Merkle root hash computation
authorJeffrey Czyz <jkczyz@gmail.com>
Tue, 9 Aug 2022 22:37:02 +0000 (17:37 -0500)
committerJeffrey Czyz <jkczyz@gmail.com>
Fri, 9 Dec 2022 14:53:45 +0000 (08:53 -0600)
Offers uses a merkle root hash construction for signature calculation
and verification. Add a submodule implementing this so that it can be
used when parsing and signing invoice_request and invoice messages.

lightning/src/offers/merkle.rs [new file with mode: 0644]
lightning/src/offers/mod.rs

diff --git a/lightning/src/offers/merkle.rs b/lightning/src/offers/merkle.rs
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..c7aafb0
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
+// This file is Copyright its original authors, visible in version control
+// history.
+//
+// This file is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE
+// or http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your option.
+// You may not use this file except in accordance with one or both of these
+// licenses.
+
+//! Tagged hashes for use in signature calculation and verification.
+
+use bitcoin::hashes::{Hash, HashEngine, sha256};
+use crate::io;
+use crate::util::ser::{BigSize, Readable};
+
+use crate::prelude::*;
+
+/// Valid type range for signature TLV records.
+const SIGNATURE_TYPES: core::ops::RangeInclusive<u64> = 240..=1000;
+
+/// Computes a merkle root hash for the given data, which must be a well-formed TLV stream
+/// containing at least one TLV record.
+fn root_hash(data: &[u8]) -> sha256::Hash {
+       let mut tlv_stream = TlvStream::new(&data[..]).peekable();
+       let nonce_tag = tagged_hash_engine(sha256::Hash::from_engine({
+               let mut engine = sha256::Hash::engine();
+               engine.input("LnNonce".as_bytes());
+               engine.input(tlv_stream.peek().unwrap().record_bytes);
+               engine
+       }));
+       let leaf_tag = tagged_hash_engine(sha256::Hash::hash("LnLeaf".as_bytes()));
+       let branch_tag = tagged_hash_engine(sha256::Hash::hash("LnBranch".as_bytes()));
+
+       let mut leaves = Vec::new();
+       for record in tlv_stream {
+               if !SIGNATURE_TYPES.contains(&record.r#type) {
+                       leaves.push(tagged_hash_from_engine(leaf_tag.clone(), &record));
+                       leaves.push(tagged_hash_from_engine(nonce_tag.clone(), &record.type_bytes));
+               }
+       }
+
+       // Calculate the merkle root hash in place.
+       let num_leaves = leaves.len();
+       for level in 0.. {
+               let step = 2 << level;
+               let offset = step / 2;
+               if offset >= num_leaves {
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               let left_branches = (0..num_leaves).step_by(step);
+               let right_branches = (offset..num_leaves).step_by(step);
+               for (i, j) in left_branches.zip(right_branches) {
+                       leaves[i] = tagged_branch_hash_from_engine(branch_tag.clone(), leaves[i], leaves[j]);
+               }
+       }
+
+       *leaves.first().unwrap()
+}
+
+fn tagged_hash<T: AsRef<[u8]>>(tag: sha256::Hash, msg: T) -> sha256::Hash {
+       let engine = tagged_hash_engine(tag);
+       tagged_hash_from_engine(engine, msg)
+}
+
+fn tagged_hash_engine(tag: sha256::Hash) -> sha256::HashEngine {
+       let mut engine = sha256::Hash::engine();
+       engine.input(tag.as_ref());
+       engine.input(tag.as_ref());
+       engine
+}
+
+fn tagged_hash_from_engine<T: AsRef<[u8]>>(mut engine: sha256::HashEngine, msg: T) -> sha256::Hash {
+       engine.input(msg.as_ref());
+       sha256::Hash::from_engine(engine)
+}
+
+fn tagged_branch_hash_from_engine(
+       mut engine: sha256::HashEngine, leaf1: sha256::Hash, leaf2: sha256::Hash,
+) -> sha256::Hash {
+       if leaf1 < leaf2 {
+               engine.input(leaf1.as_ref());
+               engine.input(leaf2.as_ref());
+       } else {
+               engine.input(leaf2.as_ref());
+               engine.input(leaf1.as_ref());
+       };
+       sha256::Hash::from_engine(engine)
+}
+
+/// [`Iterator`] over a sequence of bytes yielding [`TlvRecord`]s. The input is assumed to be a
+/// well-formed TLV stream.
+struct TlvStream<'a> {
+       data: io::Cursor<&'a [u8]>,
+}
+
+impl<'a> TlvStream<'a> {
+       fn new(data: &'a [u8]) -> Self {
+               Self {
+                       data: io::Cursor::new(data),
+               }
+       }
+}
+
+/// A slice into a [`TlvStream`] for a record.
+struct TlvRecord<'a> {
+       r#type: u64,
+       type_bytes: &'a [u8],
+       // The entire TLV record.
+       record_bytes: &'a [u8],
+}
+
+impl AsRef<[u8]> for TlvRecord<'_> {
+       fn as_ref(&self) -> &[u8] { &self.record_bytes }
+}
+
+impl<'a> Iterator for TlvStream<'a> {
+       type Item = TlvRecord<'a>;
+
+       fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
+               if self.data.position() < self.data.get_ref().len() as u64 {
+                       let start = self.data.position();
+
+                       let r#type = <BigSize as Readable>::read(&mut self.data).unwrap().0;
+                       let offset = self.data.position();
+                       let type_bytes = &self.data.get_ref()[start as usize..offset as usize];
+
+                       let length = <BigSize as Readable>::read(&mut self.data).unwrap().0;
+                       let offset = self.data.position();
+                       let end = offset + length;
+
+                       let _value = &self.data.get_ref()[offset as usize..end as usize];
+                       let record_bytes = &self.data.get_ref()[start as usize..end as usize];
+
+                       self.data.set_position(end);
+
+                       Some(TlvRecord { r#type, type_bytes, record_bytes })
+               } else {
+                       None
+               }
+       }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+       use bitcoin::hashes::{Hash, sha256};
+
+       #[test]
+       fn calculates_merkle_root_hash() {
+               // BOLT 12 test vectors
+               macro_rules! tlv1 { () => { "010203e8" } }
+               macro_rules! tlv2 { () => { "02080000010000020003" } }
+               macro_rules! tlv3 { () => { "03310266e4598d1d3c415f572a8488830b60f7e744ed9235eb0b1ba93283b315c0351800000000000000010000000000000002" } }
+               assert_eq!(
+                       super::root_hash(&hex::decode(tlv1!()).unwrap()),
+                       sha256::Hash::from_slice(&hex::decode("b013756c8fee86503a0b4abdab4cddeb1af5d344ca6fc2fa8b6c08938caa6f93").unwrap()).unwrap(),
+               );
+               assert_eq!(
+                       super::root_hash(&hex::decode(concat!(tlv1!(), tlv2!())).unwrap()),
+                       sha256::Hash::from_slice(&hex::decode("c3774abbf4815aa54ccaa026bff6581f01f3be5fe814c620a252534f434bc0d1").unwrap()).unwrap(),
+               );
+               assert_eq!(
+                       super::root_hash(&hex::decode(concat!(tlv1!(), tlv2!(), tlv3!())).unwrap()),
+                       sha256::Hash::from_slice(&hex::decode("ab2e79b1283b0b31e0b035258de23782df6b89a38cfa7237bde69aed1a658c5d").unwrap()).unwrap(),
+               );
+       }
+}
index a58903f70dccf9dfecda34f1a973419167221f84..be0eb2da522c3f260bec2db2b370ed6a3bf2711c 100644 (file)
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 //! Offers are a flexible protocol for Lightning payments.
 
 pub mod invoice_request;
+mod merkle;
 pub mod offer;
 pub mod parse;
 mod payer;