_ Git - youtube-dl/blob - youtube_dl/extractor/youtube.py

   1 # coding: utf-8
   2
   3 from __future__ import unicode_literals
   4
   5
   6 import itertools
   7 import json
   8 import os.path
   9 import random
  10 import re
  11 import time
  12 import traceback
  13
  14 from .common import InfoExtractor, SearchInfoExtractor
  15 from ..jsinterp import JSInterpreter
  16 from ..swfinterp import SWFInterpreter
  17 from ..compat import (
  18     compat_chr,
  19     compat_HTTPError,
  20     compat_kwargs,
  21     compat_parse_qs,
  22     compat_urllib_parse_unquote,
  23     compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus,
  24     compat_urllib_parse_urlencode,
  25     compat_urllib_parse_urlparse,
  26     compat_urlparse,
  27     compat_str,
  28 )
  29 from ..utils import (
  30     bool_or_none,
  31     clean_html,
  32     dict_get,
  33     error_to_compat_str,
  34     ExtractorError,
  35     float_or_none,
  36     get_element_by_attribute,
  37     get_element_by_id,
  38     int_or_none,
  39     mimetype2ext,
  40     orderedSet,
  41     parse_codecs,
  42     parse_duration,
  43     qualities,
  44     remove_quotes,
  45     remove_start,
  46     smuggle_url,
  47     str_or_none,
  48     str_to_int,
  49     try_get,
  50     unescapeHTML,
  51     unified_strdate,
  52     unsmuggle_url,
  53     uppercase_escape,
  54     url_or_none,
  55     urlencode_postdata,
  56 )
  57
  58
  59 class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
  60     """Provide base functions for Youtube extractors"""
  61     _LOGIN_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin'
  62     _TWOFACTOR_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/signin/challenge'
  63
  64     _LOOKUP_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/sl/lookup'
  65     _CHALLENGE_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/sl/challenge'
  66     _TFA_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/challenge?hl=en&TL={0}'
  67
  68     _NETRC_MACHINE = 'youtube'
  69     # If True it will raise an error if no login info is provided
  70     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = False
  71
  72     _PLAYLIST_ID_RE = r'(?:PL|LL|EC|UU|FL|RD|UL|TL|OLAK5uy_)[0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,}'
  73
  74     def _set_language(self):
  75         self._set_cookie(
  76             '.youtube.com', 'PREF', 'f1=50000000&hl=en',
  77             # YouTube sets the expire time to about two months
  78             expire_time=time.time() + 2 * 30 * 24 * 3600)
  79
  80     def _ids_to_results(self, ids):
  81         return [
  82             self.url_result(vid_id, 'Youtube', video_id=vid_id)
  83             for vid_id in ids]
  84
  85     def _login(self):
  86         """
  87         Attempt to log in to YouTube.
  88         True is returned if successful or skipped.
  89         False is returned if login failed.
  90
  91         If _LOGIN_REQUIRED is set and no authentication was provided, an error is raised.
  92         """
  93         username, password = self._get_login_info()
  94         # No authentication to be performed
  95         if username is None:
  96             if self._LOGIN_REQUIRED and self._downloader.params.get('cookiefile') is None:
  97                 raise ExtractorError('No login info available, needed for using %s.' % self.IE_NAME, expected=True)
  98             return True
  99
 100         login_page = self._download_webpage(
 101             self._LOGIN_URL, None,
 102             note='Downloading login page',
 103             errnote='unable to fetch login page', fatal=False)
 104         if login_page is False:
 105             return
 106
 107         login_form = self._hidden_inputs(login_page)
 108
 109         def req(url, f_req, note, errnote):
 110             data = login_form.copy()
 111             data.update({
 112                 'pstMsg': 1,
 113                 'checkConnection': 'youtube',
 114                 'checkedDomains': 'youtube',
 115                 'hl': 'en',
 116                 'deviceinfo': '[null,null,null,[],null,"US",null,null,[],"GlifWebSignIn",null,[null,null,[]]]',
 117                 'f.req': json.dumps(f_req),
 118                 'flowName': 'GlifWebSignIn',
 119                 'flowEntry': 'ServiceLogin',
 120                 # TODO: reverse actual botguard identifier generation algo
 121                 'bgRequest': '["identifier",""]',
 122             })
 123             return self._download_json(
 124                 url, None, note=note, errnote=errnote,
 125                 transform_source=lambda s: re.sub(r'^[^[]*', '', s),
 126                 fatal=False,
 127                 data=urlencode_postdata(data), headers={
 128                     'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8',
 129                     'Google-Accounts-XSRF': 1,
 130                 })
 131
 132         def warn(message):
 133             self._downloader.report_warning(message)
 134
 135         lookup_req = [
 136             username,
 137             None, [], None, 'US', None, None, 2, False, True,
 138             [
 139                 None, None,
 140                 [2, 1, None, 1,
 141                  'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?passive=true&continue=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fsignin%3Fnext%3D%252F%26action_handle_signin%3Dtrue%26hl%3Den%26app%3Ddesktop%26feature%3Dsign_in_button&hl=en&service=youtube&uilel=3&requestPath=%2FServiceLogin&Page=PasswordSeparationSignIn',
 142                  None, [], 4],
 143                 1, [None, None, []], None, None, None, True
 144             ],
 145             username,
 146         ]
 147
 148         lookup_results = req(
 149             self._LOOKUP_URL, lookup_req,
 150             'Looking up account info', 'Unable to look up account info')
 151
 152         if lookup_results is False:
 153             return False
 154
 155         user_hash = try_get(lookup_results, lambda x: x[0][2], compat_str)
 156         if not user_hash:
 157             warn('Unable to extract user hash')
 158             return False
 159
 160         challenge_req = [
 161             user_hash,
 162             None, 1, None, [1, None, None, None, [password, None, True]],
 163             [
 164                 None, None, [2, 1, None, 1, 'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?passive=true&continue=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fsignin%3Fnext%3D%252F%26action_handle_signin%3Dtrue%26hl%3Den%26app%3Ddesktop%26feature%3Dsign_in_button&hl=en&service=youtube&uilel=3&requestPath=%2FServiceLogin&Page=PasswordSeparationSignIn', None, [], 4],
 165                 1, [None, None, []], None, None, None, True
 166             ]]
 167
 168         challenge_results = req(
 169             self._CHALLENGE_URL, challenge_req,
 170             'Logging in', 'Unable to log in')
 171
 172         if challenge_results is False:
 173             return
 174
 175         login_res = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[0][5], list)
 176         if login_res:
 177             login_msg = try_get(login_res, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
 178             warn(
 179                 'Unable to login: %s' % 'Invalid password'
 180                 if login_msg == 'INCORRECT_ANSWER_ENTERED' else login_msg)
 181             return False
 182
 183         res = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[0][-1], list)
 184         if not res:
 185             warn('Unable to extract result entry')
 186             return False
 187
 188         login_challenge = try_get(res, lambda x: x[0][0], list)
 189         if login_challenge:
 190             challenge_str = try_get(login_challenge, lambda x: x[2], compat_str)
 191             if challenge_str == 'TWO_STEP_VERIFICATION':
 192                 # SEND_SUCCESS - TFA code has been successfully sent to phone
 193                 # QUOTA_EXCEEDED - reached the limit of TFA codes
 194                 status = try_get(login_challenge, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
 195                 if status == 'QUOTA_EXCEEDED':
 196                     warn('Exceeded the limit of TFA codes, try later')
 197                     return False
 198
 199                 tl = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[1][2], compat_str)
 200                 if not tl:
 201                     warn('Unable to extract TL')
 202                     return False
 203
 204                 tfa_code = self._get_tfa_info('2-step verification code')
 205
 206                 if not tfa_code:
 207                     warn(
 208                         'Two-factor authentication required. Provide it either interactively or with --twofactor <code>'
 209                         '(Note that only TOTP (Google Authenticator App) codes work at this time.)')
 210                     return False
 211
 212                 tfa_code = remove_start(tfa_code, 'G-')
 213
 214                 tfa_req = [
 215                     user_hash, None, 2, None,
 216                     [
 217                         9, None, None, None, None, None, None, None,
 218                         [None, tfa_code, True, 2]
 219                     ]]
 220
 221                 tfa_results = req(
 222                     self._TFA_URL.format(tl), tfa_req,
 223                     'Submitting TFA code', 'Unable to submit TFA code')
 224
 225                 if tfa_results is False:
 226                     return False
 227
 228                 tfa_res = try_get(tfa_results, lambda x: x[0][5], list)
 229                 if tfa_res:
 230                     tfa_msg = try_get(tfa_res, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
 231                     warn(
 232                         'Unable to finish TFA: %s' % 'Invalid TFA code'
 233                         if tfa_msg == 'INCORRECT_ANSWER_ENTERED' else tfa_msg)
 234                     return False
 235
 236                 check_cookie_url = try_get(
 237                     tfa_results, lambda x: x[0][-1][2], compat_str)
 238             else:
 239                 CHALLENGES = {
 240                     'LOGIN_CHALLENGE': "This device isn't recognized. For your security, Google wants to make sure it's really you.",
 241                     'USERNAME_RECOVERY': 'Please provide additional information to aid in the recovery process.',
 242                     'REAUTH': "There is something unusual about your activity. For your security, Google wants to make sure it's really you.",
 243                 }
 244                 challenge = CHALLENGES.get(
 245                     challenge_str,
 246                     '%s returned error %s.' % (self.IE_NAME, challenge_str))
 247                 warn('%s\nGo to https://accounts.google.com/, login and solve a challenge.' % challenge)
 248                 return False
 249         else:
 250             check_cookie_url = try_get(res, lambda x: x[2], compat_str)
 251
 252         if not check_cookie_url:
 253             warn('Unable to extract CheckCookie URL')
 254             return False
 255
 256         check_cookie_results = self._download_webpage(
 257             check_cookie_url, None, 'Checking cookie', fatal=False)
 258
 259         if check_cookie_results is False:
 260             return False
 261
 262         if 'https://myaccount.google.com/' not in check_cookie_results:
 263             warn('Unable to log in')
 264             return False
 265
 266         return True
 267
 268     def _download_webpage_handle(self, *args, **kwargs):
 269         query = kwargs.get('query', {}).copy()
 270         query['disable_polymer'] = 'true'
 271         kwargs['query'] = query
 272         return super(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, self)._download_webpage_handle(
 273             *args, **compat_kwargs(kwargs))
 274
 275     def _real_initialize(self):
 276         if self._downloader is None:
 277             return
 278         self._set_language()
 279         if not self._login():
 280             return
 281
 282
 283 class YoutubeEntryListBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
 284     # Extract entries from page with "Load more" button
 285     def _entries(self, page, playlist_id):
 286         more_widget_html = content_html = page
 287         for page_num in itertools.count(1):
 288             for entry in self._process_page(content_html):
 289                 yield entry
 290
 291             mobj = re.search(r'data-uix-load-more-href="/?(?P<more>[^"]+)"', more_widget_html)
 292             if not mobj:
 293                 break
 294
 295             count = 0
 296             retries = 3
 297             while count <= retries:
 298                 try:
 299                     # Downloading page may result in intermittent 5xx HTTP error
 300                     # that is usually worked around with a retry
 301                     more = self._download_json(
 302                         'https://youtube.com/%s' % mobj.group('more'), playlist_id,
 303                         'Downloading page #%s%s'
 304                         % (page_num, ' (retry #%d)' % count if count else ''),
 305                         transform_source=uppercase_escape)
 306                     break
 307                 except ExtractorError as e:
 308                     if isinstance(e.cause, compat_HTTPError) and e.cause.code in (500, 503):
 309                         count += 1
 310                         if count <= retries:
 311                             continue
 312                     raise
 313
 314             content_html = more['content_html']
 315             if not content_html.strip():
 316                 # Some webpages show a "Load more" button but they don't
 317                 # have more videos
 318                 break
 319             more_widget_html = more['load_more_widget_html']
 320
 321
 322 class YoutubePlaylistBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeEntryListBaseInfoExtractor):
 323     def _process_page(self, content):
 324         for video_id, video_title in self.extract_videos_from_page(content):
 325             yield self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id, video_title)
 326
 327     def extract_videos_from_page(self, page):
 328         ids_in_page = []
 329         titles_in_page = []
 330         for mobj in re.finditer(self._VIDEO_RE, page):
 331             # The link with index 0 is not the first video of the playlist (not sure if still actual)
 332             if 'index' in mobj.groupdict() and mobj.group('id') == '0':
 333                 continue
 334             video_id = mobj.group('id')
 335             video_title = unescapeHTML(mobj.group('title'))
 336             if video_title:
 337                 video_title = video_title.strip()
 338             try:
 339                 idx = ids_in_page.index(video_id)
 340                 if video_title and not titles_in_page[idx]:
 341                     titles_in_page[idx] = video_title
 342             except ValueError:
 343                 ids_in_page.append(video_id)
 344                 titles_in_page.append(video_title)
 345         return zip(ids_in_page, titles_in_page)
 346
 347
 348 class YoutubePlaylistsBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeEntryListBaseInfoExtractor):
 349     def _process_page(self, content):
 350         for playlist_id in orderedSet(re.findall(
 351                 r'<h3[^>]+class="[^"]*yt-lockup-title[^"]*"[^>]*><a[^>]+href="/?playlist\?list=([0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,})"',
 352                 content)):
 353             yield self.url_result(
 354                 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=%s' % playlist_id, 'YoutubePlaylist')
 355
 356     def _real_extract(self, url):
 357         playlist_id = self._match_id(url)
 358         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, playlist_id)
 359         title = self._og_search_title(webpage, fatal=False)
 360         return self.playlist_result(self._entries(webpage, playlist_id), playlist_id, title)
 361
 362
 363 class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
 364     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com'
 365     _VALID_URL = r"""(?x)^
 366                      (
 367                          (?:https?://|//)                                    # http(s):// or protocol-independent URL
 368                          (?:(?:(?:(?:\w+\.)?[yY][oO][uU][tT][uU][bB][eE](?:-nocookie)?\.com/|
 369                             (?:www\.)?deturl\.com/www\.youtube\.com/|
 370                             (?:www\.)?pwnyoutube\.com/|
 371                             (?:www\.)?hooktube\.com/|
 372                             (?:www\.)?yourepeat\.com/|
 373                             tube\.majestyc\.net/|
 374                             # Invidious instances taken from https://github.com/omarroth/invidious/wiki/Invidious-Instances
 375                             (?:(?:www|dev)\.)?invidio\.us/|
 376                             (?:(?:www|no)\.)?invidiou\.sh/|
 377                             (?:(?:www|fi|de)\.)?invidious\.snopyta\.org/|
 378                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.kabi\.tk/|
 379                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.enkirton\.net/|
 380                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.13ad\.de/|
 381                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.mastodon\.host/|
 382                             (?:www\.)?tube\.poal\.co/|
 383                             (?:www\.)?vid\.wxzm\.sx/|
 384                             youtube\.googleapis\.com/)                        # the various hostnames, with wildcard subdomains
 385                          (?:.*?\#/)?                                          # handle anchor (#/) redirect urls
 386                          (?:                                                  # the various things that can precede the ID:
 387                              (?:(?:v|embed|e)/(?!videoseries))                # v/ or embed/ or e/
 388                              |(?:                                             # or the v= param in all its forms
 389                                  (?:(?:watch|movie)(?:_popup)?(?:\.php)?/?)?  # preceding watch(_popup|.php) or nothing (like /?v=xxxx)
 390                                  (?:\?|\#!?)                                  # the params delimiter ? or # or #!
 391                                  (?:.*?[&;])??                                # any other preceding param (like /?s=tuff&v=xxxx or ?s=tuff&amp;v=V36LpHqtcDY)
 392                                  v=
 393                              )
 394                          ))
 395                          |(?:
 396                             youtu\.be|                                        # just youtu.be/xxxx
 397                             vid\.plus|                                        # or vid.plus/xxxx
 398                             zwearz\.com/watch|                                # or zwearz.com/watch/xxxx
 399                          )/
 400                          |(?:www\.)?cleanvideosearch\.com/media/action/yt/watch\?videoId=
 401                          )
 402                      )?                                                       # all until now is optional -> you can pass the naked ID
 403                      ([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})                                      # here is it! the YouTube video ID
 404                      (?!.*?\blist=
 405                         (?:
 406                             %(playlist_id)s|                                  # combined list/video URLs are handled by the playlist IE
 407                             WL                                                # WL are handled by the watch later IE
 408                         )
 409                      )
 410                      (?(1).+)?                                                # if we found the ID, everything can follow
 411                      $""" % {'playlist_id': YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._PLAYLIST_ID_RE}
 412     _NEXT_URL_RE = r'[\?&]next_url=([^&]+)'
 413     _formats = {
 414         '5': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 400, 'height': 240, 'acodec': 'mp3', 'abr': 64, 'vcodec': 'h263'},
 415         '6': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 450, 'height': 270, 'acodec': 'mp3', 'abr': 64, 'vcodec': 'h263'},
 416         '13': {'ext': '3gp', 'acodec': 'aac', 'vcodec': 'mp4v'},
 417         '17': {'ext': '3gp', 'width': 176, 'height': 144, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 24, 'vcodec': 'mp4v'},
 418         '18': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 640, 'height': 360, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 96, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 419         '22': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 1280, 'height': 720, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 420         '34': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 640, 'height': 360, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 421         '35': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 422         # itag 36 videos are either 320x180 (BaW_jenozKc) or 320x240 (__2ABJjxzNo), abr varies as well
 423         '36': {'ext': '3gp', 'width': 320, 'acodec': 'aac', 'vcodec': 'mp4v'},
 424         '37': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 1920, 'height': 1080, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 425         '38': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 4096, 'height': 3072, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 426         '43': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 640, 'height': 360, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 427         '44': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 428         '45': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 1280, 'height': 720, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 429         '46': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 1920, 'height': 1080, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 430         '59': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 431         '78': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 432
 433
 434         # 3D videos
 435         '82': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 436         '83': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 437         '84': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 438         '85': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 439         '100': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'vp8', 'preference': -20},
 440         '101': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8', 'preference': -20},
 441         '102': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8', 'preference': -20},
 442
 443         # Apple HTTP Live Streaming
 444         '91': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 445         '92': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 446         '93': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 447         '94': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 448         '95': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 256, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 449         '96': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 256, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 450         '132': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 451         '151': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 72, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 24, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 452
 453         # DASH mp4 video
 454         '133': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 455         '134': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 456         '135': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 457         '136': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 458         '137': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 459         '138': {'ext': 'mp4', 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},  # Height can vary (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4559)
 460         '160': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 461         '212': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 462         '264': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 463         '298': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264', 'fps': 60},
 464         '299': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264', 'fps': 60},
 465         '266': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 466
 467         # Dash mp4 audio
 468         '139': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 469         '140': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 470         '141': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 256, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 471         '256': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 472         '258': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 473         '325': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'dtse', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 474         '328': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'ec-3', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 475
 476         # Dash webm
 477         '167': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'width': 640, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 478         '168': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 479         '169': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'width': 1280, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 480         '170': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'width': 1920, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 481         '218': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 482         '219': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 483         '278': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 484         '242': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 485         '243': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 486         '244': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 487         '245': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 488         '246': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 489         '247': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 490         '248': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 491         '271': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 492         # itag 272 videos are either 3840x2160 (e.g. RtoitU2A-3E) or 7680x4320 (sLprVF6d7Ug)
 493         '272': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 494         '302': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 495         '303': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 496         '308': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 497         '313': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 498         '315': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 499
 500         # Dash webm audio
 501         '171': {'ext': 'webm', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'abr': 128},
 502         '172': {'ext': 'webm', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'abr': 256},
 503
 504         # Dash webm audio with opus inside
 505         '249': {'ext': 'webm', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 50},
 506         '250': {'ext': 'webm', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 70},
 507         '251': {'ext': 'webm', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 160},
 508
 509         # RTMP (unnamed)
 510         '_rtmp': {'protocol': 'rtmp'},
 511
 512         # av01 video only formats sometimes served with "unknown" codecs
 513         '394': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
 514         '395': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
 515         '396': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
 516         '397': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
 517     }
 518     _SUBTITLE_FORMATS = ('srv1', 'srv2', 'srv3', 'ttml', 'vtt')
 519
 520     _GEO_BYPASS = False
 521
 522     IE_NAME = 'youtube'
 523     _TESTS = [
 524         {
 525             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc&t=1s&end=9',
 526             'info_dict': {
 527                 'id': 'BaW_jenozKc',
 528                 'ext': 'mp4',
 529                 'title': 'youtube-dl test video "\'/\\ä↭𝕐',
 530                 'uploader': 'Philipp Hagemeister',
 531                 'uploader_id': 'phihag',
 532                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/phihag',
 533                 'channel_id': 'UCLqxVugv74EIW3VWh2NOa3Q',
 534                 'channel_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCLqxVugv74EIW3VWh2NOa3Q',
 535                 'upload_date': '20121002',
 536                 'description': 'test chars:  "\'/\\ä↭𝕐\ntest URL: https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/1892\n\nThis is a test video for youtube-dl.\n\nFor more information, contact phihag@phihag.de .',
 537                 'categories': ['Science & Technology'],
 538                 'tags': ['youtube-dl'],
 539                 'duration': 10,
 540                 'view_count': int,
 541                 'like_count': int,
 542                 'dislike_count': int,
 543                 'start_time': 1,
 544                 'end_time': 9,
 545             }
 546         },
 547         {
 548             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UxxajLWwzqY',
 549             'note': 'Test generic use_cipher_signature video (#897)',
 550             'info_dict': {
 551                 'id': 'UxxajLWwzqY',
 552                 'ext': 'mp4',
 553                 'upload_date': '20120506',
 554                 'title': 'Icona Pop - I Love It (feat. Charli XCX) [OFFICIAL VIDEO]',
 555                 'alt_title': 'I Love It (feat. Charli XCX)',
 556                 'description': 'md5:f3ceb5ef83a08d95b9d146f973157cc8',
 557                 'tags': ['Icona Pop i love it', 'sweden', 'pop music', 'big beat records', 'big beat', 'charli',
 558                          'xcx', 'charli xcx', 'girls', 'hbo', 'i love it', "i don't care", 'icona', 'pop',
 559                          'iconic ep', 'iconic', 'love', 'it'],
 560                 'duration': 180,
 561                 'uploader': 'Icona Pop',
 562                 'uploader_id': 'IconaPop',
 563                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/IconaPop',
 564                 'creator': 'Icona Pop',
 565                 'track': 'I Love It (feat. Charli XCX)',
 566                 'artist': 'Icona Pop',
 567             }
 568         },
 569         {
 570             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=07FYdnEawAQ',
 571             'note': 'Test VEVO video with age protection (#956)',
 572             'info_dict': {
 573                 'id': '07FYdnEawAQ',
 574                 'ext': 'mp4',
 575                 'upload_date': '20130703',
 576                 'title': 'Justin Timberlake - Tunnel Vision (Official Music Video) (Explicit)',
 577                 'alt_title': 'Tunnel Vision',
 578                 'description': 'md5:07dab3356cde4199048e4c7cd93471e1',
 579                 'duration': 419,
 580                 'uploader': 'justintimberlakeVEVO',
 581                 'uploader_id': 'justintimberlakeVEVO',
 582                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/justintimberlakeVEVO',
 583                 'creator': 'Justin Timberlake',
 584                 'track': 'Tunnel Vision',
 585                 'artist': 'Justin Timberlake',
 586                 'age_limit': 18,
 587             }
 588         },
 589         {
 590             'url': '//www.YouTube.com/watch?v=yZIXLfi8CZQ',
 591             'note': 'Embed-only video (#1746)',
 592             'info_dict': {
 593                 'id': 'yZIXLfi8CZQ',
 594                 'ext': 'mp4',
 595                 'upload_date': '20120608',
 596                 'title': 'Principal Sexually Assaults A Teacher - Episode 117 - 8th June 2012',
 597                 'description': 'md5:09b78bd971f1e3e289601dfba15ca4f7',
 598                 'uploader': 'SET India',
 599                 'uploader_id': 'setindia',
 600                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/setindia',
 601                 'age_limit': 18,
 602             }
 603         },
 604         {
 605             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc&v=UxxajLWwzqY',
 606             'note': 'Use the first video ID in the URL',
 607             'info_dict': {
 608                 'id': 'BaW_jenozKc',
 609                 'ext': 'mp4',
 610                 'title': 'youtube-dl test video "\'/\\ä↭𝕐',
 611                 'uploader': 'Philipp Hagemeister',
 612                 'uploader_id': 'phihag',
 613                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/phihag',
 614                 'upload_date': '20121002',
 615                 'description': 'test chars:  "\'/\\ä↭𝕐\ntest URL: https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/1892\n\nThis is a test video for youtube-dl.\n\nFor more information, contact phihag@phihag.de .',
 616                 'categories': ['Science & Technology'],
 617                 'tags': ['youtube-dl'],
 618                 'duration': 10,
 619                 'view_count': int,
 620                 'like_count': int,
 621                 'dislike_count': int,
 622             },
 623             'params': {
 624                 'skip_download': True,
 625             },
 626         },
 627         {
 628             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a9LDPn-MO4I',
 629             'note': '256k DASH audio (format 141) via DASH manifest',
 630             'info_dict': {
 631                 'id': 'a9LDPn-MO4I',
 632                 'ext': 'm4a',
 633                 'upload_date': '20121002',
 634                 'uploader_id': '8KVIDEO',
 635                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/8KVIDEO',
 636                 'description': '',
 637                 'uploader': '8KVIDEO',
 638                 'title': 'UHDTV TEST 8K VIDEO.mp4'
 639             },
 640             'params': {
 641                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 642                 'format': '141',
 643             },
 644             'skip': 'format 141 not served anymore',
 645         },
 646         # DASH manifest with encrypted signature
 647         {
 648             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IB3lcPjvWLA',
 649             'info_dict': {
 650                 'id': 'IB3lcPjvWLA',
 651                 'ext': 'm4a',
 652                 'title': 'Afrojack, Spree Wilson - The Spark (Official Music Video) ft. Spree Wilson',
 653                 'description': 'md5:8f5e2b82460520b619ccac1f509d43bf',
 654                 'duration': 244,
 655                 'uploader': 'AfrojackVEVO',
 656                 'uploader_id': 'AfrojackVEVO',
 657                 'upload_date': '20131011',
 658             },
 659             'params': {
 660                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 661                 'format': '141/bestaudio[ext=m4a]',
 662             },
 663         },
 664         # JS player signature function name containing $
 665         {
 666             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nfWlot6h_JM',
 667             'info_dict': {
 668                 'id': 'nfWlot6h_JM',
 669                 'ext': 'm4a',
 670                 'title': 'Taylor Swift - Shake It Off',
 671                 'description': 'md5:bec2185232c05479482cb5a9b82719bf',
 672                 'duration': 242,
 673                 'uploader': 'TaylorSwiftVEVO',
 674                 'uploader_id': 'TaylorSwiftVEVO',
 675                 'upload_date': '20140818',
 676                 'creator': 'Taylor Swift',
 677             },
 678             'params': {
 679                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 680                 'format': '141/bestaudio[ext=m4a]',
 681             },
 682         },
 683         # Controversy video
 684         {
 685             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T4XJQO3qol8',
 686             'info_dict': {
 687                 'id': 'T4XJQO3qol8',
 688                 'ext': 'mp4',
 689                 'duration': 219,
 690                 'upload_date': '20100909',
 691                 'uploader': 'Amazing Atheist',
 692                 'uploader_id': 'TheAmazingAtheist',
 693                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/TheAmazingAtheist',
 694                 'title': 'Burning Everyone\'s Koran',
 695                 'description': 'SUBSCRIBE: http://www.youtube.com/saturninefilms\n\nEven Obama has taken a stand against freedom on this issue: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/09/09/obama-gma-interview-quran_n_710282.html',
 696             }
 697         },
 698         # Normal age-gate video (No vevo, embed allowed)
 699         {
 700             'url': 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=HtVdAasjOgU',
 701             'info_dict': {
 702                 'id': 'HtVdAasjOgU',
 703                 'ext': 'mp4',
 704                 'title': 'The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt - The Sword Of Destiny Trailer',
 705                 'description': r're:(?s).{100,}About the Game\n.*?The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt.{100,}',
 706                 'duration': 142,
 707                 'uploader': 'The Witcher',
 708                 'uploader_id': 'WitcherGame',
 709                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/WitcherGame',
 710                 'upload_date': '20140605',
 711                 'age_limit': 18,
 712             },
 713         },
 714         # Age-gate video with encrypted signature
 715         {
 716             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6kLq3WMV1nU',
 717             'info_dict': {
 718                 'id': '6kLq3WMV1nU',
 719                 'ext': 'mp4',
 720                 'title': 'Dedication To My Ex (Miss That) (Lyric Video)',
 721                 'description': 'md5:33765bb339e1b47e7e72b5490139bb41',
 722                 'duration': 246,
 723                 'uploader': 'LloydVEVO',
 724                 'uploader_id': 'LloydVEVO',
 725                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/LloydVEVO',
 726                 'upload_date': '20110629',
 727                 'age_limit': 18,
 728             },
 729         },
 730         # video_info is None (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4421)
 731         # YouTube Red ad is not captured for creator
 732         {
 733             'url': '__2ABJjxzNo',
 734             'info_dict': {
 735                 'id': '__2ABJjxzNo',
 736                 'ext': 'mp4',
 737                 'duration': 266,
 738                 'upload_date': '20100430',
 739                 'uploader_id': 'deadmau5',
 740                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/deadmau5',
 741                 'creator': 'deadmau5',
 742                 'description': 'md5:12c56784b8032162bb936a5f76d55360',
 743                 'uploader': 'deadmau5',
 744                 'title': 'Deadmau5 - Some Chords (HD)',
 745                 'alt_title': 'Some Chords',
 746             },
 747             'expected_warnings': [
 748                 'DASH manifest missing',
 749             ]
 750         },
 751         # Olympics (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4431)
 752         {
 753             'url': 'lqQg6PlCWgI',
 754             'info_dict': {
 755                 'id': 'lqQg6PlCWgI',
 756                 'ext': 'mp4',
 757                 'duration': 6085,
 758                 'upload_date': '20150827',
 759                 'uploader_id': 'olympic',
 760                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/olympic',
 761                 'description': 'HO09  - Women -  GER-AUS - Hockey - 31 July 2012 - London 2012 Olympic Games',
 762                 'uploader': 'Olympic',
 763                 'title': 'Hockey - Women -  GER-AUS - London 2012 Olympic Games',
 764             },
 765             'params': {
 766                 'skip_download': 'requires avconv',
 767             }
 768         },
 769         # Non-square pixels
 770         {
 771             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_b-2C3KPAM0',
 772             'info_dict': {
 773                 'id': '_b-2C3KPAM0',
 774                 'ext': 'mp4',
 775                 'stretched_ratio': 16 / 9.,
 776                 'duration': 85,
 777                 'upload_date': '20110310',
 778                 'uploader_id': 'AllenMeow',
 779                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/AllenMeow',
 780                 'description': 'made by Wacom from Korea | 字幕&加油添醋 by TY\'s Allen | 感謝heylisa00cavey1001同學熱情提供梗及翻譯',
 781                 'uploader': '孫ᄋᄅ',
 782                 'title': '[A-made] 變態妍字幕版 太妍 我就是這樣的人',
 783             },
 784         },
 785         # url_encoded_fmt_stream_map is empty string
 786         {
 787             'url': 'qEJwOuvDf7I',
 788             'info_dict': {
 789                 'id': 'qEJwOuvDf7I',
 790                 'ext': 'webm',
 791                 'title': 'Обсуждение судебной практики по выборам 14 сентября 2014 года в Санкт-Петербурге',
 792                 'description': '',
 793                 'upload_date': '20150404',
 794                 'uploader_id': 'spbelect',
 795                 'uploader': 'Наблюдатели Петербурга',
 796             },
 797             'params': {
 798                 'skip_download': 'requires avconv',
 799             },
 800             'skip': 'This live event has ended.',
 801         },
 802         # Extraction from multiple DASH manifests (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/6097)
 803         {
 804             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FIl7x6_3R5Y',
 805             'info_dict': {
 806                 'id': 'FIl7x6_3R5Y',
 807                 'ext': 'webm',
 808                 'title': 'md5:7b81415841e02ecd4313668cde88737a',
 809                 'description': 'md5:116377fd2963b81ec4ce64b542173306',
 810                 'duration': 220,
 811                 'upload_date': '20150625',
 812                 'uploader_id': 'dorappi2000',
 813                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/dorappi2000',
 814                 'uploader': 'dorappi2000',
 815                 'formats': 'mincount:31',
 816             },
 817             'skip': 'not actual anymore',
 818         },
 819         # DASH manifest with segment_list
 820         {
 821             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/embed/CsmdDsKjzN8',
 822             'md5': '8ce563a1d667b599d21064e982ab9e31',
 823             'info_dict': {
 824                 'id': 'CsmdDsKjzN8',
 825                 'ext': 'mp4',
 826                 'upload_date': '20150501',  # According to '<meta itemprop="datePublished"', but in other places it's 20150510
 827                 'uploader': 'Airtek',
 828                 'description': 'Retransmisión en directo de la XVIII media maratón de Zaragoza.',
 829                 'uploader_id': 'UCzTzUmjXxxacNnL8I3m4LnQ',
 830                 'title': 'Retransmisión XVIII Media maratón Zaragoza 2015',
 831             },
 832             'params': {
 833                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 834                 'format': '135',  # bestvideo
 835             },
 836             'skip': 'This live event has ended.',
 837         },
 838         {
 839             # Multifeed videos (multiple cameras), URL is for Main Camera
 840             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jqWvoWXjCVs',
 841             'info_dict': {
 842                 'id': 'jqWvoWXjCVs',
 843                 'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream',
 844                 'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 845             },
 846             'playlist': [{
 847                 'info_dict': {
 848                     'id': 'jqWvoWXjCVs',
 849                     'ext': 'mp4',
 850                     'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream (Main Camera)',
 851                     'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 852                     'duration': 7335,
 853                     'upload_date': '20150721',
 854                     'uploader': 'Beer Games Beer',
 855                     'uploader_id': 'beergamesbeer',
 856                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/beergamesbeer',
 857                     'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
 858                 },
 859             }, {
 860                 'info_dict': {
 861                     'id': '6h8e8xoXJzg',
 862                     'ext': 'mp4',
 863                     'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream (kreestuh)',
 864                     'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 865                     'duration': 7337,
 866                     'upload_date': '20150721',
 867                     'uploader': 'Beer Games Beer',
 868                     'uploader_id': 'beergamesbeer',
 869                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/beergamesbeer',
 870                     'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
 871                 },
 872             }, {
 873                 'info_dict': {
 874                     'id': 'PUOgX5z9xZw',
 875                     'ext': 'mp4',
 876                     'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream (grizzle)',
 877                     'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 878                     'duration': 7337,
 879                     'upload_date': '20150721',
 880                     'uploader': 'Beer Games Beer',
 881                     'uploader_id': 'beergamesbeer',
 882                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/beergamesbeer',
 883                     'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
 884                 },
 885             }, {
 886                 'info_dict': {
 887                     'id': 'teuwxikvS5k',
 888                     'ext': 'mp4',
 889                     'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream (zim)',
 890                     'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 891                     'duration': 7334,
 892                     'upload_date': '20150721',
 893                     'uploader': 'Beer Games Beer',
 894                     'uploader_id': 'beergamesbeer',
 895                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/beergamesbeer',
 896                     'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
 897                 },
 898             }],
 899             'params': {
 900                 'skip_download': True,
 901             },
 902             'skip': 'This video is not available.',
 903         },
 904         {
 905             # Multifeed video with comma in title (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8536)
 906             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gVfLd0zydlo',
 907             'info_dict': {
 908                 'id': 'gVfLd0zydlo',
 909                 'title': 'DevConf.cz 2016 Day 2 Workshops 1 14:00 - 15:30',
 910             },
 911             'playlist_count': 2,
 912             'skip': 'Not multifeed anymore',
 913         },
 914         {
 915             'url': 'https://vid.plus/FlRa-iH7PGw',
 916             'only_matching': True,
 917         },
 918         {
 919             'url': 'https://zwearz.com/watch/9lWxNJF-ufM/electra-woman-dyna-girl-official-trailer-grace-helbig.html',
 920             'only_matching': True,
 921         },
 922         {
 923             # Title with JS-like syntax "};" (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7468)
 924             # Also tests cut-off URL expansion in video description (see
 925             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/1892,
 926             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8164)
 927             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lsguqyKfVQg',
 928             'info_dict': {
 929                 'id': 'lsguqyKfVQg',
 930                 'ext': 'mp4',
 931                 'title': '{dark walk}; Loki/AC/Dishonored; collab w/Elflover21',
 932                 'alt_title': 'Dark Walk - Position Music',
 933                 'description': 'md5:8085699c11dc3f597ce0410b0dcbb34a',
 934                 'duration': 133,
 935                 'upload_date': '20151119',
 936                 'uploader_id': 'IronSoulElf',
 937                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/IronSoulElf',
 938                 'uploader': 'IronSoulElf',
 939                 'creator': 'Todd Haberman,  Daniel Law Heath and Aaron Kaplan',
 940                 'track': 'Dark Walk - Position Music',
 941                 'artist': 'Todd Haberman,  Daniel Law Heath and Aaron Kaplan',
 942                 'album': 'Position Music - Production Music Vol. 143 - Dark Walk',
 943             },
 944             'params': {
 945                 'skip_download': True,
 946             },
 947         },
 948         {
 949             # Tags with '};' (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7468)
 950             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ms7iBXnlUO8',
 951             'only_matching': True,
 952         },
 953         {
 954             # Video with yt:stretch=17:0
 955             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q39EVAstoRM',
 956             'info_dict': {
 957                 'id': 'Q39EVAstoRM',
 958                 'ext': 'mp4',
 959                 'title': 'Clash Of Clans#14 Dicas De Ataque Para CV 4',
 960                 'description': 'md5:ee18a25c350637c8faff806845bddee9',
 961                 'upload_date': '20151107',
 962                 'uploader_id': 'UCCr7TALkRbo3EtFzETQF1LA',
 963                 'uploader': 'CH GAMER DROID',
 964             },
 965             'params': {
 966                 'skip_download': True,
 967             },
 968             'skip': 'This video does not exist.',
 969         },
 970         {
 971             # Video licensed under Creative Commons
 972             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M4gD1WSo5mA',
 973             'info_dict': {
 974                 'id': 'M4gD1WSo5mA',
 975                 'ext': 'mp4',
 976                 'title': 'md5:e41008789470fc2533a3252216f1c1d1',
 977                 'description': 'md5:a677553cf0840649b731a3024aeff4cc',
 978                 'duration': 721,
 979                 'upload_date': '20150127',
 980                 'uploader_id': 'BerkmanCenter',
 981                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/BerkmanCenter',
 982                 'uploader': 'The Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society',
 983                 'license': 'Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed)',
 984             },
 985             'params': {
 986                 'skip_download': True,
 987             },
 988         },
 989         {
 990             # Channel-like uploader_url
 991             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eQcmzGIKrzg',
 992             'info_dict': {
 993                 'id': 'eQcmzGIKrzg',
 994                 'ext': 'mp4',
 995                 'title': 'Democratic Socialism and Foreign Policy | Bernie Sanders',
 996                 'description': 'md5:dda0d780d5a6e120758d1711d062a867',
 997                 'duration': 4060,
 998                 'upload_date': '20151119',
 999                 'uploader': 'Bernie Sanders',
1000                 'uploader_id': 'UCH1dpzjCEiGAt8CXkryhkZg',
1001                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCH1dpzjCEiGAt8CXkryhkZg',
1002                 'license': 'Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed)',
1003             },
1004             'params': {
1005                 'skip_download': True,
1006             },
1007         },
1008         {
1009             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;amp;v=V36LpHqtcDY',
1010             'only_matching': True,
1011         },
1012         {
1013             # YouTube Red paid video (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/10059)
1014             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i1Ko8UG-Tdo',
1015             'only_matching': True,
1016         },
1017         {
1018             # Rental video preview
1019             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yYr8q0y5Jfg',
1020             'info_dict': {
1021                 'id': 'uGpuVWrhIzE',
1022                 'ext': 'mp4',
1023                 'title': 'Piku - Trailer',
1024                 'description': 'md5:c36bd60c3fd6f1954086c083c72092eb',
1025                 'upload_date': '20150811',
1026                 'uploader': 'FlixMatrix',
1027                 'uploader_id': 'FlixMatrixKaravan',
1028                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/FlixMatrixKaravan',
1029                 'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
1030             },
1031             'params': {
1032                 'skip_download': True,
1033             },
1034             'skip': 'This video is not available.',
1035         },
1036         {
1037             # YouTube Red video with episode data
1038             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iqKdEhx-dD4',
1039             'info_dict': {
1040                 'id': 'iqKdEhx-dD4',
1041                 'ext': 'mp4',
1042                 'title': 'Isolation - Mind Field (Ep 1)',
1043                 'description': 'md5:46a29be4ceffa65b92d277b93f463c0f',
1044                 'duration': 2085,
1045                 'upload_date': '20170118',
1046                 'uploader': 'Vsauce',
1047                 'uploader_id': 'Vsauce',
1048                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/Vsauce',
1049                 'series': 'Mind Field',
1050                 'season_number': 1,
1051                 'episode_number': 1,
1052             },
1053             'params': {
1054                 'skip_download': True,
1055             },
1056             'expected_warnings': [
1057                 'Skipping DASH manifest',
1058             ],
1059         },
1060         {
1061             # The following content has been identified by the YouTube community
1062             # as inappropriate or offensive to some audiences.
1063             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6SJNVb0GnPI',
1064             'info_dict': {
1065                 'id': '6SJNVb0GnPI',
1066                 'ext': 'mp4',
1067                 'title': 'Race Differences in Intelligence',
1068                 'description': 'md5:5d161533167390427a1f8ee89a1fc6f1',
1069                 'duration': 965,
1070                 'upload_date': '20140124',
1071                 'uploader': 'New Century Foundation',
1072                 'uploader_id': 'UCEJYpZGqgUob0zVVEaLhvVg',
1073                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCEJYpZGqgUob0zVVEaLhvVg',
1074             },
1075             'params': {
1076                 'skip_download': True,
1077             },
1078         },
1079         {
1080             # itag 212
1081             'url': '1t24XAntNCY',
1082             'only_matching': True,
1083         },
1084         {
1085             # geo restricted to JP
1086             'url': 'sJL6WA-aGkQ',
1087             'only_matching': True,
1088         },
1089         {
1090             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MuAGGZNfUkU&list=RDMM',
1091             'only_matching': True,
1092         },
1093         {
1094             'url': 'https://invidio.us/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc',
1095             'only_matching': True,
1096         },
1097         {
1098             # DRM protected
1099             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s7_qI6_mIXc',
1100             'only_matching': True,
1101         },
1102         {
1103             # Video with unsupported adaptive stream type formats
1104             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z4Vy8R84T1U',
1105             'info_dict': {
1106                 'id': 'Z4Vy8R84T1U',
1107                 'ext': 'mp4',
1108                 'title': 'saman SMAN 53 Jakarta(Sancety) opening COFFEE4th at SMAN 53 Jakarta',
1109                 'description': 'md5:d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e',
1110                 'duration': 433,
1111                 'upload_date': '20130923',
1112                 'uploader': 'Amelia Putri Harwita',
1113                 'uploader_id': 'UCpOxM49HJxmC1qCalXyB3_Q',
1114                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCpOxM49HJxmC1qCalXyB3_Q',
1115                 'formats': 'maxcount:10',
1116             },
1117             'params': {
1118                 'skip_download': True,
1119                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': False,
1120             },
1121         },
1122         {
1123             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1124             'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/watch?v=MgNrAu2pzNs',
1125             'info_dict': {
1126                 'id': 'MgNrAu2pzNs',
1127                 'ext': 'mp4',
1128                 'title': 'Voyeur Girl',
1129                 'description': 'md5:7ae382a65843d6df2685993e90a8628f',
1130                 'upload_date': '20190312',
1131                 'uploader': 'Various Artists - Topic',
1132                 'uploader_id': 'UCVWKBi1ELZn0QX2CBLSkiyw',
1133                 'artist': 'Stephen',
1134                 'track': 'Voyeur Girl',
1135                 'album': 'it\'s too much love to know my dear',
1136                 'release_date': '20190313',
1137                 'release_year': 2019,
1138             },
1139             'params': {
1140                 'skip_download': True,
1141             },
1142         },
1143         {
1144             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1145             # Retrieve 'artist' field from 'Artist:' in video description
1146             # when it is present on youtube music video
1147             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k0jLE7tTwjY',
1148             'info_dict': {
1149                 'id': 'k0jLE7tTwjY',
1150                 'ext': 'mp4',
1151                 'title': 'Latch Feat. Sam Smith',
1152                 'description': 'md5:3cb1e8101a7c85fcba9b4fb41b951335',
1153                 'upload_date': '20150110',
1154                 'uploader': 'Various Artists - Topic',
1155                 'uploader_id': 'UCNkEcmYdjrH4RqtNgh7BZ9w',
1156                 'artist': 'Disclosure',
1157                 'track': 'Latch Feat. Sam Smith',
1158                 'album': 'Latch Featuring Sam Smith',
1159                 'release_date': '20121008',
1160                 'release_year': 2012,
1161             },
1162             'params': {
1163                 'skip_download': True,
1164             },
1165         },
1166         {
1167             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1168             # handle multiple artists on youtube music video
1169             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=74qn0eJSjpA',
1170             'info_dict': {
1171                 'id': '74qn0eJSjpA',
1172                 'ext': 'mp4',
1173                 'title': 'Eastside',
1174                 'description': 'md5:290516bb73dcbfab0dcc4efe6c3de5f2',
1175                 'upload_date': '20180710',
1176                 'uploader': 'Benny Blanco - Topic',
1177                 'uploader_id': 'UCzqz_ksRu_WkIzmivMdIS7A',
1178                 'artist': 'benny blanco, Halsey, Khalid',
1179                 'track': 'Eastside',
1180                 'album': 'Eastside',
1181                 'release_date': '20180713',
1182                 'release_year': 2018,
1183             },
1184             'params': {
1185                 'skip_download': True,
1186             },
1187         },
1188         {
1189             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1190             # handle youtube music video with release_year and no release_date
1191             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-hcAI0g-f5M',
1192             'info_dict': {
1193                 'id': '-hcAI0g-f5M',
1194                 'ext': 'mp4',
1195                 'title': 'Put It On Me',
1196                 'description': 'md5:93c55acc682ae7b0c668f2e34e1c069e',
1197                 'upload_date': '20180426',
1198                 'uploader': 'Matt Maeson - Topic',
1199                 'uploader_id': 'UCnEkIGqtGcQMLk73Kp-Q5LQ',
1200                 'artist': 'Matt Maeson',
1201                 'track': 'Put It On Me',
1202                 'album': 'The Hearse',
1203                 'release_date': None,
1204                 'release_year': 2018,
1205             },
1206             'params': {
1207                 'skip_download': True,
1208             },
1209         },
1210     ]
1211
1212     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
1213         super(YoutubeIE, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
1214         self._player_cache = {}
1215
1216     def report_video_info_webpage_download(self, video_id):
1217         """Report attempt to download video info webpage."""
1218         self.to_screen('%s: Downloading video info webpage' % video_id)
1219
1220     def report_information_extraction(self, video_id):
1221         """Report attempt to extract video information."""
1222         self.to_screen('%s: Extracting video information' % video_id)
1223
1224     def report_unavailable_format(self, video_id, format):
1225         """Report extracted video URL."""
1226         self.to_screen('%s: Format %s not available' % (video_id, format))
1227
1228     def report_rtmp_download(self):
1229         """Indicate the download will use the RTMP protocol."""
1230         self.to_screen('RTMP download detected')
1231
1232     def _signature_cache_id(self, example_sig):
1233         """ Return a string representation of a signature """
1234         return '.'.join(compat_str(len(part)) for part in example_sig.split('.'))
1235
1236     def _extract_signature_function(self, video_id, player_url, example_sig):
1237         id_m = re.match(
1238             r'.*?-(?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)(?:/watch_as3|/html5player(?:-new)?|(?:/[a-z]{2,3}_[A-Z]{2})?/base)?\.(?P<ext>[a-z]+)$',
1239             player_url)
1240         if not id_m:
1241             raise ExtractorError('Cannot identify player %r' % player_url)
1242         player_type = id_m.group('ext')
1243         player_id = id_m.group('id')
1244
1245         # Read from filesystem cache
1246         func_id = '%s_%s_%s' % (
1247             player_type, player_id, self._signature_cache_id(example_sig))
1248         assert os.path.basename(func_id) == func_id
1249
1250         cache_spec = self._downloader.cache.load('youtube-sigfuncs', func_id)
1251         if cache_spec is not None:
1252             return lambda s: ''.join(s[i] for i in cache_spec)
1253
1254         download_note = (
1255             'Downloading player %s' % player_url
1256             if self._downloader.params.get('verbose') else
1257             'Downloading %s player %s' % (player_type, player_id)
1258         )
1259         if player_type == 'js':
1260             code = self._download_webpage(
1261                 player_url, video_id,
1262                 note=download_note,
1263                 errnote='Download of %s failed' % player_url)
1264             res = self._parse_sig_js(code)
1265         elif player_type == 'swf':
1266             urlh = self._request_webpage(
1267                 player_url, video_id,
1268                 note=download_note,
1269                 errnote='Download of %s failed' % player_url)
1270             code = urlh.read()
1271             res = self._parse_sig_swf(code)
1272         else:
1273             assert False, 'Invalid player type %r' % player_type
1274
1275         test_string = ''.join(map(compat_chr, range(len(example_sig))))
1276         cache_res = res(test_string)
1277         cache_spec = [ord(c) for c in cache_res]
1278
1279         self._downloader.cache.store('youtube-sigfuncs', func_id, cache_spec)
1280         return res
1281
1282     def _print_sig_code(self, func, example_sig):
1283         def gen_sig_code(idxs):
1284             def _genslice(start, end, step):
1285                 starts = '' if start == 0 else str(start)
1286                 ends = (':%d' % (end + step)) if end + step >= 0 else ':'
1287                 steps = '' if step == 1 else (':%d' % step)
1288                 return 's[%s%s%s]' % (starts, ends, steps)
1289
1290             step = None
1291             # Quelch pyflakes warnings - start will be set when step is set
1292             start = '(Never used)'
1293             for i, prev in zip(idxs[1:], idxs[:-1]):
1294                 if step is not None:
1295                     if i - prev == step:
1296                         continue
1297                     yield _genslice(start, prev, step)
1298                     step = None
1299                     continue
1300                 if i - prev in [-1, 1]:
1301                     step = i - prev
1302                     start = prev
1303                     continue
1304                 else:
1305                     yield 's[%d]' % prev
1306             if step is None:
1307                 yield 's[%d]' % i
1308             else:
1309                 yield _genslice(start, i, step)
1310
1311         test_string = ''.join(map(compat_chr, range(len(example_sig))))
1312         cache_res = func(test_string)
1313         cache_spec = [ord(c) for c in cache_res]
1314         expr_code = ' + '.join(gen_sig_code(cache_spec))
1315         signature_id_tuple = '(%s)' % (
1316             ', '.join(compat_str(len(p)) for p in example_sig.split('.')))
1317         code = ('if tuple(len(p) for p in s.split(\'.\')) == %s:\n'
1318                 '    return %s\n') % (signature_id_tuple, expr_code)
1319         self.to_screen('Extracted signature function:\n' + code)
1320
1321     def _parse_sig_js(self, jscode):
1322         funcname = self._search_regex(
1323             (r'\b[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*encodeURIComponent\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1324              r'\b[a-zA-Z0-9]+\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*encodeURIComponent\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1325              r'(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\s*=\s*function\(\s*a\s*\)\s*{\s*a\s*=\s*a\.split\(\s*""\s*\)',
1326              # Obsolete patterns
1327              r'(["\'])signature\1\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1328              r'\.sig\|\|(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1329              r'yt\.akamaized\.net/\)\s*\|\|\s*.*?\s*[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?:encodeURIComponent\s*\()?\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1330              r'\b[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1331              r'\b[a-zA-Z0-9]+\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1332              r'\bc\s*&&\s*a\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*\([^)]*\)\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1333              r'\bc\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*\([^)]*\)\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1334              r'\bc\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*\([^)]*\)\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\('),
1335             jscode, 'Initial JS player signature function name', group='sig')
1336
1337         jsi = JSInterpreter(jscode)
1338         initial_function = jsi.extract_function(funcname)
1339         return lambda s: initial_function([s])
1340
1341     def _parse_sig_swf(self, file_contents):
1342         swfi = SWFInterpreter(file_contents)
1343         TARGET_CLASSNAME = 'SignatureDecipher'
1344         searched_class = swfi.extract_class(TARGET_CLASSNAME)
1345         initial_function = swfi.extract_function(searched_class, 'decipher')
1346         return lambda s: initial_function([s])
1347
1348     def _decrypt_signature(self, s, video_id, player_url, age_gate=False):
1349         """Turn the encrypted s field into a working signature"""
1350
1351         if player_url is None:
1352             raise ExtractorError('Cannot decrypt signature without player_url')
1353
1354         if player_url.startswith('//'):
1355             player_url = 'https:' + player_url
1356         elif not re.match(r'https?://', player_url):
1357             player_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin(
1358                 'https://www.youtube.com', player_url)
1359         try:
1360             player_id = (player_url, self._signature_cache_id(s))
1361             if player_id not in self._player_cache:
1362                 func = self._extract_signature_function(
1363                     video_id, player_url, s
1364                 )
1365                 self._player_cache[player_id] = func
1366             func = self._player_cache[player_id]
1367             if self._downloader.params.get('youtube_print_sig_code'):
1368                 self._print_sig_code(func, s)
1369             return func(s)
1370         except Exception as e:
1371             tb = traceback.format_exc()
1372             raise ExtractorError(
1373                 'Signature extraction failed: ' + tb, cause=e)
1374
1375     def _get_subtitles(self, video_id, webpage):
1376         try:
1377             subs_doc = self._download_xml(
1378                 'https://video.google.com/timedtext?hl=en&type=list&v=%s' % video_id,
1379                 video_id, note=False)
1380         except ExtractorError as err:
1381             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to download video subtitles: %s' % error_to_compat_str(err))
1382             return {}
1383
1384         sub_lang_list = {}
1385         for track in subs_doc.findall('track'):
1386             lang = track.attrib['lang_code']
1387             if lang in sub_lang_list:
1388                 continue
1389             sub_formats = []
1390             for ext in self._SUBTITLE_FORMATS:
1391                 params = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
1392                     'lang': lang,
1393                     'v': video_id,
1394                     'fmt': ext,
1395                     'name': track.attrib['name'].encode('utf-8'),
1396                 })
1397                 sub_formats.append({
1398                     'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/api/timedtext?' + params,
1399                     'ext': ext,
1400                 })
1401             sub_lang_list[lang] = sub_formats
1402         if not sub_lang_list:
1403             self._downloader.report_warning('video doesn\'t have subtitles')
1404             return {}
1405         return sub_lang_list
1406
1407     def _get_ytplayer_config(self, video_id, webpage):
1408         patterns = (
1409             # User data may contain arbitrary character sequences that may affect
1410             # JSON extraction with regex, e.g. when '};' is contained the second
1411             # regex won't capture the whole JSON. Yet working around by trying more
1412             # concrete regex first keeping in mind proper quoted string handling
1413             # to be implemented in future that will replace this workaround (see
1414             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7468,
1415             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/7599)
1416             r';ytplayer\.config\s*=\s*({.+?});ytplayer',
1417             r';ytplayer\.config\s*=\s*({.+?});',
1418         )
1419         config = self._search_regex(
1420             patterns, webpage, 'ytplayer.config', default=None)
1421         if config:
1422             return self._parse_json(
1423                 uppercase_escape(config), video_id, fatal=False)
1424
1425     def _get_automatic_captions(self, video_id, webpage):
1426         """We need the webpage for getting the captions url, pass it as an
1427            argument to speed up the process."""
1428         self.to_screen('%s: Looking for automatic captions' % video_id)
1429         player_config = self._get_ytplayer_config(video_id, webpage)
1430         err_msg = 'Couldn\'t find automatic captions for %s' % video_id
1431         if not player_config:
1432             self._downloader.report_warning(err_msg)
1433             return {}
1434         try:
1435             args = player_config['args']
1436             caption_url = args.get('ttsurl')
1437             if caption_url:
1438                 timestamp = args['timestamp']
1439                 # We get the available subtitles
1440                 list_params = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
1441                     'type': 'list',
1442                     'tlangs': 1,
1443                     'asrs': 1,
1444                 })
1445                 list_url = caption_url + '&' + list_params
1446                 caption_list = self._download_xml(list_url, video_id)
1447                 original_lang_node = caption_list.find('track')
1448                 if original_lang_node is None:
1449                     self._downloader.report_warning('Video doesn\'t have automatic captions')
1450                     return {}
1451                 original_lang = original_lang_node.attrib['lang_code']
1452                 caption_kind = original_lang_node.attrib.get('kind', '')
1453
1454                 sub_lang_list = {}
1455                 for lang_node in caption_list.findall('target'):
1456                     sub_lang = lang_node.attrib['lang_code']
1457                     sub_formats = []
1458                     for ext in self._SUBTITLE_FORMATS:
1459                         params = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
1460                             'lang': original_lang,
1461                             'tlang': sub_lang,
1462                             'fmt': ext,
1463                             'ts': timestamp,
1464                             'kind': caption_kind,
1465                         })
1466                         sub_formats.append({
1467                             'url': caption_url + '&' + params,
1468                             'ext': ext,
1469                         })
1470                     sub_lang_list[sub_lang] = sub_formats
1471                 return sub_lang_list
1472
1473             def make_captions(sub_url, sub_langs):
1474                 parsed_sub_url = compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(sub_url)
1475                 caption_qs = compat_parse_qs(parsed_sub_url.query)
1476                 captions = {}
1477                 for sub_lang in sub_langs:
1478                     sub_formats = []
1479                     for ext in self._SUBTITLE_FORMATS:
1480                         caption_qs.update({
1481                             'tlang': [sub_lang],
1482                             'fmt': [ext],
1483                         })
1484                         sub_url = compat_urlparse.urlunparse(parsed_sub_url._replace(
1485                             query=compat_urllib_parse_urlencode(caption_qs, True)))
1486                         sub_formats.append({
1487                             'url': sub_url,
1488                             'ext': ext,
1489                         })
1490                     captions[sub_lang] = sub_formats
1491                 return captions
1492
1493             # New captions format as of 22.06.2017
1494             player_response = args.get('player_response')
1495             if player_response and isinstance(player_response, compat_str):
1496                 player_response = self._parse_json(
1497                     player_response, video_id, fatal=False)
1498                 if player_response:
1499                     renderer = player_response['captions']['playerCaptionsTracklistRenderer']
1500                     base_url = renderer['captionTracks'][0]['baseUrl']
1501                     sub_lang_list = []
1502                     for lang in renderer['translationLanguages']:
1503                         lang_code = lang.get('languageCode')
1504                         if lang_code:
1505                             sub_lang_list.append(lang_code)
1506                     return make_captions(base_url, sub_lang_list)
1507
1508             # Some videos don't provide ttsurl but rather caption_tracks and
1509             # caption_translation_languages (e.g. 20LmZk1hakA)
1510             # Does not used anymore as of 22.06.2017
1511             caption_tracks = args['caption_tracks']
1512             caption_translation_languages = args['caption_translation_languages']
1513             caption_url = compat_parse_qs(caption_tracks.split(',')[0])['u'][0]
1514             sub_lang_list = []
1515             for lang in caption_translation_languages.split(','):
1516                 lang_qs = compat_parse_qs(compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(lang))
1517                 sub_lang = lang_qs.get('lc', [None])[0]
1518                 if sub_lang:
1519                     sub_lang_list.append(sub_lang)
1520             return make_captions(caption_url, sub_lang_list)
1521         # An extractor error can be raise by the download process if there are
1522         # no automatic captions but there are subtitles
1523         except (KeyError, IndexError, ExtractorError):
1524             self._downloader.report_warning(err_msg)
1525             return {}
1526
1527     def _mark_watched(self, video_id, video_info, player_response):
1528         playback_url = url_or_none(try_get(
1529             player_response,
1530             lambda x: x['playbackTracking']['videostatsPlaybackUrl']['baseUrl']) or try_get(
1531             video_info, lambda x: x['videostats_playback_base_url'][0]))
1532         if not playback_url:
1533             return
1534         parsed_playback_url = compat_urlparse.urlparse(playback_url)
1535         qs = compat_urlparse.parse_qs(parsed_playback_url.query)
1536
1537         # cpn generation algorithm is reverse engineered from base.js.
1538         # In fact it works even with dummy cpn.
1539         CPN_ALPHABET = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789-_'
1540         cpn = ''.join((CPN_ALPHABET[random.randint(0, 256) & 63] for _ in range(0, 16)))
1541
1542         qs.update({
1543             'ver': ['2'],
1544             'cpn': [cpn],
1545         })
1546         playback_url = compat_urlparse.urlunparse(
1547             parsed_playback_url._replace(query=compat_urllib_parse_urlencode(qs, True)))
1548
1549         self._download_webpage(
1550             playback_url, video_id, 'Marking watched',
1551             'Unable to mark watched', fatal=False)
1552
1553     @staticmethod
1554     def _extract_urls(webpage):
1555         # Embedded YouTube player
1556         entries = [
1557             unescapeHTML(mobj.group('url'))
1558             for mobj in re.finditer(r'''(?x)
1559             (?:
1560                 <iframe[^>]+?src=|
1561                 data-video-url=|
1562                 <embed[^>]+?src=|
1563                 embedSWF\(?:\s*|
1564                 <object[^>]+data=|
1565                 new\s+SWFObject\(
1566             )
1567             (["\'])
1568                 (?P<url>(?:https?:)?//(?:www\.)?youtube(?:-nocookie)?\.com/
1569                 (?:embed|v|p)/[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}.*?)
1570             \1''', webpage)]
1571
1572         # lazyYT YouTube embed
1573         entries.extend(list(map(
1574             unescapeHTML,
1575             re.findall(r'class="lazyYT" data-youtube-id="([^"]+)"', webpage))))
1576
1577         # Wordpress "YouTube Video Importer" plugin
1578         matches = re.findall(r'''(?x)<div[^>]+
1579             class=(?P<q1>[\'"])[^\'"]*\byvii_single_video_player\b[^\'"]*(?P=q1)[^>]+
1580             data-video_id=(?P<q2>[\'"])([^\'"]+)(?P=q2)''', webpage)
1581         entries.extend(m[-1] for m in matches)
1582
1583         return entries
1584
1585     @staticmethod
1586     def _extract_url(webpage):
1587         urls = YoutubeIE._extract_urls(webpage)
1588         return urls[0] if urls else None
1589
1590     @classmethod
1591     def extract_id(cls, url):
1592         mobj = re.match(cls._VALID_URL, url, re.VERBOSE)
1593         if mobj is None:
1594             raise ExtractorError('Invalid URL: %s' % url)
1595         video_id = mobj.group(2)
1596         return video_id
1597
1598     def _extract_annotations(self, video_id):
1599         return self._download_webpage(
1600             'https://www.youtube.com/annotations_invideo', video_id,
1601             note='Downloading annotations',
1602             errnote='Unable to download video annotations', fatal=False,
1603             query={
1604                 'features': 1,
1605                 'legacy': 1,
1606                 'video_id': video_id,
1607             })
1608
1609     @staticmethod
1610     def _extract_chapters(description, duration):
1611         if not description:
1612             return None
1613         chapter_lines = re.findall(
1614             r'(?:^|<br\s*/>)([^<]*<a[^>]+onclick=["\']yt\.www\.watch\.player\.seekTo[^>]+>(\d{1,2}:\d{1,2}(?::\d{1,2})?)</a>[^>]*)(?=$|<br\s*/>)',
1615             description)
1616         if not chapter_lines:
1617             return None
1618         chapters = []
1619         for next_num, (chapter_line, time_point) in enumerate(
1620                 chapter_lines, start=1):
1621             start_time = parse_duration(time_point)
1622             if start_time is None:
1623                 continue
1624             if start_time > duration:
1625                 break
1626             end_time = (duration if next_num == len(chapter_lines)
1627                         else parse_duration(chapter_lines[next_num][1]))
1628             if end_time is None:
1629                 continue
1630             if end_time > duration:
1631                 end_time = duration
1632             if start_time > end_time:
1633                 break
1634             chapter_title = re.sub(
1635                 r'<a[^>]+>[^<]+</a>', '', chapter_line).strip(' \t-')
1636             chapter_title = re.sub(r'\s+', ' ', chapter_title)
1637             chapters.append({
1638                 'start_time': start_time,
1639                 'end_time': end_time,
1640                 'title': chapter_title,
1641             })
1642         return chapters
1643
1644     def _real_extract(self, url):
1645         url, smuggled_data = unsmuggle_url(url, {})
1646
1647         proto = (
1648             'http' if self._downloader.params.get('prefer_insecure', False)
1649             else 'https')
1650
1651         start_time = None
1652         end_time = None
1653         parsed_url = compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(url)
1654         for component in [parsed_url.fragment, parsed_url.query]:
1655             query = compat_parse_qs(component)
1656             if start_time is None and 't' in query:
1657                 start_time = parse_duration(query['t'][0])
1658             if start_time is None and 'start' in query:
1659                 start_time = parse_duration(query['start'][0])
1660             if end_time is None and 'end' in query:
1661                 end_time = parse_duration(query['end'][0])
1662
1663         # Extract original video URL from URL with redirection, like age verification, using next_url parameter
1664         mobj = re.search(self._NEXT_URL_RE, url)
1665         if mobj:
1666             url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/' + compat_urllib_parse_unquote(mobj.group(1)).lstrip('/')
1667         video_id = self.extract_id(url)
1668
1669         # Get video webpage
1670         url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s&gl=US&hl=en&has_verified=1&bpctr=9999999999' % video_id
1671         video_webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
1672
1673         # Attempt to extract SWF player URL
1674         mobj = re.search(r'swfConfig.*?"(https?:\\/\\/.*?watch.*?-.*?\.swf)"', video_webpage)
1675         if mobj is not None:
1676             player_url = re.sub(r'\\(.)', r'\1', mobj.group(1))
1677         else:
1678             player_url = None
1679
1680         dash_mpds = []
1681
1682         def add_dash_mpd(video_info):
1683             dash_mpd = video_info.get('dashmpd')
1684             if dash_mpd and dash_mpd[0] not in dash_mpds:
1685                 dash_mpds.append(dash_mpd[0])
1686
1687         def add_dash_mpd_pr(pl_response):
1688             dash_mpd = url_or_none(try_get(
1689                 pl_response, lambda x: x['streamingData']['dashManifestUrl'],
1690                 compat_str))
1691             if dash_mpd and dash_mpd not in dash_mpds:
1692                 dash_mpds.append(dash_mpd)
1693
1694         is_live = None
1695         view_count = None
1696
1697         def extract_view_count(v_info):
1698             return int_or_none(try_get(v_info, lambda x: x['view_count'][0]))
1699
1700         def extract_token(v_info):
1701             return dict_get(v_info, ('account_playback_token', 'accountPlaybackToken', 'token'))
1702
1703         def extract_player_response(player_response, video_id):
1704             pl_response = str_or_none(player_response)
1705             if not pl_response:
1706                 return
1707             pl_response = self._parse_json(pl_response, video_id, fatal=False)
1708             if isinstance(pl_response, dict):
1709                 add_dash_mpd_pr(pl_response)
1710                 return pl_response
1711
1712         player_response = {}
1713
1714         # Get video info
1715         embed_webpage = None
1716         if re.search(r'player-age-gate-content">', video_webpage) is not None:
1717             age_gate = True
1718             # We simulate the access to the video from www.youtube.com/v/{video_id}
1719             # this can be viewed without login into Youtube
1720             url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/embed/%s' % video_id
1721             embed_webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id, 'Downloading embed webpage')
1722             data = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
1723                 'video_id': video_id,
1724                 'eurl': 'https://youtube.googleapis.com/v/' + video_id,
1725                 'sts': self._search_regex(
1726                     r'"sts"\s*:\s*(\d+)', embed_webpage, 'sts', default=''),
1727             })
1728             video_info_url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/get_video_info?' + data
1729             video_info_webpage = self._download_webpage(
1730                 video_info_url, video_id,
1731                 note='Refetching age-gated info webpage',
1732                 errnote='unable to download video info webpage')
1733             video_info = compat_parse_qs(video_info_webpage)
1734             pl_response = video_info.get('player_response', [None])[0]
1735             player_response = extract_player_response(pl_response, video_id)
1736             add_dash_mpd(video_info)
1737             view_count = extract_view_count(video_info)
1738         else:
1739             age_gate = False
1740             video_info = None
1741             sts = None
1742             # Try looking directly into the video webpage
1743             ytplayer_config = self._get_ytplayer_config(video_id, video_webpage)
1744             if ytplayer_config:
1745                 args = ytplayer_config['args']
1746                 if args.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map') or args.get('hlsvp'):
1747                     # Convert to the same format returned by compat_parse_qs
1748                     video_info = dict((k, [v]) for k, v in args.items())
1749                     add_dash_mpd(video_info)
1750                 # Rental video is not rented but preview is available (e.g.
1751                 # https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yYr8q0y5Jfg,
1752                 # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/10532)
1753                 if not video_info and args.get('ypc_vid'):
1754                     return self.url_result(
1755                         args['ypc_vid'], YoutubeIE.ie_key(), video_id=args['ypc_vid'])
1756                 if args.get('livestream') == '1' or args.get('live_playback') == 1:
1757                     is_live = True
1758                 sts = ytplayer_config.get('sts')
1759                 if not player_response:
1760                     player_response = extract_player_response(args.get('player_response'), video_id)
1761             if not video_info or self._downloader.params.get('youtube_include_dash_manifest', True):
1762                 add_dash_mpd_pr(player_response)
1763                 # We also try looking in get_video_info since it may contain different dashmpd
1764                 # URL that points to a DASH manifest with possibly different itag set (some itags
1765                 # are missing from DASH manifest pointed by webpage's dashmpd, some - from DASH
1766                 # manifest pointed by get_video_info's dashmpd).
1767                 # The general idea is to take a union of itags of both DASH manifests (for example
1768                 # video with such 'manifest behavior' see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/6093)
1769                 self.report_video_info_webpage_download(video_id)
1770                 for el in ('embedded', 'detailpage', 'vevo', ''):
1771                     query = {
1772                         'video_id': video_id,
1773                         'ps': 'default',
1774                         'eurl': '',
1775                         'gl': 'US',
1776                         'hl': 'en',
1777                     }
1778                     if el:
1779                         query['el'] = el
1780                     if sts:
1781                         query['sts'] = sts
1782                     video_info_webpage = self._download_webpage(
1783                         '%s://www.youtube.com/get_video_info' % proto,
1784                         video_id, note=False,
1785                         errnote='unable to download video info webpage',
1786                         fatal=False, query=query)
1787                     if not video_info_webpage:
1788                         continue
1789                     get_video_info = compat_parse_qs(video_info_webpage)
1790                     if not player_response:
1791                         pl_response = get_video_info.get('player_response', [None])[0]
1792                         player_response = extract_player_response(pl_response, video_id)
1793                     add_dash_mpd(get_video_info)
1794                     if view_count is None:
1795                         view_count = extract_view_count(get_video_info)
1796                     if not video_info:
1797                         video_info = get_video_info
1798                     get_token = extract_token(get_video_info)
1799                     if get_token:
1800                         # Different get_video_info requests may report different results, e.g.
1801                         # some may report video unavailability, but some may serve it without
1802                         # any complaint (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7362,
1803                         # the original webpage as well as el=info and el=embedded get_video_info
1804                         # requests report video unavailability due to geo restriction while
1805                         # el=detailpage succeeds and returns valid data). This is probably
1806                         # due to YouTube measures against IP ranges of hosting providers.
1807                         # Working around by preferring the first succeeded video_info containing
1808                         # the token if no such video_info yet was found.
1809                         token = extract_token(video_info)
1810                         if not token:
1811                             video_info = get_video_info
1812                         break
1813
1814         def extract_unavailable_message():
1815             return self._html_search_regex(
1816                 (r'(?s)<div[^>]+id=["\']unavailable-submessage["\'][^>]+>(.+?)</div',
1817                  r'(?s)<h1[^>]+id=["\']unavailable-message["\'][^>]*>(.+?)</h1>'),
1818                 video_webpage, 'unavailable message', default=None)
1819
1820         if not video_info:
1821             unavailable_message = extract_unavailable_message()
1822             if not unavailable_message:
1823                 unavailable_message = 'Unable to extract video data'
1824             raise ExtractorError(
1825                 'YouTube said: %s' % unavailable_message, expected=True, video_id=video_id)
1826
1827         video_details = try_get(
1828             player_response, lambda x: x['videoDetails'], dict) or {}
1829
1830         video_title = video_info.get('title', [None])[0] or video_details.get('title')
1831         if not video_title:
1832             self._downloader.report_warning('Unable to extract video title')
1833             video_title = '_'
1834
1835         description_original = video_description = get_element_by_id("eow-description", video_webpage)
1836         if video_description:
1837
1838             def replace_url(m):
1839                 redir_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin(url, m.group(1))
1840                 parsed_redir_url = compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(redir_url)
1841                 if re.search(r'^(?:www\.)?(?:youtube(?:-nocookie)?\.com|youtu\.be)$', parsed_redir_url.netloc) and parsed_redir_url.path == '/redirect':
1842                     qs = compat_parse_qs(parsed_redir_url.query)
1843                     q = qs.get('q')
1844                     if q and q[0]:
1845                         return q[0]
1846                 return redir_url
1847
1848             description_original = video_description = re.sub(r'''(?x)
1849                 <a\s+
1850                     (?:[a-zA-Z-]+="[^"]*"\s+)*?
1851                     (?:title|href)="([^"]+)"\s+
1852                     (?:[a-zA-Z-]+="[^"]*"\s+)*?
1853                     class="[^"]*"[^>]*>
1854                 [^<]+\.{3}\s*
1855                 </a>
1856             ''', replace_url, video_description)
1857             video_description = clean_html(video_description)
1858         else:
1859             video_description = self._html_search_meta('description', video_webpage) or video_details.get('shortDescription')
1860
1861         if not smuggled_data.get('force_singlefeed', False):
1862             if not self._downloader.params.get('noplaylist'):
1863                 multifeed_metadata_list = try_get(
1864                     player_response,
1865                     lambda x: x['multicamera']['playerLegacyMulticameraRenderer']['metadataList'],
1866                     compat_str) or try_get(
1867                     video_info, lambda x: x['multifeed_metadata_list'][0], compat_str)
1868                 if multifeed_metadata_list:
1869                     entries = []
1870                     feed_ids = []
1871                     for feed in multifeed_metadata_list.split(','):
1872                         # Unquote should take place before split on comma (,) since textual
1873                         # fields may contain comma as well (see
1874                         # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8536)
1875                         feed_data = compat_parse_qs(compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(feed))
1876                         entries.append({
1877                             '_type': 'url_transparent',
1878                             'ie_key': 'Youtube',
1879                             'url': smuggle_url(
1880                                 '%s://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s' % (proto, feed_data['id'][0]),
1881                                 {'force_singlefeed': True}),
1882                             'title': '%s (%s)' % (video_title, feed_data['title'][0]),
1883                         })
1884                         feed_ids.append(feed_data['id'][0])
1885                     self.to_screen(
1886                         'Downloading multifeed video (%s) - add --no-playlist to just download video %s'
1887                         % (', '.join(feed_ids), video_id))
1888                     return self.playlist_result(entries, video_id, video_title, video_description)
1889             else:
1890                 self.to_screen('Downloading just video %s because of --no-playlist' % video_id)
1891
1892         if view_count is None:
1893             view_count = extract_view_count(video_info)
1894         if view_count is None and video_details:
1895             view_count = int_or_none(video_details.get('viewCount'))
1896
1897         if is_live is None:
1898             is_live = bool_or_none(video_details.get('isLive'))
1899
1900         # Check for "rental" videos
1901         if 'ypc_video_rental_bar_text' in video_info and 'author' not in video_info:
1902             raise ExtractorError('"rental" videos not supported. See https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/359 for more information.', expected=True)
1903
1904         def _extract_filesize(media_url):
1905             return int_or_none(self._search_regex(
1906                 r'\bclen[=/](\d+)', media_url, 'filesize', default=None))
1907
1908         if 'conn' in video_info and video_info['conn'][0].startswith('rtmp'):
1909             self.report_rtmp_download()
1910             formats = [{
1911                 'format_id': '_rtmp',
1912                 'protocol': 'rtmp',
1913                 'url': video_info['conn'][0],
1914                 'player_url': player_url,
1915             }]
1916         elif not is_live and (len(video_info.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map', [''])[0]) >= 1 or len(video_info.get('adaptive_fmts', [''])[0]) >= 1):
1917             encoded_url_map = video_info.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map', [''])[0] + ',' + video_info.get('adaptive_fmts', [''])[0]
1918             if 'rtmpe%3Dyes' in encoded_url_map:
1919                 raise ExtractorError('rtmpe downloads are not supported, see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/343 for more information.', expected=True)
1920             formats_spec = {}
1921             fmt_list = video_info.get('fmt_list', [''])[0]
1922             if fmt_list:
1923                 for fmt in fmt_list.split(','):
1924                     spec = fmt.split('/')
1925                     if len(spec) > 1:
1926                         width_height = spec[1].split('x')
1927                         if len(width_height) == 2:
1928                             formats_spec[spec[0]] = {
1929                                 'resolution': spec[1],
1930                                 'width': int_or_none(width_height[0]),
1931                                 'height': int_or_none(width_height[1]),
1932                             }
1933             q = qualities(['small', 'medium', 'hd720'])
1934             streaming_formats = try_get(player_response, lambda x: x['streamingData']['formats'], list)
1935             if streaming_formats:
1936                 for fmt in streaming_formats:
1937                     itag = str_or_none(fmt.get('itag'))
1938                     if not itag:
1939                         continue
1940                     quality = fmt.get('quality')
1941                     quality_label = fmt.get('qualityLabel') or quality
1942                     formats_spec[itag] = {
1943                         'asr': int_or_none(fmt.get('audioSampleRate')),
1944                         'filesize': int_or_none(fmt.get('contentLength')),
1945                         'format_note': quality_label,
1946                         'fps': int_or_none(fmt.get('fps')),
1947                         'height': int_or_none(fmt.get('height')),
1948                         'quality': q(quality),
1949                         # bitrate for itag 43 is always 2147483647
1950                         'tbr': float_or_none(fmt.get('averageBitrate') or fmt.get('bitrate'), 1000) if itag != '43' else None,
1951                         'width': int_or_none(fmt.get('width')),
1952                     }
1953             formats = []
1954             for url_data_str in encoded_url_map.split(','):
1955                 url_data = compat_parse_qs(url_data_str)
1956                 if 'itag' not in url_data or 'url' not in url_data or url_data.get('drm_families'):
1957                     continue
1958                 stream_type = int_or_none(try_get(url_data, lambda x: x['stream_type'][0]))
1959                 # Unsupported FORMAT_STREAM_TYPE_OTF
1960                 if stream_type == 3:
1961                     continue
1962                 format_id = url_data['itag'][0]
1963                 url = url_data['url'][0]
1964
1965                 if 's' in url_data or self._downloader.params.get('youtube_include_dash_manifest', True):
1966                     ASSETS_RE = r'"assets":.+?"js":\s*("[^"]+")'
1967                     jsplayer_url_json = self._search_regex(
1968                         ASSETS_RE,
1969                         embed_webpage if age_gate else video_webpage,
1970                         'JS player URL (1)', default=None)
1971                     if not jsplayer_url_json and not age_gate:
1972                         # We need the embed website after all
1973                         if embed_webpage is None:
1974                             embed_url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/embed/%s' % video_id
1975                             embed_webpage = self._download_webpage(
1976                                 embed_url, video_id, 'Downloading embed webpage')
1977                         jsplayer_url_json = self._search_regex(
1978                             ASSETS_RE, embed_webpage, 'JS player URL')
1979
1980                     player_url = json.loads(jsplayer_url_json)
1981                     if player_url is None:
1982                         player_url_json = self._search_regex(
1983                             r'ytplayer\.config.*?"url"\s*:\s*("[^"]+")',
1984                             video_webpage, 'age gate player URL')
1985                         player_url = json.loads(player_url_json)
1986
1987                 if 'sig' in url_data:
1988                     url += '&signature=' + url_data['sig'][0]
1989                 elif 's' in url_data:
1990                     encrypted_sig = url_data['s'][0]
1991
1992                     if self._downloader.params.get('verbose'):
1993                         if player_url is None:
1994                             player_version = 'unknown'
1995                             player_desc = 'unknown'
1996                         else:
1997                             if player_url.endswith('swf'):
1998                                 player_version = self._search_regex(
1999                                     r'-(.+?)(?:/watch_as3)?\.swf$', player_url,
2000                                     'flash player', fatal=False)
2001                                 player_desc = 'flash player %s' % player_version
2002                             else:
2003                                 player_version = self._search_regex(
2004                                     [r'html5player-([^/]+?)(?:/html5player(?:-new)?)?\.js',
2005                                      r'(?:www|player(?:_ias)?)-([^/]+)(?:/[a-z]{2,3}_[A-Z]{2})?/base\.js'],
2006                                     player_url,
2007                                     'html5 player', fatal=False)
2008                                 player_desc = 'html5 player %s' % player_version
2009
2010                         parts_sizes = self._signature_cache_id(encrypted_sig)
2011                         self.to_screen('{%s} signature length %s, %s' %
2012                                        (format_id, parts_sizes, player_desc))
2013
2014                     signature = self._decrypt_signature(
2015                         encrypted_sig, video_id, player_url, age_gate)
2016                     sp = try_get(url_data, lambda x: x['sp'][0], compat_str) or 'signature'
2017                     url += '&%s=%s' % (sp, signature)
2018                 if 'ratebypass' not in url:
2019                     url += '&ratebypass=yes'
2020
2021                 dct = {
2022                     'format_id': format_id,
2023                     'url': url,
2024                     'player_url': player_url,
2025                 }
2026                 if format_id in self._formats:
2027                     dct.update(self._formats[format_id])
2028                 if format_id in formats_spec:
2029                     dct.update(formats_spec[format_id])
2030
2031                 # Some itags are not included in DASH manifest thus corresponding formats will
2032                 # lack metadata (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/5993).
2033                 # Trying to extract metadata from url_encoded_fmt_stream_map entry.
2034                 mobj = re.search(r'^(?P<width>\d+)[xX](?P<height>\d+)$', url_data.get('size', [''])[0])
2035                 width, height = (int(mobj.group('width')), int(mobj.group('height'))) if mobj else (None, None)
2036
2037                 filesize = int_or_none(url_data.get(
2038                     'clen', [None])[0]) or _extract_filesize(url)
2039
2040                 quality = url_data.get('quality', [None])[0]
2041
2042                 more_fields = {
2043                     'filesize': filesize,
2044                     'tbr': float_or_none(url_data.get('bitrate', [None])[0], 1000),
2045                     'width': width,
2046                     'height': height,
2047                     'fps': int_or_none(url_data.get('fps', [None])[0]),
2048                     'format_note': url_data.get('quality_label', [None])[0] or quality,
2049                     'quality': q(quality),
2050                 }
2051                 for key, value in more_fields.items():
2052                     if value:
2053                         dct[key] = value
2054                 type_ = url_data.get('type', [None])[0]
2055                 if type_:
2056                     type_split = type_.split(';')
2057                     kind_ext = type_split[0].split('/')
2058                     if len(kind_ext) == 2:
2059                         kind, _ = kind_ext
2060                         dct['ext'] = mimetype2ext(type_split[0])
2061                         if kind in ('audio', 'video'):
2062                             codecs = None
2063                             for mobj in re.finditer(
2064                                     r'(?P<key>[a-zA-Z_-]+)=(?P<quote>["\']?)(?P<val>.+?)(?P=quote)(?:;|$)', type_):
2065                                 if mobj.group('key') == 'codecs':
2066                                     codecs = mobj.group('val')
2067                                     break
2068                             if codecs:
2069                                 dct.update(parse_codecs(codecs))
2070                 if dct.get('acodec') == 'none' or dct.get('vcodec') == 'none':
2071                     dct['downloader_options'] = {
2072                         # Youtube throttles chunks >~10M
2073                         'http_chunk_size': 10485760,
2074                     }
2075                 formats.append(dct)
2076         else:
2077             manifest_url = (
2078                 url_or_none(try_get(
2079                     player_response,
2080                     lambda x: x['streamingData']['hlsManifestUrl'],
2081                     compat_str))
2082                 or url_or_none(try_get(
2083                     video_info, lambda x: x['hlsvp'][0], compat_str)))
2084             if manifest_url:
2085                 formats = []
2086                 m3u8_formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
2087                     manifest_url, video_id, 'mp4', fatal=False)
2088                 for a_format in m3u8_formats:
2089                     itag = self._search_regex(
2090                         r'/itag/(\d+)/', a_format['url'], 'itag', default=None)
2091                     if itag:
2092                         a_format['format_id'] = itag
2093                         if itag in self._formats:
2094                             dct = self._formats[itag].copy()
2095                             dct.update(a_format)
2096                             a_format = dct
2097                     a_format['player_url'] = player_url
2098                     # Accept-Encoding header causes failures in live streams on Youtube and Youtube Gaming
2099                     a_format.setdefault('http_headers', {})['Youtubedl-no-compression'] = 'True'
2100                     formats.append(a_format)
2101             else:
2102                 error_message = extract_unavailable_message()
2103                 if not error_message:
2104                     error_message = clean_html(try_get(
2105                         player_response, lambda x: x['playabilityStatus']['reason'],
2106                         compat_str))
2107                 if not error_message:
2108                     error_message = clean_html(
2109                         try_get(video_info, lambda x: x['reason'][0], compat_str))
2110                 if error_message:
2111                     raise ExtractorError(error_message, expected=True)
2112                 raise ExtractorError('no conn, hlsvp, hlsManifestUrl or url_encoded_fmt_stream_map information found in video info')
2113
2114         # uploader
2115         video_uploader = try_get(
2116             video_info, lambda x: x['author'][0],
2117             compat_str) or str_or_none(video_details.get('author'))
2118         if video_uploader:
2119             video_uploader = compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(video_uploader)
2120         else:
2121             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to extract uploader name')
2122
2123         # uploader_id
2124         video_uploader_id = None
2125         video_uploader_url = None
2126         mobj = re.search(
2127             r'<link itemprop="url" href="(?P<uploader_url>https?://www\.youtube\.com/(?:user|channel)/(?P<uploader_id>[^"]+))">',
2128             video_webpage)
2129         if mobj is not None:
2130             video_uploader_id = mobj.group('uploader_id')
2131             video_uploader_url = mobj.group('uploader_url')
2132         else:
2133             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to extract uploader nickname')
2134
2135         channel_id = (
2136             str_or_none(video_details.get('channelId'))
2137             or self._html_search_meta(
2138                 'channelId', video_webpage, 'channel id', default=None)
2139             or self._search_regex(
2140                 r'data-channel-external-id=(["\'])(?P<id>(?:(?!\1).)+)\1',
2141                 video_webpage, 'channel id', default=None, group='id'))
2142         channel_url = 'http://www.youtube.com/channel/%s' % channel_id if channel_id else None
2143
2144         # thumbnail image
2145         # We try first to get a high quality image:
2146         m_thumb = re.search(r'<span itemprop="thumbnail".*?href="(.*?)">',
2147                             video_webpage, re.DOTALL)
2148         if m_thumb is not None:
2149             video_thumbnail = m_thumb.group(1)
2150         elif 'thumbnail_url' not in video_info:
2151             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to extract video thumbnail')
2152             video_thumbnail = None
2153         else:   # don't panic if we can't find it
2154             video_thumbnail = compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(video_info['thumbnail_url'][0])
2155
2156         # upload date
2157         upload_date = self._html_search_meta(
2158             'datePublished', video_webpage, 'upload date', default=None)
2159         if not upload_date:
2160             upload_date = self._search_regex(
2161                 [r'(?s)id="eow-date.*?>(.*?)</span>',
2162                  r'(?:id="watch-uploader-info".*?>.*?|["\']simpleText["\']\s*:\s*["\'])(?:Published|Uploaded|Streamed live|Started) on (.+?)[<"\']'],
2163                 video_webpage, 'upload date', default=None)
2164         upload_date = unified_strdate(upload_date)
2165
2166         video_license = self._html_search_regex(
2167             r'<h4[^>]+class="title"[^>]*>\s*License\s*</h4>\s*<ul[^>]*>\s*<li>(.+?)</li',
2168             video_webpage, 'license', default=None)
2169
2170         m_music = re.search(
2171             r'''(?x)
2172                 <h4[^>]+class="title"[^>]*>\s*Music\s*</h4>\s*
2173                 <ul[^>]*>\s*
2174                 <li>(?P<title>.+?)
2175                 by (?P<creator>.+?)
2176                 (?:
2177                     \(.+?\)|
2178                     <a[^>]*
2179                         (?:
2180                             \bhref=["\']/red[^>]*>|             # drop possible
2181                             >\s*Listen ad-free with YouTube Red # YouTube Red ad
2182                         )
2183                     .*?
2184                 )?</li
2185             ''',
2186             video_webpage)
2187         if m_music:
2188             video_alt_title = remove_quotes(unescapeHTML(m_music.group('title')))
2189             video_creator = clean_html(m_music.group('creator'))
2190         else:
2191             video_alt_title = video_creator = None
2192
2193         def extract_meta(field):
2194             return self._html_search_regex(
2195                 r'<h4[^>]+class="title"[^>]*>\s*%s\s*</h4>\s*<ul[^>]*>\s*<li>(.+?)</li>\s*' % field,
2196                 video_webpage, field, default=None)
2197
2198         track = extract_meta('Song')
2199         artist = extract_meta('Artist')
2200         album = extract_meta('Album')
2201
2202         # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
2203         release_date = release_year = None
2204         if video_description:
2205             mobj = re.search(r'(?s)Provided to YouTube by [^\n]+\n+(?P<track>[^·]+)·(?P<artist>[^\n]+)\n+(?P<album>[^\n]+)(?:.+?℗\s*(?P<release_year>\d{4})(?!\d))?(?:.+?Released on\s*:\s*(?P<release_date>\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}))?(.+?\nArtist\s*:\s*(?P<clean_artist>[^\n]+))?', video_description)
2206             if mobj:
2207                 if not track:
2208                     track = mobj.group('track').strip()
2209                 if not artist:
2210                     artist = mobj.group('clean_artist') or ', '.join(a.strip() for a in mobj.group('artist').split('·'))
2211                 if not album:
2212                     album = mobj.group('album'.strip())
2213                 release_year = mobj.group('release_year')
2214                 release_date = mobj.group('release_date')
2215                 if release_date:
2216                     release_date = release_date.replace('-', '')
2217                     if not release_year:
2218                         release_year = int(release_date[:4])
2219                 if release_year:
2220                     release_year = int(release_year)
2221
2222         m_episode = re.search(
2223             r'<div[^>]+id="watch7-headline"[^>]*>\s*<span[^>]*>.*?>(?P<series>[^<]+)</a></b>\s*S(?P<season>\d+)\s*•\s*E(?P<episode>\d+)</span>',
2224             video_webpage)
2225         if m_episode:
2226             series = unescapeHTML(m_episode.group('series'))
2227             season_number = int(m_episode.group('season'))
2228             episode_number = int(m_episode.group('episode'))
2229         else:
2230             series = season_number = episode_number = None
2231
2232         m_cat_container = self._search_regex(
2233             r'(?s)<h4[^>]*>\s*Category\s*</h4>\s*<ul[^>]*>(.*?)</ul>',
2234             video_webpage, 'categories', default=None)
2235         if m_cat_container:
2236             category = self._html_search_regex(
2237                 r'(?s)<a[^<]+>(.*?)</a>', m_cat_container, 'category',
2238                 default=None)
2239             video_categories = None if category is None else [category]
2240         else:
2241             video_categories = None
2242
2243         video_tags = [
2244             unescapeHTML(m.group('content'))
2245             for m in re.finditer(self._meta_regex('og:video:tag'), video_webpage)]
2246
2247         def _extract_count(count_name):
2248             return str_to_int(self._search_regex(
2249                 r'-%s-button[^>]+><span[^>]+class="yt-uix-button-content"[^>]*>([\d,]+)</span>'
2250                 % re.escape(count_name),
2251                 video_webpage, count_name, default=None))
2252
2253         like_count = _extract_count('like')
2254         dislike_count = _extract_count('dislike')
2255
2256         if view_count is None:
2257             view_count = str_to_int(self._search_regex(
2258                 r'<[^>]+class=["\']watch-view-count[^>]+>\s*([\d,\s]+)', video_webpage,
2259                 'view count', default=None))
2260
2261         average_rating = (
2262             float_or_none(video_details.get('averageRating'))
2263             or try_get(video_info, lambda x: float_or_none(x['avg_rating'][0])))
2264
2265         # subtitles
2266         video_subtitles = self.extract_subtitles(video_id, video_webpage)
2267         automatic_captions = self.extract_automatic_captions(video_id, video_webpage)
2268
2269         video_duration = try_get(
2270             video_info, lambda x: int_or_none(x['length_seconds'][0]))
2271         if not video_duration:
2272             video_duration = int_or_none(video_details.get('lengthSeconds'))
2273         if not video_duration:
2274             video_duration = parse_duration(self._html_search_meta(
2275                 'duration', video_webpage, 'video duration'))
2276
2277         # annotations
2278         video_annotations = None
2279         if self._downloader.params.get('writeannotations', False):
2280             video_annotations = self._extract_annotations(video_id)
2281
2282         chapters = self._extract_chapters(description_original, video_duration)
2283
2284         # Look for the DASH manifest
2285         if self._downloader.params.get('youtube_include_dash_manifest', True):
2286             dash_mpd_fatal = True
2287             for mpd_url in dash_mpds:
2288                 dash_formats = {}
2289                 try:
2290                     def decrypt_sig(mobj):
2291                         s = mobj.group(1)
2292                         dec_s = self._decrypt_signature(s, video_id, player_url, age_gate)
2293                         return '/signature/%s' % dec_s
2294
2295                     mpd_url = re.sub(r'/s/([a-fA-F0-9\.]+)', decrypt_sig, mpd_url)
2296
2297                     for df in self._extract_mpd_formats(
2298                             mpd_url, video_id, fatal=dash_mpd_fatal,
2299                             formats_dict=self._formats):
2300                         if not df.get('filesize'):
2301                             df['filesize'] = _extract_filesize(df['url'])
2302                         # Do not overwrite DASH format found in some previous DASH manifest
2303                         if df['format_id'] not in dash_formats:
2304                             dash_formats[df['format_id']] = df
2305                         # Additional DASH manifests may end up in HTTP Error 403 therefore
2306                         # allow them to fail without bug report message if we already have
2307                         # some DASH manifest succeeded. This is temporary workaround to reduce
2308                         # burst of bug reports until we figure out the reason and whether it
2309                         # can be fixed at all.
2310                         dash_mpd_fatal = False
2311                 except (ExtractorError, KeyError) as e:
2312                     self.report_warning(
2313                         'Skipping DASH manifest: %r' % e, video_id)
2314                 if dash_formats:
2315                     # Remove the formats we found through non-DASH, they
2316                     # contain less info and it can be wrong, because we use
2317                     # fixed values (for example the resolution). See
2318                     # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/5774 for an
2319                     # example.
2320                     formats = [f for f in formats if f['format_id'] not in dash_formats.keys()]
2321                     formats.extend(dash_formats.values())
2322
2323         # Check for malformed aspect ratio
2324         stretched_m = re.search(
2325             r'<meta\s+property="og:video:tag".*?content="yt:stretch=(?P<w>[0-9]+):(?P<h>[0-9]+)">',
2326             video_webpage)
2327         if stretched_m:
2328             w = float(stretched_m.group('w'))
2329             h = float(stretched_m.group('h'))
2330             # yt:stretch may hold invalid ratio data (e.g. for Q39EVAstoRM ratio is 17:0).
2331             # We will only process correct ratios.
2332             if w > 0 and h > 0:
2333                 ratio = w / h
2334                 for f in formats:
2335                     if f.get('vcodec') != 'none':
2336                         f['stretched_ratio'] = ratio
2337
2338         if not formats:
2339             token = extract_token(video_info)
2340             if not token:
2341                 if 'reason' in video_info:
2342                     if 'The uploader has not made this video available in your country.' in video_info['reason']:
2343                         regions_allowed = self._html_search_meta(
2344                             'regionsAllowed', video_webpage, default=None)
2345                         countries = regions_allowed.split(',') if regions_allowed else None
2346                         self.raise_geo_restricted(
2347                             msg=video_info['reason'][0], countries=countries)
2348                     reason = video_info['reason'][0]
2349                     if 'Invalid parameters' in reason:
2350                         unavailable_message = extract_unavailable_message()
2351                         if unavailable_message:
2352                             reason = unavailable_message
2353                     raise ExtractorError(
2354                         'YouTube said: %s' % reason,
2355                         expected=True, video_id=video_id)
2356                 else:
2357                     raise ExtractorError(
2358                         '"token" parameter not in video info for unknown reason',
2359                         video_id=video_id)
2360
2361         if not formats and (video_info.get('license_info') or try_get(player_response, lambda x: x['streamingData']['licenseInfos'])):
2362             raise ExtractorError('This video is DRM protected.', expected=True)
2363
2364         self._sort_formats(formats)
2365
2366         self.mark_watched(video_id, video_info, player_response)
2367
2368         return {
2369             'id': video_id,
2370             'uploader': video_uploader,
2371             'uploader_id': video_uploader_id,
2372             'uploader_url': video_uploader_url,
2373             'channel_id': channel_id,
2374             'channel_url': channel_url,
2375             'upload_date': upload_date,
2376             'license': video_license,
2377             'creator': video_creator or artist,
2378             'title': video_title,
2379             'alt_title': video_alt_title or track,
2380             'thumbnail': video_thumbnail,
2381             'description': video_description,
2382             'categories': video_categories,
2383             'tags': video_tags,
2384             'subtitles': video_subtitles,
2385             'automatic_captions': automatic_captions,
2386             'duration': video_duration,
2387             'age_limit': 18 if age_gate else 0,
2388             'annotations': video_annotations,
2389             'chapters': chapters,
2390             'webpage_url': proto + '://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s' % video_id,
2391             'view_count': view_count,
2392             'like_count': like_count,
2393             'dislike_count': dislike_count,
2394             'average_rating': average_rating,
2395             'formats': formats,
2396             'is_live': is_live,
2397             'start_time': start_time,
2398             'end_time': end_time,
2399             'series': series,
2400             'season_number': season_number,
2401             'episode_number': episode_number,
2402             'track': track,
2403             'artist': artist,
2404             'album': album,
2405             'release_date': release_date,
2406             'release_year': release_year,
2407         }
2408
2409
2410 class YoutubePlaylistIE(YoutubePlaylistBaseInfoExtractor):
2411     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com playlists'
2412     _VALID_URL = r"""(?x)(?:
2413                         (?:https?://)?
2414                         (?:\w+\.)?
2415                         (?:
2416                             (?:
2417                                 youtube\.com|
2418                                 invidio\.us
2419                             )
2420                             /
2421                             (?:
2422                                (?:course|view_play_list|my_playlists|artist|playlist|watch|embed/(?:videoseries|[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}))
2423                                \? (?:.*?[&;])*? (?:p|a|list)=
2424                             |  p/
2425                             )|
2426                             youtu\.be/[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}\?.*?\blist=
2427                         )
2428                         (
2429                             (?:PL|LL|EC|UU|FL|RD|UL|TL|OLAK5uy_)?[0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,}
2430                             # Top tracks, they can also include dots
2431                             |(?:MC)[\w\.]*
2432                         )
2433                         .*
2434                      |
2435                         (%(playlist_id)s)
2436                      )""" % {'playlist_id': YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._PLAYLIST_ID_RE}
2437     _TEMPLATE_URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=%s'
2438     _VIDEO_RE = r'href="\s*/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})(?:&amp;(?:[^"]*?index=(?P<index>\d+))?(?:[^>]+>(?P<title>[^<]+))?)?'
2439     IE_NAME = 'youtube:playlist'
2440     _TESTS = [{
2441         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re',
2442         'info_dict': {
2443             'title': 'ytdl test PL',
2444             'id': 'PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re',
2445         },
2446         'playlist_count': 3,
2447     }, {
2448         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLtPgu7CB4gbZDA7i_euNxn75ISqxwZPYx',
2449         'info_dict': {
2450             'id': 'PLtPgu7CB4gbZDA7i_euNxn75ISqxwZPYx',
2451             'title': 'YDL_Empty_List',
2452         },
2453         'playlist_count': 0,
2454         'skip': 'This playlist is private',
2455     }, {
2456         'note': 'Playlist with deleted videos (#651). As a bonus, the video #51 is also twice in this list.',
2457         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwP_SiAcdui0KVebT0mU9Apz359a4ubsC',
2458         'info_dict': {
2459             'title': '29C3: Not my department',
2460             'id': 'PLwP_SiAcdui0KVebT0mU9Apz359a4ubsC',
2461             'uploader': 'Christiaan008',
2462             'uploader_id': 'ChRiStIaAn008',
2463         },
2464         'playlist_count': 95,
2465     }, {
2466         'note': 'issue #673',
2467         'url': 'PLBB231211A4F62143',
2468         'info_dict': {
2469             'title': '[OLD]Team Fortress 2 (Class-based LP)',
2470             'id': 'PLBB231211A4F62143',
2471             'uploader': 'Wickydoo',
2472             'uploader_id': 'Wickydoo',
2473         },
2474         'playlist_mincount': 26,
2475     }, {
2476         'note': 'Large playlist',
2477         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUBABnxM4Ar9ten8Mdjj1j0Q',
2478         'info_dict': {
2479             'title': 'Uploads from Cauchemar',
2480             'id': 'UUBABnxM4Ar9ten8Mdjj1j0Q',
2481             'uploader': 'Cauchemar',
2482             'uploader_id': 'Cauchemar89',
2483         },
2484         'playlist_mincount': 799,
2485     }, {
2486         'url': 'PLtPgu7CB4gbY9oDN3drwC3cMbJggS7dKl',
2487         'info_dict': {
2488             'title': 'YDL_safe_search',
2489             'id': 'PLtPgu7CB4gbY9oDN3drwC3cMbJggS7dKl',
2490         },
2491         'playlist_count': 2,
2492         'skip': 'This playlist is private',
2493     }, {
2494         'note': 'embedded',
2495         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/embed/videoseries?list=PL6IaIsEjSbf96XFRuNccS_RuEXwNdsoEu',
2496         'playlist_count': 4,
2497         'info_dict': {
2498             'title': 'JODA15',
2499             'id': 'PL6IaIsEjSbf96XFRuNccS_RuEXwNdsoEu',
2500             'uploader': 'milan',
2501             'uploader_id': 'UCEI1-PVPcYXjB73Hfelbmaw',
2502         }
2503     }, {
2504         'url': 'http://www.youtube.com/embed/_xDOZElKyNU?list=PLsyOSbh5bs16vubvKePAQ1x3PhKavfBIl',
2505         'playlist_mincount': 485,
2506         'info_dict': {
2507             'title': '2018 Chinese New Singles (11/6 updated)',
2508             'id': 'PLsyOSbh5bs16vubvKePAQ1x3PhKavfBIl',
2509             'uploader': 'LBK',
2510             'uploader_id': 'sdragonfang',
2511         }
2512     }, {
2513         'note': 'Embedded SWF player',
2514         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/p/YN5VISEtHet5D4NEvfTd0zcgFk84NqFZ?hl=en_US&fs=1&rel=0',
2515         'playlist_count': 4,
2516         'info_dict': {
2517             'title': 'JODA7',
2518             'id': 'YN5VISEtHet5D4NEvfTd0zcgFk84NqFZ',
2519         },
2520         'skip': 'This playlist does not exist',
2521     }, {
2522         'note': 'Buggy playlist: the webpage has a "Load more" button but it doesn\'t have more videos',
2523         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUXw-G3eDE9trcvY2sBMM_aA',
2524         'info_dict': {
2525             'title': 'Uploads from Interstellar Movie',
2526             'id': 'UUXw-G3eDE9trcvY2sBMM_aA',
2527             'uploader': 'Interstellar Movie',
2528             'uploader_id': 'InterstellarMovie1',
2529         },
2530         'playlist_mincount': 21,
2531     }, {
2532         # Playlist URL that does not actually serve a playlist
2533         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqZTN594JQw&list=PLMYEtVRpaqY00V9W81Cwmzp6N6vZqfUKD4',
2534         'info_dict': {
2535             'id': 'FqZTN594JQw',
2536             'ext': 'webm',
2537             'title': "Smiley's People 01 detective, Adventure Series, Action",
2538             'uploader': 'STREEM',
2539             'uploader_id': 'UCyPhqAZgwYWZfxElWVbVJng',
2540             'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCyPhqAZgwYWZfxElWVbVJng',
2541             'upload_date': '20150526',
2542             'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
2543             'description': 'md5:507cdcb5a49ac0da37a920ece610be80',
2544             'categories': ['People & Blogs'],
2545             'tags': list,
2546             'view_count': int,
2547             'like_count': int,
2548             'dislike_count': int,
2549         },
2550         'params': {
2551             'skip_download': True,
2552         },
2553         'skip': 'This video is not available.',
2554         'add_ie': [YoutubeIE.ie_key()],
2555     }, {
2556         'url': 'https://youtu.be/yeWKywCrFtk?list=PL2qgrgXsNUG5ig9cat4ohreBjYLAPC0J5',
2557         'info_dict': {
2558             'id': 'yeWKywCrFtk',
2559             'ext': 'mp4',
2560             'title': 'Small Scale Baler and Braiding Rugs',
2561             'uploader': 'Backus-Page House Museum',
2562             'uploader_id': 'backuspagemuseum',
2563             'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/backuspagemuseum',
2564             'upload_date': '20161008',
2565             'description': 'md5:800c0c78d5eb128500bffd4f0b4f2e8a',
2566             'categories': ['Nonprofits & Activism'],
2567             'tags': list,
2568             'like_count': int,
2569             'dislike_count': int,
2570         },
2571         'params': {
2572             'noplaylist': True,
2573             'skip_download': True,
2574         },
2575     }, {
2576         # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/21844
2577         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzH6n4zXuckpfMu_4Ff8E7Z1behQks5ba',
2578         'info_dict': {
2579             'title': 'Data Analysis with Dr Mike Pound',
2580             'id': 'PLzH6n4zXuckpfMu_4Ff8E7Z1behQks5ba',
2581             'uploader_id': 'Computerphile',
2582             'uploader': 'Computerphile',
2583         },
2584         'playlist_mincount': 11,
2585     }, {
2586         'url': 'https://youtu.be/uWyaPkt-VOI?list=PL9D9FC436B881BA21',
2587         'only_matching': True,
2588     }, {
2589         'url': 'TLGGrESM50VT6acwMjAyMjAxNw',
2590         'only_matching': True,
2591     }, {
2592         # music album playlist
2593         'url': 'OLAK5uy_m4xAFdmMC5rX3Ji3g93pQe3hqLZw_9LhM',
2594         'only_matching': True,
2595     }, {
2596         'url': 'https://invidio.us/playlist?list=PLDIoUOhQQPlXr63I_vwF9GD8sAKh77dWU',
2597         'only_matching': True,
2598     }]
2599
2600     def _real_initialize(self):
2601         self._login()
2602
2603     def _extract_mix(self, playlist_id):
2604         # The mixes are generated from a single video
2605         # the id of the playlist is just 'RD' + video_id
2606         ids = []
2607         last_id = playlist_id[-11:]
2608         for n in itertools.count(1):
2609             url = 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=%s&list=%s' % (last_id, playlist_id)
2610             webpage = self._download_webpage(
2611                 url, playlist_id, 'Downloading page {0} of Youtube mix'.format(n))
2612             new_ids = orderedSet(re.findall(
2613                 r'''(?xs)data-video-username=".*?".*?
2614                            href="/watch\?v=([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})&amp;[^"]*?list=%s''' % re.escape(playlist_id),
2615                 webpage))
2616             # Fetch new pages until all the videos are repeated, it seems that
2617             # there are always 51 unique videos.
2618             new_ids = [_id for _id in new_ids if _id not in ids]
2619             if not new_ids:
2620                 break
2621             ids.extend(new_ids)
2622             last_id = ids[-1]
2623
2624         url_results = self._ids_to_results(ids)
2625
2626         search_title = lambda class_name: get_element_by_attribute('class', class_name, webpage)
2627         title_span = (
2628             search_title('playlist-title')
2629             or search_title('title long-title')
2630             or search_title('title'))
2631         title = clean_html(title_span)
2632
2633         return self.playlist_result(url_results, playlist_id, title)
2634
2635     def _extract_playlist(self, playlist_id):
2636         url = self._TEMPLATE_URL % playlist_id
2637         page = self._download_webpage(url, playlist_id)
2638
2639         # the yt-alert-message now has tabindex attribute (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/11604)
2640         for match in re.findall(r'<div class="yt-alert-message"[^>]*>([^<]+)</div>', page):
2641             match = match.strip()
2642             # Check if the playlist exists or is private
2643             mobj = re.match(r'[^<]*(?:The|This) playlist (?P<reason>does not exist|is private)[^<]*', match)
2644             if mobj:
2645                 reason = mobj.group('reason')
2646                 message = 'This playlist %s' % reason
2647                 if 'private' in reason:
2648                     message += ', use --username or --netrc to access it'
2649                 message += '.'
2650                 raise ExtractorError(message, expected=True)
2651             elif re.match(r'[^<]*Invalid parameters[^<]*', match):
2652                 raise ExtractorError(
2653                     'Invalid parameters. Maybe URL is incorrect.',
2654                     expected=True)
2655             elif re.match(r'[^<]*Choose your language[^<]*', match):
2656                 continue
2657             else:
2658                 self.report_warning('Youtube gives an alert message: ' + match)
2659
2660         playlist_title = self._html_search_regex(
2661             r'(?s)<h1 class="pl-header-title[^"]*"[^>]*>\s*(.*?)\s*</h1>',
2662             page, 'title', default=None)
2663
2664         _UPLOADER_BASE = r'class=["\']pl-header-details[^>]+>\s*<li>\s*<a[^>]+\bhref='
2665         uploader = self._search_regex(
2666             r'%s["\']/(?:user|channel)/[^>]+>([^<]+)' % _UPLOADER_BASE,
2667             page, 'uploader', default=None)
2668         mobj = re.search(
2669             r'%s(["\'])(?P<path>/(?:user|channel)/(?P<uploader_id>.+?))\1' % _UPLOADER_BASE,
2670             page)
2671         if mobj:
2672             uploader_id = mobj.group('uploader_id')
2673             uploader_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin(url, mobj.group('path'))
2674         else:
2675             uploader_id = uploader_url = None
2676
2677         has_videos = True
2678
2679         if not playlist_title:
2680             try:
2681                 # Some playlist URLs don't actually serve a playlist (e.g.
2682                 # https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqZTN594JQw&list=PLMYEtVRpaqY00V9W81Cwmzp6N6vZqfUKD4)
2683                 next(self._entries(page, playlist_id))
2684             except StopIteration:
2685                 has_videos = False
2686
2687         playlist = self.playlist_result(
2688             self._entries(page, playlist_id), playlist_id, playlist_title)
2689         playlist.update({
2690             'uploader': uploader,
2691             'uploader_id': uploader_id,
2692             'uploader_url': uploader_url,
2693         })
2694
2695         return has_videos, playlist
2696
2697     def _check_download_just_video(self, url, playlist_id):
2698         # Check if it's a video-specific URL
2699         query_dict = compat_urlparse.parse_qs(compat_urlparse.urlparse(url).query)
2700         video_id = query_dict.get('v', [None])[0] or self._search_regex(
2701             r'(?:(?:^|//)youtu\.be/|youtube\.com/embed/(?!videoseries))([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})', url,
2702             'video id', default=None)
2703         if video_id:
2704             if self._downloader.params.get('noplaylist'):
2705                 self.to_screen('Downloading just video %s because of --no-playlist' % video_id)
2706                 return video_id, self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id)
2707             else:
2708                 self.to_screen('Downloading playlist %s - add --no-playlist to just download video %s' % (playlist_id, video_id))
2709                 return video_id, None
2710         return None, None
2711
2712     def _real_extract(self, url):
2713         # Extract playlist id
2714         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
2715         if mobj is None:
2716             raise ExtractorError('Invalid URL: %s' % url)
2717         playlist_id = mobj.group(1) or mobj.group(2)
2718
2719         video_id, video = self._check_download_just_video(url, playlist_id)
2720         if video:
2721             return video
2722
2723         if playlist_id.startswith(('RD', 'UL', 'PU')):
2724             # Mixes require a custom extraction process
2725             return self._extract_mix(playlist_id)
2726
2727         has_videos, playlist = self._extract_playlist(playlist_id)
2728         if has_videos or not video_id:
2729             return playlist
2730
2731         # Some playlist URLs don't actually serve a playlist (see
2732         # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/10537).
2733         # Fallback to plain video extraction if there is a video id
2734         # along with playlist id.
2735         return self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id)
2736
2737
2738 class YoutubeChannelIE(YoutubePlaylistBaseInfoExtractor):
2739     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com channels'
2740     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:youtu\.be|(?:\w+\.)?youtube(?:-nocookie)?\.com|(?:www\.)?invidio\.us)/channel/(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]+)'
2741     _TEMPLATE_URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/%s/videos'
2742     _VIDEO_RE = r'(?:title="(?P<title>[^"]+)"[^>]+)?href="/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]+)&?'
2743     IE_NAME = 'youtube:channel'
2744     _TESTS = [{
2745         'note': 'paginated channel',
2746         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
2747         'playlist_mincount': 91,
2748         'info_dict': {
2749             'id': 'UUKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
2750             'title': 'Uploads from lex will',
2751             'uploader': 'lex will',
2752             'uploader_id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
2753         }
2754     }, {
2755         'note': 'Age restricted channel',
2756         # from https://www.youtube.com/user/DeusExOfficial
2757         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCs0ifCMCm1icqRbqhUINa0w',
2758         'playlist_mincount': 64,
2759         'info_dict': {
2760             'id': 'UUs0ifCMCm1icqRbqhUINa0w',
2761             'title': 'Uploads from Deus Ex',
2762             'uploader': 'Deus Ex',
2763             'uploader_id': 'DeusExOfficial',
2764         },
2765     }, {
2766         'url': 'https://invidio.us/channel/UC23qupoDRn9YOAVzeoxjOQA',
2767         'only_matching': True,
2768     }]
2769
2770     @classmethod
2771     def suitable(cls, url):
2772         return (False if YoutubePlaylistsIE.suitable(url) or YoutubeLiveIE.suitable(url)
2773                 else super(YoutubeChannelIE, cls).suitable(url))
2774
2775     def _build_template_url(self, url, channel_id):
2776         return self._TEMPLATE_URL % channel_id
2777
2778     def _real_extract(self, url):
2779         channel_id = self._match_id(url)
2780
2781         url = self._build_template_url(url, channel_id)
2782
2783         # Channel by page listing is restricted to 35 pages of 30 items, i.e. 1050 videos total (see #5778)
2784         # Workaround by extracting as a playlist if managed to obtain channel playlist URL
2785         # otherwise fallback on channel by page extraction
2786         channel_page = self._download_webpage(
2787             url + '?view=57', channel_id,
2788             'Downloading channel page', fatal=False)
2789         if channel_page is False:
2790             channel_playlist_id = False
2791         else:
2792             channel_playlist_id = self._html_search_meta(
2793                 'channelId', channel_page, 'channel id', default=None)
2794             if not channel_playlist_id:
2795                 channel_url = self._html_search_meta(
2796                     ('al:ios:url', 'twitter:app:url:iphone', 'twitter:app:url:ipad'),
2797                     channel_page, 'channel url', default=None)
2798                 if channel_url:
2799                     channel_playlist_id = self._search_regex(
2800                         r'vnd\.youtube://user/([0-9A-Za-z_-]+)',
2801                         channel_url, 'channel id', default=None)
2802         if channel_playlist_id and channel_playlist_id.startswith('UC'):
2803             playlist_id = 'UU' + channel_playlist_id[2:]
2804             return self.url_result(
2805                 compat_urlparse.urljoin(url, '/playlist?list=%s' % playlist_id), 'YoutubePlaylist')
2806
2807         channel_page = self._download_webpage(url, channel_id, 'Downloading page #1')
2808         autogenerated = re.search(r'''(?x)
2809                 class="[^"]*?(?:
2810                     channel-header-autogenerated-label|
2811                     yt-channel-title-autogenerated
2812                 )[^"]*"''', channel_page) is not None
2813
2814         if autogenerated:
2815             # The videos are contained in a single page
2816             # the ajax pages can't be used, they are empty
2817             entries = [
2818                 self.url_result(
2819                     video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id,
2820                     video_title=video_title)
2821                 for video_id, video_title in self.extract_videos_from_page(channel_page)]
2822             return self.playlist_result(entries, channel_id)
2823
2824         try:
2825             next(self._entries(channel_page, channel_id))
2826         except StopIteration:
2827             alert_message = self._html_search_regex(
2828                 r'(?s)<div[^>]+class=(["\']).*?\byt-alert-message\b.*?\1[^>]*>(?P<alert>[^<]+)</div>',
2829                 channel_page, 'alert', default=None, group='alert')
2830             if alert_message:
2831                 raise ExtractorError('Youtube said: %s' % alert_message, expected=True)
2832
2833         return self.playlist_result(self._entries(channel_page, channel_id), channel_id)
2834
2835
2836 class YoutubeUserIE(YoutubeChannelIE):
2837     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com user videos (URL or "ytuser" keyword)'
2838     _VALID_URL = r'(?:(?:https?://(?:\w+\.)?youtube\.com/(?:(?P<user>user|c)/)?(?!(?:attribution_link|watch|results|shared)(?:$|[^a-z_A-Z0-9-])))|ytuser:)(?!feed/)(?P<id>[A-Za-z0-9_-]+)'
2839     _TEMPLATE_URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/%s/%s/videos'
2840     IE_NAME = 'youtube:user'
2841
2842     _TESTS = [{
2843         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/TheLinuxFoundation',
2844         'playlist_mincount': 320,
2845         'info_dict': {
2846             'id': 'UUfX55Sx5hEFjoC3cNs6mCUQ',
2847             'title': 'Uploads from The Linux Foundation',
2848             'uploader': 'The Linux Foundation',
2849             'uploader_id': 'TheLinuxFoundation',
2850         }
2851     }, {
2852         # Only available via https://www.youtube.com/c/12minuteathlete/videos
2853         # but not https://www.youtube.com/user/12minuteathlete/videos
2854         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/12minuteathlete/videos',
2855         'playlist_mincount': 249,
2856         'info_dict': {
2857             'id': 'UUVjM-zV6_opMDx7WYxnjZiQ',
2858             'title': 'Uploads from 12 Minute Athlete',
2859             'uploader': '12 Minute Athlete',
2860             'uploader_id': 'the12minuteathlete',
2861         }
2862     }, {
2863         'url': 'ytuser:phihag',
2864         'only_matching': True,
2865     }, {
2866         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/gametrailers',
2867         'only_matching': True,
2868     }, {
2869         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/gametrailers',
2870         'only_matching': True,
2871     }, {
2872         # This channel is not available, geo restricted to JP
2873         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/kananishinoSMEJ/videos',
2874         'only_matching': True,
2875     }]
2876
2877     @classmethod
2878     def suitable(cls, url):
2879         # Don't return True if the url can be extracted with other youtube
2880         # extractor, the regex would is too permissive and it would match.
2881         other_yt_ies = iter(klass for (name, klass) in globals().items() if name.startswith('Youtube') and name.endswith('IE') and klass is not cls)
2882         if any(ie.suitable(url) for ie in other_yt_ies):
2883             return False
2884         else:
2885             return super(YoutubeUserIE, cls).suitable(url)
2886
2887     def _build_template_url(self, url, channel_id):
2888         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
2889         return self._TEMPLATE_URL % (mobj.group('user') or 'user', mobj.group('id'))
2890
2891
2892 class YoutubeLiveIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
2893     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com live streams'
2894     _VALID_URL = r'(?P<base_url>https?://(?:\w+\.)?youtube\.com/(?:(?:user|channel|c)/)?(?P<id>[^/]+))/live'
2895     IE_NAME = 'youtube:live'
2896
2897     _TESTS = [{
2898         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/TheYoungTurks/live',
2899         'info_dict': {
2900             'id': 'a48o2S1cPoo',
2901             'ext': 'mp4',
2902             'title': 'The Young Turks - Live Main Show',
2903             'uploader': 'The Young Turks',
2904             'uploader_id': 'TheYoungTurks',
2905             'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/TheYoungTurks',
2906             'upload_date': '20150715',
2907             'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
2908             'description': 'md5:438179573adcdff3c97ebb1ee632b891',
2909             'categories': ['News & Politics'],
2910             'tags': ['Cenk Uygur (TV Program Creator)', 'The Young Turks (Award-Winning Work)', 'Talk Show (TV Genre)'],
2911             'like_count': int,
2912             'dislike_count': int,
2913         },
2914         'params': {
2915             'skip_download': True,
2916         },
2917     }, {
2918         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1yBKRuGpC1tSM73A0ZjYjQ/live',
2919         'only_matching': True,
2920     }, {
2921         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/CommanderVideoHq/live',
2922         'only_matching': True,
2923     }, {
2924         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/TheYoungTurks/live',
2925         'only_matching': True,
2926     }]
2927
2928     def _real_extract(self, url):
2929         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
2930         channel_id = mobj.group('id')
2931         base_url = mobj.group('base_url')
2932         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, channel_id, fatal=False)
2933         if webpage:
2934             page_type = self._og_search_property(
2935                 'type', webpage, 'page type', default='')
2936             video_id = self._html_search_meta(
2937                 'videoId', webpage, 'video id', default=None)
2938             if page_type.startswith('video') and video_id and re.match(
2939                     r'^[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}$', video_id):
2940                 return self.url_result(video_id, YoutubeIE.ie_key())
2941         return self.url_result(base_url)
2942
2943
2944 class YoutubePlaylistsIE(YoutubePlaylistsBaseInfoExtractor):
2945     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com user/channel playlists'
2946     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:\w+\.)?youtube\.com/(?:user|channel)/(?P<id>[^/]+)/playlists'
2947     IE_NAME = 'youtube:playlists'
2948
2949     _TESTS = [{
2950         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/ThirstForScience/playlists',
2951         'playlist_mincount': 4,
2952         'info_dict': {
2953             'id': 'ThirstForScience',
2954             'title': 'ThirstForScience',
2955         },
2956     }, {
2957         # with "Load more" button
2958         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/igorkle1/playlists?view=1&sort=dd',
2959         'playlist_mincount': 70,
2960         'info_dict': {
2961             'id': 'igorkle1',
2962             'title': 'Игорь Клейнер',
2963         },
2964     }, {
2965         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCiU1dHvZObB2iP6xkJ__Icw/playlists',
2966         'playlist_mincount': 17,
2967         'info_dict': {
2968             'id': 'UCiU1dHvZObB2iP6xkJ__Icw',
2969             'title': 'Chem Player',
2970         },
2971         'skip': 'Blocked',
2972     }]
2973
2974
2975 class YoutubeSearchBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubePlaylistBaseInfoExtractor):
2976     _VIDEO_RE = r'href="\s*/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})(?:[^"]*"[^>]+\btitle="(?P<title>[^"]+))?'
2977
2978
2979 class YoutubeSearchIE(SearchInfoExtractor, YoutubeSearchBaseInfoExtractor):
2980     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com searches'
2981     # there doesn't appear to be a real limit, for example if you search for
2982     # 'python' you get more than 8.000.000 results
2983     _MAX_RESULTS = float('inf')
2984     IE_NAME = 'youtube:search'
2985     _SEARCH_KEY = 'ytsearch'
2986     _EXTRA_QUERY_ARGS = {}
2987     _TESTS = []
2988
2989     def _get_n_results(self, query, n):
2990         """Get a specified number of results for a query"""
2991
2992         videos = []
2993         limit = n
2994
2995         url_query = {
2996             'search_query': query.encode('utf-8'),
2997         }
2998         url_query.update(self._EXTRA_QUERY_ARGS)
2999         result_url = 'https://www.youtube.com/results?' + compat_urllib_parse_urlencode(url_query)
3000
3001         for pagenum in itertools.count(1):
3002             data = self._download_json(
3003                 result_url, video_id='query "%s"' % query,
3004                 note='Downloading page %s' % pagenum,
3005                 errnote='Unable to download API page',
3006                 query={'spf': 'navigate'})
3007             html_content = data[1]['body']['content']
3008
3009             if 'class="search-message' in html_content:
3010                 raise ExtractorError(
3011                     '[youtube] No video results', expected=True)
3012
3013             new_videos = list(self._process_page(html_content))
3014             videos += new_videos
3015             if not new_videos or len(videos) > limit:
3016                 break
3017             next_link = self._html_search_regex(
3018                 r'href="(/results\?[^"]*\bsp=[^"]+)"[^>]*>\s*<span[^>]+class="[^"]*\byt-uix-button-content\b[^"]*"[^>]*>Next',
3019                 html_content, 'next link', default=None)
3020             if next_link is None:
3021                 break
3022             result_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin('https://www.youtube.com/', next_link)
3023
3024         if len(videos) > n:
3025             videos = videos[:n]
3026         return self.playlist_result(videos, query)
3027
3028
3029 class YoutubeSearchDateIE(YoutubeSearchIE):
3030     IE_NAME = YoutubeSearchIE.IE_NAME + ':date'
3031     _SEARCH_KEY = 'ytsearchdate'
3032     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com searches, newest videos first'
3033     _EXTRA_QUERY_ARGS = {'search_sort': 'video_date_uploaded'}
3034
3035
3036 class YoutubeSearchURLIE(YoutubeSearchBaseInfoExtractor):
3037     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com search URLs'
3038     IE_NAME = 'youtube:search_url'
3039     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/results\?(.*?&)?(?:search_query|q)=(?P<query>[^&]+)(?:[&]|$)'
3040     _TESTS = [{
3041         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/results?baz=bar&search_query=youtube-dl+test+video&filters=video&lclk=video',
3042         'playlist_mincount': 5,
3043         'info_dict': {
3044             'title': 'youtube-dl test video',
3045         }
3046     }, {
3047         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/results?q=test&sp=EgQIBBgB',
3048         'only_matching': True,
3049     }]
3050
3051     def _real_extract(self, url):
3052         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
3053         query = compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(mobj.group('query'))
3054         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, query)
3055         return self.playlist_result(self._process_page(webpage), playlist_title=query)
3056
3057
3058 class YoutubeShowIE(YoutubePlaylistsBaseInfoExtractor):
3059     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com (multi-season) shows'
3060     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/show/(?P<id>[^?#]*)'
3061     IE_NAME = 'youtube:show'
3062     _TESTS = [{
3063         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/show/airdisasters',
3064         'playlist_mincount': 5,
3065         'info_dict': {
3066             'id': 'airdisasters',
3067             'title': 'Air Disasters',
3068         }
3069     }]
3070
3071     def _real_extract(self, url):
3072         playlist_id = self._match_id(url)
3073         return super(YoutubeShowIE, self)._real_extract(
3074             'https://www.youtube.com/show/%s/playlists' % playlist_id)
3075
3076
3077 class YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
3078     """
3079     Base class for feed extractors
3080     Subclasses must define the _FEED_NAME and _PLAYLIST_TITLE properties.
3081     """
3082     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = True
3083
3084     @property
3085     def IE_NAME(self):
3086         return 'youtube:%s' % self._FEED_NAME
3087
3088     def _real_initialize(self):
3089         self._login()
3090
3091     def _entries(self, page):
3092         # The extraction process is the same as for playlists, but the regex
3093         # for the video ids doesn't contain an index
3094         ids = []
3095         more_widget_html = content_html = page
3096         for page_num in itertools.count(1):
3097             matches = re.findall(r'href="\s*/watch\?v=([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})', content_html)
3098
3099             # 'recommended' feed has infinite 'load more' and each new portion spins
3100             # the same videos in (sometimes) slightly different order, so we'll check
3101             # for unicity and break when portion has no new videos
3102             new_ids = list(filter(lambda video_id: video_id not in ids, orderedSet(matches)))
3103             if not new_ids:
3104                 break
3105
3106             ids.extend(new_ids)
3107
3108             for entry in self._ids_to_results(new_ids):
3109                 yield entry
3110
3111             mobj = re.search(r'data-uix-load-more-href="/?(?P<more>[^"]+)"', more_widget_html)
3112             if not mobj:
3113                 break
3114
3115             more = self._download_json(
3116                 'https://youtube.com/%s' % mobj.group('more'), self._PLAYLIST_TITLE,
3117                 'Downloading page #%s' % page_num,
3118                 transform_source=uppercase_escape)
3119             content_html = more['content_html']
3120             more_widget_html = more['load_more_widget_html']
3121
3122     def _real_extract(self, url):
3123         page = self._download_webpage(
3124             'https://www.youtube.com/feed/%s' % self._FEED_NAME,
3125             self._PLAYLIST_TITLE)
3126         return self.playlist_result(
3127             self._entries(page), playlist_title=self._PLAYLIST_TITLE)
3128
3129
3130 class YoutubeWatchLaterIE(YoutubePlaylistIE):
3131     IE_NAME = 'youtube:watchlater'
3132     IE_DESC = 'Youtube watch later list, ":ytwatchlater" for short (requires authentication)'
3133     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/(?:feed/watch_later|(?:playlist|watch)\?(?:.+&)?list=WL)|:ytwatchlater'
3134
3135     _TESTS = [{
3136         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=WL',
3137         'only_matching': True,
3138     }, {
3139         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bCNU9TrbiRk&index=1&list=WL',
3140         'only_matching': True,
3141     }]
3142
3143     def _real_extract(self, url):
3144         _, video = self._check_download_just_video(url, 'WL')
3145         if video:
3146             return video
3147         _, playlist = self._extract_playlist('WL')
3148         return playlist
3149
3150
3151 class YoutubeFavouritesIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
3152     IE_NAME = 'youtube:favorites'
3153     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com favourite videos, ":ytfav" for short (requires authentication)'
3154     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/my_favorites|:ytfav(?:ou?rites)?'
3155     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = True
3156
3157     def _real_extract(self, url):
3158         webpage = self._download_webpage('https://www.youtube.com/my_favorites', 'Youtube Favourites videos')
3159         playlist_id = self._search_regex(r'list=(.+?)["&]', webpage, 'favourites playlist id')
3160         return self.url_result(playlist_id, 'YoutubePlaylist')
3161
3162
3163 class YoutubeRecommendedIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
3164     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com recommended videos, ":ytrec" for short (requires authentication)'
3165     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/feed/recommended|:ytrec(?:ommended)?'
3166     _FEED_NAME = 'recommended'
3167     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = 'Youtube Recommended videos'
3168
3169
3170 class YoutubeSubscriptionsIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
3171     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com subscriptions feed, "ytsubs" keyword (requires authentication)'
3172     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/feed/subscriptions|:ytsubs(?:criptions)?'
3173     _FEED_NAME = 'subscriptions'
3174     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = 'Youtube Subscriptions'
3175
3176
3177 class YoutubeHistoryIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
3178     IE_DESC = 'Youtube watch history, ":ythistory" for short (requires authentication)'
3179     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/feed/history|:ythistory'
3180     _FEED_NAME = 'history'
3181     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = 'Youtube History'
3182
3183
3184 class YoutubeTruncatedURLIE(InfoExtractor):
3185     IE_NAME = 'youtube:truncated_url'
3186     IE_DESC = False  # Do not list
3187     _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
3188         (?:https?://)?
3189         (?:\w+\.)?[yY][oO][uU][tT][uU][bB][eE](?:-nocookie)?\.com/
3190         (?:watch\?(?:
3191             feature=[a-z_]+|
3192             annotation_id=annotation_[^&]+|
3193             x-yt-cl=[0-9]+|
3194             hl=[^&]*|
3195             t=[0-9]+
3196         )?
3197         |
3198             attribution_link\?a=[^&]+
3199         )
3200         $
3201     '''
3202
3203     _TESTS = [{
3204         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?annotation_id=annotation_3951667041',
3205         'only_matching': True,
3206     }, {
3207         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?',
3208         'only_matching': True,
3209     }, {
3210         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?x-yt-cl=84503534',
3211         'only_matching': True,
3212     }, {
3213         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=foo',
3214         'only_matching': True,
3215     }, {
3216         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?hl=en-GB',
3217         'only_matching': True,
3218     }, {
3219         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=2372',
3220         'only_matching': True,
3221     }]
3222
3223     def _real_extract(self, url):
3224         raise ExtractorError(
3225             'Did you forget to quote the URL? Remember that & is a meta '
3226             'character in most shells, so you want to put the URL in quotes, '
3227             'like  youtube-dl '
3228             '"https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=foo&v=BaW_jenozKc" '
3229             ' or simply  youtube-dl BaW_jenozKc  .',
3230             expected=True)
3231
3232
3233 class YoutubeTruncatedIDIE(InfoExtractor):
3234     IE_NAME = 'youtube:truncated_id'
3235     IE_DESC = False  # Do not list
3236     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{1,10})$'
3237
3238     _TESTS = [{
3239         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N_708QY7Ob',
3240         'only_matching': True,
3241     }]
3242
3243     def _real_extract(self, url):
3244         video_id = self._match_id(url)
3245         raise ExtractorError(
3246             'Incomplete YouTube ID %s. URL %s looks truncated.' % (video_id, url),
3247             expected=True)