_ Git - youtube-dl/blob - youtube_dl/extractor/youtube.py

   1 # coding: utf-8
   2
   3 from __future__ import unicode_literals
   4
   5
   6 import itertools
   7 import json
   8 import os.path
   9 import random
  10 import re
  11 import time
  12 import traceback
  13
  14 from .common import InfoExtractor, SearchInfoExtractor
  15 from ..jsinterp import JSInterpreter
  16 from ..swfinterp import SWFInterpreter
  17 from ..compat import (
  18     compat_chr,
  19     compat_HTTPError,
  20     compat_kwargs,
  21     compat_parse_qs,
  22     compat_urllib_parse_unquote,
  23     compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus,
  24     compat_urllib_parse_urlencode,
  25     compat_urllib_parse_urlparse,
  26     compat_urlparse,
  27     compat_str,
  28 )
  29 from ..utils import (
  30     bool_or_none,
  31     clean_html,
  32     dict_get,
  33     error_to_compat_str,
  34     ExtractorError,
  35     float_or_none,
  36     get_element_by_attribute,
  37     get_element_by_id,
  38     int_or_none,
  39     mimetype2ext,
  40     orderedSet,
  41     parse_codecs,
  42     parse_duration,
  43     qualities,
  44     remove_quotes,
  45     remove_start,
  46     smuggle_url,
  47     str_or_none,
  48     str_to_int,
  49     try_get,
  50     unescapeHTML,
  51     unified_strdate,
  52     unsmuggle_url,
  53     uppercase_escape,
  54     url_or_none,
  55     urlencode_postdata,
  56 )
  57
  58
  59 class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
  60     """Provide base functions for Youtube extractors"""
  61     _LOGIN_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin'
  62     _TWOFACTOR_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/signin/challenge'
  63
  64     _LOOKUP_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/sl/lookup'
  65     _CHALLENGE_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/sl/challenge'
  66     _TFA_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/challenge?hl=en&TL={0}'
  67
  68     _NETRC_MACHINE = 'youtube'
  69     # If True it will raise an error if no login info is provided
  70     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = False
  71
  72     _PLAYLIST_ID_RE = r'(?:PL|LL|EC|UU|FL|RD|UL|TL|OLAK5uy_)[0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,}'
  73
  74     def _set_language(self):
  75         self._set_cookie(
  76             '.youtube.com', 'PREF', 'f1=50000000&hl=en',
  77             # YouTube sets the expire time to about two months
  78             expire_time=time.time() + 2 * 30 * 24 * 3600)
  79
  80     def _ids_to_results(self, ids):
  81         return [
  82             self.url_result(vid_id, 'Youtube', video_id=vid_id)
  83             for vid_id in ids]
  84
  85     def _login(self):
  86         """
  87         Attempt to log in to YouTube.
  88         True is returned if successful or skipped.
  89         False is returned if login failed.
  90
  91         If _LOGIN_REQUIRED is set and no authentication was provided, an error is raised.
  92         """
  93         username, password = self._get_login_info()
  94         # No authentication to be performed
  95         if username is None:
  96             if self._LOGIN_REQUIRED and self._downloader.params.get('cookiefile') is None:
  97                 raise ExtractorError('No login info available, needed for using %s.' % self.IE_NAME, expected=True)
  98             return True
  99
 100         login_page = self._download_webpage(
 101             self._LOGIN_URL, None,
 102             note='Downloading login page',
 103             errnote='unable to fetch login page', fatal=False)
 104         if login_page is False:
 105             return
 106
 107         login_form = self._hidden_inputs(login_page)
 108
 109         def req(url, f_req, note, errnote):
 110             data = login_form.copy()
 111             data.update({
 112                 'pstMsg': 1,
 113                 'checkConnection': 'youtube',
 114                 'checkedDomains': 'youtube',
 115                 'hl': 'en',
 116                 'deviceinfo': '[null,null,null,[],null,"US",null,null,[],"GlifWebSignIn",null,[null,null,[]]]',
 117                 'f.req': json.dumps(f_req),
 118                 'flowName': 'GlifWebSignIn',
 119                 'flowEntry': 'ServiceLogin',
 120                 # TODO: reverse actual botguard identifier generation algo
 121                 'bgRequest': '["identifier",""]',
 122             })
 123             return self._download_json(
 124                 url, None, note=note, errnote=errnote,
 125                 transform_source=lambda s: re.sub(r'^[^[]*', '', s),
 126                 fatal=False,
 127                 data=urlencode_postdata(data), headers={
 128                     'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8',
 129                     'Google-Accounts-XSRF': 1,
 130                 })
 131
 132         def warn(message):
 133             self._downloader.report_warning(message)
 134
 135         lookup_req = [
 136             username,
 137             None, [], None, 'US', None, None, 2, False, True,
 138             [
 139                 None, None,
 140                 [2, 1, None, 1,
 141                  'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?passive=true&continue=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fsignin%3Fnext%3D%252F%26action_handle_signin%3Dtrue%26hl%3Den%26app%3Ddesktop%26feature%3Dsign_in_button&hl=en&service=youtube&uilel=3&requestPath=%2FServiceLogin&Page=PasswordSeparationSignIn',
 142                  None, [], 4],
 143                 1, [None, None, []], None, None, None, True
 144             ],
 145             username,
 146         ]
 147
 148         lookup_results = req(
 149             self._LOOKUP_URL, lookup_req,
 150             'Looking up account info', 'Unable to look up account info')
 151
 152         if lookup_results is False:
 153             return False
 154
 155         user_hash = try_get(lookup_results, lambda x: x[0][2], compat_str)
 156         if not user_hash:
 157             warn('Unable to extract user hash')
 158             return False
 159
 160         challenge_req = [
 161             user_hash,
 162             None, 1, None, [1, None, None, None, [password, None, True]],
 163             [
 164                 None, None, [2, 1, None, 1, 'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?passive=true&continue=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fsignin%3Fnext%3D%252F%26action_handle_signin%3Dtrue%26hl%3Den%26app%3Ddesktop%26feature%3Dsign_in_button&hl=en&service=youtube&uilel=3&requestPath=%2FServiceLogin&Page=PasswordSeparationSignIn', None, [], 4],
 165                 1, [None, None, []], None, None, None, True
 166             ]]
 167
 168         challenge_results = req(
 169             self._CHALLENGE_URL, challenge_req,
 170             'Logging in', 'Unable to log in')
 171
 172         if challenge_results is False:
 173             return
 174
 175         login_res = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[0][5], list)
 176         if login_res:
 177             login_msg = try_get(login_res, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
 178             warn(
 179                 'Unable to login: %s' % 'Invalid password'
 180                 if login_msg == 'INCORRECT_ANSWER_ENTERED' else login_msg)
 181             return False
 182
 183         res = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[0][-1], list)
 184         if not res:
 185             warn('Unable to extract result entry')
 186             return False
 187
 188         login_challenge = try_get(res, lambda x: x[0][0], list)
 189         if login_challenge:
 190             challenge_str = try_get(login_challenge, lambda x: x[2], compat_str)
 191             if challenge_str == 'TWO_STEP_VERIFICATION':
 192                 # SEND_SUCCESS - TFA code has been successfully sent to phone
 193                 # QUOTA_EXCEEDED - reached the limit of TFA codes
 194                 status = try_get(login_challenge, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
 195                 if status == 'QUOTA_EXCEEDED':
 196                     warn('Exceeded the limit of TFA codes, try later')
 197                     return False
 198
 199                 tl = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[1][2], compat_str)
 200                 if not tl:
 201                     warn('Unable to extract TL')
 202                     return False
 203
 204                 tfa_code = self._get_tfa_info('2-step verification code')
 205
 206                 if not tfa_code:
 207                     warn(
 208                         'Two-factor authentication required. Provide it either interactively or with --twofactor <code>'
 209                         '(Note that only TOTP (Google Authenticator App) codes work at this time.)')
 210                     return False
 211
 212                 tfa_code = remove_start(tfa_code, 'G-')
 213
 214                 tfa_req = [
 215                     user_hash, None, 2, None,
 216                     [
 217                         9, None, None, None, None, None, None, None,
 218                         [None, tfa_code, True, 2]
 219                     ]]
 220
 221                 tfa_results = req(
 222                     self._TFA_URL.format(tl), tfa_req,
 223                     'Submitting TFA code', 'Unable to submit TFA code')
 224
 225                 if tfa_results is False:
 226                     return False
 227
 228                 tfa_res = try_get(tfa_results, lambda x: x[0][5], list)
 229                 if tfa_res:
 230                     tfa_msg = try_get(tfa_res, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
 231                     warn(
 232                         'Unable to finish TFA: %s' % 'Invalid TFA code'
 233                         if tfa_msg == 'INCORRECT_ANSWER_ENTERED' else tfa_msg)
 234                     return False
 235
 236                 check_cookie_url = try_get(
 237                     tfa_results, lambda x: x[0][-1][2], compat_str)
 238             else:
 239                 CHALLENGES = {
 240                     'LOGIN_CHALLENGE': "This device isn't recognized. For your security, Google wants to make sure it's really you.",
 241                     'USERNAME_RECOVERY': 'Please provide additional information to aid in the recovery process.',
 242                     'REAUTH': "There is something unusual about your activity. For your security, Google wants to make sure it's really you.",
 243                 }
 244                 challenge = CHALLENGES.get(
 245                     challenge_str,
 246                     '%s returned error %s.' % (self.IE_NAME, challenge_str))
 247                 warn('%s\nGo to https://accounts.google.com/, login and solve a challenge.' % challenge)
 248                 return False
 249         else:
 250             check_cookie_url = try_get(res, lambda x: x[2], compat_str)
 251
 252         if not check_cookie_url:
 253             warn('Unable to extract CheckCookie URL')
 254             return False
 255
 256         check_cookie_results = self._download_webpage(
 257             check_cookie_url, None, 'Checking cookie', fatal=False)
 258
 259         if check_cookie_results is False:
 260             return False
 261
 262         if 'https://myaccount.google.com/' not in check_cookie_results:
 263             warn('Unable to log in')
 264             return False
 265
 266         return True
 267
 268     def _download_webpage_handle(self, *args, **kwargs):
 269         query = kwargs.get('query', {}).copy()
 270         query['disable_polymer'] = 'true'
 271         kwargs['query'] = query
 272         return super(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, self)._download_webpage_handle(
 273             *args, **compat_kwargs(kwargs))
 274
 275     def _real_initialize(self):
 276         if self._downloader is None:
 277             return
 278         self._set_language()
 279         if not self._login():
 280             return
 281
 282
 283 class YoutubeEntryListBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
 284     # Extract entries from page with "Load more" button
 285     def _entries(self, page, playlist_id):
 286         more_widget_html = content_html = page
 287         for page_num in itertools.count(1):
 288             for entry in self._process_page(content_html):
 289                 yield entry
 290
 291             mobj = re.search(r'data-uix-load-more-href="/?(?P<more>[^"]+)"', more_widget_html)
 292             if not mobj:
 293                 break
 294
 295             count = 0
 296             retries = 3
 297             while count <= retries:
 298                 try:
 299                     # Downloading page may result in intermittent 5xx HTTP error
 300                     # that is usually worked around with a retry
 301                     more = self._download_json(
 302                         'https://youtube.com/%s' % mobj.group('more'), playlist_id,
 303                         'Downloading page #%s%s'
 304                         % (page_num, ' (retry #%d)' % count if count else ''),
 305                         transform_source=uppercase_escape)
 306                     break
 307                 except ExtractorError as e:
 308                     if isinstance(e.cause, compat_HTTPError) and e.cause.code in (500, 503):
 309                         count += 1
 310                         if count <= retries:
 311                             continue
 312                     raise
 313
 314             content_html = more['content_html']
 315             if not content_html.strip():
 316                 # Some webpages show a "Load more" button but they don't
 317                 # have more videos
 318                 break
 319             more_widget_html = more['load_more_widget_html']
 320
 321
 322 class YoutubePlaylistBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeEntryListBaseInfoExtractor):
 323     def _process_page(self, content):
 324         for video_id, video_title in self.extract_videos_from_page(content):
 325             yield self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id, video_title)
 326
 327     def extract_videos_from_page(self, page):
 328         ids_in_page = []
 329         titles_in_page = []
 330         for mobj in re.finditer(self._VIDEO_RE, page):
 331             # The link with index 0 is not the first video of the playlist (not sure if still actual)
 332             if 'index' in mobj.groupdict() and mobj.group('id') == '0':
 333                 continue
 334             video_id = mobj.group('id')
 335             video_title = unescapeHTML(mobj.group('title'))
 336             if video_title:
 337                 video_title = video_title.strip()
 338             try:
 339                 idx = ids_in_page.index(video_id)
 340                 if video_title and not titles_in_page[idx]:
 341                     titles_in_page[idx] = video_title
 342             except ValueError:
 343                 ids_in_page.append(video_id)
 344                 titles_in_page.append(video_title)
 345         return zip(ids_in_page, titles_in_page)
 346
 347
 348 class YoutubePlaylistsBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeEntryListBaseInfoExtractor):
 349     def _process_page(self, content):
 350         for playlist_id in orderedSet(re.findall(
 351                 r'<h3[^>]+class="[^"]*yt-lockup-title[^"]*"[^>]*><a[^>]+href="/?playlist\?list=([0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,})"',
 352                 content)):
 353             yield self.url_result(
 354                 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=%s' % playlist_id, 'YoutubePlaylist')
 355
 356     def _real_extract(self, url):
 357         playlist_id = self._match_id(url)
 358         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, playlist_id)
 359         title = self._og_search_title(webpage, fatal=False)
 360         return self.playlist_result(self._entries(webpage, playlist_id), playlist_id, title)
 361
 362
 363 class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
 364     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com'
 365     _VALID_URL = r"""(?x)^
 366                      (
 367                          (?:https?://|//)                                    # http(s):// or protocol-independent URL
 368                          (?:(?:(?:(?:\w+\.)?[yY][oO][uU][tT][uU][bB][eE](?:-nocookie)?\.com/|
 369                             (?:www\.)?deturl\.com/www\.youtube\.com/|
 370                             (?:www\.)?pwnyoutube\.com/|
 371                             (?:www\.)?hooktube\.com/|
 372                             (?:www\.)?yourepeat\.com/|
 373                             tube\.majestyc\.net/|
 374                             # Invidious instances taken from https://github.com/omarroth/invidious/wiki/Invidious-Instances
 375                             (?:(?:www|dev)\.)?invidio\.us/|
 376                             (?:(?:www|no)\.)?invidiou\.sh/|
 377                             (?:(?:www|fi|de)\.)?invidious\.snopyta\.org/|
 378                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.kabi\.tk/|
 379                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.enkirton\.net/|
 380                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.13ad\.de/|
 381                             (?:www\.)?invidious\.mastodon\.host/|
 382                             (?:www\.)?tube\.poal\.co/|
 383                             (?:www\.)?vid\.wxzm\.sx/|
 384                             youtube\.googleapis\.com/)                        # the various hostnames, with wildcard subdomains
 385                          (?:.*?\#/)?                                          # handle anchor (#/) redirect urls
 386                          (?:                                                  # the various things that can precede the ID:
 387                              (?:(?:v|embed|e)/(?!videoseries))                # v/ or embed/ or e/
 388                              |(?:                                             # or the v= param in all its forms
 389                                  (?:(?:watch|movie)(?:_popup)?(?:\.php)?/?)?  # preceding watch(_popup|.php) or nothing (like /?v=xxxx)
 390                                  (?:\?|\#!?)                                  # the params delimiter ? or # or #!
 391                                  (?:.*?[&;])??                                # any other preceding param (like /?s=tuff&v=xxxx or ?s=tuff&amp;v=V36LpHqtcDY)
 392                                  v=
 393                              )
 394                          ))
 395                          |(?:
 396                             youtu\.be|                                        # just youtu.be/xxxx
 397                             vid\.plus|                                        # or vid.plus/xxxx
 398                             zwearz\.com/watch|                                # or zwearz.com/watch/xxxx
 399                          )/
 400                          |(?:www\.)?cleanvideosearch\.com/media/action/yt/watch\?videoId=
 401                          )
 402                      )?                                                       # all until now is optional -> you can pass the naked ID
 403                      ([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})                                      # here is it! the YouTube video ID
 404                      (?!.*?\blist=
 405                         (?:
 406                             %(playlist_id)s|                                  # combined list/video URLs are handled by the playlist IE
 407                             WL                                                # WL are handled by the watch later IE
 408                         )
 409                      )
 410                      (?(1).+)?                                                # if we found the ID, everything can follow
 411                      $""" % {'playlist_id': YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._PLAYLIST_ID_RE}
 412     _NEXT_URL_RE = r'[\?&]next_url=([^&]+)'
 413     _formats = {
 414         '5': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 400, 'height': 240, 'acodec': 'mp3', 'abr': 64, 'vcodec': 'h263'},
 415         '6': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 450, 'height': 270, 'acodec': 'mp3', 'abr': 64, 'vcodec': 'h263'},
 416         '13': {'ext': '3gp', 'acodec': 'aac', 'vcodec': 'mp4v'},
 417         '17': {'ext': '3gp', 'width': 176, 'height': 144, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 24, 'vcodec': 'mp4v'},
 418         '18': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 640, 'height': 360, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 96, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 419         '22': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 1280, 'height': 720, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 420         '34': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 640, 'height': 360, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 421         '35': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 422         # itag 36 videos are either 320x180 (BaW_jenozKc) or 320x240 (__2ABJjxzNo), abr varies as well
 423         '36': {'ext': '3gp', 'width': 320, 'acodec': 'aac', 'vcodec': 'mp4v'},
 424         '37': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 1920, 'height': 1080, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 425         '38': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 4096, 'height': 3072, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 426         '43': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 640, 'height': 360, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 427         '44': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 428         '45': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 1280, 'height': 720, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 429         '46': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 1920, 'height': 1080, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 430         '59': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 431         '78': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 432
 433
 434         # 3D videos
 435         '82': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 436         '83': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 437         '84': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 438         '85': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 439         '100': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'vp8', 'preference': -20},
 440         '101': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8', 'preference': -20},
 441         '102': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8', 'preference': -20},
 442
 443         # Apple HTTP Live Streaming
 444         '91': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 445         '92': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 446         '93': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 447         '94': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 448         '95': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 256, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 449         '96': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 256, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 450         '132': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 451         '151': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 72, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 24, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 452
 453         # DASH mp4 video
 454         '133': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 455         '134': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 456         '135': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 457         '136': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 458         '137': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 459         '138': {'ext': 'mp4', 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},  # Height can vary (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4559)
 460         '160': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 461         '212': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 462         '264': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 463         '298': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264', 'fps': 60},
 464         '299': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264', 'fps': 60},
 465         '266': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 466
 467         # Dash mp4 audio
 468         '139': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 469         '140': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 470         '141': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 256, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 471         '256': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 472         '258': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 473         '325': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'dtse', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 474         '328': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'ec-3', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 475
 476         # Dash webm
 477         '167': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'width': 640, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 478         '168': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 479         '169': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'width': 1280, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 480         '170': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'width': 1920, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 481         '218': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 482         '219': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 483         '278': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 484         '242': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 485         '243': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 486         '244': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 487         '245': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 488         '246': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 489         '247': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 490         '248': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 491         '271': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 492         # itag 272 videos are either 3840x2160 (e.g. RtoitU2A-3E) or 7680x4320 (sLprVF6d7Ug)
 493         '272': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 494         '302': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 495         '303': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 496         '308': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 497         '313': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 498         '315': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 499
 500         # Dash webm audio
 501         '171': {'ext': 'webm', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'abr': 128},
 502         '172': {'ext': 'webm', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'abr': 256},
 503
 504         # Dash webm audio with opus inside
 505         '249': {'ext': 'webm', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 50},
 506         '250': {'ext': 'webm', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 70},
 507         '251': {'ext': 'webm', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 160},
 508
 509         # RTMP (unnamed)
 510         '_rtmp': {'protocol': 'rtmp'},
 511
 512         # av01 video only formats sometimes served with "unknown" codecs
 513         '394': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
 514         '395': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
 515         '396': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
 516         '397': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
 517     }
 518     _SUBTITLE_FORMATS = ('srv1', 'srv2', 'srv3', 'ttml', 'vtt')
 519
 520     _GEO_BYPASS = False
 521
 522     IE_NAME = 'youtube'
 523     _TESTS = [
 524         {
 525             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc&t=1s&end=9',
 526             'info_dict': {
 527                 'id': 'BaW_jenozKc',
 528                 'ext': 'mp4',
 529                 'title': 'youtube-dl test video "\'/\\ä↭𝕐',
 530                 'uploader': 'Philipp Hagemeister',
 531                 'uploader_id': 'phihag',
 532                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/phihag',
 533                 'channel_id': 'UCLqxVugv74EIW3VWh2NOa3Q',
 534                 'channel_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCLqxVugv74EIW3VWh2NOa3Q',
 535                 'upload_date': '20121002',
 536                 'description': 'test chars:  "\'/\\ä↭𝕐\ntest URL: https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/1892\n\nThis is a test video for youtube-dl.\n\nFor more information, contact phihag@phihag.de .',
 537                 'categories': ['Science & Technology'],
 538                 'tags': ['youtube-dl'],
 539                 'duration': 10,
 540                 'view_count': int,
 541                 'like_count': int,
 542                 'dislike_count': int,
 543                 'start_time': 1,
 544                 'end_time': 9,
 545             }
 546         },
 547         {
 548             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UxxajLWwzqY',
 549             'note': 'Test generic use_cipher_signature video (#897)',
 550             'info_dict': {
 551                 'id': 'UxxajLWwzqY',
 552                 'ext': 'mp4',
 553                 'upload_date': '20120506',
 554                 'title': 'Icona Pop - I Love It (feat. Charli XCX) [OFFICIAL VIDEO]',
 555                 'alt_title': 'I Love It (feat. Charli XCX)',
 556                 'description': 'md5:f3ceb5ef83a08d95b9d146f973157cc8',
 557                 'tags': ['Icona Pop i love it', 'sweden', 'pop music', 'big beat records', 'big beat', 'charli',
 558                          'xcx', 'charli xcx', 'girls', 'hbo', 'i love it', "i don't care", 'icona', 'pop',
 559                          'iconic ep', 'iconic', 'love', 'it'],
 560                 'duration': 180,
 561                 'uploader': 'Icona Pop',
 562                 'uploader_id': 'IconaPop',
 563                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/IconaPop',
 564                 'creator': 'Icona Pop',
 565                 'track': 'I Love It (feat. Charli XCX)',
 566                 'artist': 'Icona Pop',
 567             }
 568         },
 569         {
 570             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=07FYdnEawAQ',
 571             'note': 'Test VEVO video with age protection (#956)',
 572             'info_dict': {
 573                 'id': '07FYdnEawAQ',
 574                 'ext': 'mp4',
 575                 'upload_date': '20130703',
 576                 'title': 'Justin Timberlake - Tunnel Vision (Official Music Video) (Explicit)',
 577                 'alt_title': 'Tunnel Vision',
 578                 'description': 'md5:07dab3356cde4199048e4c7cd93471e1',
 579                 'duration': 419,
 580                 'uploader': 'justintimberlakeVEVO',
 581                 'uploader_id': 'justintimberlakeVEVO',
 582                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/justintimberlakeVEVO',
 583                 'creator': 'Justin Timberlake',
 584                 'track': 'Tunnel Vision',
 585                 'artist': 'Justin Timberlake',
 586                 'age_limit': 18,
 587             }
 588         },
 589         {
 590             'url': '//www.YouTube.com/watch?v=yZIXLfi8CZQ',
 591             'note': 'Embed-only video (#1746)',
 592             'info_dict': {
 593                 'id': 'yZIXLfi8CZQ',
 594                 'ext': 'mp4',
 595                 'upload_date': '20120608',
 596                 'title': 'Principal Sexually Assaults A Teacher - Episode 117 - 8th June 2012',
 597                 'description': 'md5:09b78bd971f1e3e289601dfba15ca4f7',
 598                 'uploader': 'SET India',
 599                 'uploader_id': 'setindia',
 600                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/setindia',
 601                 'age_limit': 18,
 602             }
 603         },
 604         {
 605             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc&v=UxxajLWwzqY',
 606             'note': 'Use the first video ID in the URL',
 607             'info_dict': {
 608                 'id': 'BaW_jenozKc',
 609                 'ext': 'mp4',
 610                 'title': 'youtube-dl test video "\'/\\ä↭𝕐',
 611                 'uploader': 'Philipp Hagemeister',
 612                 'uploader_id': 'phihag',
 613                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/phihag',
 614                 'upload_date': '20121002',
 615                 'description': 'test chars:  "\'/\\ä↭𝕐\ntest URL: https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/1892\n\nThis is a test video for youtube-dl.\n\nFor more information, contact phihag@phihag.de .',
 616                 'categories': ['Science & Technology'],
 617                 'tags': ['youtube-dl'],
 618                 'duration': 10,
 619                 'view_count': int,
 620                 'like_count': int,
 621                 'dislike_count': int,
 622             },
 623             'params': {
 624                 'skip_download': True,
 625             },
 626         },
 627         {
 628             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a9LDPn-MO4I',
 629             'note': '256k DASH audio (format 141) via DASH manifest',
 630             'info_dict': {
 631                 'id': 'a9LDPn-MO4I',
 632                 'ext': 'm4a',
 633                 'upload_date': '20121002',
 634                 'uploader_id': '8KVIDEO',
 635                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/8KVIDEO',
 636                 'description': '',
 637                 'uploader': '8KVIDEO',
 638                 'title': 'UHDTV TEST 8K VIDEO.mp4'
 639             },
 640             'params': {
 641                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 642                 'format': '141',
 643             },
 644             'skip': 'format 141 not served anymore',
 645         },
 646         # DASH manifest with encrypted signature
 647         {
 648             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IB3lcPjvWLA',
 649             'info_dict': {
 650                 'id': 'IB3lcPjvWLA',
 651                 'ext': 'm4a',
 652                 'title': 'Afrojack, Spree Wilson - The Spark (Official Music Video) ft. Spree Wilson',
 653                 'description': 'md5:8f5e2b82460520b619ccac1f509d43bf',
 654                 'duration': 244,
 655                 'uploader': 'AfrojackVEVO',
 656                 'uploader_id': 'AfrojackVEVO',
 657                 'upload_date': '20131011',
 658             },
 659             'params': {
 660                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 661                 'format': '141/bestaudio[ext=m4a]',
 662             },
 663         },
 664         # JS player signature function name containing $
 665         {
 666             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nfWlot6h_JM',
 667             'info_dict': {
 668                 'id': 'nfWlot6h_JM',
 669                 'ext': 'm4a',
 670                 'title': 'Taylor Swift - Shake It Off',
 671                 'description': 'md5:bec2185232c05479482cb5a9b82719bf',
 672                 'duration': 242,
 673                 'uploader': 'TaylorSwiftVEVO',
 674                 'uploader_id': 'TaylorSwiftVEVO',
 675                 'upload_date': '20140818',
 676                 'creator': 'Taylor Swift',
 677             },
 678             'params': {
 679                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 680                 'format': '141/bestaudio[ext=m4a]',
 681             },
 682         },
 683         # Controversy video
 684         {
 685             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T4XJQO3qol8',
 686             'info_dict': {
 687                 'id': 'T4XJQO3qol8',
 688                 'ext': 'mp4',
 689                 'duration': 219,
 690                 'upload_date': '20100909',
 691                 'uploader': 'Amazing Atheist',
 692                 'uploader_id': 'TheAmazingAtheist',
 693                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/TheAmazingAtheist',
 694                 'title': 'Burning Everyone\'s Koran',
 695                 'description': 'SUBSCRIBE: http://www.youtube.com/saturninefilms\n\nEven Obama has taken a stand against freedom on this issue: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/09/09/obama-gma-interview-quran_n_710282.html',
 696             }
 697         },
 698         # Normal age-gate video (No vevo, embed allowed)
 699         {
 700             'url': 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=HtVdAasjOgU',
 701             'info_dict': {
 702                 'id': 'HtVdAasjOgU',
 703                 'ext': 'mp4',
 704                 'title': 'The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt - The Sword Of Destiny Trailer',
 705                 'description': r're:(?s).{100,}About the Game\n.*?The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt.{100,}',
 706                 'duration': 142,
 707                 'uploader': 'The Witcher',
 708                 'uploader_id': 'WitcherGame',
 709                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/WitcherGame',
 710                 'upload_date': '20140605',
 711                 'age_limit': 18,
 712             },
 713         },
 714         # Age-gate video with encrypted signature
 715         {
 716             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6kLq3WMV1nU',
 717             'info_dict': {
 718                 'id': '6kLq3WMV1nU',
 719                 'ext': 'mp4',
 720                 'title': 'Dedication To My Ex (Miss That) (Lyric Video)',
 721                 'description': 'md5:33765bb339e1b47e7e72b5490139bb41',
 722                 'duration': 246,
 723                 'uploader': 'LloydVEVO',
 724                 'uploader_id': 'LloydVEVO',
 725                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/LloydVEVO',
 726                 'upload_date': '20110629',
 727                 'age_limit': 18,
 728             },
 729         },
 730         # video_info is None (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4421)
 731         # YouTube Red ad is not captured for creator
 732         {
 733             'url': '__2ABJjxzNo',
 734             'info_dict': {
 735                 'id': '__2ABJjxzNo',
 736                 'ext': 'mp4',
 737                 'duration': 266,
 738                 'upload_date': '20100430',
 739                 'uploader_id': 'deadmau5',
 740                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/deadmau5',
 741                 'creator': 'deadmau5',
 742                 'description': 'md5:12c56784b8032162bb936a5f76d55360',
 743                 'uploader': 'deadmau5',
 744                 'title': 'Deadmau5 - Some Chords (HD)',
 745                 'alt_title': 'Some Chords',
 746             },
 747             'expected_warnings': [
 748                 'DASH manifest missing',
 749             ]
 750         },
 751         # Olympics (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4431)
 752         {
 753             'url': 'lqQg6PlCWgI',
 754             'info_dict': {
 755                 'id': 'lqQg6PlCWgI',
 756                 'ext': 'mp4',
 757                 'duration': 6085,
 758                 'upload_date': '20150827',
 759                 'uploader_id': 'olympic',
 760                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/olympic',
 761                 'description': 'HO09  - Women -  GER-AUS - Hockey - 31 July 2012 - London 2012 Olympic Games',
 762                 'uploader': 'Olympic',
 763                 'title': 'Hockey - Women -  GER-AUS - London 2012 Olympic Games',
 764             },
 765             'params': {
 766                 'skip_download': 'requires avconv',
 767             }
 768         },
 769         # Non-square pixels
 770         {
 771             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_b-2C3KPAM0',
 772             'info_dict': {
 773                 'id': '_b-2C3KPAM0',
 774                 'ext': 'mp4',
 775                 'stretched_ratio': 16 / 9.,
 776                 'duration': 85,
 777                 'upload_date': '20110310',
 778                 'uploader_id': 'AllenMeow',
 779                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/AllenMeow',
 780                 'description': 'made by Wacom from Korea | 字幕&加油添醋 by TY\'s Allen | 感謝heylisa00cavey1001同學熱情提供梗及翻譯',
 781                 'uploader': '孫ᄋᄅ',
 782                 'title': '[A-made] 變態妍字幕版 太妍 我就是這樣的人',
 783             },
 784         },
 785         # url_encoded_fmt_stream_map is empty string
 786         {
 787             'url': 'qEJwOuvDf7I',
 788             'info_dict': {
 789                 'id': 'qEJwOuvDf7I',
 790                 'ext': 'webm',
 791                 'title': 'Обсуждение судебной практики по выборам 14 сентября 2014 года в Санкт-Петербурге',
 792                 'description': '',
 793                 'upload_date': '20150404',
 794                 'uploader_id': 'spbelect',
 795                 'uploader': 'Наблюдатели Петербурга',
 796             },
 797             'params': {
 798                 'skip_download': 'requires avconv',
 799             },
 800             'skip': 'This live event has ended.',
 801         },
 802         # Extraction from multiple DASH manifests (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/6097)
 803         {
 804             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FIl7x6_3R5Y',
 805             'info_dict': {
 806                 'id': 'FIl7x6_3R5Y',
 807                 'ext': 'webm',
 808                 'title': 'md5:7b81415841e02ecd4313668cde88737a',
 809                 'description': 'md5:116377fd2963b81ec4ce64b542173306',
 810                 'duration': 220,
 811                 'upload_date': '20150625',
 812                 'uploader_id': 'dorappi2000',
 813                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/dorappi2000',
 814                 'uploader': 'dorappi2000',
 815                 'formats': 'mincount:31',
 816             },
 817             'skip': 'not actual anymore',
 818         },
 819         # DASH manifest with segment_list
 820         {
 821             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/embed/CsmdDsKjzN8',
 822             'md5': '8ce563a1d667b599d21064e982ab9e31',
 823             'info_dict': {
 824                 'id': 'CsmdDsKjzN8',
 825                 'ext': 'mp4',
 826                 'upload_date': '20150501',  # According to '<meta itemprop="datePublished"', but in other places it's 20150510
 827                 'uploader': 'Airtek',
 828                 'description': 'Retransmisión en directo de la XVIII media maratón de Zaragoza.',
 829                 'uploader_id': 'UCzTzUmjXxxacNnL8I3m4LnQ',
 830                 'title': 'Retransmisión XVIII Media maratón Zaragoza 2015',
 831             },
 832             'params': {
 833                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 834                 'format': '135',  # bestvideo
 835             },
 836             'skip': 'This live event has ended.',
 837         },
 838         {
 839             # Multifeed videos (multiple cameras), URL is for Main Camera
 840             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jqWvoWXjCVs',
 841             'info_dict': {
 842                 'id': 'jqWvoWXjCVs',
 843                 'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream',
 844                 'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 845             },
 846             'playlist': [{
 847                 'info_dict': {
 848                     'id': 'jqWvoWXjCVs',
 849                     'ext': 'mp4',
 850                     'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream (Main Camera)',
 851                     'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 852                     'duration': 7335,
 853                     'upload_date': '20150721',
 854                     'uploader': 'Beer Games Beer',
 855                     'uploader_id': 'beergamesbeer',
 856                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/beergamesbeer',
 857                     'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
 858                 },
 859             }, {
 860                 'info_dict': {
 861                     'id': '6h8e8xoXJzg',
 862                     'ext': 'mp4',
 863                     'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream (kreestuh)',
 864                     'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 865                     'duration': 7337,
 866                     'upload_date': '20150721',
 867                     'uploader': 'Beer Games Beer',
 868                     'uploader_id': 'beergamesbeer',
 869                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/beergamesbeer',
 870                     'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
 871                 },
 872             }, {
 873                 'info_dict': {
 874                     'id': 'PUOgX5z9xZw',
 875                     'ext': 'mp4',
 876                     'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream (grizzle)',
 877                     'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 878                     'duration': 7337,
 879                     'upload_date': '20150721',
 880                     'uploader': 'Beer Games Beer',
 881                     'uploader_id': 'beergamesbeer',
 882                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/beergamesbeer',
 883                     'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
 884                 },
 885             }, {
 886                 'info_dict': {
 887                     'id': 'teuwxikvS5k',
 888                     'ext': 'mp4',
 889                     'title': 'teamPGP: Rocket League Noob Stream (zim)',
 890                     'description': 'md5:dc7872fb300e143831327f1bae3af010',
 891                     'duration': 7334,
 892                     'upload_date': '20150721',
 893                     'uploader': 'Beer Games Beer',
 894                     'uploader_id': 'beergamesbeer',
 895                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/beergamesbeer',
 896                     'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
 897                 },
 898             }],
 899             'params': {
 900                 'skip_download': True,
 901             },
 902             'skip': 'This video is not available.',
 903         },
 904         {
 905             # Multifeed video with comma in title (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8536)
 906             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gVfLd0zydlo',
 907             'info_dict': {
 908                 'id': 'gVfLd0zydlo',
 909                 'title': 'DevConf.cz 2016 Day 2 Workshops 1 14:00 - 15:30',
 910             },
 911             'playlist_count': 2,
 912             'skip': 'Not multifeed anymore',
 913         },
 914         {
 915             'url': 'https://vid.plus/FlRa-iH7PGw',
 916             'only_matching': True,
 917         },
 918         {
 919             'url': 'https://zwearz.com/watch/9lWxNJF-ufM/electra-woman-dyna-girl-official-trailer-grace-helbig.html',
 920             'only_matching': True,
 921         },
 922         {
 923             # Title with JS-like syntax "};" (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7468)
 924             # Also tests cut-off URL expansion in video description (see
 925             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/1892,
 926             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8164)
 927             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lsguqyKfVQg',
 928             'info_dict': {
 929                 'id': 'lsguqyKfVQg',
 930                 'ext': 'mp4',
 931                 'title': '{dark walk}; Loki/AC/Dishonored; collab w/Elflover21',
 932                 'alt_title': 'Dark Walk - Position Music',
 933                 'description': 'md5:8085699c11dc3f597ce0410b0dcbb34a',
 934                 'duration': 133,
 935                 'upload_date': '20151119',
 936                 'uploader_id': 'IronSoulElf',
 937                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/IronSoulElf',
 938                 'uploader': 'IronSoulElf',
 939                 'creator': 'Todd Haberman,  Daniel Law Heath and Aaron Kaplan',
 940                 'track': 'Dark Walk - Position Music',
 941                 'artist': 'Todd Haberman,  Daniel Law Heath and Aaron Kaplan',
 942                 'album': 'Position Music - Production Music Vol. 143 - Dark Walk',
 943             },
 944             'params': {
 945                 'skip_download': True,
 946             },
 947         },
 948         {
 949             # Tags with '};' (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7468)
 950             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ms7iBXnlUO8',
 951             'only_matching': True,
 952         },
 953         {
 954             # Video with yt:stretch=17:0
 955             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q39EVAstoRM',
 956             'info_dict': {
 957                 'id': 'Q39EVAstoRM',
 958                 'ext': 'mp4',
 959                 'title': 'Clash Of Clans#14 Dicas De Ataque Para CV 4',
 960                 'description': 'md5:ee18a25c350637c8faff806845bddee9',
 961                 'upload_date': '20151107',
 962                 'uploader_id': 'UCCr7TALkRbo3EtFzETQF1LA',
 963                 'uploader': 'CH GAMER DROID',
 964             },
 965             'params': {
 966                 'skip_download': True,
 967             },
 968             'skip': 'This video does not exist.',
 969         },
 970         {
 971             # Video licensed under Creative Commons
 972             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M4gD1WSo5mA',
 973             'info_dict': {
 974                 'id': 'M4gD1WSo5mA',
 975                 'ext': 'mp4',
 976                 'title': 'md5:e41008789470fc2533a3252216f1c1d1',
 977                 'description': 'md5:a677553cf0840649b731a3024aeff4cc',
 978                 'duration': 721,
 979                 'upload_date': '20150127',
 980                 'uploader_id': 'BerkmanCenter',
 981                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/BerkmanCenter',
 982                 'uploader': 'The Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society',
 983                 'license': 'Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed)',
 984             },
 985             'params': {
 986                 'skip_download': True,
 987             },
 988         },
 989         {
 990             # Channel-like uploader_url
 991             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eQcmzGIKrzg',
 992             'info_dict': {
 993                 'id': 'eQcmzGIKrzg',
 994                 'ext': 'mp4',
 995                 'title': 'Democratic Socialism and Foreign Policy | Bernie Sanders',
 996                 'description': 'md5:dda0d780d5a6e120758d1711d062a867',
 997                 'duration': 4060,
 998                 'upload_date': '20151119',
 999                 'uploader': 'Bernie Sanders',
1000                 'uploader_id': 'UCH1dpzjCEiGAt8CXkryhkZg',
1001                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCH1dpzjCEiGAt8CXkryhkZg',
1002                 'license': 'Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed)',
1003             },
1004             'params': {
1005                 'skip_download': True,
1006             },
1007         },
1008         {
1009             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;amp;v=V36LpHqtcDY',
1010             'only_matching': True,
1011         },
1012         {
1013             # YouTube Red paid video (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/10059)
1014             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i1Ko8UG-Tdo',
1015             'only_matching': True,
1016         },
1017         {
1018             # Rental video preview
1019             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yYr8q0y5Jfg',
1020             'info_dict': {
1021                 'id': 'uGpuVWrhIzE',
1022                 'ext': 'mp4',
1023                 'title': 'Piku - Trailer',
1024                 'description': 'md5:c36bd60c3fd6f1954086c083c72092eb',
1025                 'upload_date': '20150811',
1026                 'uploader': 'FlixMatrix',
1027                 'uploader_id': 'FlixMatrixKaravan',
1028                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/FlixMatrixKaravan',
1029                 'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
1030             },
1031             'params': {
1032                 'skip_download': True,
1033             },
1034             'skip': 'This video is not available.',
1035         },
1036         {
1037             # YouTube Red video with episode data
1038             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iqKdEhx-dD4',
1039             'info_dict': {
1040                 'id': 'iqKdEhx-dD4',
1041                 'ext': 'mp4',
1042                 'title': 'Isolation - Mind Field (Ep 1)',
1043                 'description': 'md5:46a29be4ceffa65b92d277b93f463c0f',
1044                 'duration': 2085,
1045                 'upload_date': '20170118',
1046                 'uploader': 'Vsauce',
1047                 'uploader_id': 'Vsauce',
1048                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/Vsauce',
1049                 'series': 'Mind Field',
1050                 'season_number': 1,
1051                 'episode_number': 1,
1052             },
1053             'params': {
1054                 'skip_download': True,
1055             },
1056             'expected_warnings': [
1057                 'Skipping DASH manifest',
1058             ],
1059         },
1060         {
1061             # The following content has been identified by the YouTube community
1062             # as inappropriate or offensive to some audiences.
1063             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6SJNVb0GnPI',
1064             'info_dict': {
1065                 'id': '6SJNVb0GnPI',
1066                 'ext': 'mp4',
1067                 'title': 'Race Differences in Intelligence',
1068                 'description': 'md5:5d161533167390427a1f8ee89a1fc6f1',
1069                 'duration': 965,
1070                 'upload_date': '20140124',
1071                 'uploader': 'New Century Foundation',
1072                 'uploader_id': 'UCEJYpZGqgUob0zVVEaLhvVg',
1073                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCEJYpZGqgUob0zVVEaLhvVg',
1074             },
1075             'params': {
1076                 'skip_download': True,
1077             },
1078         },
1079         {
1080             # itag 212
1081             'url': '1t24XAntNCY',
1082             'only_matching': True,
1083         },
1084         {
1085             # geo restricted to JP
1086             'url': 'sJL6WA-aGkQ',
1087             'only_matching': True,
1088         },
1089         {
1090             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MuAGGZNfUkU&list=RDMM',
1091             'only_matching': True,
1092         },
1093         {
1094             'url': 'https://invidio.us/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc',
1095             'only_matching': True,
1096         },
1097         {
1098             # DRM protected
1099             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s7_qI6_mIXc',
1100             'only_matching': True,
1101         },
1102         {
1103             # Video with unsupported adaptive stream type formats
1104             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z4Vy8R84T1U',
1105             'info_dict': {
1106                 'id': 'Z4Vy8R84T1U',
1107                 'ext': 'mp4',
1108                 'title': 'saman SMAN 53 Jakarta(Sancety) opening COFFEE4th at SMAN 53 Jakarta',
1109                 'description': 'md5:d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e',
1110                 'duration': 433,
1111                 'upload_date': '20130923',
1112                 'uploader': 'Amelia Putri Harwita',
1113                 'uploader_id': 'UCpOxM49HJxmC1qCalXyB3_Q',
1114                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCpOxM49HJxmC1qCalXyB3_Q',
1115                 'formats': 'maxcount:10',
1116             },
1117             'params': {
1118                 'skip_download': True,
1119                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': False,
1120             },
1121         },
1122         {
1123             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1124             'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/watch?v=MgNrAu2pzNs',
1125             'info_dict': {
1126                 'id': 'MgNrAu2pzNs',
1127                 'ext': 'mp4',
1128                 'title': 'Voyeur Girl',
1129                 'description': 'md5:7ae382a65843d6df2685993e90a8628f',
1130                 'upload_date': '20190312',
1131                 'uploader': 'Various Artists - Topic',
1132                 'uploader_id': 'UCVWKBi1ELZn0QX2CBLSkiyw',
1133                 'artist': 'Stephen',
1134                 'track': 'Voyeur Girl',
1135                 'album': 'it\'s too much love to know my dear',
1136                 'release_date': '20190313',
1137                 'release_year': 2019,
1138             },
1139             'params': {
1140                 'skip_download': True,
1141             },
1142         },
1143         {
1144             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1145             # Retrieve 'artist' field from 'Artist:' in video description
1146             # when it is present on youtube music video
1147             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k0jLE7tTwjY',
1148             'info_dict': {
1149                 'id': 'k0jLE7tTwjY',
1150                 'ext': 'mp4',
1151                 'title': 'Latch Feat. Sam Smith',
1152                 'description': 'md5:3cb1e8101a7c85fcba9b4fb41b951335',
1153                 'upload_date': '20150110',
1154                 'uploader': 'Various Artists - Topic',
1155                 'uploader_id': 'UCNkEcmYdjrH4RqtNgh7BZ9w',
1156                 'artist': 'Disclosure',
1157                 'track': 'Latch Feat. Sam Smith',
1158                 'album': 'Latch Featuring Sam Smith',
1159                 'release_date': '20121008',
1160                 'release_year': 2012,
1161             },
1162             'params': {
1163                 'skip_download': True,
1164             },
1165         },
1166         {
1167             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1168             # handle multiple artists on youtube music video
1169             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=74qn0eJSjpA',
1170             'info_dict': {
1171                 'id': '74qn0eJSjpA',
1172                 'ext': 'mp4',
1173                 'title': 'Eastside',
1174                 'description': 'md5:290516bb73dcbfab0dcc4efe6c3de5f2',
1175                 'upload_date': '20180710',
1176                 'uploader': 'Benny Blanco - Topic',
1177                 'uploader_id': 'UCzqz_ksRu_WkIzmivMdIS7A',
1178                 'artist': 'benny blanco, Halsey, Khalid',
1179                 'track': 'Eastside',
1180                 'album': 'Eastside',
1181                 'release_date': '20180713',
1182                 'release_year': 2018,
1183             },
1184             'params': {
1185                 'skip_download': True,
1186             },
1187         },
1188         {
1189             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1190             # handle youtube music video with release_year and no release_date
1191             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-hcAI0g-f5M',
1192             'info_dict': {
1193                 'id': '-hcAI0g-f5M',
1194                 'ext': 'mp4',
1195                 'title': 'Put It On Me',
1196                 'description': 'md5:93c55acc682ae7b0c668f2e34e1c069e',
1197                 'upload_date': '20180426',
1198                 'uploader': 'Matt Maeson - Topic',
1199                 'uploader_id': 'UCnEkIGqtGcQMLk73Kp-Q5LQ',
1200                 'artist': 'Matt Maeson',
1201                 'track': 'Put It On Me',
1202                 'album': 'The Hearse',
1203                 'release_date': None,
1204                 'release_year': 2018,
1205             },
1206             'params': {
1207                 'skip_download': True,
1208             },
1209         },
1210     ]
1211
1212     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
1213         super(YoutubeIE, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
1214         self._player_cache = {}
1215
1216     def report_video_info_webpage_download(self, video_id):
1217         """Report attempt to download video info webpage."""
1218         self.to_screen('%s: Downloading video info webpage' % video_id)
1219
1220     def report_information_extraction(self, video_id):
1221         """Report attempt to extract video information."""
1222         self.to_screen('%s: Extracting video information' % video_id)
1223
1224     def report_unavailable_format(self, video_id, format):
1225         """Report extracted video URL."""
1226         self.to_screen('%s: Format %s not available' % (video_id, format))
1227
1228     def report_rtmp_download(self):
1229         """Indicate the download will use the RTMP protocol."""
1230         self.to_screen('RTMP download detected')
1231
1232     def _signature_cache_id(self, example_sig):
1233         """ Return a string representation of a signature """
1234         return '.'.join(compat_str(len(part)) for part in example_sig.split('.'))
1235
1236     def _extract_signature_function(self, video_id, player_url, example_sig):
1237         id_m = re.match(
1238             r'.*?-(?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)(?:/watch_as3|/html5player(?:-new)?|(?:/[a-z]{2,3}_[A-Z]{2})?/base)?\.(?P<ext>[a-z]+)$',
1239             player_url)
1240         if not id_m:
1241             raise ExtractorError('Cannot identify player %r' % player_url)
1242         player_type = id_m.group('ext')
1243         player_id = id_m.group('id')
1244
1245         # Read from filesystem cache
1246         func_id = '%s_%s_%s' % (
1247             player_type, player_id, self._signature_cache_id(example_sig))
1248         assert os.path.basename(func_id) == func_id
1249
1250         cache_spec = self._downloader.cache.load('youtube-sigfuncs', func_id)
1251         if cache_spec is not None:
1252             return lambda s: ''.join(s[i] for i in cache_spec)
1253
1254         download_note = (
1255             'Downloading player %s' % player_url
1256             if self._downloader.params.get('verbose') else
1257             'Downloading %s player %s' % (player_type, player_id)
1258         )
1259         if player_type == 'js':
1260             code = self._download_webpage(
1261                 player_url, video_id,
1262                 note=download_note,
1263                 errnote='Download of %s failed' % player_url)
1264             res = self._parse_sig_js(code)
1265         elif player_type == 'swf':
1266             urlh = self._request_webpage(
1267                 player_url, video_id,
1268                 note=download_note,
1269                 errnote='Download of %s failed' % player_url)
1270             code = urlh.read()
1271             res = self._parse_sig_swf(code)
1272         else:
1273             assert False, 'Invalid player type %r' % player_type
1274
1275         test_string = ''.join(map(compat_chr, range(len(example_sig))))
1276         cache_res = res(test_string)
1277         cache_spec = [ord(c) for c in cache_res]
1278
1279         self._downloader.cache.store('youtube-sigfuncs', func_id, cache_spec)
1280         return res
1281
1282     def _print_sig_code(self, func, example_sig):
1283         def gen_sig_code(idxs):
1284             def _genslice(start, end, step):
1285                 starts = '' if start == 0 else str(start)
1286                 ends = (':%d' % (end + step)) if end + step >= 0 else ':'
1287                 steps = '' if step == 1 else (':%d' % step)
1288                 return 's[%s%s%s]' % (starts, ends, steps)
1289
1290             step = None
1291             # Quelch pyflakes warnings - start will be set when step is set
1292             start = '(Never used)'
1293             for i, prev in zip(idxs[1:], idxs[:-1]):
1294                 if step is not None:
1295                     if i - prev == step:
1296                         continue
1297                     yield _genslice(start, prev, step)
1298                     step = None
1299                     continue
1300                 if i - prev in [-1, 1]:
1301                     step = i - prev
1302                     start = prev
1303                     continue
1304                 else:
1305                     yield 's[%d]' % prev
1306             if step is None:
1307                 yield 's[%d]' % i
1308             else:
1309                 yield _genslice(start, i, step)
1310
1311         test_string = ''.join(map(compat_chr, range(len(example_sig))))
1312         cache_res = func(test_string)
1313         cache_spec = [ord(c) for c in cache_res]
1314         expr_code = ' + '.join(gen_sig_code(cache_spec))
1315         signature_id_tuple = '(%s)' % (
1316             ', '.join(compat_str(len(p)) for p in example_sig.split('.')))
1317         code = ('if tuple(len(p) for p in s.split(\'.\')) == %s:\n'
1318                 '    return %s\n') % (signature_id_tuple, expr_code)
1319         self.to_screen('Extracted signature function:\n' + code)
1320
1321     def _parse_sig_js(self, jscode):
1322         funcname = self._search_regex(
1323             (r'\b[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*encodeURIComponent\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1324              r'\b[a-zA-Z0-9]+\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*encodeURIComponent\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1325              r'(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\s*=\s*function\(\s*a\s*\)\s*{\s*a\s*=\s*a\.split\(\s*""\s*\)',
1326              # Obsolete patterns
1327              r'(["\'])signature\1\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1328              r'\.sig\|\|(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1329              r'yt\.akamaized\.net/\)\s*\|\|\s*.*?\s*[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?:encodeURIComponent\s*\()?\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1330              r'\b[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1331              r'\b[a-zA-Z0-9]+\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1332              r'\bc\s*&&\s*a\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*\([^)]*\)\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1333              r'\bc\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*\([^)]*\)\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1334              r'\bc\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*\([^)]*\)\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\('),
1335             jscode, 'Initial JS player signature function name', group='sig')
1336
1337         jsi = JSInterpreter(jscode)
1338         initial_function = jsi.extract_function(funcname)
1339         return lambda s: initial_function([s])
1340
1341     def _parse_sig_swf(self, file_contents):
1342         swfi = SWFInterpreter(file_contents)
1343         TARGET_CLASSNAME = 'SignatureDecipher'
1344         searched_class = swfi.extract_class(TARGET_CLASSNAME)
1345         initial_function = swfi.extract_function(searched_class, 'decipher')
1346         return lambda s: initial_function([s])
1347
1348     def _decrypt_signature(self, s, video_id, player_url, age_gate=False):
1349         """Turn the encrypted s field into a working signature"""
1350
1351         if player_url is None:
1352             raise ExtractorError('Cannot decrypt signature without player_url')
1353
1354         if player_url.startswith('//'):
1355             player_url = 'https:' + player_url
1356         elif not re.match(r'https?://', player_url):
1357             player_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin(
1358                 'https://www.youtube.com', player_url)
1359         try:
1360             player_id = (player_url, self._signature_cache_id(s))
1361             if player_id not in self._player_cache:
1362                 func = self._extract_signature_function(
1363                     video_id, player_url, s
1364                 )
1365                 self._player_cache[player_id] = func
1366             func = self._player_cache[player_id]
1367             if self._downloader.params.get('youtube_print_sig_code'):
1368                 self._print_sig_code(func, s)
1369             return func(s)
1370         except Exception as e:
1371             tb = traceback.format_exc()
1372             raise ExtractorError(
1373                 'Signature extraction failed: ' + tb, cause=e)
1374
1375     def _get_subtitles(self, video_id, webpage):
1376         try:
1377             subs_doc = self._download_xml(
1378                 'https://video.google.com/timedtext?hl=en&type=list&v=%s' % video_id,
1379                 video_id, note=False)
1380         except ExtractorError as err:
1381             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to download video subtitles: %s' % error_to_compat_str(err))
1382             return {}
1383
1384         sub_lang_list = {}
1385         for track in subs_doc.findall('track'):
1386             lang = track.attrib['lang_code']
1387             if lang in sub_lang_list:
1388                 continue
1389             sub_formats = []
1390             for ext in self._SUBTITLE_FORMATS:
1391                 params = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
1392                     'lang': lang,
1393                     'v': video_id,
1394                     'fmt': ext,
1395                     'name': track.attrib['name'].encode('utf-8'),
1396                 })
1397                 sub_formats.append({
1398                     'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/api/timedtext?' + params,
1399                     'ext': ext,
1400                 })
1401             sub_lang_list[lang] = sub_formats
1402         if not sub_lang_list:
1403             self._downloader.report_warning('video doesn\'t have subtitles')
1404             return {}
1405         return sub_lang_list
1406
1407     def _get_ytplayer_config(self, video_id, webpage):
1408         patterns = (
1409             # User data may contain arbitrary character sequences that may affect
1410             # JSON extraction with regex, e.g. when '};' is contained the second
1411             # regex won't capture the whole JSON. Yet working around by trying more
1412             # concrete regex first keeping in mind proper quoted string handling
1413             # to be implemented in future that will replace this workaround (see
1414             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7468,
1415             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/7599)
1416             r';ytplayer\.config\s*=\s*({.+?});ytplayer',
1417             r';ytplayer\.config\s*=\s*({.+?});',
1418         )
1419         config = self._search_regex(
1420             patterns, webpage, 'ytplayer.config', default=None)
1421         if config:
1422             return self._parse_json(
1423                 uppercase_escape(config), video_id, fatal=False)
1424
1425     def _get_automatic_captions(self, video_id, webpage):
1426         """We need the webpage for getting the captions url, pass it as an
1427            argument to speed up the process."""
1428         self.to_screen('%s: Looking for automatic captions' % video_id)
1429         player_config = self._get_ytplayer_config(video_id, webpage)
1430         err_msg = 'Couldn\'t find automatic captions for %s' % video_id
1431         if not player_config:
1432             self._downloader.report_warning(err_msg)
1433             return {}
1434         try:
1435             args = player_config['args']
1436             caption_url = args.get('ttsurl')
1437             if caption_url:
1438                 timestamp = args['timestamp']
1439                 # We get the available subtitles
1440                 list_params = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
1441                     'type': 'list',
1442                     'tlangs': 1,
1443                     'asrs': 1,
1444                 })
1445                 list_url = caption_url + '&' + list_params
1446                 caption_list = self._download_xml(list_url, video_id)
1447                 original_lang_node = caption_list.find('track')
1448                 if original_lang_node is None:
1449                     self._downloader.report_warning('Video doesn\'t have automatic captions')
1450                     return {}
1451                 original_lang = original_lang_node.attrib['lang_code']
1452                 caption_kind = original_lang_node.attrib.get('kind', '')
1453
1454                 sub_lang_list = {}
1455                 for lang_node in caption_list.findall('target'):
1456                     sub_lang = lang_node.attrib['lang_code']
1457                     sub_formats = []
1458                     for ext in self._SUBTITLE_FORMATS:
1459                         params = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
1460                             'lang': original_lang,
1461                             'tlang': sub_lang,
1462                             'fmt': ext,
1463                             'ts': timestamp,
1464                             'kind': caption_kind,
1465                         })
1466                         sub_formats.append({
1467                             'url': caption_url + '&' + params,
1468                             'ext': ext,
1469                         })
1470                     sub_lang_list[sub_lang] = sub_formats
1471                 return sub_lang_list
1472
1473             def make_captions(sub_url, sub_langs):
1474                 parsed_sub_url = compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(sub_url)
1475                 caption_qs = compat_parse_qs(parsed_sub_url.query)
1476                 captions = {}
1477                 for sub_lang in sub_langs:
1478                     sub_formats = []
1479                     for ext in self._SUBTITLE_FORMATS:
1480                         caption_qs.update({
1481                             'tlang': [sub_lang],
1482                             'fmt': [ext],
1483                         })
1484                         sub_url = compat_urlparse.urlunparse(parsed_sub_url._replace(
1485                             query=compat_urllib_parse_urlencode(caption_qs, True)))
1486                         sub_formats.append({
1487                             'url': sub_url,
1488                             'ext': ext,
1489                         })
1490                     captions[sub_lang] = sub_formats
1491                 return captions
1492
1493             # New captions format as of 22.06.2017
1494             player_response = args.get('player_response')
1495             if player_response and isinstance(player_response, compat_str):
1496                 player_response = self._parse_json(
1497                     player_response, video_id, fatal=False)
1498                 if player_response:
1499                     renderer = player_response['captions']['playerCaptionsTracklistRenderer']
1500                     base_url = renderer['captionTracks'][0]['baseUrl']
1501                     sub_lang_list = []
1502                     for lang in renderer['translationLanguages']:
1503                         lang_code = lang.get('languageCode')
1504                         if lang_code:
1505                             sub_lang_list.append(lang_code)
1506                     return make_captions(base_url, sub_lang_list)
1507
1508             # Some videos don't provide ttsurl but rather caption_tracks and
1509             # caption_translation_languages (e.g. 20LmZk1hakA)
1510             # Does not used anymore as of 22.06.2017
1511             caption_tracks = args['caption_tracks']
1512             caption_translation_languages = args['caption_translation_languages']
1513             caption_url = compat_parse_qs(caption_tracks.split(',')[0])['u'][0]
1514             sub_lang_list = []
1515             for lang in caption_translation_languages.split(','):
1516                 lang_qs = compat_parse_qs(compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(lang))
1517                 sub_lang = lang_qs.get('lc', [None])[0]
1518                 if sub_lang:
1519                     sub_lang_list.append(sub_lang)
1520             return make_captions(caption_url, sub_lang_list)
1521         # An extractor error can be raise by the download process if there are
1522         # no automatic captions but there are subtitles
1523         except (KeyError, IndexError, ExtractorError):
1524             self._downloader.report_warning(err_msg)
1525             return {}
1526
1527     def _mark_watched(self, video_id, video_info, player_response):
1528         playback_url = url_or_none(try_get(
1529             player_response,
1530             lambda x: x['playbackTracking']['videostatsPlaybackUrl']['baseUrl']) or try_get(
1531             video_info, lambda x: x['videostats_playback_base_url'][0]))
1532         if not playback_url:
1533             return
1534         parsed_playback_url = compat_urlparse.urlparse(playback_url)
1535         qs = compat_urlparse.parse_qs(parsed_playback_url.query)
1536
1537         # cpn generation algorithm is reverse engineered from base.js.
1538         # In fact it works even with dummy cpn.
1539         CPN_ALPHABET = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789-_'
1540         cpn = ''.join((CPN_ALPHABET[random.randint(0, 256) & 63] for _ in range(0, 16)))
1541
1542         qs.update({
1543             'ver': ['2'],
1544             'cpn': [cpn],
1545         })
1546         playback_url = compat_urlparse.urlunparse(
1547             parsed_playback_url._replace(query=compat_urllib_parse_urlencode(qs, True)))
1548
1549         self._download_webpage(
1550             playback_url, video_id, 'Marking watched',
1551             'Unable to mark watched', fatal=False)
1552
1553     @staticmethod
1554     def _extract_urls(webpage):
1555         # Embedded YouTube player
1556         entries = [
1557             unescapeHTML(mobj.group('url'))
1558             for mobj in re.finditer(r'''(?x)
1559             (?:
1560                 <iframe[^>]+?src=|
1561                 data-video-url=|
1562                 <embed[^>]+?src=|
1563                 embedSWF\(?:\s*|
1564                 <object[^>]+data=|
1565                 new\s+SWFObject\(
1566             )
1567             (["\'])
1568                 (?P<url>(?:https?:)?//(?:www\.)?youtube(?:-nocookie)?\.com/
1569                 (?:embed|v|p)/[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}.*?)
1570             \1''', webpage)]
1571
1572         # lazyYT YouTube embed
1573         entries.extend(list(map(
1574             unescapeHTML,
1575             re.findall(r'class="lazyYT" data-youtube-id="([^"]+)"', webpage))))
1576
1577         # Wordpress "YouTube Video Importer" plugin
1578         matches = re.findall(r'''(?x)<div[^>]+
1579             class=(?P<q1>[\'"])[^\'"]*\byvii_single_video_player\b[^\'"]*(?P=q1)[^>]+
1580             data-video_id=(?P<q2>[\'"])([^\'"]+)(?P=q2)''', webpage)
1581         entries.extend(m[-1] for m in matches)
1582
1583         return entries
1584
1585     @staticmethod
1586     def _extract_url(webpage):
1587         urls = YoutubeIE._extract_urls(webpage)
1588         return urls[0] if urls else None
1589
1590     @classmethod
1591     def extract_id(cls, url):
1592         mobj = re.match(cls._VALID_URL, url, re.VERBOSE)
1593         if mobj is None:
1594             raise ExtractorError('Invalid URL: %s' % url)
1595         video_id = mobj.group(2)
1596         return video_id
1597
1598     def _extract_annotations(self, video_id):
1599         return self._download_webpage(
1600             'https://www.youtube.com/annotations_invideo', video_id,
1601             note='Downloading annotations',
1602             errnote='Unable to download video annotations', fatal=False,
1603             query={
1604                 'features': 1,
1605                 'legacy': 1,
1606                 'video_id': video_id,
1607             })
1608
1609     @staticmethod
1610     def _extract_chapters(description, duration):
1611         if not description:
1612             return None
1613         chapter_lines = re.findall(
1614             r'(?:^|<br\s*/>)([^<]*<a[^>]+onclick=["\']yt\.www\.watch\.player\.seekTo[^>]+>(\d{1,2}:\d{1,2}(?::\d{1,2})?)</a>[^>]*)(?=$|<br\s*/>)',
1615             description)
1616         if not chapter_lines:
1617             return None
1618         chapters = []
1619         for next_num, (chapter_line, time_point) in enumerate(
1620                 chapter_lines, start=1):
1621             start_time = parse_duration(time_point)
1622             if start_time is None:
1623                 continue
1624             if start_time > duration:
1625                 break
1626             end_time = (duration if next_num == len(chapter_lines)
1627                         else parse_duration(chapter_lines[next_num][1]))
1628             if end_time is None:
1629                 continue
1630             if end_time > duration:
1631                 end_time = duration
1632             if start_time > end_time:
1633                 break
1634             chapter_title = re.sub(
1635                 r'<a[^>]+>[^<]+</a>', '', chapter_line).strip(' \t-')
1636             chapter_title = re.sub(r'\s+', ' ', chapter_title)
1637             chapters.append({
1638                 'start_time': start_time,
1639                 'end_time': end_time,
1640                 'title': chapter_title,
1641             })
1642         return chapters
1643
1644     def _real_extract(self, url):
1645         url, smuggled_data = unsmuggle_url(url, {})
1646
1647         proto = (
1648             'http' if self._downloader.params.get('prefer_insecure', False)
1649             else 'https')
1650
1651         start_time = None
1652         end_time = None
1653         parsed_url = compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(url)
1654         for component in [parsed_url.fragment, parsed_url.query]:
1655             query = compat_parse_qs(component)
1656             if start_time is None and 't' in query:
1657                 start_time = parse_duration(query['t'][0])
1658             if start_time is None and 'start' in query:
1659                 start_time = parse_duration(query['start'][0])
1660             if end_time is None and 'end' in query:
1661                 end_time = parse_duration(query['end'][0])
1662
1663         # Extract original video URL from URL with redirection, like age verification, using next_url parameter
1664         mobj = re.search(self._NEXT_URL_RE, url)
1665         if mobj:
1666             url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/' + compat_urllib_parse_unquote(mobj.group(1)).lstrip('/')
1667         video_id = self.extract_id(url)
1668
1669         # Get video webpage
1670         url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s&gl=US&hl=en&has_verified=1&bpctr=9999999999' % video_id
1671         video_webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
1672
1673         # Attempt to extract SWF player URL
1674         mobj = re.search(r'swfConfig.*?"(https?:\\/\\/.*?watch.*?-.*?\.swf)"', video_webpage)
1675         if mobj is not None:
1676             player_url = re.sub(r'\\(.)', r'\1', mobj.group(1))
1677         else:
1678             player_url = None
1679
1680         dash_mpds = []
1681
1682         def add_dash_mpd(video_info):
1683             dash_mpd = video_info.get('dashmpd')
1684             if dash_mpd and dash_mpd[0] not in dash_mpds:
1685                 dash_mpds.append(dash_mpd[0])
1686
1687         def add_dash_mpd_pr(pl_response):
1688             dash_mpd = url_or_none(try_get(
1689                 pl_response, lambda x: x['streamingData']['dashManifestUrl'],
1690                 compat_str))
1691             if dash_mpd and dash_mpd not in dash_mpds:
1692                 dash_mpds.append(dash_mpd)
1693
1694         is_live = None
1695         view_count = None
1696
1697         def extract_view_count(v_info):
1698             return int_or_none(try_get(v_info, lambda x: x['view_count'][0]))
1699
1700         def extract_token(v_info):
1701             return dict_get(v_info, ('account_playback_token', 'accountPlaybackToken', 'token'))
1702
1703         def extract_player_response(player_response, video_id):
1704             pl_response = str_or_none(player_response)
1705             if not pl_response:
1706                 return
1707             pl_response = self._parse_json(pl_response, video_id, fatal=False)
1708             if isinstance(pl_response, dict):
1709                 add_dash_mpd_pr(pl_response)
1710                 return pl_response
1711
1712         player_response = {}
1713
1714         # Get video info
1715         embed_webpage = None
1716         if re.search(r'player-age-gate-content">', video_webpage) is not None:
1717             age_gate = True
1718             # We simulate the access to the video from www.youtube.com/v/{video_id}
1719             # this can be viewed without login into Youtube
1720             url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/embed/%s' % video_id
1721             embed_webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id, 'Downloading embed webpage')
1722             data = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
1723                 'video_id': video_id,
1724                 'eurl': 'https://youtube.googleapis.com/v/' + video_id,
1725                 'sts': self._search_regex(
1726                     r'"sts"\s*:\s*(\d+)', embed_webpage, 'sts', default=''),
1727             })
1728             video_info_url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/get_video_info?' + data
1729             video_info_webpage = self._download_webpage(
1730                 video_info_url, video_id,
1731                 note='Refetching age-gated info webpage',
1732                 errnote='unable to download video info webpage')
1733             video_info = compat_parse_qs(video_info_webpage)
1734             pl_response = video_info.get('player_response', [None])[0]
1735             player_response = extract_player_response(pl_response, video_id)
1736             add_dash_mpd(video_info)
1737             view_count = extract_view_count(video_info)
1738         else:
1739             age_gate = False
1740             video_info = None
1741             sts = None
1742             # Try looking directly into the video webpage
1743             ytplayer_config = self._get_ytplayer_config(video_id, video_webpage)
1744             if ytplayer_config:
1745                 args = ytplayer_config['args']
1746                 if args.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map') or args.get('hlsvp'):
1747                     # Convert to the same format returned by compat_parse_qs
1748                     video_info = dict((k, [v]) for k, v in args.items())
1749                     add_dash_mpd(video_info)
1750                 # Rental video is not rented but preview is available (e.g.
1751                 # https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yYr8q0y5Jfg,
1752                 # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/10532)
1753                 if not video_info and args.get('ypc_vid'):
1754                     return self.url_result(
1755                         args['ypc_vid'], YoutubeIE.ie_key(), video_id=args['ypc_vid'])
1756                 if args.get('livestream') == '1' or args.get('live_playback') == 1:
1757                     is_live = True
1758                 sts = ytplayer_config.get('sts')
1759                 if not player_response:
1760                     player_response = extract_player_response(args.get('player_response'), video_id)
1761             if not video_info or self._downloader.params.get('youtube_include_dash_manifest', True):
1762                 add_dash_mpd_pr(player_response)
1763                 # We also try looking in get_video_info since it may contain different dashmpd
1764                 # URL that points to a DASH manifest with possibly different itag set (some itags
1765                 # are missing from DASH manifest pointed by webpage's dashmpd, some - from DASH
1766                 # manifest pointed by get_video_info's dashmpd).
1767                 # The general idea is to take a union of itags of both DASH manifests (for example
1768                 # video with such 'manifest behavior' see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/6093)
1769                 self.report_video_info_webpage_download(video_id)
1770                 for el in ('embedded', 'detailpage', 'vevo', ''):
1771                     query = {
1772                         'video_id': video_id,
1773                         'ps': 'default',
1774                         'eurl': '',
1775                         'gl': 'US',
1776                         'hl': 'en',
1777                     }
1778                     if el:
1779                         query['el'] = el
1780                     if sts:
1781                         query['sts'] = sts
1782                     video_info_webpage = self._download_webpage(
1783                         '%s://www.youtube.com/get_video_info' % proto,
1784                         video_id, note=False,
1785                         errnote='unable to download video info webpage',
1786                         fatal=False, query=query)
1787                     if not video_info_webpage:
1788                         continue
1789                     get_video_info = compat_parse_qs(video_info_webpage)
1790                     if not player_response:
1791                         pl_response = get_video_info.get('player_response', [None])[0]
1792                         player_response = extract_player_response(pl_response, video_id)
1793                     add_dash_mpd(get_video_info)
1794                     if view_count is None:
1795                         view_count = extract_view_count(get_video_info)
1796                     if not video_info:
1797                         video_info = get_video_info
1798                     get_token = extract_token(get_video_info)
1799                     if get_token:
1800                         # Different get_video_info requests may report different results, e.g.
1801                         # some may report video unavailability, but some may serve it without
1802                         # any complaint (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7362,
1803                         # the original webpage as well as el=info and el=embedded get_video_info
1804                         # requests report video unavailability due to geo restriction while
1805                         # el=detailpage succeeds and returns valid data). This is probably
1806                         # due to YouTube measures against IP ranges of hosting providers.
1807                         # Working around by preferring the first succeeded video_info containing
1808                         # the token if no such video_info yet was found.
1809                         token = extract_token(video_info)
1810                         if not token:
1811                             video_info = get_video_info
1812                         break
1813
1814         def extract_unavailable_message():
1815             return self._html_search_regex(
1816                 r'(?s)<h1[^>]+id="unavailable-message"[^>]*>(.+?)</h1>',
1817                 video_webpage, 'unavailable message', default=None)
1818
1819         if not video_info:
1820             unavailable_message = extract_unavailable_message()
1821             if not unavailable_message:
1822                 unavailable_message = 'Unable to extract video data'
1823             raise ExtractorError(
1824                 'YouTube said: %s' % unavailable_message, expected=True, video_id=video_id)
1825
1826         video_details = try_get(
1827             player_response, lambda x: x['videoDetails'], dict) or {}
1828
1829         video_title = video_info.get('title', [None])[0] or video_details.get('title')
1830         if not video_title:
1831             self._downloader.report_warning('Unable to extract video title')
1832             video_title = '_'
1833
1834         description_original = video_description = get_element_by_id("eow-description", video_webpage)
1835         if video_description:
1836
1837             def replace_url(m):
1838                 redir_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin(url, m.group(1))
1839                 parsed_redir_url = compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(redir_url)
1840                 if re.search(r'^(?:www\.)?(?:youtube(?:-nocookie)?\.com|youtu\.be)$', parsed_redir_url.netloc) and parsed_redir_url.path == '/redirect':
1841                     qs = compat_parse_qs(parsed_redir_url.query)
1842                     q = qs.get('q')
1843                     if q and q[0]:
1844                         return q[0]
1845                 return redir_url
1846
1847             description_original = video_description = re.sub(r'''(?x)
1848                 <a\s+
1849                     (?:[a-zA-Z-]+="[^"]*"\s+)*?
1850                     (?:title|href)="([^"]+)"\s+
1851                     (?:[a-zA-Z-]+="[^"]*"\s+)*?
1852                     class="[^"]*"[^>]*>
1853                 [^<]+\.{3}\s*
1854                 </a>
1855             ''', replace_url, video_description)
1856             video_description = clean_html(video_description)
1857         else:
1858             video_description = self._html_search_meta('description', video_webpage) or video_details.get('shortDescription')
1859
1860         if not smuggled_data.get('force_singlefeed', False):
1861             if not self._downloader.params.get('noplaylist'):
1862                 multifeed_metadata_list = try_get(
1863                     player_response,
1864                     lambda x: x['multicamera']['playerLegacyMulticameraRenderer']['metadataList'],
1865                     compat_str) or try_get(
1866                     video_info, lambda x: x['multifeed_metadata_list'][0], compat_str)
1867                 if multifeed_metadata_list:
1868                     entries = []
1869                     feed_ids = []
1870                     for feed in multifeed_metadata_list.split(','):
1871                         # Unquote should take place before split on comma (,) since textual
1872                         # fields may contain comma as well (see
1873                         # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8536)
1874                         feed_data = compat_parse_qs(compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(feed))
1875                         entries.append({
1876                             '_type': 'url_transparent',
1877                             'ie_key': 'Youtube',
1878                             'url': smuggle_url(
1879                                 '%s://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s' % (proto, feed_data['id'][0]),
1880                                 {'force_singlefeed': True}),
1881                             'title': '%s (%s)' % (video_title, feed_data['title'][0]),
1882                         })
1883                         feed_ids.append(feed_data['id'][0])
1884                     self.to_screen(
1885                         'Downloading multifeed video (%s) - add --no-playlist to just download video %s'
1886                         % (', '.join(feed_ids), video_id))
1887                     return self.playlist_result(entries, video_id, video_title, video_description)
1888             else:
1889                 self.to_screen('Downloading just video %s because of --no-playlist' % video_id)
1890
1891         if view_count is None:
1892             view_count = extract_view_count(video_info)
1893         if view_count is None and video_details:
1894             view_count = int_or_none(video_details.get('viewCount'))
1895
1896         if is_live is None:
1897             is_live = bool_or_none(video_details.get('isLive'))
1898
1899         # Check for "rental" videos
1900         if 'ypc_video_rental_bar_text' in video_info and 'author' not in video_info:
1901             raise ExtractorError('"rental" videos not supported. See https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/359 for more information.', expected=True)
1902
1903         def _extract_filesize(media_url):
1904             return int_or_none(self._search_regex(
1905                 r'\bclen[=/](\d+)', media_url, 'filesize', default=None))
1906
1907         if 'conn' in video_info and video_info['conn'][0].startswith('rtmp'):
1908             self.report_rtmp_download()
1909             formats = [{
1910                 'format_id': '_rtmp',
1911                 'protocol': 'rtmp',
1912                 'url': video_info['conn'][0],
1913                 'player_url': player_url,
1914             }]
1915         elif not is_live and (len(video_info.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map', [''])[0]) >= 1 or len(video_info.get('adaptive_fmts', [''])[0]) >= 1):
1916             encoded_url_map = video_info.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map', [''])[0] + ',' + video_info.get('adaptive_fmts', [''])[0]
1917             if 'rtmpe%3Dyes' in encoded_url_map:
1918                 raise ExtractorError('rtmpe downloads are not supported, see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/343 for more information.', expected=True)
1919             formats_spec = {}
1920             fmt_list = video_info.get('fmt_list', [''])[0]
1921             if fmt_list:
1922                 for fmt in fmt_list.split(','):
1923                     spec = fmt.split('/')
1924                     if len(spec) > 1:
1925                         width_height = spec[1].split('x')
1926                         if len(width_height) == 2:
1927                             formats_spec[spec[0]] = {
1928                                 'resolution': spec[1],
1929                                 'width': int_or_none(width_height[0]),
1930                                 'height': int_or_none(width_height[1]),
1931                             }
1932             q = qualities(['small', 'medium', 'hd720'])
1933             streaming_formats = try_get(player_response, lambda x: x['streamingData']['formats'], list)
1934             if streaming_formats:
1935                 for fmt in streaming_formats:
1936                     itag = str_or_none(fmt.get('itag'))
1937                     if not itag:
1938                         continue
1939                     quality = fmt.get('quality')
1940                     quality_label = fmt.get('qualityLabel') or quality
1941                     formats_spec[itag] = {
1942                         'asr': int_or_none(fmt.get('audioSampleRate')),
1943                         'filesize': int_or_none(fmt.get('contentLength')),
1944                         'format_note': quality_label,
1945                         'fps': int_or_none(fmt.get('fps')),
1946                         'height': int_or_none(fmt.get('height')),
1947                         'quality': q(quality),
1948                         # bitrate for itag 43 is always 2147483647
1949                         'tbr': float_or_none(fmt.get('averageBitrate') or fmt.get('bitrate'), 1000) if itag != '43' else None,
1950                         'width': int_or_none(fmt.get('width')),
1951                     }
1952             formats = []
1953             for url_data_str in encoded_url_map.split(','):
1954                 url_data = compat_parse_qs(url_data_str)
1955                 if 'itag' not in url_data or 'url' not in url_data or url_data.get('drm_families'):
1956                     continue
1957                 stream_type = int_or_none(try_get(url_data, lambda x: x['stream_type'][0]))
1958                 # Unsupported FORMAT_STREAM_TYPE_OTF
1959                 if stream_type == 3:
1960                     continue
1961                 format_id = url_data['itag'][0]
1962                 url = url_data['url'][0]
1963
1964                 if 's' in url_data or self._downloader.params.get('youtube_include_dash_manifest', True):
1965                     ASSETS_RE = r'"assets":.+?"js":\s*("[^"]+")'
1966                     jsplayer_url_json = self._search_regex(
1967                         ASSETS_RE,
1968                         embed_webpage if age_gate else video_webpage,
1969                         'JS player URL (1)', default=None)
1970                     if not jsplayer_url_json and not age_gate:
1971                         # We need the embed website after all
1972                         if embed_webpage is None:
1973                             embed_url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/embed/%s' % video_id
1974                             embed_webpage = self._download_webpage(
1975                                 embed_url, video_id, 'Downloading embed webpage')
1976                         jsplayer_url_json = self._search_regex(
1977                             ASSETS_RE, embed_webpage, 'JS player URL')
1978
1979                     player_url = json.loads(jsplayer_url_json)
1980                     if player_url is None:
1981                         player_url_json = self._search_regex(
1982                             r'ytplayer\.config.*?"url"\s*:\s*("[^"]+")',
1983                             video_webpage, 'age gate player URL')
1984                         player_url = json.loads(player_url_json)
1985
1986                 if 'sig' in url_data:
1987                     url += '&signature=' + url_data['sig'][0]
1988                 elif 's' in url_data:
1989                     encrypted_sig = url_data['s'][0]
1990
1991                     if self._downloader.params.get('verbose'):
1992                         if player_url is None:
1993                             player_version = 'unknown'
1994                             player_desc = 'unknown'
1995                         else:
1996                             if player_url.endswith('swf'):
1997                                 player_version = self._search_regex(
1998                                     r'-(.+?)(?:/watch_as3)?\.swf$', player_url,
1999                                     'flash player', fatal=False)
2000                                 player_desc = 'flash player %s' % player_version
2001                             else:
2002                                 player_version = self._search_regex(
2003                                     [r'html5player-([^/]+?)(?:/html5player(?:-new)?)?\.js',
2004                                      r'(?:www|player(?:_ias)?)-([^/]+)(?:/[a-z]{2,3}_[A-Z]{2})?/base\.js'],
2005                                     player_url,
2006                                     'html5 player', fatal=False)
2007                                 player_desc = 'html5 player %s' % player_version
2008
2009                         parts_sizes = self._signature_cache_id(encrypted_sig)
2010                         self.to_screen('{%s} signature length %s, %s' %
2011                                        (format_id, parts_sizes, player_desc))
2012
2013                     signature = self._decrypt_signature(
2014                         encrypted_sig, video_id, player_url, age_gate)
2015                     sp = try_get(url_data, lambda x: x['sp'][0], compat_str) or 'signature'
2016                     url += '&%s=%s' % (sp, signature)
2017                 if 'ratebypass' not in url:
2018                     url += '&ratebypass=yes'
2019
2020                 dct = {
2021                     'format_id': format_id,
2022                     'url': url,
2023                     'player_url': player_url,
2024                 }
2025                 if format_id in self._formats:
2026                     dct.update(self._formats[format_id])
2027                 if format_id in formats_spec:
2028                     dct.update(formats_spec[format_id])
2029
2030                 # Some itags are not included in DASH manifest thus corresponding formats will
2031                 # lack metadata (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/5993).
2032                 # Trying to extract metadata from url_encoded_fmt_stream_map entry.
2033                 mobj = re.search(r'^(?P<width>\d+)[xX](?P<height>\d+)$', url_data.get('size', [''])[0])
2034                 width, height = (int(mobj.group('width')), int(mobj.group('height'))) if mobj else (None, None)
2035
2036                 filesize = int_or_none(url_data.get(
2037                     'clen', [None])[0]) or _extract_filesize(url)
2038
2039                 quality = url_data.get('quality', [None])[0]
2040
2041                 more_fields = {
2042                     'filesize': filesize,
2043                     'tbr': float_or_none(url_data.get('bitrate', [None])[0], 1000),
2044                     'width': width,
2045                     'height': height,
2046                     'fps': int_or_none(url_data.get('fps', [None])[0]),
2047                     'format_note': url_data.get('quality_label', [None])[0] or quality,
2048                     'quality': q(quality),
2049                 }
2050                 for key, value in more_fields.items():
2051                     if value:
2052                         dct[key] = value
2053                 type_ = url_data.get('type', [None])[0]
2054                 if type_:
2055                     type_split = type_.split(';')
2056                     kind_ext = type_split[0].split('/')
2057                     if len(kind_ext) == 2:
2058                         kind, _ = kind_ext
2059                         dct['ext'] = mimetype2ext(type_split[0])
2060                         if kind in ('audio', 'video'):
2061                             codecs = None
2062                             for mobj in re.finditer(
2063                                     r'(?P<key>[a-zA-Z_-]+)=(?P<quote>["\']?)(?P<val>.+?)(?P=quote)(?:;|$)', type_):
2064                                 if mobj.group('key') == 'codecs':
2065                                     codecs = mobj.group('val')
2066                                     break
2067                             if codecs:
2068                                 dct.update(parse_codecs(codecs))
2069                 if dct.get('acodec') == 'none' or dct.get('vcodec') == 'none':
2070                     dct['downloader_options'] = {
2071                         # Youtube throttles chunks >~10M
2072                         'http_chunk_size': 10485760,
2073                     }
2074                 formats.append(dct)
2075         else:
2076             manifest_url = (
2077                 url_or_none(try_get(
2078                     player_response,
2079                     lambda x: x['streamingData']['hlsManifestUrl'],
2080                     compat_str))
2081                 or url_or_none(try_get(
2082                     video_info, lambda x: x['hlsvp'][0], compat_str)))
2083             if manifest_url:
2084                 formats = []
2085                 m3u8_formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
2086                     manifest_url, video_id, 'mp4', fatal=False)
2087                 for a_format in m3u8_formats:
2088                     itag = self._search_regex(
2089                         r'/itag/(\d+)/', a_format['url'], 'itag', default=None)
2090                     if itag:
2091                         a_format['format_id'] = itag
2092                         if itag in self._formats:
2093                             dct = self._formats[itag].copy()
2094                             dct.update(a_format)
2095                             a_format = dct
2096                     a_format['player_url'] = player_url
2097                     # Accept-Encoding header causes failures in live streams on Youtube and Youtube Gaming
2098                     a_format.setdefault('http_headers', {})['Youtubedl-no-compression'] = 'True'
2099                     formats.append(a_format)
2100             else:
2101                 error_message = clean_html(video_info.get('reason', [None])[0])
2102                 if not error_message:
2103                     error_message = extract_unavailable_message()
2104                 if error_message:
2105                     raise ExtractorError(error_message, expected=True)
2106                 raise ExtractorError('no conn, hlsvp, hlsManifestUrl or url_encoded_fmt_stream_map information found in video info')
2107
2108         # uploader
2109         video_uploader = try_get(
2110             video_info, lambda x: x['author'][0],
2111             compat_str) or str_or_none(video_details.get('author'))
2112         if video_uploader:
2113             video_uploader = compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(video_uploader)
2114         else:
2115             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to extract uploader name')
2116
2117         # uploader_id
2118         video_uploader_id = None
2119         video_uploader_url = None
2120         mobj = re.search(
2121             r'<link itemprop="url" href="(?P<uploader_url>https?://www\.youtube\.com/(?:user|channel)/(?P<uploader_id>[^"]+))">',
2122             video_webpage)
2123         if mobj is not None:
2124             video_uploader_id = mobj.group('uploader_id')
2125             video_uploader_url = mobj.group('uploader_url')
2126         else:
2127             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to extract uploader nickname')
2128
2129         channel_id = (
2130             str_or_none(video_details.get('channelId'))
2131             or self._html_search_meta(
2132                 'channelId', video_webpage, 'channel id', default=None)
2133             or self._search_regex(
2134                 r'data-channel-external-id=(["\'])(?P<id>(?:(?!\1).)+)\1',
2135                 video_webpage, 'channel id', default=None, group='id'))
2136         channel_url = 'http://www.youtube.com/channel/%s' % channel_id if channel_id else None
2137
2138         # thumbnail image
2139         # We try first to get a high quality image:
2140         m_thumb = re.search(r'<span itemprop="thumbnail".*?href="(.*?)">',
2141                             video_webpage, re.DOTALL)
2142         if m_thumb is not None:
2143             video_thumbnail = m_thumb.group(1)
2144         elif 'thumbnail_url' not in video_info:
2145             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to extract video thumbnail')
2146             video_thumbnail = None
2147         else:   # don't panic if we can't find it
2148             video_thumbnail = compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(video_info['thumbnail_url'][0])
2149
2150         # upload date
2151         upload_date = self._html_search_meta(
2152             'datePublished', video_webpage, 'upload date', default=None)
2153         if not upload_date:
2154             upload_date = self._search_regex(
2155                 [r'(?s)id="eow-date.*?>(.*?)</span>',
2156                  r'(?:id="watch-uploader-info".*?>.*?|["\']simpleText["\']\s*:\s*["\'])(?:Published|Uploaded|Streamed live|Started) on (.+?)[<"\']'],
2157                 video_webpage, 'upload date', default=None)
2158         upload_date = unified_strdate(upload_date)
2159
2160         video_license = self._html_search_regex(
2161             r'<h4[^>]+class="title"[^>]*>\s*License\s*</h4>\s*<ul[^>]*>\s*<li>(.+?)</li',
2162             video_webpage, 'license', default=None)
2163
2164         m_music = re.search(
2165             r'''(?x)
2166                 <h4[^>]+class="title"[^>]*>\s*Music\s*</h4>\s*
2167                 <ul[^>]*>\s*
2168                 <li>(?P<title>.+?)
2169                 by (?P<creator>.+?)
2170                 (?:
2171                     \(.+?\)|
2172                     <a[^>]*
2173                         (?:
2174                             \bhref=["\']/red[^>]*>|             # drop possible
2175                             >\s*Listen ad-free with YouTube Red # YouTube Red ad
2176                         )
2177                     .*?
2178                 )?</li
2179             ''',
2180             video_webpage)
2181         if m_music:
2182             video_alt_title = remove_quotes(unescapeHTML(m_music.group('title')))
2183             video_creator = clean_html(m_music.group('creator'))
2184         else:
2185             video_alt_title = video_creator = None
2186
2187         def extract_meta(field):
2188             return self._html_search_regex(
2189                 r'<h4[^>]+class="title"[^>]*>\s*%s\s*</h4>\s*<ul[^>]*>\s*<li>(.+?)</li>\s*' % field,
2190                 video_webpage, field, default=None)
2191
2192         track = extract_meta('Song')
2193         artist = extract_meta('Artist')
2194         album = extract_meta('Album')
2195
2196         # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
2197         release_date = release_year = None
2198         if video_description:
2199             mobj = re.search(r'(?s)Provided to YouTube by [^\n]+\n+(?P<track>[^·]+)·(?P<artist>[^\n]+)\n+(?P<album>[^\n]+)(?:.+?℗\s*(?P<release_year>\d{4})(?!\d))?(?:.+?Released on\s*:\s*(?P<release_date>\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}))?(.+?\nArtist\s*:\s*(?P<clean_artist>[^\n]+))?', video_description)
2200             if mobj:
2201                 if not track:
2202                     track = mobj.group('track').strip()
2203                 if not artist:
2204                     artist = mobj.group('clean_artist') or ', '.join(a.strip() for a in mobj.group('artist').split('·'))
2205                 if not album:
2206                     album = mobj.group('album'.strip())
2207                 release_year = mobj.group('release_year')
2208                 release_date = mobj.group('release_date')
2209                 if release_date:
2210                     release_date = release_date.replace('-', '')
2211                     if not release_year:
2212                         release_year = int(release_date[:4])
2213                 if release_year:
2214                     release_year = int(release_year)
2215
2216         m_episode = re.search(
2217             r'<div[^>]+id="watch7-headline"[^>]*>\s*<span[^>]*>.*?>(?P<series>[^<]+)</a></b>\s*S(?P<season>\d+)\s*•\s*E(?P<episode>\d+)</span>',
2218             video_webpage)
2219         if m_episode:
2220             series = unescapeHTML(m_episode.group('series'))
2221             season_number = int(m_episode.group('season'))
2222             episode_number = int(m_episode.group('episode'))
2223         else:
2224             series = season_number = episode_number = None
2225
2226         m_cat_container = self._search_regex(
2227             r'(?s)<h4[^>]*>\s*Category\s*</h4>\s*<ul[^>]*>(.*?)</ul>',
2228             video_webpage, 'categories', default=None)
2229         if m_cat_container:
2230             category = self._html_search_regex(
2231                 r'(?s)<a[^<]+>(.*?)</a>', m_cat_container, 'category',
2232                 default=None)
2233             video_categories = None if category is None else [category]
2234         else:
2235             video_categories = None
2236
2237         video_tags = [
2238             unescapeHTML(m.group('content'))
2239             for m in re.finditer(self._meta_regex('og:video:tag'), video_webpage)]
2240
2241         def _extract_count(count_name):
2242             return str_to_int(self._search_regex(
2243                 r'-%s-button[^>]+><span[^>]+class="yt-uix-button-content"[^>]*>([\d,]+)</span>'
2244                 % re.escape(count_name),
2245                 video_webpage, count_name, default=None))
2246
2247         like_count = _extract_count('like')
2248         dislike_count = _extract_count('dislike')
2249
2250         if view_count is None:
2251             view_count = str_to_int(self._search_regex(
2252                 r'<[^>]+class=["\']watch-view-count[^>]+>\s*([\d,\s]+)', video_webpage,
2253                 'view count', default=None))
2254
2255         average_rating = (
2256             float_or_none(video_details.get('averageRating'))
2257             or try_get(video_info, lambda x: float_or_none(x['avg_rating'][0])))
2258
2259         # subtitles
2260         video_subtitles = self.extract_subtitles(video_id, video_webpage)
2261         automatic_captions = self.extract_automatic_captions(video_id, video_webpage)
2262
2263         video_duration = try_get(
2264             video_info, lambda x: int_or_none(x['length_seconds'][0]))
2265         if not video_duration:
2266             video_duration = int_or_none(video_details.get('lengthSeconds'))
2267         if not video_duration:
2268             video_duration = parse_duration(self._html_search_meta(
2269                 'duration', video_webpage, 'video duration'))
2270
2271         # annotations
2272         video_annotations = None
2273         if self._downloader.params.get('writeannotations', False):
2274             video_annotations = self._extract_annotations(video_id)
2275
2276         chapters = self._extract_chapters(description_original, video_duration)
2277
2278         # Look for the DASH manifest
2279         if self._downloader.params.get('youtube_include_dash_manifest', True):
2280             dash_mpd_fatal = True
2281             for mpd_url in dash_mpds:
2282                 dash_formats = {}
2283                 try:
2284                     def decrypt_sig(mobj):
2285                         s = mobj.group(1)
2286                         dec_s = self._decrypt_signature(s, video_id, player_url, age_gate)
2287                         return '/signature/%s' % dec_s
2288
2289                     mpd_url = re.sub(r'/s/([a-fA-F0-9\.]+)', decrypt_sig, mpd_url)
2290
2291                     for df in self._extract_mpd_formats(
2292                             mpd_url, video_id, fatal=dash_mpd_fatal,
2293                             formats_dict=self._formats):
2294                         if not df.get('filesize'):
2295                             df['filesize'] = _extract_filesize(df['url'])
2296                         # Do not overwrite DASH format found in some previous DASH manifest
2297                         if df['format_id'] not in dash_formats:
2298                             dash_formats[df['format_id']] = df
2299                         # Additional DASH manifests may end up in HTTP Error 403 therefore
2300                         # allow them to fail without bug report message if we already have
2301                         # some DASH manifest succeeded. This is temporary workaround to reduce
2302                         # burst of bug reports until we figure out the reason and whether it
2303                         # can be fixed at all.
2304                         dash_mpd_fatal = False
2305                 except (ExtractorError, KeyError) as e:
2306                     self.report_warning(
2307                         'Skipping DASH manifest: %r' % e, video_id)
2308                 if dash_formats:
2309                     # Remove the formats we found through non-DASH, they
2310                     # contain less info and it can be wrong, because we use
2311                     # fixed values (for example the resolution). See
2312                     # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/5774 for an
2313                     # example.
2314                     formats = [f for f in formats if f['format_id'] not in dash_formats.keys()]
2315                     formats.extend(dash_formats.values())
2316
2317         # Check for malformed aspect ratio
2318         stretched_m = re.search(
2319             r'<meta\s+property="og:video:tag".*?content="yt:stretch=(?P<w>[0-9]+):(?P<h>[0-9]+)">',
2320             video_webpage)
2321         if stretched_m:
2322             w = float(stretched_m.group('w'))
2323             h = float(stretched_m.group('h'))
2324             # yt:stretch may hold invalid ratio data (e.g. for Q39EVAstoRM ratio is 17:0).
2325             # We will only process correct ratios.
2326             if w > 0 and h > 0:
2327                 ratio = w / h
2328                 for f in formats:
2329                     if f.get('vcodec') != 'none':
2330                         f['stretched_ratio'] = ratio
2331
2332         if not formats:
2333             token = extract_token(video_info)
2334             if not token:
2335                 if 'reason' in video_info:
2336                     if 'The uploader has not made this video available in your country.' in video_info['reason']:
2337                         regions_allowed = self._html_search_meta(
2338                             'regionsAllowed', video_webpage, default=None)
2339                         countries = regions_allowed.split(',') if regions_allowed else None
2340                         self.raise_geo_restricted(
2341                             msg=video_info['reason'][0], countries=countries)
2342                     reason = video_info['reason'][0]
2343                     if 'Invalid parameters' in reason:
2344                         unavailable_message = extract_unavailable_message()
2345                         if unavailable_message:
2346                             reason = unavailable_message
2347                     raise ExtractorError(
2348                         'YouTube said: %s' % reason,
2349                         expected=True, video_id=video_id)
2350                 else:
2351                     raise ExtractorError(
2352                         '"token" parameter not in video info for unknown reason',
2353                         video_id=video_id)
2354
2355         if not formats and (video_info.get('license_info') or try_get(player_response, lambda x: x['streamingData']['licenseInfos'])):
2356             raise ExtractorError('This video is DRM protected.', expected=True)
2357
2358         self._sort_formats(formats)
2359
2360         self.mark_watched(video_id, video_info, player_response)
2361
2362         return {
2363             'id': video_id,
2364             'uploader': video_uploader,
2365             'uploader_id': video_uploader_id,
2366             'uploader_url': video_uploader_url,
2367             'channel_id': channel_id,
2368             'channel_url': channel_url,
2369             'upload_date': upload_date,
2370             'license': video_license,
2371             'creator': video_creator or artist,
2372             'title': video_title,
2373             'alt_title': video_alt_title or track,
2374             'thumbnail': video_thumbnail,
2375             'description': video_description,
2376             'categories': video_categories,
2377             'tags': video_tags,
2378             'subtitles': video_subtitles,
2379             'automatic_captions': automatic_captions,
2380             'duration': video_duration,
2381             'age_limit': 18 if age_gate else 0,
2382             'annotations': video_annotations,
2383             'chapters': chapters,
2384             'webpage_url': proto + '://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s' % video_id,
2385             'view_count': view_count,
2386             'like_count': like_count,
2387             'dislike_count': dislike_count,
2388             'average_rating': average_rating,
2389             'formats': formats,
2390             'is_live': is_live,
2391             'start_time': start_time,
2392             'end_time': end_time,
2393             'series': series,
2394             'season_number': season_number,
2395             'episode_number': episode_number,
2396             'track': track,
2397             'artist': artist,
2398             'album': album,
2399             'release_date': release_date,
2400             'release_year': release_year,
2401         }
2402
2403
2404 class YoutubePlaylistIE(YoutubePlaylistBaseInfoExtractor):
2405     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com playlists'
2406     _VALID_URL = r"""(?x)(?:
2407                         (?:https?://)?
2408                         (?:\w+\.)?
2409                         (?:
2410                             (?:
2411                                 youtube\.com|
2412                                 invidio\.us
2413                             )
2414                             /
2415                             (?:
2416                                (?:course|view_play_list|my_playlists|artist|playlist|watch|embed/(?:videoseries|[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}))
2417                                \? (?:.*?[&;])*? (?:p|a|list)=
2418                             |  p/
2419                             )|
2420                             youtu\.be/[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}\?.*?\blist=
2421                         )
2422                         (
2423                             (?:PL|LL|EC|UU|FL|RD|UL|TL|OLAK5uy_)?[0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,}
2424                             # Top tracks, they can also include dots
2425                             |(?:MC)[\w\.]*
2426                         )
2427                         .*
2428                      |
2429                         (%(playlist_id)s)
2430                      )""" % {'playlist_id': YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._PLAYLIST_ID_RE}
2431     _TEMPLATE_URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=%s'
2432     _VIDEO_RE = r'href="\s*/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})(?:&amp;(?:[^"]*?index=(?P<index>\d+))?(?:[^>]+>(?P<title>[^<]+))?)?'
2433     IE_NAME = 'youtube:playlist'
2434     _TESTS = [{
2435         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re',
2436         'info_dict': {
2437             'title': 'ytdl test PL',
2438             'id': 'PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re',
2439         },
2440         'playlist_count': 3,
2441     }, {
2442         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLtPgu7CB4gbZDA7i_euNxn75ISqxwZPYx',
2443         'info_dict': {
2444             'id': 'PLtPgu7CB4gbZDA7i_euNxn75ISqxwZPYx',
2445             'title': 'YDL_Empty_List',
2446         },
2447         'playlist_count': 0,
2448         'skip': 'This playlist is private',
2449     }, {
2450         'note': 'Playlist with deleted videos (#651). As a bonus, the video #51 is also twice in this list.',
2451         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwP_SiAcdui0KVebT0mU9Apz359a4ubsC',
2452         'info_dict': {
2453             'title': '29C3: Not my department',
2454             'id': 'PLwP_SiAcdui0KVebT0mU9Apz359a4ubsC',
2455             'uploader': 'Christiaan008',
2456             'uploader_id': 'ChRiStIaAn008',
2457         },
2458         'playlist_count': 95,
2459     }, {
2460         'note': 'issue #673',
2461         'url': 'PLBB231211A4F62143',
2462         'info_dict': {
2463             'title': '[OLD]Team Fortress 2 (Class-based LP)',
2464             'id': 'PLBB231211A4F62143',
2465             'uploader': 'Wickydoo',
2466             'uploader_id': 'Wickydoo',
2467         },
2468         'playlist_mincount': 26,
2469     }, {
2470         'note': 'Large playlist',
2471         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUBABnxM4Ar9ten8Mdjj1j0Q',
2472         'info_dict': {
2473             'title': 'Uploads from Cauchemar',
2474             'id': 'UUBABnxM4Ar9ten8Mdjj1j0Q',
2475             'uploader': 'Cauchemar',
2476             'uploader_id': 'Cauchemar89',
2477         },
2478         'playlist_mincount': 799,
2479     }, {
2480         'url': 'PLtPgu7CB4gbY9oDN3drwC3cMbJggS7dKl',
2481         'info_dict': {
2482             'title': 'YDL_safe_search',
2483             'id': 'PLtPgu7CB4gbY9oDN3drwC3cMbJggS7dKl',
2484         },
2485         'playlist_count': 2,
2486         'skip': 'This playlist is private',
2487     }, {
2488         'note': 'embedded',
2489         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/embed/videoseries?list=PL6IaIsEjSbf96XFRuNccS_RuEXwNdsoEu',
2490         'playlist_count': 4,
2491         'info_dict': {
2492             'title': 'JODA15',
2493             'id': 'PL6IaIsEjSbf96XFRuNccS_RuEXwNdsoEu',
2494             'uploader': 'milan',
2495             'uploader_id': 'UCEI1-PVPcYXjB73Hfelbmaw',
2496         }
2497     }, {
2498         'url': 'http://www.youtube.com/embed/_xDOZElKyNU?list=PLsyOSbh5bs16vubvKePAQ1x3PhKavfBIl',
2499         'playlist_mincount': 485,
2500         'info_dict': {
2501             'title': '2018 Chinese New Singles (11/6 updated)',
2502             'id': 'PLsyOSbh5bs16vubvKePAQ1x3PhKavfBIl',
2503             'uploader': 'LBK',
2504             'uploader_id': 'sdragonfang',
2505         }
2506     }, {
2507         'note': 'Embedded SWF player',
2508         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/p/YN5VISEtHet5D4NEvfTd0zcgFk84NqFZ?hl=en_US&fs=1&rel=0',
2509         'playlist_count': 4,
2510         'info_dict': {
2511             'title': 'JODA7',
2512             'id': 'YN5VISEtHet5D4NEvfTd0zcgFk84NqFZ',
2513         },
2514         'skip': 'This playlist does not exist',
2515     }, {
2516         'note': 'Buggy playlist: the webpage has a "Load more" button but it doesn\'t have more videos',
2517         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUXw-G3eDE9trcvY2sBMM_aA',
2518         'info_dict': {
2519             'title': 'Uploads from Interstellar Movie',
2520             'id': 'UUXw-G3eDE9trcvY2sBMM_aA',
2521             'uploader': 'Interstellar Movie',
2522             'uploader_id': 'InterstellarMovie1',
2523         },
2524         'playlist_mincount': 21,
2525     }, {
2526         # Playlist URL that does not actually serve a playlist
2527         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqZTN594JQw&list=PLMYEtVRpaqY00V9W81Cwmzp6N6vZqfUKD4',
2528         'info_dict': {
2529             'id': 'FqZTN594JQw',
2530             'ext': 'webm',
2531             'title': "Smiley's People 01 detective, Adventure Series, Action",
2532             'uploader': 'STREEM',
2533             'uploader_id': 'UCyPhqAZgwYWZfxElWVbVJng',
2534             'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCyPhqAZgwYWZfxElWVbVJng',
2535             'upload_date': '20150526',
2536             'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
2537             'description': 'md5:507cdcb5a49ac0da37a920ece610be80',
2538             'categories': ['People & Blogs'],
2539             'tags': list,
2540             'view_count': int,
2541             'like_count': int,
2542             'dislike_count': int,
2543         },
2544         'params': {
2545             'skip_download': True,
2546         },
2547         'skip': 'This video is not available.',
2548         'add_ie': [YoutubeIE.ie_key()],
2549     }, {
2550         'url': 'https://youtu.be/yeWKywCrFtk?list=PL2qgrgXsNUG5ig9cat4ohreBjYLAPC0J5',
2551         'info_dict': {
2552             'id': 'yeWKywCrFtk',
2553             'ext': 'mp4',
2554             'title': 'Small Scale Baler and Braiding Rugs',
2555             'uploader': 'Backus-Page House Museum',
2556             'uploader_id': 'backuspagemuseum',
2557             'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/backuspagemuseum',
2558             'upload_date': '20161008',
2559             'description': 'md5:800c0c78d5eb128500bffd4f0b4f2e8a',
2560             'categories': ['Nonprofits & Activism'],
2561             'tags': list,
2562             'like_count': int,
2563             'dislike_count': int,
2564         },
2565         'params': {
2566             'noplaylist': True,
2567             'skip_download': True,
2568         },
2569     }, {
2570         # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/21844
2571         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzH6n4zXuckpfMu_4Ff8E7Z1behQks5ba',
2572         'info_dict': {
2573             'title': 'Data Analysis with Dr Mike Pound',
2574             'id': 'PLzH6n4zXuckpfMu_4Ff8E7Z1behQks5ba',
2575             'uploader_id': 'Computerphile',
2576             'uploader': 'Computerphile',
2577         },
2578         'playlist_mincount': 11,
2579     }, {
2580         'url': 'https://youtu.be/uWyaPkt-VOI?list=PL9D9FC436B881BA21',
2581         'only_matching': True,
2582     }, {
2583         'url': 'TLGGrESM50VT6acwMjAyMjAxNw',
2584         'only_matching': True,
2585     }, {
2586         # music album playlist
2587         'url': 'OLAK5uy_m4xAFdmMC5rX3Ji3g93pQe3hqLZw_9LhM',
2588         'only_matching': True,
2589     }, {
2590         'url': 'https://invidio.us/playlist?list=PLDIoUOhQQPlXr63I_vwF9GD8sAKh77dWU',
2591         'only_matching': True,
2592     }]
2593
2594     def _real_initialize(self):
2595         self._login()
2596
2597     def _extract_mix(self, playlist_id):
2598         # The mixes are generated from a single video
2599         # the id of the playlist is just 'RD' + video_id
2600         ids = []
2601         last_id = playlist_id[-11:]
2602         for n in itertools.count(1):
2603             url = 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=%s&list=%s' % (last_id, playlist_id)
2604             webpage = self._download_webpage(
2605                 url, playlist_id, 'Downloading page {0} of Youtube mix'.format(n))
2606             new_ids = orderedSet(re.findall(
2607                 r'''(?xs)data-video-username=".*?".*?
2608                            href="/watch\?v=([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})&amp;[^"]*?list=%s''' % re.escape(playlist_id),
2609                 webpage))
2610             # Fetch new pages until all the videos are repeated, it seems that
2611             # there are always 51 unique videos.
2612             new_ids = [_id for _id in new_ids if _id not in ids]
2613             if not new_ids:
2614                 break
2615             ids.extend(new_ids)
2616             last_id = ids[-1]
2617
2618         url_results = self._ids_to_results(ids)
2619
2620         search_title = lambda class_name: get_element_by_attribute('class', class_name, webpage)
2621         title_span = (
2622             search_title('playlist-title')
2623             or search_title('title long-title')
2624             or search_title('title'))
2625         title = clean_html(title_span)
2626
2627         return self.playlist_result(url_results, playlist_id, title)
2628
2629     def _extract_playlist(self, playlist_id):
2630         url = self._TEMPLATE_URL % playlist_id
2631         page = self._download_webpage(url, playlist_id)
2632
2633         # the yt-alert-message now has tabindex attribute (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/11604)
2634         for match in re.findall(r'<div class="yt-alert-message"[^>]*>([^<]+)</div>', page):
2635             match = match.strip()
2636             # Check if the playlist exists or is private
2637             mobj = re.match(r'[^<]*(?:The|This) playlist (?P<reason>does not exist|is private)[^<]*', match)
2638             if mobj:
2639                 reason = mobj.group('reason')
2640                 message = 'This playlist %s' % reason
2641                 if 'private' in reason:
2642                     message += ', use --username or --netrc to access it'
2643                 message += '.'
2644                 raise ExtractorError(message, expected=True)
2645             elif re.match(r'[^<]*Invalid parameters[^<]*', match):
2646                 raise ExtractorError(
2647                     'Invalid parameters. Maybe URL is incorrect.',
2648                     expected=True)
2649             elif re.match(r'[^<]*Choose your language[^<]*', match):
2650                 continue
2651             else:
2652                 self.report_warning('Youtube gives an alert message: ' + match)
2653
2654         playlist_title = self._html_search_regex(
2655             r'(?s)<h1 class="pl-header-title[^"]*"[^>]*>\s*(.*?)\s*</h1>',
2656             page, 'title', default=None)
2657
2658         _UPLOADER_BASE = r'class=["\']pl-header-details[^>]+>\s*<li>\s*<a[^>]+\bhref='
2659         uploader = self._search_regex(
2660             r'%s["\']/(?:user|channel)/[^>]+>([^<]+)' % _UPLOADER_BASE,
2661             page, 'uploader', default=None)
2662         mobj = re.search(
2663             r'%s(["\'])(?P<path>/(?:user|channel)/(?P<uploader_id>.+?))\1' % _UPLOADER_BASE,
2664             page)
2665         if mobj:
2666             uploader_id = mobj.group('uploader_id')
2667             uploader_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin(url, mobj.group('path'))
2668         else:
2669             uploader_id = uploader_url = None
2670
2671         has_videos = True
2672
2673         if not playlist_title:
2674             try:
2675                 # Some playlist URLs don't actually serve a playlist (e.g.
2676                 # https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqZTN594JQw&list=PLMYEtVRpaqY00V9W81Cwmzp6N6vZqfUKD4)
2677                 next(self._entries(page, playlist_id))
2678             except StopIteration:
2679                 has_videos = False
2680
2681         playlist = self.playlist_result(
2682             self._entries(page, playlist_id), playlist_id, playlist_title)
2683         playlist.update({
2684             'uploader': uploader,
2685             'uploader_id': uploader_id,
2686             'uploader_url': uploader_url,
2687         })
2688
2689         return has_videos, playlist
2690
2691     def _check_download_just_video(self, url, playlist_id):
2692         # Check if it's a video-specific URL
2693         query_dict = compat_urlparse.parse_qs(compat_urlparse.urlparse(url).query)
2694         video_id = query_dict.get('v', [None])[0] or self._search_regex(
2695             r'(?:(?:^|//)youtu\.be/|youtube\.com/embed/(?!videoseries))([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})', url,
2696             'video id', default=None)
2697         if video_id:
2698             if self._downloader.params.get('noplaylist'):
2699                 self.to_screen('Downloading just video %s because of --no-playlist' % video_id)
2700                 return video_id, self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id)
2701             else:
2702                 self.to_screen('Downloading playlist %s - add --no-playlist to just download video %s' % (playlist_id, video_id))
2703                 return video_id, None
2704         return None, None
2705
2706     def _real_extract(self, url):
2707         # Extract playlist id
2708         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
2709         if mobj is None:
2710             raise ExtractorError('Invalid URL: %s' % url)
2711         playlist_id = mobj.group(1) or mobj.group(2)
2712
2713         video_id, video = self._check_download_just_video(url, playlist_id)
2714         if video:
2715             return video
2716
2717         if playlist_id.startswith(('RD', 'UL', 'PU')):
2718             # Mixes require a custom extraction process
2719             return self._extract_mix(playlist_id)
2720
2721         has_videos, playlist = self._extract_playlist(playlist_id)
2722         if has_videos or not video_id:
2723             return playlist
2724
2725         # Some playlist URLs don't actually serve a playlist (see
2726         # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/10537).
2727         # Fallback to plain video extraction if there is a video id
2728         # along with playlist id.
2729         return self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id)
2730
2731
2732 class YoutubeChannelIE(YoutubePlaylistBaseInfoExtractor):
2733     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com channels'
2734     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:youtu\.be|(?:\w+\.)?youtube(?:-nocookie)?\.com|(?:www\.)?invidio\.us)/channel/(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]+)'
2735     _TEMPLATE_URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/%s/videos'
2736     _VIDEO_RE = r'(?:title="(?P<title>[^"]+)"[^>]+)?href="/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]+)&?'
2737     IE_NAME = 'youtube:channel'
2738     _TESTS = [{
2739         'note': 'paginated channel',
2740         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
2741         'playlist_mincount': 91,
2742         'info_dict': {
2743             'id': 'UUKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
2744             'title': 'Uploads from lex will',
2745             'uploader': 'lex will',
2746             'uploader_id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
2747         }
2748     }, {
2749         'note': 'Age restricted channel',
2750         # from https://www.youtube.com/user/DeusExOfficial
2751         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCs0ifCMCm1icqRbqhUINa0w',
2752         'playlist_mincount': 64,
2753         'info_dict': {
2754             'id': 'UUs0ifCMCm1icqRbqhUINa0w',
2755             'title': 'Uploads from Deus Ex',
2756             'uploader': 'Deus Ex',
2757             'uploader_id': 'DeusExOfficial',
2758         },
2759     }, {
2760         'url': 'https://invidio.us/channel/UC23qupoDRn9YOAVzeoxjOQA',
2761         'only_matching': True,
2762     }]
2763
2764     @classmethod
2765     def suitable(cls, url):
2766         return (False if YoutubePlaylistsIE.suitable(url) or YoutubeLiveIE.suitable(url)
2767                 else super(YoutubeChannelIE, cls).suitable(url))
2768
2769     def _build_template_url(self, url, channel_id):
2770         return self._TEMPLATE_URL % channel_id
2771
2772     def _real_extract(self, url):
2773         channel_id = self._match_id(url)
2774
2775         url = self._build_template_url(url, channel_id)
2776
2777         # Channel by page listing is restricted to 35 pages of 30 items, i.e. 1050 videos total (see #5778)
2778         # Workaround by extracting as a playlist if managed to obtain channel playlist URL
2779         # otherwise fallback on channel by page extraction
2780         channel_page = self._download_webpage(
2781             url + '?view=57', channel_id,
2782             'Downloading channel page', fatal=False)
2783         if channel_page is False:
2784             channel_playlist_id = False
2785         else:
2786             channel_playlist_id = self._html_search_meta(
2787                 'channelId', channel_page, 'channel id', default=None)
2788             if not channel_playlist_id:
2789                 channel_url = self._html_search_meta(
2790                     ('al:ios:url', 'twitter:app:url:iphone', 'twitter:app:url:ipad'),
2791                     channel_page, 'channel url', default=None)
2792                 if channel_url:
2793                     channel_playlist_id = self._search_regex(
2794                         r'vnd\.youtube://user/([0-9A-Za-z_-]+)',
2795                         channel_url, 'channel id', default=None)
2796         if channel_playlist_id and channel_playlist_id.startswith('UC'):
2797             playlist_id = 'UU' + channel_playlist_id[2:]
2798             return self.url_result(
2799                 compat_urlparse.urljoin(url, '/playlist?list=%s' % playlist_id), 'YoutubePlaylist')
2800
2801         channel_page = self._download_webpage(url, channel_id, 'Downloading page #1')
2802         autogenerated = re.search(r'''(?x)
2803                 class="[^"]*?(?:
2804                     channel-header-autogenerated-label|
2805                     yt-channel-title-autogenerated
2806                 )[^"]*"''', channel_page) is not None
2807
2808         if autogenerated:
2809             # The videos are contained in a single page
2810             # the ajax pages can't be used, they are empty
2811             entries = [
2812                 self.url_result(
2813                     video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id,
2814                     video_title=video_title)
2815                 for video_id, video_title in self.extract_videos_from_page(channel_page)]
2816             return self.playlist_result(entries, channel_id)
2817
2818         try:
2819             next(self._entries(channel_page, channel_id))
2820         except StopIteration:
2821             alert_message = self._html_search_regex(
2822                 r'(?s)<div[^>]+class=(["\']).*?\byt-alert-message\b.*?\1[^>]*>(?P<alert>[^<]+)</div>',
2823                 channel_page, 'alert', default=None, group='alert')
2824             if alert_message:
2825                 raise ExtractorError('Youtube said: %s' % alert_message, expected=True)
2826
2827         return self.playlist_result(self._entries(channel_page, channel_id), channel_id)
2828
2829
2830 class YoutubeUserIE(YoutubeChannelIE):
2831     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com user videos (URL or "ytuser" keyword)'
2832     _VALID_URL = r'(?:(?:https?://(?:\w+\.)?youtube\.com/(?:(?P<user>user|c)/)?(?!(?:attribution_link|watch|results|shared)(?:$|[^a-z_A-Z0-9-])))|ytuser:)(?!feed/)(?P<id>[A-Za-z0-9_-]+)'
2833     _TEMPLATE_URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/%s/%s/videos'
2834     IE_NAME = 'youtube:user'
2835
2836     _TESTS = [{
2837         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/TheLinuxFoundation',
2838         'playlist_mincount': 320,
2839         'info_dict': {
2840             'id': 'UUfX55Sx5hEFjoC3cNs6mCUQ',
2841             'title': 'Uploads from The Linux Foundation',
2842             'uploader': 'The Linux Foundation',
2843             'uploader_id': 'TheLinuxFoundation',
2844         }
2845     }, {
2846         # Only available via https://www.youtube.com/c/12minuteathlete/videos
2847         # but not https://www.youtube.com/user/12minuteathlete/videos
2848         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/12minuteathlete/videos',
2849         'playlist_mincount': 249,
2850         'info_dict': {
2851             'id': 'UUVjM-zV6_opMDx7WYxnjZiQ',
2852             'title': 'Uploads from 12 Minute Athlete',
2853             'uploader': '12 Minute Athlete',
2854             'uploader_id': 'the12minuteathlete',
2855         }
2856     }, {
2857         'url': 'ytuser:phihag',
2858         'only_matching': True,
2859     }, {
2860         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/gametrailers',
2861         'only_matching': True,
2862     }, {
2863         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/gametrailers',
2864         'only_matching': True,
2865     }, {
2866         # This channel is not available, geo restricted to JP
2867         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/kananishinoSMEJ/videos',
2868         'only_matching': True,
2869     }]
2870
2871     @classmethod
2872     def suitable(cls, url):
2873         # Don't return True if the url can be extracted with other youtube
2874         # extractor, the regex would is too permissive and it would match.
2875         other_yt_ies = iter(klass for (name, klass) in globals().items() if name.startswith('Youtube') and name.endswith('IE') and klass is not cls)
2876         if any(ie.suitable(url) for ie in other_yt_ies):
2877             return False
2878         else:
2879             return super(YoutubeUserIE, cls).suitable(url)
2880
2881     def _build_template_url(self, url, channel_id):
2882         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
2883         return self._TEMPLATE_URL % (mobj.group('user') or 'user', mobj.group('id'))
2884
2885
2886 class YoutubeLiveIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
2887     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com live streams'
2888     _VALID_URL = r'(?P<base_url>https?://(?:\w+\.)?youtube\.com/(?:(?:user|channel|c)/)?(?P<id>[^/]+))/live'
2889     IE_NAME = 'youtube:live'
2890
2891     _TESTS = [{
2892         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/TheYoungTurks/live',
2893         'info_dict': {
2894             'id': 'a48o2S1cPoo',
2895             'ext': 'mp4',
2896             'title': 'The Young Turks - Live Main Show',
2897             'uploader': 'The Young Turks',
2898             'uploader_id': 'TheYoungTurks',
2899             'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/TheYoungTurks',
2900             'upload_date': '20150715',
2901             'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
2902             'description': 'md5:438179573adcdff3c97ebb1ee632b891',
2903             'categories': ['News & Politics'],
2904             'tags': ['Cenk Uygur (TV Program Creator)', 'The Young Turks (Award-Winning Work)', 'Talk Show (TV Genre)'],
2905             'like_count': int,
2906             'dislike_count': int,
2907         },
2908         'params': {
2909             'skip_download': True,
2910         },
2911     }, {
2912         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1yBKRuGpC1tSM73A0ZjYjQ/live',
2913         'only_matching': True,
2914     }, {
2915         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/CommanderVideoHq/live',
2916         'only_matching': True,
2917     }, {
2918         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/TheYoungTurks/live',
2919         'only_matching': True,
2920     }]
2921
2922     def _real_extract(self, url):
2923         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
2924         channel_id = mobj.group('id')
2925         base_url = mobj.group('base_url')
2926         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, channel_id, fatal=False)
2927         if webpage:
2928             page_type = self._og_search_property(
2929                 'type', webpage, 'page type', default='')
2930             video_id = self._html_search_meta(
2931                 'videoId', webpage, 'video id', default=None)
2932             if page_type.startswith('video') and video_id and re.match(
2933                     r'^[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}$', video_id):
2934                 return self.url_result(video_id, YoutubeIE.ie_key())
2935         return self.url_result(base_url)
2936
2937
2938 class YoutubePlaylistsIE(YoutubePlaylistsBaseInfoExtractor):
2939     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com user/channel playlists'
2940     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:\w+\.)?youtube\.com/(?:user|channel)/(?P<id>[^/]+)/playlists'
2941     IE_NAME = 'youtube:playlists'
2942
2943     _TESTS = [{
2944         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/ThirstForScience/playlists',
2945         'playlist_mincount': 4,
2946         'info_dict': {
2947             'id': 'ThirstForScience',
2948             'title': 'ThirstForScience',
2949         },
2950     }, {
2951         # with "Load more" button
2952         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/igorkle1/playlists?view=1&sort=dd',
2953         'playlist_mincount': 70,
2954         'info_dict': {
2955             'id': 'igorkle1',
2956             'title': 'Игорь Клейнер',
2957         },
2958     }, {
2959         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCiU1dHvZObB2iP6xkJ__Icw/playlists',
2960         'playlist_mincount': 17,
2961         'info_dict': {
2962             'id': 'UCiU1dHvZObB2iP6xkJ__Icw',
2963             'title': 'Chem Player',
2964         },
2965         'skip': 'Blocked',
2966     }]
2967
2968
2969 class YoutubeSearchBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubePlaylistBaseInfoExtractor):
2970     _VIDEO_RE = r'href="\s*/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})(?:[^"]*"[^>]+\btitle="(?P<title>[^"]+))?'
2971
2972
2973 class YoutubeSearchIE(SearchInfoExtractor, YoutubeSearchBaseInfoExtractor):
2974     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com searches'
2975     # there doesn't appear to be a real limit, for example if you search for
2976     # 'python' you get more than 8.000.000 results
2977     _MAX_RESULTS = float('inf')
2978     IE_NAME = 'youtube:search'
2979     _SEARCH_KEY = 'ytsearch'
2980     _EXTRA_QUERY_ARGS = {}
2981     _TESTS = []
2982
2983     def _get_n_results(self, query, n):
2984         """Get a specified number of results for a query"""
2985
2986         videos = []
2987         limit = n
2988
2989         url_query = {
2990             'search_query': query.encode('utf-8'),
2991         }
2992         url_query.update(self._EXTRA_QUERY_ARGS)
2993         result_url = 'https://www.youtube.com/results?' + compat_urllib_parse_urlencode(url_query)
2994
2995         for pagenum in itertools.count(1):
2996             data = self._download_json(
2997                 result_url, video_id='query "%s"' % query,
2998                 note='Downloading page %s' % pagenum,
2999                 errnote='Unable to download API page',
3000                 query={'spf': 'navigate'})
3001             html_content = data[1]['body']['content']
3002
3003             if 'class="search-message' in html_content:
3004                 raise ExtractorError(
3005                     '[youtube] No video results', expected=True)
3006
3007             new_videos = list(self._process_page(html_content))
3008             videos += new_videos
3009             if not new_videos or len(videos) > limit:
3010                 break
3011             next_link = self._html_search_regex(
3012                 r'href="(/results\?[^"]*\bsp=[^"]+)"[^>]*>\s*<span[^>]+class="[^"]*\byt-uix-button-content\b[^"]*"[^>]*>Next',
3013                 html_content, 'next link', default=None)
3014             if next_link is None:
3015                 break
3016             result_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin('https://www.youtube.com/', next_link)
3017
3018         if len(videos) > n:
3019             videos = videos[:n]
3020         return self.playlist_result(videos, query)
3021
3022
3023 class YoutubeSearchDateIE(YoutubeSearchIE):
3024     IE_NAME = YoutubeSearchIE.IE_NAME + ':date'
3025     _SEARCH_KEY = 'ytsearchdate'
3026     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com searches, newest videos first'
3027     _EXTRA_QUERY_ARGS = {'search_sort': 'video_date_uploaded'}
3028
3029
3030 class YoutubeSearchURLIE(YoutubeSearchBaseInfoExtractor):
3031     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com search URLs'
3032     IE_NAME = 'youtube:search_url'
3033     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/results\?(.*?&)?(?:search_query|q)=(?P<query>[^&]+)(?:[&]|$)'
3034     _TESTS = [{
3035         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/results?baz=bar&search_query=youtube-dl+test+video&filters=video&lclk=video',
3036         'playlist_mincount': 5,
3037         'info_dict': {
3038             'title': 'youtube-dl test video',
3039         }
3040     }, {
3041         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/results?q=test&sp=EgQIBBgB',
3042         'only_matching': True,
3043     }]
3044
3045     def _real_extract(self, url):
3046         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
3047         query = compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(mobj.group('query'))
3048         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, query)
3049         return self.playlist_result(self._process_page(webpage), playlist_title=query)
3050
3051
3052 class YoutubeShowIE(YoutubePlaylistsBaseInfoExtractor):
3053     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com (multi-season) shows'
3054     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/show/(?P<id>[^?#]*)'
3055     IE_NAME = 'youtube:show'
3056     _TESTS = [{
3057         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/show/airdisasters',
3058         'playlist_mincount': 5,
3059         'info_dict': {
3060             'id': 'airdisasters',
3061             'title': 'Air Disasters',
3062         }
3063     }]
3064
3065     def _real_extract(self, url):
3066         playlist_id = self._match_id(url)
3067         return super(YoutubeShowIE, self)._real_extract(
3068             'https://www.youtube.com/show/%s/playlists' % playlist_id)
3069
3070
3071 class YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
3072     """
3073     Base class for feed extractors
3074     Subclasses must define the _FEED_NAME and _PLAYLIST_TITLE properties.
3075     """
3076     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = True
3077
3078     @property
3079     def IE_NAME(self):
3080         return 'youtube:%s' % self._FEED_NAME
3081
3082     def _real_initialize(self):
3083         self._login()
3084
3085     def _entries(self, page):
3086         # The extraction process is the same as for playlists, but the regex
3087         # for the video ids doesn't contain an index
3088         ids = []
3089         more_widget_html = content_html = page
3090         for page_num in itertools.count(1):
3091             matches = re.findall(r'href="\s*/watch\?v=([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})', content_html)
3092
3093             # 'recommended' feed has infinite 'load more' and each new portion spins
3094             # the same videos in (sometimes) slightly different order, so we'll check
3095             # for unicity and break when portion has no new videos
3096             new_ids = list(filter(lambda video_id: video_id not in ids, orderedSet(matches)))
3097             if not new_ids:
3098                 break
3099
3100             ids.extend(new_ids)
3101
3102             for entry in self._ids_to_results(new_ids):
3103                 yield entry
3104
3105             mobj = re.search(r'data-uix-load-more-href="/?(?P<more>[^"]+)"', more_widget_html)
3106             if not mobj:
3107                 break
3108
3109             more = self._download_json(
3110                 'https://youtube.com/%s' % mobj.group('more'), self._PLAYLIST_TITLE,
3111                 'Downloading page #%s' % page_num,
3112                 transform_source=uppercase_escape)
3113             content_html = more['content_html']
3114             more_widget_html = more['load_more_widget_html']
3115
3116     def _real_extract(self, url):
3117         page = self._download_webpage(
3118             'https://www.youtube.com/feed/%s' % self._FEED_NAME,
3119             self._PLAYLIST_TITLE)
3120         return self.playlist_result(
3121             self._entries(page), playlist_title=self._PLAYLIST_TITLE)
3122
3123
3124 class YoutubeWatchLaterIE(YoutubePlaylistIE):
3125     IE_NAME = 'youtube:watchlater'
3126     IE_DESC = 'Youtube watch later list, ":ytwatchlater" for short (requires authentication)'
3127     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/(?:feed/watch_later|(?:playlist|watch)\?(?:.+&)?list=WL)|:ytwatchlater'
3128
3129     _TESTS = [{
3130         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=WL',
3131         'only_matching': True,
3132     }, {
3133         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bCNU9TrbiRk&index=1&list=WL',
3134         'only_matching': True,
3135     }]
3136
3137     def _real_extract(self, url):
3138         _, video = self._check_download_just_video(url, 'WL')
3139         if video:
3140             return video
3141         _, playlist = self._extract_playlist('WL')
3142         return playlist
3143
3144
3145 class YoutubeFavouritesIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
3146     IE_NAME = 'youtube:favorites'
3147     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com favourite videos, ":ytfav" for short (requires authentication)'
3148     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/my_favorites|:ytfav(?:ou?rites)?'
3149     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = True
3150
3151     def _real_extract(self, url):
3152         webpage = self._download_webpage('https://www.youtube.com/my_favorites', 'Youtube Favourites videos')
3153         playlist_id = self._search_regex(r'list=(.+?)["&]', webpage, 'favourites playlist id')
3154         return self.url_result(playlist_id, 'YoutubePlaylist')
3155
3156
3157 class YoutubeRecommendedIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
3158     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com recommended videos, ":ytrec" for short (requires authentication)'
3159     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/feed/recommended|:ytrec(?:ommended)?'
3160     _FEED_NAME = 'recommended'
3161     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = 'Youtube Recommended videos'
3162
3163
3164 class YoutubeSubscriptionsIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
3165     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com subscriptions feed, "ytsubs" keyword (requires authentication)'
3166     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/feed/subscriptions|:ytsubs(?:criptions)?'
3167     _FEED_NAME = 'subscriptions'
3168     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = 'Youtube Subscriptions'
3169
3170
3171 class YoutubeHistoryIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
3172     IE_DESC = 'Youtube watch history, ":ythistory" for short (requires authentication)'
3173     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/feed/history|:ythistory'
3174     _FEED_NAME = 'history'
3175     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = 'Youtube History'
3176
3177
3178 class YoutubeTruncatedURLIE(InfoExtractor):
3179     IE_NAME = 'youtube:truncated_url'
3180     IE_DESC = False  # Do not list
3181     _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
3182         (?:https?://)?
3183         (?:\w+\.)?[yY][oO][uU][tT][uU][bB][eE](?:-nocookie)?\.com/
3184         (?:watch\?(?:
3185             feature=[a-z_]+|
3186             annotation_id=annotation_[^&]+|
3187             x-yt-cl=[0-9]+|
3188             hl=[^&]*|
3189             t=[0-9]+
3190         )?
3191         |
3192             attribution_link\?a=[^&]+
3193         )
3194         $
3195     '''
3196
3197     _TESTS = [{
3198         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?annotation_id=annotation_3951667041',
3199         'only_matching': True,
3200     }, {
3201         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?',
3202         'only_matching': True,
3203     }, {
3204         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?x-yt-cl=84503534',
3205         'only_matching': True,
3206     }, {
3207         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=foo',
3208         'only_matching': True,
3209     }, {
3210         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?hl=en-GB',
3211         'only_matching': True,
3212     }, {
3213         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=2372',
3214         'only_matching': True,
3215     }]
3216
3217     def _real_extract(self, url):
3218         raise ExtractorError(
3219             'Did you forget to quote the URL? Remember that & is a meta '
3220             'character in most shells, so you want to put the URL in quotes, '
3221             'like  youtube-dl '
3222             '"https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=foo&v=BaW_jenozKc" '
3223             ' or simply  youtube-dl BaW_jenozKc  .',
3224             expected=True)
3225
3226
3227 class YoutubeTruncatedIDIE(InfoExtractor):
3228     IE_NAME = 'youtube:truncated_id'
3229     IE_DESC = False  # Do not list
3230     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{1,10})$'
3231
3232     _TESTS = [{
3233         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N_708QY7Ob',
3234         'only_matching': True,
3235     }]
3236
3237     def _real_extract(self, url):
3238         video_id = self._match_id(url)
3239         raise ExtractorError(
3240             'Incomplete YouTube ID %s. URL %s looks truncated.' % (video_id, url),
3241             expected=True)