as err:
1846             err.reason = err.reason + '. Check your system encoding configuration or use the --encoding option.'
1847             raise
1848
1849     def get_encoding(self):
1850         encoding = self.params.get('encoding')
1851         if encoding is None:
1852             encoding = preferredencoding()
1853         return encoding
1854
1855     def _write_thumbnails(self, info_dict, filename):
1856         if self.params.get('writethumbnail', False):
1857             thumbnails = info_dict.get('thumbnails')
1858             if thumbnails:
1859                 thumbnails = [thumbnails[-1]]
1860         elif self.params.get('write_all_thumbnails', False):
1861             thumbnails = info_dict.get('thumbnails')
1862         else:
1863             return
1864
1865         if not thumbnails:
1866             # No thumbnails present, so return immediately
1867             return
1868
1869         for t in thumbnails:
1870             thumb_ext = determine_ext(t['url'], 'jpg')
1871             suffix = '_%s' % t['id'] if len(thumbnails) > 1 else ''
1872             thumb_display_id = '%s ' % t['id'] if len(thumbnails) > 1 else ''
1873             t['filename'] = thumb_filename = os.path.splitext(filename)[0] + suffix + '.' + thumb_ext
1874
1875             if self.params.get('nooverwrites', False) and os.path.exists(encodeFilename(thumb_filename)):
1876                 self.to_screen('[%s] %s: Thumbnail %sis already present' %
1877                                (info_dict['extractor'], info_dict['id'], thumb_display_id))
1878             else:
1879                 self.to_screen('[%s] %s: Downloading thumbnail %s...' %
1880                                (info_dict['extractor'], info_dict['id'], thumb_display_id))
1881                 try:
1882                     uf = self.urlopen(t['url'])
1883                     with open(thumb_filename, 'wb') as thumbf:
1884                         shutil.copyfileobj(uf, thumbf)
1885                     self.to_screen('[%s] %s: Writing thumbnail %sto: %s' %
1886                                    (info_dict['extractor'], info_dict['id'], thumb_display_id, thumb_filename))
1887                 except (compat_urllib_error.URLError, compat_http_client.HTTPException, socket.error) as err:
1888                     self.report_warning('Unable to download thumbnail "%s": %s' %
1889                                         (t['url'], compat_str(err)))