_ Git - youtube-dl/blob - youtube_dl/extractor/youtube.py

   1 # coding: utf-8
   2
   3 from __future__ import unicode_literals
   4
   5
   6 import itertools
   7 import json
   8 import os.path
   9 import random
  10 import re
  11 import time
  12 import traceback
  13
  14 from .common import InfoExtractor, SearchInfoExtractor
  15 from ..jsinterp import JSInterpreter
  16 from ..swfinterp import SWFInterpreter
  17 from ..compat import (
  18     compat_chr,
  19     compat_HTTPError,
  20     compat_kwargs,
  21     compat_parse_qs,
  22     compat_urllib_parse_unquote,
  23     compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus,
  24     compat_urllib_parse_urlencode,
  25     compat_urllib_parse_urlparse,
  26     compat_urlparse,
  27     compat_str,
  28 )
  29 from ..utils import (
  30     bool_or_none,
  31     clean_html,
  32     error_to_compat_str,
  33     extract_attributes,
  34     ExtractorError,
  35     float_or_none,
  36     get_element_by_attribute,
  37     get_element_by_id,
  38     int_or_none,
  39     mimetype2ext,
  40     orderedSet,
  41     parse_codecs,
  42     parse_duration,
  43     remove_quotes,
  44     remove_start,
  45     smuggle_url,
  46     str_or_none,
  47     str_to_int,
  48     try_get,
  49     unescapeHTML,
  50     unified_strdate,
  51     unsmuggle_url,
  52     uppercase_escape,
  53     url_or_none,
  54     urlencode_postdata,
  55 )
  56
  57
  58 class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
  59     """Provide base functions for Youtube extractors"""
  60     _LOGIN_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin'
  61     _TWOFACTOR_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/signin/challenge'
  62
  63     _LOOKUP_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/sl/lookup'
  64     _CHALLENGE_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/sl/challenge'
  65     _TFA_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/challenge?hl=en&TL={0}'
  66
  67     _NETRC_MACHINE = 'youtube'
  68     # If True it will raise an error if no login info is provided
  69     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = False
  70
  71     _PLAYLIST_ID_RE = r'(?:PL|LL|EC|UU|FL|RD|UL|TL|PU|OLAK5uy_)[0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,}'
  72
  73     def _set_language(self):
  74         self._set_cookie(
  75             '.youtube.com', 'PREF', 'f1=50000000&hl=en',
  76             # YouTube sets the expire time to about two months
  77             expire_time=time.time() + 2 * 30 * 24 * 3600)
  78
  79     def _ids_to_results(self, ids):
  80         return [
  81             self.url_result(vid_id, 'Youtube', video_id=vid_id)
  82             for vid_id in ids]
  83
  84     def _login(self):
  85         """
  86         Attempt to log in to YouTube.
  87         True is returned if successful or skipped.
  88         False is returned if login failed.
  89
  90         If _LOGIN_REQUIRED is set and no authentication was provided, an error is raised.
  91         """
  92         username, password = self._get_login_info()
  93         # No authentication to be performed
  94         if username is None:
  95             if self._LOGIN_REQUIRED and self._downloader.params.get('cookiefile') is None:
  96                 raise ExtractorError('No login info available, needed for using %s.' % self.IE_NAME, expected=True)
  97             return True
  98
  99         login_page = self._download_webpage(
 100             self._LOGIN_URL, None,
 101             note='Downloading login page',
 102             errnote='unable to fetch login page', fatal=False)
 103         if login_page is False:
 104             return
 105
 106         login_form = self._hidden_inputs(login_page)
 107
 108         def req(url, f_req, note, errnote):
 109             data = login_form.copy()
 110             data.update({
 111                 'pstMsg': 1,
 112                 'checkConnection': 'youtube',
 113                 'checkedDomains': 'youtube',
 114                 'hl': 'en',
 115                 'deviceinfo': '[null,null,null,[],null,"US",null,null,[],"GlifWebSignIn",null,[null,null,[]]]',
 116                 'f.req': json.dumps(f_req),
 117                 'flowName': 'GlifWebSignIn',
 118                 'flowEntry': 'ServiceLogin',
 119                 # TODO: reverse actual botguard identifier generation algo
 120                 'bgRequest': '["identifier",""]',
 121             })
 122             return self._download_json(
 123                 url, None, note=note, errnote=errnote,
 124                 transform_source=lambda s: re.sub(r'^[^[]*', '', s),
 125                 fatal=False,
 126                 data=urlencode_postdata(data), headers={
 127                     'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8',
 128                     'Google-Accounts-XSRF': 1,
 129                 })
 130
 131         def warn(message):
 132             self._downloader.report_warning(message)
 133
 134         lookup_req = [
 135             username,
 136             None, [], None, 'US', None, None, 2, False, True,
 137             [
 138                 None, None,
 139                 [2, 1, None, 1,
 140                  'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?passive=true&continue=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fsignin%3Fnext%3D%252F%26action_handle_signin%3Dtrue%26hl%3Den%26app%3Ddesktop%26feature%3Dsign_in_button&hl=en&service=youtube&uilel=3&requestPath=%2FServiceLogin&Page=PasswordSeparationSignIn',
 141                  None, [], 4],
 142                 1, [None, None, []], None, None, None, True
 143             ],
 144             username,
 145         ]
 146
 147         lookup_results = req(
 148             self._LOOKUP_URL, lookup_req,
 149             'Looking up account info', 'Unable to look up account info')
 150
 151         if lookup_results is False:
 152             return False
 153
 154         user_hash = try_get(lookup_results, lambda x: x[0][2], compat_str)
 155         if not user_hash:
 156             warn('Unable to extract user hash')
 157             return False
 158
 159         challenge_req = [
 160             user_hash,
 161             None, 1, None, [1, None, None, None, [password, None, True]],
 162             [
 163                 None, None, [2, 1, None, 1, 'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?passive=true&continue=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fsignin%3Fnext%3D%252F%26action_handle_signin%3Dtrue%26hl%3Den%26app%3Ddesktop%26feature%3Dsign_in_button&hl=en&service=youtube&uilel=3&requestPath=%2FServiceLogin&Page=PasswordSeparationSignIn', None, [], 4],
 164                 1, [None, None, []], None, None, None, True
 165             ]]
 166
 167         challenge_results = req(
 168             self._CHALLENGE_URL, challenge_req,
 169             'Logging in', 'Unable to log in')
 170
 171         if challenge_results is False:
 172             return
 173
 174         login_res = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[0][5], list)
 175         if login_res:
 176             login_msg = try_get(login_res, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
 177             warn(
 178                 'Unable to login: %s' % 'Invalid password'
 179                 if login_msg == 'INCORRECT_ANSWER_ENTERED' else login_msg)
 180             return False
 181
 182         res = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[0][-1], list)
 183         if not res:
 184             warn('Unable to extract result entry')
 185             return False
 186
 187         login_challenge = try_get(res, lambda x: x[0][0], list)
 188         if login_challenge:
 189             challenge_str = try_get(login_challenge, lambda x: x[2], compat_str)
 190             if challenge_str == 'TWO_STEP_VERIFICATION':
 191                 # SEND_SUCCESS - TFA code has been successfully sent to phone
 192                 # QUOTA_EXCEEDED - reached the limit of TFA codes
 193                 status = try_get(login_challenge, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
 194                 if status == 'QUOTA_EXCEEDED':
 195                     warn('Exceeded the limit of TFA codes, try later')
 196                     return False
 197
 198                 tl = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[1][2], compat_str)
 199                 if not tl:
 200                     warn('Unable to extract TL')
 201                     return False
 202
 203                 tfa_code = self._get_tfa_info('2-step verification code')
 204
 205                 if not tfa_code:
 206                     warn(
 207                         'Two-factor authentication required. Provide it either interactively or with --twofactor <code>'
 208                         '(Note that only TOTP (Google Authenticator App) codes work at this time.)')
 209                     return False
 210
 211                 tfa_code = remove_start(tfa_code, 'G-')
 212
 213                 tfa_req = [
 214                     user_hash, None, 2, None,
 215                     [
 216                         9, None, None, None, None, None, None, None,
 217                         [None, tfa_code, True, 2]
 218                     ]]
 219
 220                 tfa_results = req(
 221                     self._TFA_URL.format(tl), tfa_req,
 222                     'Submitting TFA code', 'Unable to submit TFA code')
 223
 224                 if tfa_results is False:
 225                     return False
 226
 227                 tfa_res = try_get(tfa_results, lambda x: x[0][5], list)
 228                 if tfa_res:
 229                     tfa_msg = try_get(tfa_res, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
 230                     warn(
 231                         'Unable to finish TFA: %s' % 'Invalid TFA code'
 232                         if tfa_msg == 'INCORRECT_ANSWER_ENTERED' else tfa_msg)
 233                     return False
 234
 235                 check_cookie_url = try_get(
 236                     tfa_results, lambda x: x[0][-1][2], compat_str)
 237             else:
 238                 CHALLENGES = {
 239                     'LOGIN_CHALLENGE': "This device isn't recognized. For your security, Google wants to make sure it's really you.",
 240                     'USERNAME_RECOVERY': 'Please provide additional information to aid in the recovery process.',
 241                     'REAUTH': "There is something unusual about your activity. For your security, Google wants to make sure it's really you.",
 242                 }
 243                 challenge = CHALLENGES.get(
 244                     challenge_str,
 245                     '%s returned error %s.' % (self.IE_NAME, challenge_str))
 246                 warn('%s\nGo to https://accounts.google.com/, login and solve a challenge.' % challenge)
 247                 return False
 248         else:
 249             check_cookie_url = try_get(res, lambda x: x[2], compat_str)
 250
 251         if not check_cookie_url:
 252             warn('Unable to extract CheckCookie URL')
 253             return False
 254
 255         check_cookie_results = self._download_webpage(
 256             check_cookie_url, None, 'Checking cookie', fatal=False)
 257
 258         if check_cookie_results is False:
 259             return False
 260
 261         if 'https://myaccount.google.com/' not in check_cookie_results:
 262             warn('Unable to log in')
 263             return False
 264
 265         return True
 266
 267     def _download_webpage_handle(self, *args, **kwargs):
 268         query = kwargs.get('query', {}).copy()
 269         query['disable_polymer'] = 'true'
 270         kwargs['query'] = query
 271         return super(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, self)._download_webpage_handle(
 272             *args, **compat_kwargs(kwargs))
 273
 274     def _real_initialize(self):
 275         if self._downloader is None:
 276             return
 277         self._set_language()
 278         if not self._login():
 279             return
 280
 281
 282 class YoutubeEntryListBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
 283     # Extract entries from page with "Load more" button
 284     def _entries(self, page, playlist_id):
 285         more_widget_html = content_html = page
 286         for page_num in itertools.count(1):
 287             for entry in self._process_page(content_html):
 288                 yield entry
 289
 290             mobj = re.search(r'data-uix-load-more-href="/?(?P<more>[^"]+)"', more_widget_html)
 291             if not mobj:
 292                 break
 293
 294             count = 0
 295             retries = 3
 296             while count <= retries:
 297                 try:
 298                     # Downloading page may result in intermittent 5xx HTTP error
 299                     # that is usually worked around with a retry
 300                     more = self._download_json(
 301                         'https://youtube.com/%s' % mobj.group('more'), playlist_id,
 302                         'Downloading page #%s%s'
 303                         % (page_num, ' (retry #%d)' % count if count else ''),
 304                         transform_source=uppercase_escape)
 305                     break
 306                 except ExtractorError as e:
 307                     if isinstance(e.cause, compat_HTTPError) and e.cause.code in (500, 503):
 308                         count += 1
 309                         if count <= retries:
 310                             continue
 311                     raise
 312
 313             content_html = more['content_html']
 314             if not content_html.strip():
 315                 # Some webpages show a "Load more" button but they don't
 316                 # have more videos
 317                 break
 318             more_widget_html = more['load_more_widget_html']
 319
 320
 321 class YoutubePlaylistBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeEntryListBaseInfoExtractor):
 322     def _process_page(self, content):
 323         for video_id, video_title in self.extract_videos_from_page(content):
 324             yield self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id, video_title)
 325
 326     def extract_videos_from_page_impl(self, video_re, page, ids_in_page, titles_in_page):
 327         for mobj in re.finditer(video_re, page):
 328             # The link with index 0 is not the first video of the playlist (not sure if still actual)
 329             if 'index' in mobj.groupdict() and mobj.group('id') == '0':
 330                 continue
 331             video_id = mobj.group('id')
 332             video_title = unescapeHTML(
 333                 mobj.group('title')) if 'title' in mobj.groupdict() else None
 334             if video_title:
 335                 video_title = video_title.strip()
 336             if video_title == '► Play all':
 337                 video_title = None
 338             try:
 339                 idx = ids_in_page.index(video_id)
 340                 if video_title and not titles_in_page[idx]:
 341                     titles_in_page[idx] = video_title
 342             except ValueError:
 343                 ids_in_page.append(video_id)
 344                 titles_in_page.append(video_title)
 345
 346     def extract_videos_from_page(self, page):
 347         ids_in_page = []
 348         titles_in_page = []
 349         self.extract_videos_from_page_impl(
 350             self._VIDEO_RE, page, ids_in_page, titles_in_page)
 351         return zip(ids_in_page, titles_in_page)
 352
 353
 354 class YoutubePlaylistsBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeEntryListBaseInfoExtractor):
 355     def _process_page(self, content):
 356         for playlist_id in orderedSet(re.findall(
 357                 r'<h3[^>]+class="[^"]*yt-lockup-title[^"]*"[^>]*><a[^>]+href="/?playlist\?list=([0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,})"',
 358                 content)):
 359             yield self.url_result(
 360                 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=%s' % playlist_id, 'YoutubePlaylist')
 361
 362     def _real_extract(self, url):
 363         playlist_id = self._match_id(url)
 364         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, playlist_id)
 365         title = self._og_search_title(webpage, fatal=False)
 366         return self.playlist_result(self._entries(webpage, playlist_id), playlist_id, title)
 367
 368
 369 class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
 370     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com'
 371     _VALID_URL = r"""(?x)^
 372                      (
 373                          (?:https?://|//)                                    # http(s):// or protocol-independent URL
 374                          (?:(?:(?:(?:\w+\.)?[yY][oO][uU][tT][uU][bB][eE](?:-nocookie|kids)?\.com/|
 375                             (?:www\.)?deturl\.com/www\.youtube\.com/|
 376                             (?:www\.)?pwnyoutube\.com/|
 377                             (?:www\.)?hooktube\.com/|
 378                             (?:www\.)?yourepeat\.com/|
 379                             tube\.majestyc\.net/|
 380                             # Invidious instances taken from https://github.com/omarroth/invidious/wiki/Invidious-Instances
 381                             (?:(?:www|dev)\.)?invidio\.us/|
 382                             (?:(?:www|no)\.)?invidiou\.sh/|
 383                             (?:(?:www|fi|de)\.)?invidious\.snopyta\.org/|
 384                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.kabi\.tk/|
 385                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.13ad\.de/|
 386                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.mastodon\.host/|
 387                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.nixnet\.xyz/|
 388                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.drycat\.fr/|
 389                             (?:www\.)?tube\.poal\.co/|
 390                             (?:www\.)?vid\.wxzm\.sx/|
 391                             (?:www\.)?yt\.elukerio\.org/|
 392                             (?:www\.)?yt\.lelux\.fi/|
 393                             (?:www\.)?kgg2m7yk5aybusll\.onion/|
 394                             (?:www\.)?qklhadlycap4cnod\.onion/|
 395                             (?:www\.)?axqzx4s6s54s32yentfqojs3x5i7faxza6xo3ehd4bzzsg2ii4fv2iid\.onion/|
 396                             (?:www\.)?c7hqkpkpemu6e7emz5b4vyz7idjgdvgaaa3dyimmeojqbgpea3xqjoid\.onion/|
 397                             (?:www\.)?fz253lmuao3strwbfbmx46yu7acac2jz27iwtorgmbqlkurlclmancad\.onion/|
 398                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.l4qlywnpwqsluw65ts7md3khrivpirse744un3x7mlskqauz5pyuzgqd\.onion/|
 399                             (?:www\.)?owxfohz4kjyv25fvlqilyxast7inivgiktls3th44jhk3ej3i7ya\.b32\.i2p/|
 400                             youtube\.googleapis\.com/)                        # the various hostnames, with wildcard subdomains
 401                          (?:.*?\#/)?                                          # handle anchor (#/) redirect urls
 402                          (?:                                                  # the various things that can precede the ID:
 403                              (?:(?:v|embed|e)/(?!videoseries))                # v/ or embed/ or e/
 404                              |(?:                                             # or the v= param in all its forms
 405                                  (?:(?:watch|movie)(?:_popup)?(?:\.php)?/?)?  # preceding watch(_popup|.php) or nothing (like /?v=xxxx)
 406                                  (?:\?|\#!?)                                  # the params delimiter ? or # or #!
 407                                  (?:.*?[&;])??                                # any other preceding param (like /?s=tuff&v=xxxx or ?s=tuff&amp;v=V36LpHqtcDY)
 408                                  v=
 409                              )
 410                          ))
 411                          |(?:
 412                             youtu\.be|                                        # just youtu.be/xxxx
 413                             vid\.plus|                                        # or vid.plus/xxxx
 414                             zwearz\.com/watch|                                # or zwearz.com/watch/xxxx
 415                          )/
 416                          |(?:www\.)?cleanvideosearch\.com/media/action/yt/watch\?videoId=
 417                          )
 418                      )?                                                       # all until now is optional -> you can pass the naked ID
 419                      ([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})                                      # here is it! the YouTube video ID
 420                      (?!.*?\blist=
 421                         (?:
 422                             %(playlist_id)s|                                  # combined list/video URLs are handled by the playlist IE
 423                             WL                                                # WL are handled by the watch later IE
 424                         )
 425                      )
 426                      (?(1).+)?                                                # if we found the ID, everything can follow
 427                      $""" % {'playlist_id': YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._PLAYLIST_ID_RE}
 428     _NEXT_URL_RE = r'[\?&]next_url=([^&]+)'
 429     _formats = {
 430         '5': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 400, 'height': 240, 'acodec': 'mp3', 'abr': 64, 'vcodec': 'h263'},
 431         '6': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 450, 'height': 270, 'acodec': 'mp3', 'abr': 64, 'vcodec': 'h263'},
 432         '13': {'ext': '3gp', 'acodec': 'aac', 'vcodec': 'mp4v'},
 433         '17': {'ext': '3gp', 'width': 176, 'height': 144, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 24, 'vcodec': 'mp4v'},
 434         '18': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 640, 'height': 360, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 96, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 435         '22': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 1280, 'height': 720, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 436         '34': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 640, 'height': 360, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 437         '35': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 438         # itag 36 videos are either 320x180 (BaW_jenozKc) or 320x240 (__2ABJjxzNo), abr varies as well
 439         '36': {'ext': '3gp', 'width': 320, 'acodec': 'aac', 'vcodec': 'mp4v'},
 440         '37': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 1920, 'height': 1080, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 441         '38': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 4096, 'height': 3072, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 442         '43': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 640, 'height': 360, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 443         '44': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 444         '45': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 1280, 'height': 720, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 445         '46': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 1920, 'height': 1080, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 446         '59': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 447         '78': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 448
 449
 450         # 3D videos
 451         '82': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 452         '83': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 453         '84': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 454         '85': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 455         '100': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'vp8', 'preference': -20},
 456         '101': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8', 'preference': -20},
 457         '102': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8', 'preference': -20},
 458
 459         # Apple HTTP Live Streaming
 460         '91': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 461         '92': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 462         '93': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 463         '94': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 464         '95': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 256, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 465         '96': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 256, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 466         '132': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 467         '151': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 72, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 24, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 468
 469         # DASH mp4 video
 470         '133': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 471         '134': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 472         '135': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 473         '136': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 474         '137': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 475         '138': {'ext': 'mp4', 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},  # Height can vary (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4559)
 476         '160': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 477         '212': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 478         '264': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 479         '298': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264', 'fps': 60},
 480         '299': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264', 'fps': 60},
 481         '266': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 482
 483         # Dash mp4 audio
 484         '139': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 485         '140': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 486         '141': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 256, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 487         '256': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 488         '258': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 489         '325': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'dtse', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 490         '328': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'ec-3', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 491
 492         # Dash webm
 493         '167': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'width': 640, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 494         '168': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 495         '169': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'width': 1280, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 496         '170': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'width': 1920, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 497         '218': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 498         '219': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 499         '278': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 500         '242': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 501         '243': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 502         '244': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 503         '245': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 504         '246': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 505         '247': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 506         '248': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 507         '271': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 508         # itag 272 videos are either 3840x2160 (e.g. RtoitU2A-3E) or 7680x4320 (sLprVF6d7Ug)
 509         '272': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 510         '302': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 511         '303': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 512         '308': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 513         '313': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 514         '315': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 515
 516         # Dash webm audio
 517         '171': {'ext': 'webm', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'abr': 128},
 518         '172': {'ext': 'webm', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'abr': 256},
 519
 520         # Dash webm audio with opus inside
 521         '249': {'ext': 'webm', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 50},
 522         '250': {'ext': 'webm', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 70},
 523         '251': {'ext': 'webm', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 160},
 524
 525         # RTMP (unnamed)
 526         '_rtmp': {'protocol': 'rtmp'},
 527
 528         # av01 video only formats sometimes served with "unknown" codecs
 529         '394': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
 530         '395': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
 531         '396': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
 532         '397': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
 533     }
 534     _SUBTITLE_FORMATS = ('srv1', 'srv2', 'srv3', 'ttml', 'vtt')
 535
 536     _GEO_BYPASS = False
 537
 538     IE_NAME = 'youtube'
 539     _TESTS = [
 540         {
 541             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc&t=1s&end=9',
 542             'info_dict': {
 543                 'id': 'BaW_jenozKc',
 544                 'ext': 'mp4',
 545                 'title': 'youtube-dl test video "\'/\\ä↭𝕐',
 546                 'uploader': 'Philipp Hagemeister',
 547                 'uploader_id': 'phihag',
 548                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/phihag',
 549                 'channel_id': 'UCLqxVugv74EIW3VWh2NOa3Q',
 550                 'channel_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCLqxVugv74EIW3VWh2NOa3Q',
 551                 'upload_date': '20121002',
 552                 'description': 'test chars:  "\'/\\ä↭𝕐\ntest URL: https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/1892\n\nThis is a test video for youtube-dl.\n\nFor more information, contact phihag@phihag.de .',
 553                 'categories': ['Science & Technology'],
 554                 'tags': ['youtube-dl'],
 555                 'duration': 10,
 556                 'view_count': int,
 557                 'like_count': int,
 558                 'dislike_count': int,
 559                 'start_time': 1,
 560                 'end_time': 9,
 561             }
 562         },
 563         {
 564             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UxxajLWwzqY',
 565             'note': 'Test generic use_cipher_signature video (#897)',
 566             'info_dict': {
 567                 'id': 'UxxajLWwzqY',
 568                 'ext': 'mp4',
 569                 'upload_date': '20120506',
 570                 'title': 'Icona Pop - I Love It (feat. Charli XCX) [OFFICIAL VIDEO]',
 571                 'alt_title': 'I Love It (feat. Charli XCX)',
 572                 'description': 'md5:19a2f98d9032b9311e686ed039564f63',
 573                 'tags': ['Icona Pop i love it', 'sweden', 'pop music', 'big beat records', 'big beat', 'charli',
 574                          'xcx', 'charli xcx', 'girls', 'hbo', 'i love it', "i don't care", 'icona', 'pop',
 575                          'iconic ep', 'iconic', 'love', 'it'],
 576                 'duration': 180,
 577                 'uploader': 'Icona Pop',
 578                 'uploader_id': 'IconaPop',
 579                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/IconaPop',
 580                 'creator': 'Icona Pop',
 581                 'track': 'I Love It (feat. Charli XCX)',
 582                 'artist': 'Icona Pop',
 583             }
 584         },
 585         {
 586             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=07FYdnEawAQ',
 587             'note': 'Test VEVO video with age protection (#956)',
 588             'info_dict': {
 589                 'id': '07FYdnEawAQ',
 590                 'ext': 'mp4',
 591                 'upload_date': '20130703',
 592                 'title': 'Justin Timberlake - Tunnel Vision (Official Music Video) (Explicit)',
 593                 'alt_title': 'Tunnel Vision',
 594                 'description': 'md5:07dab3356cde4199048e4c7cd93471e1',
 595                 'duration': 419,
 596                 'uploader': 'justintimberlakeVEVO',
 597                 'uploader_id': 'justintimberlakeVEVO',
 598                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/justintimberlakeVEVO',
 599                 'creator': 'Justin Timberlake',
 600                 'track': 'Tunnel Vision',
 601                 'artist': 'Justin Timberlake',
 602                 'age_limit': 18,
 603             }
 604         },
 605         {
 606             'url': '//www.YouTube.com/watch?v=yZIXLfi8CZQ',
 607             'note': 'Embed-only video (#1746)',
 608             'info_dict': {
 609                 'id': 'yZIXLfi8CZQ',
 610                 'ext': 'mp4',
 611                 'upload_date': '20120608',
 612                 'title': 'Principal Sexually Assaults A Teacher - Episode 117 - 8th June 2012',
 613                 'description': 'md5:09b78bd971f1e3e289601dfba15ca4f7',
 614                 'uploader': 'SET India',
 615                 'uploader_id': 'setindia',
 616                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/setindia',
 617                 'age_limit': 18,
 618             }
 619         },
 620         {
 621             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc&v=UxxajLWwzqY',
 622             'note': 'Use the first video ID in the URL',
 623             'info_dict': {
 624                 'id': 'BaW_jenozKc',
 625                 'ext': 'mp4',
 626                 'title': 'youtube-dl test video "\'/\\ä↭𝕐',
 627                 'uploader': 'Philipp Hagemeister',
 628                 'uploader_id': 'phihag',
 629                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/phihag',
 630                 'upload_date': '20121002',
 631                 'description': 'test chars:  "\'/\\ä↭𝕐\ntest URL: https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/1892\n\nThis is a test video for youtube-dl.\n\nFor more information, contact phihag@phihag.de .',
 632                 'categories': ['Science & Technology'],
 633                 'tags': ['youtube-dl'],
 634                 'duration': 10,
 635                 'view_count': int,
 636                 'like_count': int,
 637                 'dislike_count': int,
 638             },
 639             'params': {
 640                 'skip_download': True,
 641             },
 642         },
 643         {
 644             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a9LDPn-MO4I',
 645             'note': '256k DASH audio (format 141) via DASH manifest',
 646             'info_dict': {
 647                 'id': 'a9LDPn-MO4I',
 648                 'ext': 'm4a',
 649                 'upload_date': '20121002',
 650                 'uploader_id': '8KVIDEO',
 651                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/8KVIDEO',
 652                 'description': '',
 653                 'uploader': '8KVIDEO',
 654                 'title': 'UHDTV TEST 8K VIDEO.mp4'
 655             },
 656             'params': {
 657                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 658                 'format': '141',
 659             },
 660             'skip': 'format 141 not served anymore',
 661         },
 662         # DASH manifest with encrypted signature
 663         {
 664             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IB3lcPjvWLA',
 665             'info_dict': {
 666                 'id': 'IB3lcPjvWLA',
 667                 'ext': 'm4a',
 668                 'title': 'Afrojack, Spree Wilson - The Spark (Official Music Video) ft. Spree Wilson',
 669                 'description': 'md5:8f5e2b82460520b619ccac1f509d43bf',
 670                 'duration': 244,
 671                 'uploader': 'AfrojackVEVO',
 672                 'uploader_id': 'AfrojackVEVO',
 673                 'upload_date': '20131011',
 674             },
 675             'params': {
 676                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 677                 'format': '141/bestaudio[ext=m4a]',
 678             },
 679         },
 680         # JS player signature function name containing $
 681         {
 682             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nfWlot6h_JM',
 683             'info_dict': {
 684                 'id': 'nfWlot6h_JM',
 685                 'ext': 'm4a',
 686                 'title': 'Taylor Swift - Shake It Off',
 687                 'description': 'md5:307195cd21ff7fa352270fe884570ef0',
 688                 'duration': 242,
 689                 'uploader': 'TaylorSwiftVEVO',
 690                 'uploader_id': 'TaylorSwiftVEVO',
 691                 'upload_date': '20140818',
 692             },
 693             'params': {
 694                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 695                 'format': '141/bestaudio[ext=m4a]',
 696             },
 697         },
 698         # Controversy video
 699         {
 700             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T4XJQO3qol8',
 701             'info_dict': {
 702                 'id': 'T4XJQO3qol8',
 703                 'ext': 'mp4',
 704                 'duration': 219,
 705                 'upload_date': '20100909',
 706                 'uploader': 'Amazing Atheist',
 707                 'uploader_id': 'TheAmazingAtheist',
 708                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/TheAmazingAtheist',
 709                 'title': 'Burning Everyone\'s Koran',
 710                 'description': 'SUBSCRIBE: http://www.youtube.com/saturninefilms\n\nEven Obama has taken a stand against freedom on this issue: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/09/09/obama-gma-interview-quran_n_710282.html',
 711             }
 712         },
 713         # Normal age-gate video (No vevo, embed allowed)
 714         {
 715             'url': 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=HtVdAasjOgU',
 716             'info_dict': {
 717                 'id': 'HtVdAasjOgU',
 718                 'ext': 'mp4',
 719                 'title': 'The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt - The Sword Of Destiny Trailer',
 720                 'description': r're:(?s).{100,}About the Game\n.*?The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt.{100,}',
 721                 'duration': 142,
 722                 'uploader': 'The Witcher',
 723                 'uploader_id': 'WitcherGame',
 724                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/WitcherGame',
 725                 'upload_date': '20140605',
 726                 'age_limit': 18,
 727             },
 728         },
 729         # Age-gate video with encrypted signature
 730         {
 731             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6kLq3WMV1nU',
 732             'info_dict': {
 733                 'id': '6kLq3WMV1nU',
 734                 'ext': 'mp4',
 735                 'title': 'Dedication To My Ex (Miss That) (Lyric Video)',
 736                 'description': 'md5:33765bb339e1b47e7e72b5490139bb41',
 737                 'duration': 246,
 738                 'uploader': 'LloydVEVO',
 739                 'uploader_id': 'LloydVEVO',
 740                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/LloydVEVO',
 741                 'upload_date': '20110629',
 742                 'age_limit': 18,
 743             },
 744         },
 745         # video_info is None (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4421)
 746         # YouTube Red ad is not captured for creator
 747         {
 748             'url': '__2ABJjxzNo',
 749             'info_dict': {
 750                 'id': '__2ABJjxzNo',
 751                 'ext': 'mp4',
 752                 'duration': 266,
 753                 'upload_date': '20100430',
 754                 'uploader_id': 'deadmau5',
 755                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/deadmau5',
 756                 'creator': 'Dada Life, deadmau5',
 757                 'description': 'md5:12c56784b8032162bb936a5f76d55360',
 758                 'uploader': 'deadmau5',
 759                 'title': 'Deadmau5 - Some Chords (HD)',
 760                 'alt_title': 'This Machine Kills Some Chords',
 761             },
 762             'expected_warnings': [
 763                 'DASH manifest missing',
 764             ]
 765         },
 766         # Olympics (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4431)
 767         {
 768             'url': 'lqQg6PlCWgI',
 769             'info_dict': {
 770                 'id': 'lqQg6PlCWgI',
 771                 'ext': 'mp4',
 772                 'duration': 6085,
 773                 'upload_date': '20150827',
 774                 'uploader_id': 'olympic',
 775                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/olympic',
 776                 'description': 'HO09  - Women -  GER-AUS - Hockey - 31 July 2012 - London 2012 Olympic Games',
 777                 'uploader': 'Olympic',
 778                 'title': 'Hockey - Women -  GER-AUS - London 2012 Olympic Games',
 779             },
 780             'params': {
 781                 'skip_download': 'requires avconv',
 782             }
 783         },
 784         # Non-square pixels
 785         {
 786             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_b-2C3KPAM0',
 787             'info_dict': {
 788                 'id': '_b-2C3KPAM0',
 789                 'ext': 'mp4',
 790                 'stretched_ratio': 16 / 9.,
 791                 'duration': 85,
 792                 'upload_date': '20110310',
 793                 'uploader_id': 'AllenMeow',
 794                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/AllenMeow',
 795                 'description': 'made by Wacom from Korea | 字幕&加油添醋 by TY\'s Allen | 感謝heylisa00cavey1001同學熱情提供梗及翻譯',
 796                 'uploader': '孫ᄋᄅ',
 797                 'title': '[A-made] 變態妍字幕版 太妍 我就是這樣的人',
 798             },
 799         },
 800         # url_encoded_fmt_stream_map is empty string
 801         {
 802             'url': 'qEJwOuvDf7I',
 803             'info_dict': {
 804                 'id': 'qEJwOuvDf7I',
 805                 'ext': 'webm',
 806                 'title': 'Обсуждение судебной практики по выборам 14 сентября 2014 года в Санкт-Петербурге',
 807                 'description': '',
 808                 'upload_date': '20150404',
 809                 'uploader_id': 'spbelect',
 810                 'uploader': 'Наблюдатели Петербурга',
 811             },
 812             'params': {
 813                 'skip_download': 'requires avconv',
 814             },
 815             'skip': 'This live event has ended.',
 816         },
 817         # Extraction from multiple DASH manifests (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/6097)
 818         {
 819             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FIl7x6_3R5Y',
 820             'info_dict': {
 821                 'id': 'FIl7x6_3R5Y',
 822                 'ext': 'webm',
 823                 'title': 'md5:7b81415841e02ecd4313668cde88737a',
 824                 'description': 'md5:116377fd2963b81ec4ce64b542173306',
 825                 'duration': 220,
 826                 'upload_date': '20150625',
 827                 'uploader_id': 'dorappi2000',
 828                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/dorappi2000',
 829                 'uploader': 'dorappi2000',
 830                 'formats': 'mincount:31',
 831             },
 832             'skip': 'not actual anymore',
 833         },
 834         # DASH manifest with segment_list
 835         {
 836             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/embed/CsmdDsKjzN8',
 837             'md5': '8ce563a1d667b599d21064e982ab9e31',
 838             'info_dict': {
 839                 'id': 'CsmdDsKjzN8',
 840                 'ext': 'mp4',
 841                 'upload_date': '20150501',  # According to '<meta itemprop="datePublished"', but in other places it's 20150510
 842                 'uploader': 'Airtek',
 843                 'description': 'Retransmisión en directo de la XVIII media maratón de Zaragoza.',
 844                 'uploader_id': 'UCzTzUmjXxxacNnL8I3m4LnQ',
 845                 'title': 'Retransmisión XVIII Media maratón Zaragoza 2015',
 846             },
 847             'params': {
 848                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 849                 'format': '135',  # bestvideo
 850             },
 851             'skip': 'This live event has ended.',
 852         },
 853         {
 854             # Multifeed videos (multiple cameras), URL is for Main Camera
 855             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jqWvoWXjCVs',
 856             'info_dict': {
 857                 'id': 'jqWvoWXjCVs',
 858                 'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream',
 859                 'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 860             },
 861             'playlist': [{
 862                 'info_dict': {
 863                     'id': 'jqWvoWXjCVs',
 864                     'ext': 'mp4',
 865                     'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream (Main Camera)',
 866                     'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 867                     'duration': 7335,
 868                     'upload_date': '20150721',
 869                     'uploader': 'Beer Games Beer',
 870                     'uploader_id': 'beergamesbeer',
 871                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/beergamesbeer',
 872                     'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
 873                 },
 874             }, {
 875                 'info_dict': {
 876                     'id': '6h8e8xoXJzg',
 877                     'ext': 'mp4',
 878                     'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream (kreestuh)',
 879                     'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 880                     'duration': 7337,
 881                     'upload_date': '20150721',
 882                     'uploader': 'Beer Games Beer',
 883                     'uploader_id': 'beergamesbeer',
 884                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/beergamesbeer',
 885                     'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
 886                 },
 887             }, {
 888                 'info_dict': {
 889                     'id': 'PUOgX5z9xZw',
 890                     'ext': 'mp4',
 891                     'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream (grizzle)',
 892                     'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 893                     'duration': 7337,
 894                     'upload_date': '20150721',
 895                     'uploader': 'Beer Games Beer',
 896                     'uploader_id': 'beergamesbeer',
 897                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/beergamesbeer',
 898                     'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
 899                 },
 900             }, {
 901                 'info_dict': {
 902                     'id': 'teuwxikvS5k',
 903                     'ext': 'mp4',
 904                     'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream (zim)',
 905                     'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 906                     'duration': 7334,
 907                     'upload_date': '20150721',
 908                     'uploader': 'Beer Games Beer',
 909                     'uploader_id': 'beergamesbeer',
 910                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/beergamesbeer',
 911                     'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
 912                 },
 913             }],
 914             'params': {
 915                 'skip_download': True,
 916             },
 917             'skip': 'This video is not available.',
 918         },
 919         {
 920             # Multifeed video with comma in title (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8536)
 921             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gVfLd0zydlo',
 922             'info_dict': {
 923                 'id': 'gVfLd0zydlo',
 924                 'title': 'DevConf.cz 2016 Day 2 Workshops 1 14:00 - 15:30',
 925             },
 926             'playlist_count': 2,
 927             'skip': 'Not multifeed anymore',
 928         },
 929         {
 930             'url': 'https://vid.plus/FlRa-iH7PGw',
 931             'only_matching': True,
 932         },
 933         {
 934             'url': 'https://zwearz.com/watch/9lWxNJF-ufM/electra-woman-dyna-girl-official-trailer-grace-helbig.html',
 935             'only_matching': True,
 936         },
 937         {
 938             # Title with JS-like syntax "};" (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7468)
 939             # Also tests cut-off URL expansion in video description (see
 940             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/1892,
 941             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8164)
 942             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lsguqyKfVQg',
 943             'info_dict': {
 944                 'id': 'lsguqyKfVQg',
 945                 'ext': 'mp4',
 946                 'title': '{dark walk}; Loki/AC/Dishonored; collab w/Elflover21',
 947                 'alt_title': 'Dark Walk - Position Music',
 948                 'description': 'md5:8085699c11dc3f597ce0410b0dcbb34a',
 949                 'duration': 133,
 950                 'upload_date': '20151119',
 951                 'uploader_id': 'IronSoulElf',
 952                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/IronSoulElf',
 953                 'uploader': 'IronSoulElf',
 954                 'creator': 'Todd Haberman,  Daniel Law Heath and Aaron Kaplan',
 955                 'track': 'Dark Walk - Position Music',
 956                 'artist': 'Todd Haberman,  Daniel Law Heath and Aaron Kaplan',
 957                 'album': 'Position Music - Production Music Vol. 143 - Dark Walk',
 958             },
 959             'params': {
 960                 'skip_download': True,
 961             },
 962         },
 963         {
 964             # Tags with '};' (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7468)
 965             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ms7iBXnlUO8',
 966             'only_matching': True,
 967         },
 968         {
 969             # Video with yt:stretch=17:0
 970             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q39EVAstoRM',
 971             'info_dict': {
 972                 'id': 'Q39EVAstoRM',
 973                 'ext': 'mp4',
 974                 'title': 'Clash Of Clans#14 Dicas De Ataque Para CV 4',
 975                 'description': 'md5:ee18a25c350637c8faff806845bddee9',
 976                 'upload_date': '20151107',
 977                 'uploader_id': 'UCCr7TALkRbo3EtFzETQF1LA',
 978                 'uploader': 'CH GAMER DROID',
 979             },
 980             'params': {
 981                 'skip_download': True,
 982             },
 983             'skip': 'This video does not exist.',
 984         },
 985         {
 986             # Video licensed under Creative Commons
 987             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M4gD1WSo5mA',
 988             'info_dict': {
 989                 'id': 'M4gD1WSo5mA',
 990                 'ext': 'mp4',
 991                 'title': 'md5:e41008789470fc2533a3252216f1c1d1',
 992                 'description': 'md5:a677553cf0840649b731a3024aeff4cc',
 993                 'duration': 721,
 994                 'upload_date': '20150127',
 995                 'uploader_id': 'BerkmanCenter',
 996                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/BerkmanCenter',
 997                 'uploader': 'The Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society',
 998                 'license': 'Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed)',
 999             },
1000             'params': {
1001                 'skip_download': True,
1002             },
1003         },
1004         {
1005             # Channel-like uploader_url
1006             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eQcmzGIKrzg',
1007             'info_dict': {
1008                 'id': 'eQcmzGIKrzg',
1009                 'ext': 'mp4',
1010                 'title': 'Democratic Socialism and Foreign Policy | Bernie Sanders',
1011                 'description': 'md5:dda0d780d5a6e120758d1711d062a867',
1012                 'duration': 4060,
1013                 'upload_date': '20151119',
1014                 'uploader': 'Bernie Sanders',
1015                 'uploader_id': 'UCH1dpzjCEiGAt8CXkryhkZg',
1016                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCH1dpzjCEiGAt8CXkryhkZg',
1017                 'license': 'Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed)',
1018             },
1019             'params': {
1020                 'skip_download': True,
1021             },
1022         },
1023         {
1024             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;amp;v=V36LpHqtcDY',
1025             'only_matching': True,
1026         },
1027         {
1028             # YouTube Red paid video (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/10059)
1029             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i1Ko8UG-Tdo',
1030             'only_matching': True,
1031         },
1032         {
1033             # Rental video preview
1034             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yYr8q0y5Jfg',
1035             'info_dict': {
1036                 'id': 'uGpuVWrhIzE',
1037                 'ext': 'mp4',
1038                 'title': 'Piku - Trailer',
1039                 'description': 'md5:c36bd60c3fd6f1954086c083c72092eb',
1040                 'upload_date': '20150811',
1041                 'uploader': 'FlixMatrix',
1042                 'uploader_id': 'FlixMatrixKaravan',
1043                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/FlixMatrixKaravan',
1044                 'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
1045             },
1046             'params': {
1047                 'skip_download': True,
1048             },
1049             'skip': 'This video is not available.',
1050         },
1051         {
1052             # YouTube Red video with episode data
1053             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iqKdEhx-dD4',
1054             'info_dict': {
1055                 'id': 'iqKdEhx-dD4',
1056                 'ext': 'mp4',
1057                 'title': 'Isolation - Mind Field (Ep 1)',
1058                 'description': 'md5:46a29be4ceffa65b92d277b93f463c0f',
1059                 'duration': 2085,
1060                 'upload_date': '20170118',
1061                 'uploader': 'Vsauce',
1062                 'uploader_id': 'Vsauce',
1063                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/Vsauce',
1064                 'series': 'Mind Field',
1065                 'season_number': 1,
1066                 'episode_number': 1,
1067             },
1068             'params': {
1069                 'skip_download': True,
1070             },
1071             'expected_warnings': [
1072                 'Skipping DASH manifest',
1073             ],
1074         },
1075         {
1076             # The following content has been identified by the YouTube community
1077             # as inappropriate or offensive to some audiences.
1078             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6SJNVb0GnPI',
1079             'info_dict': {
1080                 'id': '6SJNVb0GnPI',
1081                 'ext': 'mp4',
1082                 'title': 'Race Differences in Intelligence',
1083                 'description': 'md5:5d161533167390427a1f8ee89a1fc6f1',
1084                 'duration': 965,
1085                 'upload_date': '20140124',
1086                 'uploader': 'New Century Foundation',
1087                 'uploader_id': 'UCEJYpZGqgUob0zVVEaLhvVg',
1088                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCEJYpZGqgUob0zVVEaLhvVg',
1089             },
1090             'params': {
1091                 'skip_download': True,
1092             },
1093         },
1094         {
1095             # itag 212
1096             'url': '1t24XAntNCY',
1097             'only_matching': True,
1098         },
1099         {
1100             # geo restricted to JP
1101             'url': 'sJL6WA-aGkQ',
1102             'only_matching': True,
1103         },
1104         {
1105             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MuAGGZNfUkU&list=RDMM',
1106             'only_matching': True,
1107         },
1108         {
1109             'url': 'https://invidio.us/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc',
1110             'only_matching': True,
1111         },
1112         {
1113             # DRM protected
1114             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s7_qI6_mIXc',
1115             'only_matching': True,
1116         },
1117         {
1118             # Video with unsupported adaptive stream type formats
1119             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z4Vy8R84T1U',
1120             'info_dict': {
1121                 'id': 'Z4Vy8R84T1U',
1122                 'ext': 'mp4',
1123                 'title': 'saman SMAN 53 Jakarta(Sancety) opening COFFEE4th at SMAN 53 Jakarta',
1124                 'description': 'md5:d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e',
1125                 'duration': 433,
1126                 'upload_date': '20130923',
1127                 'uploader': 'Amelia Putri Harwita',
1128                 'uploader_id': 'UCpOxM49HJxmC1qCalXyB3_Q',
1129                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCpOxM49HJxmC1qCalXyB3_Q',
1130                 'formats': 'maxcount:10',
1131             },
1132             'params': {
1133                 'skip_download': True,
1134                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': False,
1135             },
1136             'skip': 'not actual anymore',
1137         },
1138         {
1139             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1140             'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/watch?v=MgNrAu2pzNs',
1141             'info_dict': {
1142                 'id': 'MgNrAu2pzNs',
1143                 'ext': 'mp4',
1144                 'title': 'Voyeur Girl',
1145                 'description': 'md5:7ae382a65843d6df2685993e90a8628f',
1146                 'upload_date': '20190312',
1147                 'uploader': 'Stephen - Topic',
1148                 'uploader_id': 'UC-pWHpBjdGG69N9mM2auIAA',
1149                 'artist': 'Stephen',
1150                 'track': 'Voyeur Girl',
1151                 'album': 'it\'s too much love to know my dear',
1152                 'release_date': '20190313',
1153                 'release_year': 2019,
1154             },
1155             'params': {
1156                 'skip_download': True,
1157             },
1158         },
1159         {
1160             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1161             # Retrieve 'artist' field from 'Artist:' in video description
1162             # when it is present on youtube music video
1163             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k0jLE7tTwjY',
1164             'info_dict': {
1165                 'id': 'k0jLE7tTwjY',
1166                 'ext': 'mp4',
1167                 'title': 'Latch Feat. Sam Smith',
1168                 'description': 'md5:3cb1e8101a7c85fcba9b4fb41b951335',
1169                 'upload_date': '20150110',
1170                 'uploader': 'Various Artists - Topic',
1171                 'uploader_id': 'UCNkEcmYdjrH4RqtNgh7BZ9w',
1172                 'artist': 'Disclosure',
1173                 'track': 'Latch Feat. Sam Smith',
1174                 'album': 'Latch Featuring Sam Smith',
1175                 'release_date': '20121008',
1176                 'release_year': 2012,
1177             },
1178             'params': {
1179                 'skip_download': True,
1180             },
1181         },
1182         {
1183             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1184             # handle multiple artists on youtube music video
1185             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=74qn0eJSjpA',
1186             'info_dict': {
1187                 'id': '74qn0eJSjpA',
1188                 'ext': 'mp4',
1189                 'title': 'Eastside',
1190                 'description': 'md5:290516bb73dcbfab0dcc4efe6c3de5f2',
1191                 'upload_date': '20180710',
1192                 'uploader': 'Benny Blanco - Topic',
1193                 'uploader_id': 'UCzqz_ksRu_WkIzmivMdIS7A',
1194                 'artist': 'benny blanco, Halsey, Khalid',
1195                 'track': 'Eastside',
1196                 'album': 'Eastside',
1197                 'release_date': '20180713',
1198                 'release_year': 2018,
1199             },
1200             'params': {
1201                 'skip_download': True,
1202             },
1203         },
1204         {
1205             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1206             # handle youtube music video with release_year and no release_date
1207             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-hcAI0g-f5M',
1208             'info_dict': {
1209                 'id': '-hcAI0g-f5M',
1210                 'ext': 'mp4',
1211                 'title': 'Put It On Me',
1212                 'description': 'md5:f6422397c07c4c907c6638e1fee380a5',
1213                 'upload_date': '20180426',
1214                 'uploader': 'Matt Maeson - Topic',
1215                 'uploader_id': 'UCnEkIGqtGcQMLk73Kp-Q5LQ',
1216                 'artist': 'Matt Maeson',
1217                 'track': 'Put It On Me',
1218                 'album': 'The Hearse',
1219                 'release_date': None,
1220                 'release_year': 2018,
1221             },
1222             'params': {
1223                 'skip_download': True,
1224             },
1225         },
1226         {
1227             'url': 'https://www.youtubekids.com/watch?v=3b8nCWDgZ6Q',
1228             'only_matching': True,
1229         },
1230     ]
1231
1232     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
1233         super(YoutubeIE, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
1234         self._player_cache = {}
1235
1236     def report_video_info_webpage_download(self, video_id):
1237         """Report attempt to download video info webpage."""
1238         self.to_screen('%s: Downloading video info webpage' % video_id)
1239
1240     def report_information_extraction(self, video_id):
1241         """Report attempt to extract video information."""
1242         self.to_screen('%s: Extracting video information' % video_id)
1243
1244     def report_unavailable_format(self, video_id, format):
1245         """Report extracted video URL."""
1246         self.to_screen('%s: Format %s not available' % (video_id, format))
1247
1248     def report_rtmp_download(self):
1249         """Indicate the download will use the RTMP protocol."""
1250         self.to_screen('RTMP download detected')
1251
1252     def _signature_cache_id(self, example_sig):
1253         """ Return a string representation of a signature """
1254         return '.'.join(compat_str(len(part)) for part in example_sig.split('.'))
1255
1256     def _extract_signature_function(self, video_id, player_url, example_sig):
1257         id_m = re.match(
1258             r'.*?[-.](?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)(?:/watch_as3|/html5player(?:-new)?|(?:/[a-z]{2,3}_[A-Z]{2})?/base)?\.(?P<ext>[a-z]+)$',
1259             player_url)
1260         if not id_m:
1261             raise ExtractorError('Cannot identify player %r' % player_url)
1262         player_type = id_m.group('ext')
1263         player_id = id_m.group('id')
1264
1265         # Read from filesystem cache
1266         func_id = '%s_%s_%s' % (
1267             player_type, player_id, self._signature_cache_id(example_sig))
1268         assert os.path.basename(func_id) == func_id
1269
1270         cache_spec = self._downloader.cache.load('youtube-sigfuncs', func_id)
1271         if cache_spec is not None:
1272             return lambda s: ''.join(s[i] for i in cache_spec)
1273
1274         download_note = (
1275             'Downloading player %s' % player_url
1276             if self._downloader.params.get('verbose') else
1277             'Downloading %s player %s' % (player_type, player_id)
1278         )
1279         if player_type == 'js':
1280             code = self._download_webpage(
1281                 player_url, video_id,
1282                 note=download_note,
1283                 errnote='Download of %s failed' % player_url)
1284             res = self._parse_sig_js(code)
1285         elif player_type == 'swf':
1286             urlh = self._request_webpage(
1287                 player_url, video_id,
1288                 note=download_note,
1289                 errnote='Download of %s failed' % player_url)
1290             code = urlh.read()
1291             res = self._parse_sig_swf(code)
1292         else:
1293             assert False, 'Invalid player type %r' % player_type
1294
1295         test_string = ''.join(map(compat_chr, range(len(example_sig))))
1296         cache_res = res(test_string)
1297         cache_spec = [ord(c) for c in cache_res]
1298
1299         self._downloader.cache.store('youtube-sigfuncs', func_id, cache_spec)
1300         return res
1301
1302     def _print_sig_code(self, func, example_sig):
1303         def gen_sig_code(idxs):
1304             def _genslice(start, end, step):
1305                 starts = '' if start == 0 else str(start)
1306                 ends = (':%d' % (end + step)) if end + step >= 0 else ':'
1307                 steps = '' if step == 1 else (':%d' % step)
1308                 return 's[%s%s%s]' % (starts, ends, steps)
1309
1310             step = None
1311             # Quelch pyflakes warnings - start will be set when step is set
1312             start = '(Never used)'
1313             for i, prev in zip(idxs[1:], idxs[:-1]):
1314                 if step is not None:
1315                     if i - prev == step:
1316                         continue
1317                     yield _genslice(start, prev, step)
1318                     step = None
1319                     continue
1320                 if i - prev in [-1, 1]:
1321                     step = i - prev
1322                     start = prev
1323                     continue
1324                 else:
1325                     yield 's[%d]' % prev
1326             if step is None:
1327                 yield 's[%d]' % i
1328             else:
1329                 yield _genslice(start, i, step)
1330
1331         test_string = ''.join(map(compat_chr, range(len(example_sig))))
1332         cache_res = func(test_string)
1333         cache_spec = [ord(c) for c in cache_res]
1334         expr_code = ' + '.join(gen_sig_code(cache_spec))
1335         signature_id_tuple = '(%s)' % (
1336             ', '.join(compat_str(len(p)) for p in example_sig.split('.')))
1337         code = ('if tuple(len(p) for p in s.split(\'.\')) == %s:\n'
1338                 '    return %s\n') % (signature_id_tuple, expr_code)
1339         self.to_screen('Extracted signature function:\n' + code)
1340
1341     def _parse_sig_js(self, jscode):
1342         funcname = self._search_regex(
1343             (r'\b[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*encodeURIComponent\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1344              r'\b[a-zA-Z0-9]+\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*encodeURIComponent\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1345              r'\b(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2})\s*=\s*function\(\s*a\s*\)\s*{\s*a\s*=\s*a\.split\(\s*""\s*\)',
1346              r'(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\s*=\s*function\(\s*a\s*\)\s*{\s*a\s*=\s*a\.split\(\s*""\s*\)',
1347              # Obsolete patterns
1348              r'(["\'])signature\1\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1349              r'\.sig\|\|(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1350              r'yt\.akamaized\.net/\)\s*\|\|\s*.*?\s*[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?:encodeURIComponent\s*\()?\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1351              r'\b[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1352              r'\b[a-zA-Z0-9]+\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1353              r'\bc\s*&&\s*a\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*\([^)]*\)\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1354              r'\bc\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*\([^)]*\)\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1355              r'\bc\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*\([^)]*\)\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\('),
1356             jscode, 'Initial JS player signature function name', group='sig')
1357
1358         jsi = JSInterpreter(jscode)
1359         initial_function = jsi.extract_function(funcname)
1360         return lambda s: initial_function([s])
1361
1362     def _parse_sig_swf(self, file_contents):
1363         swfi = SWFInterpreter(file_contents)
1364         TARGET_CLASSNAME = 'SignatureDecipher'
1365         searched_class = swfi.extract_class(TARGET_CLASSNAME)
1366         initial_function = swfi.extract_function(searched_class, 'decipher')
1367         return lambda s: initial_function([s])
1368
1369     def _decrypt_signature(self, s, video_id, player_url, age_gate=False):
1370         """Turn the encrypted s field into a working signature"""
1371
1372         if player_url is None:
1373             raise ExtractorError('Cannot decrypt signature without player_url')
1374
1375         if player_url.startswith('//'):
1376             player_url = 'https:' + player_url
1377         elif not re.match(r'https?://', player_url):
1378             player_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin(
1379                 'https://www.youtube.com', player_url)
1380         try:
1381             player_id = (player_url, self._signature_cache_id(s))
1382             if player_id not in self._player_cache:
1383                 func = self._extract_signature_function(
1384                     video_id, player_url, s
1385                 )
1386                 self._player_cache[player_id] = func
1387             func = self._player_cache[player_id]
1388             if self._downloader.params.get('youtube_print_sig_code'):
1389                 self._print_sig_code(func, s)
1390             return func(s)
1391         except Exception as e:
1392             tb = traceback.format_exc()
1393             raise ExtractorError(
1394                 'Signature extraction failed: ' + tb, cause=e)
1395
1396     def _get_subtitles(self, video_id, webpage):
1397         try:
1398             subs_doc = self._download_xml(
1399                 'https://video.google.com/timedtext?hl=en&type=list&v=%s' % video_id,
1400                 video_id, note=False)
1401         except ExtractorError as err:
1402             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to download video subtitles: %s' % error_to_compat_str(err))
1403             return {}
1404
1405         sub_lang_list = {}
1406         for track in subs_doc.findall('track'):
1407             lang = track.attrib['lang_code']
1408             if lang in sub_lang_list:
1409                 continue
1410             sub_formats = []
1411             for ext in self._SUBTITLE_FORMATS:
1412                 params = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
1413                     'lang': lang,
1414                     'v': video_id,
1415                     'fmt': ext,
1416                     'name': track.attrib['name'].encode('utf-8'),
1417                 })
1418                 sub_formats.append({
1419                     'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/api/timedtext?' + params,
1420                     'ext': ext,
1421                 })
1422             sub_lang_list[lang] = sub_formats
1423         if not sub_lang_list:
1424             self._downloader.report_warning('video doesn\'t have subtitles')
1425             return {}
1426         return sub_lang_list
1427
1428     def _get_ytplayer_config(self, video_id, webpage):
1429         patterns = (
1430             # User data may contain arbitrary character sequences that may affect
1431             # JSON extraction with regex, e.g. when '};' is contained the second
1432             # regex won't capture the whole JSON. Yet working around by trying more
1433             # concrete regex first keeping in mind proper quoted string handling
1434             # to be implemented in future that will replace this workaround (see
1435             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7468,
1436             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/7599)
1437             r';ytplayer\.config\s*=\s*({.+?});ytplayer',
1438             r';ytplayer\.config\s*=\s*({.+?});',
1439         )
1440         config = self._search_regex(
1441             patterns, webpage, 'ytplayer.config', default=None)
1442         if config:
1443             return self._parse_json(
1444                 uppercase_escape(config), video_id, fatal=False)
1445
1446     def _get_automatic_captions(self, video_id, webpage):
1447         """We need the webpage for getting the captions url, pass it as an
1448            argument to speed up the process."""
1449         self.to_screen('%s: Looking for automatic captions' % video_id)
1450         player_config = self._get_ytplayer_config(video_id, webpage)
1451         err_msg = 'Couldn\'t find automatic captions for %s' % video_id
1452         if not player_config:
1453             self._downloader.report_warning(err_msg)
1454             return {}
1455         try:
1456             args = player_config['args']
1457             caption_url = args.get('ttsurl')
1458             if caption_url:
1459                 timestamp = args['timestamp']
1460                 # We get the available subtitles
1461                 list_params = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
1462                     'type': 'list',
1463                     'tlangs': 1,
1464                     'asrs': 1,
1465                 })
1466                 list_url = caption_url + '&' + list_params
1467                 caption_list = self._download_xml(list_url, video_id)
1468                 original_lang_node = caption_list.find('track')
1469                 if original_lang_node is None:
1470                     self._downloader.report_warning('Video doesn\'t have automatic captions')
1471                     return {}
1472                 original_lang = original_lang_node.attrib['lang_code']
1473                 caption_kind = original_lang_node.attrib.get('kind', '')
1474
1475                 sub_lang_list = {}
1476                 for lang_node in caption_list.findall('target'):
1477                     sub_lang = lang_node.attrib['lang_code']
1478                     sub_formats = []
1479                     for ext in self._SUBTITLE_FORMATS:
1480                         params = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
1481                             'lang': original_lang,
1482                             'tlang': sub_lang,
1483                             'fmt': ext,
1484                             'ts': timestamp,
1485                             'kind': caption_kind,
1486                         })
1487                         sub_formats.append({
1488                             'url': caption_url + '&' + params,
1489                             'ext': ext,
1490                         })
1491                     sub_lang_list[sub_lang] = sub_formats
1492                 return sub_lang_list
1493
1494             def make_captions(sub_url, sub_langs):
1495                 parsed_sub_url = compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(sub_url)
1496                 caption_qs = compat_parse_qs(parsed_sub_url.query)
1497                 captions = {}
1498                 for sub_lang in sub_langs:
1499                     sub_formats = []
1500                     for ext in self._SUBTITLE_FORMATS:
1501                         caption_qs.update({
1502                             'tlang': [sub_lang],
1503                             'fmt': [ext],
1504                         })
1505                         sub_url = compat_urlparse.urlunparse(parsed_sub_url._replace(
1506                             query=compat_urllib_parse_urlencode(caption_qs, True)))
1507                         sub_formats.append({
1508                             'url': sub_url,
1509                             'ext': ext,
1510                         })
1511                     captions[sub_lang] = sub_formats
1512                 return captions
1513
1514             # New captions format as of 22.06.2017
1515             player_response = args.get('player_response')
1516             if player_response and isinstance(player_response, compat_str):
1517                 player_response = self._parse_json(
1518                     player_response, video_id, fatal=False)
1519                 if player_response:
1520                     renderer = player_response['captions']['playerCaptionsTracklistRenderer']
1521                     base_url = renderer['captionTracks'][0]['baseUrl']
1522                     sub_lang_list = []
1523                     for lang in renderer['translationLanguages']:
1524                         lang_code = lang.get('languageCode')
1525                         if lang_code:
1526                             sub_lang_list.append(lang_code)
1527                     return make_captions(base_url, sub_lang_list)
1528
1529             # Some videos don't provide ttsurl but rather caption_tracks and
1530             # caption_translation_languages (e.g. 20LmZk1hakA)
1531             # Does not used anymore as of 22.06.2017
1532             caption_tracks = args['caption_tracks']
1533             caption_translation_languages = args['caption_translation_languages']
1534             caption_url = compat_parse_qs(caption_tracks.split(',')[0])['u'][0]
1535             sub_lang_list = []
1536             for lang in caption_translation_languages.split(','):
1537                 lang_qs = compat_parse_qs(compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(lang))
1538                 sub_lang = lang_qs.get('lc', [None])[0]
1539                 if sub_lang:
1540                     sub_lang_list.append(sub_lang)
1541             return make_captions(caption_url, sub_lang_list)
1542         # An extractor error can be raise by the download process if there are
1543         # no automatic captions but there are subtitles
1544         except (KeyError, IndexError, ExtractorError):
1545             self._downloader.report_warning(err_msg)
1546             return {}
1547
1548     def _mark_watched(self, video_id, video_info, player_response):
1549         playback_url = url_or_none(try_get(
1550             player_response,
1551             lambda x: x['playbackTracking']['videostatsPlaybackUrl']['baseUrl']) or try_get(
1552             video_info, lambda x: x['videostats_playback_base_url'][0]))
1553         if not playback_url:
1554             return
1555         parsed_playback_url = compat_urlparse.urlparse(playback_url)
1556         qs = compat_urlparse.parse_qs(parsed_playback_url.query)
1557
1558         # cpn generation algorithm is reverse engineered from base.js.
1559         # In fact it works even with dummy cpn.
1560         CPN_ALPHABET = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789-_'
1561         cpn = ''.join((CPN_ALPHABET[random.randint(0, 256) & 63] for _ in range(0, 16)))
1562
1563         qs.update({
1564             'ver': ['2'],
1565             'cpn': [cpn],
1566         })
1567         playback_url = compat_urlparse.urlunparse(
1568             parsed_playback_url._replace(query=compat_urllib_parse_urlencode(qs, True)))
1569
1570         self._download_webpage(
1571             playback_url, video_id, 'Marking watched',
1572             'Unable to mark watched', fatal=False)
1573
1574     @staticmethod
1575     def _extract_urls(webpage):
1576         # Embedded YouTube player
1577         entries = [
1578             unescapeHTML(mobj.group('url'))
1579             for mobj in re.finditer(r'''(?x)
1580             (?:
1581                 <iframe[^>]+?src=|
1582                 data-video-url=|
1583                 <embed[^>]+?src=|
1584                 embedSWF\(?:\s*|
1585                 <object[^>]+data=|
1586                 new\s+SWFObject\(
1587             )
1588             (["\'])
1589                 (?P<url>(?:https?:)?//(?:www\.)?youtube(?:-nocookie)?\.com/
1590                 (?:embed|v|p)/[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}.*?)
1591             \1''', webpage)]
1592
1593         # lazyYT YouTube embed
1594         entries.extend(list(map(
1595             unescapeHTML,
1596             re.findall(r'class="lazyYT" data-youtube-id="([^"]+)"', webpage))))
1597
1598         # Wordpress "YouTube Video Importer" plugin
1599         matches = re.findall(r'''(?x)<div[^>]+
1600             class=(?P<q1>[\'"])[^\'"]*\byvii_single_video_player\b[^\'"]*(?P=q1)[^>]+
1601             data-video_id=(?P<q2>[\'"])([^\'"]+)(?P=q2)''', webpage)
1602         entries.extend(m[-1] for m in matches)
1603
1604         return entries
1605
1606     @staticmethod
1607     def _extract_url(webpage):
1608         urls = YoutubeIE._extract_urls(webpage)
1609         return urls[0] if urls else None
1610
1611     @classmethod
1612     def extract_id(cls, url):
1613         mobj = re.match(cls._VALID_URL, url, re.VERBOSE)
1614         if mobj is None:
1615             raise ExtractorError('Invalid URL: %s' % url)
1616         video_id = mobj.group(2)
1617         return video_id
1618
1619     @staticmethod
1620     def _extract_chapters(description, duration):
1621         if not description:
1622             return None
1623         chapter_lines = re.findall(
1624             r'(?:^|<br\s*/>)([^<]*<a[^>]+onclick=["\']yt\.www\.watch\.player\.seekTo[^>]+>(\d{1,2}:\d{1,2}(?::\d{1,2})?)</a>[^>]*)(?=$|<br\s*/>)',
1625             description)
1626         if not chapter_lines:
1627             return None
1628         chapters = []
1629         for next_num, (chapter_line, time_point) in enumerate(
1630                 chapter_lines, start=1):
1631             start_time = parse_duration(time_point)
1632             if start_time is None:
1633                 continue
1634             if start_time > duration:
1635                 break
1636             end_time = (duration if next_num == len(chapter_lines)
1637                         else parse_duration(chapter_lines[next_num][1]))
1638             if end_time is None:
1639                 continue
1640             if end_time > duration:
1641                 end_time = duration
1642             if start_time > end_time:
1643                 break
1644             chapter_title = re.sub(
1645                 r'<a[^>]+>[^<]+</a>', '', chapter_line).strip(' \t-')
1646             chapter_title = re.sub(r'\s+', ' ', chapter_title)
1647             chapters.append({
1648                 'start_time': start_time,
1649                 'end_time': end_time,
1650                 'title': chapter_title,
1651             })
1652         return chapters
1653
1654     def _real_extract(self, url):
1655         url, smuggled_data = unsmuggle_url(url, {})
1656
1657         proto = (
1658             'http' if self._downloader.params.get('prefer_insecure', False)
1659             else 'https')
1660
1661         start_time = None
1662         end_time = None
1663         parsed_url = compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(url)
1664         for component in [parsed_url.fragment, parsed_url.query]:
1665             query = compat_parse_qs(component)
1666             if start_time is None and 't' in query:
1667                 start_time = parse_duration(query['t'][0])
1668             if start_time is None and 'start' in query:
1669                 start_time = parse_duration(query['start'][0])
1670             if end_time is None and 'end' in query:
1671                 end_time = parse_duration(query['end'][0])
1672
1673         # Extract original video URL from URL with redirection, like age verification, using next_url parameter
1674         mobj = re.search(self._NEXT_URL_RE, url)
1675         if mobj:
1676             url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/' + compat_urllib_parse_unquote(mobj.group(1)).lstrip('/')
1677         video_id = self.extract_id(url)
1678
1679         # Get video webpage
1680         url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s&gl=US&hl=en&has_verified=1&bpctr=9999999999' % video_id
1681         video_webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
1682
1683         # Attempt to extract SWF player URL
1684         mobj = re.search(r'swfConfig.*?"(https?:\\/\\/.*?watch.*?-.*?\.swf)"', video_webpage)
1685         if mobj is not None:
1686             player_url = re.sub(r'\\(.)', r'\1', mobj.group(1))
1687         else:
1688             player_url = None
1689
1690         dash_mpds = []
1691
1692         def add_dash_mpd(video_info):
1693             dash_mpd = video_info.get('dashmpd')
1694             if dash_mpd and dash_mpd[0] not in dash_mpds:
1695                 dash_mpds.append(dash_mpd[0])
1696
1697         def add_dash_mpd_pr(pl_response):
1698             dash_mpd = url_or_none(try_get(
1699                 pl_response, lambda x: x['streamingData']['dashManifestUrl'],
1700                 compat_str))
1701             if dash_mpd and dash_mpd not in dash_mpds:
1702                 dash_mpds.append(dash_mpd)
1703
1704         is_live = None
1705         view_count = None
1706
1707         def extract_view_count(v_info):
1708             return int_or_none(try_get(v_info, lambda x: x['view_count'][0]))
1709
1710         def extract_player_response(player_response, video_id):
1711             pl_response = str_or_none(player_response)
1712             if not pl_response:
1713                 return
1714             pl_response = self._parse_json(pl_response, video_id, fatal=False)
1715             if isinstance(pl_response, dict):
1716                 add_dash_mpd_pr(pl_response)
1717                 return pl_response
1718
1719         player_response = {}
1720
1721         # Get video info
1722         video_info = {}
1723         embed_webpage = None
1724         if re.search(r'player-age-gate-content">', video_webpage) is not None:
1725             age_gate = True
1726             # We simulate the access to the video from www.youtube.com/v/{video_id}
1727             # this can be viewed without login into Youtube
1728             url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/embed/%s' % video_id
1729             embed_webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id, 'Downloading embed webpage')
1730             data = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
1731                 'video_id': video_id,
1732                 'eurl': 'https://youtube.googleapis.com/v/' + video_id,
1733                 'sts': self._search_regex(
1734                     r'"sts"\s*:\s*(\d+)', embed_webpage, 'sts', default=''),
1735             })
1736             video_info_url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/get_video_info?' + data
1737             try:
1738                 video_info_webpage = self._download_webpage(
1739                     video_info_url, video_id,
1740                     note='Refetching age-gated info webpage',
1741                     errnote='unable to download video info webpage')
1742             except ExtractorError:
1743                 video_info_webpage = None
1744             if video_info_webpage:
1745                 video_info = compat_parse_qs(video_info_webpage)
1746                 pl_response = video_info.get('player_response', [None])[0]
1747                 player_response = extract_player_response(pl_response, video_id)
1748                 add_dash_mpd(video_info)
1749                 view_count = extract_view_count(video_info)
1750         else:
1751             age_gate = False
1752             # Try looking directly into the video webpage
1753             ytplayer_config = self._get_ytplayer_config(video_id, video_webpage)
1754             if ytplayer_config:
1755                 args = ytplayer_config['args']
1756                 if args.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map') or args.get('hlsvp'):
1757                     # Convert to the same format returned by compat_parse_qs
1758                     video_info = dict((k, [v]) for k, v in args.items())
1759                     add_dash_mpd(video_info)
1760                 # Rental video is not rented but preview is available (e.g.
1761                 # https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yYr8q0y5Jfg,
1762                 # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/10532)
1763                 if not video_info and args.get('ypc_vid'):
1764                     return self.url_result(
1765                         args['ypc_vid'], YoutubeIE.ie_key(), video_id=args['ypc_vid'])
1766                 if args.get('livestream') == '1' or args.get('live_playback') == 1:
1767                     is_live = True
1768                 if not player_response:
1769                     player_response = extract_player_response(args.get('player_response'), video_id)
1770             if not video_info or self._downloader.params.get('youtube_include_dash_manifest', True):
1771                 add_dash_mpd_pr(player_response)
1772
1773         def extract_unavailable_message():
1774             messages = []
1775             for tag, kind in (('h1', 'message'), ('div', 'submessage')):
1776                 msg = self._html_search_regex(
1777                     r'(?s)<{tag}[^>]+id=["\']unavailable-{kind}["\'][^>]*>(.+?)</{tag}>'.format(tag=tag, kind=kind),
1778                     video_webpage, 'unavailable %s' % kind, default=None)
1779                 if msg:
1780                     messages.append(msg)
1781             if messages:
1782                 return '\n'.join(messages)
1783
1784         if not video_info and not player_response:
1785             unavailable_message = extract_unavailable_message()
1786             if not unavailable_message:
1787                 unavailable_message = 'Unable to extract video data'
1788             raise ExtractorError(
1789                 'YouTube said: %s' % unavailable_message, expected=True, video_id=video_id)
1790
1791         if not isinstance(video_info, dict):
1792             video_info = {}
1793
1794         video_details = try_get(
1795             player_response, lambda x: x['videoDetails'], dict) or {}
1796
1797         video_title = video_info.get('title', [None])[0] or video_details.get('title')
1798         if not video_title:
1799             self._downloader.report_warning('Unable to extract video title')
1800             video_title = '_'
1801
1802         description_original = video_description = get_element_by_id("eow-description", video_webpage)
1803         if video_description:
1804
1805             def replace_url(m):
1806                 redir_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin(url, m.group(1))
1807                 parsed_redir_url = compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(redir_url)
1808                 if re.search(r'^(?:www\.)?(?:youtube(?:-nocookie)?\.com|youtu\.be)$', parsed_redir_url.netloc) and parsed_redir_url.path == '/redirect':
1809                     qs = compat_parse_qs(parsed_redir_url.query)
1810                     q = qs.get('q')
1811                     if q and q[0]:
1812                         return q[0]
1813                 return redir_url
1814
1815             description_original = video_description = re.sub(r'''(?x)
1816                 <a\s+
1817                     (?:[a-zA-Z-]+="[^"]*"\s+)*?
1818                     (?:title|href)="([^"]+)"\s+
1819                     (?:[a-zA-Z-]+="[^"]*"\s+)*?
1820                     class="[^"]*"[^>]*>
1821                 [^<]+\.{3}\s*
1822                 </a>
1823             ''', replace_url, video_description)
1824             video_description = clean_html(video_description)
1825         else:
1826             video_description = self._html_search_meta('description', video_webpage) or video_details.get('shortDescription')
1827
1828         if not smuggled_data.get('force_singlefeed', False):
1829             if not self._downloader.params.get('noplaylist'):
1830                 multifeed_metadata_list = try_get(
1831                     player_response,
1832                     lambda x: x['multicamera']['playerLegacyMulticameraRenderer']['metadataList'],
1833                     compat_str) or try_get(
1834                     video_info, lambda x: x['multifeed_metadata_list'][0], compat_str)
1835                 if multifeed_metadata_list:
1836                     entries = []
1837                     feed_ids = []
1838                     for feed in multifeed_metadata_list.split(','):
1839                         # Unquote should take place before split on comma (,) since textual
1840                         # fields may contain comma as well (see
1841                         # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8536)
1842                         feed_data = compat_parse_qs(compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(feed))
1843                         entries.append({
1844                             '_type': 'url_transparent',
1845                             'ie_key': 'Youtube',
1846                             'url': smuggle_url(
1847                                 '%s://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s' % (proto, feed_data['id'][0]),
1848                                 {'force_singlefeed': True}),
1849                             'title': '%s (%s)' % (video_title, feed_data['title'][0]),
1850                         })
1851                         feed_ids.append(feed_data['id'][0])
1852                     self.to_screen(
1853                         'Downloading multifeed video (%s) - add --no-playlist to just download video %s'
1854                         % (', '.join(feed_ids), video_id))
1855                     return self.playlist_result(entries, video_id, video_title, video_description)
1856             else:
1857                 self.to_screen('Downloading just video %s because of --no-playlist' % video_id)
1858
1859         if view_count is None:
1860             view_count = extract_view_count(video_info)
1861         if view_count is None and video_details:
1862             view_count = int_or_none(video_details.get('viewCount'))
1863
1864         if is_live is None:
1865             is_live = bool_or_none(video_details.get('isLive'))
1866
1867         # Check for "rental" videos
1868         if 'ypc_video_rental_bar_text' in video_info and 'author' not in video_info:
1869             raise ExtractorError('"rental" videos not supported. See https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/359 for more information.', expected=True)
1870
1871         def _extract_filesize(media_url):
1872             return int_or_none(self._search_regex(
1873                 r'\bclen[=/](\d+)', media_url, 'filesize', default=None))
1874
1875         streaming_formats = try_get(player_response, lambda x: x['streamingData']['formats'], list) or []
1876         streaming_formats.extend(try_get(player_response, lambda x: x['streamingData']['adaptiveFormats'], list) or [])
1877
1878         if 'conn' in video_info and video_info['conn'][0].startswith('rtmp'):
1879             self.report_rtmp_download()
1880             formats = [{
1881                 'format_id': '_rtmp',
1882                 'protocol': 'rtmp',
1883                 'url': video_info['conn'][0],
1884                 'player_url': player_url,
1885             }]
1886         elif not is_live and (streaming_formats or len(video_info.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map', [''])[0]) >= 1 or len(video_info.get('adaptive_fmts', [''])[0]) >= 1):
1887             encoded_url_map = video_info.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map', [''])[0] + ',' + video_info.get('adaptive_fmts', [''])[0]
1888             if 'rtmpe%3Dyes' in encoded_url_map:
1889                 raise ExtractorError('rtmpe downloads are not supported, see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/343 for more information.', expected=True)
1890             formats = []
1891             formats_spec = {}
1892             fmt_list = video_info.get('fmt_list', [''])[0]
1893             if fmt_list:
1894                 for fmt in fmt_list.split(','):
1895                     spec = fmt.split('/')
1896                     if len(spec) > 1:
1897                         width_height = spec[1].split('x')
1898                         if len(width_height) == 2:
1899                             formats_spec[spec[0]] = {
1900                                 'resolution': spec[1],
1901                                 'width': int_or_none(width_height[0]),
1902                                 'height': int_or_none(width_height[1]),
1903                             }
1904             for fmt in streaming_formats:
1905                 itag = str_or_none(fmt.get('itag'))
1906                 if not itag:
1907                     continue
1908                 quality = fmt.get('quality')
1909                 quality_label = fmt.get('qualityLabel') or quality
1910                 formats_spec[itag] = {
1911                     'asr': int_or_none(fmt.get('audioSampleRate')),
1912                     'filesize': int_or_none(fmt.get('contentLength')),
1913                     'format_note': quality_label,
1914                     'fps': int_or_none(fmt.get('fps')),
1915                     'height': int_or_none(fmt.get('height')),
1916                     # bitrate for itag 43 is always 2147483647
1917                     'tbr': float_or_none(fmt.get('averageBitrate') or fmt.get('bitrate'), 1000) if itag != '43' else None,
1918                     'width': int_or_none(fmt.get('width')),
1919                 }
1920
1921             for fmt in streaming_formats:
1922                 if fmt.get('drm_families'):
1923                     continue
1924                 url = url_or_none(fmt.get('url'))
1925
1926                 if not url:
1927                     cipher = fmt.get('cipher')
1928                     if not cipher:
1929                         continue
1930                     url_data = compat_parse_qs(cipher)
1931                     url = url_or_none(try_get(url_data, lambda x: x['url'][0], compat_str))
1932                     if not url:
1933                         continue
1934                 else:
1935                     cipher = None
1936                     url_data = compat_parse_qs(compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(url).query)
1937
1938                 stream_type = int_or_none(try_get(url_data, lambda x: x['stream_type'][0]))
1939                 # Unsupported FORMAT_STREAM_TYPE_OTF
1940                 if stream_type == 3:
1941                     continue
1942
1943                 format_id = fmt.get('itag') or url_data['itag'][0]
1944                 if not format_id:
1945                     continue
1946                 format_id = compat_str(format_id)
1947
1948                 if cipher:
1949                     if 's' in url_data or self._downloader.params.get('youtube_include_dash_manifest', True):
1950                         ASSETS_RE = r'"assets":.+?"js":\s*("[^"]+")'
1951                         jsplayer_url_json = self._search_regex(
1952                             ASSETS_RE,
1953                             embed_webpage if age_gate else video_webpage,
1954                             'JS player URL (1)', default=None)
1955                         if not jsplayer_url_json and not age_gate:
1956                             # We need the embed website after all
1957                             if embed_webpage is None:
1958                                 embed_url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/embed/%s' % video_id
1959                                 embed_webpage = self._download_webpage(
1960                                     embed_url, video_id, 'Downloading embed webpage')
1961                             jsplayer_url_json = self._search_regex(
1962                                 ASSETS_RE, embed_webpage, 'JS player URL')
1963
1964                         player_url = json.loads(jsplayer_url_json)
1965                         if player_url is None:
1966                             player_url_json = self._search_regex(
1967                                 r'ytplayer\.config.*?"url"\s*:\s*("[^"]+")',
1968                                 video_webpage, 'age gate player URL')
1969                             player_url = json.loads(player_url_json)
1970
1971                     if 'sig' in url_data:
1972                         url += '&signature=' + url_data['sig'][0]
1973                     elif 's' in url_data:
1974                         encrypted_sig = url_data['s'][0]
1975
1976                         if self._downloader.params.get('verbose'):
1977                             if player_url is None:
1978                                 player_version = 'unknown'
1979                                 player_desc = 'unknown'
1980                             else:
1981                                 if player_url.endswith('swf'):
1982                                     player_version = self._search_regex(
1983                                         r'-(.+?)(?:/watch_as3)?\.swf$', player_url,
1984                                         'flash player', fatal=False)
1985                                     player_desc = 'flash player %s' % player_version
1986                                 else:
1987                                     player_version = self._search_regex(
1988                                         [r'html5player-([^/]+?)(?:/html5player(?:-new)?)?\.js',
1989                                          r'(?:www|player(?:_ias)?)[-.]([^/]+)(?:/[a-z]{2,3}_[A-Z]{2})?/base\.js'],
1990                                         player_url,
1991                                         'html5 player', fatal=False)
1992                                     player_desc = 'html5 player %s' % player_version
1993
1994                             parts_sizes = self._signature_cache_id(encrypted_sig)
1995                             self.to_screen('{%s} signature length %s, %s' %
1996                                            (format_id, parts_sizes, player_desc))
1997
1998                         signature = self._decrypt_signature(
1999                             encrypted_sig, video_id, player_url, age_gate)
2000                         sp = try_get(url_data, lambda x: x['sp'][0], compat_str) or 'signature'
2001                         url += '&%s=%s' % (sp, signature)
2002                 if 'ratebypass' not in url:
2003                     url += '&ratebypass=yes'
2004
2005                 dct = {
2006                     'format_id': format_id,
2007                     'url': url,
2008                     'player_url': player_url,
2009                 }
2010                 if format_id in self._formats:
2011                     dct.update(self._formats[format_id])
2012                 if format_id in formats_spec:
2013                     dct.update(formats_spec[format_id])
2014
2015                 # Some itags are not included in DASH manifest thus corresponding formats will
2016                 # lack metadata (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/5993).
2017                 # Trying to extract metadata from url_encoded_fmt_stream_map entry.
2018                 mobj = re.search(r'^(?P<width>\d+)[xX](?P<height>\d+)$', url_data.get('size', [''])[0])
2019                 width, height = (int(mobj.group('width')), int(mobj.group('height'))) if mobj else (None, None)
2020
2021                 if width is None:
2022                     width = int_or_none(fmt.get('width'))
2023                 if height is None:
2024                     height = int_or_none(fmt.get('height'))
2025
2026                 filesize = int_or_none(url_data.get(
2027                     'clen', [None])[0]) or _extract_filesize(url)
2028
2029                 quality = url_data.get('quality', [None])[0] or fmt.get('quality')
2030                 quality_label = url_data.get('quality_label', [None])[0] or fmt.get('qualityLabel')
2031
2032                 tbr = (float_or_none(url_data.get('bitrate', [None])[0], 1000)
2033                        or float_or_none(fmt.get('bitrate'), 1000)) if format_id != '43' else None
2034                 fps = int_or_none(url_data.get('fps', [None])[0]) or int_or_none(fmt.get('fps'))
2035
2036                 more_fields = {
2037                     'filesize': filesize,
2038                     'tbr': tbr,
2039                     'width': width,
2040                     'height': height,
2041                     'fps': fps,
2042                     'format_note': quality_label or quality,
2043                 }
2044                 for key, value in more_fields.items():
2045                     if value:
2046                         dct[key] = value
2047                 type_ = url_data.get('type', [None])[0] or fmt.get('mimeType')
2048                 if type_:
2049                     type_split = type_.split(';')
2050                     kind_ext = type_split[0].split('/')
2051                     if len(kind_ext) == 2:
2052                         kind, _ = kind_ext
2053                         dct['ext'] = mimetype2ext(type_split[0])
2054                         if kind in ('audio', 'video'):
2055                             codecs = None
2056                             for mobj in re.finditer(
2057                                     r'(?P<key>[a-zA-Z_-]+)=(?P<quote>["\']?)(?P<val>.+?)(?P=quote)(?:;|$)', type_):
2058                                 if mobj.group('key') == 'codecs':
2059                                     codecs = mobj.group('val')
2060                                     break
2061                             if codecs:
2062                                 dct.update(parse_codecs(codecs))
2063                 if dct.get('acodec') == 'none' or dct.get('vcodec') == 'none':
2064                     dct['downloader_options'] = {
2065                         # Youtube throttles chunks >~10M
2066                         'http_chunk_size': 10485760,
2067                     }
2068                 formats.append(dct)
2069         else:
2070             manifest_url = (
2071                 url_or_none(try_get(
2072                     player_response,
2073                     lambda x: x['streamingData']['hlsManifestUrl'],
2074                     compat_str))
2075                 or url_or_none(try_get(
2076                     video_info, lambda x: x['hlsvp'][0], compat_str)))
2077             if manifest_url:
2078                 formats = []
2079                 m3u8_formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
2080                     manifest_url, video_id, 'mp4', fatal=False)
2081                 for a_format in m3u8_formats:
2082                     itag = self._search_regex(
2083                         r'/itag/(\d+)/', a_format['url'], 'itag', default=None)
2084                     if itag:
2085                         a_format['format_id'] = itag
2086                         if itag in self._formats:
2087                             dct = self._formats[itag].copy()
2088                             dct.update(a_format)
2089                             a_format = dct
2090                     a_format['player_url'] = player_url
2091                     # Accept-Encoding header causes failures in live streams on Youtube and Youtube Gaming
2092                     a_format.setdefault('http_headers', {})['Youtubedl-no-compression'] = 'True'
2093                     formats.append(a_format)
2094             else:
2095                 error_message = extract_unavailable_message()
2096                 if not error_message:
2097                     error_message = clean_html(try_get(
2098                         player_response, lambda x: x['playabilityStatus']['reason'],
2099                         compat_str))
2100                 if not error_message:
2101                     error_message = clean_html(
2102                         try_get(video_info, lambda x: x['reason'][0], compat_str))
2103                 if error_message:
2104                     raise ExtractorError(error_message, expected=True)
2105                 raise ExtractorError('no conn, hlsvp, hlsManifestUrl or url_encoded_fmt_stream_map information found in video info')
2106
2107         # uploader
2108         video_uploader = try_get(
2109             video_info, lambda x: x['author'][0],
2110             compat_str) or str_or_none(video_details.get('author'))
2111         if video_uploader:
2112             video_uploader = compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(video_uploader)
2113         else:
2114             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to extract uploader name')
2115
2116         # uploader_id
2117         video_uploader_id = None
2118         video_uploader_url = None
2119         mobj = re.search(
2120             r'<link itemprop="url" href="(?P<uploader_url>https?://www\.youtube\.com/(?:user|channel)/(?P<uploader_id>[^"]+))">',
2121             video_webpage)
2122         if mobj is not None:
2123             video_uploader_id = mobj.group('uploader_id')
2124             video_uploader_url = mobj.group('uploader_url')
2125         else:
2126             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to extract uploader nickname')
2127
2128         channel_id = (
2129             str_or_none(video_details.get('channelId'))
2130             or self._html_search_meta(
2131                 'channelId', video_webpage, 'channel id', default=None)
2132             or self._search_regex(
2133                 r'data-channel-external-id=(["\'])(?P<id>(?:(?!\1).)+)\1',
2134                 video_webpage, 'channel id', default=None, group='id'))
2135         channel_url = 'http://www.youtube.com/channel/%s' % channel_id if channel_id else None
2136
2137         # thumbnail image
2138         # We try first to get a high quality image:
2139         m_thumb = re.search(r'<span itemprop="thumbnail".*?href="(.*?)">',
2140                             video_webpage, re.DOTALL)
2141         if m_thumb is not None:
2142             video_thumbnail = m_thumb.group(1)
2143         elif 'thumbnail_url' not in video_info:
2144             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to extract video thumbnail')
2145             video_thumbnail = None
2146         else:   # don't panic if we can't find it
2147             video_thumbnail = compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(video_info['thumbnail_url'][0])
2148
2149         # upload date
2150         upload_date = self._html_search_meta(
2151             'datePublished', video_webpage, 'upload date', default=None)
2152         if not upload_date:
2153             upload_date = self._search_regex(
2154                 [r'(?s)id="eow-date.*?>(.*?)</span>',
2155                  r'(?:id="watch-uploader-info".*?>.*?|["\']simpleText["\']\s*:\s*["\'])(?:Published|Uploaded|Streamed live|Started) on (.+?)[<"\']'],
2156                 video_webpage, 'upload date', default=None)
2157         upload_date = unified_strdate(upload_date)
2158
2159         video_license = self._html_search_regex(
2160             r'<h4[^>]+class="title"[^>]*>\s*License\s*</h4>\s*<ul[^>]*>\s*<li>(.+?)</li',
2161             video_webpage, 'license', default=None)
2162
2163         m_music = re.search(
2164             r'''(?x)
2165                 <h4[^>]+class="title"[^>]*>\s*Music\s*</h4>\s*
2166                 <ul[^>]*>\s*
2167                 <li>(?P<title>.+?)
2168                 by (?P<creator>.+?)
2169                 (?:
2170                     \(.+?\)|
2171                     <a[^>]*
2172                         (?:
2173                             \bhref=["\']/red[^>]*>|             # drop possible
2174                             >\s*Listen ad-free with YouTube Red # YouTube Red ad
2175                         )
2176                     .*?
2177                 )?</li
2178             ''',
2179             video_webpage)
2180         if m_music:
2181             video_alt_title = remove_quotes(unescapeHTML(m_music.group('title')))
2182             video_creator = clean_html(m_music.group('creator'))
2183         else:
2184             video_alt_title = video_creator = None
2185
2186         def extract_meta(field):
2187             return self._html_search_regex(
2188                 r'<h4[^>]+class="title"[^>]*>\s*%s\s*</h4>\s*<ul[^>]*>\s*<li>(.+?)</li>\s*' % field,
2189                 video_webpage, field, default=None)
2190
2191         track = extract_meta('Song')
2192         artist = extract_meta('Artist')
2193         album = extract_meta('Album')
2194
2195         # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
2196         release_date = release_year = None
2197         if video_description:
2198             mobj = re.search(r'(?s)Provided to YouTube by [^\n]+\n+(?P<track>[^·]+)·(?P<artist>[^\n]+)\n+(?P<album>[^\n]+)(?:.+?℗\s*(?P<release_year>\d{4})(?!\d))?(?:.+?Released on\s*:\s*(?P<release_date>\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}))?(.+?\nArtist\s*:\s*(?P<clean_artist>[^\n]+))?', video_description)
2199             if mobj:
2200                 if not track:
2201                     track = mobj.group('track').strip()
2202                 if not artist:
2203                     artist = mobj.group('clean_artist') or ', '.join(a.strip() for a in mobj.group('artist').split('·'))
2204                 if not album:
2205                     album = mobj.group('album'.strip())
2206                 release_year = mobj.group('release_year')
2207                 release_date = mobj.group('release_date')
2208                 if release_date:
2209                     release_date = release_date.replace('-', '')
2210                     if not release_year:
2211                         release_year = int(release_date[:4])
2212                 if release_year:
2213                     release_year = int(release_year)
2214
2215         m_episode = re.search(
2216             r'<div[^>]+id="watch7-headline"[^>]*>\s*<span[^>]*>.*?>(?P<series>[^<]+)</a></b>\s*S(?P<season>\d+)\s*•\s*E(?P<episode>\d+)</span>',
2217             video_webpage)
2218         if m_episode:
2219             series = unescapeHTML(m_episode.group('series'))
2220             season_number = int(m_episode.group('season'))
2221             episode_number = int(m_episode.group('episode'))
2222         else:
2223             series = season_number = episode_number = None
2224
2225         m_cat_container = self._search_regex(
2226             r'(?s)<h4[^>]*>\s*Category\s*</h4>\s*<ul[^>]*>(.*?)</ul>',
2227             video_webpage, 'categories', default=None)
2228         if m_cat_container:
2229             category = self._html_search_regex(
2230                 r'(?s)<a[^<]+>(.*?)</a>', m_cat_container, 'category',
2231                 default=None)
2232             video_categories = None if category is None else [category]
2233         else:
2234             video_categories = None
2235
2236         video_tags = [
2237             unescapeHTML(m.group('content'))
2238             for m in re.finditer(self._meta_regex('og:video:tag'), video_webpage)]
2239
2240         def _extract_count(count_name):
2241             return str_to_int(self._search_regex(
2242                 r'-%s-button[^>]+><span[^>]+class="yt-uix-button-content"[^>]*>([\d,]+)</span>'
2243                 % re.escape(count_name),
2244                 video_webpage, count_name, default=None))
2245
2246         like_count = _extract_count('like')
2247         dislike_count = _extract_count('dislike')
2248
2249         if view_count is None:
2250             view_count = str_to_int(self._search_regex(
2251                 r'<[^>]+class=["\']watch-view-count[^>]+>\s*([\d,\s]+)', video_webpage,
2252                 'view count', default=None))
2253
2254         average_rating = (
2255             float_or_none(video_details.get('averageRating'))
2256             or try_get(video_info, lambda x: float_or_none(x['avg_rating'][0])))
2257
2258         # subtitles
2259         video_subtitles = self.extract_subtitles(video_id, video_webpage)
2260         automatic_captions = self.extract_automatic_captions(video_id, video_webpage)
2261
2262         video_duration = try_get(
2263             video_info, lambda x: int_or_none(x['length_seconds'][0]))
2264         if not video_duration:
2265             video_duration = int_or_none(video_details.get('lengthSeconds'))
2266         if not video_duration:
2267             video_duration = parse_duration(self._html_search_meta(
2268                 'duration', video_webpage, 'video duration'))
2269
2270         # annotations
2271         video_annotations = None
2272         if self._downloader.params.get('writeannotations', False):
2273             xsrf_token = self._search_regex(
2274                 r'([\'"])XSRF_TOKEN\1\s*:\s*([\'"])(?P<xsrf_token>[A-Za-z0-9+/=]+)\2',
2275                 video_webpage, 'xsrf token', group='xsrf_token', fatal=False)
2276             invideo_url = try_get(
2277                 player_response, lambda x: x['annotations'][0]['playerAnnotationsUrlsRenderer']['invideoUrl'], compat_str)
2278             if xsrf_token and invideo_url:
2279                 xsrf_field_name = self._search_regex(
2280                     r'([\'"])XSRF_FIELD_NAME\1\s*:\s*([\'"])(?P<xsrf_field_name>\w+)\2',
2281                     video_webpage, 'xsrf field name',
2282                     group='xsrf_field_name', default='session_token')
2283                 video_annotations = self._download_webpage(
2284                     self._proto_relative_url(invideo_url),
2285                     video_id, note='Downloading annotations',
2286                     errnote='Unable to download video annotations', fatal=False,
2287                     data=urlencode_postdata({xsrf_field_name: xsrf_token}))
2288
2289         chapters = self._extract_chapters(description_original, video_duration)
2290
2291         # Look for the DASH manifest
2292         if self._downloader.params.get('youtube_include_dash_manifest', True):
2293             dash_mpd_fatal = True
2294             for mpd_url in dash_mpds:
2295                 dash_formats = {}
2296                 try:
2297                     def decrypt_sig(mobj):
2298                         s = mobj.group(1)
2299                         dec_s = self._decrypt_signature(s, video_id, player_url, age_gate)
2300                         return '/signature/%s' % dec_s
2301
2302                     mpd_url = re.sub(r'/s/([a-fA-F0-9\.]+)', decrypt_sig, mpd_url)
2303
2304                     for df in self._extract_mpd_formats(
2305                             mpd_url, video_id, fatal=dash_mpd_fatal,
2306                             formats_dict=self._formats):
2307                         if not df.get('filesize'):
2308                             df['filesize'] = _extract_filesize(df['url'])
2309                         # Do not overwrite DASH format found in some previous DASH manifest
2310                         if df['format_id'] not in dash_formats:
2311                             dash_formats[df['format_id']] = df
2312                         # Additional DASH manifests may end up in HTTP Error 403 therefore
2313                         # allow them to fail without bug report message if we already have
2314                         # some DASH manifest succeeded. This is temporary workaround to reduce
2315                         # burst of bug reports until we figure out the reason and whether it
2316                         # can be fixed at all.
2317                         dash_mpd_fatal = False
2318                 except (ExtractorError, KeyError) as e:
2319                     self.report_warning(
2320                         'Skipping DASH manifest: %r' % e, video_id)
2321                 if dash_formats:
2322                     # Remove the formats we found through non-DASH, they
2323                     # contain less info and it can be wrong, because we use
2324                     # fixed values (for example the resolution). See
2325                     # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/5774 for an
2326                     # example.
2327                     formats = [f for f in formats if f['format_id'] not in dash_formats.keys()]
2328                     formats.extend(dash_formats.values())
2329
2330         # Check for malformed aspect ratio
2331         stretched_m = re.search(
2332             r'<meta\s+property="og:video:tag".*?content="yt:stretch=(?P<w>[0-9]+):(?P<h>[0-9]+)">',
2333             video_webpage)
2334         if stretched_m:
2335             w = float(stretched_m.group('w'))
2336             h = float(stretched_m.group('h'))
2337             # yt:stretch may hold invalid ratio data (e.g. for Q39EVAstoRM ratio is 17:0).
2338             # We will only process correct ratios.
2339             if w > 0 and h > 0:
2340                 ratio = w / h
2341                 for f in formats:
2342                     if f.get('vcodec') != 'none':
2343                         f['stretched_ratio'] = ratio
2344
2345         if not formats:
2346             if 'reason' in video_info:
2347                 if 'The uploader has not made this video available in your country.' in video_info['reason']:
2348                     regions_allowed = self._html_search_meta(
2349                         'regionsAllowed', video_webpage, default=None)
2350                     countries = regions_allowed.split(',') if regions_allowed else None
2351                     self.raise_geo_restricted(
2352                         msg=video_info['reason'][0], countries=countries)
2353                 reason = video_info['reason'][0]
2354                 if 'Invalid parameters' in reason:
2355                     unavailable_message = extract_unavailable_message()
2356                     if unavailable_message:
2357                         reason = unavailable_message
2358                 raise ExtractorError(
2359                     'YouTube said: %s' % reason,
2360                     expected=True, video_id=video_id)
2361             if video_info.get('license_info') or try_get(player_response, lambda x: x['streamingData']['licenseInfos']):
2362                 raise ExtractorError('This video is DRM protected.', expected=True)
2363
2364         self._sort_formats(formats)
2365
2366         self.mark_watched(video_id, video_info, player_response)
2367
2368         return {
2369             'id': video_id,
2370             'uploader': video_uploader,
2371             'uploader_id': video_uploader_id,
2372             'uploader_url': video_uploader_url,
2373             'channel_id': channel_id,
2374             'channel_url': channel_url,
2375             'upload_date': upload_date,
2376             'license': video_license,
2377             'creator': video_creator or artist,
2378             'title': video_title,
2379             'alt_title': video_alt_title or track,
2380             'thumbnail': video_thumbnail,
2381             'description': video_description,
2382             'categories': video_categories,
2383             'tags': video_tags,
2384             'subtitles': video_subtitles,
2385             'automatic_captions': automatic_captions,
2386             'duration': video_duration,
2387             'age_limit': 18 if age_gate else 0,
2388             'annotations': video_annotations,
2389             'chapters': chapters,
2390             'webpage_url': proto + '://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s' % video_id,
2391             'view_count': view_count,
2392             'like_count': like_count,
2393             'dislike_count': dislike_count,
2394             'average_rating': average_rating,
2395             'formats': formats,
2396             'is_live': is_live,
2397             'start_time': start_time,
2398             'end_time': end_time,
2399             'series': series,
2400             'season_number': season_number,
2401             'episode_number': episode_number,
2402             'track': track,
2403             'artist': artist,
2404             'album': album,
2405             'release_date': release_date,
2406             'release_year': release_year,
2407         }
2408
2409
2410 class YoutubePlaylistIE(YoutubePlaylistBaseInfoExtractor):
2411     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com playlists'
2412     _VALID_URL = r"""(?x)(?:
2413                         (?:https?://)?
2414                         (?:\w+\.)?
2415                         (?:
2416                             (?:
2417                                 youtube(?:kids)?\.com|
2418                                 invidio\.us
2419                             )
2420                             /
2421                             (?:
2422                                (?:course|view_play_list|my_playlists|artist|playlist|watch|embed/(?:videoseries|[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}))
2423                                \? (?:.*?[&;])*? (?:p|a|list)=
2424                             |  p/
2425                             )|
2426                             youtu\.be/[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}\?.*?\blist=
2427                         )
2428                         (
2429                             (?:PL|LL|EC|UU|FL|RD|UL|TL|PU|OLAK5uy_)?[0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,}
2430                             # Top tracks, they can also include dots
2431                             |(?:MC)[\w\.]*
2432                         )
2433                         .*
2434                      |
2435                         (%(playlist_id)s)
2436                      )""" % {'playlist_id': YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._PLAYLIST_ID_RE}
2437     _TEMPLATE_URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=%s'
2438     _VIDEO_RE_TPL = r'href="\s*/watch\?v=%s(?:&amp;(?:[^"]*?index=(?P<index>\d+))?(?:[^>]+>(?P<title>[^<]+))?)?'
2439     _VIDEO_RE = _VIDEO_RE_TPL % r'(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})'
2440     IE_NAME = 'youtube:playlist'
2441     _TESTS = [{
2442         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL4lCao7KL_QFVb7Iudeipvc2BCavECqzc',
2443         'info_dict': {
2444             'uploader_id': 'UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
2445             'uploader': 'Sergey M.',
2446             'id': 'PL4lCao7KL_QFVb7Iudeipvc2BCavECqzc',
2447             'title': 'youtube-dl public playlist',
2448         },
2449         'playlist_count': 1,
2450     }, {
2451         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL4lCao7KL_QFodcLWhDpGCYnngnHtQ-Xf',
2452         'info_dict': {
2453             'uploader_id': 'UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
2454             'uploader': 'Sergey M.',
2455             'id': 'PL4lCao7KL_QFodcLWhDpGCYnngnHtQ-Xf',
2456             'title': 'youtube-dl empty playlist',
2457         },
2458         'playlist_count': 0,
2459     }, {
2460         'note': 'Playlist with deleted videos (#651). As a bonus, the video #51 is also twice in this list.',
2461         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwP_SiAcdui0KVebT0mU9Apz359a4ubsC',
2462         'info_dict': {
2463             'title': '29C3: Not my department',
2464             'id': 'PLwP_SiAcdui0KVebT0mU9Apz359a4ubsC',
2465             'uploader': 'Christiaan008',
2466             'uploader_id': 'ChRiStIaAn008',
2467         },
2468         'playlist_count': 96,
2469     }, {
2470         'note': 'issue #673',
2471         'url': 'PLBB231211A4F62143',
2472         'info_dict': {
2473             'title': '[OLD]Team Fortress 2 (Class-based LP)',
2474             'id': 'PLBB231211A4F62143',
2475             'uploader': 'Wickydoo',
2476             'uploader_id': 'Wickydoo',
2477         },
2478         'playlist_mincount': 26,
2479     }, {
2480         'note': 'Large playlist',
2481         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUBABnxM4Ar9ten8Mdjj1j0Q',
2482         'info_dict': {
2483             'title': 'Uploads from Cauchemar',
2484             'id': 'UUBABnxM4Ar9ten8Mdjj1j0Q',
2485             'uploader': 'Cauchemar',
2486             'uploader_id': 'Cauchemar89',
2487         },
2488         'playlist_mincount': 799,
2489     }, {
2490         'url': 'PLtPgu7CB4gbY9oDN3drwC3cMbJggS7dKl',
2491         'info_dict': {
2492             'title': 'YDL_safe_search',
2493             'id': 'PLtPgu7CB4gbY9oDN3drwC3cMbJggS7dKl',
2494         },
2495         'playlist_count': 2,
2496         'skip': 'This playlist is private',
2497     }, {
2498         'note': 'embedded',
2499         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/embed/videoseries?list=PL6IaIsEjSbf96XFRuNccS_RuEXwNdsoEu',
2500         'playlist_count': 4,
2501         'info_dict': {
2502             'title': 'JODA15',
2503             'id': 'PL6IaIsEjSbf96XFRuNccS_RuEXwNdsoEu',
2504             'uploader': 'milan',
2505             'uploader_id': 'UCEI1-PVPcYXjB73Hfelbmaw',
2506         }
2507     }, {
2508         'url': 'http://www.youtube.com/embed/_xDOZElKyNU?list=PLsyOSbh5bs16vubvKePAQ1x3PhKavfBIl',
2509         'playlist_mincount': 485,
2510         'info_dict': {
2511             'title': '2018 Chinese New Singles (11/6 updated)',
2512             'id': 'PLsyOSbh5bs16vubvKePAQ1x3PhKavfBIl',
2513             'uploader': 'LBK',
2514             'uploader_id': 'sdragonfang',
2515         }
2516     }, {
2517         'note': 'Embedded SWF player',
2518         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/p/YN5VISEtHet5D4NEvfTd0zcgFk84NqFZ?hl=en_US&fs=1&rel=0',
2519         'playlist_count': 4,
2520         'info_dict': {
2521             'title': 'JODA7',
2522             'id': 'YN5VISEtHet5D4NEvfTd0zcgFk84NqFZ',
2523         },
2524         'skip': 'This playlist does not exist',
2525     }, {
2526         'note': 'Buggy playlist: the webpage has a "Load more" button but it doesn\'t have more videos',
2527         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUXw-G3eDE9trcvY2sBMM_aA',
2528         'info_dict': {
2529             'title': 'Uploads from Interstellar Movie',
2530             'id': 'UUXw-G3eDE9trcvY2sBMM_aA',
2531             'uploader': 'Interstellar Movie',
2532             'uploader_id': 'InterstellarMovie1',
2533         },
2534         'playlist_mincount': 21,
2535     }, {
2536         # Playlist URL that does not actually serve a playlist
2537         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqZTN594JQw&list=PLMYEtVRpaqY00V9W81Cwmzp6N6vZqfUKD4',
2538         'info_dict': {
2539             'id': 'FqZTN594JQw',
2540             'ext': 'webm',
2541             'title': "Smiley's People 01 detective, Adventure Series, Action",
2542             'uploader': 'STREEM',
2543             'uploader_id': 'UCyPhqAZgwYWZfxElWVbVJng',
2544             'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCyPhqAZgwYWZfxElWVbVJng',
2545             'upload_date': '20150526',
2546             'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
2547             'description': 'md5:507cdcb5a49ac0da37a920ece610be80',
2548             'categories': ['People & Blogs'],
2549             'tags': list,
2550             'view_count': int,
2551             'like_count': int,
2552             'dislike_count': int,
2553         },
2554         'params': {
2555             'skip_download': True,
2556         },
2557         'skip': 'This video is not available.',
2558         'add_ie': [YoutubeIE.ie_key()],
2559     }, {
2560         'url': 'https://youtu.be/yeWKywCrFtk?list=PL2qgrgXsNUG5ig9cat4ohreBjYLAPC0J5',
2561         'info_dict': {
2562             'id': 'yeWKywCrFtk',
2563             'ext': 'mp4',
2564             'title': 'Small Scale Baler and Braiding Rugs',
2565             'uploader': 'Backus-Page House Museum',
2566             'uploader_id': 'backuspagemuseum',
2567             'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/backuspagemuseum',
2568             'upload_date': '20161008',
2569             'description': 'md5:800c0c78d5eb128500bffd4f0b4f2e8a',
2570             'categories': ['Nonprofits & Activism'],
2571             'tags': list,
2572             'like_count': int,
2573             'dislike_count': int,
2574         },
2575         'params': {
2576             'noplaylist': True,
2577             'skip_download': True,
2578         },
2579     }, {
2580         # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/21844
2581         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzH6n4zXuckpfMu_4Ff8E7Z1behQks5ba',
2582         'info_dict': {
2583             'title': 'Data Analysis with Dr Mike Pound',
2584             'id': 'PLzH6n4zXuckpfMu_4Ff8E7Z1behQks5ba',
2585             'uploader_id': 'Computerphile',
2586             'uploader': 'Computerphile',
2587         },
2588         'playlist_mincount': 11,
2589     }, {
2590         'url': 'https://youtu.be/uWyaPkt-VOI?list=PL9D9FC436B881BA21',
2591         'only_matching': True,
2592     }, {
2593         'url': 'TLGGrESM50VT6acwMjAyMjAxNw',
2594         'only_matching': True,
2595     }, {
2596         # music album playlist
2597         'url': 'OLAK5uy_m4xAFdmMC5rX3Ji3g93pQe3hqLZw_9LhM',
2598         'only_matching': True,
2599     }, {
2600         'url': 'https://invidio.us/playlist?list=PLDIoUOhQQPlXr63I_vwF9GD8sAKh77dWU',
2601         'only_matching': True,
2602     }, {
2603         'url': 'https://www.youtubekids.com/watch?v=Agk7R8I8o5U&list=PUZ6jURNr1WQZCNHF0ao-c0g',
2604         'only_matching': True,
2605     }]
2606
2607     def _real_initialize(self):
2608         self._login()
2609
2610     def extract_videos_from_page(self, page):
2611         ids_in_page = []
2612         titles_in_page = []
2613
2614         for item in re.findall(
2615                 r'(<[^>]*\bdata-video-id\s*=\s*["\'][0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}[^>]+>)', page):
2616             attrs = extract_attributes(item)
2617             video_id = attrs['data-video-id']
2618             video_title = unescapeHTML(attrs.get('data-title'))
2619             if video_title:
2620                 video_title = video_title.strip()
2621             ids_in_page.append(video_id)
2622             titles_in_page.append(video_title)
2623
2624         # Fallback with old _VIDEO_RE
2625         self.extract_videos_from_page_impl(
2626             self._VIDEO_RE, page, ids_in_page, titles_in_page)
2627
2628         # Relaxed fallbacks
2629         self.extract_videos_from_page_impl(
2630             r'href="\s*/watch\?v\s*=\s*(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})', page,
2631             ids_in_page, titles_in_page)
2632         self.extract_videos_from_page_impl(
2633             r'data-video-ids\s*=\s*["\'](?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})', page,
2634             ids_in_page, titles_in_page)
2635
2636         return zip(ids_in_page, titles_in_page)
2637
2638     def _extract_mix(self, playlist_id):
2639         # The mixes are generated from a single video
2640         # the id of the playlist is just 'RD' + video_id
2641         ids = []
2642         last_id = playlist_id[-11:]
2643         for n in itertools.count(1):
2644             url = 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=%s&list=%s' % (last_id, playlist_id)
2645             webpage = self._download_webpage(
2646                 url, playlist_id, 'Downloading page {0} of Youtube mix'.format(n))
2647             new_ids = orderedSet(re.findall(
2648                 r'''(?xs)data-video-username=".*?".*?
2649                            href="/watch\?v=([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})&amp;[^"]*?list=%s''' % re.escape(playlist_id),
2650                 webpage))
2651             # Fetch new pages until all the videos are repeated, it seems that
2652             # there are always 51 unique videos.
2653             new_ids = [_id for _id in new_ids if _id not in ids]
2654             if not new_ids:
2655                 break
2656             ids.extend(new_ids)
2657             last_id = ids[-1]
2658
2659         url_results = self._ids_to_results(ids)
2660
2661         search_title = lambda class_name: get_element_by_attribute('class', class_name, webpage)
2662         title_span = (
2663             search_title('playlist-title')
2664             or search_title('title long-title')
2665             or search_title('title'))
2666         title = clean_html(title_span)
2667
2668         return self.playlist_result(url_results, playlist_id, title)
2669
2670     def _extract_playlist(self, playlist_id):
2671         url = self._TEMPLATE_URL % playlist_id
2672         page = self._download_webpage(url, playlist_id)
2673
2674         # the yt-alert-message now has tabindex attribute (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/11604)
2675         for match in re.findall(r'<div class="yt-alert-message"[^>]*>([^<]+)</div>', page):
2676             match = match.strip()
2677             # Check if the playlist exists or is private
2678             mobj = re.match(r'[^<]*(?:The|This) playlist (?P<reason>does not exist|is private)[^<]*', match)
2679             if mobj:
2680                 reason = mobj.group('reason')
2681                 message = 'This playlist %s' % reason
2682                 if 'private' in reason:
2683                     message += ', use --username or --netrc to access it'
2684                 message += '.'
2685                 raise ExtractorError(message, expected=True)
2686             elif re.match(r'[^<]*Invalid parameters[^<]*', match):
2687                 raise ExtractorError(
2688                     'Invalid parameters. Maybe URL is incorrect.',
2689                     expected=True)
2690             elif re.match(r'[^<]*Choose your language[^<]*', match):
2691                 continue
2692             else:
2693                 self.report_warning('Youtube gives an alert message: ' + match)
2694
2695         playlist_title = self._html_search_regex(
2696             r'(?s)<h1 class="pl-header-title[^"]*"[^>]*>\s*(.*?)\s*</h1>',
2697             page, 'title', default=None)
2698
2699         _UPLOADER_BASE = r'class=["\']pl-header-details[^>]+>\s*<li>\s*<a[^>]+\bhref='
2700         uploader = self._html_search_regex(
2701             r'%s["\']/(?:user|channel)/[^>]+>([^<]+)' % _UPLOADER_BASE,
2702             page, 'uploader', default=None)
2703         mobj = re.search(
2704             r'%s(["\'])(?P<path>/(?:user|channel)/(?P<uploader_id>.+?))\1' % _UPLOADER_BASE,
2705             page)
2706         if mobj:
2707             uploader_id = mobj.group('uploader_id')
2708             uploader_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin(url, mobj.group('path'))
2709         else:
2710             uploader_id = uploader_url = None
2711
2712         has_videos = True
2713
2714         if not playlist_title:
2715             try:
2716                 # Some playlist URLs don't actually serve a playlist (e.g.
2717                 # https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqZTN594JQw&list=PLMYEtVRpaqY00V9W81Cwmzp6N6vZqfUKD4)
2718                 next(self._entries(page, playlist_id))
2719             except StopIteration:
2720                 has_videos = False
2721
2722         playlist = self.playlist_result(
2723             self._entries(page, playlist_id), playlist_id, playlist_title)
2724         playlist.update({
2725             'uploader': uploader,
2726             'uploader_id': uploader_id,
2727             'uploader_url': uploader_url,
2728         })
2729
2730         return has_videos, playlist
2731
2732     def _check_download_just_video(self, url, playlist_id):
2733         # Check if it's a video-specific URL
2734         query_dict = compat_urlparse.parse_qs(compat_urlparse.urlparse(url).query)
2735         video_id = query_dict.get('v', [None])[0] or self._search_regex(
2736             r'(?:(?:^|//)youtu\.be/|youtube\.com/embed/(?!videoseries))([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})', url,
2737             'video id', default=None)
2738         if video_id:
2739             if self._downloader.params.get('noplaylist'):
2740                 self.to_screen('Downloading just video %s because of --no-playlist' % video_id)
2741                 return video_id, self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id)
2742             else:
2743                 self.to_screen('Downloading playlist %s - add --no-playlist to just download video %s' % (playlist_id, video_id))
2744                 return video_id, None
2745         return None, None
2746
2747     def _real_extract(self, url):
2748         # Extract playlist id
2749         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
2750         if mobj is None:
2751             raise ExtractorError('Invalid URL: %s' % url)
2752         playlist_id = mobj.group(1) or mobj.group(2)
2753
2754         video_id, video = self._check_download_just_video(url, playlist_id)
2755         if video:
2756             return video
2757
2758         if playlist_id.startswith(('RD', 'UL', 'PU')):
2759             # Mixes require a custom extraction process
2760             return self._extract_mix(playlist_id)
2761
2762         has_videos, playlist = self._extract_playlist(playlist_id)
2763         if has_videos or not video_id:
2764             return playlist
2765
2766         # Some playlist URLs don't actually serve a playlist (see
2767         # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/10537).
2768         # Fallback to plain video extraction if there is a video id
2769         # along with playlist id.
2770         return self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id)
2771
2772
2773 class YoutubeChannelIE(YoutubePlaylistBaseInfoExtractor):
2774     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com channels'
2775     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:youtu\.be|(?:\w+\.)?youtube(?:-nocookie|kids)?\.com|(?:www\.)?invidio\.us)/channel/(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]+)'
2776     _TEMPLATE_URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/%s/videos'
2777     _VIDEO_RE = r'(?:title="(?P<title>[^"]+)"[^>]+)?href="/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]+)&?'
2778     IE_NAME = 'youtube:channel'
2779     _TESTS = [{
2780         'note': 'paginated channel',
2781         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
2782         'playlist_mincount': 91,
2783         'info_dict': {
2784             'id': 'UUKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
2785             'title': 'Uploads from lex will',
2786             'uploader': 'lex will',
2787             'uploader_id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
2788         }
2789     }, {
2790         'note': 'Age restricted channel',
2791         # from https://www.youtube.com/user/DeusExOfficial
2792         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCs0ifCMCm1icqRbqhUINa0w',
2793         'playlist_mincount': 64,
2794         'info_dict': {
2795             'id': 'UUs0ifCMCm1icqRbqhUINa0w',
2796             'title': 'Uploads from Deus Ex',
2797             'uploader': 'Deus Ex',
2798             'uploader_id': 'DeusExOfficial',
2799         },
2800     }, {
2801         'url': 'https://invidio.us/channel/UC23qupoDRn9YOAVzeoxjOQA',
2802         'only_matching': True,
2803     }, {
2804         'url': 'https://www.youtubekids.com/channel/UCyu8StPfZWapR6rfW_JgqcA',
2805         'only_matching': True,
2806     }]
2807
2808     @classmethod
2809     def suitable(cls, url):
2810         return (False if YoutubePlaylistsIE.suitable(url) or YoutubeLiveIE.suitable(url)
2811                 else super(YoutubeChannelIE, cls).suitable(url))
2812
2813     def _build_template_url(self, url, channel_id):
2814         return self._TEMPLATE_URL % channel_id
2815
2816     def _real_extract(self, url):
2817         channel_id = self._match_id(url)
2818
2819         url = self._build_template_url(url, channel_id)
2820
2821         # Channel by page listing is restricted to 35 pages of 30 items, i.e. 1050 videos total (see #5778)
2822         # Workaround by extracting as a playlist if managed to obtain channel playlist URL
2823         # otherwise fallback on channel by page extraction
2824         channel_page = self._download_webpage(
2825             url + '?view=57', channel_id,
2826             'Downloading channel page', fatal=False)
2827         if channel_page is False:
2828             channel_playlist_id = False
2829         else:
2830             channel_playlist_id = self._html_search_meta(
2831                 'channelId', channel_page, 'channel id', default=None)
2832             if not channel_playlist_id:
2833                 channel_url = self._html_search_meta(
2834                     ('al:ios:url', 'twitter:app:url:iphone', 'twitter:app:url:ipad'),
2835                     channel_page, 'channel url', default=None)
2836                 if channel_url:
2837                     channel_playlist_id = self._search_regex(
2838                         r'vnd\.youtube://user/([0-9A-Za-z_-]+)',
2839                         channel_url, 'channel id', default=None)
2840         if channel_playlist_id and channel_playlist_id.startswith('UC'):
2841             playlist_id = 'UU' + channel_playlist_id[2:]
2842             return self.url_result(
2843                 compat_urlparse.urljoin(url, '/playlist?list=%s' % playlist_id), 'YoutubePlaylist')
2844
2845         channel_page = self._download_webpage(url, channel_id, 'Downloading page #1')
2846         autogenerated = re.search(r'''(?x)
2847                 class="[^"]*?(?:
2848                     channel-header-autogenerated-label|
2849                     yt-channel-title-autogenerated
2850                 )[^"]*"''', channel_page) is not None
2851
2852         if autogenerated:
2853             # The videos are contained in a single page
2854             # the ajax pages can't be used, they are empty
2855             entries = [
2856                 self.url_result(
2857                     video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id,
2858                     video_title=video_title)
2859                 for video_id, video_title in self.extract_videos_from_page(channel_page)]
2860             return self.playlist_result(entries, channel_id)
2861
2862         try:
2863             next(self._entries(channel_page, channel_id))
2864         except StopIteration:
2865             alert_message = self._html_search_regex(
2866                 r'(?s)<div[^>]+class=(["\']).*?\byt-alert-message\b.*?\1[^>]*>(?P<alert>[^<]+)</div>',
2867                 channel_page, 'alert', default=None, group='alert')
2868             if alert_message:
2869                 raise ExtractorError('Youtube said: %s' % alert_message, expected=True)
2870
2871         return self.playlist_result(self._entries(channel_page, channel_id), channel_id)
2872
2873
2874 class YoutubeUserIE(YoutubeChannelIE):
2875     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com user videos (URL or "ytuser" keyword)'
2876     _VALID_URL = r'(?:(?:https?://(?:\w+\.)?youtube\.com/(?:(?P<user>user|c)/)?(?!(?:attribution_link|watch|results|shared)(?:$|[^a-z_A-Z0-9-])))|ytuser:)(?!feed/)(?P<id>[A-Za-z0-9_-]+)'
2877     _TEMPLATE_URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/%s/%s/videos'
2878     IE_NAME = 'youtube:user'
2879
2880     _TESTS = [{
2881         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/TheLinuxFoundation',
2882         'playlist_mincount': 320,
2883         'info_dict': {
2884             'id': 'UUfX55Sx5hEFjoC3cNs6mCUQ',
2885             'title': 'Uploads from The Linux Foundation',
2886             'uploader': 'The Linux Foundation',
2887             'uploader_id': 'TheLinuxFoundation',
2888         }
2889     }, {
2890         # Only available via https://www.youtube.com/c/12minuteathlete/videos
2891         # but not https://www.youtube.com/user/12minuteathlete/videos
2892         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/12minuteathlete/videos',
2893         'playlist_mincount': 249,
2894         'info_dict': {
2895             'id': 'UUVjM-zV6_opMDx7WYxnjZiQ',
2896             'title': 'Uploads from 12 Minute Athlete',
2897             'uploader': '12 Minute Athlete',
2898             'uploader_id': 'the12minuteathlete',
2899         }
2900     }, {
2901         'url': 'ytuser:phihag',
2902         'only_matching': True,
2903     }, {
2904         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/gametrailers',
2905         'only_matching': True,
2906     }, {
2907         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/gametrailers',
2908         'only_matching': True,
2909     }, {
2910         # This channel is not available, geo restricted to JP
2911         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/kananishinoSMEJ/videos',
2912         'only_matching': True,
2913     }]
2914
2915     @classmethod
2916     def suitable(cls, url):
2917         # Don't return True if the url can be extracted with other youtube
2918         # extractor, the regex would is too permissive and it would match.
2919         other_yt_ies = iter(klass for (name, klass) in globals().items() if name.startswith('Youtube') and name.endswith('IE') and klass is not cls)
2920         if any(ie.suitable(url) for ie in other_yt_ies):
2921             return False
2922         else:
2923             return super(YoutubeUserIE, cls).suitable(url)
2924
2925     def _build_template_url(self, url, channel_id):
2926         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
2927         return self._TEMPLATE_URL % (mobj.group('user') or 'user', mobj.group('id'))
2928
2929
2930 class YoutubeLiveIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
2931     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com live streams'
2932     _VALID_URL = r'(?P<base_url>https?://(?:\w+\.)?youtube\.com/(?:(?:user|channel|c)/)?(?P<id>[^/]+))/live'
2933     IE_NAME = 'youtube:live'
2934
2935     _TESTS = [{
2936         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/TheYoungTurks/live',
2937         'info_dict': {
2938             'id': 'a48o2S1cPoo',
2939             'ext': 'mp4',
2940             'title': 'The Young Turks - Live Main Show',
2941             'uploader': 'The Young Turks',
2942             'uploader_id': 'TheYoungTurks',
2943             'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/TheYoungTurks',
2944             'upload_date': '20150715',
2945             'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
2946             'description': 'md5:438179573adcdff3c97ebb1ee632b891',
2947             'categories': ['News & Politics'],
2948             'tags': ['Cenk Uygur (TV Program Creator)', 'The Young Turks (Award-Winning Work)', 'Talk Show (TV Genre)'],
2949             'like_count': int,
2950             'dislike_count': int,
2951         },
2952         'params': {
2953             'skip_download': True,
2954         },
2955     }, {
2956         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1yBKRuGpC1tSM73A0ZjYjQ/live',
2957         'only_matching': True,
2958     }, {
2959         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/CommanderVideoHq/live',
2960         'only_matching': True,
2961     }, {
2962         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/TheYoungTurks/live',
2963         'only_matching': True,
2964     }]
2965
2966     def _real_extract(self, url):
2967         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
2968         channel_id = mobj.group('id')
2969         base_url = mobj.group('base_url')
2970         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, channel_id, fatal=False)
2971         if webpage:
2972             page_type = self._og_search_property(
2973                 'type', webpage, 'page type', default='')
2974             video_id = self._html_search_meta(
2975                 'videoId', webpage, 'video id', default=None)
2976             if page_type.startswith('video') and video_id and re.match(
2977                     r'^[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}$', video_id):
2978                 return self.url_result(video_id, YoutubeIE.ie_key())
2979         return self.url_result(base_url)
2980
2981
2982 class YoutubePlaylistsIE(YoutubePlaylistsBaseInfoExtractor):
2983     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com user/channel playlists'
2984     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:\w+\.)?youtube\.com/(?:user|channel)/(?P<id>[^/]+)/playlists'
2985     IE_NAME = 'youtube:playlists'
2986
2987     _TESTS = [{
2988         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/ThirstForScience/playlists',
2989         'playlist_mincount': 4,
2990         'info_dict': {
2991             'id': 'ThirstForScience',
2992             'title': 'ThirstForScience',
2993         },
2994     }, {
2995         # with "Load more" button
2996         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/igorkle1/playlists?view=1&sort=dd',
2997         'playlist_mincount': 70,
2998         'info_dict': {
2999             'id': 'igorkle1',
3000             'title': 'Игорь Клейнер',
3001         },
3002     }, {
3003         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCiU1dHvZObB2iP6xkJ__Icw/playlists',
3004         'playlist_mincount': 17,
3005         'info_dict': {
3006             'id': 'UCiU1dHvZObB2iP6xkJ__Icw',
3007             'title': 'Chem Player',
3008         },
3009         'skip': 'Blocked',
3010     }]
3011
3012
3013 class YoutubeSearchBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubePlaylistBaseInfoExtractor):
3014     _VIDEO_RE = r'href="\s*/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})(?:[^"]*"[^>]+\btitle="(?P<title>[^"]+))?'
3015
3016
3017 class YoutubeSearchIE(SearchInfoExtractor, YoutubeSearchBaseInfoExtractor):
3018     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com searches'
3019     # there doesn't appear to be a real limit, for example if you search for
3020     # 'python' you get more than 8.000.000 results
3021     _MAX_RESULTS = float('inf')
3022     IE_NAME = 'youtube:search'
3023     _SEARCH_KEY = 'ytsearch'
3024     _EXTRA_QUERY_ARGS = {}
3025     _TESTS = []
3026
3027     def _get_n_results(self, query, n):
3028         """Get a specified number of results for a query"""
3029
3030         videos = []
3031         limit = n
3032
3033         url_query = {
3034             'search_query': query.encode('utf-8'),
3035         }
3036         url_query.update(self._EXTRA_QUERY_ARGS)
3037         result_url = 'https://www.youtube.com/results?' + compat_urllib_parse_urlencode(url_query)
3038
3039         for pagenum in itertools.count(1):
3040             data = self._download_json(
3041                 result_url, video_id='query "%s"' % query,
3042                 note='Downloading page %s' % pagenum,
3043                 errnote='Unable to download API page',
3044                 query={'spf': 'navigate'})
3045             html_content = data[1]['body']['content']
3046
3047             if 'class="search-message' in html_content:
3048                 raise ExtractorError(
3049                     '[youtube] No video results', expected=True)
3050
3051             new_videos = list(self._process_page(html_content))
3052             videos += new_videos
3053             if not new_videos or len(videos) > limit:
3054                 break
3055             next_link = self._html_search_regex(
3056                 r'href="(/results\?[^"]*\bsp=[^"]+)"[^>]*>\s*<span[^>]+class="[^"]*\byt-uix-button-content\b[^"]*"[^>]*>Next',
3057                 html_content, 'next link', default=None)
3058             if next_link is None:
3059                 break
3060             result_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin('https://www.youtube.com/', next_link)
3061
3062         if len(videos) > n:
3063             videos = videos[:n]
3064         return self.playlist_result(videos, query)
3065
3066
3067 class YoutubeSearchDateIE(YoutubeSearchIE):
3068     IE_NAME = YoutubeSearchIE.IE_NAME + ':date'
3069     _SEARCH_KEY = 'ytsearchdate'
3070     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com searches, newest videos first'
3071     _EXTRA_QUERY_ARGS = {'search_sort': 'video_date_uploaded'}
3072
3073
3074 class YoutubeSearchURLIE(YoutubeSearchBaseInfoExtractor):
3075     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com search URLs'
3076     IE_NAME = 'youtube:search_url'
3077     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/results\?(.*?&)?(?:search_query|q)=(?P<query>[^&]+)(?:[&]|$)'
3078     _TESTS = [{
3079         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/results?baz=bar&search_query=youtube-dl+test+video&filters=video&lclk=video',
3080         'playlist_mincount': 5,
3081         'info_dict': {
3082             'title': 'youtube-dl test video',
3083         }
3084     }, {
3085         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/results?q=test&sp=EgQIBBgB',
3086         'only_matching': True,
3087     }]
3088
3089     def _real_extract(self, url):
3090         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
3091         query = compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(mobj.group('query'))
3092         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, query)
3093         return self.playlist_result(self._process_page(webpage), playlist_title=query)
3094
3095
3096 class YoutubeShowIE(YoutubePlaylistsBaseInfoExtractor):
3097     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com (multi-season) shows'
3098     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/show/(?P<id>[^?#]*)'
3099     IE_NAME = 'youtube:show'
3100     _TESTS = [{
3101         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/show/airdisasters',
3102         'playlist_mincount': 5,
3103         'info_dict': {
3104             'id': 'airdisasters',
3105             'title': 'Air Disasters',
3106         }
3107     }]
3108
3109     def _real_extract(self, url):
3110         playlist_id = self._match_id(url)
3111         return super(YoutubeShowIE, self)._real_extract(
3112             'https://www.youtube.com/show/%s/playlists' % playlist_id)
3113
3114
3115 class YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
3116     """
3117     Base class for feed extractors
3118     Subclasses must define the _FEED_NAME and _PLAYLIST_TITLE properties.
3119     """
3120     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = True
3121
3122     @property
3123     def IE_NAME(self):
3124         return 'youtube:%s' % self._FEED_NAME
3125
3126     def _real_initialize(self):
3127         self._login()
3128
3129     def _entries(self, page):
3130         # The extraction process is the same as for playlists, but the regex
3131         # for the video ids doesn't contain an index
3132         ids = []
3133         more_widget_html = content_html = page
3134         for page_num in itertools.count(1):
3135             matches = re.findall(r'href="\s*/watch\?v=([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})', content_html)
3136
3137             # 'recommended' feed has infinite 'load more' and each new portion spins
3138             # the same videos in (sometimes) slightly different order, so we'll check
3139             # for unicity and break when portion has no new videos
3140             new_ids = list(filter(lambda video_id: video_id not in ids, orderedSet(matches)))
3141             if not new_ids:
3142                 break
3143
3144             ids.extend(new_ids)
3145
3146             for entry in self._ids_to_results(new_ids):
3147                 yield entry
3148
3149             mobj = re.search(r'data-uix-load-more-href="/?(?P<more>[^"]+)"', more_widget_html)
3150             if not mobj:
3151                 break
3152
3153             more = self._download_json(
3154                 'https://youtube.com/%s' % mobj.group('more'), self._PLAYLIST_TITLE,
3155                 'Downloading page #%s' % page_num,
3156                 transform_source=uppercase_escape)
3157             content_html = more['content_html']
3158             more_widget_html = more['load_more_widget_html']
3159
3160     def _real_extract(self, url):
3161         page = self._download_webpage(
3162             'https://www.youtube.com/feed/%s' % self._FEED_NAME,
3163             self._PLAYLIST_TITLE)
3164         return self.playlist_result(
3165             self._entries(page), playlist_title=self._PLAYLIST_TITLE)
3166
3167
3168 class YoutubeWatchLaterIE(YoutubePlaylistIE):
3169     IE_NAME = 'youtube:watchlater'
3170     IE_DESC = 'Youtube watch later list, ":ytwatchlater" for short (requires authentication)'
3171     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/(?:feed/watch_later|(?:playlist|watch)\?(?:.+&)?list=WL)|:ytwatchlater'
3172
3173     _TESTS = [{
3174         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=WL',
3175         'only_matching': True,
3176     }, {
3177         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bCNU9TrbiRk&index=1&list=WL',
3178         'only_matching': True,
3179     }]
3180
3181     def _real_extract(self, url):
3182         _, video = self._check_download_just_video(url, 'WL')
3183         if video:
3184             return video
3185         _, playlist = self._extract_playlist('WL')
3186         return playlist
3187
3188
3189 class YoutubeFavouritesIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
3190     IE_NAME = 'youtube:favorites'
3191     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com favourite videos, ":ytfav" for short (requires authentication)'
3192     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/my_favorites|:ytfav(?:ou?rites)?'
3193     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = True
3194
3195     def _real_extract(self, url):
3196         webpage = self._download_webpage('https://www.youtube.com/my_favorites', 'Youtube Favourites videos')
3197         playlist_id = self._search_regex(r'list=(.+?)["&]', webpage, 'favourites playlist id')
3198         return self.url_result(playlist_id, 'YoutubePlaylist')
3199
3200
3201 class YoutubeRecommendedIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
3202     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com recommended videos, ":ytrec" for short (requires authentication)'
3203     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/feed/recommended|:ytrec(?:ommended)?'
3204     _FEED_NAME = 'recommended'
3205     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = 'Youtube Recommended videos'
3206
3207
3208 class YoutubeSubscriptionsIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
3209     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com subscriptions feed, "ytsubs" keyword (requires authentication)'
3210     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/feed/subscriptions|:ytsubs(?:criptions)?'
3211     _FEED_NAME = 'subscriptions'
3212     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = 'Youtube Subscriptions'
3213
3214
3215 class YoutubeHistoryIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
3216     IE_DESC = 'Youtube watch history, ":ythistory" for short (requires authentication)'
3217     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/feed/history|:ythistory'
3218     _FEED_NAME = 'history'
3219     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = 'Youtube History'
3220
3221
3222 class YoutubeTruncatedURLIE(InfoExtractor):
3223     IE_NAME = 'youtube:truncated_url'
3224     IE_DESC = False  # Do not list
3225     _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
3226         (?:https?://)?
3227         (?:\w+\.)?[yY][oO][uU][tT][uU][bB][eE](?:-nocookie)?\.com/
3228         (?:watch\?(?:
3229             feature=[a-z_]+|
3230             annotation_id=annotation_[^&]+|
3231             x-yt-cl=[0-9]+|
3232             hl=[^&]*|
3233             t=[0-9]+
3234         )?
3235         |
3236             attribution_link\?a=[^&]+
3237         )
3238         $
3239     '''
3240
3241     _TESTS = [{
3242         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?annotation_id=annotation_3951667041',
3243         'only_matching': True,
3244     }, {
3245         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?',
3246         'only_matching': True,
3247     }, {
3248         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?x-yt-cl=84503534',
3249         'only_matching': True,
3250     }, {
3251         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=foo',
3252         'only_matching': True,
3253     }, {
3254         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?hl=en-GB',
3255         'only_matching': True,
3256     }, {
3257         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=2372',
3258         'only_matching': True,
3259     }]
3260
3261     def _real_extract(self, url):
3262         raise ExtractorError(
3263             'Did you forget to quote the URL? Remember that & is a meta '
3264             'character in most shells, so you want to put the URL in quotes, '
3265             'like  youtube-dl '
3266             '"https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=foo&v=BaW_jenozKc" '
3267             ' or simply  youtube-dl BaW_jenozKc  .',
3268             expected=True)
3269
3270
3271 class YoutubeTruncatedIDIE(InfoExtractor):
3272     IE_NAME = 'youtube:truncated_id'
3273     IE_DESC = False  # Do not list
3274     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{1,10})$'
3275
3276     _TESTS = [{
3277         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N_708QY7Ob',
3278         'only_matching': True,
3279     }]
3280
3281     def _real_extract(self, url):
3282         video_id = self._match_id(url)
3283         raise ExtractorError(
3284             'Incomplete YouTube ID %s. URL %s looks truncated.' % (video_id, url),
3285             expected=True)