_ Git - youtube-dl/blob - youtube_dl/extractor/youtube.py

   1 # coding: utf-8
   2
   3 from __future__ import unicode_literals
   4
   5
   6 import itertools
   7 import json
   8 import os.path
   9 import random
  10 import re
  11 import time
  12 import traceback
  13
  14 from .common import InfoExtractor, SearchInfoExtractor
  15 from ..jsinterp import JSInterpreter
  16 from ..swfinterp import SWFInterpreter
  17 from ..compat import (
  18     compat_chr,
  19     compat_HTTPError,
  20     compat_kwargs,
  21     compat_parse_qs,
  22     compat_urllib_parse_unquote,
  23     compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus,
  24     compat_urllib_parse_urlencode,
  25     compat_urllib_parse_urlparse,
  26     compat_urlparse,
  27     compat_str,
  28 )
  29 from ..utils import (
  30     bool_or_none,
  31     clean_html,
  32     dict_get,
  33     error_to_compat_str,
  34     extract_attributes,
  35     ExtractorError,
  36     float_or_none,
  37     get_element_by_attribute,
  38     get_element_by_id,
  39     int_or_none,
  40     mimetype2ext,
  41     orderedSet,
  42     parse_codecs,
  43     parse_duration,
  44     qualities,
  45     remove_quotes,
  46     remove_start,
  47     smuggle_url,
  48     str_or_none,
  49     str_to_int,
  50     try_get,
  51     unescapeHTML,
  52     unified_strdate,
  53     unsmuggle_url,
  54     uppercase_escape,
  55     url_or_none,
  56     urlencode_postdata,
  57 )
  58
  59
  60 class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
  61     """Provide base functions for Youtube extractors"""
  62     _LOGIN_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin'
  63     _TWOFACTOR_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/signin/challenge'
  64
  65     _LOOKUP_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/sl/lookup'
  66     _CHALLENGE_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/sl/challenge'
  67     _TFA_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/challenge?hl=en&TL={0}'
  68
  69     _NETRC_MACHINE = 'youtube'
  70     # If True it will raise an error if no login info is provided
  71     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = False
  72
  73     _PLAYLIST_ID_RE = r'(?:PL|LL|EC|UU|FL|RD|UL|TL|OLAK5uy_)[0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,}'
  74
  75     def _set_language(self):
  76         self._set_cookie(
  77             '.youtube.com', 'PREF', 'f1=50000000&hl=en',
  78             # YouTube sets the expire time to about two months
  79             expire_time=time.time() + 2 * 30 * 24 * 3600)
  80
  81     def _ids_to_results(self, ids):
  82         return [
  83             self.url_result(vid_id, 'Youtube', video_id=vid_id)
  84             for vid_id in ids]
  85
  86     def _login(self):
  87         """
  88         Attempt to log in to YouTube.
  89         True is returned if successful or skipped.
  90         False is returned if login failed.
  91
  92         If _LOGIN_REQUIRED is set and no authentication was provided, an error is raised.
  93         """
  94         username, password = self._get_login_info()
  95         # No authentication to be performed
  96         if username is None:
  97             if self._LOGIN_REQUIRED and self._downloader.params.get('cookiefile') is None:
  98                 raise ExtractorError('No login info available, needed for using %s.' % self.IE_NAME, expected=True)
  99             return True
 100
 101         login_page = self._download_webpage(
 102             self._LOGIN_URL, None,
 103             note='Downloading login page',
 104             errnote='unable to fetch login page', fatal=False)
 105         if login_page is False:
 106             return
 107
 108         login_form = self._hidden_inputs(login_page)
 109
 110         def req(url, f_req, note, errnote):
 111             data = login_form.copy()
 112             data.update({
 113                 'pstMsg': 1,
 114                 'checkConnection': 'youtube',
 115                 'checkedDomains': 'youtube',
 116                 'hl': 'en',
 117                 'deviceinfo': '[null,null,null,[],null,"US",null,null,[],"GlifWebSignIn",null,[null,null,[]]]',
 118                 'f.req': json.dumps(f_req),
 119                 'flowName': 'GlifWebSignIn',
 120                 'flowEntry': 'ServiceLogin',
 121                 # TODO: reverse actual botguard identifier generation algo
 122                 'bgRequest': '["identifier",""]',
 123             })
 124             return self._download_json(
 125                 url, None, note=note, errnote=errnote,
 126                 transform_source=lambda s: re.sub(r'^[^[]*', '', s),
 127                 fatal=False,
 128                 data=urlencode_postdata(data), headers={
 129                     'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8',
 130                     'Google-Accounts-XSRF': 1,
 131                 })
 132
 133         def warn(message):
 134             self._downloader.report_warning(message)
 135
 136         lookup_req = [
 137             username,
 138             None, [], None, 'US', None, None, 2, False, True,
 139             [
 140                 None, None,
 141                 [2, 1, None, 1,
 142                  'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?passive=true&continue=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fsignin%3Fnext%3D%252F%26action_handle_signin%3Dtrue%26hl%3Den%26app%3Ddesktop%26feature%3Dsign_in_button&hl=en&service=youtube&uilel=3&requestPath=%2FServiceLogin&Page=PasswordSeparationSignIn',
 143                  None, [], 4],
 144                 1, [None, None, []], None, None, None, True
 145             ],
 146             username,
 147         ]
 148
 149         lookup_results = req(
 150             self._LOOKUP_URL, lookup_req,
 151             'Looking up account info', 'Unable to look up account info')
 152
 153         if lookup_results is False:
 154             return False
 155
 156         user_hash = try_get(lookup_results, lambda x: x[0][2], compat_str)
 157         if not user_hash:
 158             warn('Unable to extract user hash')
 159             return False
 160
 161         challenge_req = [
 162             user_hash,
 163             None, 1, None, [1, None, None, None, [password, None, True]],
 164             [
 165                 None, None, [2, 1, None, 1, 'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?passive=true&continue=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fsignin%3Fnext%3D%252F%26action_handle_signin%3Dtrue%26hl%3Den%26app%3Ddesktop%26feature%3Dsign_in_button&hl=en&service=youtube&uilel=3&requestPath=%2FServiceLogin&Page=PasswordSeparationSignIn', None, [], 4],
 166                 1, [None, None, []], None, None, None, True
 167             ]]
 168
 169         challenge_results = req(
 170             self._CHALLENGE_URL, challenge_req,
 171             'Logging in', 'Unable to log in')
 172
 173         if challenge_results is False:
 174             return
 175
 176         login_res = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[0][5], list)
 177         if login_res:
 178             login_msg = try_get(login_res, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
 179             warn(
 180                 'Unable to login: %s' % 'Invalid password'
 181                 if login_msg == 'INCORRECT_ANSWER_ENTERED' else login_msg)
 182             return False
 183
 184         res = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[0][-1], list)
 185         if not res:
 186             warn('Unable to extract result entry')
 187             return False
 188
 189         login_challenge = try_get(res, lambda x: x[0][0], list)
 190         if login_challenge:
 191             challenge_str = try_get(login_challenge, lambda x: x[2], compat_str)
 192             if challenge_str == 'TWO_STEP_VERIFICATION':
 193                 # SEND_SUCCESS - TFA code has been successfully sent to phone
 194                 # QUOTA_EXCEEDED - reached the limit of TFA codes
 195                 status = try_get(login_challenge, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
 196                 if status == 'QUOTA_EXCEEDED':
 197                     warn('Exceeded the limit of TFA codes, try later')
 198                     return False
 199
 200                 tl = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[1][2], compat_str)
 201                 if not tl:
 202                     warn('Unable to extract TL')
 203                     return False
 204
 205                 tfa_code = self._get_tfa_info('2-step verification code')
 206
 207                 if not tfa_code:
 208                     warn(
 209                         'Two-factor authentication required. Provide it either interactively or with --twofactor <code>'
 210                         '(Note that only TOTP (Google Authenticator App) codes work at this time.)')
 211                     return False
 212
 213                 tfa_code = remove_start(tfa_code, 'G-')
 214
 215                 tfa_req = [
 216                     user_hash, None, 2, None,
 217                     [
 218                         9, None, None, None, None, None, None, None,
 219                         [None, tfa_code, True, 2]
 220                     ]]
 221
 222                 tfa_results = req(
 223                     self._TFA_URL.format(tl), tfa_req,
 224                     'Submitting TFA code', 'Unable to submit TFA code')
 225
 226                 if tfa_results is False:
 227                     return False
 228
 229                 tfa_res = try_get(tfa_results, lambda x: x[0][5], list)
 230                 if tfa_res:
 231                     tfa_msg = try_get(tfa_res, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
 232                     warn(
 233                         'Unable to finish TFA: %s' % 'Invalid TFA code'
 234                         if tfa_msg == 'INCORRECT_ANSWER_ENTERED' else tfa_msg)
 235                     return False
 236
 237                 check_cookie_url = try_get(
 238                     tfa_results, lambda x: x[0][-1][2], compat_str)
 239             else:
 240                 CHALLENGES = {
 241                     'LOGIN_CHALLENGE': "This device isn't recognized. For your security, Google wants to make sure it's really you.",
 242                     'USERNAME_RECOVERY': 'Please provide additional information to aid in the recovery process.',
 243                     'REAUTH': "There is something unusual about your activity. For your security, Google wants to make sure it's really you.",
 244                 }
 245                 challenge = CHALLENGES.get(
 246                     challenge_str,
 247                     '%s returned error %s.' % (self.IE_NAME, challenge_str))
 248                 warn('%s\nGo to https://accounts.google.com/, login and solve a challenge.' % challenge)
 249                 return False
 250         else:
 251             check_cookie_url = try_get(res, lambda x: x[2], compat_str)
 252
 253         if not check_cookie_url:
 254             warn('Unable to extract CheckCookie URL')
 255             return False
 256
 257         check_cookie_results = self._download_webpage(
 258             check_cookie_url, None, 'Checking cookie', fatal=False)
 259
 260         if check_cookie_results is False:
 261             return False
 262
 263         if 'https://myaccount.google.com/' not in check_cookie_results:
 264             warn('Unable to log in')
 265             return False
 266
 267         return True
 268
 269     def _download_webpage_handle(self, *args, **kwargs):
 270         query = kwargs.get('query', {}).copy()
 271         query['disable_polymer'] = 'true'
 272         kwargs['query'] = query
 273         return super(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, self)._download_webpage_handle(
 274             *args, **compat_kwargs(kwargs))
 275
 276     def _real_initialize(self):
 277         if self._downloader is None:
 278             return
 279         self._set_language()
 280         if not self._login():
 281             return
 282
 283
 284 class YoutubeEntryListBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
 285     # Extract entries from page with "Load more" button
 286     def _entries(self, page, playlist_id):
 287         more_widget_html = content_html = page
 288         for page_num in itertools.count(1):
 289             for entry in self._process_page(content_html):
 290                 yield entry
 291
 292             mobj = re.search(r'data-uix-load-more-href="/?(?P<more>[^"]+)"', more_widget_html)
 293             if not mobj:
 294                 break
 295
 296             count = 0
 297             retries = 3
 298             while count <= retries:
 299                 try:
 300                     # Downloading page may result in intermittent 5xx HTTP error
 301                     # that is usually worked around with a retry
 302                     more = self._download_json(
 303                         'https://youtube.com/%s' % mobj.group('more'), playlist_id,
 304                         'Downloading page #%s%s'
 305                         % (page_num, ' (retry #%d)' % count if count else ''),
 306                         transform_source=uppercase_escape)
 307                     break
 308                 except ExtractorError as e:
 309                     if isinstance(e.cause, compat_HTTPError) and e.cause.code in (500, 503):
 310                         count += 1
 311                         if count <= retries:
 312                             continue
 313                     raise
 314
 315             content_html = more['content_html']
 316             if not content_html.strip():
 317                 # Some webpages show a "Load more" button but they don't
 318                 # have more videos
 319                 break
 320             more_widget_html = more['load_more_widget_html']
 321
 322
 323 class YoutubePlaylistBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeEntryListBaseInfoExtractor):
 324     def _process_page(self, content):
 325         for video_id, video_title in self.extract_videos_from_page(content):
 326             yield self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id, video_title)
 327
 328     def extract_videos_from_page_impl(self, video_re, page, ids_in_page, titles_in_page):
 329         for mobj in re.finditer(video_re, page):
 330             # The link with index 0 is not the first video of the playlist (not sure if still actual)
 331             if 'index' in mobj.groupdict() and mobj.group('id') == '0':
 332                 continue
 333             video_id = mobj.group('id')
 334             video_title = unescapeHTML(
 335                 mobj.group('title')) if 'title' in mobj.groupdict() else None
 336             if video_title:
 337                 video_title = video_title.strip()
 338             if video_title == '► Play all':
 339                 video_title = None
 340             try:
 341                 idx = ids_in_page.index(video_id)
 342                 if video_title and not titles_in_page[idx]:
 343                     titles_in_page[idx] = video_title
 344             except ValueError:
 345                 ids_in_page.append(video_id)
 346                 titles_in_page.append(video_title)
 347
 348     def extract_videos_from_page(self, page):
 349         ids_in_page = []
 350         titles_in_page = []
 351         self.extract_videos_from_page_impl(
 352             self._VIDEO_RE, page, ids_in_page, titles_in_page)
 353         return zip(ids_in_page, titles_in_page)
 354
 355
 356 class YoutubePlaylistsBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeEntryListBaseInfoExtractor):
 357     def _process_page(self, content):
 358         for playlist_id in orderedSet(re.findall(
 359                 r'<h3[^>]+class="[^"]*yt-lockup-title[^"]*"[^>]*><a[^>]+href="/?playlist\?list=([0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,})"',
 360                 content)):
 361             yield self.url_result(
 362                 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=%s' % playlist_id, 'YoutubePlaylist')
 363
 364     def _real_extract(self, url):
 365         playlist_id = self._match_id(url)
 366         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, playlist_id)
 367         title = self._og_search_title(webpage, fatal=False)
 368         return self.playlist_result(self._entries(webpage, playlist_id), playlist_id, title)
 369
 370
 371 class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
 372     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com'
 373     _VALID_URL = r"""(?x)^
 374                      (
 375                          (?:https?://|//)                                    # http(s):// or protocol-independent URL
 376                          (?:(?:(?:(?:\w+\.)?[yY][oO][uU][tT][uU][bB][eE](?:-nocookie)?\.com/|
 377                             (?:www\.)?deturl\.com/www\.youtube\.com/|
 378                             (?:www\.)?pwnyoutube\.com/|
 379                             (?:www\.)?hooktube\.com/|
 380                             (?:www\.)?yourepeat\.com/|
 381                             tube\.majestyc\.net/|
 382                             # Invidious instances taken from https://github.com/omarroth/invidious/wiki/Invidious-Instances
 383                             (?:(?:www|dev)\.)?invidio\.us/|
 384                             (?:(?:www|no)\.)?invidiou\.sh/|
 385                             (?:(?:www|fi|de)\.)?invidious\.snopyta\.org/|
 386                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.kabi\.tk/|
 387                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.enkirton\.net/|
 388                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.13ad\.de/|
 389                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.mastodon\.host/|
 390                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.nixnet\.xyz/|
 391                             (?:www\.)?tube\.poal\.co/|
 392                             (?:www\.)?vid\.wxzm\.sx/|
 393                             (?:www\.)?yt\.elukerio\.org/|
 394                             (?:www\.)?kgg2m7yk5aybusll\.onion/|
 395                             (?:www\.)?qklhadlycap4cnod\.onion/|
 396                             (?:www\.)?axqzx4s6s54s32yentfqojs3x5i7faxza6xo3ehd4bzzsg2ii4fv2iid\.onion/|
 397                             (?:www\.)?c7hqkpkpemu6e7emz5b4vyz7idjgdvgaaa3dyimmeojqbgpea3xqjoid\.onion/|
 398                             (?:www\.)?fz253lmuao3strwbfbmx46yu7acac2jz27iwtorgmbqlkurlclmancad\.onion/|
 399                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.l4qlywnpwqsluw65ts7md3khrivpirse744un3x7mlskqauz5pyuzgqd\.onion/|
 400                             youtube\.googleapis\.com/)                        # the various hostnames, with wildcard subdomains
 401                          (?:.*?\#/)?                                          # handle anchor (#/) redirect urls
 402                          (?:                                                  # the various things that can precede the ID:
 403                              (?:(?:v|embed|e)/(?!videoseries))                # v/ or embed/ or e/
 404                              |(?:                                             # or the v= param in all its forms
 405                                  (?:(?:watch|movie)(?:_popup)?(?:\.php)?/?)?  # preceding watch(_popup|.php) or nothing (like /?v=xxxx)
 406                                  (?:\?|\#!?)                                  # the params delimiter ? or # or #!
 407                                  (?:.*?[&;])??                                # any other preceding param (like /?s=tuff&v=xxxx or ?s=tuff&amp;v=V36LpHqtcDY)
 408                                  v=
 409                              )
 410                          ))
 411                          |(?:
 412                             youtu\.be|                                        # just youtu.be/xxxx
 413                             vid\.plus|                                        # or vid.plus/xxxx
 414                             zwearz\.com/watch|                                # or zwearz.com/watch/xxxx
 415                          )/
 416                          |(?:www\.)?cleanvideosearch\.com/media/action/yt/watch\?videoId=
 417                          )
 418                      )?                                                       # all until now is optional -> you can pass the naked ID
 419                      ([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})                                      # here is it! the YouTube video ID
 420                      (?!.*?\blist=
 421                         (?:
 422                             %(playlist_id)s|                                  # combined list/video URLs are handled by the playlist IE
 423                             WL                                                # WL are handled by the watch later IE
 424                         )
 425                      )
 426                      (?(1).+)?                                                # if we found the ID, everything can follow
 427                      $""" % {'playlist_id': YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._PLAYLIST_ID_RE}
 428     _NEXT_URL_RE = r'[\?&]next_url=([^&]+)'
 429     _formats = {
 430         '5': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 400, 'height': 240, 'acodec': 'mp3', 'abr': 64, 'vcodec': 'h263'},
 431         '6': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 450, 'height': 270, 'acodec': 'mp3', 'abr': 64, 'vcodec': 'h263'},
 432         '13': {'ext': '3gp', 'acodec': 'aac', 'vcodec': 'mp4v'},
 433         '17': {'ext': '3gp', 'width': 176, 'height': 144, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 24, 'vcodec': 'mp4v'},
 434         '18': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 640, 'height': 360, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 96, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 435         '22': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 1280, 'height': 720, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 436         '34': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 640, 'height': 360, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 437         '35': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 438         # itag 36 videos are either 320x180 (BaW_jenozKc) or 320x240 (__2ABJjxzNo), abr varies as well
 439         '36': {'ext': '3gp', 'width': 320, 'acodec': 'aac', 'vcodec': 'mp4v'},
 440         '37': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 1920, 'height': 1080, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 441         '38': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 4096, 'height': 3072, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 442         '43': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 640, 'height': 360, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 443         '44': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 444         '45': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 1280, 'height': 720, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 445         '46': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 1920, 'height': 1080, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 446         '59': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 447         '78': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 448
 449
 450         # 3D videos
 451         '82': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 452         '83': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 453         '84': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 454         '85': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 455         '100': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'vp8', 'preference': -20},
 456         '101': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8', 'preference': -20},
 457         '102': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8', 'preference': -20},
 458
 459         # Apple HTTP Live Streaming
 460         '91': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 461         '92': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 462         '93': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 463         '94': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 464         '95': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 256, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 465         '96': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 256, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 466         '132': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 467         '151': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 72, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 24, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 468
 469         # DASH mp4 video
 470         '133': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 471         '134': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 472         '135': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 473         '136': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 474         '137': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 475         '138': {'ext': 'mp4', 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},  # Height can vary (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4559)
 476         '160': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 477         '212': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 478         '264': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 479         '298': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264', 'fps': 60},
 480         '299': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264', 'fps': 60},
 481         '266': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 482
 483         # Dash mp4 audio
 484         '139': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 485         '140': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 486         '141': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 256, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 487         '256': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 488         '258': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 489         '325': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'dtse', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 490         '328': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'ec-3', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 491
 492         # Dash webm
 493         '167': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'width': 640, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 494         '168': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 495         '169': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'width': 1280, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 496         '170': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'width': 1920, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 497         '218': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 498         '219': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 499         '278': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 500         '242': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 501         '243': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 502         '244': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 503         '245': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 504         '246': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 505         '247': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 506         '248': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 507         '271': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 508         # itag 272 videos are either 3840x2160 (e.g. RtoitU2A-3E) or 7680x4320 (sLprVF6d7Ug)
 509         '272': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 510         '302': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 511         '303': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 512         '308': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 513         '313': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 514         '315': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 515
 516         # Dash webm audio
 517         '171': {'ext': 'webm', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'abr': 128},
 518         '172': {'ext': 'webm', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'abr': 256},
 519
 520         # Dash webm audio with opus inside
 521         '249': {'ext': 'webm', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 50},
 522         '250': {'ext': 'webm', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 70},
 523         '251': {'ext': 'webm', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 160},
 524
 525         # RTMP (unnamed)
 526         '_rtmp': {'protocol': 'rtmp'},
 527
 528         # av01 video only formats sometimes served with "unknown" codecs
 529         '394': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
 530         '395': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
 531         '396': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
 532         '397': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
 533     }
 534     _SUBTITLE_FORMATS = ('srv1', 'srv2', 'srv3', 'ttml', 'vtt')
 535
 536     _GEO_BYPASS = False
 537
 538     IE_NAME = 'youtube'
 539     _TESTS = [
 540         {
 541             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc&t=1s&end=9',
 542             'info_dict': {
 543                 'id': 'BaW_jenozKc',
 544                 'ext': 'mp4',
 545                 'title': 'youtube-dl test video "\'/\\ä↭𝕐',
 546                 'uploader': 'Philipp Hagemeister',
 547                 'uploader_id': 'phihag',
 548                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/phihag',
 549                 'channel_id': 'UCLqxVugv74EIW3VWh2NOa3Q',
 550                 'channel_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCLqxVugv74EIW3VWh2NOa3Q',
 551                 'upload_date': '20121002',
 552                 'description': 'test chars:  "\'/\\ä↭𝕐\ntest URL: https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/1892\n\nThis is a test video for youtube-dl.\n\nFor more information, contact phihag@phihag.de .',
 553                 'categories': ['Science & Technology'],
 554                 'tags': ['youtube-dl'],
 555                 'duration': 10,
 556                 'view_count': int,
 557                 'like_count': int,
 558                 'dislike_count': int,
 559                 'start_time': 1,
 560                 'end_time': 9,
 561             }
 562         },
 563         {
 564             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UxxajLWwzqY',
 565             'note': 'Test generic use_cipher_signature video (#897)',
 566             'info_dict': {
 567                 'id': 'UxxajLWwzqY',
 568                 'ext': 'mp4',
 569                 'upload_date': '20120506',
 570                 'title': 'Icona Pop - I Love It (feat. Charli XCX) [OFFICIAL VIDEO]',
 571                 'alt_title': 'I Love It (feat. Charli XCX)',
 572                 'description': 'md5:f3ceb5ef83a08d95b9d146f973157cc8',
 573                 'tags': ['Icona Pop i love it', 'sweden', 'pop music', 'big beat records', 'big beat', 'charli',
 574                          'xcx', 'charli xcx', 'girls', 'hbo', 'i love it', "i don't care", 'icona', 'pop',
 575                          'iconic ep', 'iconic', 'love', 'it'],
 576                 'duration': 180,
 577                 'uploader': 'Icona Pop',
 578                 'uploader_id': 'IconaPop',
 579                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/IconaPop',
 580                 'creator': 'Icona Pop',
 581                 'track': 'I Love It (feat. Charli XCX)',
 582                 'artist': 'Icona Pop',
 583             }
 584         },
 585         {
 586             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=07FYdnEawAQ',
 587             'note': 'Test VEVO video with age protection (#956)',
 588             'info_dict': {
 589                 'id': '07FYdnEawAQ',
 590                 'ext': 'mp4',
 591                 'upload_date': '20130703',
 592                 'title': 'Justin Timberlake - Tunnel Vision (Official Music Video) (Explicit)',
 593                 'alt_title': 'Tunnel Vision',
 594                 'description': 'md5:07dab3356cde4199048e4c7cd93471e1',
 595                 'duration': 419,
 596                 'uploader': 'justintimberlakeVEVO',
 597                 'uploader_id': 'justintimberlakeVEVO',
 598                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/justintimberlakeVEVO',
 599                 'creator': 'Justin Timberlake',
 600                 'track': 'Tunnel Vision',
 601                 'artist': 'Justin Timberlake',
 602                 'age_limit': 18,
 603             }
 604         },
 605         {
 606             'url': '//www.YouTube.com/watch?v=yZIXLfi8CZQ',
 607             'note': 'Embed-only video (#1746)',
 608             'info_dict': {
 609                 'id': 'yZIXLfi8CZQ',
 610                 'ext': 'mp4',
 611                 'upload_date': '20120608',
 612                 'title': 'Principal Sexually Assaults A Teacher - Episode 117 - 8th June 2012',
 613                 'description': 'md5:09b78bd971f1e3e289601dfba15ca4f7',
 614                 'uploader': 'SET India',
 615                 'uploader_id': 'setindia',
 616                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/setindia',
 617                 'age_limit': 18,
 618             }
 619         },
 620         {
 621             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc&v=UxxajLWwzqY',
 622             'note': 'Use the first video ID in the URL',
 623             'info_dict': {
 624                 'id': 'BaW_jenozKc',
 625                 'ext': 'mp4',
 626                 'title': 'youtube-dl test video "\'/\\ä↭𝕐',
 627                 'uploader': 'Philipp Hagemeister',
 628                 'uploader_id': 'phihag',
 629                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/phihag',
 630                 'upload_date': '20121002',
 631                 'description': 'test chars:  "\'/\\ä↭𝕐\ntest URL: https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/1892\n\nThis is a test video for youtube-dl.\n\nFor more information, contact phihag@phihag.de .',
 632                 'categories': ['Science & Technology'],
 633                 'tags': ['youtube-dl'],
 634                 'duration': 10,
 635                 'view_count': int,
 636                 'like_count': int,
 637                 'dislike_count': int,
 638             },
 639             'params': {
 640                 'skip_download': True,
 641             },
 642         },
 643         {
 644             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a9LDPn-MO4I',
 645             'note': '256k DASH audio (format 141) via DASH manifest',
 646             'info_dict': {
 647                 'id': 'a9LDPn-MO4I',
 648                 'ext': 'm4a',
 649                 'upload_date': '20121002',
 650                 'uploader_id': '8KVIDEO',
 651                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/8KVIDEO',
 652                 'description': '',
 653                 'uploader': '8KVIDEO',
 654                 'title': 'UHDTV TEST 8K VIDEO.mp4'
 655             },
 656             'params': {
 657                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 658                 'format': '141',
 659             },
 660             'skip': 'format 141 not served anymore',
 661         },
 662         # DASH manifest with encrypted signature
 663         {
 664             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IB3lcPjvWLA',
 665             'info_dict': {
 666                 'id': 'IB3lcPjvWLA',
 667                 'ext': 'm4a',
 668                 'title': 'Afrojack, Spree Wilson - The Spark (Official Music Video) ft. Spree Wilson',
 669                 'description': 'md5:8f5e2b82460520b619ccac1f509d43bf',
 670                 'duration': 244,
 671                 'uploader': 'AfrojackVEVO',
 672                 'uploader_id': 'AfrojackVEVO',
 673                 'upload_date': '20131011',
 674             },
 675             'params': {
 676                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 677                 'format': '141/bestaudio[ext=m4a]',
 678             },
 679         },
 680         # JS player signature function name containing $
 681         {
 682             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nfWlot6h_JM',
 683             'info_dict': {
 684                 'id': 'nfWlot6h_JM',
 685                 'ext': 'm4a',
 686                 'title': 'Taylor Swift - Shake It Off',
 687                 'description': 'md5:bec2185232c05479482cb5a9b82719bf',
 688                 'duration': 242,
 689                 'uploader': 'TaylorSwiftVEVO',
 690                 'uploader_id': 'TaylorSwiftVEVO',
 691                 'upload_date': '20140818',
 692                 'creator': 'Taylor Swift',
 693             },
 694             'params': {
 695                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 696                 'format': '141/bestaudio[ext=m4a]',
 697             },
 698         },
 699         # Controversy video
 700         {
 701             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T4XJQO3qol8',
 702             'info_dict': {
 703                 'id': 'T4XJQO3qol8',
 704                 'ext': 'mp4',
 705                 'duration': 219,
 706                 'upload_date': '20100909',
 707                 'uploader': 'Amazing Atheist',
 708                 'uploader_id': 'TheAmazingAtheist',
 709                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/TheAmazingAtheist',
 710                 'title': 'Burning Everyone\'s Koran',
 711                 'description': 'SUBSCRIBE: http://www.youtube.com/saturninefilms\n\nEven Obama has taken a stand against freedom on this issue: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/09/09/obama-gma-interview-quran_n_710282.html',
 712             }
 713         },
 714         # Normal age-gate video (No vevo, embed allowed)
 715         {
 716             'url': 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=HtVdAasjOgU',
 717             'info_dict': {
 718                 'id': 'HtVdAasjOgU',
 719                 'ext': 'mp4',
 720                 'title': 'The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt - The Sword Of Destiny Trailer',
 721                 'description': r're:(?s).{100,}About the Game\n.*?The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt.{100,}',
 722                 'duration': 142,
 723                 'uploader': 'The Witcher',
 724                 'uploader_id': 'WitcherGame',
 725                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/WitcherGame',
 726                 'upload_date': '20140605',
 727                 'age_limit': 18,
 728             },
 729         },
 730         # Age-gate video with encrypted signature
 731         {
 732             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6kLq3WMV1nU',
 733             'info_dict': {
 734                 'id': '6kLq3WMV1nU',
 735                 'ext': 'mp4',
 736                 'title': 'Dedication To My Ex (Miss That) (Lyric Video)',
 737                 'description': 'md5:33765bb339e1b47e7e72b5490139bb41',
 738                 'duration': 246,
 739                 'uploader': 'LloydVEVO',
 740                 'uploader_id': 'LloydVEVO',
 741                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/LloydVEVO',
 742                 'upload_date': '20110629',
 743                 'age_limit': 18,
 744             },
 745         },
 746         # video_info is None (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4421)
 747         # YouTube Red ad is not captured for creator
 748         {
 749             'url': '__2ABJjxzNo',
 750             'info_dict': {
 751                 'id': '__2ABJjxzNo',
 752                 'ext': 'mp4',
 753                 'duration': 266,
 754                 'upload_date': '20100430',
 755                 'uploader_id': 'deadmau5',
 756                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/deadmau5',
 757                 'creator': 'deadmau5',
 758                 'description': 'md5:12c56784b8032162bb936a5f76d55360',
 759                 'uploader': 'deadmau5',
 760                 'title': 'Deadmau5 - Some Chords (HD)',
 761                 'alt_title': 'Some Chords',
 762             },
 763             'expected_warnings': [
 764                 'DASH manifest missing',
 765             ]
 766         },
 767         # Olympics (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4431)
 768         {
 769             'url': 'lqQg6PlCWgI',
 770             'info_dict': {
 771                 'id': 'lqQg6PlCWgI',
 772                 'ext': 'mp4',
 773                 'duration': 6085,
 774                 'upload_date': '20150827',
 775                 'uploader_id': 'olympic',
 776                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/olympic',
 777                 'description': 'HO09  - Women -  GER-AUS - Hockey - 31 July 2012 - London 2012 Olympic Games',
 778                 'uploader': 'Olympic',
 779                 'title': 'Hockey - Women -  GER-AUS - London 2012 Olympic Games',
 780             },
 781             'params': {
 782                 'skip_download': 'requires avconv',
 783             }
 784         },
 785         # Non-square pixels
 786         {
 787             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_b-2C3KPAM0',
 788             'info_dict': {
 789                 'id': '_b-2C3KPAM0',
 790                 'ext': 'mp4',
 791                 'stretched_ratio': 16 / 9.,
 792                 'duration': 85,
 793                 'upload_date': '20110310',
 794                 'uploader_id': 'AllenMeow',
 795                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/AllenMeow',
 796                 'description': 'made by Wacom from Korea | 字幕&加油添醋 by TY\'s Allen | 感謝heylisa00cavey1001同學熱情提供梗及翻譯',
 797                 'uploader': '孫ᄋᄅ',
 798                 'title': '[A-made] 變態妍字幕版 太妍 我就是這樣的人',
 799             },
 800         },
 801         # url_encoded_fmt_stream_map is empty string
 802         {
 803             'url': 'qEJwOuvDf7I',
 804             'info_dict': {
 805                 'id': 'qEJwOuvDf7I',
 806                 'ext': 'webm',
 807                 'title': 'Обсуждение судебной практики по выборам 14 сентября 2014 года в Санкт-Петербурге',
 808                 'description': '',
 809                 'upload_date': '20150404',
 810                 'uploader_id': 'spbelect',
 811                 'uploader': 'Наблюдатели Петербурга',
 812             },
 813             'params': {
 814                 'skip_download': 'requires avconv',
 815             },
 816             'skip': 'This live event has ended.',
 817         },
 818         # Extraction from multiple DASH manifests (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/6097)
 819         {
 820             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FIl7x6_3R5Y',
 821             'info_dict': {
 822                 'id': 'FIl7x6_3R5Y',
 823                 'ext': 'webm',
 824                 'title': 'md5:7b81415841e02ecd4313668cde88737a',
 825                 'description': 'md5:116377fd2963b81ec4ce64b542173306',
 826                 'duration': 220,
 827                 'upload_date': '20150625',
 828                 'uploader_id': 'dorappi2000',
 829                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/dorappi2000',
 830                 'uploader': 'dorappi2000',
 831                 'formats': 'mincount:31',
 832             },
 833             'skip': 'not actual anymore',
 834         },
 835         # DASH manifest with segment_list
 836         {
 837             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/embed/CsmdDsKjzN8',
 838             'md5': '8ce563a1d667b599d21064e982ab9e31',
 839             'info_dict': {
 840                 'id': 'CsmdDsKjzN8',
 841                 'ext': 'mp4',
 842                 'upload_date': '20150501',  # According to '<meta itemprop="datePublished"', but in other places it's 20150510
 843                 'uploader': 'Airtek',
 844                 'description': 'Retransmisión en directo de la XVIII media maratón de Zaragoza.',
 845                 'uploader_id': 'UCzTzUmjXxxacNnL8I3m4LnQ',
 846                 'title': 'Retransmisión XVIII Media maratón Zaragoza 2015',
 847             },
 848             'params': {
 849                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 850                 'format': '135',  # bestvideo
 851             },
 852             'skip': 'This live event has ended.',
 853         },
 854         {
 855             # Multifeed videos (multiple cameras), URL is for Main Camera
 856             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jqWvoWXjCVs',
 857             'info_dict': {
 858                 'id': 'jqWvoWXjCVs',
 859                 'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream',
 860                 'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 861             },
 862             'playlist': [{
 863                 'info_dict': {
 864                     'id': 'jqWvoWXjCVs',
 865                     'ext': 'mp4',
 866                     'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream (Main Camera)',
 867                     'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 868                     'duration': 7335,
 869                     'upload_date': '20150721',
 870                     'uploader': 'Beer Games Beer',
 871                     'uploader_id': 'beergamesbeer',
 872                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/beergamesbeer',
 873                     'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
 874                 },
 875             }, {
 876                 'info_dict': {
 877                     'id': '6h8e8xoXJzg',
 878                     'ext': 'mp4',
 879                     'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream (kreestuh)',
 880                     'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 881                     'duration': 7337,
 882                     'upload_date': '20150721',
 883                     'uploader': 'Beer Games Beer',
 884                     'uploader_id': 'beergamesbeer',
 885                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/beergamesbeer',
 886                     'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
 887                 },
 888             }, {
 889                 'info_dict': {
 890                     'id': 'PUOgX5z9xZw',
 891                     'ext': 'mp4',
 892                     'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream (grizzle)',
 893                     'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 894                     'duration': 7337,
 895                     'upload_date': '20150721',
 896                     'uploader': 'Beer Games Beer',
 897                     'uploader_id': 'beergamesbeer',
 898                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/beergamesbeer',
 899                     'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
 900                 },
 901             }, {
 902                 'info_dict': {
 903                     'id': 'teuwxikvS5k',
 904                     'ext': 'mp4',
 905                     'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream (zim)',
 906                     'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 907                     'duration': 7334,
 908                     'upload_date': '20150721',
 909                     'uploader': 'Beer Games Beer',
 910                     'uploader_id': 'beergamesbeer',
 911                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/beergamesbeer',
 912                     'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
 913                 },
 914             }],
 915             'params': {
 916                 'skip_download': True,
 917             },
 918             'skip': 'This video is not available.',
 919         },
 920         {
 921             # Multifeed video with comma in title (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8536)
 922             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gVfLd0zydlo',
 923             'info_dict': {
 924                 'id': 'gVfLd0zydlo',
 925                 'title': 'DevConf.cz 2016 Day 2 Workshops 1 14:00 - 15:30',
 926             },
 927             'playlist_count': 2,
 928             'skip': 'Not multifeed anymore',
 929         },
 930         {
 931             'url': 'https://vid.plus/FlRa-iH7PGw',
 932             'only_matching': True,
 933         },
 934         {
 935             'url': 'https://zwearz.com/watch/9lWxNJF-ufM/electra-woman-dyna-girl-official-trailer-grace-helbig.html',
 936             'only_matching': True,
 937         },
 938         {
 939             # Title with JS-like syntax "};" (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7468)
 940             # Also tests cut-off URL expansion in video description (see
 941             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/1892,
 942             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8164)
 943             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lsguqyKfVQg',
 944             'info_dict': {
 945                 'id': 'lsguqyKfVQg',
 946                 'ext': 'mp4',
 947                 'title': '{dark walk}; Loki/AC/Dishonored; collab w/Elflover21',
 948                 'alt_title': 'Dark Walk - Position Music',
 949                 'description': 'md5:8085699c11dc3f597ce0410b0dcbb34a',
 950                 'duration': 133,
 951                 'upload_date': '20151119',
 952                 'uploader_id': 'IronSoulElf',
 953                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/IronSoulElf',
 954                 'uploader': 'IronSoulElf',
 955                 'creator': 'Todd Haberman,  Daniel Law Heath and Aaron Kaplan',
 956                 'track': 'Dark Walk - Position Music',
 957                 'artist': 'Todd Haberman,  Daniel Law Heath and Aaron Kaplan',
 958                 'album': 'Position Music - Production Music Vol. 143 - Dark Walk',
 959             },
 960             'params': {
 961                 'skip_download': True,
 962             },
 963         },
 964         {
 965             # Tags with '};' (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7468)
 966             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ms7iBXnlUO8',
 967             'only_matching': True,
 968         },
 969         {
 970             # Video with yt:stretch=17:0
 971             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q39EVAstoRM',
 972             'info_dict': {
 973                 'id': 'Q39EVAstoRM',
 974                 'ext': 'mp4',
 975                 'title': 'Clash Of Clans#14 Dicas De Ataque Para CV 4',
 976                 'description': 'md5:ee18a25c350637c8faff806845bddee9',
 977                 'upload_date': '20151107',
 978                 'uploader_id': 'UCCr7TALkRbo3EtFzETQF1LA',
 979                 'uploader': 'CH GAMER DROID',
 980             },
 981             'params': {
 982                 'skip_download': True,
 983             },
 984             'skip': 'This video does not exist.',
 985         },
 986         {
 987             # Video licensed under Creative Commons
 988             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M4gD1WSo5mA',
 989             'info_dict': {
 990                 'id': 'M4gD1WSo5mA',
 991                 'ext': 'mp4',
 992                 'title': 'md5:e41008789470fc2533a3252216f1c1d1',
 993                 'description': 'md5:a677553cf0840649b731a3024aeff4cc',
 994                 'duration': 721,
 995                 'upload_date': '20150127',
 996                 'uploader_id': 'BerkmanCenter',
 997                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/BerkmanCenter',
 998                 'uploader': 'The Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society',
 999                 'license': 'Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed)',
1000             },
1001             'params': {
1002                 'skip_download': True,
1003             },
1004         },
1005         {
1006             # Channel-like uploader_url
1007             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eQcmzGIKrzg',
1008             'info_dict': {
1009                 'id': 'eQcmzGIKrzg',
1010                 'ext': 'mp4',
1011                 'title': 'Democratic Socialism and Foreign Policy | Bernie Sanders',
1012                 'description': 'md5:dda0d780d5a6e120758d1711d062a867',
1013                 'duration': 4060,
1014                 'upload_date': '20151119',
1015                 'uploader': 'Bernie Sanders',
1016                 'uploader_id': 'UCH1dpzjCEiGAt8CXkryhkZg',
1017                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCH1dpzjCEiGAt8CXkryhkZg',
1018                 'license': 'Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed)',
1019             },
1020             'params': {
1021                 'skip_download': True,
1022             },
1023         },
1024         {
1025             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;amp;v=V36LpHqtcDY',
1026             'only_matching': True,
1027         },
1028         {
1029             # YouTube Red paid video (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/10059)
1030             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i1Ko8UG-Tdo',
1031             'only_matching': True,
1032         },
1033         {
1034             # Rental video preview
1035             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yYr8q0y5Jfg',
1036             'info_dict': {
1037                 'id': 'uGpuVWrhIzE',
1038                 'ext': 'mp4',
1039                 'title': 'Piku - Trailer',
1040                 'description': 'md5:c36bd60c3fd6f1954086c083c72092eb',
1041                 'upload_date': '20150811',
1042                 'uploader': 'FlixMatrix',
1043                 'uploader_id': 'FlixMatrixKaravan',
1044                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/FlixMatrixKaravan',
1045                 'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
1046             },
1047             'params': {
1048                 'skip_download': True,
1049             },
1050             'skip': 'This video is not available.',
1051         },
1052         {
1053             # YouTube Red video with episode data
1054             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iqKdEhx-dD4',
1055             'info_dict': {
1056                 'id': 'iqKdEhx-dD4',
1057                 'ext': 'mp4',
1058                 'title': 'Isolation - Mind Field (Ep 1)',
1059                 'description': 'md5:46a29be4ceffa65b92d277b93f463c0f',
1060                 'duration': 2085,
1061                 'upload_date': '20170118',
1062                 'uploader': 'Vsauce',
1063                 'uploader_id': 'Vsauce',
1064                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/Vsauce',
1065                 'series': 'Mind Field',
1066                 'season_number': 1,
1067                 'episode_number': 1,
1068             },
1069             'params': {
1070                 'skip_download': True,
1071             },
1072             'expected_warnings': [
1073                 'Skipping DASH manifest',
1074             ],
1075         },
1076         {
1077             # The following content has been identified by the YouTube community
1078             # as inappropriate or offensive to some audiences.
1079             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6SJNVb0GnPI',
1080             'info_dict': {
1081                 'id': '6SJNVb0GnPI',
1082                 'ext': 'mp4',
1083                 'title': 'Race Differences in Intelligence',
1084                 'description': 'md5:5d161533167390427a1f8ee89a1fc6f1',
1085                 'duration': 965,
1086                 'upload_date': '20140124',
1087                 'uploader': 'New Century Foundation',
1088                 'uploader_id': 'UCEJYpZGqgUob0zVVEaLhvVg',
1089                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCEJYpZGqgUob0zVVEaLhvVg',
1090             },
1091             'params': {
1092                 'skip_download': True,
1093             },
1094         },
1095         {
1096             # itag 212
1097             'url': '1t24XAntNCY',
1098             'only_matching': True,
1099         },
1100         {
1101             # geo restricted to JP
1102             'url': 'sJL6WA-aGkQ',
1103             'only_matching': True,
1104         },
1105         {
1106             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MuAGGZNfUkU&list=RDMM',
1107             'only_matching': True,
1108         },
1109         {
1110             'url': 'https://invidio.us/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc',
1111             'only_matching': True,
1112         },
1113         {
1114             # DRM protected
1115             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s7_qI6_mIXc',
1116             'only_matching': True,
1117         },
1118         {
1119             # Video with unsupported adaptive stream type formats
1120             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z4Vy8R84T1U',
1121             'info_dict': {
1122                 'id': 'Z4Vy8R84T1U',
1123                 'ext': 'mp4',
1124                 'title': 'saman SMAN 53 Jakarta(Sancety) opening COFFEE4th at SMAN 53 Jakarta',
1125                 'description': 'md5:d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e',
1126                 'duration': 433,
1127                 'upload_date': '20130923',
1128                 'uploader': 'Amelia Putri Harwita',
1129                 'uploader_id': 'UCpOxM49HJxmC1qCalXyB3_Q',
1130                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCpOxM49HJxmC1qCalXyB3_Q',
1131                 'formats': 'maxcount:10',
1132             },
1133             'params': {
1134                 'skip_download': True,
1135                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': False,
1136             },
1137         },
1138         {
1139             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1140             'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/watch?v=MgNrAu2pzNs',
1141             'info_dict': {
1142                 'id': 'MgNrAu2pzNs',
1143                 'ext': 'mp4',
1144                 'title': 'Voyeur Girl',
1145                 'description': 'md5:7ae382a65843d6df2685993e90a8628f',
1146                 'upload_date': '20190312',
1147                 'uploader': 'Various Artists - Topic',
1148                 'uploader_id': 'UCVWKBi1ELZn0QX2CBLSkiyw',
1149                 'artist': 'Stephen',
1150                 'track': 'Voyeur Girl',
1151                 'album': 'it\'s too much love to know my dear',
1152                 'release_date': '20190313',
1153                 'release_year': 2019,
1154             },
1155             'params': {
1156                 'skip_download': True,
1157             },
1158         },
1159         {
1160             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1161             # Retrieve 'artist' field from 'Artist:' in video description
1162             # when it is present on youtube music video
1163             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k0jLE7tTwjY',
1164             'info_dict': {
1165                 'id': 'k0jLE7tTwjY',
1166                 'ext': 'mp4',
1167                 'title': 'Latch Feat. Sam Smith',
1168                 'description': 'md5:3cb1e8101a7c85fcba9b4fb41b951335',
1169                 'upload_date': '20150110',
1170                 'uploader': 'Various Artists - Topic',
1171                 'uploader_id': 'UCNkEcmYdjrH4RqtNgh7BZ9w',
1172                 'artist': 'Disclosure',
1173                 'track': 'Latch Feat. Sam Smith',
1174                 'album': 'Latch Featuring Sam Smith',
1175                 'release_date': '20121008',
1176                 'release_year': 2012,
1177             },
1178             'params': {
1179                 'skip_download': True,
1180             },
1181         },
1182         {
1183             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1184             # handle multiple artists on youtube music video
1185             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=74qn0eJSjpA',
1186             'info_dict': {
1187                 'id': '74qn0eJSjpA',
1188                 'ext': 'mp4',
1189                 'title': 'Eastside',
1190                 'description': 'md5:290516bb73dcbfab0dcc4efe6c3de5f2',
1191                 'upload_date': '20180710',
1192                 'uploader': 'Benny Blanco - Topic',
1193                 'uploader_id': 'UCzqz_ksRu_WkIzmivMdIS7A',
1194                 'artist': 'benny blanco, Halsey, Khalid',
1195                 'track': 'Eastside',
1196                 'album': 'Eastside',
1197                 'release_date': '20180713',
1198                 'release_year': 2018,
1199             },
1200             'params': {
1201                 'skip_download': True,
1202             },
1203         },
1204         {
1205             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1206             # handle youtube music video with release_year and no release_date
1207             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-hcAI0g-f5M',
1208             'info_dict': {
1209                 'id': '-hcAI0g-f5M',
1210                 'ext': 'mp4',
1211                 'title': 'Put It On Me',
1212                 'description': 'md5:93c55acc682ae7b0c668f2e34e1c069e',
1213                 'upload_date': '20180426',
1214                 'uploader': 'Matt Maeson - Topic',
1215                 'uploader_id': 'UCnEkIGqtGcQMLk73Kp-Q5LQ',
1216                 'artist': 'Matt Maeson',
1217                 'track': 'Put It On Me',
1218                 'album': 'The Hearse',
1219                 'release_date': None,
1220                 'release_year': 2018,
1221             },
1222             'params': {
1223                 'skip_download': True,
1224             },
1225         },
1226     ]
1227
1228     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
1229         super(YoutubeIE, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
1230         self._player_cache = {}
1231
1232     def report_video_info_webpage_download(self, video_id):
1233         """Report attempt to download video info webpage."""
1234         self.to_screen('%s: Downloading video info webpage' % video_id)
1235
1236     def report_information_extraction(self, video_id):
1237         """Report attempt to extract video information."""
1238         self.to_screen('%s: Extracting video information' % video_id)
1239
1240     def report_unavailable_format(self, video_id, format):
1241         """Report extracted video URL."""
1242         self.to_screen('%s: Format %s not available' % (video_id, format))
1243
1244     def report_rtmp_download(self):
1245         """Indicate the download will use the RTMP protocol."""
1246         self.to_screen('RTMP download detected')
1247
1248     def _signature_cache_id(self, example_sig):
1249         """ Return a string representation of a signature """
1250         return '.'.join(compat_str(len(part)) for part in example_sig.split('.'))
1251
1252     def _extract_signature_function(self, video_id, player_url, example_sig):
1253         id_m = re.match(
1254             r'.*?-(?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)(?:/watch_as3|/html5player(?:-new)?|(?:/[a-z]{2,3}_[A-Z]{2})?/base)?\.(?P<ext>[a-z]+)$',
1255             player_url)
1256         if not id_m:
1257             raise ExtractorError('Cannot identify player %r' % player_url)
1258         player_type = id_m.group('ext')
1259         player_id = id_m.group('id')
1260
1261         # Read from filesystem cache
1262         func_id = '%s_%s_%s' % (
1263             player_type, player_id, self._signature_cache_id(example_sig))
1264         assert os.path.basename(func_id) == func_id
1265
1266         cache_spec = self._downloader.cache.load('youtube-sigfuncs', func_id)
1267         if cache_spec is not None:
1268             return lambda s: ''.join(s[i] for i in cache_spec)
1269
1270         download_note = (
1271             'Downloading player %s' % player_url
1272             if self._downloader.params.get('verbose') else
1273             'Downloading %s player %s' % (player_type, player_id)
1274         )
1275         if player_type == 'js':
1276             code = self._download_webpage(
1277                 player_url, video_id,
1278                 note=download_note,
1279                 errnote='Download of %s failed' % player_url)
1280             res = self._parse_sig_js(code)
1281         elif player_type == 'swf':
1282             urlh = self._request_webpage(
1283                 player_url, video_id,
1284                 note=download_note,
1285                 errnote='Download of %s failed' % player_url)
1286             code = urlh.read()
1287             res = self._parse_sig_swf(code)
1288         else:
1289             assert False, 'Invalid player type %r' % player_type
1290
1291         test_string = ''.join(map(compat_chr, range(len(example_sig))))
1292         cache_res = res(test_string)
1293         cache_spec = [ord(c) for c in cache_res]
1294
1295         self._downloader.cache.store('youtube-sigfuncs', func_id, cache_spec)
1296         return res
1297
1298     def _print_sig_code(self, func, example_sig):
1299         def gen_sig_code(idxs):
1300             def _genslice(start, end, step):
1301                 starts = '' if start == 0 else str(start)
1302                 ends = (':%d' % (end + step)) if end + step >= 0 else ':'
1303                 steps = '' if step == 1 else (':%d' % step)
1304                 return 's[%s%s%s]' % (starts, ends, steps)
1305
1306             step = None
1307             # Quelch pyflakes warnings - start will be set when step is set
1308             start = '(Never used)'
1309             for i, prev in zip(idxs[1:], idxs[:-1]):
1310                 if step is not None:
1311                     if i - prev == step:
1312                         continue
1313                     yield _genslice(start, prev, step)
1314                     step = None
1315                     continue
1316                 if i - prev in [-1, 1]:
1317                     step = i - prev
1318                     start = prev
1319                     continue
1320                 else:
1321                     yield 's[%d]' % prev
1322             if step is None:
1323                 yield 's[%d]' % i
1324             else:
1325                 yield _genslice(start, i, step)
1326
1327         test_string = ''.join(map(compat_chr, range(len(example_sig))))
1328         cache_res = func(test_string)
1329         cache_spec = [ord(c) for c in cache_res]
1330         expr_code = ' + '.join(gen_sig_code(cache_spec))
1331         signature_id_tuple = '(%s)' % (
1332             ', '.join(compat_str(len(p)) for p in example_sig.split('.')))
1333         code = ('if tuple(len(p) for p in s.split(\'.\')) == %s:\n'
1334                 '    return %s\n') % (signature_id_tuple, expr_code)
1335         self.to_screen('Extracted signature function:\n' + code)
1336
1337     def _parse_sig_js(self, jscode):
1338         funcname = self._search_regex(
1339             (r'\b[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*encodeURIComponent\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1340              r'\b[a-zA-Z0-9]+\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*encodeURIComponent\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1341              r'(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\s*=\s*function\(\s*a\s*\)\s*{\s*a\s*=\s*a\.split\(\s*""\s*\)',
1342              # Obsolete patterns
1343              r'(["\'])signature\1\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1344              r'\.sig\|\|(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1345              r'yt\.akamaized\.net/\)\s*\|\|\s*.*?\s*[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?:encodeURIComponent\s*\()?\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1346              r'\b[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1347              r'\b[a-zA-Z0-9]+\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1348              r'\bc\s*&&\s*a\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*\([^)]*\)\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1349              r'\bc\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*\([^)]*\)\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1350              r'\bc\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*\([^)]*\)\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\('),
1351             jscode, 'Initial JS player signature function name', group='sig')
1352
1353         jsi = JSInterpreter(jscode)
1354         initial_function = jsi.extract_function(funcname)
1355         return lambda s: initial_function([s])
1356
1357     def _parse_sig_swf(self, file_contents):
1358         swfi = SWFInterpreter(file_contents)
1359         TARGET_CLASSNAME = 'SignatureDecipher'
1360         searched_class = swfi.extract_class(TARGET_CLASSNAME)
1361         initial_function = swfi.extract_function(searched_class, 'decipher')
1362         return lambda s: initial_function([s])
1363
1364     def _decrypt_signature(self, s, video_id, player_url, age_gate=False):
1365         """Turn the encrypted s field into a working signature"""
1366
1367         if player_url is None:
1368             raise ExtractorError('Cannot decrypt signature without player_url')
1369
1370         if player_url.startswith('//'):
1371             player_url = 'https:' + player_url
1372         elif not re.match(r'https?://', player_url):
1373             player_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin(
1374                 'https://www.youtube.com', player_url)
1375         try:
1376             player_id = (player_url, self._signature_cache_id(s))
1377             if player_id not in self._player_cache:
1378                 func = self._extract_signature_function(
1379                     video_id, player_url, s
1380                 )
1381                 self._player_cache[player_id] = func
1382             func = self._player_cache[player_id]
1383             if self._downloader.params.get('youtube_print_sig_code'):
1384                 self._print_sig_code(func, s)
1385             return func(s)
1386         except Exception as e:
1387             tb = traceback.format_exc()
1388             raise ExtractorError(
1389                 'Signature extraction failed: ' + tb, cause=e)
1390
1391     def _get_subtitles(self, video_id, webpage):
1392         try:
1393             subs_doc = self._download_xml(
1394                 'https://video.google.com/timedtext?hl=en&type=list&v=%s' % video_id,
1395                 video_id, note=False)
1396         except ExtractorError as err:
1397             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to download video subtitles: %s' % error_to_compat_str(err))
1398             return {}
1399
1400         sub_lang_list = {}
1401         for track in subs_doc.findall('track'):
1402             lang = track.attrib['lang_code']
1403             if lang in sub_lang_list:
1404                 continue
1405             sub_formats = []
1406             for ext in self._SUBTITLE_FORMATS:
1407                 params = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
1408                     'lang': lang,
1409                     'v': video_id,
1410                     'fmt': ext,
1411                     'name': track.attrib['name'].encode('utf-8'),
1412                 })
1413                 sub_formats.append({
1414                     'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/api/timedtext?' + params,
1415                     'ext': ext,
1416                 })
1417             sub_lang_list[lang] = sub_formats
1418         if not sub_lang_list:
1419             self._downloader.report_warning('video doesn\'t have subtitles')
1420             return {}
1421         return sub_lang_list
1422
1423     def _get_ytplayer_config(self, video_id, webpage):
1424         patterns = (
1425             # User data may contain arbitrary character sequences that may affect
1426             # JSON extraction with regex, e.g. when '};' is contained the second
1427             # regex won't capture the whole JSON. Yet working around by trying more
1428             # concrete regex first keeping in mind proper quoted string handling
1429             # to be implemented in future that will replace this workaround (see
1430             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7468,
1431             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/7599)
1432             r';ytplayer\.config\s*=\s*({.+?});ytplayer',
1433             r';ytplayer\.config\s*=\s*({.+?});',
1434         )
1435         config = self._search_regex(
1436             patterns, webpage, 'ytplayer.config', default=None)
1437         if config:
1438             return self._parse_json(
1439                 uppercase_escape(config), video_id, fatal=False)
1440
1441     def _get_automatic_captions(self, video_id, webpage):
1442         """We need the webpage for getting the captions url, pass it as an
1443            argument to speed up the process."""
1444         self.to_screen('%s: Looking for automatic captions' % video_id)
1445         player_config = self._get_ytplayer_config(video_id, webpage)
1446         err_msg = 'Couldn\'t find automatic captions for %s' % video_id
1447         if not player_config:
1448             self._downloader.report_warning(err_msg)
1449             return {}
1450         try:
1451             args = player_config['args']
1452             caption_url = args.get('ttsurl')
1453             if caption_url:
1454                 timestamp = args['timestamp']
1455                 # We get the available subtitles
1456                 list_params = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
1457                     'type': 'list',
1458                     'tlangs': 1,
1459                     'asrs': 1,
1460                 })
1461                 list_url = caption_url + '&' + list_params
1462                 caption_list = self._download_xml(list_url, video_id)
1463                 original_lang_node = caption_list.find('track')
1464                 if original_lang_node is None:
1465                     self._downloader.report_warning('Video doesn\'t have automatic captions')
1466                     return {}
1467                 original_lang = original_lang_node.attrib['lang_code']
1468                 caption_kind = original_lang_node.attrib.get('kind', '')
1469
1470                 sub_lang_list = {}
1471                 for lang_node in caption_list.findall('target'):
1472                     sub_lang = lang_node.attrib['lang_code']
1473                     sub_formats = []
1474                     for ext in self._SUBTITLE_FORMATS:
1475                         params = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
1476                             'lang': original_lang,
1477                             'tlang': sub_lang,
1478                             'fmt': ext,
1479                             'ts': timestamp,
1480                             'kind': caption_kind,
1481                         })
1482                         sub_formats.append({
1483                             'url': caption_url + '&' + params,
1484                             'ext': ext,
1485                         })
1486                     sub_lang_list[sub_lang] = sub_formats
1487                 return sub_lang_list
1488
1489             def make_captions(sub_url, sub_langs):
1490                 parsed_sub_url = compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(sub_url)
1491                 caption_qs = compat_parse_qs(parsed_sub_url.query)
1492                 captions = {}
1493                 for sub_lang in sub_langs:
1494                     sub_formats = []
1495                     for ext in self._SUBTITLE_FORMATS:
1496                         caption_qs.update({
1497                             'tlang': [sub_lang],
1498                             'fmt': [ext],
1499                         })
1500                         sub_url = compat_urlparse.urlunparse(parsed_sub_url._replace(
1501                             query=compat_urllib_parse_urlencode(caption_qs, True)))
1502                         sub_formats.append({
1503                             'url': sub_url,
1504                             'ext': ext,
1505                         })
1506                     captions[sub_lang] = sub_formats
1507                 return captions
1508
1509             # New captions format as of 22.06.2017
1510             player_response = args.get('player_response')
1511             if player_response and isinstance(player_response, compat_str):
1512                 player_response = self._parse_json(
1513                     player_response, video_id, fatal=False)
1514                 if player_response:
1515                     renderer = player_response['captions']['playerCaptionsTracklistRenderer']
1516                     base_url = renderer['captionTracks'][0]['baseUrl']
1517                     sub_lang_list = []
1518                     for lang in renderer['translationLanguages']:
1519                         lang_code = lang.get('languageCode')
1520                         if lang_code:
1521                             sub_lang_list.append(lang_code)
1522                     return make_captions(base_url, sub_lang_list)
1523
1524             # Some videos don't provide ttsurl but rather caption_tracks and
1525             # caption_translation_languages (e.g. 20LmZk1hakA)
1526             # Does not used anymore as of 22.06.2017
1527             caption_tracks = args['caption_tracks']
1528             caption_translation_languages = args['caption_translation_languages']
1529             caption_url = compat_parse_qs(caption_tracks.split(',')[0])['u'][0]
1530             sub_lang_list = []
1531             for lang in caption_translation_languages.split(','):
1532                 lang_qs = compat_parse_qs(compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(lang))
1533                 sub_lang = lang_qs.get('lc', [None])[0]
1534                 if sub_lang:
1535                     sub_lang_list.append(sub_lang)
1536             return make_captions(caption_url, sub_lang_list)
1537         # An extractor error can be raise by the download process if there are
1538         # no automatic captions but there are subtitles
1539         except (KeyError, IndexError, ExtractorError):
1540             self._downloader.report_warning(err_msg)
1541             return {}
1542
1543     def _mark_watched(self, video_id, video_info, player_response):
1544         playback_url = url_or_none(try_get(
1545             player_response,
1546             lambda x: x['playbackTracking']['videostatsPlaybackUrl']['baseUrl']) or try_get(
1547             video_info, lambda x: x['videostats_playback_base_url'][0]))
1548         if not playback_url:
1549             return
1550         parsed_playback_url = compat_urlparse.urlparse(playback_url)
1551         qs = compat_urlparse.parse_qs(parsed_playback_url.query)
1552
1553         # cpn generation algorithm is reverse engineered from base.js.
1554         # In fact it works even with dummy cpn.
1555         CPN_ALPHABET = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789-_'
1556         cpn = ''.join((CPN_ALPHABET[random.randint(0, 256) & 63] for _ in range(0, 16)))
1557
1558         qs.update({
1559             'ver': ['2'],
1560             'cpn': [cpn],
1561         })
1562         playback_url = compat_urlparse.urlunparse(
1563             parsed_playback_url._replace(query=compat_urllib_parse_urlencode(qs, True)))
1564
1565         self._download_webpage(
1566             playback_url, video_id, 'Marking watched',
1567             'Unable to mark watched', fatal=False)
1568
1569     @staticmethod
1570     def _extract_urls(webpage):
1571         # Embedded YouTube player
1572         entries = [
1573             unescapeHTML(mobj.group('url'))
1574             for mobj in re.finditer(r'''(?x)
1575             (?:
1576                 <iframe[^>]+?src=|
1577                 data-video-url=|
1578                 <embed[^>]+?src=|
1579                 embedSWF\(?:\s*|
1580                 <object[^>]+data=|
1581                 new\s+SWFObject\(
1582             )
1583             (["\'])
1584                 (?P<url>(?:https?:)?//(?:www\.)?youtube(?:-nocookie)?\.com/
1585                 (?:embed|v|p)/[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}.*?)
1586             \1''', webpage)]
1587
1588         # lazyYT YouTube embed
1589         entries.extend(list(map(
1590             unescapeHTML,
1591             re.findall(r'class="lazyYT" data-youtube-id="([^"]+)"', webpage))))
1592
1593         # Wordpress "YouTube Video Importer" plugin
1594         matches = re.findall(r'''(?x)<div[^>]+
1595             class=(?P<q1>[\'"])[^\'"]*\byvii_single_video_player\b[^\'"]*(?P=q1)[^>]+
1596             data-video_id=(?P<q2>[\'"])([^\'"]+)(?P=q2)''', webpage)
1597         entries.extend(m[-1] for m in matches)
1598
1599         return entries
1600
1601     @staticmethod
1602     def _extract_url(webpage):
1603         urls = YoutubeIE._extract_urls(webpage)
1604         return urls[0] if urls else None
1605
1606     @classmethod
1607     def extract_id(cls, url):
1608         mobj = re.match(cls._VALID_URL, url, re.VERBOSE)
1609         if mobj is None:
1610             raise ExtractorError('Invalid URL: %s' % url)
1611         video_id = mobj.group(2)
1612         return video_id
1613
1614     @staticmethod
1615     def _extract_chapters(description, duration):
1616         if not description:
1617             return None
1618         chapter_lines = re.findall(
1619             r'(?:^|<br\s*/>)([^<]*<a[^>]+onclick=["\']yt\.www\.watch\.player\.seekTo[^>]+>(\d{1,2}:\d{1,2}(?::\d{1,2})?)</a>[^>]*)(?=$|<br\s*/>)',
1620             description)
1621         if not chapter_lines:
1622             return None
1623         chapters = []
1624         for next_num, (chapter_line, time_point) in enumerate(
1625                 chapter_lines, start=1):
1626             start_time = parse_duration(time_point)
1627             if start_time is None:
1628                 continue
1629             if start_time > duration:
1630                 break
1631             end_time = (duration if next_num == len(chapter_lines)
1632                         else parse_duration(chapter_lines[next_num][1]))
1633             if end_time is None:
1634                 continue
1635             if end_time > duration:
1636                 end_time = duration
1637             if start_time > end_time:
1638                 break
1639             chapter_title = re.sub(
1640                 r'<a[^>]+>[^<]+</a>', '', chapter_line).strip(' \t-')
1641             chapter_title = re.sub(r'\s+', ' ', chapter_title)
1642             chapters.append({
1643                 'start_time': start_time,
1644                 'end_time': end_time,
1645                 'title': chapter_title,
1646             })
1647         return chapters
1648
1649     def _real_extract(self, url):
1650         url, smuggled_data = unsmuggle_url(url, {})
1651
1652         proto = (
1653             'http' if self._downloader.params.get('prefer_insecure', False)
1654             else 'https')
1655
1656         start_time = None
1657         end_time = None
1658         parsed_url = compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(url)
1659         for component in [parsed_url.fragment, parsed_url.query]:
1660             query = compat_parse_qs(component)
1661             if start_time is None and 't' in query:
1662                 start_time = parse_duration(query['t'][0])
1663             if start_time is None and 'start' in query:
1664                 start_time = parse_duration(query['start'][0])
1665             if end_time is None and 'end' in query:
1666                 end_time = parse_duration(query['end'][0])
1667
1668         # Extract original video URL from URL with redirection, like age verification, using next_url parameter
1669         mobj = re.search(self._NEXT_URL_RE, url)
1670         if mobj:
1671             url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/' + compat_urllib_parse_unquote(mobj.group(1)).lstrip('/')
1672         video_id = self.extract_id(url)
1673
1674         # Get video webpage
1675         url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s&gl=US&hl=en&has_verified=1&bpctr=9999999999' % video_id
1676         video_webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
1677
1678         # Attempt to extract SWF player URL
1679         mobj = re.search(r'swfConfig.*?"(https?:\\/\\/.*?watch.*?-.*?\.swf)"', video_webpage)
1680         if mobj is not None:
1681             player_url = re.sub(r'\\(.)', r'\1', mobj.group(1))
1682         else:
1683             player_url = None
1684
1685         dash_mpds = []
1686
1687         def add_dash_mpd(video_info):
1688             dash_mpd = video_info.get('dashmpd')
1689             if dash_mpd and dash_mpd[0] not in dash_mpds:
1690                 dash_mpds.append(dash_mpd[0])
1691
1692         def add_dash_mpd_pr(pl_response):
1693             dash_mpd = url_or_none(try_get(
1694                 pl_response, lambda x: x['streamingData']['dashManifestUrl'],
1695                 compat_str))
1696             if dash_mpd and dash_mpd not in dash_mpds:
1697                 dash_mpds.append(dash_mpd)
1698
1699         is_live = None
1700         view_count = None
1701
1702         def extract_view_count(v_info):
1703             return int_or_none(try_get(v_info, lambda x: x['view_count'][0]))
1704
1705         def extract_token(v_info):
1706             return dict_get(v_info, ('account_playback_token', 'accountPlaybackToken', 'token'))
1707
1708         def extract_player_response(player_response, video_id):
1709             pl_response = str_or_none(player_response)
1710             if not pl_response:
1711                 return
1712             pl_response = self._parse_json(pl_response, video_id, fatal=False)
1713             if isinstance(pl_response, dict):
1714                 add_dash_mpd_pr(pl_response)
1715                 return pl_response
1716
1717         player_response = {}
1718
1719         # Get video info
1720         embed_webpage = None
1721         if re.search(r'player-age-gate-content">', video_webpage) is not None:
1722             age_gate = True
1723             # We simulate the access to the video from www.youtube.com/v/{video_id}
1724             # this can be viewed without login into Youtube
1725             url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/embed/%s' % video_id
1726             embed_webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id, 'Downloading embed webpage')
1727             data = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
1728                 'video_id': video_id,
1729                 'eurl': 'https://youtube.googleapis.com/v/' + video_id,
1730                 'sts': self._search_regex(
1731                     r'"sts"\s*:\s*(\d+)', embed_webpage, 'sts', default=''),
1732             })
1733             video_info_url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/get_video_info?' + data
1734             video_info_webpage = self._download_webpage(
1735                 video_info_url, video_id,
1736                 note='Refetching age-gated info webpage',
1737                 errnote='unable to download video info webpage')
1738             video_info = compat_parse_qs(video_info_webpage)
1739             pl_response = video_info.get('player_response', [None])[0]
1740             player_response = extract_player_response(pl_response, video_id)
1741             add_dash_mpd(video_info)
1742             view_count = extract_view_count(video_info)
1743         else:
1744             age_gate = False
1745             video_info = None
1746             sts = None
1747             # Try looking directly into the video webpage
1748             ytplayer_config = self._get_ytplayer_config(video_id, video_webpage)
1749             if ytplayer_config:
1750                 args = ytplayer_config['args']
1751                 if args.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map') or args.get('hlsvp'):
1752                     # Convert to the same format returned by compat_parse_qs
1753                     video_info = dict((k, [v]) for k, v in args.items())
1754                     add_dash_mpd(video_info)
1755                 # Rental video is not rented but preview is available (e.g.
1756                 # https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yYr8q0y5Jfg,
1757                 # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/10532)
1758                 if not video_info and args.get('ypc_vid'):
1759                     return self.url_result(
1760                         args['ypc_vid'], YoutubeIE.ie_key(), video_id=args['ypc_vid'])
1761                 if args.get('livestream') == '1' or args.get('live_playback') == 1:
1762                     is_live = True
1763                 sts = ytplayer_config.get('sts')
1764                 if not player_response:
1765                     player_response = extract_player_response(args.get('player_response'), video_id)
1766             if not video_info or self._downloader.params.get('youtube_include_dash_manifest', True):
1767                 add_dash_mpd_pr(player_response)
1768                 # We also try looking in get_video_info since it may contain different dashmpd
1769                 # URL that points to a DASH manifest with possibly different itag set (some itags
1770                 # are missing from DASH manifest pointed by webpage's dashmpd, some - from DASH
1771                 # manifest pointed by get_video_info's dashmpd).
1772                 # The general idea is to take a union of itags of both DASH manifests (for example
1773                 # video with such 'manifest behavior' see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/6093)
1774                 self.report_video_info_webpage_download(video_id)
1775                 for el in ('embedded', 'detailpage', 'vevo', ''):
1776                     query = {
1777                         'video_id': video_id,
1778                         'ps': 'default',
1779                         'eurl': '',
1780                         'gl': 'US',
1781                         'hl': 'en',
1782                     }
1783                     if el:
1784                         query['el'] = el
1785                     if sts:
1786                         query['sts'] = sts
1787                     video_info_webpage = self._download_webpage(
1788                         '%s://www.youtube.com/get_video_info' % proto,
1789                         video_id, note=False,
1790                         errnote='unable to download video info webpage',
1791                         fatal=False, query=query)
1792                     if not video_info_webpage:
1793                         continue
1794                     get_video_info = compat_parse_qs(video_info_webpage)
1795                     if not player_response:
1796                         pl_response = get_video_info.get('player_response', [None])[0]
1797                         player_response = extract_player_response(pl_response, video_id)
1798                     add_dash_mpd(get_video_info)
1799                     if view_count is None:
1800                         view_count = extract_view_count(get_video_info)
1801                     if not video_info:
1802                         video_info = get_video_info
1803                     get_token = extract_token(get_video_info)
1804                     if get_token:
1805                         # Different get_video_info requests may report different results, e.g.
1806                         # some may report video unavailability, but some may serve it without
1807                         # any complaint (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7362,
1808                         # the original webpage as well as el=info and el=embedded get_video_info
1809                         # requests report video unavailability due to geo restriction while
1810                         # el=detailpage succeeds and returns valid data). This is probably
1811                         # due to YouTube measures against IP ranges of hosting providers.
1812                         # Working around by preferring the first succeeded video_info containing
1813                         # the token if no such video_info yet was found.
1814                         token = extract_token(video_info)
1815                         if not token:
1816                             video_info = get_video_info
1817                         break
1818
1819         def extract_unavailable_message():
1820             messages = []
1821             for tag, kind in (('h1', 'message'), ('div', 'submessage')):
1822                 msg = self._html_search_regex(
1823                     r'(?s)<{tag}[^>]+id=["\']unavailable-{kind}["\'][^>]*>(.+?)</{tag}>'.format(tag=tag, kind=kind),
1824                     video_webpage, 'unavailable %s' % kind, default=None)
1825                 if msg:
1826                     messages.append(msg)
1827             if messages:
1828                 return '\n'.join(messages)
1829
1830         if not video_info:
1831             unavailable_message = extract_unavailable_message()
1832             if not unavailable_message:
1833                 unavailable_message = 'Unable to extract video data'
1834             raise ExtractorError(
1835                 'YouTube said: %s' % unavailable_message, expected=True, video_id=video_id)
1836
1837         video_details = try_get(
1838             player_response, lambda x: x['videoDetails'], dict) or {}
1839
1840         video_title = video_info.get('title', [None])[0] or video_details.get('title')
1841         if not video_title:
1842             self._downloader.report_warning('Unable to extract video title')
1843             video_title = '_'
1844
1845         description_original = video_description = get_element_by_id("eow-description", video_webpage)
1846         if video_description:
1847
1848             def replace_url(m):
1849                 redir_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin(url, m.group(1))
1850                 parsed_redir_url = compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(redir_url)
1851                 if re.search(r'^(?:www\.)?(?:youtube(?:-nocookie)?\.com|youtu\.be)$', parsed_redir_url.netloc) and parsed_redir_url.path == '/redirect':
1852                     qs = compat_parse_qs(parsed_redir_url.query)
1853                     q = qs.get('q')
1854                     if q and q[0]:
1855                         return q[0]
1856                 return redir_url
1857
1858             description_original = video_description = re.sub(r'''(?x)
1859                 <a\s+
1860                     (?:[a-zA-Z-]+="[^"]*"\s+)*?
1861                     (?:title|href)="([^"]+)"\s+
1862                     (?:[a-zA-Z-]+="[^"]*"\s+)*?
1863                     class="[^"]*"[^>]*>
1864                 [^<]+\.{3}\s*
1865                 </a>
1866             ''', replace_url, video_description)
1867             video_description = clean_html(video_description)
1868         else:
1869             video_description = self._html_search_meta('description', video_webpage) or video_details.get('shortDescription')
1870
1871         if not smuggled_data.get('force_singlefeed', False):
1872             if not self._downloader.params.get('noplaylist'):
1873                 multifeed_metadata_list = try_get(
1874                     player_response,
1875                     lambda x: x['multicamera']['playerLegacyMulticameraRenderer']['metadataList'],
1876                     compat_str) or try_get(
1877                     video_info, lambda x: x['multifeed_metadata_list'][0], compat_str)
1878                 if multifeed_metadata_list:
1879                     entries = []
1880                     feed_ids = []
1881                     for feed in multifeed_metadata_list.split(','):
1882                         # Unquote should take place before split on comma (,) since textual
1883                         # fields may contain comma as well (see
1884                         # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8536)
1885                         feed_data = compat_parse_qs(compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(feed))
1886                         entries.append({
1887                             '_type': 'url_transparent',
1888                             'ie_key': 'Youtube',
1889                             'url': smuggle_url(
1890                                 '%s://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s' % (proto, feed_data['id'][0]),
1891                                 {'force_singlefeed': True}),
1892                             'title': '%s (%s)' % (video_title, feed_data['title'][0]),
1893                         })
1894                         feed_ids.append(feed_data['id'][0])
1895                     self.to_screen(
1896                         'Downloading multifeed video (%s) - add --no-playlist to just download video %s'
1897                         % (', '.join(feed_ids), video_id))
1898                     return self.playlist_result(entries, video_id, video_title, video_description)
1899             else:
1900                 self.to_screen('Downloading just video %s because of --no-playlist' % video_id)
1901
1902         if view_count is None:
1903             view_count = extract_view_count(video_info)
1904         if view_count is None and video_details:
1905             view_count = int_or_none(video_details.get('viewCount'))
1906
1907         if is_live is None:
1908             is_live = bool_or_none(video_details.get('isLive'))
1909
1910         # Check for "rental" videos
1911         if 'ypc_video_rental_bar_text' in video_info and 'author' not in video_info:
1912             raise ExtractorError('"rental" videos not supported. See https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/359 for more information.', expected=True)
1913
1914         def _extract_filesize(media_url):
1915             return int_or_none(self._search_regex(
1916                 r'\bclen[=/](\d+)', media_url, 'filesize', default=None))
1917
1918         streaming_formats = try_get(player_response, lambda x: x['streamingData']['formats'], list) or []
1919         streaming_formats.extend(try_get(player_response, lambda x: x['streamingData']['adaptiveFormats'], list) or [])
1920
1921         if 'conn' in video_info and video_info['conn'][0].startswith('rtmp'):
1922             self.report_rtmp_download()
1923             formats = [{
1924                 'format_id': '_rtmp',
1925                 'protocol': 'rtmp',
1926                 'url': video_info['conn'][0],
1927                 'player_url': player_url,
1928             }]
1929         elif not is_live and (streaming_formats or len(video_info.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map', [''])[0]) >= 1 or len(video_info.get('adaptive_fmts', [''])[0]) >= 1):
1930             encoded_url_map = video_info.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map', [''])[0] + ',' + video_info.get('adaptive_fmts', [''])[0]
1931             if 'rtmpe%3Dyes' in encoded_url_map:
1932                 raise ExtractorError('rtmpe downloads are not supported, see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/343 for more information.', expected=True)
1933             formats = []
1934             formats_spec = {}
1935             fmt_list = video_info.get('fmt_list', [''])[0]
1936             if fmt_list:
1937                 for fmt in fmt_list.split(','):
1938                     spec = fmt.split('/')
1939                     if len(spec) > 1:
1940                         width_height = spec[1].split('x')
1941                         if len(width_height) == 2:
1942                             formats_spec[spec[0]] = {
1943                                 'resolution': spec[1],
1944                                 'width': int_or_none(width_height[0]),
1945                                 'height': int_or_none(width_height[1]),
1946                             }
1947             q = qualities(['small', 'medium', 'hd720'])
1948             for fmt in streaming_formats:
1949                 itag = str_or_none(fmt.get('itag'))
1950                 if not itag:
1951                     continue
1952                 quality = fmt.get('quality')
1953                 quality_label = fmt.get('qualityLabel') or quality
1954                 formats_spec[itag] = {
1955                     'asr': int_or_none(fmt.get('audioSampleRate')),
1956                     'filesize': int_or_none(fmt.get('contentLength')),
1957                     'format_note': quality_label,
1958                     'fps': int_or_none(fmt.get('fps')),
1959                     'height': int_or_none(fmt.get('height')),
1960                     'quality': q(quality),
1961                     # bitrate for itag 43 is always 2147483647
1962                     'tbr': float_or_none(fmt.get('averageBitrate') or fmt.get('bitrate'), 1000) if itag != '43' else None,
1963                     'width': int_or_none(fmt.get('width')),
1964                 }
1965
1966             for fmt in streaming_formats:
1967                 if fmt.get('drm_families'):
1968                     continue
1969                 url = url_or_none(fmt.get('url'))
1970
1971                 if not url:
1972                     cipher = fmt.get('cipher')
1973                     if not cipher:
1974                         continue
1975                     url_data = compat_parse_qs(cipher)
1976                     url = url_or_none(try_get(url_data, lambda x: x['url'][0], compat_str))
1977                     if not url:
1978                         continue
1979                 else:
1980                     cipher = None
1981                     url_data = compat_parse_qs(compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(url).query)
1982
1983                 stream_type = int_or_none(try_get(url_data, lambda x: x['stream_type'][0]))
1984                 # Unsupported FORMAT_STREAM_TYPE_OTF
1985                 if stream_type == 3:
1986                     continue
1987
1988                 format_id = fmt.get('itag') or url_data['itag'][0]
1989                 if not format_id:
1990                     continue
1991                 format_id = compat_str(format_id)
1992
1993                 if cipher:
1994                     if 's' in url_data or self._downloader.params.get('youtube_include_dash_manifest', True):
1995                         ASSETS_RE = r'"assets":.+?"js":\s*("[^"]+")'
1996                         jsplayer_url_json = self._search_regex(
1997                             ASSETS_RE,
1998                             embed_webpage if age_gate else video_webpage,
1999                             'JS player URL (1)', default=None)
2000                         if not jsplayer_url_json and not age_gate:
2001                             # We need the embed website after all
2002                             if embed_webpage is None:
2003                                 embed_url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/embed/%s' % video_id
2004                                 embed_webpage = self._download_webpage(
2005                                     embed_url, video_id, 'Downloading embed webpage')
2006                             jsplayer_url_json = self._search_regex(
2007                                 ASSETS_RE, embed_webpage, 'JS player URL')
2008
2009                         player_url = json.loads(jsplayer_url_json)
2010                         if player_url is None:
2011                             player_url_json = self._search_regex(
2012                                 r'ytplayer\.config.*?"url"\s*:\s*("[^"]+")',
2013                                 video_webpage, 'age gate player URL')
2014                             player_url = json.loads(player_url_json)
2015
2016                     if 'sig' in url_data:
2017                         url += '&signature=' + url_data['sig'][0]
2018                     elif 's' in url_data:
2019                         encrypted_sig = url_data['s'][0]
2020
2021                         if self._downloader.params.get('verbose'):
2022                             if player_url is None:
2023                                 player_version = 'unknown'
2024                                 player_desc = 'unknown'
2025                             else:
2026                                 if player_url.endswith('swf'):
2027                                     player_version = self._search_regex(
2028                                         r'-(.+?)(?:/watch_as3)?\.swf$', player_url,
2029                                         'flash player', fatal=False)
2030                                     player_desc = 'flash player %s' % player_version
2031                                 else:
2032                                     player_version = self._search_regex(
2033                                         [r'html5player-([^/]+?)(?:/html5player(?:-new)?)?\.js',
2034                                          r'(?:www|player(?:_ias)?)-([^/]+)(?:/[a-z]{2,3}_[A-Z]{2})?/base\.js'],
2035                                         player_url,
2036                                         'html5 player', fatal=False)
2037                                     player_desc = 'html5 player %s' % player_version
2038
2039                             parts_sizes = self._signature_cache_id(encrypted_sig)
2040                             self.to_screen('{%s} signature length %s, %s' %
2041                                            (format_id, parts_sizes, player_desc))
2042
2043                         signature = self._decrypt_signature(
2044                             encrypted_sig, video_id, player_url, age_gate)
2045                         sp = try_get(url_data, lambda x: x['sp'][0], compat_str) or 'signature'
2046                         url += '&%s=%s' % (sp, signature)
2047                 if 'ratebypass' not in url:
2048                     url += '&ratebypass=yes'
2049
2050                 dct = {
2051                     'format_id': format_id,
2052                     'url': url,
2053                     'player_url': player_url,
2054                 }
2055                 if format_id in self._formats:
2056                     dct.update(self._formats[format_id])
2057                 if format_id in formats_spec:
2058                     dct.update(formats_spec[format_id])
2059
2060                 # Some itags are not included in DASH manifest thus corresponding formats will
2061                 # lack metadata (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/5993).
2062                 # Trying to extract metadata from url_encoded_fmt_stream_map entry.
2063                 mobj = re.search(r'^(?P<width>\d+)[xX](?P<height>\d+)$', url_data.get('size', [''])[0])
2064                 width, height = (int(mobj.group('width')), int(mobj.group('height'))) if mobj else (None, None)
2065
2066                 if width is None:
2067                     width = int_or_none(fmt.get('width'))
2068                 if height is None:
2069                     height = int_or_none(fmt.get('height'))
2070
2071                 filesize = int_or_none(url_data.get(
2072                     'clen', [None])[0]) or _extract_filesize(url)
2073
2074                 quality = url_data.get('quality', [None])[0] or fmt.get('quality')
2075                 quality_label = url_data.get('quality_label', [None])[0] or fmt.get('qualityLabel')
2076
2077                 tbr = float_or_none(url_data.get('bitrate', [None])[0], 1000) or float_or_none(fmt.get('bitrate'), 1000)
2078                 fps = int_or_none(url_data.get('fps', [None])[0]) or int_or_none(fmt.get('fps'))
2079
2080                 more_fields = {
2081                     'filesize': filesize,
2082                     'tbr': tbr,
2083                     'width': width,
2084                     'height': height,
2085                     'fps': fps,
2086                     'format_note': quality_label or quality,
2087                     'quality': q(quality),
2088                 }
2089                 for key, value in more_fields.items():
2090                     if value:
2091                         dct[key] = value
2092                 type_ = url_data.get('type', [None])[0] or fmt.get('mimeType')
2093                 if type_:
2094                     type_split = type_.split(';')
2095                     kind_ext = type_split[0].split('/')
2096                     if len(kind_ext) == 2:
2097                         kind, _ = kind_ext
2098                         dct['ext'] = mimetype2ext(type_split[0])
2099                         if kind in ('audio', 'video'):
2100                             codecs = None
2101                             for mobj in re.finditer(
2102                                     r'(?P<key>[a-zA-Z_-]+)=(?P<quote>["\']?)(?P<val>.+?)(?P=quote)(?:;|$)', type_):
2103                                 if mobj.group('key') == 'codecs':
2104                                     codecs = mobj.group('val')
2105                                     break
2106                             if codecs:
2107                                 dct.update(parse_codecs(codecs))
2108                 if dct.get('acodec') == 'none' or dct.get('vcodec') == 'none':
2109                     dct['downloader_options'] = {
2110                         # Youtube throttles chunks >~10M
2111                         'http_chunk_size': 10485760,
2112                     }
2113                 formats.append(dct)
2114         else:
2115             manifest_url = (
2116                 url_or_none(try_get(
2117                     player_response,
2118                     lambda x: x['streamingData']['hlsManifestUrl'],
2119                     compat_str))
2120                 or url_or_none(try_get(
2121                     video_info, lambda x: x['hlsvp'][0], compat_str)))
2122             if manifest_url:
2123                 formats = []
2124                 m3u8_formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
2125                     manifest_url, video_id, 'mp4', fatal=False)
2126                 for a_format in m3u8_formats:
2127                     itag = self._search_regex(
2128                         r'/itag/(\d+)/', a_format['url'], 'itag', default=None)
2129                     if itag:
2130                         a_format['format_id'] = itag
2131                         if itag in self._formats:
2132                             dct = self._formats[itag].copy()
2133                             dct.update(a_format)
2134                             a_format = dct
2135                     a_format['player_url'] = player_url
2136                     # Accept-Encoding header causes failures in live streams on Youtube and Youtube Gaming
2137                     a_format.setdefault('http_headers', {})['Youtubedl-no-compression'] = 'True'
2138                     formats.append(a_format)
2139             else:
2140                 error_message = extract_unavailable_message()
2141                 if not error_message:
2142                     error_message = clean_html(try_get(
2143                         player_response, lambda x: x['playabilityStatus']['reason'],
2144                         compat_str))
2145                 if not error_message:
2146                     error_message = clean_html(
2147                         try_get(video_info, lambda x: x['reason'][0], compat_str))
2148                 if error_message:
2149                     raise ExtractorError(error_message, expected=True)
2150                 raise ExtractorError('no conn, hlsvp, hlsManifestUrl or url_encoded_fmt_stream_map information found in video info')
2151
2152         # uploader
2153         video_uploader = try_get(
2154             video_info, lambda x: x['author'][0],
2155             compat_str) or str_or_none(video_details.get('author'))
2156         if video_uploader:
2157             video_uploader = compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(video_uploader)
2158         else:
2159             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to extract uploader name')
2160
2161         # uploader_id
2162         video_uploader_id = None
2163         video_uploader_url = None
2164         mobj = re.search(
2165             r'<link itemprop="url" href="(?P<uploader_url>https?://www\.youtube\.com/(?:user|channel)/(?P<uploader_id>[^"]+))">',
2166             video_webpage)
2167         if mobj is not None:
2168             video_uploader_id = mobj.group('uploader_id')
2169             video_uploader_url = mobj.group('uploader_url')
2170         else:
2171             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to extract uploader nickname')
2172
2173         channel_id = (
2174             str_or_none(video_details.get('channelId'))
2175             or self._html_search_meta(
2176                 'channelId', video_webpage, 'channel id', default=None)
2177             or self._search_regex(
2178                 r'data-channel-external-id=(["\'])(?P<id>(?:(?!\1).)+)\1',
2179                 video_webpage, 'channel id', default=None, group='id'))
2180         channel_url = 'http://www.youtube.com/channel/%s' % channel_id if channel_id else None
2181
2182         # thumbnail image
2183         # We try first to get a high quality image:
2184         m_thumb = re.search(r'<span itemprop="thumbnail".*?href="(.*?)">',
2185                             video_webpage, re.DOTALL)
2186         if m_thumb is not None:
2187             video_thumbnail = m_thumb.group(1)
2188         elif 'thumbnail_url' not in video_info:
2189             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to extract video thumbnail')
2190             video_thumbnail = None
2191         else:   # don't panic if we can't find it
2192             video_thumbnail = compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(video_info['thumbnail_url'][0])
2193
2194         # upload date
2195         upload_date = self._html_search_meta(
2196             'datePublished', video_webpage, 'upload date', default=None)
2197         if not upload_date:
2198             upload_date = self._search_regex(
2199                 [r'(?s)id="eow-date.*?>(.*?)</span>',
2200                  r'(?:id="watch-uploader-info".*?>.*?|["\']simpleText["\']\s*:\s*["\'])(?:Published|Uploaded|Streamed live|Started) on (.+?)[<"\']'],
2201                 video_webpage, 'upload date', default=None)
2202         upload_date = unified_strdate(upload_date)
2203
2204         video_license = self._html_search_regex(
2205             r'<h4[^>]+class="title"[^>]*>\s*License\s*</h4>\s*<ul[^>]*>\s*<li>(.+?)</li',
2206             video_webpage, 'license', default=None)
2207
2208         m_music = re.search(
2209             r'''(?x)
2210                 <h4[^>]+class="title"[^>]*>\s*Music\s*</h4>\s*
2211                 <ul[^>]*>\s*
2212                 <li>(?P<title>.+?)
2213                 by (?P<creator>.+?)
2214                 (?:
2215                     \(.+?\)|
2216                     <a[^>]*
2217                         (?:
2218                             \bhref=["\']/red[^>]*>|             # drop possible
2219                             >\s*Listen ad-free with YouTube Red # YouTube Red ad
2220                         )
2221                     .*?
2222                 )?</li
2223             ''',
2224             video_webpage)
2225         if m_music:
2226             video_alt_title = remove_quotes(unescapeHTML(m_music.group('title')))
2227             video_creator = clean_html(m_music.group('creator'))
2228         else:
2229             video_alt_title = video_creator = None
2230
2231         def extract_meta(field):
2232             return self._html_search_regex(
2233                 r'<h4[^>]+class="title"[^>]*>\s*%s\s*</h4>\s*<ul[^>]*>\s*<li>(.+?)</li>\s*' % field,
2234                 video_webpage, field, default=None)
2235
2236         track = extract_meta('Song')
2237         artist = extract_meta('Artist')
2238         album = extract_meta('Album')
2239
2240         # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
2241         release_date = release_year = None
2242         if video_description:
2243             mobj = re.search(r'(?s)Provided to YouTube by [^\n]+\n+(?P<track>[^·]+)·(?P<artist>[^\n]+)\n+(?P<album>[^\n]+)(?:.+?℗\s*(?P<release_year>\d{4})(?!\d))?(?:.+?Released on\s*:\s*(?P<release_date>\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}))?(.+?\nArtist\s*:\s*(?P<clean_artist>[^\n]+))?', video_description)
2244             if mobj:
2245                 if not track:
2246                     track = mobj.group('track').strip()
2247                 if not artist:
2248                     artist = mobj.group('clean_artist') or ', '.join(a.strip() for a in mobj.group('artist').split('·'))
2249                 if not album:
2250                     album = mobj.group('album'.strip())
2251                 release_year = mobj.group('release_year')
2252                 release_date = mobj.group('release_date')
2253                 if release_date:
2254                     release_date = release_date.replace('-', '')
2255                     if not release_year:
2256                         release_year = int(release_date[:4])
2257                 if release_year:
2258                     release_year = int(release_year)
2259
2260         m_episode = re.search(
2261             r'<div[^>]+id="watch7-headline"[^>]*>\s*<span[^>]*>.*?>(?P<series>[^<]+)</a></b>\s*S(?P<season>\d+)\s*•\s*E(?P<episode>\d+)</span>',
2262             video_webpage)
2263         if m_episode:
2264             series = unescapeHTML(m_episode.group('series'))
2265             season_number = int(m_episode.group('season'))
2266             episode_number = int(m_episode.group('episode'))
2267         else:
2268             series = season_number = episode_number = None
2269
2270         m_cat_container = self._search_regex(
2271             r'(?s)<h4[^>]*>\s*Category\s*</h4>\s*<ul[^>]*>(.*?)</ul>',
2272             video_webpage, 'categories', default=None)
2273         if m_cat_container:
2274             category = self._html_search_regex(
2275                 r'(?s)<a[^<]+>(.*?)</a>', m_cat_container, 'category',
2276                 default=None)
2277             video_categories = None if category is None else [category]
2278         else:
2279             video_categories = None
2280
2281         video_tags = [
2282             unescapeHTML(m.group('content'))
2283             for m in re.finditer(self._meta_regex('og:video:tag'), video_webpage)]
2284
2285         def _extract_count(count_name):
2286             return str_to_int(self._search_regex(
2287                 r'-%s-button[^>]+><span[^>]+class="yt-uix-button-content"[^>]*>([\d,]+)</span>'
2288                 % re.escape(count_name),
2289                 video_webpage, count_name, default=None))
2290
2291         like_count = _extract_count('like')
2292         dislike_count = _extract_count('dislike')
2293
2294         if view_count is None:
2295             view_count = str_to_int(self._search_regex(
2296                 r'<[^>]+class=["\']watch-view-count[^>]+>\s*([\d,\s]+)', video_webpage,
2297                 'view count', default=None))
2298
2299         average_rating = (
2300             float_or_none(video_details.get('averageRating'))
2301             or try_get(video_info, lambda x: float_or_none(x['avg_rating'][0])))
2302
2303         # subtitles
2304         video_subtitles = self.extract_subtitles(video_id, video_webpage)
2305         automatic_captions = self.extract_automatic_captions(video_id, video_webpage)
2306
2307         video_duration = try_get(
2308             video_info, lambda x: int_or_none(x['length_seconds'][0]))
2309         if not video_duration:
2310             video_duration = int_or_none(video_details.get('lengthSeconds'))
2311         if not video_duration:
2312             video_duration = parse_duration(self._html_search_meta(
2313                 'duration', video_webpage, 'video duration'))
2314
2315         # annotations
2316         video_annotations = None
2317         if self._downloader.params.get('writeannotations', False):
2318             xsrf_token = self._search_regex(
2319                 r'([\'"])XSRF_TOKEN\1\s*:\s*([\'"])(?P<xsrf_token>[A-Za-z0-9+/=]+)\2',
2320                 video_webpage, 'xsrf token', group='xsrf_token', fatal=False)
2321             invideo_url = try_get(
2322                 player_response, lambda x: x['annotations'][0]['playerAnnotationsUrlsRenderer']['invideoUrl'], compat_str)
2323             if xsrf_token and invideo_url:
2324                 xsrf_field_name = self._search_regex(
2325                     r'([\'"])XSRF_FIELD_NAME\1\s*:\s*([\'"])(?P<xsrf_field_name>\w+)\2',
2326                     video_webpage, 'xsrf field name',
2327                     group='xsrf_field_name', default='session_token')
2328                 video_annotations = self._download_webpage(
2329                     self._proto_relative_url(invideo_url),
2330                     video_id, note='Downloading annotations',
2331                     errnote='Unable to download video annotations', fatal=False,
2332                     data=urlencode_postdata({xsrf_field_name: xsrf_token}))
2333
2334         chapters = self._extract_chapters(description_original, video_duration)
2335
2336         # Look for the DASH manifest
2337         if self._downloader.params.get('youtube_include_dash_manifest', True):
2338             dash_mpd_fatal = True
2339             for mpd_url in dash_mpds:
2340                 dash_formats = {}
2341                 try:
2342                     def decrypt_sig(mobj):
2343                         s = mobj.group(1)
2344                         dec_s = self._decrypt_signature(s, video_id, player_url, age_gate)
2345                         return '/signature/%s' % dec_s
2346
2347                     mpd_url = re.sub(r'/s/([a-fA-F0-9\.]+)', decrypt_sig, mpd_url)
2348
2349                     for df in self._extract_mpd_formats(
2350                             mpd_url, video_id, fatal=dash_mpd_fatal,
2351                             formats_dict=self._formats):
2352                         if not df.get('filesize'):
2353                             df['filesize'] = _extract_filesize(df['url'])
2354                         # Do not overwrite DASH format found in some previous DASH manifest
2355                         if df['format_id'] not in dash_formats:
2356                             dash_formats[df['format_id']] = df
2357                         # Additional DASH manifests may end up in HTTP Error 403 therefore
2358                         # allow them to fail without bug report message if we already have
2359                         # some DASH manifest succeeded. This is temporary workaround to reduce
2360                         # burst of bug reports until we figure out the reason and whether it
2361                         # can be fixed at all.
2362                         dash_mpd_fatal = False
2363                 except (ExtractorError, KeyError) as e:
2364                     self.report_warning(
2365                         'Skipping DASH manifest: %r' % e, video_id)
2366                 if dash_formats:
2367                     # Remove the formats we found through non-DASH, they
2368                     # contain less info and it can be wrong, because we use
2369                     # fixed values (for example the resolution). See
2370                     # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/5774 for an
2371                     # example.
2372                     formats = [f for f in formats if f['format_id'] not in dash_formats.keys()]
2373                     formats.extend(dash_formats.values())
2374
2375         # Check for malformed aspect ratio
2376         stretched_m = re.search(
2377             r'<meta\s+property="og:video:tag".*?content="yt:stretch=(?P<w>[0-9]+):(?P<h>[0-9]+)">',
2378             video_webpage)
2379         if stretched_m:
2380             w = float(stretched_m.group('w'))
2381             h = float(stretched_m.group('h'))
2382             # yt:stretch may hold invalid ratio data (e.g. for Q39EVAstoRM ratio is 17:0).
2383             # We will only process correct ratios.
2384             if w > 0 and h > 0:
2385                 ratio = w / h
2386                 for f in formats:
2387                     if f.get('vcodec') != 'none':
2388                         f['stretched_ratio'] = ratio
2389
2390         if not formats:
2391             token = extract_token(video_info)
2392             if not token:
2393                 if 'reason' in video_info:
2394                     if 'The uploader has not made this video available in your country.' in video_info['reason']:
2395                         regions_allowed = self._html_search_meta(
2396                             'regionsAllowed', video_webpage, default=None)
2397                         countries = regions_allowed.split(',') if regions_allowed else None
2398                         self.raise_geo_restricted(
2399                             msg=video_info['reason'][0], countries=countries)
2400                     reason = video_info['reason'][0]
2401                     if 'Invalid parameters' in reason:
2402                         unavailable_message = extract_unavailable_message()
2403                         if unavailable_message:
2404                             reason = unavailable_message
2405                     raise ExtractorError(
2406                         'YouTube said: %s' % reason,
2407                         expected=True, video_id=video_id)
2408                 else:
2409                     raise ExtractorError(
2410                         '"token" parameter not in video info for unknown reason',
2411                         video_id=video_id)
2412
2413         if not formats and (video_info.get('license_info') or try_get(player_response, lambda x: x['streamingData']['licenseInfos'])):
2414             raise ExtractorError('This video is DRM protected.', expected=True)
2415
2416         self._sort_formats(formats)
2417
2418         self.mark_watched(video_id, video_info, player_response)
2419
2420         return {
2421             'id': video_id,
2422             'uploader': video_uploader,
2423             'uploader_id': video_uploader_id,
2424             'uploader_url': video_uploader_url,
2425             'channel_id': channel_id,
2426             'channel_url': channel_url,
2427             'upload_date': upload_date,
2428             'license': video_license,
2429             'creator': video_creator or artist,
2430             'title': video_title,
2431             'alt_title': video_alt_title or track,
2432             'thumbnail': video_thumbnail,
2433             'description': video_description,
2434             'categories': video_categories,
2435             'tags': video_tags,
2436             'subtitles': video_subtitles,
2437             'automatic_captions': automatic_captions,
2438             'duration': video_duration,
2439             'age_limit': 18 if age_gate else 0,
2440             'annotations': video_annotations,
2441             'chapters': chapters,
2442             'webpage_url': proto + '://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s' % video_id,
2443             'view_count': view_count,
2444             'like_count': like_count,
2445             'dislike_count': dislike_count,
2446             'average_rating': average_rating,
2447             'formats': formats,
2448             'is_live': is_live,
2449             'start_time': start_time,
2450             'end_time': end_time,
2451             'series': series,
2452             'season_number': season_number,
2453             'episode_number': episode_number,
2454             'track': track,
2455             'artist': artist,
2456             'album': album,
2457             'release_date': release_date,
2458             'release_year': release_year,
2459         }
2460
2461
2462 class YoutubePlaylistIE(YoutubePlaylistBaseInfoExtractor):
2463     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com playlists'
2464     _VALID_URL = r"""(?x)(?:
2465                         (?:https?://)?
2466                         (?:\w+\.)?
2467                         (?:
2468                             (?:
2469                                 youtube\.com|
2470                                 invidio\.us
2471                             )
2472                             /
2473                             (?:
2474                                (?:course|view_play_list|my_playlists|artist|playlist|watch|embed/(?:videoseries|[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}))
2475                                \? (?:.*?[&;])*? (?:p|a|list)=
2476                             |  p/
2477                             )|
2478                             youtu\.be/[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}\?.*?\blist=
2479                         )
2480                         (
2481                             (?:PL|LL|EC|UU|FL|RD|UL|TL|OLAK5uy_)?[0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,}
2482                             # Top tracks, they can also include dots
2483                             |(?:MC)[\w\.]*
2484                         )
2485                         .*
2486                      |
2487                         (%(playlist_id)s)
2488                      )""" % {'playlist_id': YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._PLAYLIST_ID_RE}
2489     _TEMPLATE_URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=%s'
2490     _VIDEO_RE_TPL = r'href="\s*/watch\?v=%s(?:&amp;(?:[^"]*?index=(?P<index>\d+))?(?:[^>]+>(?P<title>[^<]+))?)?'
2491     _VIDEO_RE = _VIDEO_RE_TPL % r'(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})'
2492     IE_NAME = 'youtube:playlist'
2493     _TESTS = [{
2494         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re',
2495         'info_dict': {
2496             'title': 'ytdl test PL',
2497             'id': 'PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re',
2498         },
2499         'playlist_count': 3,
2500     }, {
2501         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLtPgu7CB4gbZDA7i_euNxn75ISqxwZPYx',
2502         'info_dict': {
2503             'id': 'PLtPgu7CB4gbZDA7i_euNxn75ISqxwZPYx',
2504             'title': 'YDL_Empty_List',
2505         },
2506         'playlist_count': 0,
2507         'skip': 'This playlist is private',
2508     }, {
2509         'note': 'Playlist with deleted videos (#651). As a bonus, the video #51 is also twice in this list.',
2510         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwP_SiAcdui0KVebT0mU9Apz359a4ubsC',
2511         'info_dict': {
2512             'title': '29C3: Not my department',
2513             'id': 'PLwP_SiAcdui0KVebT0mU9Apz359a4ubsC',
2514             'uploader': 'Christiaan008',
2515             'uploader_id': 'ChRiStIaAn008',
2516         },
2517         'playlist_count': 95,
2518     }, {
2519         'note': 'issue #673',
2520         'url': 'PLBB231211A4F62143',
2521         'info_dict': {
2522             'title': '[OLD]Team Fortress 2 (Class-based LP)',
2523             'id': 'PLBB231211A4F62143',
2524             'uploader': 'Wickydoo',
2525             'uploader_id': 'Wickydoo',
2526         },
2527         'playlist_mincount': 26,
2528     }, {
2529         'note': 'Large playlist',
2530         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUBABnxM4Ar9ten8Mdjj1j0Q',
2531         'info_dict': {
2532             'title': 'Uploads from Cauchemar',
2533             'id': 'UUBABnxM4Ar9ten8Mdjj1j0Q',
2534             'uploader': 'Cauchemar',
2535             'uploader_id': 'Cauchemar89',
2536         },
2537         'playlist_mincount': 799,
2538     }, {
2539         'url': 'PLtPgu7CB4gbY9oDN3drwC3cMbJggS7dKl',
2540         'info_dict': {
2541             'title': 'YDL_safe_search',
2542             'id': 'PLtPgu7CB4gbY9oDN3drwC3cMbJggS7dKl',
2543         },
2544         'playlist_count': 2,
2545         'skip': 'This playlist is private',
2546     }, {
2547         'note': 'embedded',
2548         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/embed/videoseries?list=PL6IaIsEjSbf96XFRuNccS_RuEXwNdsoEu',
2549         'playlist_count': 4,
2550         'info_dict': {
2551             'title': 'JODA15',
2552             'id': 'PL6IaIsEjSbf96XFRuNccS_RuEXwNdsoEu',
2553             'uploader': 'milan',
2554             'uploader_id': 'UCEI1-PVPcYXjB73Hfelbmaw',
2555         }
2556     }, {
2557         'url': 'http://www.youtube.com/embed/_xDOZElKyNU?list=PLsyOSbh5bs16vubvKePAQ1x3PhKavfBIl',
2558         'playlist_mincount': 485,
2559         'info_dict': {
2560             'title': '2018 Chinese New Singles (11/6 updated)',
2561             'id': 'PLsyOSbh5bs16vubvKePAQ1x3PhKavfBIl',
2562             'uploader': 'LBK',
2563             'uploader_id': 'sdragonfang',
2564         }
2565     }, {
2566         'note': 'Embedded SWF player',
2567         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/p/YN5VISEtHet5D4NEvfTd0zcgFk84NqFZ?hl=en_US&fs=1&rel=0',
2568         'playlist_count': 4,
2569         'info_dict': {
2570             'title': 'JODA7',
2571             'id': 'YN5VISEtHet5D4NEvfTd0zcgFk84NqFZ',
2572         },
2573         'skip': 'This playlist does not exist',
2574     }, {
2575         'note': 'Buggy playlist: the webpage has a "Load more" button but it doesn\'t have more videos',
2576         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUXw-G3eDE9trcvY2sBMM_aA',
2577         'info_dict': {
2578             'title': 'Uploads from Interstellar Movie',
2579             'id': 'UUXw-G3eDE9trcvY2sBMM_aA',
2580             'uploader': 'Interstellar Movie',
2581             'uploader_id': 'InterstellarMovie1',
2582         },
2583         'playlist_mincount': 21,
2584     }, {
2585         # Playlist URL that does not actually serve a playlist
2586         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqZTN594JQw&list=PLMYEtVRpaqY00V9W81Cwmzp6N6vZqfUKD4',
2587         'info_dict': {
2588             'id': 'FqZTN594JQw',
2589             'ext': 'webm',
2590             'title': "Smiley's People 01 detective, Adventure Series, Action",
2591             'uploader': 'STREEM',
2592             'uploader_id': 'UCyPhqAZgwYWZfxElWVbVJng',
2593             'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCyPhqAZgwYWZfxElWVbVJng',
2594             'upload_date': '20150526',
2595             'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
2596             'description': 'md5:507cdcb5a49ac0da37a920ece610be80',
2597             'categories': ['People & Blogs'],
2598             'tags': list,
2599             'view_count': int,
2600             'like_count': int,
2601             'dislike_count': int,
2602         },
2603         'params': {
2604             'skip_download': True,
2605         },
2606         'skip': 'This video is not available.',
2607         'add_ie': [YoutubeIE.ie_key()],
2608     }, {
2609         'url': 'https://youtu.be/yeWKywCrFtk?list=PL2qgrgXsNUG5ig9cat4ohreBjYLAPC0J5',
2610         'info_dict': {
2611             'id': 'yeWKywCrFtk',
2612             'ext': 'mp4',
2613             'title': 'Small Scale Baler and Braiding Rugs',
2614             'uploader': 'Backus-Page House Museum',
2615             'uploader_id': 'backuspagemuseum',
2616             'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/backuspagemuseum',
2617             'upload_date': '20161008',
2618             'description': 'md5:800c0c78d5eb128500bffd4f0b4f2e8a',
2619             'categories': ['Nonprofits & Activism'],
2620             'tags': list,
2621             'like_count': int,
2622             'dislike_count': int,
2623         },
2624         'params': {
2625             'noplaylist': True,
2626             'skip_download': True,
2627         },
2628     }, {
2629         # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/21844
2630         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzH6n4zXuckpfMu_4Ff8E7Z1behQks5ba',
2631         'info_dict': {
2632             'title': 'Data Analysis with Dr Mike Pound',
2633             'id': 'PLzH6n4zXuckpfMu_4Ff8E7Z1behQks5ba',
2634             'uploader_id': 'Computerphile',
2635             'uploader': 'Computerphile',
2636         },
2637         'playlist_mincount': 11,
2638     }, {
2639         'url': 'https://youtu.be/uWyaPkt-VOI?list=PL9D9FC436B881BA21',
2640         'only_matching': True,
2641     }, {
2642         'url': 'TLGGrESM50VT6acwMjAyMjAxNw',
2643         'only_matching': True,
2644     }, {
2645         # music album playlist
2646         'url': 'OLAK5uy_m4xAFdmMC5rX3Ji3g93pQe3hqLZw_9LhM',
2647         'only_matching': True,
2648     }, {
2649         'url': 'https://invidio.us/playlist?list=PLDIoUOhQQPlXr63I_vwF9GD8sAKh77dWU',
2650         'only_matching': True,
2651     }]
2652
2653     def _real_initialize(self):
2654         self._login()
2655
2656     def extract_videos_from_page(self, page):
2657         ids_in_page = []
2658         titles_in_page = []
2659
2660         for item in re.findall(
2661                 r'(<[^>]*\bdata-video-id\s*=\s*["\'][0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}[^>]+>)', page):
2662             attrs = extract_attributes(item)
2663             video_id = attrs['data-video-id']
2664             video_title = unescapeHTML(attrs.get('data-title'))
2665             if video_title:
2666                 video_title = video_title.strip()
2667             ids_in_page.append(video_id)
2668             titles_in_page.append(video_title)
2669
2670         # Fallback with old _VIDEO_RE
2671         self.extract_videos_from_page_impl(
2672             self._VIDEO_RE, page, ids_in_page, titles_in_page)
2673
2674         # Relaxed fallbacks
2675         self.extract_videos_from_page_impl(
2676             r'href="\s*/watch\?v\s*=\s*(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})', page,
2677             ids_in_page, titles_in_page)
2678         self.extract_videos_from_page_impl(
2679             r'data-video-ids\s*=\s*["\'](?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})', page,
2680             ids_in_page, titles_in_page)
2681
2682         return zip(ids_in_page, titles_in_page)
2683
2684     def _extract_mix(self, playlist_id):
2685         # The mixes are generated from a single video
2686         # the id of the playlist is just 'RD' + video_id
2687         ids = []
2688         last_id = playlist_id[-11:]
2689         for n in itertools.count(1):
2690             url = 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=%s&list=%s' % (last_id, playlist_id)
2691             webpage = self._download_webpage(
2692                 url, playlist_id, 'Downloading page {0} of Youtube mix'.format(n))
2693             new_ids = orderedSet(re.findall(
2694                 r'''(?xs)data-video-username=".*?".*?
2695                            href="/watch\?v=([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})&amp;[^"]*?list=%s''' % re.escape(playlist_id),
2696                 webpage))
2697             # Fetch new pages until all the videos are repeated, it seems that
2698             # there are always 51 unique videos.
2699             new_ids = [_id for _id in new_ids if _id not in ids]
2700             if not new_ids:
2701                 break
2702             ids.extend(new_ids)
2703             last_id = ids[-1]
2704
2705         url_results = self._ids_to_results(ids)
2706
2707         search_title = lambda class_name: get_element_by_attribute('class', class_name, webpage)
2708         title_span = (
2709             search_title('playlist-title')
2710             or search_title('title long-title')
2711             or search_title('title'))
2712         title = clean_html(title_span)
2713
2714         return self.playlist_result(url_results, playlist_id, title)
2715
2716     def _extract_playlist(self, playlist_id):
2717         url = self._TEMPLATE_URL % playlist_id
2718         page = self._download_webpage(url, playlist_id)
2719
2720         # the yt-alert-message now has tabindex attribute (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/11604)
2721         for match in re.findall(r'<div class="yt-alert-message"[^>]*>([^<]+)</div>', page):
2722             match = match.strip()
2723             # Check if the playlist exists or is private
2724             mobj = re.match(r'[^<]*(?:The|This) playlist (?P<reason>does not exist|is private)[^<]*', match)
2725             if mobj:
2726                 reason = mobj.group('reason')
2727                 message = 'This playlist %s' % reason
2728                 if 'private' in reason:
2729                     message += ', use --username or --netrc to access it'
2730                 message += '.'
2731                 raise ExtractorError(message, expected=True)
2732             elif re.match(r'[^<]*Invalid parameters[^<]*', match):
2733                 raise ExtractorError(
2734                     'Invalid parameters. Maybe URL is incorrect.',
2735                     expected=True)
2736             elif re.match(r'[^<]*Choose your language[^<]*', match):
2737                 continue
2738             else:
2739                 self.report_warning('Youtube gives an alert message: ' + match)
2740
2741         playlist_title = self._html_search_regex(
2742             r'(?s)<h1 class="pl-header-title[^"]*"[^>]*>\s*(.*?)\s*</h1>',
2743             page, 'title', default=None)
2744
2745         _UPLOADER_BASE = r'class=["\']pl-header-details[^>]+>\s*<li>\s*<a[^>]+\bhref='
2746         uploader = self._search_regex(
2747             r'%s["\']/(?:user|channel)/[^>]+>([^<]+)' % _UPLOADER_BASE,
2748             page, 'uploader', default=None)
2749         mobj = re.search(
2750             r'%s(["\'])(?P<path>/(?:user|channel)/(?P<uploader_id>.+?))\1' % _UPLOADER_BASE,
2751             page)
2752         if mobj:
2753             uploader_id = mobj.group('uploader_id')
2754             uploader_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin(url, mobj.group('path'))
2755         else:
2756             uploader_id = uploader_url = None
2757
2758         has_videos = True
2759
2760         if not playlist_title:
2761             try:
2762                 # Some playlist URLs don't actually serve a playlist (e.g.
2763                 # https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqZTN594JQw&list=PLMYEtVRpaqY00V9W81Cwmzp6N6vZqfUKD4)
2764                 next(self._entries(page, playlist_id))
2765             except StopIteration:
2766                 has_videos = False
2767
2768         playlist = self.playlist_result(
2769             self._entries(page, playlist_id), playlist_id, playlist_title)
2770         playlist.update({
2771             'uploader': uploader,
2772             'uploader_id': uploader_id,
2773             'uploader_url': uploader_url,
2774         })
2775
2776         return has_videos, playlist
2777
2778     def _check_download_just_video(self, url, playlist_id):
2779         # Check if it's a video-specific URL
2780         query_dict = compat_urlparse.parse_qs(compat_urlparse.urlparse(url).query)
2781         video_id = query_dict.get('v', [None])[0] or self._search_regex(
2782             r'(?:(?:^|//)youtu\.be/|youtube\.com/embed/(?!videoseries))([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})', url,
2783             'video id', default=None)
2784         if video_id:
2785             if self._downloader.params.get('noplaylist'):
2786                 self.to_screen('Downloading just video %s because of --no-playlist' % video_id)
2787                 return video_id, self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id)
2788             else:
2789                 self.to_screen('Downloading playlist %s - add --no-playlist to just download video %s' % (playlist_id, video_id))
2790                 return video_id, None
2791         return None, None
2792
2793     def _real_extract(self, url):
2794         # Extract playlist id
2795         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
2796         if mobj is None:
2797             raise ExtractorError('Invalid URL: %s' % url)
2798         playlist_id = mobj.group(1) or mobj.group(2)
2799
2800         video_id, video = self._check_download_just_video(url, playlist_id)
2801         if video:
2802             return video
2803
2804         if playlist_id.startswith(('RD', 'UL', 'PU')):
2805             # Mixes require a custom extraction process
2806             return self._extract_mix(playlist_id)
2807
2808         has_videos, playlist = self._extract_playlist(playlist_id)
2809         if has_videos or not video_id:
2810             return playlist
2811
2812         # Some playlist URLs don't actually serve a playlist (see
2813         # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/10537).
2814         # Fallback to plain video extraction if there is a video id
2815         # along with playlist id.
2816         return self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id)
2817
2818
2819 class YoutubeChannelIE(YoutubePlaylistBaseInfoExtractor):
2820     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com channels'
2821     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:youtu\.be|(?:\w+\.)?youtube(?:-nocookie)?\.com|(?:www\.)?invidio\.us)/channel/(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]+)'
2822     _TEMPLATE_URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/%s/videos'
2823     _VIDEO_RE = r'(?:title="(?P<title>[^"]+)"[^>]+)?href="/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]+)&?'
2824     IE_NAME = 'youtube:channel'
2825     _TESTS = [{
2826         'note': 'paginated channel',
2827         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
2828         'playlist_mincount': 91,
2829         'info_dict': {
2830             'id': 'UUKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
2831             'title': 'Uploads from lex will',
2832             'uploader': 'lex will',
2833             'uploader_id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
2834         }
2835     }, {
2836         'note': 'Age restricted channel',
2837         # from https://www.youtube.com/user/DeusExOfficial
2838         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCs0ifCMCm1icqRbqhUINa0w',
2839         'playlist_mincount': 64,
2840         'info_dict': {
2841             'id': 'UUs0ifCMCm1icqRbqhUINa0w',
2842             'title': 'Uploads from Deus Ex',
2843             'uploader': 'Deus Ex',
2844             'uploader_id': 'DeusExOfficial',
2845         },
2846     }, {
2847         'url': 'https://invidio.us/channel/UC23qupoDRn9YOAVzeoxjOQA',
2848         'only_matching': True,
2849     }]
2850
2851     @classmethod
2852     def suitable(cls, url):
2853         return (False if YoutubePlaylistsIE.suitable(url) or YoutubeLiveIE.suitable(url)
2854                 else super(YoutubeChannelIE, cls).suitable(url))
2855
2856     def _build_template_url(self, url, channel_id):
2857         return self._TEMPLATE_URL % channel_id
2858
2859     def _real_extract(self, url):
2860         channel_id = self._match_id(url)
2861
2862         url = self._build_template_url(url, channel_id)
2863
2864         # Channel by page listing is restricted to 35 pages of 30 items, i.e. 1050 videos total (see #5778)
2865         # Workaround by extracting as a playlist if managed to obtain channel playlist URL
2866         # otherwise fallback on channel by page extraction
2867         channel_page = self._download_webpage(
2868             url + '?view=57', channel_id,
2869             'Downloading channel page', fatal=False)
2870         if channel_page is False:
2871             channel_playlist_id = False
2872         else:
2873             channel_playlist_id = self._html_search_meta(
2874                 'channelId', channel_page, 'channel id', default=None)
2875             if not channel_playlist_id:
2876                 channel_url = self._html_search_meta(
2877                     ('al:ios:url', 'twitter:app:url:iphone', 'twitter:app:url:ipad'),
2878                     channel_page, 'channel url', default=None)
2879                 if channel_url:
2880                     channel_playlist_id = self._search_regex(
2881                         r'vnd\.youtube://user/([0-9A-Za-z_-]+)',
2882                         channel_url, 'channel id', default=None)
2883         if channel_playlist_id and channel_playlist_id.startswith('UC'):
2884             playlist_id = 'UU' + channel_playlist_id[2:]
2885             return self.url_result(
2886                 compat_urlparse.urljoin(url, '/playlist?list=%s' % playlist_id), 'YoutubePlaylist')
2887
2888         channel_page = self._download_webpage(url, channel_id, 'Downloading page #1')
2889         autogenerated = re.search(r'''(?x)
2890                 class="[^"]*?(?:
2891                     channel-header-autogenerated-label|
2892                     yt-channel-title-autogenerated
2893                 )[^"]*"''', channel_page) is not None
2894
2895         if autogenerated:
2896             # The videos are contained in a single page
2897             # the ajax pages can't be used, they are empty
2898             entries = [
2899                 self.url_result(
2900                     video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id,
2901                     video_title=video_title)
2902                 for video_id, video_title in self.extract_videos_from_page(channel_page)]
2903             return self.playlist_result(entries, channel_id)
2904
2905         try:
2906             next(self._entries(channel_page, channel_id))
2907         except StopIteration:
2908             alert_message = self._html_search_regex(
2909                 r'(?s)<div[^>]+class=(["\']).*?\byt-alert-message\b.*?\1[^>]*>(?P<alert>[^<]+)</div>',
2910                 channel_page, 'alert', default=None, group='alert')
2911             if alert_message:
2912                 raise ExtractorError('Youtube said: %s' % alert_message, expected=True)
2913
2914         return self.playlist_result(self._entries(channel_page, channel_id), channel_id)
2915
2916
2917 class YoutubeUserIE(YoutubeChannelIE):
2918     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com user videos (URL or "ytuser" keyword)'
2919     _VALID_URL = r'(?:(?:https?://(?:\w+\.)?youtube\.com/(?:(?P<user>user|c)/)?(?!(?:attribution_link|watch|results|shared)(?:$|[^a-z_A-Z0-9-])))|ytuser:)(?!feed/)(?P<id>[A-Za-z0-9_-]+)'
2920     _TEMPLATE_URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/%s/%s/videos'
2921     IE_NAME = 'youtube:user'
2922
2923     _TESTS = [{
2924         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/TheLinuxFoundation',
2925         'playlist_mincount': 320,
2926         'info_dict': {
2927             'id': 'UUfX55Sx5hEFjoC3cNs6mCUQ',
2928             'title': 'Uploads from The Linux Foundation',
2929             'uploader': 'The Linux Foundation',
2930             'uploader_id': 'TheLinuxFoundation',
2931         }
2932     }, {
2933         # Only available via https://www.youtube.com/c/12minuteathlete/videos
2934         # but not https://www.youtube.com/user/12minuteathlete/videos
2935         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/12minuteathlete/videos',
2936         'playlist_mincount': 249,
2937         'info_dict': {
2938             'id': 'UUVjM-zV6_opMDx7WYxnjZiQ',
2939             'title': 'Uploads from 12 Minute Athlete',
2940             'uploader': '12 Minute Athlete',
2941             'uploader_id': 'the12minuteathlete',
2942         }
2943     }, {
2944         'url': 'ytuser:phihag',
2945         'only_matching': True,
2946     }, {
2947         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/gametrailers',
2948         'only_matching': True,
2949     }, {
2950         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/gametrailers',
2951         'only_matching': True,
2952     }, {
2953         # This channel is not available, geo restricted to JP
2954         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/kananishinoSMEJ/videos',
2955         'only_matching': True,
2956     }]
2957
2958     @classmethod
2959     def suitable(cls, url):
2960         # Don't return True if the url can be extracted with other youtube
2961         # extractor, the regex would is too permissive and it would match.
2962         other_yt_ies = iter(klass for (name, klass) in globals().items() if name.startswith('Youtube') and name.endswith('IE') and klass is not cls)
2963         if any(ie.suitable(url) for ie in other_yt_ies):
2964             return False
2965         else:
2966             return super(YoutubeUserIE, cls).suitable(url)
2967
2968     def _build_template_url(self, url, channel_id):
2969         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
2970         return self._TEMPLATE_URL % (mobj.group('user') or 'user', mobj.group('id'))
2971
2972
2973 class YoutubeLiveIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
2974     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com live streams'
2975     _VALID_URL = r'(?P<base_url>https?://(?:\w+\.)?youtube\.com/(?:(?:user|channel|c)/)?(?P<id>[^/]+))/live'
2976     IE_NAME = 'youtube:live'
2977
2978     _TESTS = [{
2979         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/TheYoungTurks/live',
2980         'info_dict': {
2981             'id': 'a48o2S1cPoo',
2982             'ext': 'mp4',
2983             'title': 'The Young Turks - Live Main Show',
2984             'uploader': 'The Young Turks',
2985             'uploader_id': 'TheYoungTurks',
2986             'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/TheYoungTurks',
2987             'upload_date': '20150715',
2988             'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
2989             'description': 'md5:438179573adcdff3c97ebb1ee632b891',
2990             'categories': ['News & Politics'],
2991             'tags': ['Cenk Uygur (TV Program Creator)', 'The Young Turks (Award-Winning Work)', 'Talk Show (TV Genre)'],
2992             'like_count': int,
2993             'dislike_count': int,
2994         },
2995         'params': {
2996             'skip_download': True,
2997         },
2998     }, {
2999         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1yBKRuGpC1tSM73A0ZjYjQ/live',
3000         'only_matching': True,
3001     }, {
3002         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/CommanderVideoHq/live',
3003         'only_matching': True,
3004     }, {
3005         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/TheYoungTurks/live',
3006         'only_matching': True,
3007     }]
3008
3009     def _real_extract(self, url):
3010         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
3011         channel_id = mobj.group('id')
3012         base_url = mobj.group('base_url')
3013         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, channel_id, fatal=False)
3014         if webpage:
3015             page_type = self._og_search_property(
3016                 'type', webpage, 'page type', default='')
3017             video_id = self._html_search_meta(
3018                 'videoId', webpage, 'video id', default=None)
3019             if page_type.startswith('video') and video_id and re.match(
3020                     r'^[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}$', video_id):
3021                 return self.url_result(video_id, YoutubeIE.ie_key())
3022         return self.url_result(base_url)
3023
3024
3025 class YoutubePlaylistsIE(YoutubePlaylistsBaseInfoExtractor):
3026     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com user/channel playlists'
3027     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:\w+\.)?youtube\.com/(?:user|channel)/(?P<id>[^/]+)/playlists'
3028     IE_NAME = 'youtube:playlists'
3029
3030     _TESTS = [{
3031         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/ThirstForScience/playlists',
3032         'playlist_mincount': 4,
3033         'info_dict': {
3034             'id': 'ThirstForScience',
3035             'title': 'ThirstForScience',
3036         },
3037     }, {
3038         # with "Load more" button
3039         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/igorkle1/playlists?view=1&sort=dd',
3040         'playlist_mincount': 70,
3041         'info_dict': {
3042             'id': 'igorkle1',
3043             'title': 'Игорь Клейнер',
3044         },
3045     }, {
3046         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCiU1dHvZObB2iP6xkJ__Icw/playlists',
3047         'playlist_mincount': 17,
3048         'info_dict': {
3049             'id': 'UCiU1dHvZObB2iP6xkJ__Icw',
3050             'title': 'Chem Player',
3051         },
3052         'skip': 'Blocked',
3053     }]
3054
3055
3056 class YoutubeSearchBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubePlaylistBaseInfoExtractor):
3057     _VIDEO_RE = r'href="\s*/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})(?:[^"]*"[^>]+\btitle="(?P<title>[^"]+))?'
3058
3059
3060 class YoutubeSearchIE(SearchInfoExtractor, YoutubeSearchBaseInfoExtractor):
3061     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com searches'
3062     # there doesn't appear to be a real limit, for example if you search for
3063     # 'python' you get more than 8.000.000 results
3064     _MAX_RESULTS = float('inf')
3065     IE_NAME = 'youtube:search'
3066     _SEARCH_KEY = 'ytsearch'
3067     _EXTRA_QUERY_ARGS = {}
3068     _TESTS = []
3069
3070     def _get_n_results(self, query, n):
3071         """Get a specified number of results for a query"""
3072
3073         videos = []
3074         limit = n
3075
3076         url_query = {
3077             'search_query': query.encode('utf-8'),
3078         }
3079         url_query.update(self._EXTRA_QUERY_ARGS)
3080         result_url = 'https://www.youtube.com/results?' + compat_urllib_parse_urlencode(url_query)
3081
3082         for pagenum in itertools.count(1):
3083             data = self._download_json(
3084                 result_url, video_id='query "%s"' % query,
3085                 note='Downloading page %s' % pagenum,
3086                 errnote='Unable to download API page',
3087                 query={'spf': 'navigate'})
3088             html_content = data[1]['body']['content']
3089
3090             if 'class="search-message' in html_content:
3091                 raise ExtractorError(
3092                     '[youtube] No video results', expected=True)
3093
3094             new_videos = list(self._process_page(html_content))
3095             videos += new_videos
3096             if not new_videos or len(videos) > limit:
3097                 break
3098             next_link = self._html_search_regex(
3099                 r'href="(/results\?[^"]*\bsp=[^"]+)"[^>]*>\s*<span[^>]+class="[^"]*\byt-uix-button-content\b[^"]*"[^>]*>Next',
3100                 html_content, 'next link', default=None)
3101             if next_link is None:
3102                 break
3103             result_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin('https://www.youtube.com/', next_link)
3104
3105         if len(videos) > n:
3106             videos = videos[:n]
3107         return self.playlist_result(videos, query)
3108
3109
3110 class YoutubeSearchDateIE(YoutubeSearchIE):
3111     IE_NAME = YoutubeSearchIE.IE_NAME + ':date'
3112     _SEARCH_KEY = 'ytsearchdate'
3113     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com searches, newest videos first'
3114     _EXTRA_QUERY_ARGS = {'search_sort': 'video_date_uploaded'}
3115
3116
3117 class YoutubeSearchURLIE(YoutubeSearchBaseInfoExtractor):
3118     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com search URLs'
3119     IE_NAME = 'youtube:search_url'
3120     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/results\?(.*?&)?(?:search_query|q)=(?P<query>[^&]+)(?:[&]|$)'
3121     _TESTS = [{
3122         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/results?baz=bar&search_query=youtube-dl+test+video&filters=video&lclk=video',
3123         'playlist_mincount': 5,
3124         'info_dict': {
3125             'title': 'youtube-dl test video',
3126         }
3127     }, {
3128         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/results?q=test&sp=EgQIBBgB',
3129         'only_matching': True,
3130     }]
3131
3132     def _real_extract(self, url):
3133         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
3134         query = compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(mobj.group('query'))
3135         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, query)
3136         return self.playlist_result(self._process_page(webpage), playlist_title=query)
3137
3138
3139 class YoutubeShowIE(YoutubePlaylistsBaseInfoExtractor):
3140     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com (multi-season) shows'
3141     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/show/(?P<id>[^?#]*)'
3142     IE_NAME = 'youtube:show'
3143     _TESTS = [{
3144         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/show/airdisasters',
3145         'playlist_mincount': 5,
3146         'info_dict': {
3147             'id': 'airdisasters',
3148             'title': 'Air Disasters',
3149         }
3150     }]
3151
3152     def _real_extract(self, url):
3153         playlist_id = self._match_id(url)
3154         return super(YoutubeShowIE, self)._real_extract(
3155             'https://www.youtube.com/show/%s/playlists' % playlist_id)
3156
3157
3158 class YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
3159     """
3160     Base class for feed extractors
3161     Subclasses must define the _FEED_NAME and _PLAYLIST_TITLE properties.
3162     """
3163     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = True
3164
3165     @property
3166     def IE_NAME(self):
3167         return 'youtube:%s' % self._FEED_NAME
3168
3169     def _real_initialize(self):
3170         self._login()
3171
3172     def _entries(self, page):
3173         # The extraction process is the same as for playlists, but the regex
3174         # for the video ids doesn't contain an index
3175         ids = []
3176         more_widget_html = content_html = page
3177         for page_num in itertools.count(1):
3178             matches = re.findall(r'href="\s*/watch\?v=([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})', content_html)
3179
3180             # 'recommended' feed has infinite 'load more' and each new portion spins
3181             # the same videos in (sometimes) slightly different order, so we'll check
3182             # for unicity and break when portion has no new videos
3183             new_ids = list(filter(lambda video_id: video_id not in ids, orderedSet(matches)))
3184             if not new_ids:
3185                 break
3186
3187             ids.extend(new_ids)
3188
3189             for entry in self._ids_to_results(new_ids):
3190                 yield entry
3191
3192             mobj = re.search(r'data-uix-load-more-href="/?(?P<more>[^"]+)"', more_widget_html)
3193             if not mobj:
3194                 break
3195
3196             more = self._download_json(
3197                 'https://youtube.com/%s' % mobj.group('more'), self._PLAYLIST_TITLE,
3198                 'Downloading page #%s' % page_num,
3199                 transform_source=uppercase_escape)
3200             content_html = more['content_html']
3201             more_widget_html = more['load_more_widget_html']
3202
3203     def _real_extract(self, url):
3204         page = self._download_webpage(
3205             'https://www.youtube.com/feed/%s' % self._FEED_NAME,
3206             self._PLAYLIST_TITLE)
3207         return self.playlist_result(
3208             self._entries(page), playlist_title=self._PLAYLIST_TITLE)
3209
3210
3211 class YoutubeWatchLaterIE(YoutubePlaylistIE):
3212     IE_NAME = 'youtube:watchlater'
3213     IE_DESC = 'Youtube watch later list, ":ytwatchlater" for short (requires authentication)'
3214     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/(?:feed/watch_later|(?:playlist|watch)\?(?:.+&)?list=WL)|:ytwatchlater'
3215
3216     _TESTS = [{
3217         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=WL',
3218         'only_matching': True,
3219     }, {
3220         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bCNU9TrbiRk&index=1&list=WL',
3221         'only_matching': True,
3222     }]
3223
3224     def _real_extract(self, url):
3225         _, video = self._check_download_just_video(url, 'WL')
3226         if video:
3227             return video
3228         _, playlist = self._extract_playlist('WL')
3229         return playlist
3230
3231
3232 class YoutubeFavouritesIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
3233     IE_NAME = 'youtube:favorites'
3234     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com favourite videos, ":ytfav" for short (requires authentication)'
3235     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/my_favorites|:ytfav(?:ou?rites)?'
3236     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = True
3237
3238     def _real_extract(self, url):
3239         webpage = self._download_webpage('https://www.youtube.com/my_favorites', 'Youtube Favourites videos')
3240         playlist_id = self._search_regex(r'list=(.+?)["&]', webpage, 'favourites playlist id')
3241         return self.url_result(playlist_id, 'YoutubePlaylist')
3242
3243
3244 class YoutubeRecommendedIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
3245     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com recommended videos, ":ytrec" for short (requires authentication)'
3246     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/feed/recommended|:ytrec(?:ommended)?'
3247     _FEED_NAME = 'recommended'
3248     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = 'Youtube Recommended videos'
3249
3250
3251 class YoutubeSubscriptionsIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
3252     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com subscriptions feed, "ytsubs" keyword (requires authentication)'
3253     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/feed/subscriptions|:ytsubs(?:criptions)?'
3254     _FEED_NAME = 'subscriptions'
3255     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = 'Youtube Subscriptions'
3256
3257
3258 class YoutubeHistoryIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
3259     IE_DESC = 'Youtube watch history, ":ythistory" for short (requires authentication)'
3260     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/feed/history|:ythistory'
3261     _FEED_NAME = 'history'
3262     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = 'Youtube History'
3263
3264
3265 class YoutubeTruncatedURLIE(InfoExtractor):
3266     IE_NAME = 'youtube:truncated_url'
3267     IE_DESC = False  # Do not list
3268     _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
3269         (?:https?://)?
3270         (?:\w+\.)?[yY][oO][uU][tT][uU][bB][eE](?:-nocookie)?\.com/
3271         (?:watch\?(?:
3272             feature=[a-z_]+|
3273             annotation_id=annotation_[^&]+|
3274             x-yt-cl=[0-9]+|
3275             hl=[^&]*|
3276             t=[0-9]+
3277         )?
3278         |
3279             attribution_link\?a=[^&]+
3280         )
3281         $
3282     '''
3283
3284     _TESTS = [{
3285         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?annotation_id=annotation_3951667041',
3286         'only_matching': True,
3287     }, {
3288         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?',
3289         'only_matching': True,
3290     }, {
3291         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?x-yt-cl=84503534',
3292         'only_matching': True,
3293     }, {
3294         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=foo',
3295         'only_matching': True,
3296     }, {
3297         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?hl=en-GB',
3298         'only_matching': True,
3299     }, {
3300         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=2372',
3301         'only_matching': True,
3302     }]
3303
3304     def _real_extract(self, url):
3305         raise ExtractorError(
3306             'Did you forget to quote the URL? Remember that & is a meta '
3307             'character in most shells, so you want to put the URL in quotes, '
3308             'like  youtube-dl '
3309             '"https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=foo&v=BaW_jenozKc" '
3310             ' or simply  youtube-dl BaW_jenozKc  .',
3311             expected=True)
3312
3313
3314 class YoutubeTruncatedIDIE(InfoExtractor):
3315     IE_NAME = 'youtube:truncated_id'
3316     IE_DESC = False  # Do not list
3317     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{1,10})$'
3318
3319     _TESTS = [{
3320         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N_708QY7Ob',
3321         'only_matching': True,
3322     }]
3323
3324     def _real_extract(self, url):
3325         video_id = self._match_id(url)
3326         raise ExtractorError(
3327             'Incomplete YouTube ID %s. URL %s looks truncated.' % (video_id, url),
3328             expected=True)